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203    	<div class="title"><h1>NIO Introduction</h1></div>
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205        <div class="pagenation">&nbsp;<a href="index.html">Home</a> <i>/</i> <a href="introduction.html">Introduction</a></div>
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222            <h3><a >National Institute of Oceanography Karachi, Pakistan</a></h3>
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226            <p>The National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) is located in Karachi. It was established in 1981 by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of Pakistan <a href="http://www.most.gov.pk/">MoST</a>. Its Head Office is at Clifton Karachi, with three sub-stations at Gwadar, Sonmiani and Ghora Bari. The main area of research of the Institute is the north Arabian Sea and beyond. The oceanic and atmospheric processes of the north Arabian Sea modify our climate, offer numerous living and non-living resources, Oceanographic research brings together all the scientific disciplines needed to study the ocean: <a href="departments.html">Departments</a> </p>
227            <br><p>The ambit of oceanography extends from the atmosphere to the ocean floor and below it, and from the coastal region to the great mass of the deep oceans.</p>
228            <br><p>Pakistan coast is about 990 Km long extending from Indian border in the east to the Iranian border in the west. The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Pakistan is about 240,000 sq. km, with additional continental shelf area of about 50,000 sq. km. As such, the total maritime zone of Pakistan is over 30% of the land area. This region is characterized by distinctive oceanic phenomena, that produces rich fisheries, mineral, and hydrocarbon resource.</p>
229            <p>
230                <br>
231                <ol>
232                    <li>Monsoon and climatic change</li>
233                    <li>Upwelling and circulation</li>
234                    <li>Mixing of Red Sea and Gulf Water</li>
235                    <li>Indus estuary and sedimentation</li>
236                    <li>Submarine Indus Cone</li>
237                    <li>Murray Fracture Zone (Leaky Transform Fault)</li>
238                    <li>Makran Subduction Margin</li>
239             </ol>
240            </p>
241                <p>Extensive survey, data collection and research are required to understand the above processes and features which have direct bearing on locating the living and nonliving resources and their sustainable exploitation and conservation. The programme of NIO has been oriented and set up to develop the capabilities and facilities for achieving these objectives.
242                </p>
243                <br>
244                <p>The latest major achievement of National Institute of Oceanography is the submission of Case for the Extension of Pakistan’s Continental Shelf to the United Nation’s Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS). It is estimated that an area of more than 50,000 sq km of the extended continental shelf can be annexed to our existing 240,000 sq km offshore area of EEZ. The project will contribute directly to the petroleum and mineral sector in general and to the offshore maritime industry/market in particular.Latest high speed workstations and dedicated soft ware’s, such as CARIS LOTS, CARIS GIS, SEISVISION, HYPACK, VISTA, ARC VIEW, FLEDRMAUS and QTC5 are in use at NIO. The Institute is equipped to process and interpret bathymetric as well as 2D multi-channel seismic data. NIO is using MIKE-21 Hydrodynamical model and other sophisticated soft wares in oceanographic and coastal hydrodynamic studies. NIO through the acquisition of oceanographic Data and using dedicated models provide services for the solutions of coastal engineering problems, assistance in designing of ports and jetties, studies for stabilities of intake & outfall channels of power plants, desalination plants designed for c
244oastal areas, prediction of physical environment for nearshore/offshore structures and desk studies of coastal hydrodynamics.</p>
245           <br>
246                 <p><b>NIO has developed capabilities to offer consulting services on the following specialized subjects:</b></p>
247              <br>
248                <ul  >
249                    <li style="list-style-type: square;">Oceanographic Surveys</li>
250                    <li style="list-style-type: square;">Coastal Hydraulic Surveys and feasibility Studies</li>
251                    <li style="list-style-type: square;">Bathymetric Surveys</li>
252                    <li style="list-style-type: square;">Marine Exploration & Geo-Engineering Surveys</li>
253                    <li style="list-style-type: square;">Marine Pollution and Environmental Surveys</li>
254                    <li style="list-style-type: square;">Shrimp Farming</li>
255                    <li style="list-style-type: square;">Oceanographic Data Services</li>
256                    <li style="list-style-type: square;">Marine Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA’s)</li>
257                </ul>
258                <br>
259                <p>The first objective to a great extent has been achieved. Presently 30 scientists are involved in oceanographic activities, 26 of these have been trained abroad. In addition there are, 39 supports staff on the roll of NIO. The Institute has its own building on the Clifton shore. For deep sea research NIO has access to a hydrographic cum oceanographic Research Vessel "Behr Paima". In addition to the main laboratories at Karachi, NIO also has a research station at Gwadar Baluchistan coast. NIO in a relatively a short period of its existence has made optimum use of the limited resources. It has initiated, conducted and completed a number of projects related to ocean research and has effectively responded to a wide variety of user's requirements, that is marine industry and national institutions involved in the field of marine research.</p>
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270    	<div class="sidebar_title"><h4>ROAD MAP <i>VISION 2030</i></h4></div>
271		<ol class="arrows_list1">		
272            <li><i><b>Institutional Development – HR, Facilities– Capacity Strengthening</b></i></li>
273            <li><i><b>Acquisition of Oceanographic Research Vessel for Coastal Surveys</b></i></li>
274            <li><i><b>Reactivation of Antarctic Research Station through Expeditions</b></i></li>
275            <li><i><b>Assessment of Ocean Resource Potential of Exclusive Economic Zone and Continental Shelf of Pakistan</b></i></li>
276            <li><i><b>Environmental Monitoring and Assessment of Ocean</b></i></li>
277            <li><i><b>Monitoring of Sea Level Variations along Pakistan Coast – Natural Hazard Assessment Due to Climate Change</b></i></li>
278            <li><i><b>Establishment of Marine Aqua Culture</b></i></li>
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320                              <li class="cbp-item identity logo"> <a href="images/gawader_office.jpg" class="cbp-caption cbp-lightbox" data-title="Gwader Station<br>National Institute of Oceanography establish a Oceanographic Resaerch Substation at Gwadar, Balochistan covered area of 5970 square feet, located at Lat 25° 07' N and Long 62° 20' E, with fully equiped research labortory for Marine Sciences.">
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327                <div class="cbp-l-caption-title">Gwader Station</div>
328                <div class="cbp-l-caption-desc">National Institute of Oceanography establish a Oceanographic Resaerch Substation at Gwadar, Balochistan covered area of 5970 square feet, located at Lat 25° 07' N and Long 62° 20' E, with fully equiped research labortory for Marine Sciences.</div>
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340                              <li class="cbp-item"> <a href="images/Tidal_monitoring.jpg" class="cbp-caption cbp-lightbox" data-title="Gawader Tidal Monitoring<br>National Institute of Oceanography established Tidal and Weather Observatory at Oceanographic Resaerch Substation, Gwadar that records the tidal data and weather condition of Makran Coast.">
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346                <div class="cbp-l-caption-title">Gawader Tidal Monitoring</div>
347                <div class="cbp-l-caption-desc">National Institute of Oceanography established Tidal and Weather Observatory at Oceanographic Resaerch Substation, Gwadar that records the tidal data and weather condition of Makran Coast.</div>
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450                    <p>The National Institute of Oceanography <a href="http://www.niopk.gov.pk">(NIO)</a> is located in Karachi. It was established in 1981 by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of Pakistan <a href="http://www.most.gov.pk/">(MoST)</a>. Its Head Office is at Clifton Karachi, with three sub-stations at Gwadar, Sonmiani and Ghora Bari.</p>
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463<script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
463
464                <a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/155566399@N08/35173085445/in/album-72157681809851314/" title="Picture 127"><img src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4277/35173085445_793db45845_s.jpg" width="75" height="75" alt="Picture 127"></a>
465                
465<script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
465
466                <a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/155566399@N08/35133156706/in/album-72157681809851314/" title="DSC05785"><img src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4289/35133156706_b1d69ed202_s.jpg" width="75" height="75" alt="DSC05785"></a>
467                
467<script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
467
468                <a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/155566399@N08/35008130062/in/album-72157681809851314/" title="Picture 126"><img src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4264/35008130062_65f8b60fb8_s.jpg" width="75" height="75" alt="Picture 126"></a>
469                
469<script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
469
470                <a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/155566399@N08/35173077115/in/album-72157681809851314/" title="P1010243"><img src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4221/35173077115_c7860ac029_s.jpg" width="75" height="75" alt="P1010243"></a>
471                
471<script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
471
472                <a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/155566399@N08/35008117992/in/album-72157681809851314/" title="IMG_5768"><img src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4258/35008117992_29e6abb519_s.jpg" width="75" height="75" alt="IMG_5768"></a>
473                
473<script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
473
474                <a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/155566399@N08/34363624413/in/album-72157681809851314/" title="IMG_5719"><img src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4234/34363624413_6f4c5f0e73_s.jpg" width="75" height="75" alt="IMG_5719"></a>
475                
475<script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
475
476                <a data-flickr-embed="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/155566399@N08/35172993835/in/album-72157681809851314/" title="DSCN4875"><img src="https://c1.staticflickr.com/5/4268/35172993835_372b3f1d6d_s.jpg" width="75" height="75" alt="DSCN4875"></a>
477                
477<script async src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
477
478
479            </div><!-- end flickr -->
480
481
482        </div>
483    </div>
484    <!-- end footer -->
485
486    <div class="clearfix"></div>
487
488    <div class="copyright_info">
489        <div class="container">
490
491            <div class="clearfix divider_dashed10"></div>
492
493            <div class="one_half animate" data-anim-type="fadeInRight">
494
495                Copyright © NIO Pakistan. All rights reserved. 
496
497            </div>
498
499            <div class="one_half last">
500
501                <ul class="footer_social_links">
502                    <li class="animate" data-anim-type="zoomIn"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nio.pak"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a></li>
503                    <li class="animate" data-anim-type="zoomIn"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSveuxjW_rmiBE9MLRl_Ucw"><i class="fa fa-youtube"></i></a></li> <li class="animate" data-anim-type="zoomIn"><a href="https://twitter.com/niopk_gov"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a></li>
504                </ul>
505
506            </div>
507
508        </div>
509    </div><!-- end copyright info -->
510
511<a href="#" class="scrollup">Scroll</a><!-- end scroll to top of the page-->
512
513
514
515
516
517</div>
518</div>
519
520    
521<!-- ######### JS FILES ######### -->
522<!-- get jQuery from the google apis -->
523<script type="text/javascript" src="js/universal/jquery.js"></script>
523
524
525<!-- style switcher -->
526<script src="js/style-switcher/jquery-1.js"></script>
vendor: 2 bytes, line 526
526
527<script src="js/style-switcher/styleselector.js"></script>
527
528
529<!-- animations -->
530<script src="js/animations/js/animations.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
530
531
532
533<!-- slide panel -->
534<script type="text/javascript" src="js/slidepanel/slidepanel.js"></script>
534
535
536<!-- mega menu -->
537<script src="js/mainmenu/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
537 
538<script src="js/mainmenu/customeUI.js"></script>
538 
539
540<!-- jquery jcarousel -->
541<script type="text/javascript" src="js/carousel/jquery.jcarousel.min.js"></script>
541
542
543<!-- tab widget -->
544<script type="text/javascript" src="js/tabs/tabwidget/tabwidget.js"></script>
544
545
546<!-- scroll up -->
547<script src="js/scrolltotop/totop.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
547
548
549<!-- tabs -->
550<script src="js/tabs/assets/js/responsive-tabs.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
550
551
552<!-- jquery jcarousel -->
553<script type="text/javascript">
554(function($) {
555 "use strict";
556
557	jQuery(document).ready(function() {
558			jQuery('#mycarouselthree').jcarousel();
559	});
560	
561})(jQuery);
562</script>
562
563
564
565<!-- accordion -->
566<script type="text/javascript" src="js/accordion/custom.js"></script>
566
567
568<!-- sticky menu -->
569<script type="text/javascript" src="js/mainmenu/sticky.js"></script>
vendor: 2 bytes, line 569
569
570<script type="text/javascript" src="js/mainmenu/modernizr.custom.75180.js"></script>
570
571
572<!-- cubeportfolio -->
573<script type="text/javascript" src="js/cubeportfolio/jquery.cubeportfolio.min.js"></script>
573
574
575<script type="text/javascript" src="js/cubeportfolio/main4.js"></script>
vendor: 2 bytes, line 575
575
576<script type="text/javascript" src="js/cubeportfolio/main6.js"></script>
576
577
578<!-- carousel -->
579<script defer src="js/carousel/jquery.flexslider.js"></script>
vendor: 2 bytes, line 579
579
580<script defer src="js/carousel/custom.js"></script>
580
581
582<!-- lightbox -->
583<script type="text/javascript" src="js/lightbox/jquery.fancybox.js"></script>
vendor: 2 bytes, line 583
583
584<script type="text/javascript" src="js/lightbox/custom.js"></script>
584
585
586
587
588</body>
589</html>

Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.