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1075<a title="Ethos Veterinary Health" role="link" href="https://www.ethosvet.com/" class="nva-anchor nva-anchor--primary-anchor sg-btn-cpnt primary-anchor nva-anchor--button sc-1ux5mjm-1 kIdXlo nva-image-text-card__anchor nva-image-text-card__anchor--multiple arrow nva-promo-banner__cta nva-promo-banner__cta--multiple" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-entry-id="1XPNAqli68wRKa02efHOqd" data-analytics-type="cta-promo-banner" data-analytics-value="" data-analytics-variation="">Ethos Veterinary Health</a></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-promo-banner__cta-para promo-link"><a title="When Your Pet is a Patient" role="link" href="/when-your-pet-is-a-patient" class="nva-anchor nva-anchor--primary-anchor sg-btn-cpnt primary-anchor nva-anchor--button sc-1ux5mjm-1 kIdXlo nva-image-text-card__anchor nva-image-text-card__anchor--multiple arrow nva-promo-banner__cta nva-promo-banner__cta--multiple" target="_self" data-entry-id="r4H73ViTbKAlRTk8WdOzN" data-analytics-type="cta-promo-banner" data-analytics-value="" data-analytics-variation="">When Your Pet is a Patient</a></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-promo-banner__cta-para promo-link"><a title="Pet Insurance" role="link" href="/pet-insurance" class="nva-anchor nva-anchor--primary-anchor sg-btn-cpnt primary-anchor nva-anchor--button sc-1ux5mjm-1 kIdXlo nva-image-text-card__anchor nva-image-text-card__anchor--multiple arrow nva-promo-banner__cta nva-promo-banner__cta--multiple" target="_self" data-entry-id="6iUix09BQJvleEEsQQahRb" data-analytics-type="cta-promo-banner" data-analytics-value="" data-analytics-variation="">Pet Insurance</a></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-promo-banner__cta-para promo-link"><a title="Online Food Ordering" role="link" href="/online-store" class="nva-anchor nva-anchor--primary-anchor sg-btn-cpnt primary-anchor nva-anchor--button sc-1ux5mjm-1 kIdXlo nva-image-text-card__anchor nva-image-text-card__anchor--multiple arrow nva-promo-banner__cta nva-promo-banner__cta--multiple" target="_self" data-entry-id="2HlJbZutSMuumcn7EI1qAf" data-analytics-type="cta-promo-banner" data-analytics-value="" data-analytics-variation="">Online Food Ordering</a></p></div></section></section><section class="sc-m7qb5d-0 iRYQXc nva-content-spacer nva-content-spacer--small content-spacer-small"></section><div class="nva-rtb rich-text-blob container padding-top-override-small padding-bottom-override-small" style="padding:80px 0px" id=""><div class="block block0 col-xs-12"><div class="nva-rich-text sc-wturor-0 gNWsGk" data-contentful-field-id="body" data-contentful-entry-id="1NhWzreafuhWf1f1BDzA49"><h3>VSH North County</h3><p>Veterinary Specialty Hospital of North County (VSH â North County) is proud to provide the highest quality specialty care to pets and the highest customer service to owners in the North County community. VSH â North County is truly a unique facility, with some of the most advanced equipment for pets found anywhere in the country. We work closely with family veterinarians to provide comprehensive care for our patients. Our staff of doctors, technicians, and client care specialists has exceptional training, motivation, and compassion for the pets we treat. We have the latest equipment, including MRI, CT scan, fluoroscopy, digital radiography, USP800 compliant cancer treatment center, state-of-the-art intensive care unit, ultra-modern surgical suites, endoscopy, ultrasound, and much more.</p><p><b>Open 365 days a year, 24 hours per day, we offer state-of-the-art technology and exceptional patient care.</b></p><p>Patients are normally referred to Veterinary Specialty Hospital by their family veterinarian. Typically, your primary veterinarian will send VSH a referral form. The form will describe your petâs problem and identify the appropriate specialty department to see your pet.</p></div></div></div><div class="nva-50-50 organism fifty-fifty sc-1bb4ul1-0 kIMdem" data-entry-id="16CQCB28h55ZitMsH8LSVX"><div class="nva-50-50-card sc-wb9y8b-0 eXWgcR nva-50-50__card nva-50-50__card--variation-a fifty-fifty-card row Variation-A"><div class="nva-50-50-card__image fiftyFiftyImage col-sm-12 col-md-7 image"><div class="nva-media sc-dbhlap-0 hdaGDx nva-50-50-card__media fiftyFifty"><div class="sc-1mj8z02-0 hoESnz image-container"><picture><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=200&w=320&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=400&w=640&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 375px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=582&w=916&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=1164&w=1832&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1600px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=480&w=782&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=960&w=1564&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1366px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=480&w=584&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=960&w=1168&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1024px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=442&w=540&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=884&w=1080&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 768px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=200&w=320&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=400&w=640&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 375px)"/><img alt="AAHA logo" title="AAHA logo" src="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=480&w=782&q=72,%20https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3gNQ4P6mkIw8SojUO12uQp/4af2215a49f379ee28075f49d9ed7cbe/NVA_-_MASTER_-_-60-40-_-_AAHA_Logo__transparent_.png?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=960&w=1564&q=72" decoding="async" data-nimg="future-fill" class="nva-image sc-eu5zgc-0 cLCpsP nva-media__image" loading="lazy" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent;object-fit:cover;object-position:center center"/></picture></div></div></div><div class="nva-50-50-card__text-card-wrapper fiftyFiftyText col-sm-12 col-md-5"><div class="nva-50-50-card__text-card textCard"><div class="nva-rich-text sc-wturor-0 gNWsGk nva-50-50-card__text-card-description nva-50-50__para fiftyFiftyPara" data-contentful-field-id="shortText" data-contentful-entry-id="16CQCB28h55ZitMsH8LSVX"><h3>We are an AAHA Accredited Referral Hospital</h3><p>THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION (AAHA)</p><p>Developed by experts in the profession, AAHA guidelines provide cutting-edge information and frequent updates that help veterinary professionals face the demands of a continually shifting industry to ensure pets receive the best possible care. AAHA accreditation improves patient care and practice culture, fosters a sense of community, and provides the resources practices need to succeed. </p></div><div class="nva-50-50-card__text-card-ctas-wrapper nva-50-50-card__text-card-ctas-wrapper--single"><a title="Learn More" role="link" href="https://www.aaha.org/" class="nva-anchor nva-anchor--primary-anchor sg-btn-cpnt primary-anchor nva-anchor--button sc-1ux5mjm-1 kIdXlo nva-50-50-card__text-card-anchor nva-50-50__anchor fiftyFiftyAnchor cta_btn btn" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-entry-id="7q80VHlixr4o7eWYbtke2X" tabindex="0" data-analytics-type="cta-50-50" data-analytics-value="" data-analytics-variation="Variation-A">Learn More</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="nva-50-50 organism fifty-fifty sc-1bb4ul1-0 brCyyS" data-entry-id="42osBBNpZFBYhWmB64ce3E"><div class="nva-50-50-card sc-wb9y8b-0 bRrmQn nva-50-50__card nva-50-50__card--variation-b fifty-fifty-card row Variation-B"><div class="nva-50-50-card__image fiftyFiftyImage col-sm-12 col-md-7 image"><div class="nva-media sc-dbhlap-0 hdaGDx nva-50-50-card__media fiftyFifty"><div class="sc-1mj8z02-0 hoESnz image-container"><picture><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=200&w=320&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=400&w=640&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 375px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=582&w=916&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=1164&w=1832&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1600px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=480&w=782&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=960&w=1564&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1366px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=480&w=584&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=960&w=1168&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1024px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=442&w=540&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=884&w=1080&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 768px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=200&w=320&q=72, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=400&w=640&q=72 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 375px)"/><img alt="Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County's exterior" title="Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County's exterior" src="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=480&w=782&q=72,%20https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6iTSumDxm7ETJoxgMNUbgG/eed374fc1a7f8086eebe81eeda66480d/IMG_0001-2863941612-O-800x600.jpg?fit=fill&fm=webp&h=960&w=1564&q=72" decoding="async" data-nimg="future-fill" class="nva-image sc-eu5zgc-0 cLCpsP nva-media__image" loading="lazy" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent;object-fit:cover;object-position:center center"/></picture></div></div></div><div class="nva-50-50-card__text-card-wrapper fiftyFiftyText col-sm-12 col-md-5"><div class="nva-50-50-card__text-card textCard"><h2 class="sc-1lhs05s-0 eSDLys nva-50-50-card__text-card-heading nva-50-50__heading fiftyFiftyHeading nva-heading" data-contentful-field-id="headline" data-contentful-entry-id="42osBBNpZFBYhWmB64ce3E" id="our-hospital">Our Hospital</h2><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-50-50-card__text-card-sub-heading nva-50-50__sub-heading fiftyFiftySubHeading heading_four" data-contentful-field-id="subHeadline" data-contentful-entry-id="42osBBNpZFBYhWmB64ce3E">We are an AAHA Accredited Referral Hospital</p><div class="nva-rich-text sc-wturor-0 gNWsGk nva-50-50-card__text-card-description nva-50-50__para fiftyFiftyPara" data-contentful-field-id="shortText" data-contentful-entry-id="42osBBNpZFBYhWmB64ce3E"><p>Our 16,337 sq ft. hospital includes two treatment wards, nine exam rooms, and four operating rooms.</p><p>Our hospital provides referral services in the specialties of cardiology, dermatology, diagnostic imaging, emergency & critical care, interventional radiology, surgery, oncology, surgical oncology, ophthalmology, neurology, and internal medicine.</p></div></div></div></div></div></main><section class="sc-1tmcds5-0 kvOiQs nva-global-footer-old organism globalFooter"><section class="sc-1nhohxj-0 dnPRyk nva-footer-old footer molecule row nva-footer-old--variation-a variation-a"><div class="nva-footer-old__business-logo businessLogo col-xs-12 col-md-2" itemscope="" itemType="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><a title="Logo" role="link" href="/" class="nva-anchor sc-1ux5mjm-1 jEwRKd nva-footer-old__business-logo-anchor footer-logo" target="_self" data-analytics-type="footer-logo" data-analytics-variation="Variation-A" data-analytics-value="footer-logo"><div class="sc-1mj8z02-0 hoESnz image-container"><picture><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=63&w=173&q=100, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=126&w=346&q=100 2x " type="image/webp" media="(max-width: 375px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=106&w=267&q=100, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=212&w=534&q=100 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1600px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=90&w=228&q=100, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=180&w=456&q=100 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1366px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo
1075.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=63&w=173&q=100, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=126&w=346&q=100 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 1024px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=63&w=173&q=100, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=126&w=346&q=100 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 768px)"/><source srcSet="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=63&w=173&q=100, https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=126&w=346&q=100 2x " type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 375px)"/><img alt="Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County Logo" title="Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County Logo" data-analytics-type="footer-logo" data-analytics-variation="Variation-A" data-analytics-value="footer-logo" src="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=90&w=228&q=100,%20https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png?fit=pad&fm=webp&h=180&w=456&q=100" decoding="async" data-nimg="future-fill" class="nva-image sc-eu5zgc-0 cLCpsP nva-footer-old__business-logo-image" loading="lazy" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent;object-fit:cover;object-position:center center"/></picture></div><link href="https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/UDWou9kL7oh7oyhEQrv3L/86f590f4242d4226e2be7be2aaf15da6/VSH-NC_Footer-Logo.png"/></a></div><div class="nva-footer-old__address-card addressCard col-xs-12 col-md-3"><div class="contactCard"><div class="nva-address-card sc-ty7941-0 cIQHqR"><a title="2055 Montiel Rd, 1076San Marcos, 1077CA, 107892069" role="link" href="https://maps.google.com/maps?cid=10213011230607420404" class="nva-anchor sc-1ux5mjm-1 jEwRKd nva-address-card__anchor" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-analytics-type="address-box" data-analytics-value="address-box" data-analytics-variation="Variation-A" copyRightText="Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-address-card__para heading_three">Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County</p><address class="nva-address sc-1xxkgde-0 bkqcDa nva-address-card__address address-block"><span class="nva-address__address-line-1 addressLine1">2055 Montiel Rd</span><span class="nva-address__city city">San Marcos</span>, <span class="nva-address__state state">CA</span><span class="nva-address__postal-code postalCode">92069</span></address></a></div>
1078<div class="nva-contact-us-card sc-w7n4ml-0 dPrYVN"><ul class="sc-w7248b-1 hzFpzR sc-w7248b-2 gSUvO nva-contact-us-card__contact-details contact-details panel-list"><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-contact-us-card__list-item" id="phone-number"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-contact-us-card__item-para para-line-height">T:</p>Â <a title="phone (760) 466-0600" role="link" href="tel:(760)%20466-0600" class="nva-anchor sc-1ux5mjm-1 jEwRKd nva-contact-us-card__phone-anchor phone-link" target="_self" aria-label="phone (760) 466-0600"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-contact-us-card__phone-formatted para-line-height">(760) 466-0600</p></a></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-contact-us-card__list-item" id="text-number"></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-contact-us-card__list-item" id="fax-number"></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="nva-footer-old__hours-of-operation hoursOfOperation col-xs-12 col-md-3"><div class="nva-hours-of-operation sc-yfqjgu-0 egGhKE"><h3 class="sc-1lhs05s-0 eSDLys nva-hours-of-operation__hours-text hoursText heading_three nva-heading" aria-label="Hours of Operation">Hours of Operation</h3><div id="default-tab" class="nva-tabs sc-ykh7ny-0 jugogd nva-hours-of-operation__hours-detail hours-detail" selectedIndex="0"><div class="nva-tabs__wrapper tabs-wrap"><ul role="tablist" class="sc-w7248b-1 hzFpzR sc-w7248b-2 gSUvO nva-tabs"><li class="nva-tab sc-88mbb3-0 dGDPOv nva-tabs__tab nva-hours-of-operation__hour-details-tab hour-details-tab" role="tab" aria-controls="tab-list-item-0" aria-selected="true" id="tab_0"><a title="Main Hours" role="link" href="#tab-list-item-0" class="nva-anchor sc-1ux5mjm-1 jEwRKd nva-tab__link tab-link" target="_self" tabindex="0"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-tabs__tab-heading heading_five">Main Hours</p></a></li></ul></div><div class="nva-tabs__panels-wrapper panels-wrap"><div id="tab-list-item-0" class="nva-tab-panel sc-yr2uqf-0 eYKETe nva-tabs__tab-panel " role="tabpanel" aria-expanded="true" aria-hidden="false" aria-labelledby="tab_0"><ul class="sc-w7248b-1 hzFpzR sc-w7248b-2 gSUvO nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list panel-list"><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list-item"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-hours-of-operation__day left">Mon</p><div><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"><span class="nva-hours-of-operation__open-hours" content="Open 24 hrs">Open 24 hrs</span></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"></p></div></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list-item"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-hours-of-operation__day left">Tue</p><div><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"><span class="nva-hours-of-operation__open-hours" content="Open 24 hrs">Open 24 hrs</span></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"></p></div></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list-item"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-hours-of-operation__day left">Wed</p><div><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"><span class="nva-hours-of-operation__open-hours" content="Open 24 hrs">Open 24 hrs</span></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"></p></div></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list-item"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-hours-of-operation__day left">Thu</p><div><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"><span class="nva-hours-of-operation__open-hours" content="Open 24 hrs">Open 24 hrs</span></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"></p></div></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list-item"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-hours-of-operation__day left">Fri</p><div><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"><span class="nva-hours-of-operation__open-hours" content="Open 24 hrs">Open 24 hrs</span></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"></p></div></li>
1078<li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list-item"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-hours-of-operation__day left">Sat</p><div><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"><span class="nva-hours-of-operation__open-hours" content="Open 24 hrs">Open 24 hrs</span></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"></p></div></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list-item"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-hours-of-operation__day left">Sun</p><div><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"><span class="nva-hours-of-operation__open-hours" content="Open 24 hrs">Open 24 hrs</span></p><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt"></p></div></li></ul><ul class="sc-w7248b-1 hzFpzR sc-w7248b-2 gSUvO nva-hours-of-operation__panel-list panel-list"><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt"><p class="nva-para undefined sc-ovnq1p-0 dwHaQt nva-hours-of-operation__message message"></p></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="nva-footer-old__primary-links primaryLinks col-xs-12 col-md-2"><div class="nva-footer-old__primary-links-mini-footer-cta miniFooterCTA"><a title="Emergency" role="link" href="/emergency" class="nva-anchor nva-anchor--primary-anchor sg-btn-cpnt primary-anchor nva-anchor--button sc-1ux5mjm-1 kIdXlo nva-footer-old__primary-links-mini-footer-cta-anchor" target="_self" data-entry-id="6XxKaRCOPRFmDCS68JCp2D" data-analytics-type="footer-primary-CTA" data-analytics-value="Emergency">Emergency</a></div><ul class="sc-w7248b-1 hzFpzR sc-w7248b-2 gSUvO nva-footer-old__primary-links-list"><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-footer-old__primary-links-list-item"><div class="heading_four primary-link-header no-bar"><a title="About Us" role="link" href="/about-us" class="nva-anchor sc-1ux5mjm-1 jEwRKd nva-footer-old__primary-links-list-item-anchor primary-link-anchor" target="_self" data-analytics-type="footer-primary" data-analytics-variation="Variation-A" data-analytics-value="footer-primary">About Us</a></div></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-footer-old__primary-links-list-item"><div class="heading_four primary-link-header no-bar"><a title="Our Team" role="link" href="/staff" class="nva-anchor sc-1ux5mjm-1 jEwRKd nva-footer-old__primary-links-list-item-anchor primary-link-anchor" target="_self" data-analytics-type="footer-primary" data-analytics-variation="Variation-A" data-analytics-value="Other">Our Team</a></div></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-footer-old__primary-links-list-item"><div class="heading_four primary-link-header no-bar"><a title="Emergency" role="link" href="/emergency" class="nva-anchor sc-1ux5mjm-1 jEwRKd nva-footer-old__primary-links-list-item-anchor primary-link-anchor" target="_self" data-analytics-type="footer-primary" data-analytics-variation="Variation-A" data-analytics-value="Emergency">Emergency</a></div></li><li class="nva-list-item sc-1dimaqi-0 dlLKt nva-footer-old__primary-links-list-item"><div class="heading_four primary-link-header no-bar"><a title="Client Portal" role="link" href="https://ethosvsh.usw2.ezyvet.com/external/portal/main/login#googtrans(en)" class="nva-anchor sc-1ux5mjm-1 jEwRKd nva-footer-old__primary-links-list-item-anchor primary-link-anchor" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-analytics-type="footer-primary" data-analytics-variation="Variation-A" data-analytics-value="footer-primary">Client Portal</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="nva-footer-old__line-separator line-separator col-xs-12"></div><div class="nva-footer-old__utility-links col-md-9 bottomLinks"><div class="nva-footer-old__utility-links-row row linksRow"><div class="nva-footer-old__utility-links-copyright copyright copyright-desktop-display col-xs-12 col-md-3 col-lg-4"><div class="nva-footer-old__utility-links-copyright-text heading_five heading-5 no-bar">© <!-- --> <!-- -->Copyright<!-- --> <!-- -->2026</div></div><div class="utilityLinks col-xs-12 col-md-9 col-lg-8"><ul class="sc-w7248b-1 hzFpzR sc-w7248b-2 gSUvO nva-footer-old__utility-links-list">
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1079,"sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"wwWeWkA8wEetExVXcs2Cn"}},{"__typename":"Staff","staffName":"Deepinder Sidhu","url":null,"createBioPage":null,"title":"DVM, DACVS-SA","shortBio":{"__typename":"StaffShortBio","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Veterinary Surgeon","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}}]}},"hideOnStaffCarousel":false,"longBio":{"__typename":"StaffLongBio","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"heading-3","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"About","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dr. Deepinder Sidhu is a diplomate of American College of Veterinary Surgeons. He is a southern California native, and excited to be back in the area. Dr. Sidhu earned his Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine from Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine. Following a rotating internship at University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, he completed a small animal surgery residency at the University of Missouri.","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"His surgical interests include fracture management, cranial cruciate injuries, thoracic surgery, and surgical oncology. Dr. Sidhu values communication with owners and veterinarians and strives to include family members in the decision-making process for their pet.","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"When not at work, Dr. Sidhu enjoys traveling, hiking, and spending time with his fiancé and their Brittany Spaniel.","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"heading-3","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Published Articles:","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Influence of Intraoperative Closed Glove Exchange on Glove Contamination during Clean Soft Tissue Surgeries","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":", Wiley Online Library, 19 July 2021, ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/vsu.13688"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Read Article","marks":[],"data":{}}]}],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"list-item","content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"An Easy to Produce and Economical Three-Dimensional Brain Phantom for Stereotactic Computed Tomographic-Guided Brain Biopsy Training in the Dog","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":", Wiley Online Library, 29 Apr. 2017, ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vsu.12657"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Read Article","marks":[],"data":{}}]}],"data":{}}],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"heading-3","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Education","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine -","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Doctor of Veterinary Medicine","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"University of Georgia -","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Small Animal Medicine and Surgery Internship","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"University of Missouri -","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Small Animal Surgery Residency","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Diplomate, American College of Veterinary Surgeons -","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Board Certified in Small Animal Surgery","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}}]},"links":{"__typename":"StaffLongBioLinks","assets":{"__typename":"StaffLongBioAssets","block":[]}}},"staffImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","i
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Dr. Thomson has been on the executive board for the Veterinary Endoscopy Society for three years and is an active member of the Veterinary Society for Surgical Oncology and the Veterinary Interventional Radiology and Interventional Endoscopy Society. He is the author of textbook chapters and numerous scientific articles and has been recognized for lecturing nationally and internationally.","marks":[],"data":{}}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"paragraph","content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Through minimally invasive (or keyhole) surgery, Dr. Thomson is driven to minimize the pain and complications related to surgery while maximizing patient outcomes. 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1079posal methods that are of significant cost to the hospital. The disposal of large volumes of returned drugs will increase hospital costs overall.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"How can I avoid running out of medications for my pet? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Call the pharmacy at ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"tel:(760) 466-0600"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"(760) 466-0600","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" and press option three (3) to request a refill, or use our easy online prescription refill form available on our website. When no refills are authorized, your veterinarian must be contacted to authorize additional refills. The pharmacy staff will do this for you, but it may take additional time to complete your refill request. Do not wait until you are out of medication. Always check your supply before weekends, holidays, and vacations. Mail and shipping service to and from the hospital is slower on and around holidays, especially in December. Please plan ahead for these times.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Can prescriptions be mailed? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"We offer mail service for your petâs prescriptions for a small fee. To assure appropriate storage conditions and safe delivery, medications that require refrigeration must be shipped using Fed-Ex, next-day delivery. Fees are subject to change without notice. Please check with the pharmacy staff when requesting that medication be mailed or shipped to you. Medications mailed or shipped to you must be paid for in full before shipping. We accept credit card payment over the phone.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Do you mail prescriptions out of state? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If you have moved out of state, it is best to find a local veterinarian and work with them to obtain the medication your pet needs. We cannot legally mail your prescriptions out of state. If you are planning a trip, for most medications, you may request a larger supply from us or your veterinarian prior to your trip.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Who do I contact if I believe there has been an error with my petâs medication? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your petâs medication appears different or has changed in any way, it is always best to double check that the prescription has been filled correctly. Typically, the difference is due to a change in the manufacturer and your prescription bottle will indicate the change with a label stating, âThis is the correct medication that has been prescribed, although the size and shape may appear differentâ. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"We work hard to assure that the medication errors do not occur; however, errors occasionally may happen. It is very important that you notify us immediately if you ever discover that we have made an error. We keep track of every reported error and use these reports to assure that we have instituted every corrective action possible to prevent an error in the future. If you suspect a problem or wish to verify your prescription with us, please call the client services staff at ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"tel:(760) 466-0600"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"(760) 466-0600","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" and ask to speak with a pharmacy staff member to confirm that you have the correct medication.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"If a veterinarian who is not employed by VSH prescribes a drug for my pet, can I have it filled at VSH? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"No. We are not able to fill prescriptions written by anyone other than veterinarians employed at VSH. Your pet must have had an exam or visit with our VSH veterinarians within the previous 12 months and the prescription must have been written by that veterinarian. State and federal law mandates our policy on this matter. Prescriptions can only be filled by the VSH pharmacy if they have been written by veterinarians currently employed by VSH and must be filled for patients currently being treated by one of our doctors.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What if I need refills and the veterinarian that saw my pet no longer works at VSH? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If the veterinarian that has physically seen your animal is no longer employed by VSH, it is up to the discretion of the new veterinarian to either approve refills or ask to see the pet before continuing refills. By California state law, the veterinarian must have had a visit with you and your pet within the previous 12 months to prescribe medications for your pet.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What do I do if the medication that my pet takes is no longer available? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Medications can always be subject to availability problems due to changes in the prescription drug market, manufacturer availability, and many other economic or regulatory issues. The pharmacy staff will work closely with our VSH veterinarians to help find an alternative medication or treatment to fit your petâs treatment needs.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Can I use drugs after the expiration date? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Manufacturers assign expiration dates to drugs based on documented safety and stability studies of the drug in a particular dosage form. After the expiration date, it can be difficult to determine if the drug is active and safe. Some drugs, such as tetracyclines, can degrade into potentially harmful substances beyond the assigned expiration date. We never recommend that drugs be used past the expiration date on the original container or medication label. Some drugs expire more quickly than others.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Are over-the-counter medications from pharmacies safe to give my pet? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Many over-the-counter (OTC) medications can be dangerous for your pet. Do not give over-the-counter medications or supplements to your pets without advice from your veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What should I do if my pet ingests my medication or more than the recommended dose of his/her own medication? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"It is very important that you quickly contact a veterinarian. There are many medications designed for safe use in humans that can be very toxic to animals (pain medications, anti-inflammatory medications, birth control pills). Our emergency department is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week and can answer questions about medications your pet has taken. Call us at ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"tel:(760) 466-0600"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"(760) 466-0600","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":".","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"How do I get rid of old medications? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The Office of National Drug Control Policy in conjunction with the Department of Health and Human Services and the Environment Protection Agency has issued consumer guidelines for the proper disposal of unused, unneeded, or expired prescription drugs. The consortium recommends that drugs be removed from their original packaging and mixed with an undesired substance, such as use coffee grounds or kitty litter, and placing them in impermeable, non-descript containers, such as empty cans or sealable bags, prior to disposal. We urge you to take advantage of community pharmaceutical take-back programs. San Diego and surrounding counties offer these programs. Information can be found at CalRecycle: Medication Waste Disposal, or refer to this flyer for the California Board of Pharmacy recommended disposal methods.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What are the pharmacy hours? ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The pharmacy is open from Monday through Friday between the hours of 9:00 a.m. - 5:30 p.m. Any prescriptions that have been filled can be picked up 24 hours a day, seven days a week. All prescription refill requests and messages received after pharmacy department hours will be addressed the next business day that the pharmacy department is open. Please allow three business days for refill processing. 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1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"1KRyM0Lwrd5diUYNPczmDh"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County 5123 - Managing Heart Disease in Pets: Treatment Options and Quality of Life","title":null,"altText":"brown dog laying in field","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County 5123 - Managing Heart Disease in Pets: Treatment Options and Quality of Life","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/4V8Z0Tq89IGFaPPlefhfuG/20cbb369cd72c9714f8e96154ebe4ca3/Blog_2.jpeg","size":4018789,"width":4622,"height":3061,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"5 Signs Your Dog or Cat Might Have Heart Disease (and When to Act)","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County 5123 - 5 Signs Your Dog or Cat Might Have Heart Disease (and When to Act)","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":null,"blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Heart disease can be subtle in its early stages, but identifying changes early can make all the difference. 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1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"4bCbFliUe4VDUndSip03WC"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County 5123 - 5 Signs Your Dog or Cat Might Have Heart Disease (and When to Act)","title":null,"altText":"hand petting cat on the head","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County 5123 - 5 Signs Your Dog or Cat Might Have Heart Disease (and When to Act)","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/5lgMy9yOtGvWRTwDfOP9h2/79469ade6b9a9337b2d67345b351df74/Blog_1.jpeg","size":5704763,"width":5472,"height":3648,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Why Is My Pet Drinking So Much Water?","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - North County 5123 - Why Is My Pet Drinking So Much Water?","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":null,"blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your dog is suddenly emptying the water bowl more than usual or your cat seems constantly thirsty, itâs time to pay attention. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Health Tips"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your dog is suddenly emptying the water bowl more than usual or your cat seems constantly thirsty, itâs time to pay attention. While an occasional increase in water intake may be harmless, persistent or excessive thirstâknown as polydipsia (PD)âcan signal an underlying health issue.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Not Just Thirsty: What Causes Excessive Drinking?","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Increased thirst often stems from a medical condition that affects your petâs ability to regulate its water balance. Some of the most common causes include:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Diabetes Mellitus","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Especially common in older pets. Excess glucose in the bloodstream draws water out of tissues, making pets thirsty.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Cushingâs Disease","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": A hormonal disorder that causes excessive cortisol, often leading to increased urination and thirst. One of the most overlooked causes of PU/PD.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Kidney Disease","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":": Damaged kidneys canât conserve water effectively, leading to frequent urination and compensatory thirst.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Urinary Tract Infections or other urinary disorders","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Heat vs. Health: How Much Is Too Much?","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Yes, pets tend to drink more during the summerâespecially after exercise or outdoor play. But if your pet is draining their bowl multiple times a day or asking to go out to urinate much more than usual, that may be a red flag worth checking.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Urine Clues: Accidents Could Be a Warning Sign","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your house-trained pet starts having accidents indoors, it could be due to increased urine production rather than behavior. PU (polyuri
1079a) paired with PD (polydipsia) often points to an underlying medical condition, not just poor training or attention-seeking behavior.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"When to See Internal Medicine","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your pet has been drinking excessively for more than a few days, or if youâre noticing other changes (e.g., weight loss, increased appetite, or lethargy), itâs time for a deeper look. Your primary veterinarian may start with basic lab work. 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1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"78SPERnX6AClpzSWkfBHyk"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER - INCLINIC - DIET \u0026 NUTRITION - CAT - CHECKUP","title":null,"altText":"Tabby brown cat is getting a checkup from a Veterinarian. Checking his / her pulse. ","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"NVA-Clinic-Cat-CheckUp","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/4yQpxAis7KSS2zRl4osd92/58eb97897c3036004b8796042a5a5f74/endoscopy-cat-checkup.jpg","size":179899,"width":1382,"height":922,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Heat Intolerance in Pets: Could It Be Something More?","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - North County 5123 - Heat Intolerance in Pets: Could It Be Something More?","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":null,"blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Hidden metabolic conditions can affect how pets respond to heatâand getting a proper diagnosis could make all the difference.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Health Tips"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Some pets slow down in summer. But if your dog canât handle the heat or your cat becomes unusually lethargic, it may be more than just warm weather. Hidden metabolic conditions can affect how pets respond to heatâand getting a proper diagnosis could make all the difference.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"\"He Just Canât Handle the Heat\"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your pet pants excessively, avoids activity, or seems weak after minimal exertion, it may not just be the temperature. These can be signs of underlying conditions like:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Hypothyroidism","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":": Slows metabolism and energy","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland doesnât produce enough thyroid hormone. This hormone is essential for regulating metabolism, so when levels are low, pets can experience fatigue, weight gain, poor coat quality, and a decreased ability to regulate body temperature. Dogs with hypothyroidism often appear sluggish, tire easily, and may struggle to stay cool in warm weather due to slowed metabolic function.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Diabetes Mellitus","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":": Impacts hydration, energy, and overall health","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Diabetes occurs when the body canât properly regulate blood sugar levels, typically due to insulin deficiency or resistance. This leads to symptoms like increased thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, and fatigue. In the heat, these symptoms can be even more noticeableâdehydration happens faster, and energy levels drop more dramatically. 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1079ight":874,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"What To Do if Your Dog Was Bitten by Another Dog","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - What To Do if Your Dog Was Bitten by Another Dog","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"what-to-do-if-your-dog-was-bitten-by-another-dog","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dog bite wounds are a common veterinary emergency.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dog bite wounds are a common veterinary emergency. Dog fights often occur at dog parks or doggy daycares or while on a walk or at a friendâs house. If another dog snaps and bites your own pup, the experience can be traumatic and chaotic for you and your dog and you may
1079not know how best to respond.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Hereâs what you should do if your dog is attacked by another dog.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Do Not Stand Between the Dogs","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"You want to protect your dog at all costs, and your natural instinct likely is jumping between the dogs to stop the attack. However, the other dog could turn on you and seriously injure you.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Instead:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" If your dog is leashed when attacked, use the leash to attempt to pull them away from the encounter, ensuring you stay at a distance from the dogs. If this isnât possible, you can use water from a water bottle or hose to startle the dogs and break them apart.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Remain Calm","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The situation is stressful, but you need to remain calm to appropriately care for your dog. In addition, if you are overwrought, your dog will pick up on your emotions and the situation may escalate.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Instead:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Try to distract the dogs and break up the fight as calmly as possible, and never act aggressively toward the other dogâs owner, which could cause their dog to attack you. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Exchange Information","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Before leaving the attack scene, calmly exchange relevant details with the other dogâs owner. You should both gather as much information as possible, including:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The other dog ownerâs name, address, and contact information","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The other dogâs vaccination recordsâespecially rabies. You may need to exchange contact information so the owner can send you or your veterinarian the dogâs rabies certificate. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The attacking dogâs description, including breed, size, color, and other physical attributes","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Names and contact information of any witnesses","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Photos of your dog, including all injuries","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Assess Your Dogâs Injuries","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Injured dogs can be aggressive, especially after a traumatic incident. Speak softly and move slowly as you gently assess your dogâs wounds.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Hold pressure on any actively bleeding wounds, allowing your dog to walk on their own only when the bleeding has stopped. This will help keep them calm, and you can observe their gait and determine any limb injuries. If necessary, carry your dog but be cautious to prevent further damage.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Take Your Dog to a Veterinarian","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Even if your dog appears okay, he/she needs to be examined by a veterinarian. There could be puncture wounds hidden under the fur or an injury you canât see. Additionally, teeth puncture wounds can be much deeper than they appear and severe wounds may penetrate your dogâs chest or abdominal cavity. Bite wounds also are likely to become infected if not cleaned appropriately. Depending on the severity of their injuries, your dog may need antibiotics and pain medications.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"ER VS. URGENT CARE VS. PRIMARY CARE VET","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Go to a veterinary ER: ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"ongoing bleeding (","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"especially ","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"bleeding that occurs with every heartbeat i.e. spurting); bite or puncture wounds along the neck, chest, or abdomen; dog vocalizing","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Go to a veterinary urgent care: ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"visible wounds but no active bleeding; limping or other signs of pain","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Wait for an appointment with your primary care vet: ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"no visible wounds; no signs of pain or distress","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Always call ahead to see what is the best option for your dog. Your dog may al
1079so need diagnostics, such as x-rays or ultrasound, to determine if they sustained internal injuries. If the attacking dog was not vaccinated for rabies or has an unknown vaccine history, your veterinarian will likely give your dog a rabies booster as well.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Follow Your Veterinarianâs Instructions","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Your dogâs activity may be restricted for a period to ensure their wounds heal properly. Follow your veterinarianâs instructions carefully, and donât discontinue medications before finishing the recommended drug course.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Donât allow your dog to lick, bite, or scratch their wound, and ask your veterinarian for an ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.ethosvet.com/blog-post/7-tips-for-helping-your-pet-with-their-e-collar/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"e-collar","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" if necessary to prevent your dog from contaminating or further injuring the wound. In addition, ensure you take your dog for recheck examinations so your veterinarian can assess their progress and remove any sutures or drains. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Pay Attention to Your Dogâs Behavior","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dogs can be severely traumatized after a dog attack and may exhibit behavioral issues indicating they have lingering effects. If your dog is suffering from emotional trauma, signs may include:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"an unwillingness to play and interact with other dogs","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"defensive behavior toward other dogs (snarling, growling, or arching their back)","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"increased anxiety when left alone","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your dog exhibits any of these behaviors, they need medical attention. Left untreated, they could become a danger to themselves, other pets, and humans. A behavioral specialist may be able to retrain your dogâs response to emotional or situational triggers. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What To Do If ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"My","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Dog Bites Another Dog","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your dog is the aggressor, remain calm and attempt to distract your dog without getting between the dogs. Steps to take include:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Get your dog on a leash:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" If your dog is off-leash, carefully get them back on-leash as soon as possible after the dogs separate. Your dog will be highly stressed, and may bite anyone who enters their space, including you.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Allow your dog to calm down:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Take your dog to a quiet area where they canât see the other dog so they can calm down. Do not try to re-release your dog to continue playing with other dogs.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Help the other dog:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Exchange information with the other dog owner and help the owner get their dog to the veterinarian if that is possible without the dogs interacting. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Seek professional help:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" A veterinarian should evaluate your dog to ensure a medical issue didnât cause the incident. If a health problem is ruled out, you can seek a behavioral specialistâs help to address your dogâs aggressive behavior. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Check your dog for injuries:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Even if your dog was the aggressor, he or she may have sustained injuries from the dog fight too. Seek veterinary care if you see any bite wounds or puncture wounds, and donât forget to ask for the other dogâs rabies and vaccine information. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Muzzle train your dog:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" If your dog is frequently aggressive toward other dogs, they may need to wear a muzzle when in public.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Preventing Dog Bites","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Not every dog bite incident can be prevented, but you can take steps to decrease your dogâs risk of biting other dogs and of being bitten. These include:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Socialize your dog appropriately:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Expose your dog to numerous sights, sounds, experiences, people, and other pets when they are young to help them become a well-adjusted, well-behaved adult dog. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Keep your dog on a leash:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Keep your dog leashed in unfamiliar places or around unfamiliar people or dogs.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Learn how to recognize anxiety:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Learn what body language indicates a dog is anxious. Anxious dogs can escalate to aggressiveness if they feel pressured. When you know your dogâs anxiety signs, you can remove them from the situation before a problem occurs.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"This information should help you know how to respond if your dog is bitten or bites another dog. These situations are stressful, but being prepared can help you stay calm, so you can provide the care your dog needs.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
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The body interacts with an allergen (usually a protein of plants, food, animals, or insects) and the immune system mounts an overreaction to this allergen.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The specific allergen is often never identified in an isolated incident. If a patient is experiencing recurrent \u0026 frequent allergic reactions, referral to a veterinary dermatologist is often warranted.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Symptoms of an allergic reaction in dogs","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"As a result of this overreaction, a constellation of symptoms may be present. The most common symptoms of an allergic reaction in your dog are:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"hives (patches of red, swollen, itchy welts or bumps) also known as urticaria","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"facial angioedema (muzzle or eye swelling)","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"itching","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"gastrointestinal signs (vomiting and/or diarrhea)","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"These symptoms may be focal (one part of the body) or generalized. In mild allergic reactions, GI signs are appreciated a few days after the initial symptoms of hives and facial swelling. In severe allergic reactions, acute and severe vomiting and diarrhea may be appreciated. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In severe, or ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"anaphylactic","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":", allergic reactions respiratory or circulatory signs are seen. Symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction in your dog include:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"difficulty breathing","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"wheezing","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"collapse","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Thankfully, these presentations are very rare and most allergic reactions are mild.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What to do if your pet has an allergic reaction","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If you notice your pet having signs of a mild allergic reaction (facial swelling, skin hives, itchiness) you should seek veterinary care on an urgent basis. This means you should be seen that day, but you do not need to present through the emergency room (unless this is the only availability). Your primary care veterinarian or local urgent care department will be able to manage these cases.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In severe or anaphylactic reactions (difficulty breathing, collapse, severe/acute vomiting \u0026 diarrhea) you should seek emergency care at once and present through the closest veterinary hospital. In humans, only 1% of allergic reactions are severe. They are similarly rare in veterinary patients.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Treatment for allergic reactions","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In cases of mild allergic reactions, your veterinarian will likely administer an injection of an antihistamine called diphenhydramine. In some cases, your veterinarian will also administer an injection of a corticosteroid. You may be asked to wait with your pet for a short observation period after these injections. This is to ensure your petâs clinical signs are improving after initial treatment.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Your veterinarian will likely then send your pet home with a short course of antihistamines and/or steroids. There have been some studies that show cetirizine is a superior oral antihistamine in reducing the risk of continued dermatologic symptoms (hives \u0026 itching) as well as reducing the risk of delayed gastrointestinal signs (vomiting \u0026 diarrhea). Both diphenhydramine and cetirizine are regularly used, however.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In severe, life-threatening allergic reactions your veterinarian will obtain IV access and administer medications such as epinephrine. In these cases your pet will likely stay in the hospital for ongoing treatment and monitoring.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Monitoring at home","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"After minor allergic reactions, you should continue all medications as prescribed by your veterinarian. You should also continue monitoring for non-resolution or worsening of symptoms. If this occurs despite treatment, you should have your pet reevaluated.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Written by Alison Bayerle, DVM","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"5UV1iNwyZVpKmNfnEcaRZ2"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - 60-40 - HOME - NATURE - Dog Lying Down Scratching Ears","title":null,"altText":"Dog Lying Down Scratching Ears","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - 60-40 - HOME - NATURE - Dog Lying Down Scratching Ears","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/49xXC5XwuEPbJRbgyNIYA9/e67b70866c67bb830979a28f5afccf6b/NVA_-_MASTER_-_60-40_-_HOME_-_NATURE_-_Dog_Lying_Down_Scratching_Ears.jpg","size":202408,"width":920,"height":580,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Why is My Dog Shaking? 6 Reasons for Trembling or Shivering","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Why is My Dog Shaking? 6 Reasons for Trembling or Shivering","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"why-is-my-dog-shaking","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"When your dog shakes or trembles, you may become concerned about their health or mental wellbeing (especially if they are shivering in 80-degree weather!).","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"When your dog shakes or trembles, you may become concerned about their health or mental wellbeing (especially if they are shivering in 80-degree weather!) Shaking can be normal for pets, but may indicate discomfort, pain, mental distress, or disease. Your dog often provides clues for you to determine whether their shaking is a normal response, or a veterinary visit is in order.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Here are some of the top reasons dogs shake, to help you narrow down your list.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"#1: Your dog is anxious or fearful","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Shaking or trembling are common signs of fear, anxiety, and stress in dogs. Causes are unique to your petâsome dogs tremble only at the veterinarian, while others start shaking the second a stranger looks their way. You can determine if your pet is stressed by looking for other clues, which may include:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Excessively wide or squinty eyes","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Turning, running away, or hiding from a perceived threat","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Panting or tension at the mouth corners","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Holding the ears back or tucking the tail","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Vocalizing","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Stressed dogs who are pushed beyond their limits may bite or snap out of fear. Remove them from the stressful situation and discuss behavior modification with your veterinarian, trainer, or veterinary behaviorist.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"#2: Your dog is excited","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"An overjoyed dog may tremble with excitement when they meet new people, greet you after a long day, or in anticipation of their favorite meal or treat. A happy, excited dog will hold their tail level and wag or happily wiggle their whole hind end, have a soft, relaxed facial expression, and approach people readily with a loose body.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"#3: Your dog is cold","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Shivering is a reflex mechanism designed to reduce body heat losses when petsâor peopleâbecome too cold. If youâre outside in cold weather and your dog begins to shake but stops when you go back inside, you can safely blame the cold. Small breeds, old or young dogs, dogs with short or thin fur, and thin dogs are more susceptible to cold and more likely to shiver after only a short time outside. Take your dog back inside as soon as you notice them shaking to prevent hypothermia.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"#4: Your dog is experiencing pain","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dogs hide their pain well, which can make identifying the source a challenge for pet owners and veterinarians. If pain is the source of your dogâs shaking, you will likely also notice other signs, including:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Tensing the painful area when approached","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Vocalizing with movement or touch","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Reluctance to move or eat","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Tense facial expression","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Panting","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Pain and anxiety can look similar, but your veterinarian can zero in on the source and determine the best treatment plan for your dog. If you think your pet is in severe pain, seek emergency veterinary treatment.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"#5: Your dog ingested a toxin","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Toxins that affect your dogâs nervous system, electrolyte levels, or blood sugar can cause them to tremble, shake, or develop seizures. Chocolate, xylitol, coffee, nicotine, and snail baits commonly cause these signs, which may be accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, letharg
1079y, or hyperactivity. These and other toxins can result in significant illness, organ damage, or death, and you must seek immediate veterinary care to save your dogâs life.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If you believe your dog ingested a toxin, contact your veterinarian, the ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":", or the ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.petpoisonhelpline.com/"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Pet Poison Helpline","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":".","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"#6: Your dog has a medical condition","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Shaking or tremors in dogs can indicate neurological or other diseases, including:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Epilepsy ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"â Seizures can present in different ways. Some dogs may have partial seizures that appear as a temporary tremor rather than a generalized, whole-body convulsion.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Brain or nerve disease ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"â Nerve dysfunction or brain tumors can change the way your pet moves and may cause them to tremor.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Electrolyte disorders ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"â Conditions such as kidney disease, parathyroid tumors, and Addisonâs disease, which alter calcium or potassium levels or cause significant dehydration, may result in shaking.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Infections ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"â Some infections, including rabies and distemper, attack the nervous system. These illnesses are often fatal, but both can be prevented with regular vaccinations.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Generalized tremor syndrome (GTS) ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"â Affected dogs develop tremors between 9 months and 2 years of age. The cause is unknown, but may be inflammatory or auto-immune in nature, because these dogs respond well to corticosteroids (i.e., medications with strong anti-inflammatory and immune modulating properties).","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What to do if your dog starts shaking","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your dog begins to shake uncharacteristically, develops other illness signs, or you suspect they ingested a toxin, you should seek urgent veterinary care through your primary veterinarian or a local emergency veterinary facility. Some shaking can have a serious cause, so practice the âbetter safe than sorryâ rule if you are worried about your dog.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Find an Ethos Veterinary Health ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.ethosvet.com/about-us/contact-us/"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"location near you","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" for emergency, specialty, and urgent care veterinary services to help diagnose and treat the underlying reason for your dogâs shaking.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"5ENd6QxFUqfQKrWx8XTcgE"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER Coastal - Blog - Dog-Golden-Closeup","title":null,"altText":"close up of dog's face smiling","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"NVA-Coastal-Dog-Close","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6HZ8F3WUMvl6ElONxyDoGf/602699f2695e0184e33e9d81b2fcfd85/NVA-Coastal-Dog-Close.jpg","size":968208,"width":3456,"height":2304,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Non-Toxic Flowers for Cats","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Non-Toxic Flowers for Cats","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"non-toxic-flowers-for-cats","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"With Motherâs Day around the corner and spring in full swing, you may gift a bouquet of flowers for mom, a loved one, or of course, yourself! ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"With Motherâs Day around the corner and spring in full swing, you may gift a bouquet of flowers for mom, a loved one, or of course, yourself! While it is exciting to look through flowers and be dazzled by the different colors and petals, it is important to remember that many flowers can be toxic to your pets if ingested.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"So, which flowers should you avoid, and which are a better substitute? We have you covered:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Flowers That Are Toxic to Pets","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"View, download, \u0026 save our PDF of ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.ethosvet.com/wp-content/uploads/toxic_plants-5-2022-1.pdf"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Toxic Flowers","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Lily","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"While Lilies look beautiful, they are extremely toxic to cats, with some versions being toxic to dogs as well. In cats, these plants can cause acute kidney failure. All parts of the plant are dangerous: petals, leaves, stem, and pollen. A tiny amount of any piece of a Lily can be fatal to cats. Because cats can jump and climb onto any space, it is recommended to opt for a pet safe flower instead of going for Lillies.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms of Lily toxicity include, but are not limited to: lethargy, vomiting, dehydration, and not urinating or urinating too frequently.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Tulip","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Tulips often grow in gardens outside of homes, but they are also used in bouquets and potted plants indoors. The toxicity from the Tulip comes mostly from the bulb of the plant, but the whole plant is considered toxic. If you are planning having tulips in or out of your home this year, it is extremely important to make sure that both dogs and cats do not have access to them, as the tulip can be fatal if ingested.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms of Tulip toxicity include, but are not limited to: diarrhea, dizziness, labored breathing, pain, and drooling.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Azalea","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"All parts of the Azalea plant are toxic, and can prove fatal if ingested by pets. Though Azaleas are normally planted outdoors, they are also common to find in small potted plants indoors. It is important to remember that cats can maneuver their way into any area of a home, so if Azaleas are on your list, plant them outdoors, taking precaution to dog proof the area as well.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms of Azalea toxicity include, but are not limited to: vomiting, diarrhea, trouble walking, letharg
1079y, and seizures.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Daffodil","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"These flowers can be very toxic to both dogs and cats. Daffodils, like Tulips, are toxic along the whole plant, but especially toxic in the bulb.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms of Daffodil toxicity include, but are not limited to: shivering, seizures, diarrhea, drooling, vomiting, nausea, and labored breathing.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Kalanchoe","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Ingestion of this houseplant may result in vomiting and diarrhea, but can cause an abnormal heart rhythm in rare cases. While this plant may not be as dangerous as others on this list, it is important to note to encourage pet owners to opt for a different houseplant, or to try their best to keep them out of reach of dogs and cats.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Hyacinth","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Hyacinth is in the same family as Tulips, which make their toxicity symptoms similar. They, too, are more toxic in the bulb, but are also toxic throughout the plant. Hyacinth flowers are known to be added to bouquets, so it is important to make sure that each flower included in a bouquet is safe for your pets.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms of Hyacinth toxicity include, but are not limited to: vomiting, diarrhea, drooling, and increased heart rate.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Carnation","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Carnations are toxic to not just dogs and cats, but horses as well! While this flower is known as a more mild toxicity, it is important to note that carnations can cause gastro-intestinal symptoms, as well as dermatological symptoms. Carnations should be placed in an area pets cannot access.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms of carnation toxicity include, but are not limited to: vomiting, diarrhea, and skin irritation.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Daisy","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Daisies are toxic to both dogs and cats. While the daisies that are yellow in the middle and have white petals should be kept away from your pets, Gerbera daisies (an entirely different species of plant) are safe. Be sure when buying daisie
1079s that you differentiate between the two, and go with the safest option for your pet.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms of daisy toxicity include, but are not limited to: vomiting, diarrhea, trouble walking, and skin irritation.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Flowers That Are Safe For Pets","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"View, download, \u0026 save our PDF of ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.ethosvet.com/wp-content/uploads/petsafe_plants-5-2022-1.pdf"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Non-Toxic Flowers","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"African Violet","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"For those who are fans of the African Violetâs vibrant colors, youâre in luck! These flowers are non-toxic for both cats and dogs. African violets come in a variety of colors, and are relatively low maintenance given the right soil and light conditions. So, if you ever catch your pets sniffing around this flower, donât worry, theyâll be safe.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Roses","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Roses are always a great choice to gift to a loved one. If youâve had roses in your home before, you know that after some time, their petals will fall and cover your floor and/or table. Even though it could cause a bit of a mess, you can rest easy knowing that roses are non-toxic for cats and dogs. If they happen to get into a petal that has fallen off, theyâll be perfectly fine!","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Sunflower","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Sunflowers are a favorite for summer time photos and perfect for brightening up the home. They are also non-toxic to cats and dogs, which is why they are a great gift for a loved one with furry friends! Sunflowers need plenty of water, so be ready to stay diligent while you care for them.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Orchid","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Orchids, as well as their family members in the Orchidaceae family, are non-toxic to pets and safe to have in the home! Feel free to keep them around the house, or to give as gifts. Another plus, they are a surprisingly low-maintenance plant.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Zinnias","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Zinnias are vibrant flowers that come in a variety of colors including pink, red, purple, white, yellow, orange, and even green! They also happen to be non-toxic to pets. They are easy to grow from seed, and would be a great addition to your pet-safe garden!","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Asters","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Asters are beautiful, pet-safe flowers that you can have in your home or grow in your garden. With colors ranging from pink, blue, and white, they are perfect for someone looking for colorful flowers this spring, or if your fall garden needs some flowers, there are autumn blooming aster varieties as well. It is important to note that asters must be watered at the base, without damage being done to the petals.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Complete List","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"It may be confusing to differentiate between toxic and non-toxic flowers and plants when you are looking to expand your garden or gift a bouquet to a friend or family member. A great resource for choosing non-toxic flowers is the ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"ASPCA website.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"6PuUTLllxHQfV5S5PpfSpq"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER Nature - Cat","title":null,"altText":"White cat outside hiding behind pink flowers","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"NVA - MASTER Nature - Cat ","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3NDEyKAHPn0OnsuIXDQ9s1/8ad051235cc4c43bae74d273632011c1/AdobeStock_176376445.jpeg","size":3564334,"width":4080,"height":2968,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Feline Lymphoma","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Feline Lymphoma","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"feline-lymphoma","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Lymphoma is a cancer of a specific white blood cell called the lymphocyte. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Feline Lymphoma","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Lymphoma is a cancer of a specific white blood cell called the lymphocyte. Lymphocytes are the major cells found in lymph nodes. The lymph system is found in blood and tissues throughout the body; it is a network of vessels and nodes through which foreign proteins and disease organisms are circulated. Lymphocytes have a number of roles in the immune system, including the production of antibodies and other substances that fight infection and disease.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"With lymphoma the cancer cells invade and destroy normal tissues. In cats, lymphoma cells (like lymphocytes) can grow anywhere in the body, but there are certain sites that are more commonly affected by lymphoma than others (such as the GI tract, mediastinum, and lymph nodes). As the disease progresses, lymphoma can affect other organs in the body. Signs of general malaise (i. e. lethargy, decreased appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea) progress and ultimately results in death..","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"DIAGNOSIS","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A cat with lymphoma may demonstrate only very vague problems. Progressive lack of appetite, lethargy and weight loss are among the most common. Depending on which organs are affected, other signs such as chronic diarrhea, vomiting and difficulty in breathing may occur. Many diseases can cause similar symptoms, and as with any problem, diagnosis should be based on examination by your veterinarian and appropriate tests.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Diagnosis of lymphoma in cats is based on a series of observations and tests. A physical exam may reveal swellings in the lymph nodes or the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract). Diagnostic imaging may show tumors or swellings in other internal organs. Testing for Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) may reveal that a cat is positive for one of these diseases, which increases the likelihood that they could develop feline lymphoma. A chemistry panel and complete blood count (CBC) may reveal particular organ involvement. Fine needle aspirates or biopsies are often diagnostic for feline lymphoma. In some cases surgery may be recommended for confirmation of diagnosis and as a possible initial treatment.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"FORMS OF FELINE LYMPHOMA","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Feline lymphoma has several different forms. In all forms, the tumors consist of abnormal proliferation of lymphoid tissue. Because lymphocytes and lymph tissue are found throughout the body, lymphoma can appear almost anywhere and affect a wide number of organs. However, lymphoma most commonly appears in three parts of the body. The location is often associated with the cause of the lymphoma and will influence the symptoms, treatment, and prognosis:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"The multicentric form ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"generally involves multiple lymph nodes and possibly multiple organs. This form is more closely associated with feline leukemia and the prognosis is not as good if the cat is feline leukemia positive.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"The mediastinal form ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"has historically also been associated with feline leukemia, although recently we are seeing more cats with this type of lymphoma that do not have feline leukemia. This form is found in the chest cavity and will affect the thymus and associated lymph nodes.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"The alimentary form ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"affects the digestive tract and surrounding lymph nodes. This form is least likely to be associated with feline leukemia. Alimentary (intestinal) lymphoma is the most common form of lymphoma in cats. The average patient is a senior cat (9-13 years) with a history of vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, inappetance or any combination of the above.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In addition to different body sites that can be affected, lymphoma can be categorized by the type of cells of which it is composed. In general there are two main types of lymphoma:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"high grade (or large cell) lymphoma","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"low grade (or small cell) lymphoma","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"These two types of lymphoma vary in behavior so a definitive diagnosis will affect the treatment recommendation.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Treatment \u0026 Prognosis","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"HIGH GRADE LYMPHOMA","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Treatment for high grade feline lymphoma usually consists of chemotherapy; a combination of drugs including L-asparaginase, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone are administered over several weeks. During the course of treatment white and red blood cell numbers are closely monitored. In a few isolated cases (where the tumor is localized and easily accessible) surgery or radiation therapy may be used. An actual mass may develop with intestinal lymphoma or a tumor may be more infiltrative. An actual mass can potentially cause obstruction in the intestine and lead to a crisis that must be promptly resolved with surgery.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The goal of chemotherapy for animals with lymphoma is to induce a complete âremissionâ, by killing most of the cancer cells. âRemissionâ means that all symptoms of the cancer have temporarily disappeared. Tests on animals with lymphoma that are in complete remission can have normal results. A cat in remission will not have any signs of cancer, and all masses or lumps will have disappeared. They eat, drink, and run just as they did before they developed cancer.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Complete remission is achieved in 50-75% of cats, but cats that achieve only partial remission also feel better according to owners.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The average survival for cats is 6 â 9 months, but the length of remission depends on several factors. These include","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The primary site of the cancer","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"How sick an animal is at the start of treatment","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The feline leukemia status: Cats that test positive for FeLV or FIV have a lower rate of response to therapy, as well as a shorter average survival time when treated.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"How quickly the tumor is diagnosed (and treated)","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The extent of disease","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Some of the cancer cells do survive in an animal in complete remission, but the numbers of these cells are too small to detect. Eventually, these few cells will grow and the cancer will become evident again. When this happens the animal is said to be âout of remissionâ. When lymphoma returns, remission may be re-established in most cats by changing the chemotherapy protocol to a new set of chemotherapy drugs. Eventually, the cancer cells will become resistant or insensitive to all drugs and the cancer will no longer respond to therapy. A small percentage of cats that respond will go into a more complete remission that can last for 2 years or longer. This potential response is encouraging and is the reason that treatment for lymphoma in cats is so highly recommended.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Cats with lymphoma who are not treated with chemotherapy have an average survival time of 4 weeks once the diagnosis has been made.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Cats with intestinal lymphoma who are treated with prednisone alone have a life expectancy of 60-90 days.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Other protocols using multiple drugs yield significantly better results.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Keep in mind that these numbers represent average values. Each cat is an individual and will respond to treatment differently. The term âcureâ refers to the permanent removal of all traces of tumor such that no further treatment is needed. In effect, it is a permanent state of remission. While this is a possibility, it is more constructive and realistic to focus on increasing quality of life. In general, approximately 50-70% of cats will respond to chemotherapy treatment.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"It is important to understand that despite how localized a tumor appears to be, simply removing the mass will not be curative. Surgical removal does not significantly add to the survival time achieved by chemotherapy. It is rare to cure lymphoma. Chemotherapy increases the chances of long-term survival and, in most, will extend the quantity and quality of life.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"LOW GRADE LYMPHOMA","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Low grade (small cell) lymphoma occurs most commonly in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of cats. The behavior of low grade lymphoma is different than large cell lymphoma in that it has a more indolent course; it grows more slowly. Given this, different chemotherapy drugs are used in its treatment. Typically, oral chemotherapy drugs (chlorambucil and prednisolone) are used. Most cats (85-90%) will respond to treatment, however it may be a few weeks before we start to see a response in some cats. Survival times with treatment for cats with low grade lymphoma average about 1.5-2 years.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"SIDE EFFECTS OF TREATMENT (BOTH FORMS OF LYMPHOMA)","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The exact drugs and schedule will depend upon how aggressively the cancer is behaving, how sick an animal is at the start of treatment, and any abnormalities in organ function (changes in liver and kidney function are especially important). Some of the drugs are given as an injection and some are given orally (this can generally be done at home).","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Toxicities can occur (10% risk) with chemotherapy but are generally mild. Most cats will tolerate chemotherapy well and have minimal side effects. Veterinary chemotherapy is designed to extend a petâs life as long as possible while maintaining a good quality of life. As a result, the undesirable side effects normally associated with human chemotherapy are both less common and less severe in animals.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Side effects such as nausea and anorexia are occasionally noted, however the most common side effect is bone marrow suppression. In 1-2
1079% of patients this can lead to life-threatening infections that require hospitalization. While whiskers are commonly lost, animals on chemotherapy do not experience substantial hair loss. Unfortunately, the only way to know whether an animal is going to have a drug reaction is to administer the drug. Some cats never get sick during chemotherapy, while others are very sensitive to the drugs. If your cat has a serious reaction, the drugs or doses he or she receives may be individually adjusted to maintain a good quality of life.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"As an owner, you can help your cat with lymphoma by watching him or her closely after each treatment. Chemotherapy may suppress your catâs white blood cell production and make him or her more susceptible to infections. These infections generally arise from bacteria that normally live in the intestinal tract, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and on the skin (not from the environment). Signs of an infection may include loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased activity, or depression. Call your veterinarian immediately if your cat appears ill while receiving chemotherapy. These signs are usually only brief reactions to the drugs, but prompt treatment can often prevent more serious side effects from developing.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"AM I MAKING THE RIGHT DECISION?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The most essential aspect of cancer therapy is that you feel as comfortable as possible with your decision. There are no right or wrong answers, and each situation is different. What is right for one cat and their owner may be unacceptable to another family. If chemotherapy is not an option, either financially, logistically or philosophically, please strongly consider treatment with prednisone. This can significantly improve quality of life, is inexpensive, has few significant side effects, and is an oral medication. Weekly rechecks are not necessary but monthly visits to your regular veterinarian are recommended.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If you have any questions or need help making the best decision for you and your cat, please let us know.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"8BpDvG0DrkzkGYd71m9DN"},"name":"[SH] IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER Coastal - Blog - Cat-Sitting-Rocks-Ocean","title":null,"altText":"Fluffy orange cat sitting on some rocks at the ocean.","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"NVA - MASTER Coastal - Blog - Cat-Sitting-Rocks-Ocean","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/7qv8YC1ET55iiUQ2d7AD6f/6fdf008ac8ac9f3649ac3b5c084e7db9/NVA-Cat-Rock.png","size":740276,"width":1366,"height":400,"contentType":"image/png"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"What To Do If Your Dog Has A Hot Spot: Causes \u0026 Treatments","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - What To Do If Your Dog Has A Hot Spot: Causes \u0026 Treatments","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"what-to-do-if-your-dog-has-a-hot-spot-causes-treatments","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The term âhot spotâ is often used when people outside the veterinary profession talk about dog skin problems. However, most of the skin issues clients think are âhot spotsâ, really arenât.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The term âhot spotâ is often used when people outside the veterinary profession talk about dog skin problems. However, most of the skin issues clients think are âhot spotsâ, really arenât.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What is a Hot Spot?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In medical jargon, a hot spot is called pyotraumatic dermatitis. True hot spots are patches of very inflamed, painful, and moist skin. They often develop rapidly, sometimes in less than an hour, due to intense scratching. As the inflamed skin oozes, the surrounding hair sticks tight over the area creating an ideal environment for bacteria to grow. The inflammation involved causes the skin to become warm, which is why they are called âhot spots.â A foul odor produced by bacterial infection is typically the last symptom to develop. This is because hot spots are not actually caused by bacteria on the skin, they are caused by allergy, however, any stimulus which causes a dog to scratch intensely at one location can result in a hot spot.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"HOW ARE HOT SPOTS AND PUSTULES DIFFERENT?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Compared to hot spots, pustules are smaller, less painful, less smelly, and less obvious. In most cases, pustules are caused by a bacterial infection in or on the skin. Pustules typically start very small and are difficult to see. Compared to human pimples, canine pustules are easily broken and rarely seen. When pustules break, the bacteria and debris spill out. As this material dries, it forms a crust which traps the surrounding hairs and irritates the skin, causing a rough circular ring of redness. When the crust falls off, it removes the hair with it, leaving a small, but obvious, hairless area. Pustules often result in itching but are rarely painful, unlike hot spots.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"HOW ARE HOT SPOTS AND PUSTULES TREATED?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Hot spots must be cleaned gently with an antiseptic in a veterinary hospital. The hair surrounding the hot spot usually needs to be shaved to prevent it from covering the wound and becoming matted with discharge. Many dogs are in so much pain that they must be sedated prior to hot spot cleaning. After cleaning, the Veterinarian will typically prescribe an oral antibiotic. Oral pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs might be dispensed as well. In contrast, pustules are often treated at home with an antiseptic shampoo. Oral antibiotics may be necessary depending on the severity of the pustules and the patientâs history. In both situations, the underlying cause should be investigated in order to reduce the risk of recurrence. Allergic dermatitis is the most common underlying cause of both pustules and hot spots.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What should I watch for at home during treatment?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"You should see a reduction in itching and discomfort for both hot spots and pustules. If a foul infection odor was observed before, it should resolve and not return. If new spots develop, you should call your veterinarian immediately. If your pet is scratching and licking their skin at home, a cone can help to stop them before you can visit a veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What follow-up is needed?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Taking your dog back to your veterinarian for a recheck exam is an important part of the treatment plan. During this exam, your Veterinarian will determine if the infection has resolved and if any new areas of concern are developing. He or she may also feel this is the right time to investigate the underlying cause of the hot spot or pustules.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If you believe your pet may have a hot spot, making an appointment with your veterinarian is the best way to get them the treatment they need.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"Written by Dr. Darin Dell, DACVD","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"1nWS2H4WqC31sRTuza2cMo"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - OUTDOOR - Dog Lying on Grass Next to a Plant Pot Outside","title":null,"altText":"A Brown Dog Lying on Grass Next to a Plant Pot Outside","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - OUTDOOR - Dog Lying on Grass Next to a Plant Pot Outside","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/5qAQpboCMLT5Ltm2BJqdGF/5c3c1a63c06c2a925b0d7dee717545a4/iStock-1330460234-1200x800.jpg","size":194391,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Getting Through My Dogâs Heartworm Treatment","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Getting Through My Dogâs Heartworm Treatment","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"getting-through-my-dog-heartworm-treatment","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"My poor Callie has had a rough start at domestic life.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"My poor Callie has had a rough start at domestic life. Her first year with us included a whole spay debacle, a few ear/eye infections, diarrhea episodes, and a foreign body scare. She was what they call a âfrequent flyerâ at Bulger.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"At last, things seemed to be clearing up and I was looking forward to her first smooth-sailing healthy annual exam the following summer.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"This day has yet to come.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Diagnosing Heartworm: How Callie Was Infected","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"In July 2019 at her yearly exam, Callieâs veterinarian at Bulger Veterinary Hospital came back into the room with the results of her ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.idexx.com/en/veterinary/snap-tests/snap-heartworm-rt-test/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"SNAP Heartworm RT Test","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":": positive.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"I was shocked! We had been so good about giving Callie monthly heartworm prevention since we adopted her. So how did this happen?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"RESCUE DOGS \u0026 HEARTWORM","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Heartworm has a lag time. When a dog is bitten by a mosquito with heartworm, it takes 6-7 months for the larvae to mature into adult heartworms and appear positive in a heartworm test. Callie tested negative for heartworm at the rescue right before we adopted her, but she was likely infected too soon before for it to show up on her test. This is why many veterinarians recommend getting your new rescue dog re-tested for heartworm 6 months after bringing them home. Itâs becoming more common to see heartworm positive cases in these Southern rescue dogs!","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"I was also so caught off guard because Callie had shown no symptoms of having heartworm disease such as coughing, fatigue while exercising, decreased appetite, or weight loss. She was her normal, high-energy self! But there is such a thing as asymptomatic cases which is why it is so, so important to get your dog tested every year.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"So we began what I call Callieâs heartworm journey. Now, Melarsomine is the only drug approved for use against adult heartworms and is the only treatment recommended by the ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.heartwormsociety.org/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"American Heartworm Society","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" currently. However, there are other options being researched, such as the Moxidectin-Doxycycline (âMoxi-Doxyâ) protocol.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"First Try: Moxi-Doxy","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The âmoxi-doxyâ protocol is a
1079newer treatment option that is still being researched. The way it works is your dog is on an oral antibiotic called Doxycycline for 30 days and you begin applying a specific heartworm preventative, ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.1800petmeds.com/Advantage+Multi-prod10945.html"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Advantage Multi","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":", once a month at home. Over time, the heartworms are killed usually within a few months. Most specialists recommend avoiding strenuous activity for the first few months of treatment.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"I opted for this option for Callie knowing that it wasnât guaranteed to work, but it was much cheaper and less side effects.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"THE LONG WAIT","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Those 10 months were the longest 10 years of my life. Callie is a mutt, but has a good amount of Border Collie in her. I had severely underestimated how important off-leash exercise and dog playtime was for her. So needless to say, those 10 months were tough for everyoneâs sanity. Brain games and puzzle toys can only get you so far with a dog who lives to run.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"But alas, we eventually made it and it was time to re-test her. I didnât really have a good feeling about it, and my feeling was right: she came back positive still.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Note: When Callie started this treatment two years ago, it was still being recommended to keep the dog on an exercise restriction the entire time and re-test after 10 months. More recent publications and studies now recommend only a few months of exercise restriction and re-testing after 15 months of treatment. If we had waited 5 more months to re-test her, perhaps she would have come back negative, perhaps not. Thatâs the risk you take with an emerging treatment option. Medicine is always changing! ","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Second Try: Melarsomine","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"So it was about a year later that we started all over. It was time for the 3-dose melarsomine protocol as recommended by the AHS:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"ordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"30 days of Doxycycline.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"At the end of 30 days, dog goes to hospital and receives 1 melarsomine injection and stays overnight for monitoring. Dog starts exercise restriction.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"30 days after the first injection, dog receives 2 melarsomine injections 24 hours apart and stays in hospital for 2 nights.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dog remains on exercise restriction for 8 more weeks.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"6 months after last injection, dog is re-tested for heartworm.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"So after another round of Doxycycl
1079ine for good measure (thank goodness for peanut butter), Callie went back to Bulger for her first melarsomine (a.k.a. immiticide) injection. Melarsomine is an anti-parasitic medication that is injected into the muscle of the dog. Itâs generally quite painful and causes a lot of soreness. Callie got her injection that morning, along with some strong anxiety medications to keep my nervous girl as calm and comfortable as possible. She stayed overnight with the ICU team for monitoring to make sure she didnât have any serious reactions, and I was able to pick her up the next morning.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Her recovery from the first injection was pretty smooth: she was very sleepy and dazed, and napped just about the whole day. Her leg seemed a bit sore too. By the following day, she was bright and alert and ready to play! Which she couldnât. This time, we were on a much stricter short leash walks-only exercise restriction until her next two treatments. She probably thought we were the most unfair, evil parents ever. No evening walkies up the street? How dare we!? If only I could talk to her.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"TIPS FOR KEEPING MY ENERGETIC DOG CALM","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.amazon.com/NEEDOON-Interactive-Encourages-Foraging-Dispenser/dp/B07N1JYYCW/ref=asc_df_B07N1JYYCW/?tag=hyprod-20\u0026linkCode=df0\u0026hvadid=343238636807\u0026hvpos=\u0026hvnetw=g\u0026hvrand=3621119788695500879\u0026hvpone=\u0026hvptwo=\u0026hvqmt=\u0026hvdev=c\u0026hvdvcmdl=\u0026hvlocint=\u0026hvlocphy=9001882\u0026hvtargid=pla-699621345313\u0026psc=1\u0026tag=\u0026ref=\u0026adgrpid=68618425906\u0026hvpone=\u0026hvptwo=\u0026hvadid=343238636807\u0026hvpos=\u0026hvnetw=g\u0026hvrand=3621119788695500879\u0026hvqmt=\u0026hvdev=c\u0026hvdvcmdl=\u0026hvlocint=\u0026hvlocphy=9001882\u0026hvtargid=pla-699621345313"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"snuffle mat","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" (which I hid a few of her kibbles in)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"lots of Kong treat toys (I filled hers with peanut butter, froze it overnight, and gave it to her the next day)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"what I call her âchewiesâ (","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.amazon.com/Virbac-Enzymatic-Hygiene-Chews-Medium/dp/B0812LTR6B/ref=asc_df_B0812LTR6B/?tag=hyprod-20\u0026linkCode=df0\u0026hvadid=407477783232\u0026hvpos=\u0026hvnetw=g\u0026hvrand=4108251935138199501\u0026hvpone=\u0026hvptwo=\u0026hvqmt=\u0026hvdev=c\u0026hvdvcmdl=\u0026hvlocint=\u0026hvlocphy=9001882\u0026hvtargid=pla-851610327728\u0026psc=1\u0026tag=\u0026ref=\u0026adgrpid=90097999867\u0026hvpone=\u0026hvptwo=\u0026hvadid=407477783232\u0026hvpos=\u0026hvnetw=g\u0026hvrand=4108251935138199501\u0026hvqmt=\u0026hvdev=c\u0026hvdvcmdl=\u0026hvlocint=\u0026hvlocphy=9001882\u0026hvtargid=pla-851610327728"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"CET Enzymatic oral hygiene chews","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":")","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"These puzzle toys all helped keep Callieâs brain busy, but honestly it was no replacement for the exercise she needed. I kept these on a rotating schedule so each day she got something different, and at the very least it did help with her frustration and anxiety. I will say be careful of how many treats youâre giving your dog though! Since theyâre not exercising, this could cause some weight gain (in Callieâs case it did; we just had to exercise a bit more when all this was over.)","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"THE TOUGHEST PART","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"One month later, she went back to Bulger for her final two injections. She received one that morning, stayed overnight, and received another the next morning. Normally, itâs recommended that they stay 2 nights, but based on how she was doing her doctor okâd her going home that afternoon instead. I was so excited to bring her home and let her rest c
1079omfortably in her own bed!","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"This was by far the toughest part of her heartworm treatment. She started her diarrhea tirade in the back seat of my car on the way home. RIP to that dog car seat cover. The next 48 hours were challenging: she was mentally in another world, in pain, didnât want to eat, and had uncontrollable liquid diarrhea every couple hours. She slept a lot but couldnât seem to get comfortable. She wasnât herself and all I could do was be there for her, shove pain meds down her throat, and tell her that she was going to be okay.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"And we got through it! Slowly but surely, she came back to this planet and her leg seemed less sore. She began eating little by little and got back to her normal self. Weâre still not sure if the GI upset was a reaction or just her nerves from being in the hospital for so long, but it was all cleared up (thank you, Metronidazole) within a week.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Heartworm Recovery: The Long Wait","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Weâre actually still waiting on her final result! She will be re-tested in June to confirm that sheâs negative, thus ending her heartworm journey. Iâll update this post as soon as we know!","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"After her 8-week rest period, we slowly increased her exercise from short leash walks, to longer walks, to off leash play and fetch. Weâve all been much happier ever since.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"UPDATE JUNE 2021: Callie tested negative for heartworm at her annual exam! Her heartworm journey is officially over.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"About Heartworm","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Heartworm is a devastating disease transmitted from mosquito bites. The worms themselves are called ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dirofilaria immitis,","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" parasites that invade the heart and blood vessels and grow up to 14 inches long (ew!) They can cause lung disease, heart failure, long-term organ damage, or sudden death in dogs, cats, and ferrets.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The exercise restriction during melarsomine treatment is so important. As the heartworms die, they float around in the bloodstream and lodge in the walls of blood vessels. If your dog exercises too hard, the fragments can get shoved into narrowing blood vessels potentially causing a blockage/embolism and even death.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Heartworm prevention is critical and plentiful! There are tons of oral and topical options out there on the market to fit your budget and lifestyle. Talk to your veterinarian to find out which is best for you.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Coming from a pet owner who went through this, you donât want this. Itâs a long treatment protocol, cost us $1,500+, Callie has missed out on lots of adventures, and thereâs a possibly of her having long-term damage. Keep your dog on monthly heartworm preventative all year round, put it in your calendar, and donât miss/skip a dose. And if youâre rescuing a dog, talk to your veterinarian about re-testing them for heartworm.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Heartworm Resources","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your pet has been diagnosed with heartworm, here are some resources to check out:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.heartwormsociety.org/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"American Heartworm Society","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGb_BGSMp_k"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Our PAWEDcast episode on Heartworms","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.facebook.com/groups/1612978602255506/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Heartworm Positive Doggy Mom/Dad Support Group","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Written by RACHAEL GILLIS","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"6WTvHeD83L5v5lS01JbIe4"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - BLOG - Getting Through My Dogâs Heartworm Treatment - Ethos Blogs - Callie ","title":null,"altText":"Callie and her monkey toy","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - BLOG - Getting Through My Dogâs Heartworm Treatment - Ethos Blogs - Callie ","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/1iImyJh2BmRjrIAXwBiIZX/0e501ae0b266ac52d9aa006d5172c731/IMAGE_-_BLOG_-_Getting_Through_My_Dog_s_Heartworm_Treatment_-_Ethos_Blogs.jpg","size":299463,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Pet Emergencies: What Can and Canât Wait","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Pet Emergencies: What Can and Canât Wait","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"pet-emergencies-what-can-and-cannot-wait","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Cats and dogs can have a variety of symptoms that may or may not need immediate evaluation and treatment by a veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs \u0026 Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Cats and dogs can have a variety of symptoms that may or may not need immediate evaluation and treatment by a veterinarian. It is helpful to know which cases need to be seen right away vs. which ones can wait until the next day or until an appointment can be made with their primary care veterinarian.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Please note:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"This list is not exhaustive, nor can any one pet be definitively diagnosed based on one-line descriptions as provided below.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Before making any determination to keep your pet home or to bring them to the ER, please call a veterinarian for advice (or Poison Control when appropriate).","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"It is always better to err on the side of caution. If you are at all concerned that your pet needs to be seen despite the possible minor or benign symptoms that are being described, never hesitate to just bring your pet to be seen at an emergency veterinary hospital.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Go to the ER","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The following symptoms are possible signs of a true emergency and should be evaluated by a veterinarian right away.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"1. TROUBLE BREATHING","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Defined as a respiratory rate of 50 breaths per minute or greater that is NOT panting","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Open-mouth breathing in a cat is always considered an emergency","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Exaggerated, loud, or noisy breathing in brachycephalic cats or dogs that is new (smushy-faced breeds)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Abdominal heaving noted with every breath","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Neck extended to breathe","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"2. WEAKNESS, STAGGERING, SHAKING, \u0026 MOBILITY ISSUES","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Sudden and profound weakness or collapse","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Inability to walk or suddenly staggering as if drunk or unsteady on their feet, sudden trouble going up or down the stairs","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{}
1079,"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Acting disoriented and/or mentally âoffâ or inappropriate","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Shaking abnormally, restless, pacing, inability to get comfortable or rest","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Seizures or tremors","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Sudden limping or loss of motor function in one or more limbs â ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"ESPECIALLY ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"in a cat","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"3. INAPPROPRIATE URINATING, DEFECATING, DIARRHEA, AND VOMITING","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Straining to defecate or urinate- ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"ESPECIALLY","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"Â in male cats","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"No urinations noted in more than 24 hours","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Diarrhea that has progressed to pure liquid, blood, or black and has happened 2 or more times in 24 hours with loss of appetite and/or decreased energy and/or vomiting","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Retching/trying to vomit without producing anything; or distension of the abdomen where it is noticeably larger and more firm and/or tense than usual","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Vomiting 3 or more times in a 24 hour period with loss of appetite and/or decreased energy and/or concurrent diarrhea","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"4. BLEEDING, WOUNDS, \u0026 TRAUMA","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Ongoing bleeding- ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"ESPECIALLY ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"bleeding that occurs with every heartbeat (i.e. spurting)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Bite or puncture wounds along the neck, chest, or abdomen","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Severe trauma such as being hit by a car, falling from a high surface, being stepped on","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"5. ABNORMAL APPEARANCES OR BEHAVIOR (SKIN, GUMS, EYES, AND NOISES)","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"White or blue gums in presence of acting lethargic or weak","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Sudden appearance of bruises along the body without any history of trauma","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Excruciating pain or vocalizing","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Facial swelling or hives","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Bulging eyes or sudden blindness","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Squinting eyes suddenly","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Fever at home (temperature \u003e 102.8) in presence of other symptoms (ie letharg
1079y, anorexia for \u003e 24 hours, etc.)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"6. SUSPECTED EXPOSURE TO ANY TOXIN OR MEDICATION","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Always call Poison Control first!","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Xylitol â dogs","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Lilies â cats","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Grapes/raisins â dogs","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Chocolate (dose dependent) â cats and dogs","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Antifreeze â cats and dogs","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Insulin overdose","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Over the counter OR prescribed medication that has not been specifically prescribed for your pet â call Poison Control for advice on whether pet needs to be seen","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"human medications such as Tylenol (acetaminophen) can be safe for humans but deadly for cats","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Rodenticide/rat poison","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"May Be Safe to Wait for Appointment","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The following are symptoms that MAY be safe to wait until morning to see your regular vet or an urgent care vet, or can see an emergency hospital if the symptoms have not improved by the next day.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"CAUTION: no single symptom can be universally be defined as a true emergency or non-emergency without a veterinarian to evaluate the patient directly. If you are at all concerned or unsure of how serious your petâs symptoms may be, always err on the side of caution and have them evaluated sooner than later.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Coughing ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"without signs of labored breathing and able to rest (i.e. cough is not affecting quality of life at home)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Sneezing, ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"runny nose","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Not eating ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"anything for less than 24 hours","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Vomiting once or twice ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"within 24 hours but acting normal","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"One or two episodes of diarrhea ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"within 24 hours but acting normal","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Limping ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"(NOTE- some forms of lameness are more serious than others, espeically in adult cats, so please call a veterinarian depending on more specific details pertaining to your pet at the time)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Itchy skin or ears","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":", or thickness/fluid pocket within an ear","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Can Be Safely Monitored at Home ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Some symptoms can be safely monitored at home, treated at home, or can wait several days to see a veterinarian. Again, this list is not exhaustive, and sometimes seemingly minor symptoms can be a sign of a more serious problem. Please always ask the advice of a veterinarian prior to making decisions about waiting to have your pet seen. Below is a list of symptoms that have more specific recommendations based on condition:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Torn toenail ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"with minor to no bleeding","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Small wound ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"or abrasion","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"New lumps ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"or bumps identified on your pet (that do not resemble hives which is an emergency)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Ticks ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"found on your pet â this does NOT need to be seen by a veterinarian and can be gently removed via tweezers","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Fleas","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Worms seen in stool ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"in absence of other clinical signs (especially in puppies, kittens, and outdoor cats)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"You know your pet and if you see anything out of the ordinary, please donât he
1079sitate to call or go to your veterinarian or the nearest ER. We hope you wonât need our ER services but if you do, we are here.","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Know Before You Go","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Below is our ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"Patient Severity Index","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" that our emergency teams use when evaluating \u0026 triaging a patient and determining which pets must be seen first. Pets at Level 1 would be seen immediately, and pets at Level 5 will likely experience longer wait times at the ER.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/7ImoPnzZSvay352UYJ3nCy/b2655dcbe1e1a8dacc336d364deebb79/PSI-graphic-for-email-and-online_Graphic-scaled.jpg"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"\u003eClick here to view our Patient Severity Index","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"You can view the below form in PDF format by downloading the free ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://get.adobe.com/reader/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Adobe Acrobat reader","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":". ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"tN331GLxPzDON5u5aF4ZV"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - 60-40 - HOME - Brown Dog Cuddling Orange Cat","title":null,"altText":"Brown Dog Cuddling Orange Cat","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - 60-40 - HOME - Brown Dog Cuddling Orange Cat","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6OQcqn39032E26dJhyazOQ/d5be5c8e6ed3241feca2999212fd6175/NVA_-_MASTER_-_60-40_-_HOME_-_Brown_Dog_Cuddling_Orange_Cat.jpg","size":220669,"width":920,"height":580,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV) ⦠or âbloatâ","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV) ⦠or âbloatâ","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"gastric-dilatation-volvulus","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The German Shepherd Dog, originating in Germany in the 1880s, was bred to be a multipurpose working dog. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The Breed","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The German Shepherd Dog, originating in Germany in the 1880s, was bred to be a multipurpose working dog. The German Shepherd has played many roles over the years including, among others: herding sheep, military field work, search and rescue, guide dog and police dog. German Shepherds have been popular in America since the early 1900s and have remained on the American Kennel Clubâs most popular list for many years; they have been in the top five for the last ten years. Some well known German Shepherds include Rin Tin Tin, Roy Rogerâs Bullet, and Buddy, the nationâs first Seeing Eye Dog.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV) Diagnosis","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A common ailment among German Shepherds is bloat, or gastric dilatation volvulus (GDV). This is a life threatening condition where the stomach rotates on its axis, cutting off the passage of food and water, and inhibiting circulation to the stomach and intestines. Bloat generally occurs in large, deep-chested dogs such as Great Danes, German Shepherds, Standard Poodles, Weimaraners, Saint Bernards, and Newfoundlands but has been seen in small dogs on rare occasions.  It is a very serious condition that occurs when a dogâs stomach fills with gas and then rotates causing further distention and a series of severe complications.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Patients typically present with non-productive retching, restlessness and abdominal discomfort. The first signs of bloat may include a distended stomach, retching, or dry heaving. A distended abdomen may not always be noticeable due to the dogâs conformation. If these symptoms are seen, immediate medical attention must be sought! The cause of the GDV is unknown, it is thought to have multiple contributing factors.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"How Do Dogs Get Bloat or GDV?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"That is the million-dollar question. No one knows the exact cause of why bloat happens; however large breed, deep chested dogs are more likely to bloat than other breeds. Older dogs are also more commonly seen with âbloatâ than younger dogs. In some cases, eating or drinking large amounts and then being active is thought to cause bloat. There is also thought that eating out of elevated food dishes may increase chances of GDV as dogs may
1079swallow more air when eating. Unfortunately, there are times when dogs present with bloat with no predisposing cause; and, although it is much less common, small breed dogs can also suffer from GDV or âbloatâ.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":" FACTORS SUSPECTED TO INCREASE THE RISK OF BLOAT","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Feeding one meal per day","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Breed of dog","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Eating rapidly","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Feeding a dry diet","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Sex of dog: Male dogs seem to be at a higher risk","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Age: Older dogs, between the ages of 7-12 years, seem to be at a higher risk","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Exercising immediately after a meal","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"FACTORS SUSPECTED TO DECREASE THE RISK OF BLOAT","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Feeding canned dog food","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Feeding two or more meals per day","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"No exercise for several hours after a meal","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What Does Bloat Look Like?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dogs with bloat can be restless and unable to get comfortable or lay down. They will hyper salivate/drool and try to vomit but nothing will come out. They can have very distended abdomens that can be very painful. They may also have very fast heart rates and changes in breathing. In severe cases, they may collapse or be unable to stand. It is very important that if you see any of these signs that you have your dog evaluated by a veterinarian immediately. As veterinarians we understand that each dog can show different variations of these signs; if there is any concern an owner can always call a veterinary clinic and ask their opinion.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"WHY IS BLOAT AN EMERGENCY?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Bloat sets off a cascade of damaging events to the body. As the stomach fills with air it expands and starts to cut off blood returning to the heart. The expansion of the stomach then puts pressure on the diaphragm, making it difficult for the dog to breath. The stomach then starts to rotate cutting off the blood supply to the stomach. When the stomach rotates it can entrap the spleen and thus cause damage or cut off blood supply to the spleen and even rupture blood vessels. All of these changes lead to the dog going into shock. Blood pressure drops, arrhythmias and internal bleeding can occur as well as sepsis. Unfortunately, death can occur in a matter of hours if bloat goes undetected and untreated. All of these changes happen very quickly, which is why it is so important for an owner to recognize the signs of bloat and get them to a veterinarian as soon as possible.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Treatment","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Emergency veterinary medical attention must be sought for treatment of bloat. Unfortunately, there is nothing that an owner can do at home.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Abdominal x-rays are the most reliable way to assess stomach position and diagnose bloat. Stabilization of the patient and diagnostics must be performed immediately. These dogs require pain medication and intravenous fluids. Surgical intervention is a necessary step in the treatment of bloat and should be done as soon as the patient is stable enough to undergo anesthesia and surgery.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"During a bloat circulation can be compromised and other abdominal organs, such as the spleen or intestines, may be affected, as a result the spleen may also need to be removed in some cases. Bloat, requires a multiple day stay in the hospital for post-operative care and recovery. If not treated by a veterinarian immediately, bloat can be fatal. Most dogs who are diagnosed and treated early in the development of bloat recover from surgery and can lead a normal life.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The surgery consists of de-rotating the stomach back to its normal position and then tacking it to the body wall. This is called a gastropexy. If the spleen was involved in the twisting, then it may have to be removed as well. Even after the surgery is performed these dogs are not out of the woods. There are many complications that can still arise after surgery and it is very common for these dogs to be in the hospital for multiple days. As many as 15-30% of dogs will not survive bloat even with immediate care and surgery.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Preventing Bloat","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Recommendations for preventing bloat are feeding several small meals a day, discouraging drinking large amounts of water at one time, allowing some time between eating and activity, and feeding on the floor.Hopefully knowing some of these preventative tips will decrease the chances of your furry family member bloating; however, if you see the signs listed above do not wait! Get your pet to an emergency veterinary hospital immediately. Ideally call ahead so they know you are coming and can plan for your arrival. Time is of the essence.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"6vfDyB6sxkbpbFbwIvi4Px"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER Nature - Dog-Trees","title":null,"altText":"German shepherd standing in the street, staring off to the side","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"NVA - MASTER Nature - Dog-Trees","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/7Akw1hprqNJDXZ8RfONDkV/cf40d9cde21a34435b7ff0c299b32d67/HERO-CentralOregon.png","size":1505755,"width":1600,"height":580,"contentType":"image/png"},"mobileImage":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"NVA - MASTER Nature - Dog-Trees-Mobile","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3ZXDmAWlv8yjB61FDkp0AB/24856193c3aa13ab2c3a4457e2ff3597/christoph-schmid-PXAP4PGBj6E-unsplash.jpg","size":6452583,"width":6144,"height":4096,"contentType":"image/jpeg"}},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Worms in Kittens: Symptoms \u0026 Treatment","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Worms in Kittens: Symptoms \u0026 Treatment","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"worms-in-kittens-symptoms-treatment","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Intestinal parasites (worms) are common in kittens. While they are a cause for concern, effective, safe treatments are available to keep your kitten and family safe.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Intestinal parasites (worms) are common in kittens. While they are a cause for concern, effective, safe treatments are available to keep your kitten and family safe.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms of worms in kittens \u0026 cats","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"For many cat owners, the first sign will be a visible presence of worms in stool. Other symptoms vary, but severe cases can cause:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"poor overall body condition and dull coat","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"soft or bloody stools","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"vomiting/diarrhea","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"distended abdomen","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"loss of appetite","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"weight loss","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"HOW DOES A KITTEN GET WORMS?","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Some parasites are transmitted from the mother to her offspring, while others are carried by fleas, mosquitoes, or via infected eggs shed in feces.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What types of worms \u0026 parasites can cats get?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"ROUNDWORM","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Roundworm is one of the most common intestinal parasites of cats. They can be an important cause of illness, and even death, in kittens. Roundworms are passed as a milk-borne, or fecal-borne infection from an infected mother to her kittens. Additionally, roundworm infection can occur if a cat eats an intermediate host such as a rodent, earthworm or beetle. Treatments are effective and simple, though two or three treatments may be necessary.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"HOOKWORMS","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Hookworms are another intestinal parasite of cats and kittens. They cause anemia and intestinal distress. Kittens contract this parasite either through their motherâs milk, feces, or through the skin (if the mother has hookworm). Several effective methods exist to diagnose and treat hookworm.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"COCCIDIA","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Coccidia is a parasite common to kittens less than six months of age. The most common symptom is diarrhea. Severely affected animals may also vomit, lose their appetites, become dehydrated and even die from the disease. Coccidiosis is very contagious among young kittens, but effective, safe treatments exist.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"TAPEWORMS","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Tapeworms are not particularly harmful to cats and few clinical signs are attributed to their presence. In rare cases, tapeworms may cause debilitation or weight loss if they are present in large numbers. Tapeworms are transmitted when a cat ingests an infected flea or prey animal. Diagnosis and treatment is simple and effective.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"HEARTWORMS","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Heartworms are a parasite previously considered to affect dogs, but detection of this disease in cats has become more common. Affected cats may cough or experience other more severe heart or lung problems. Diagnosis and treatment is complicated in cats, and prevention is best.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What to do if your cat has worms","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Call your veterinarian! Depen
1079ding on what type of parasite your cat has, you will likely need a de-wormer (such as Panacur or Drontal) or some other type of medication to safely kill the worms. Your veterinarian may also recommend starting your cat on a monthly topical or oral flea prevention. Some cats may also need IV fluids and supportive care depending on their condition.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"5I7MSVUiZAZTmgQ8X932Ml"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER - BLOG - KITTENS CAT PLAYING IN A BASKET HOME","title":null,"altText":"Two grey tabby kittens playing in a basket","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - MASTER - BLOG - KITTENS CAT PLAYING IN A BASKET HOME","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/4QXqtj2y49K0CUi5KlQp9H/20375ad75bb51774b39decb164edf89a/catnip.jpg","size":261798,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Corneal Ulcers in Dogs","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Corneal Ulcers in Dogs","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"corneal-ulcers-in-dogs","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Eye issues are taken very seriously in veterinary medicine. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Eye issues are taken very seriously in veterinary medicine. When we hear that a petâs eye is squinting, red, swollen, irritated, appears glossy, or is producing discharge, we encourage pet owners to go directly to a veterinary hospital to have it assessed. Sometimes, it is just a simple eye infection which can be treated with antibiotics.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"But sometimes, it can be a more serious underlying disease or injury such as glaucoma, cataracts, or corneal ulcers. These more advanced eye issues progress quickly and if gone untreated, they can cause serious damage or blindness. Corneal ulcers are particularly common in small animal medicine and depending on how deep it is, can be very dangerous for your pet.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The Cornea: The Window of the Eye","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The cornea is the transparent window that makes up the front surface of the eye. It is composed of three main layers:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Epithelium ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"â a thin layer of cells on the outer surface of the cornea","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Stroma ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"â the main supportive tissue of the cornea and makes up 90% of its thickness","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Descemetâs membrane ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"â the deepest and very thin layer; on the other side of Descemetâs membrane is the aqueous humor, the clear fluid that fills the inner chamber of the eye","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"ordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Corneal Ulcers: Sometimes Serious, Sometimes Not","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A corneal ulcer is a wound or abrasion on the corneal surface. A ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"superficial corneal ulcer ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"involves only the surface epithelium. This is a much less serious injury, but still requires veterinary care.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"deep corneal ulcer ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"begins to involve the corneal stroma. The presence of a deep corneal ulcer usually indicates that a bacterial infection is present. The bacteria release substances that degrade the corneal stroma, causing the ulcer to progress deeper. If the ulcer extends to the deepest level of Descemetâs membrane, this is referred to as a descemetocele and is considered a ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"serious emergency ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"due to risk of rupture of the eye. If Descemetâs membrane ruptures, the fluid inside the eye leaks out and can potentially lead to irreparable blinding damage to the eye.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Causes: Most Commonly Trauma","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There are several causes for corneal ulcers in dogs, and they occur most commonly due to trauma to the eye. Superficial corneal abrasions can occur from physical or chemical trauma such as:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Rough play with other dogs","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Running through heavy vegetation or woods","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Irritating substances such as shampoo or dust/debris","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Infection or bacteria (less common)","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"More serious injuries to the cornea can occur from lacerations including:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{}
1079,"marks":[],"value":"A cat scratch or a sharp object","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Corneal ulcers are also common in certain breeds or dogs with underlying diseases such as:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dry eye, where decreased production of tears leads to drying of the corneal surface","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds with prominent eyes (such as Boston Terriers, Pugs, Shih Tzus, Boxers, and Bulldogs)","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Symptoms: It is Painful","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Corneal ulcers symptoms are painful and you may
1079notice that your dog is squinting, pawing, or rubbing at the eye. Other symptoms can include redness and excessive discharge or tearing. Superficial ulcers arenât typically visible to the naked eye, and your veterinarian will look for the presence of an ulcer with a special stain called fluorescein. When the stain is placed on the eye, the dye will adhere to the ulcer and produce a green fluorescence that identifies the presence of the ulcer.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Treatment: Medication vs. Surgery","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Simple superficial corneal ulcers will heal on their own without incident in 3-10 days depending on the size of the ulcer. While the healing process takes place, treatment for simple superficial corneal ulcers includes antibiotic eye drops or ointments to prevent infection, as well as pain medications to relieve discomfort. Your pet will need to wear an E-collar (cone) to protect the eye during the healing process, as self-trauma to the eye can delay and complicate healing.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In the case of a deep corneal ulcer, more aggressive treatment will be necessary to prevent the ulcer depth from progressing. This typically includes multiple eye drops given several times a day, as well as pain and anti-inflammatory medications by mouth. In severe cases, referral to a veterinary ophthalmologist for corneal surgery to place a graft onto the ulcer may be necessary to stabilize the cornea and prevent rupture of the eye.      ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Healing: Follow-up Care is Crucial","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Follow up with your veterinarian is needed to determine if your petâs ulcer has completely healed. You should continue treating your pet with all prescribed medications until your veterinarian indicates that the ulcer is fully healed. Simple superficial corneal ulcers should heal within 1-2 weeks or less, however in some cases the ulcer may be slower to heal.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your dogâs ulcer doesnât heal or show signs of healing within this time frame, this indicates that an underlying cause may be present (dry eye, abnormally-directed eyelashes, entropion, etc.) or that additional procedures may be needed to facilitate healing of the ulcer. In older dogs, chronic non-healing (indolent) corneal ulcers are very common and often require additional procedures such as a diamond burr debridement (see image below) to encourage and facilitate healing. If your petâs corneal ulcer is not healing appropriately and an inciting cause cannot be identified, your veterinarian may recommend referral to a veterinary ophthalmologist for specialty care.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"Written by Nancy Thompson, CVT","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"6USFSyqYBMqyWO8Li124n9"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - [60-40] - MASTER - CLINIC - Eye-Exam-Dog-Woman","title":null,"altText":"Eye-Exam-Dog-Woman","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"NVA - [60-40] - MASTER - CLINIC - Eye-Exam-Dog-Woman","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/0YRPVFYLoTNAVaS6SirRK/e271298055c53643398e3faf37c09d44/NVA-MASTER-60-40-CLINIC-Eye-Exam-Dog-Woman.jpg","size":64009,"width":920,"height":580,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Dog Wound Care Guide","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Dog Wound Care Guide","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"dog-wound-care-guide","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dogs are good at finding trouble, and their mischief may result in an injury.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Health Tips"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dogs are good at finding trouble, and their mischief may result in an injury. If your dog is hurt, knowing how to address the wound is important to ensure they receive the care they need. Does your injured dog need veterinary care? Can you manage the wound at home? Should the wound be bandaged? Keep reading to learn all you need to know about caring for your dogâs wound.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dog wounds that need veterinary care","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Your wounded dog should always be treated promptly to help avoid infection, but certain wounds need a veterinary professionalâs intervention and evaluation, including:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Penetrating wounds: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{}
1079,"marks":[],"value":"Any injury that fully penetrates the skin needs a veterinary evaluation. These include bite wounds, puncture wounds, and deep lacerations.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Large wounds:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" Lacerations longer than an inch or with jagged edges should be treated by a veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Facial wounds: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Wounds to your dogâs face could involve sensitive structures, such as their eyes, nasal passages, or oral cavity, and should be investigated by a veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Abdominal or chest wounds: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Wounds on your dogâs abdomen or chest could enter the body cavity or cause internal bleeding, and should be examined by a veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Infected wounds: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your dogâs wound has an odor, discharge, or swelling, the injury could be infected, and requires veterinary treatment.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Bleeding wounds: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your dogâs wound bleeds excessively, you should apply pressure, and get them to a veterinary hospital as soon as possible.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Managing minor dog wounds at home","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your dogâs wound doesnât require veterinary care, you should still take steps at home to clean and disinfect the wound, to help prevent infection. These steps include:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Veterinary Urgent Care: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Depending on the size of the wound, it may be safer for everyone involved to bring your dog to a veterinary urgent care clinic or an emergency hospital.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Restrain your dog: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Your injured dog will likely be upset, and any dog in pain may bite. We recommend using a muzzle or a makeshift substitute to ensure no one is injured, and enlisting an assistant to provide treats, distract and gently restrain your dog so they remain calm during the procedure. Place smaller dogs on clean towels on a table so you can see the wound easily. For larger dogs, make them lie on the floor where you can kneel comfortably nearby.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Stop the bleeding","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":": You wonât be able to assess or properly clean the wound until the bleeding has stopped. Apply pressure with a clean cloth or gauze for two to five minutes, to allow the blood to clot.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Clip the hair: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{}
1079,"marks":[],"value":"Cover the wound using gauze pads or a water-based lubricantânot an oil-based jellyâand clip the surrounding hair using scissors or electric clippers.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Remove debris: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Remove large debris from the wound using gloved hands or tweezers.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Flush the wound: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Flush the wound with sterile saline. The high pressure flushing will help dislodge microscopic debris.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Disinfect the wound: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Never apply hydrogen peroxide, rubbing alcohol, or iodine to your petâs wound. Disinfect the wound using dilute chlorhexidine solutionâa 2% solution will limit tissue irritation.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Bandage the wound: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment and cover the wound to help prevent contamination. If you wrap your dogâs limb, ensure the bandage isnât too tight and could restrict blood flow.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Monitor the wound:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" Change the bandage and clean and assess your petâs wound two to three times a day. If the wound ever appears worse, or is not healed in a week, consult a veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Open dog wounds versus sutured wounds","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your dogâs wound requires veterinary care, the veterinarian may stitch or leave the wound open. Wounds are sutured to facilitate healing whenever possible, but closing the wound is contraindicated in some cases, including:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Puncture wounds: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Penetrating wounds, such as bite wounds, can drive bacteria deep into the tissue, trapping the bacteria and likely causing infection if these wounds are sutured.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Contaminated wounds: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A contaminated wound more than several hours old should never be closed without thorough debridement (i.e., removing all contaminated or dead tissue). In some cases, this could result in more damage than leaving the area open to heal.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Infected wounds:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" Infected wounds must be left open to allow for appropriate drainage and cleaning.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Skin loss wounds: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Wounds in which skin was lost can prevent surgical closure.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Caring for dog wounds","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Whether your dogâs wound was sutured or left open to heal, appropriate care is necessary to expedite their recovery. The first step is to follow your veterinarianâs instructions. Ensure you understand every detail about your dogâs follow-up care, and ask questions if you are unsure about anything. In general, tips to care for your dogâs wound include:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Keep sutured wounds dry: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Avoid bathing your dog until the sutures are removed, and cover the wound if they go outside in the rain. In addition, donât apply creams or ointments without your veterinarianâs advice.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Donât allow open wounds to close too soon:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" Use gauze to gently remove crusty debris on the woundâs edges to promote drainage.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Prevent your dog from licking or chewing their wound:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" If necessary, use an Elizabethan collar to prevent your dog from bothering their wound, because they could tear out their sutures or cause infection.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Restrict your dogâs activity:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" Excessive activity could delay healing or result in dehiscence (i.e., suture failure).","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Check the wound frequently","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":": Monitor your dogâs wound and consult your veterinarian immediately if you notice swelling, redness, an unpleasant odor, drainage, or excessive bleeding.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Caring for broken dog nails","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Broken nails are extremely painful for dogsâthey also bleed a surprising amount, since the nail bed has a large blood supply. First aid tips for broken nails include:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Restrain your dog: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Have an assistant distract your dog with treats and gently restrain them. , Use a muzzle if necessary to keep everyone safe.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Stop the bleeding: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Apply pressure with a clean towel or gauze. If the bleeding doesnât stop after about five minutes, cauterize the area with a styptic stick or powder.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Remove the damaged nail:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" If the nail is dangling, take your dog to your veterinarian to remove the piece, because this procedure requires skill to prevent further damage.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Protect the nail bed from infection","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":": Apply an antibiotic ointment and a bandage to help prevent infection.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Control the pain:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" Your veterinarian may prescribe a pain medication for a few days to alleviate your dogâs discomfort.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Hopefully, this guide will help you care for your dog the next time they are injured. Knowing what to expect, and how to proceed, will mitigate your stress in these situations and ensure you are able to provide all the care your dog needs. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Sources:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.petmd.com/blogs/fullyvetted/2013/april/how-to-take-care-of-your-pets-minor-wounds-30187"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"https://www.petmd.com/blogs/fullyvetted/2013/april/how-to-take-care-of-your-pets-minor-wounds-30187","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.embracepetinsurance.com/waterbowl/article/broken-toenails"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"https://www.embracepetinsurance.com/waterbowl/article/broken-toenails","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"1o1g7fQmd24ZZ625sxlNmy"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - Woman Holding onto a Dog's Paw","title":null,"altText":"Woman Holding onto a Dog's Paw","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - Woman Holding onto a Dog's Paw","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/52cnn6TkIlZf6O0wDlVRYV/f0b66056f10d1d154ad593842624aa34/Blog4.jpg","size":158627,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"What To Do If Your Dog Strains Iliopsoas Muscle","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - What To Do If Your Dog Strains Iliopsoas Muscle","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"what-to-do-if-your-dog-strains-iliopsoas-muscle","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Iliopsoas (pronounced: ilio-so-as) or hip flexor strains are common injuries both in professional (human) athletes and in dogs.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Iliopsoas (pronounced: ilio-so-as) or hip flexor strains are common injuries both in professional (human) athletes and in dogs. The iliopsoas muscle is the major hip flexor muscle of the dogâs body, bringing the knee up towards his abdomen. We find that dogs have iliopsoas strains for two main reasons.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"First, when a dog has a knee injury, we find that he first withdrawals due to pain, similar to how we would pull our hand away from a hot stove. He then maintains a posture with hip flexion and his paw non-weight bearing or off of the ground. This chronic hip flexion results in the shortening of the muscle and creates uncomfortable tension in the muscle, with resistance to stretch.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The second theorized manner of injury to the iliopsoas is by âdoing the splitsâ whether while running and abruptly changing direction or slipping on ice or ceramic, tile, or hardwood floors. This injury usually occurs during eccentric muscle activity in which the muscle contracts and is stretched at the same time.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The iliopsoas muscle attaches at the transverse processes (L2-L3) and bodies (L4-L7) of the lumbar spine, the ilium, and the lesser trochanter of the femur. As a result of the initial pain of injury and chronic misuse of the injured limb, on physical therapy evaluation, we find that the iliopsoas muscle might be âadaptively shortened,â tight, and painfully resistant to stretch.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Strains are tears within the muscle or tendon and may be graded dependent upon their severity. A grade I muscle strain might be evidenced by microtears within the muscle belly while a grade III muscle strain is a full-thickness tear or rupture of part of the muscle. Regardless of the severity of the strain, muscle heal
1079s with scar tissue, which is less organized and less flexible than the original muscle tissue. This makes the muscle that is strained more at risk to be strained again in the future. Most other tissues in our body (bone, ligament, skin) repair themselves with tissue more similar to the original, allowing nearly a full recovery.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A dog with an iliopsoas or hip flexor strain might âuseâ his leg with a subtle or obvious limp at a walk or trot. He might âcarryâ his leg in a non-weight-bearing manner or skip or hop when trotting, galloping, or running. He might sit in a âlazyâ way, not aligning his legs symmetrically. He might tuck his pelvis or tail more than prior to his injury. Most obvious and almost-diagnostic is the reluctance to allow hip extension with internal rotation. With a belly rub, many of these dogs will stretch their hips backwards, but also turn their knees and paws upwards or outwards (into external rotation). Only when we turn the hip inward do we stress the iliopsoas muscle.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What should I do if I suspect that my pet has had an iliopsoas strain?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"First, contact your veterinarian so that other injuries can be ruled out (for example, cruciate ligament tears, osteoarthritis due to hip dysplasia, etc). Your veterinarian might also refer you and your pet to a board-certified veterinary surgeon for further diagnostics. If your veterinarian or veterinary surgeon confirms an iliopsoas strain (through palpation, selective tissue tension testing, CT, MRI, or diagnostic ultrasound), a visit to your petâs physical therapist should be your next step. Depending upon the stage of healing or the level of discomfort that your pet has as a result of the strain, medications might be prescribed (at least initially) to make him more comfortable. In the meantime, activity restriction (on-leash activity only with no running, jumping, stair, or furniture climbing) should begin.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Hereâs hoping your pet never experiences an iliopsoas or other muscle strain and stays off of the DL!","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"5ETRSiycbIDk6gjJquhYxg"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - Small Dog Walking down the stairs","title":null,"altText":"Small dog walking down the stairs","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - Small Dog Walking down the stairs","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6e9cR5W6mtyRuSKwnxbYs3/649534d4ce35597a6453d0585746ad41/MicrosoftTeams-image__286_.png","size":492573,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Enlarged Spleen in Dogs - Definition, Tumors, \u0026 Surgery","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Enlarged Spleen in Dogs - Definition, Tumors, \u0026 Surgery","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"enlarged-spleen-in-dogs -definition-tumors-and-surgery","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Canine and feline spleens may distend and contract to help increase circulating blood volume and this can be influenced by anesthetic medications.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What is the spleen?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The spleen is a tongue-shaped organ of the abdomen that acts as a reservoir for blood as well as filters the circulating blood. It removes and recycles old red blood cells and attacks any blood-borne pathogens like bacteria and parasites commonly associated with tick-borne diseases via its large volume of lymphoid tissue (immune system).","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Canine and feline spleens may distend and contract to help increase circulating blood volume and this can be influenced by anesthetic medications. Spleens can be surgically removed without significant compromise to our petsâ long-term health.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"When does an enlarged spleen need to be further evaluated?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Patients may be presented to a veterinarian for a variety of non-specific signs of illness resulting from an enlarged spleen or splenic mass. Vomiting, inappetence, weight loss, low energy, pale mucus membranes (gums), or simply enlargement of their abdomen can be symptoms that a pet exhibits when there is a problem with their spleen. A veterinarian may incidentally find a mass when palpating the abdomen on yearly health exams. Splenic masses can be caused by a variety of diseases ranging from infection (abscess) to a tumor (benign vs. malignant), which is more common. Additionally, systemic diseases or malpositioning of the spleen may also increase its overall size. Diagnostic tools veterinarians have to differentiate these multitude of diseases are x-rays (radiographs), abdominal ultrasound, CT (computed topography), and sometimes MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{}
1079,"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Radiographs give an excellent overview of a patientâs abdomen and help to appreciate the overall size and shape of organs in comparison to the rest of the patientsâ abdominal organs. Abdominal ultrasound is superior at looking at the inside architecture of abdominal organs and can determine different characteristics of the enlarged spleen or splenic mass that help guide treatment recommendations and provide tentative prognoses.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The abdominal ultrasound can determine the location of a mass and whether it is associated with the spleen. Unfortunately, tumors of the spleen are reported to be a malignant cancer more often than not. Because tumors of the spleen typically arise from the blood vessels (hemangiosarcoma), the spread or metastasis of the tumor has already occurred at the time of diagnosis, and or the tumors have ruptured and are actively bleeding into the patientsâ abdominal cavity. The liver is commonly affected with metastasis of splenic cancers, so evaluation with an abdominal ultrasound can help determine if this is apparent. Additionally, bleeding into the abdomen from the spleen can be assessed and diagnosed via abdominal ultrasound.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What are common tumors of the spleen?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The most common splenic tumor is the malignant cancer, hemangiosarcoma. This is a tumor of the blood vessels and as a result, can easily rupture and cause life-threatening bleeding. Unfortunately, diagnosis of a hemangiosarcoma requires tissue analysis (histopathology), which is typically completed with surgical removal of the spleen, and stops the active bleeding. There are less concerning tumors of the spleen that can also rupture (hemangioma, hematomas) that once removed surgically are curative and should not affect your petâs long-term survival. Other tumors include different sarcomas, lymphoma, and mast cell tumors (more commonly in cats). Non-tumor diseases like infection (abscess) and splenic torsion (strangulation of splenic blood vessels), are also causes of an enlarged spleen, necessitating surgery.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What does surgery entail for your pet if they have been diagnosed with a splenic tumor or general enlargement of the spleen?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Canine and feline patients will be assessed thoroughly by a veterinarian to ensure they are stable and safe to proceed with surgery. This typically entails complete blood work, chest x-rays, and blood type checks to ensure that if a blood transfusion is needed the hospital is prepared. Your family member will be put under general anesthesia and will have their abdomen clipped of hair for sterility purposes. Through a long incision, the entire abdomen and abdominal organs will be thoroughly evaluated for abnormal changes. Samples of other organs will be safely obtained if deemed necessary. The spleen will then be isolated and removed. Often using special vessel sealing and incising devices, LigaSure, adopted from human surgeons, will be used to safely and quickly remove the spleen stopping any current bleeding and obtaining the necessary tissue for analysis (histopathology).","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"\nHow long does my pet need to recover from surgery?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Following their successful recovery from anesthesia, your pet will need to be in the hospital for a couple of days for close monitoring. Blood transfusions can be common for patients who were bleeding from their masses before surgery. Bleeding after surgery is unlikely, but possible, and this will be closely monitored. Heart arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythm and activity) can be present and may need to be treated with medications. As your pet improves, they will be transitioned to oral medications and prepared to discharge home for further recovery. Typically patients need 2 weeks of str
1079ict exercise restriction and rest. Monitoring their incision for signs of infection and supportive care with medications are the mainstay of their at-home recovery. After 2 weeks of a successful recovery, they are allowed to go back to normal activity.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If my pet is diagnosed with hemangiosarcoma, what is their prognosis?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Unfortunately, hemangiosarcoma is a very serious and debilitating cancer. The average patient following a diagnosis of splenic hemangiosarcoma will only have a life expectancy of around 3 months. Chemotherapy may extend survival with hemangiosarcoma and we advise meeting with one of our oncologists after a diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma to see if further treatment would be appropriate for you and your pet. Chemotherapy is well tolerated in our canine and feline patients. They receive intermittent injections or pills on an outpatient basis and only a small percentage (less than 15% will experience nausea, vomiting, or low white blood cells requiring antibiotics. There are ongoing studies and trials occurring nationwide trying to find drugs that could improve survival following a diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"5erDj95my2lAxAoqtsdkp0"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - Cat Sleeping on a Couch in the Sunlight","title":null,"altText":"Cat Sleeping on a Couch in the Sunlight","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - Cat Sleeping on a Couch in the Sunlight","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/tFfo7VnGmboEjd6N1lzdr/7e698cf41bea9cb123dda908cad78aca/blog.jpg","size":149406,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Dilated Cardiomyopathy In Dogs: Signs, Diagnosis, \u0026 Treatment","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Dilated Cardiomyopathy In Dogs: Signs, Diagnosis, \u0026 Treatment","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"dilated-cardiomyophathy-in-dogs-signs-diagnosis-and-treatment","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease wherein the heart muscle (myocardium) becomes much thinner than normal.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The heart has four chambers. The upper chambers are called atria (singular: atrium), and the lower chambers are called ventricles. In addition to the upper and lower chambers, the heart is also considered to have a right and a left side.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Blood flows from the body into the right atrium. It is stored there for a few seconds, then pumped into the right ventricle.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{}
1079,"marks":[],"value":"The right ventricle pumps blood into the lungs, where it receives oxygen. It flows from the lungs into the left atrium; it is held here for a few seconds before going into the left ventricle. The left ventricle contains the largest muscle of the heart so the blood can be pumped out to all parts of the body.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease wherein the heart muscle (myocardium) becomes much thinner than normal. In particular, the thick muscle wall of the left ventricle is affected. The pressure of the blood inside the heart causes this thinned wall to begin to stretch, resulting in a much larger left ventricular chamber. The three characteristics of dilated cardiomyopathy are a heart wall that is much thinner than normal, a chamber that is much larger than normal, and decreased contractility of the heart wall.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"PREVALENCE","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Primary dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of heart failure in large breeds of dogs. Small breeds are only occasionally affected. The most commonly affected breeds are Boxers, Doberman Pinschers, and Great Danes. Occasionally, medium-sized breeds, notably Cocker Spaniels and English Springer Spaniels, develop this condition.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"CAUSES/TRANSMISSION","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In some cases, DCM develops secondary to a chemical toxicity, nutritional deficiency, or inflammatory condition in the heart. Doxorubicin, a drug commonly used in chemotherapy, can induce DCM after repeated administration. Nutritional deficiencies of carnitine and taurine have been lined with DCM, although this cause is uncommon. Some non-cardiac conditions, such as pancreatitis and electrical shock, have occasionally been found as a cause of DCM. Unfortunately, however, for most dogs, the cause is unknown. This is called primary or idiopathic DCM.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"CLINICAL SIGNS","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"When the heart begins to fail, it is unable to deliver adequate oxygen to all the tissues of the body. This sets into motion a series of compensatory events. Various hormones are released by several organs in an attempt to correct the problem. These hormones conserve fluid in an effort to increase blood volume and the output of blood and oxygen by the heart. For several months, these compensatory responses help the situation. However, the increased fluid retention eventually becomes harmful.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Perhaps the most detrimental event occurs when this excessive fluid leaks out of the pulmonary capillaries and into the air spaces (alveoli) of the lung; this is called pulmonary edema. Noticeable symptoms include weakness, coughing or gagging, fainting or collapse, and obvious exercise intolerance.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Fluid may also collect in the abdominal cavity and body tissues. Congestive heart failure is a common cause of these signs. Dilated cardiomyopathy may have a very sudden onset. Some dogs go into severe heart failure in what appears to be a matter of hours. Rapid, heavy breathing, a blue tongue, excessive drooling, or collapse may be the first signs.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"DIAGNOSIS","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There are several tests that are used to look at different aspects of the heartâs structure and function.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"1. Auscultation:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" a stethoscope is used to identify murmurs, their location, intensity, and any abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythm
1079ia). It also allows us to hear sounds within the lungs.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"2. Blood and urine tests: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"These allow us to understand other disorders in the body that may impact heart function and treatment of heart disease.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"3. Thoracic radiographs (Chest x-rays):","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" These give us the best look at the lungs and a view of the size and shape of the heart. In most cases, dilated cardiomyopathy causes enlargement of the heart. These changes are usually very apparent on the radiographs.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"4. Electrocardiogram (ECG):","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" This is an assessment of the electrical activity of the heart. It allows us to accurately determine heart rate and to more accurately identify any arrhythmias that might be present.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"5. Ultrasound examination (sonogram, echocardiogram):","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" This examination uses sound waves that bounce off the structures of the heart. It gives the most accurate determination of the size of each heart chamber and permits measurement of the thickness of the heart walls. Certain measurements can be taken which allow the actual strength of the heartâs contraction to be measured as a number and compared to the normal animal. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The combination of all of these tests gives us our best evaluation of the dog and its heart function.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"THERAPY","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There is not very much data to prove efficacy of therapy for dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs until after the occurrence of congestive heart failure. Human studies have indicated that therapy with beta-blockers such as carvedilol and metoprolol should provide benefits. Enalapril or other angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEi) may also be useful. Proper nutrition including taurine is also beneficial.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If the dog has a sudden onset of heart failure, rapid administration of appropriate medication is essential to survival.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Therapy for congestive heart failure for a dog with DCM might include:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"1. An ACEi: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"These block some of the hormonal changes that accompany congestive heart failure. Some of these changes include higher blood pressure, saving fluid and salt, and constricting blood vessels. This is generally a lifelong therapy. Kidney function can rarely be affected, so regular bloodwork is important.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}
1079],"value":"2. Diuretics:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" These act on the kidney to make the dog produce more urine. Diuretics can be both an emergency and a long-term therapy.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"3. Pimobendan: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"This is a new therapy that dilates blood vessels and increases the heartâs ability to contract. It has markedly better survival than other medications used to increase contractility, perhaps because of its dilatory effects.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"4. Digoxin: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"This medication slightly increases contractility and also can help slow some abnormal heart rhythms that can be associated with DCM. Digoxin has a very narrow therapeutic range (the toxic and therapeutic doses are similar) and it does not increase contractility very much. It has somewhat fallen out of favor as a primary therapy for DCM.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"PROGNOSIS","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Prognosis varies widely given test results and relative responsiveness to medical treatment. However, while the long-term prognosis remains fair to poor, most dogs that stabilize quickly will live for a period of 6 â 12 months.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"3j9aOFxHNbuLmB8ymaLzGk"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - A Brown Dog Playing in a Plastic Pool","title":null,"altText":"A Brown Dog Playing in a Plastic Pool","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - A Brown Dog Playing in a Plastic Pool","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/4cyNLVMX2yHFyiuZr7EYpC/6e6115ff410951d3e2c38bd5e6182f60/NVA_-_MASTER_-_BLOG_-_HOME_-_A_Brown_Dog_in_a_Plastic_Pool.jpg","size":207647,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"My Dog Ate Chocolate: What Do I Do?","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - My Dog Ate Chocolate: What Do I Do?","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"my-dog-ate-chocolate-what-do-i-do","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Chocolate toxicity is a very common case we see in dogs. In fact, chocolate ingestion is the most common call the Pet Poison Helpline receives. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Toxic Substances"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Chocolate toxicity is a very common case we see in dogs. In fact, chocolate ingestion is the most common call the Pet Poison Helpline receives. Dogs tend to smell and seek out this sweet treat even if itâs in a closed bag, out of reach, or put away, so it is important for us as pet owners to be extra diligent.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Why chocolate is bad for dogs","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{}
1079,"marks":[],"value":"Chocolate is toxic to dogs because it contains substances known as methylxanthines, specifically caffeine and theobromine. Dogs metabolize, or break down, theobromine much slower than humans. Depending on your dogâs weight, even small amounts of chocolate can be very bad for your dog.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The darker and more bitter the chocolate, the more dangerous it is to dogs.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Different types of chocolate have varying amounts of theobromine in them. Generally, the more cocoa solids contained in a product, the more theobromine will be present and the more dangerous the item is for your pet. Therefore, dark chocolate and chocolate used for baking (cocoa powder or Bakerâs chocolate) are much more toxic to dogs than milk chocolate or white chocolate.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.petmd.com/dog/chocolate-toxicity"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Use this calculator","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" to determine how toxic chocolate is to your dog based on their weight, how much chocolate, and what kind of chocolate they ate.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Symptoms of chocolate toxicity in dogs","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Initial or minor symptoms of chocolate toxicity may include:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Diarrhea \u0026 vomiting","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Agitation or hyperactivity","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Drooling","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Increase in thirst","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Worsening symptoms may include:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Racing heart rate","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"High blood pressure","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Heart arrhythmias","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"In worse cases or in high doses, ingesting chocolate may cause:","no
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1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"1cNVkW7qQ7Ta2iPPQIUdpn"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - Small Brown Dog Taking a Bath","title":null,"altText":"Small Brown Dog Taking a Bath","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - Small Brown Dog Taking a Bath","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/21MTdKxJmpf1m4NH76Va9L/f9a627d867dcd62cd94953e6d74103f2/blog.jpg","size":175703,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Treatment and Diagnosis of Marijuana Toxicity in Pets","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Treatment and Diagnosis of Marijuana Toxicity in Pets","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"treatment-and-diagnosis-of-marijuana-toxicity-in-pets","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The Pet Poison Helpline line has experienced a 448% increase in marijuana toxicity cases over the past 6 years.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Toxic Substances"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Marijuana has become legal in many states and is becoming very common in households for medicinal and therapeutic purposes. With this, the Pet Poison Helpline line has experienced a 448% increase in marijuana toxicity cases over the past 6 years. Hereâs some information that you need to know about marijuana ingestion in pets.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What is marijuana?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Marijuana or Cannabis sativa/Cannabis indica is used for recreational and medicinal use. Tetrahydrocannabinol (TCH) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the two most commonly recognized, utilized, and studied cannabinoids (although there are over 80 different cannabinoids in marijuana plants.) The primary difference between between the two is that:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"THC ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"causes psychotropic effects and has a moderate level of toxicity.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"CBD ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"is non-psychotropic and is felt by many investigators to be non-toxic or have limited toxicity.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The exact amount of each cannabinoid varies widely from strain to strain and plant to plant.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Clinical signs of marijuana toxicity in pets","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Pets can be poisoned by marijuana in many different ways, such as ingesting marijuana edibles (brownies or pot butter), ingesting their ownerâs marijuana supply in any formulation, or by secondhand smoke. Some common symptoms of toxicity you may see are:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Sedation/lethargy","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{}
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This is necessary so that their pet is getting treated appropriately and not getting anything that isnât necessary.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Prevention","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"To prevent marijuana toxicity in your pets you must keep marijuana edibles and products out of reach in high cabinets or a locked drawer when not in use. If marijuana is being smoked, pets should be kept in a separate area with good ventilation until the smoke has cleared.\nIf you feel that your pet has ingested marijuana your best course of action is to have them seen and treated.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"And please remember:","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" itâs nothing to be ashamed or embarrassed about! If you donât tell us that there is even a possibility that your pet ingested marijuana, then their diagnosis and treatment can be delayed. We are only interested in your petâs well-being! ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"References:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.petpoisonhelpline.com/pet-safety-tips/marijuana-toxicity-pets/"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Pet Poison Helpline","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.veterinarypracticenews.com/treating-marijuana-toxicity/"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Veterinary Practice News","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"3PqBAu6uCwjda4ZCPHlXNz"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER - BLOG - Dog Eating Out Of Bowl","title":null,"altText":"Dog eating out of bowl","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - MASTER - BLOG - Dog Eating Out Of Bowl","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/5cDCKsWxwQ7YlUllY2qGXn/8906080e73996925c5cd048a30832d2c/MicrosoftTeams-image__64_.png","size":4470872,"width":6451,"height":4305,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"What to Expect When Your Pet Needs an MRI","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - What to Expect When Your Pet Needs an MRI","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"what-to-expect-when-your-pet-needs-an-mri","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your pet needs to have an MRI, your primary care veterinarian will likely refer you to a local veterinary neurologist or radiologist for evaluation and subsequent imaging if indicated.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"General"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"My veterinarian recommended an MRI for my pet. Now what?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Many of us have either had or know somebody who has had a CT (âCATâ scan) or an MRI at some point in their life. As in human medicine, advances in imaging have significantly increased our ability to quickly and safely diagnose the cause of a variety of illnesses in companion animals.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Many veterinary hospitals now have digital X-rays and ultrasound, and an increasing number of specialty and emergency veterinary hospitals have in-house computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). If your pet needs to have an MRI, your primary care veterinarian will likely refer you to a local veterinary neurologist or radiologist for evaluation and subsequent imaging if indicated.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Why Does My Pet Need an MRI?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In neurology, the clinical symptoms exhibited by a pet depend on where the disease is located rather than what disease process is present. In other words, a brain tumor, stroke, or infection in the same area of the brain cause very similar clinical signs so we cannot determine the cause of your petâs illness on exam alone. As a result, advanced imaging is required in most cases.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"With MRI and other sophisticated tests at our disposal, we are increasingly able to quickly and safely provide a more accurate diagnosis of your petâs illness, in turn allowing us to more accurately treat and provide an improved quality of life for your furry loved one
1079s.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What is an MRI?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"MRI provides amazing clarity of the bodyâs tissues. MRI is the imaging tool most often recommended by veterinary neurologists and radiologists to evaluate the nervous system and sometimes the musculoskeletal system. In contrast to CT, which is better for bone evaluation, MRI is significantly better at imaging soft tissues, such as the brain, spinal cord, intervertebral discs, tendons and ligaments, and muscles.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Very small abnormalities, down to about 1-2 mm in size, can be detected with MRI that are otherwise missed on CT and other imaging techniques. MRI also allows us to obtain images from all three planes of the body, left-to-right, front-to-back, and top-to-bottom without having to move the patient. This gives us the ability to view the body three-dimensionally.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Take a look ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CdiGfc_qfmY"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"inside a veterinary MRI","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":".","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Is an MRI Safe for My Pet?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Unlike CAT scans, which involve taking many X-ray slices through the body, there is no radiation in MRI, so it is incredibly safe. MRI uses a powerful magnet to align the protons in the hydrogen of water molecules of the body in the same direction as the magnetic field. The computer then delivers a brief radiofrequency (RF) pulse that knocks the protons out of alignment. After the RF pulse ends, the protons return to alignment with the magnet, giving off energy that is detected by a receiver (âcoilâ) placed on or around the patient. This signal is then processed by a computer to provide a detailed image of the body.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Is My Pet Awake During an MRI?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"MRI for animals is the same as for people, but unfortunately, our pets will not lie still. Any movement blurs the images so we cannot evaluate the pictures. As a result, dogs, cats, and other animals must be placed under general anesthesia for the MRI.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"While this can be scary to consider, anesthesia risks are usually very low, and the vast majority of our pets do great under anesthesia. To help ensure this, we collect blood samples before anesthesia to evaluate the red and white blood cell counts, liver and kidney function, and electrolyte levels. This allows us to screen for underlying systemic diseases that might increase the risk of anesthesia. Chest X-rays are taken in older pets to
1079screen for evidence of cancer spread to the lungs, pneumonia, or lung/heart conditions that may alter the decision to proceed with MRI.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"How Long Does it Take?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Once safely under anesthesia, the procedure usually takes between 45 minutes and 2 hours to complete depending on the region of the body being scanned. During this time, your pet is closely monitored by a veterinary technician. Since your pet is under anesthesia for the procedure, we have to focus our scan on the region of interest for patient safety, which is why âwhole bodyâ MRI is not usually performed in veterinary medicine. Once the images are obtained, they are evaluated by a neurologist or radiologist, often providing results to the client the same day.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"6QYaFyRbqtjutMsTIsp0xX"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - CLINIC - Veterinarian Holding a Gray Cat","title":null,"altText":"Veterinarian Holding a Gray Cat","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - CLINIC - Veterinarian Holding a Gray Cat","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/5gJJASKAaqFKaaDy68YyLq/157d469e06e6c29561b4f3b0d8b07836/blog.jpg","size":161570,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"When to Get a CT Scan and Rhinoscopy for Your Pet: Nasal Signs \u0026 Symptoms","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - When to Get a CT Scan and Rhinoscopy for Your Pet","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"when-to-get-a-ct-and-rhinoscopy-for-your-pet","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"When your pet presents with nasal-related symptoms, your Internal Medicine Specialist may recommend a CT scan and rhinoscopy to try to determine the cause for your petâs signs.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"For Pet Owners"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"When your pet presents with nasal-related symptoms, your Internal Medicine Specialist may recommend a CT scan and rhinoscopy to try to determine the cause for your petâs signs.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"A CT scan and rhinoscopy is a ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"diagnostic","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" procedure, meaning the patientâs problem will not be fixed or improved following the procedure. Only in very rare cases, such as foreign objects and abnormal strictures in the nose, is a treatment for the problem performed simultaneously.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Does My Pet Need a Rhinoscopy? Signs \u0026 Symptoms","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"There are many signs that are not specific to any one particular disease process, but are very similar across all diseases that affect the nose. These signs may include:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"sneezing","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"nasal discharge of any type (bloody, mucoid, clear)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"nasal congestion","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"snorting or gagging","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"swelling of the nose or head","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Occasionally cats will present with significant increase in respiratory effort when their nose is congested as they rarely open their mouth to breathe.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What causes nasal issues in pets?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Diseases that can affect the nose include nasal cancers, fungal infections, anatomic abnormalities (both congenital and acquired), immune-mediated inflammation, foreign material in the nose, severe dental disease, allergic inflammation, viral infections, and rarely bacterial infections. Nose bleeds can occur in dogs and cats related to diseases outside the nose. In this case your veterinarian will likely recommend diagnostics such as clotting times, platelet
1079count, blood pressure, and certain infectious disease testing prior to recommending a CT scan and rhinoscopy. Cats should have a blood test for Cryptococcus, a common fungal organism that affects the nose.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Treatment: What Happens During a Rhinoscopy?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"STEP 1: Health Screening","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"First, basic health screening blood and urine tests will be recommended as the procedure requires general anesthesia. Occasionally chest radiographs (x-rays) or an echocardiogram may be recommended as your petâs condition dictates.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"STEP 2: CT Scan","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"A CT scan (computed tomography) is an advanced imaging technique that allows for detailed three dimensional evaluation of boney (and some soft tissue) areas that are difficult to otherwise image. It allows the radiologist and internist to determine not only where in the nose is the problem located, but also gives some general idea of what the problem is. After the CT scan, if a space occupying mass (typically a cancer, but sometimes a fungal mass) is seen, a blind biopsy is performed with guidance from the CT scan so that the biopsy instrument is placed in the mass in order to get the best representative sample. If there is not a mass seen, or if the mass is in the very back of the nose, rhinoscopy will be performed to evaluate the nose and obtain samples of the nose.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"STEP 3: Rhinoscopy Procedure","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Rhinoscopy is performed with a small flexible fiberoptic scope and occasionally a small rigid scope that can be advanced through the nasal cavities of all but the smallest patients. The back of the nose is examined with the flexible scope, and then the throat is packed off with gauze sponges. The scope is then advanced through the nasal structures in a systematic fashion. In order to facilitate visualization through the mucous and blood that are inevitably, a constant running saline flush is utilized. Foreign material can be removed using a small grasping forcep, or may be flushed out during the examination. After a thorough evaluation, nasal biopsies are obtained.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What to Expect After the Procedure","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"After the procedure, it is common to have some increased nasal congestion and bleeding due to biopsies and the presence of the scope. Nasal bleeding is not uncommon for several days following the procedure. Occasionally patients will spend the night to allow their family peace of mind and to keep the carpets clean. Patients can also be discharged that same night if the family would prefer.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Keep in mind that our procedures are scheduled with several services, and thus are subject to time change/delay. We will always try to keep to a scheduled time; however we may not have control over the start time. We will do our very best to keep you informed of significant delays in your petâs procedure.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"3H9fQ1prvZDWtXDfnmzvC8"},"name":"[BLOG] IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER - Dog - Home - Boxer","title":null,"altText":"Boxer in Grass","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"NVA - [BLOG] IMAGE CONTAINER - MASTER - Dog - Home - Boxer","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3LmNhbn3gYYJcNMYJtlMy1/ae255c42d4406c86a42fac2c3d183eae/-BLOG--IMAGE-CONTAINER---MASTER---Dog---Home---Boxer.jpg","size":122737,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Why is My Cat Sneezing? When to Worry","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Why is My Cat Sneezing?","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"why-is-my-cat-sneezing","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Cats, like people and other animals, sneeze to clear irritating substances from their nasal passages.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Cats, like people and other animals, sneeze to clear irritating substances from their nasal passages. An occasional sneeze here or there is nothing to worry about, but sneezing that persists or is accompanied by other illness signs may indicate a problem.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Here are the top reasons that cats sneeze, how sneezing cats are treated, and when to schedule a veterinary visit.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Is your cat actually sneezing?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"To determine why your cat is sneezing, you first need to establish if they are actually sneezing. A cat sneeze may not sound anything like a dog or human sneeze, and can be easily confused with the following:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Reverse sneezing","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Coughing","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Wheezing","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Retching","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Hiccuping","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"All these actions are considered abnormal and require a veterinary visit, but each has different causes and treatments. ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"Bring a video","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" of your cat performing the suspect action to your veterinary appointment, so the team can determine the exact diagnosis and treatment for your cat.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"What causes cat sneezing?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Sneezing is a reflex meant to clear an irritant from your catâs nose or throat. Irritation or inflammation inside the nasal passages cause sneezing, but this is the real questionâwhat is causing the inflammation? Causes may include:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Viral upper respiratory infection ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"â ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/feline-herpesvirus-infection-or-feline-viral-rhinotracheitis"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Feline herpesvirus","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":", and sometimes calicivirus, are thought to cause most upper respiratory infections in cats. Aroun
1079d 80% to 90% of all cats have herpesvirus, which lives dormant in their nervous system most of the time but can reactivate from stress. Viral infections may also cause nasal discharge, eye irritation, and mildly reduced appetite, similar to a human cold.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Secondary bacterial upper respiratory infection ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"â Once a virus invades the nose, bacteria take advantage and join the party. Secondary bacterial infections often produce thick, yellow, or green nasal discharge. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Fungal infection ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"â The ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.vetspecialty.com/cryptococcosis/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Cryptococcus","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" fungus lives in the environment and can invade your catâs nose, causing a painful, irritating, fungal plaque. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Foreign body ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"â Inhaled plant material or dried secretions can become lodged in nasal passages and cause significant inflammation.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dental disease ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"â Cat tooth roots end near the sinuses, and a deep tooth infection can eat away at and leave a hole in the connecting tissue. Food and debris can travel through the hole, making chewing difficult, and often causing the cat to sneeze during or shortly after eating.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Cancer ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"â Tumors in the nasal passages or sinuses can cause persistent sneezing, nasal discharge, and nose bleeds. Cats with cancer may also lose weight, lose interest in food, and feel generally unwell.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"How is cat sneezing diagnosed?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Your veterinarian may use a combination of your catâs illness signs and diagnostic testing to determine the sneezingâs root cause. Testing for viruses or bacteria is generally unhelpful since many organisms live in the nose without causing problems, so their presence does not prove they are the root cause. Other diagnostic options include:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Treatment trials:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Your veterinarian may use your catâs response to medications, or lack thereof, to determine the most likely underlying cause.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Rhinoscopy and biopsy:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" If treatment trials fail to improve your catâs condition, a specialist can perform an endoscopic nasal passage evaluation while your cat is anesthetized. If the specialist cannot readily see the problem, they may take biopsy samples for more information.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Nasal flush:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" Nasal flushing to dislodge a foreign object or clear irritating debris can be diagnostic and therapeutic, but must also be performed under anesthesia.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Advanced imaging:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" If your veterinarian cannot find an underlying cause, or cancer is suspected, X-rays and a CT scan may help. CT is an expensive test, requires anesthesia, and is often reserved for severe cases or those with potentially life-threatening causes.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"How is cat sneezing treated?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Most cats are treated initially with antibiotics and/or antiviral medications, as infections are the most common cause of persistent sneezing. Other treatments are aimed at the underlying root causes. This could be anti-fungal medications for suspected fungal disease, antihistamines and anti-inflammatories for inflammation, dental surgery for an infected tooth, or a referral to a veterinary oncologist if cancer is suspected. ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your cat has a bad respiratory infection or significant inflammation inside their nose, tiny structures called turbinates can be permanently damaged. The initial insult may be treated and resolved, but turbinate damage may cause long-term inflammation and sneezing (i.e., chronic rhinitis). Chronic rhinitis treatments are aimed at reducing inflammation, but this may be a permanent condition.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"When should I be concerned about cat sneezing?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your cat sneezes for a few days but otherwise appears normal and healthy, theyâre likely experiencing a mild viral infection that should clear on its own. But, schedule a visit with your veterinarian if the sneezing lasts more than a few days, or is accompanied by the following:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Thick or persistent nasal discharge","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Coughing, wheezing, or difficulty breathing","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Poor appetite","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Weight loss","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Nose bleeds","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If your cat has frequent viral flare-ups, you should asse
1079ss your home for contributing stressors such as boredom, bullying from other pets, home construction or repairs, or something as simple as moving the furniture. Discuss your thoughts with your veterinarian to determine how you can reduce household stress or help your cat cope.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"While most cat sneezing cases are mild and self-limiting, others may have serious underlying causes, or require treatments to resolve. Find an ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"Ethos Veterinary Health","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" specialist ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.ethosvet.com/about-us/contact-us/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"here","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" to diagnose and treat chronic or severe cat sneezing.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"4P3iAw0JrEz1SjXzpdjMuF"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - A Gray/White Cat Lying Down on Hardwood Flooring Indoors","title":null,"altText":"A Gray/White Cat Lying Down on Hardwood Flooring Indoors","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - A Gray/White Cat Lying Down on Hardwood Flooring Indoors","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/2AI6i6bIXZwMcLVxvCMFva/71bd07ffb38335efa942790dc7458482/iStock-1136878898-1200x800.jpg","size":182700,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Why Is My Dog Drinking So Much Water?","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Why Is My Dog Drinking So Much Water?","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"why-is-my-dog-drinking-so-much-water","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There are many factors that determine how much water a dog drinks in a given day but if you notice that your dog is drinking bowl after bowl there may be a cause that warrants investigation.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There are many factors that determine how much water a dog drinks in a given day but if you notice that your dog is drinking bowl after bowl there may be a cause that warrants investigation.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Thirst is regulated by several different components in the body including blood vessel volume, parts of the brain (pituitary gland, thirst center, hypothalamus) and the kidneys. For example, if a dog is dehydrated then hormones are released from the brain that communicate to the kidneys to keep water in the body and activate the thirst center. If a dog is urinating excessively the body then responds by having the dog drink more to make up for that loss of water. Unfortunately certain diseases can interfere with how thirst and urination are regulated causing your dog to gulp down bowl after bowl of water.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Below is a list of a few of these causes","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Kidney Disease: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The function of the kidneys is to filter blood and balance electrolytes. They also regulate blood pressure and red blood cell production. Kidneys can become damaged for a multitude of reasons such as chronic disease, infection, toxins or cancer. When they become damaged they cannot do their job properly and excessive urine is produced. Excessive urination then leads to excessive drinking.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Diabetes Mellitus: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Diabetes Mellitus occurs when there is not enough insulin produced to regulate glucose in the body. This results in excessive amounts of glucose in the bloodstream. When the glucose is excreted from the body water follows it producing excessive urine. As with kidney disease, the excessive urination causes excessive thirst/drinking.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Cushingâs Disease (Hyperadrenocorticism): ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Cushingâs Disease is a disease in which the body overproduces cortisol. Cortisol, in turn, blocks other hormones from doing their job and results in excessive urination and thus excessive drinking.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Liver Disease: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The liver has many different jobs including protein and hormone production, detoxifying the blood, and metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and drugs. As a result, if the liver is failing there are several different pathways that can lead to a dog urinating excessively and drinking excessively.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Medications: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Unfortunately, some of the medications prescribed to our pets can have side effects that make them drink and urinate more frequently. Examples include steroids, diuretics that are commonly used for heart failure treatment, and some anti-seizure medications.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Psychogenic Polydypsia: ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Psychogenic polydypsia is drinking excessive water without any underlying cause or illness. Many think this is done from boredom or for attention but it is overall a very rare cause for excessive thirst.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If this sounds like your beloved pup then consider having him or her checked out by your veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"5GTmgUkNNC88FoHN2Ei6Mg"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - Dog drinking water","title":null,"altText":"Small dog drinking water","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - Dog drinking water","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/4yE5v2WpTCkZ5bVKEWkzmy/7051507eea3a1ee00ccf5fba3a73f8d2/MicrosoftTeams-image__289_.png","size":395071,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"PU/PD: Diagnosing and Treating Excessive Drinking and Urinating in Your Pet","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - PU/PD: Diagnosing and Treating Excessive Drinking and Urinating in Your Pet","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"diagnosing-and-treating-excessive-drinking-and-urinating-in-your-pet","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Increased drinking and urinating can be the first sign of a significant health issue. Noticing an increase in either drinking, urinating, or both is a good reason to consult with your veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"For Pet Owners"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Refilling the water bowl more often?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Initially it might seem only a little out of the ordinary that your otherwise healthy dog needs his or her water bowl refilled more frequently throughout the day. Or it might just be annoying when your cat starts asking for the bathroom sink to be turned on several (more) times in the day. Increased drinking can occur with hot weather and increases in exercise but assuming normal routine activities, a consistent uptick in the amount of water your pet drinks should peak your interest.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Waking up to take your dog out to pee during the night?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Increased urinating can be a little trickier to detect. In extreme cases itâs obvious: your dog is asking to go out at 2 a.m. or racing out at 6 a.m. when he/she would have otherwise snoozed until noon if left undisturbed. In other cases, itâs harder to pick up on; sometimes dogs are able to hold their bladders and the only sign is an increase in the volume of urine they produce each time they pee. Cats can be especially tricky. Itâs easy to notice more urine if there is only one cat in the house and the litter box is cleaned daily â suddenly the clumps are huge! But itâs hard in a multi-cat household or with indoor/outdoor cats to really know what they are up to.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Increased drinking and urinating can be the first sign of a significant issue.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Noticing an increase in either drinking, urinating, or both is a good reason to consult with your veterinarian. One important thing to know is that increased drinking is generally accompanied by increased urinating when it is associated with a disease process.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What Might Be the Problem?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There is a fairly sizeable list of things that cause increased urinating and drinking â officially called polyuria and polydipsia and abbreviated as PU/PD.\nIn dogs some of the most common conditions that cause PU/PD are Hyperadrenocorticism (commonly called Cushingâs disease), diabetes mellitus, and kidney diseases of which there are multiple forms. In cats, some of the most common causes are diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, and kidney diseases. There are several other causes of PU/PD that are less common including high calcium levels, liver disease, and Addisonâs disease to name a few.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What Diagnostics are Needed?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The first step to figuring out if there is a serious concern is to have your pet examined by your veterinarian. At this appointment a physical exam and baseline blood w
1079ork including a urinalysis should be performed. This blood work and urine evaluation is the same as typical wellness blood work that might be performed routinely in older animals or before a spay or neuter procedure in a young dog or cat.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"These are simple tests to have performed and they give the most information. Diseases that can be confirmed on initial blood work include diabetes, hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, and a number of electrolyte abnormalities (such as high calcium, low potassium, or low sodium). This first round of diagnostics might also point towards another disease process such as Cushingâs disease, liver failure, and Addisonâs disease. If that is the case, additional testing will be recommended to confirm the suspicion.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"More Advanced Diagnostics","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-2"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In complicated cases your family veterinarian may recommend a referral to a veterinary specialist such as an Internist, who specializes in Internal Medicine and diagnosing diseases. This happens in cases where the diagnosis are confirmed but there are complicating factors, the animal is also sick, or when the first round of testing does not give a clear answer as to why the pet is drinking and urinating more. Next steps may include blood pressure measuring, checking an ionized calcium level, bacterial cultures, abdominal ultrasound, or chest radiographs depending on what is indicated. These diagnostics can provide more answers and allow us to begin treatment of your pet through medication, home recommendations, or diet change.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"While increased trips to the sink and frequent pee trips may just seem like an inconvenience to you at first, these may be signs of something more serious going on. If you notice these symptoms, please consult with your veterinarian for further diagnosis and treatment. You know your pet better than anyone, so they depen
1079d on you to notice even the most subtle changes in their health and behavior.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"Written by Hathaway Fiocchi, DVM, DACVIM","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"6g4Up7CDjt8DI5O092luDL"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - BLOG - NVA - Dog drinking water","title":null,"altText":"Dog drinking water","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - BLOG - NVA - Dog drinking water","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/5zoAUyspTzKXhSJe8Nt5By/909ffc2e60964d05f02a542a2afd4a2c/MicrosoftTeams-image__291_.png","size":270650,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Degenerative Myelopathy in Dogs: Symptoms and Treatment","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Degenerative Myelopathy in Dogs: Symptoms and Treatment","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"degenerative-myelopathy-in-dogs-symptoms-and-treatment","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Canine Degenerative Myelopathy (DM) is a progressive disease of the spinal cord and ultimately the brain stem and cranial nerves which, at its end stages, results in complete paralysis and death.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What is Degenerative Myelopathy?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-2"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Canine Degenerative Myelopathy (DM) is a progressive disease of the spinal cord and ultimately the brain stem and cranial nerves which, at its end stages, results in complete paralysis and death. The closest human equivalent may be Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, or ALS, also known as Lou Gehrigâs disease. The same gene mutation is implicated in both diseases.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"DM was first described as a specific neurological disease in 1973. The cause of the disease is linked to a genetic mutation in the SOD1 gene. The mutated gene has been found in 100 breeds including Cardigan and Pembroke Welsh Corgis, Chesapeake Bay Retrievers, Irish Setters, Boxers, Collies, German Shepard Dogs, and Rhodesian Ridgebacks. In a recent study 2% of German Shepard Dogs were identified as having the disease. Only 0.19% of dogs in general have the condition.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The disease typically appears at between 5 and 14 years of age depending on the breed of dog, but most dogs are at least 8-9 years old. Both sexes appear to be equally affected.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"WHAT IS ACTUALLY HAPPENING?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"DM begins in the spinal cord in the thoracolumbar (behind the shoulder blades to the mid-low back) region. The white matter of the spinal cord, which contains the nerve fibers responsible for transmitting movement commands from the brain to the limbs and sensory information from the limbs to the brain, degenerates. The degeneration consists of demyelination of the nerves and actual loss of nerve fibers. If you think of the nerve fibers as an electric wire, the myelin (a white fatty material that surrounds the nerve fibers) would be the insulating coating on the outside of the wire. Without this coating, nerve impulses cannot be transmitted.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"According to ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"http://vhc.missouri.edu/small-animal-hospital/neurology-neurosurgery/meet-the-team/"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dr. Joan R. Coates","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":", one of the leading experts in this condition, DM is similar to oxidative stress which characteristically has a release of free radicals resulting in cell degeneration.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"SYMPTOMS/WARNING SIGNS","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Degenerative Myelopathy has a slow, insidious onset with a slow progression of weakness. It is not uncommon for the signs to progress slowly, plateau, and then start to progress again. These symptoms often begin in one rear leg and then eventually involve both rear legs as the disease progresses; alternatively, it could affect both rear legs at the same time. This condition is NOT painful. As a result, with appropriate physical therapy and nursing care, patients with DM can still have a good quality of life for a significant length of time. Eventually, dogs will become unable to bear weight in the back legs and may need a cart to move around. Incontinence will develop and later the front legs become affected.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"DIAGNOSIS","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"DM is diagnosed presumptively through genetic testing. Blood or a cheek swab is sent to the lab and evaluated for the genetic marker. There are three possible test results: N/N â both copies of the gene are normal, and the dog does not have DM. N/A â the dog has one normal copy of the gene and one abnormal/affected copy of the gene. Most dogs with this outcome will not develop DM; however, care should be taken to not breed two N/A dogs as this may result in a litter with dogs at risk for DM. A/A â this means the dog is at risk/affected with DM. It is important to rule out other diseases that could mimic DM via MRI and CSF analysis; however, if no other cause is found and the dog is A/A, they most likely have DM. It is important to note that not all dogs that test positive for the A/A genotype will develop DM.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"TREATMENT","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Exercise will help to prolong you dogâs muscle mass and mobility.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Aquatic therapy of either walking or swimming can even be more useful than walking. To date, professional canine rehabilitation (physical therapy) is the only treatment that has been shown to improve quality of life and longevity.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Increased awareness of the level of nursing care necessary to prevent secondary complications such as decubitus ulcers, urinary tract infections and foot damage is also very important.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{}
1079,"marks":[],"value":"The use of a harness to assist in your dogâs mobility and later in your ability to move your dog around are also considerations.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A cart or a progression of carts will not only improve your dogâs mobility but his or her quality of life.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dr. Roger M. Clemmons, suggests that a combination of âdiet, exercise, supplements and medicationsâ may âslow or stop the progression of the clinical signs.â These statements have not been confirmed by peer-reviewed, controlled studies. Anecdotally, we have seen no significant difference in patients that were given these supplements/medications compared to those patients that did not receive them.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"1SyXxuU5au5fMvB8YV6tkY"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - BLOG - NVA - Husky Dog in clinic","title":null,"altText":"Husky dog in clinic","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - BLOG - NVA - Husky Dog in clinic","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3KFbr03fXzjxSt676yKK7f/8cde7b61b87256440c99556fb7d92870/MicrosoftTeams-image__292_.png","size":410571,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Anaphylaxis in Dogs \u0026 Gallbladder Halo Sign","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Anaphylaxis in Dogs \u0026 Gallbladder Halo Sign","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"anaphylaxis-in-dogs-and-gallbladder-halo-signs","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Over the past decade, ultrasound has been slowly integrated into the veterinary industry. As a result, ultrasonography has allowed veterinarians to detect other soft tissue changes and free fluid that would otherwise be missed.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Diagnosing the Condition","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Over the past decade, ultrasound has been slowly integrated into the veterinary industry. As a result, ultrasonography has allowed veterinarians to detect other soft tissue changes and free fluid that would otherwise be missed.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"It is recommended that in patients that present to the emergency room for suspected anaphylaxis that an AFAST (focused assessment with sonography for trauma) is performed for abnormalities. The most common abnormalities that are noted within the abdominal cavity secondary to anaphylaxis are gallbladder edema and hemoabdomen. Furthermore, there can be changes with the caudal vena cava.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"When intramural edema is present the gallbladder wall is characterized sonography as striated with hyperechoic-anechoic-hyperechoic or hyperechoic-hypoechoic-hyperechoic architecture. Other common names for gallbladder wall edema are halo effect, double rim effect, or halo sign.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{}
1079,"marks":[],"value":"Gallbladder wall edema is a sonographic marker for canine anaphylaxis. The canine shock organs that contain the highest concentration of mast cells are the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Interestingly enough, felines do not have the same shock organ as canines. The main shock organ in felines is the lung, therefore gallbladder edema is not a hallmark of anaphylaxis. The cause of the gall bladder edema is due to a massive histamine release within the portal circulation causing hepatic venous sphincter constriction and massive hepatic venous congestion. Anaphylaxis induced gallbladder edema is an immediate occurrence and can last up to 24-48 hours post insult.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Other abnormalities that can be noted secondary to anaphylaxis are an increase in serum alanine transaminase (ALT), hemoabdomen, vomiting, diarrhea as well as cutaneous signs. Although cutaneous signs are absent in nearly 95% of cases. The elevation in ALT typically lags several hours, therefore it cannot be relied upon in the immediate diagnosis of anaphylaxis. The mean value for ALT is 400 IU/L in anaphylactic canines. The hepatic venous congestion along with factors that contribute to acquired coagulopathy leads to a hemoabdomen.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Unfortunately, gallbladder wall edema is not pathognomonic for canine anaphylaxis. In an acutely collapsed or hypotensive canine with gallbladder wall edema, you must rule out other differentials such as pericardial effusion, right-sided heart failure or dilated cardiomyopathy. The caudal vena cava can help determine the cause of the gallbladder wall edema because it is an indirect marker of volume status and central venous pressure. In anaphylaxis the caudal vena cava is flat or small while in pericardial effusion and right sided cardiac cases it is fat or distended due to backflow of blood.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Dogs with anaphylaxis commonly develop abdominal effusion. Abdominal fluid is scored 1 to 4 when using the AFAST (abdominal focused assessment with sonography for trauma) applied fluid scoring system (AFS). The most common abdominal fluid score in anaphylaxis is 1 or 2. The fluid is most commonly located in the diaphragmatic hepatic view. The lower scoring effusions (1 to 2) are often self-resolving and non-coagulopathic. In addition to an AFAST, PCV/TS (packed cell volume/total solids) and coagulation panel (aPTT/PT) is recommended on presentation. A serial AFAST is recommended at least 4 hours post administration or sooner pending patient status. If the fluid score is increasing, then recheck PCV/TS and coagulation panel is recommended. AFAST with AFS should rechecked at least every 4 hours until certain that the acquired coagulopathy was been corrected and the hemoabdomen has been resolved.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The aPTT is more affected by heparin, therefore PT and aPTT times should be discordant with the aPTT being far more prolonged. When the PT is normal or mildly elevated with an out-of-range aPTT, you should have anaphylaxis on your list of differentials for a potential cause of the coagulopathy.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There are cases of canine anaphylaxis that will have a large volume effusion of AFS 3 or 4. Even in large volume effusions the coagulation profile may be within normal limits or slightly above more (\u003c25% above upper reference range). The large volume effusions typically self-resolve in 24 hours if the patient responds favorably to initial resuscitation and therapy. Canine anaphylaxis treatment typically includes fluid resuscitation +/- epinephrine (low dose 0.01 mg/kg IM or IV, repeated every 5-10 minutes, if fails then CRI starting at 0.05 mcg/kg/min), diphenhydramine, famotidine and glucocorticoids (dexamethasone sodium phosphate or prednisone). Abdominocentesis should only be obtained if safely accessible. The PCV of the abdominal fluid is \u003e 50% of the peripheral PCV. When the coagulation profiles are \u003e 25%, clotting factors should be replaced as soon as possible (e.g., fresh frozen plasma).","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Treatment","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"On presentation of a patient that has a hemoabdomen secondary to anaphylaxis it is recommended to administer an initial immunosuppressive dose of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.3 mg/kg IV/IM) followed by an anti-inflammatory dose of prednisone (0.25mg/kg q12hr PO for 3 days then 0.25mg/kg PO q24 hours for 3 days). In addition to the administration of steroid, diphenhydramine (2mg/kg IM/PO PRN) and famotidine (0.5 mg/kg IV/IM/PO q12-24 hours for 5-7 days) are recommended.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"References:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Gregory R. Lisciandro, G. (2020). ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"},{"type":"italic"}],"value":"Update on Canine Anaphylaxis: Diagnosis, Treatment \u0026 Medically-Treated Hemoabdomen \u0026 More than Gallbladder Wall Edema","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":".","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" Hill Country Veterinary Specialists \u0026 FASTVet.com.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"Written by Chelsea Liberati, DVM","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"2jEms2RVX1ssvNuH1HMwo4"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - BLOG - NVA - Brown dog in clinic","title":null,"altText":"Brown dog in clinic","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - BLOG - NVA - Brown dog in clinic","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/SCKQmUKf88VoOy0JL3o7k/6de72e913da969f4e3865e769e1b7c3b/MicrosoftTeams-image__293_.png","size":333965,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Corneal Calcific Degeneration: Calcium Deposits in Your Dogâs Eyes","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Corneal Calcific Degeneration: Calcium Deposits in Your Dogâs Eyes","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"corneal-calcific-degeneration-calcium-deposits in-your-dogs-eyes","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Corneal calcific degeneration (CCD)","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" is a common condition in geriatric (older) pets. CCD is an area of abnormal corneal metabolism, in which calcium can accumulate in the surface of the cornea (the clear dome of the eye). ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Corneal calcific degeneration (CCD)","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" is a common condition in geriatric (older) pets. CCD is an area of abnormal corneal metabolism, in which calcium can accumulate in the surface of the cornea (the clear dome of the eye). This is a condition that can occur in any older patient, but dogs are more prone than cats.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Clinical Signs in Your Petâs Eyes","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Some symptoms to look out for are:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Cloudy/white spots on the front of the eye","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Increased tearing or squinting","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Redness to the tissues around the cornea (the conjunctiva)","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Some patients may experience light sensitivity","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Causes of Corneal Calcific Degeneration in Dogs \u0026 Cats","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"This condition is caused by age-related degeneration of the corneal tissue. Patients with chronic inflammatory conditions (such as dry eye), or patients who have been prescribed long-term topical steroids are more prone to CCD.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Diagnosis","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"CCD is diagnosed based on the appearance of the cornea. A history of white spots developing later in life is also important in evaluation. A Fluorescein stain is performed when this condition is suspected, as patients with CCD can develop corneal ulcers secondary to the calcium sloughing out of the cornea.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Treatment","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your pet has CCD, a topical calcium binding agent is recommended. This medication is called Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA for short), and is made into an eye drop by a compounding pharmacy. EDTA needs to be used routinely for the rest of your petâs life, as this will help to reduce the calcium build-up within the cornea.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your pet has a corneal ulcer associated with calcium sloughing, they should also be prescribed a topical antibiotic to help the ulcer to heal.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"This disease requires lifelong maintenance, but there is no cure. With persistent medical therapy, most pets do remain comfortable.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Prevention","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There is no proven prevention, but early detection is very important as medical treatment is more effective when it is started early. Once the calcium builds up, patients can slough large pieces which can result in corneal ulceration or even worse, a corneal perforation.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If you see white spots on your geriatric petâs eyes, please have them evaluated by your veterinarian for the possibility that the spots are calcium deposits.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"When to See a Specialist","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If you think your pet has the start of calcium deposits and your primary care veterinarian isnât sure, please have them reach out to a Veterinary Ophthalmologist. Our specialists can help your veterinarian diagnose this condition with photographs and a discu
1079ssion about their exam findings so that early treatment can be initiated.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"Y8eCvtWvCPHxsQVFHmeQ3"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - Girl Lying Down Playing with Golden Retriever (Dog)","title":null,"altText":"Girl Lying Down Playing with Golden Retriever (Dog)","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - Girl Lying Down Playing with Golden Retriever (Dog)","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/1zOm9ONrs6xhMJP4RH4gOB/d474e06cfcbe97dad9c30bc612f90a56/iStock-956318386.jpg","size":194365,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) in Dogs","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) in Dogs","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"osteochondritis-dissecans-in-dogs","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Osteochondrosis of the shoulder joint is a common cause of lameness in dogs. Fortunately the outcome with surgical treatment is generally excellent when arthroscopy is performed early in life.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Osteochondrosis of the shoulder joint is a common cause of lameness in dogs. Fortunately the outcome with surgical treatment is generally excellent when arthroscopy is performed early in life.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What is OCD of the Shoulder?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"OCD (osteochondrosis dessicans) is probably the leading cause of osteoarthritis of the shoulder joint. Shoulder OCD occurs when a piece of cartilage separates from the underlying bone. Pain is due to inflammation of the joint and exposure of nerves in the bone under the cartilage flap.Shoulder OCD in dogs has been demonstrated to be a genetic disease and cannot be caused by diet or exercise although excessive exercise in a dog with untreated shoulder OCD may make the lameness more severe.OCD of the shoulder is usually found in young dogs ranging from 6 months to 2 years of age.The clinical sign of shoulder OCD is lameness of one or both forelegs. Dogs with shoulder OCD may have trouble getting up and often have some muscle loss and pain when the joint is moved.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"How is Shoulder OCD Diagnosed?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The diagnosis of shoulder OCD is usually straightÂforward because most lesions are easy to see on radiographs (x-rays) of the shoulder joint. The normal curve of the joint surface is interrupted by a flat area representing the abnormal cartilage.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"How is Shoulder OCD Treated?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Treatment of shoulder OCD should be strongly considered by dog owners because surgical removal of the flap almost always results in elimination of the lameness whereas nonsurgical management often results in continued limping and may result in severe osteoarthritis later in life.Removing the cartilage flap lets the underlying bone heal, stops the irritation of the joint, and keeps the flap from mov
1079ing into another part of the joint where it might cause other problems. We strongly recommend using arthroscopy to reÂmove the flap to avoid large incisions and for a faster recovery.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Are There Complications?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Complications with arthroscopic treatment for shoulder OCD are very rare (less than 2 percent). The most common complication is swelling of the shoulder that resolves in several days. Anesthetic complications, infection, or nerve damage are very uncommon.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What is the Outcome of Treatment?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The outcome with arthroscopic treatment of shoulder OCD is generally excellent with complete resolution of lameness over several months following surgery. Physical therapy can accelerate the recovery. In most cases there is little residual arthritis which may be apparent after very heavy exercise or as the dog becomes much older.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Arthroscopic Surgery","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Arthroscopy is performed by a highly experienced and caring surg
1079ical team who prioritize your petâs welfare. Our philosophy is to educate owners and help them make the best decisions for their pet and their family.Arthroscopy is an advanced surgical technique for examination and treatment of joint disease. In arthroscopy the surgeon makes a small incision and inserts a pen sized instrument (arthroscope) to work inside the joint. Arthroscopy provides better visualization and greater opportunities for treatment of joint disease while being much less invasive than traditional surgery. Recovery from surgery is quicker, the incision is smaller and in most cases patients will not need to spend the night at the hospital.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"52geahvh5bLCyfkgZydJg7"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - BLOG - NVA - Brown dog laying down in bed","title":null,"altText":"Brown dog laying down in bed","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - BLOG - NVA - Brown dog laying down in bed","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/4qBaIYptfBjgjtIQ9AXTne/f453b74a4faa952f411231b042b571c3/MicrosoftTeams-image__294_.png","size":185024,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Liver Lobectomy for Liver Masses","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Liver Lobectomy for Liver Masses","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"liver-lobectomy-for-liver-masses","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Liver lobectomy refers to removal of a liver lobe. In dogs and cats, the liver is made up of six separate lobes.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs \u0026 Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What is a liver lobectomy?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Liver lobectomy refers to removal of a liver lobe. In dogs and cats, the liver is made up of six separate lobes. Beginning from the left side of the abdomen, these include the left lateral lobe, left medial lobe, quadrate lobe, right medial lobe, right lateral lobe, and caudate lobe. Surgical removal of large liver tumors often requires concurrent removal of a substantial amount of normal liver tissue. Thankfully the healthy liver tissue has a strong regenerative capacity and removal of 65% â 70% of the total liver volume can be performed without significant consequence. Liver regeneration begins within hours after liver lobectomy and may last up to 6 â 10 weeks.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Why is a liver lobectomy performed?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The most common reason to perform a liver lobectomy is to remove a mass that has been diagnosed within the liver. Masses found within the liver may be benign, malignant, or may represent metastasis (spread) from a tumor located elsewhere.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What are the most common types of liver masses in dogs and cats?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The most common type of liver mass in the dog is termed a massive hepatocellular carcinoma. These masses have a relatively low metastatic rate (chance of spreading elsewhere in the body, between 4% â 35%) and are most often found on the left side of the liver. Surgery is the treatment of choice for this tumor and generally carries a favorable prognosis. In one study, dogs that underwent successful surgery for removal of a massive hepatocellular carcinoma ultimately lived longer than four years following surgery. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are not considered to be highly effective for treatment of massive hepatocellular carcinoma.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{}
1079,"marks":[],"value":"Approximately 30% of canine hepatocellular tumors are benign adenomas. They are most often diagnosed incidentally but can grow to be quite large. These masses can be difficult to differentiate from massive hepatocellular carcinomas without evaluation of the tissue microscopically. When associated with symptoms from their growth within the abdomen, surgical removal of these benign masses is considered to be the treatment of choice.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"In cats, bile duct tumors are the most commonly diagnosed liver masses. Benign masses (bile duct adenomas or biliary cyst adenomas) are seen twice as frequently as malignant tumors (bile duct carcinomas). The prognosis for bile duct adenomas after surgical removal is thought to be very good. Sadly, the prognosis for malignant biliary tumors in cats is quite poor. Metastases are frequently (~65%) seen and a mortality rate of 100% in the perioperative period has been reported.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A multitude of other tumors types can be seen in dogs and cats, including hemangiosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, mesenchymoma, chondrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, mast cell tumors, histiocytic sarcoma, and lymphoma. Prognosis and preferred treatment method varies greatly with tumor type.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The liver is a common site for metastasis of cancer from other bodily organs. Lymphoma is the most common tumor seen to spread to the liver, followed by carcinomas. The prognosis for metastatic liver masses is generally very poor.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What are some signs that my pet may have a liver tumor?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Liver tumors are more commonly seen in older pets. Clinical signs can be vague, but may include vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, or weight loss. In more severe cases, your veterinarian may be able to feel the mass is in the abdomen, there may be free fluid within the abdomen causing a distended appearance, or your pet may be jaundiced (have a yellow-tinged appearance to the skin, eyes, or gums).","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"How is a liver tumor diagnosed?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Often the first abnormality noticed is elevations of liver enzymes (ALKP, ALT, GGT, AST) on routine screening bloodwork. This finding often prompts evaluation with further imaging, including abdominal radiographs (x-rays) or ultrasound.  On abdominal radiographs, a liver mass is often seen as a mass in the front of the abdomen which displaces the surrounding organs.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Abdominal ultrasound can be very helpful, and may allow determination of which liver lobe or lobes are affected, the approximate size of the mass lesion, and proximity of the mass to other important vital structures, including the gall bladder and the vena cava (large vein in the abdomen that lies close to the liver).","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Diagnosis of tumor type can be challenging without surgical intervention. Ultrasound-guided aspirates (using a needle to try to obtain cells from a tumor) can be performed but yield an accurate diagnosis in only 14% â 50% of dogs and in 33% of cats when compared to evaluation of tissue (biopsy or histopathology). Some tumor types, such as lymphoma, are generally readily identified by fine needle aspirate and respond well to chemotherapy; surgery is not recommended with lymphoma.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Thoracic radiographs (chest x-rays) and complete blood w
1079ork should be performed in any pet diagnosed with a liver mass. A CT scan may be recommended to better evaluate the resectability of (ability to safely remove) a liver mass from its size and location, as well as to evaluate for the presence of metastatic disease.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"How do you treat tumors of the liver?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"For most types of liver masses, surgical removal of the affected liver lobe(s) is the recommended treatment; this is referred to as a liver lobectomy. A standard surgical approach to the abdomen is performed through a midline incision. The blood supply to the affected liver lobe may be sealed using staples or suture material.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Some liver masses cannot be removed in their entirety without high risk of bleeding (hemorrhage) at surgery or compromise to other organ systems. In these situations the surgeon will either attempt to remove as much of the liver mass as can be done safely or will instead elect to collect a biopsy of the liver (histopathology) to determine if further treatment is necessary. After removal, the abnormal tissue is submitted for tissue evaluation.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Thoracoscopy is a minimally invasive technique that allows our surgeons to visualize the chest cavity without the need to separate the ribs. Procedures that can be performed thoracoscopically include lung biopsy, partial lung lobectomy, pericardal window and subtotal pericardiectomy. If the surgery is performed minimally invasively the patient may be able to go home the same day with a significantly smaller incision, and should experience a quicker return to normal function post surgery.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What can I expect after surgery?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-3"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Generally your pet will remain in hospital monitored closely in the ICU for between 36 â 48 hours following liver lobectomy. The red blood cell volume is monitored following surgery to ensure that no postoperative hemorrhage occurs. Injectable pain medications are administered until the morning of anticipated discharge from the hospital to make certain your pet is comfortable.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Following discharge from the hospital, exercise restriction is recommended for 10-14 days. During that period of time no running, jumping, or rough-housing activity should be allowed. A recheck examination with your surgeon is recommended two weeks following discharge from the hospital to ensure the abdominal incision is healed prior to return to full activity. Biopsy results are generally available 5 â 7 days following submission of the sample. The surgeon will contact you with further information and recommendations when the results are received.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"Written by Staff Veterinarian","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"QZpR5qmvwUs24WyXVIoK1"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - BLOG - Dog looking up","title":null,"altText":"Dog outside looking up","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - BLOG - Dog looking up","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/6C1MF2ZtHTWfA8KgjI8Ufx/d34f561692a1d8b4f3fe28024f18d200/MicrosoftTeams-image__296_.png","size":393936,"width":1255,"he
1079ight":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Urinary Blockages in Cats","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Urinary Blockages in Cats","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"urinary-blockages-in-cats","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Urinary blockages are caused by the accumulation of minerals in the urinary tract, which can cause a formation of an obstruction by crystals or stones.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Urinary blockages are caused by the accumulation of minerals in the urinary tract, which can cause a formation of an obstruction by crystals or stones. There can be other less common causes such as tumors, lesions and scar tissue as well.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What is a Urinary Blockage/Urinary Obstruction?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Urinary blockages are caused by the accumulation of minerals in the urinary tract, which can cause a formation of an obstruction by crystals or stones. There can be other less common causes such as tumors, lesions and scar tissue as well.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If not treated, urinary blockages can be fatal.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Symptoms of a Urinary Blockage","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Some symptoms to look out for are:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"straining to urinate","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"blood-tinged urine","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"accidents outside the litter box","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"lethargy","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"decreased appetite","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"vomiting","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"How do I know if my cat is straining to urinate?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"When cats are straining to urinate it may seem like they are constipated. They may be going in and out of their litter box multiple times, producing little to no urine at all. You may notice your cat crying, howling when trying to urinate or notice odd signs like hiding or showing unusual behavior.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What to do if you think your cat is blocked","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Itâs important for cats to be seen right away by their veterinarian or an emergency vet if he/she is showing these signs due to the critical nature of this disease. Urinary obstructions can cause acute renal disease from increased pressure in the renal system and the inability to eliminate urea and other waste through the urine.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If left untreated, a urinary blockage can lead to kidney failure and death within 24-48 hours.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"What you can do to prevent your cat from getting blocked","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"There are a few preventive measures you can take to help avoid a urinary blockage:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"keep your cat hydrated","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"provide plenty of enrichment/toys to reduce stress","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"keep the litter box clean","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If your cat has shown symptoms of UTIs or has had a urinary obstruction before, ask your veterinarian if a urinary health prescription diet may help. These are specially formulated to promote a healthy bladder and help dissolve struvite stones and calcium oxalate crystals.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If youâre ever unsure if your cat or dog is suffering from a urinary obstruction, donât he
1079sitate to give us a call or come straight here. Time is important in these cases! We are here for you 24/7/365.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"3woi72TKQZTYvOkz8Dpzn4"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - BLOG - NVA - Gray tabby cat","title":null,"altText":"Gray cat on yellow couch","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - BLOG - NVA - Gray tabby cat","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/3pv2uirtZWg2LqsvChpcnW/01ee9ee4894906817b50f2dd79c8eb82/MicrosoftTeams-image__295_.png","size":254423,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"Essential Oil Poisoning In Dogs: Signs \u0026 Symptoms","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - Essential Oil Poisoning In Dogs: Signs \u0026 Symptoms","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"essential-oil-poisoning-in-dogs-signs-and-symptoms","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"With essential oils becoming more popular in health, natural cleaning products, and relaxation it is good to know how this affects your furry house mates. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs "},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"With essential oils becoming more popular in health, natural cleaning products, and relaxation it is good to know how this affects your furry house mates. Essential oils are the extracted organic components of plants that give them their characteristic fragrance or taste. They are popularly used for aromatherapy by inhalation (candles, incense, diffusers) or rubbing into the skin (perfumes and oils). They are also found in many insecticides, personal care products (e.g., antibacterials), flavorings, herbal remedies, and liquid potpourri.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Unfortunately, there are a lot of essential oils that are harmful to your cats and dogs, whether it be by diffusing machine or the oil itself. Our pets have a stronger reaction to these products than we do. Many essential oils are toxic to pets and may cause severe respiratory irritation, GI upset, liver failure, paralysis, and other life-threatening symptoms listed below.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Essential Oils Which are Poisonous to Dogs:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"ACCORDING TO THE PET POISON HELPLINE","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Tea tree oil (Melaleuca 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HELPLINE","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Oil of Wintergreen","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Oil of Sweet Birch","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Citrus oil (d-limonene)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Pine oils","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Ylang Ylang oil","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Peppermint oil","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Cinnamon oil","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Pennyroyal oil","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Clove oil","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Eucalyptus oil","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Tea tree oil","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Symptoms to Watch Out For","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"A few red flags that we should be looking for are:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Behavior changes (depression, fatigue, weakness)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Difficulty breathing (labored breathing, fast breathing, coughing, wheezing)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Drooling and/or vomiting","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Tremors","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Ataxia (difficulty walking, stumbling, wobbling)","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Redness or burns around the mouth or nose","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Paralysis of the rear 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The precautions you can use are pretty simple. Keep these essential oils out of reach of children and your pe ats in a secure container and ask your primary veterinarian what you can use and what could be harmful to your pet. There are also alternative products that you can use that are calming and not harmful for you pet in a stressful situation that are available in treats, capsules, or liquids.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If you think your pet may have been exposed ton essential oil, please donât he
1079sitate to give us a call or bring your pet to the nearest emergency veterinarian. You may also consider calling the ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.petpoisonhelpline.com/"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"24/7 Pet Poison Hotline","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" with questions or for advice.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}},"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"6rRO2nOiD1z7VblsTISa87"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - White Dog Lying Next to Poisonous Foods for Dogs","title":null,"altText":"White Dog Lying Next to Poisonous Foods for Dogs","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - NVA - MASTER - BLOG - HOME - White Dog Lying Next to Poisonous Foods for Dogs","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/5xLdrNlqA33GaNbboAhc0G/73f27a59dcdfbdb8f40c94a470a52d82/blog.jpg","size":179959,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"CT Scan for Pets: What You Need to Know","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - CT Scan for Pets: What You Need to Know","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"ct-scan-for-pets-what-you-need-to-know","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Computed Tomography (CT), commonly referred to as a Cat Scan or CT, uses x-rays and a computer to generate cross-sectional images of a region of interest. ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs \u0026 Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Computed Tomography (CT), commonly referred to as a Cat Scan or CT, uses x-rays and a computer to generate cross-sectional images of a region of interest. In veterinary medicine, a CT scan is often used for imaging of the chest, abdomen, nose, bones and joints.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"How does a CT scan work?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Computed Tomography is commonly referred to as a CT scan. This technology is very useful when looking at parts of the body such as the lungs and thorax, nasal passage and sinuses, ears, abdomen and some orthopedic structures. CT scans are non-invasive and are not painful.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"The table on which the animal is laying is slowly advanced into the part of the machine that performs the scan (called the gantry). An x-ray tube rotates 360° around the patient to record the x-rays from many angles, creating slices. The number of images taken depends on the area and size of the suspected problem. When the computer finishes processing the information, the slices are stacked together to create a three dimensional image of your pet without superimposition of organs or other tissues.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Why has a CT scan been recommended for my pet?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Animals who are candidates for a CT scan include those with:","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"blockquote"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Lung disease","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{}
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1079deType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"CT scans provide better differentiation of bones and soft tissues than conventional radiographs (x-rays) because this slice-based x-ray technology avoids the superimposition of structures that occurs with radiology, and because CT can differentiate between fluid and soft tissue. An iodine-based contrast media is usually injected intravenously to further increase the differentiation of tissue. The results of the CT scan will help your veterinarian make a definitive diagnosis and offer you the best options for treating your pet.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Normal examination of the lungs with thoracic CT.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Are there any known complications from a CT scan?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"CT scans are considered safe, but they do utilize ionizing radiation (like an x-ray). There can be some side effects associated with the iodine-containing contrast which may be injected during the procedure. If your pet has seizures, kidney disease, or cardiac disease, we may elect to use a different type of contrast or not give contrast at all. If CT is used to guide tissue sampling, side effects can include bleeding or a leak of the lung which leads to air around the lung.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"How should I prepare my pet for the CT scan?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Pets having a CT scan must be anesthetized so that they remain still for the procedure, which lasts about 30-60 minutes. In preparation for general anesthesia, please follow the instructions provided by your veterinarian for fasting. Ask your veterinarian for instructions if your pet is on any medications.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What should I expect during my petâs CT scan?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Your pet will be anesthetized approximately 30-60 minutes for the CT scan. Before any anesthesia is given, we will make sure that your pet is healthy enough to undergo anesthesia. We will place an intravenous catheter for fluid administration throughout the procedure. Your petâs vital signs will be carefully monitored during and after anesthesia.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What happens to my pet after the CT scan?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"After the CT scan, we will watch your pet closely until he/she has recovered. Once your pet is standing and able to move around safely, he/she will be able to be discharged to you. You will be notified as to when you may pick up your pet.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Your pet may urinate a large amount after they get home because of the fluids given during the anesthesia. Once home, it will be important to keep your pet away from stairs and obstacles and feed only a small meal. The effects of general anesthesia should be gone within about 24 hours. If you feel your pet has not fully recovered by that time, please call us or your regular veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"How will I learn the results of the CT scan?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"A board certified veterinary radiologist will review and create a report based on your petâs CT images. Then, the specialist who recommended and performed your petâs procedure will contact you and your veterinarian.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"What will my pet experience during a CT scan?","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"We made a video giving an inside look at a veterinary CT machine being used on a dog.","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"\n","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"links":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentLinks","entries":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContentAssets","block":[]}}}
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1079,"blogImage":{"__typename":"Image","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"4l6pdMvFuBNIXporSyQrCa"},"name":"IMAGE CONTAINER - BLOG - NVA - Dog in clinic","title":null,"altText":"Dog in clinic","imageCaption":null,"attribution":null,"image":{"__typename":"Asset","title":"IMAGE - BLOG - NVA - Dog in clinic","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/2pwSdkh7HZZpRb9y4agN8T/fd25a740857ac5cf580b7f4318526179/MicrosoftTeams-image__298_.png","size":532161,"width":1255,"height":685,"contentType":"image/jpeg"},"mobileImage":null},"webpageBlog":null,"shareLinks":null},{"__typename":"Blog","featured":false,"title":"7 E-Collar Tips for Dogs After Surgery","name":"BLOG ARTICLE - ETHOS MASTER - 7 E-Collar Tips for Dogs After Surgery","blogAuthor":null,"blogDate":null,"url":"7-e-collar-tips-for-dogs-after-surgery","blogShortDescription":{"__typename":"BlogBlogShortDescription","json":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"If youâre a pet owner, chances are, youâve heard of the âCone of Shameâ made famous by a certain amusing Golden Retriever in the movie ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"Up","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":". ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}},"blogCategory":{"__typename":"BlogCategory","categoryName":"Dogs \u0026 Cats"},"relatedBlogs":null,"blogContent":{"__typename":"BlogBlogContent","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If youâre a pet owner, chances are, youâve heard of the âCone of Shameâ made famous by a certain amusing Golden Retriever in the movie ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"Up","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":". This term has a somewhat negative connotation, which we would like to dispel.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"When your pet needs a cone:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"These âconesâ are really called Elizabethan Collars, or E-collars for short. While they look uncomfortable, pets adapt to them easier than you might think.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Most commonly, E-collars are prescribed to patients after surgery to prevent infection or opening the stitches caused by licking at the incision site. Ophthalmology and Dermatology patients may also need E-collars to prevent further injury or irritation from rubbing.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDdpqdxJHAc"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"How to Use an E-Collar","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":" \u003e\u003e","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The length of the cone depends on the size of your petâs face and how easily he/she can reach the affected area or incision.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Tips for adjusting to E-collar life","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Remember: itâs just for now! While having your pet in an E-collar may cause some inconveniences or extra work on your part, in most cases itâs only while theyâre recovering or going through treatment. They will need your help for the time being though:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"ordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Your pet may bump into things, so move any precious valuables in your house to higher shelves!","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Harnesses can help with
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1079d":"S1JKzDWyQVQTwTbFFk5oY"},"url":"/privacy-policy","removeFooter":null,"removeHeader":null,"pageType":"Other","titleTag":"Privacy Policies","metaDescription":"Please take the time and familiarize yourself with our Privacy Policy. This should help better inform you about our website.","ogimage":null,"doNotCrawl":null,"overrideContactInformation":null,"birdeyeBusinessId":null,"itemsCollection":{"__typename":"TemplateDynamicLayoutPageItemsCollection","items":[{"__typename":"RichTextBlob","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"1mrbOimHiqxhqR62J96FQ3"},"name":"RICH TEXT BLOB - Privacy Policy USA","topPadding":"Default","bottomPadding":"Default","categoryTitle":null,"anchorLink":null,"body":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBody","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"heading-2","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Privacy Statement USA","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Last Updated: August 2026","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Overview","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"National Veterinary Associates (âNVAâ) respects your privacy and is committed to protecting your personal information. This Privacy Statement provides you with information about how we collect, use, and share personal information at NVA through our websites, products, mobile applications, or other sites that display this Privacy Statement (the âSitesâ). This Privacy Statement also applies to data gathered from you in person and at any of our pet resorts, veterinary hospitals, or clinics (also, the âSitesâ) and when you apply for a job at NVA.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyLinks","entries":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyAssets","block":[]}}}},{"__typename":"AccordionBlade","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"4g19eWljOfnSfyylpD35pc"},"name":"ACCORDION BLADE - Privacy Policy USA","fontColor":"Dark","sectionHeadline":null,"description":null,"cta":null,"anchorLink":null,"accordionType":"Regular","overrideBackground":{"__typename":"OverrideBackground","backgroundId":"No Theme - White #ffffff","colorBackground":"#ffffff","colorVariable":null,"imageBackground":null,"imageBackgroundEntry":null},"accordionContentCollection":{"__typename":"AccordionBladeAccordionContentCollection","items":[{"__typename":"Accordion","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"6ShnPjMavD8BPM43sDQ1mL"},"header":"Contact NVA","body":{"__typename":"AccordionBody","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"To ask questions or comment about this privacy statement or our privacy practices or to exercise any of your privacy rights:","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"email us: ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"mailto:[email protected]"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"[email protected]","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Or mail us: NVA, Attention: Privacy, 1 Baxter Way, Ste. 200, Westlake Village, CA 91362","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Or call us: ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"tel:8339733877"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"833-973-3877","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Or complete the ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"#privacy-request-form"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"webform available here","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}},"multiLocationContainer":null}
1079,{"__typename":"Accordion","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"3WJX1PLOavODGSIc9rCHIl"},"header":"Information We Collect \u0026 How We Use It","body":{"__typename":"AccordionBody","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Personal information is information about You or a combination of information about You that could directly or indirectly be used to identify you. This includes identifiers like a name, ID number, location data, or factors about physical, genetic, economic, cultural, or social identity. Below is a description of the types of personal information that our Sites collect and process, why we collect and process it, and whether or not we âsellâ or âshareâ personal information. The term âsellâ means to exchange personal information for monetary or non-monetary value. 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1079,{"__typename":"Accordion","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"38gHJEzVfTJMuEOhbVhrZC"},"header":"Access to Specific Information and Data Portability Rights","body":{"__typename":"AccordionBody","json":{"nodeType":"document","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"You have the right to request that we disclose to you the following:","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The categories of personal information that weâve collected and sold about you, or shared for a business purpose with our services providers;","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The sources from which we collected such information;","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The third parties with whom weâve shared your personal information and to whom we have sold that personal information;","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The business or commercial purpose for collecting or selling your personal information; and","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The specific pieces of personal information that weâve collected about you.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"To exercise the right to access, ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"hyperlink","data":{"uri":"#privacy-request-form"},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"please contact us","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"text","value":".","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}},"multiLocationContainer":null},{"__typename":"Accordion","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"3uQM54ESQbU8aI2aPMRQUg"}
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1079ized for their septic or foreign object removal surgery over the course of 5 days.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"One follow-up visit on the 10th day following surgery (if surgery was performed).","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Any dog that is undergoing surgery to resolve abdominal sepsis.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Any dog undergoing surgery to remove a foreign object from its intestines who does ","marks":[],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"NOT ","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"have sepsis.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"PARTICIPATING HOSPITALS","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Bulger Veterinary Hospital, Lawrence, MA","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Veterinary Specialty Hospital, North County","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Veterinary Specialty Hospital, San Diego","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Benefits of Participation","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"By having your dog participate, you are helping to advance medical knowledge for both humans and animals.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"All of the procedures associated with the study are free of charge (up to a $1,000 value).","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Procedures include exam fees and blood work cost.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyLinks","entries":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyAssets","block":[]}}}},{"__typename":"Spacer","space":"Small","name":"SPACER - MASTER - Ethos Hospitals - Apple Green","background":{"__typename":"OverrideBackground","backgroundId":"Capital District Veterinary Referral Hospital 5115 - Apple Green","colorBackground":"#a4cc7c","colorVariable":null,"imageBackground":{"__typename":"Asset","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/27yKiBovl70dTUC717sedx/767e848caff474d302c37330870bf64c/IMAGE_-_Capital_District_Veterinary_Referral_Hospital_5115_-_Apple_Green__-A4CC7C_.png","title":"ASSET - OVERRIDE BACKGROUND - Capital District Veterinary Referral Hospital 5115 - Apple Green (#A4CC7C)","size":3513,"height":500,"width":500}
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Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone cancer typically found in the long bones (arms and legs).","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"We are looking for a rare subset of patients:\n","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":"Intestinal dysbiosis is a broad term that is defined as the imbalance of gut microbiota associated with an unhealthy outcome. In human patients, intestinal dysbiosis has been associated with colorectal, lung, and breast cancer tumor progression.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"To date, no studies have been published investigating the relationship between the intestinal microbiome in dogs or humans with osteosarcoma (OSA). If your dog has been recently diagnosed with osteosarcoma, we welcome your participation in our study.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Intestinal dysbiosis","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" is an alteration in the composition and/or richness of the normal bacterial population in the intestines. It has been suggested that states of intestinal dysbiosis exist and may possibly correlate with various diseases, such as cancer and immune-mediated diseases. The effect of intestinal dysbiosis on the progression of various diseases is currently lacking in both human and veterinary medicine.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"IS YOUR DOG ELIGIBLE?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dogs with osteosarcoma confirmed on biopsy (with or without evidence of metastasis) are eligible to participate in this study.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"If you are interested, please fill out the form below. Our expert team of veterinarians will be in touch to confirm eligibility and discuss next steps.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"PARTICIPATING HOSPITALS","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Any patient from any hospital in the world can participate in this study as long as the patient has a biopsy result confirming the diagnosis. If you have a patient who may be eligible to participate in the study, please submit the form below;
1079 we will be in touch to discuss the patient and next steps for submitting the samples.\n","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"How You Can Help","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Send us a Stool Sample!","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}},{"nodeType":"text","value":" ","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Participation in this study is free, and any eligible patient can participate in this study.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The patient must have a biopsy result confirming the diagnosis (with or without evidence of metastasis).","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Contact us to confirm eligibility, and weâll send you a mailing kit.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Interested?","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Inquire about your dogâs eligibility or request more information below","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyLinks","entries":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyAssets","block":[]}}}},{"__typename":"Spacer","space":"Small","name":"SPACER - MASTER - Ethos Hospitals - Apple Green","background":{"__typename":"OverrideBackground","backgroundId":"Capital District Veterinary Referral Hospital 5115 - Apple Green","colorBackground":"#a4cc7c","colorVariable":null,"imageBackground":{"__typename":"Asset","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/27yKiBovl70dTUC717sedx/767e848caff474d302c37330870bf64c/IMAGE_-_Capital_District_Veterinary_Referral_Hospital_5115_-_Apple_Green__-A4CC7C_.png","title":"ASSET - OVERRIDE BACKGROUND - Capital District Veterinary Referral Hospital 5115 - Apple Green (#A4CC7C)","size":3513,"height":500,"width":500},"imageBackgroundEntry":null}},{"__typename":"Mailchimp","name":"JOTFORM - Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County 5123 - Clinical Studies","embedCode":null,"jotFormLink":"https://nva.jotform.com/241057156453959"}]}},{"__typename":"TemplateDynamicLayoutPage","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"5qbBUOrfBm9aohEajNaS65"},"url":"/clinical-studies/methylnaltrexone-clinical-study","removeFooter":null,"removeHeader":null,"pageType":"Other","titleTag":"Methylnaltrexone (MNTX) Clinical Study","metaDescription":"This study seeks to define the rate at which methylnaltrexone (MNTX) is metabolized in dogs following intravenous administration.","ogimage":null,"doNotCrawl":null,"overrideContactInformation":null,"birdeyeBusinessId":null,"itemsCollection":{"__typename":"TemplateDynamicLayoutPageItemsCollection","items":[{"__typename":"PromoBanner","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"4RS5S6ahSlvSlX94rrDsuL"},"name":"PROMO BANNER - Veterinary Specialty Hospital - North County 5123 - Methylnaltrexone (MNTX)","fontColor":"Light","anchorLink":null,"categoryTitle":null,"linkedFrom":{"__typename":"PromoBannerLinkingCollections","templateDynamicLayoutPageCollection":{"__typename":"TemplateDynamicLayoutPageCollection","items":[{"__typename":"TemplateDynamicLayoutPage","sys":{"__typename":"Sys","id":"5qbBUOrfBm9aohEajNaS65"}}]}},"backgroundImage":null,"overrideBackground":{"__typename":"OverrideBackground","backgroundId":"Ethos - Midnight Green (#063C40)","colorBackground":"#063C40","colorVariable":null,"imageBackground":{"__typename":"Asset","url":"https://images.ctfassets.net/rt5zmd3ipxai/22HorfRkppVshvedgkacVE/4fb48aa9ba594b2ca2b1834378184245/063C40.png","title":"IMAGE - MASTER - Ethos - Midnight Green (#063C40)","size":1398,"height":340,"width":342}
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1079still receive the beneficial pain control normally achieved through opioids but will not be at as high of a risk for postoperative complications brought on by ileus and regurgitation.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"WHAT TO EXPECT","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Eligible patients will initially undergo the collection of blood samples over a 12-hour period on the first day of the study after receiving an injection of MNTX.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dogs will then have additional injections of MNTX and one-time blood samples collected every 24 hours for 4 more days.","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dogs weighing more than 5 kg (11 lbs).","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dogs with no known sensitivity to MNTX.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Dogs without liver or renal diseases.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"PARTICIPATING HOSPITALS","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Bulger Veterinary Hospital, Lawrence, MA","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"VSH â North County, San Marcos, CA","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Benefits of Participation","marks":[],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Pet owners who participate receive","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"blockquote","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Free of charge:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"The cost of the MNTX, physical exams, hospitalization, and diagnostics associated with the study. Costs outside of the study requirements will not be covered.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Additional coverage:","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"unordered-list","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"list-item","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Up to $3,000 towards the cost associated with treating any side effects suspected to be related to the study protocol.","marks":[],"data":{}}]}]}]}]}]},{"nodeType":"heading-3","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Interested?","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]},{"nodeType":"paragraph","data":{},"content":[{"nodeType":"text","value":"Enroll or request more information below","marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"data":{}}]}]},"links":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyLinks","entries":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyEntries","inline":[],"block":[]},"assets":{"__typename":"RichTextBlobBodyAssets","block":[]}}}},{"__typename":"Spacer","space":"Small","name":"SPACER - MASTER - Ethos Hospitals - Apple Green","background":{"__typename":"OverrideBackgroun
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