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class="sidebar-link">SASS</a></li><li><a href="/library/vue.html" class="sidebar-link">Vue</a></li><li><a href="/library/jsx.html" class="sidebar-link">JSX</a></li><li><a href="/library/test.html" class="sidebar-link">åå æµè¯</a></li><li><a href="/library/docs.html" class="sidebar-link">ææ¡£çæ</a></li><li><a href="/library/optimize.html" class="sidebar-link">ä¼å</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><a href="/css/formatting-model" class="sidebar-heading clickable"><span>CSS</span> <!----></a> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/css/formatting-model.html" class="sidebar-link">è§è§æ ¼å¼å模å</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><a href="/javascript/prototype" class="sidebar-heading clickable"><span>Javascript</span> <!----></a> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/javascript/prototype.html" class="sidebar-link">åå</a></li><li><a href="/javascript/position.html" class="sidebar-link">ä½ç½®</a></li><li><a href="/javascript/mvvm.html" class="sidebar-link">ååæ°æ®ç»å®</a></li><li><a href="/javascript/promise.html" class="sidebar-link">Promise/A+</a></li><li><a href="/javascript/type.html" class="sidebar-link">Typescript ç±»å</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><a href="/webpack/" class="sidebar-heading clickable"><span>Webpack</span> <!----></a> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/webpack/install.html" class="sidebar-link">å®è£ </a></li><li><a href="/webpack/started.html" class="sidebar-link">èµ·æ¥</a></li><li><a href="/webpack/loader.html" class="sidebar-link">æ件å¤ç</a></li><li><a href="/webpack/output-management.html" class="sidebar-link">管çè¾åº</a></li><li><a href="/webpack/mode.html" class="sidebar-link">模å¼</a></li><li><a href="/webpack/development.html" class="sidebar-link">å¼åç¯å¢</a></li><li><a href="/webpack/code-splitting.html" class="sidebar-link">代ç å离</a></li><li><a href="/webpack/caching.html" class="sidebar-link">ç¼å</a></li><li><a href="/webpack/split-chunk-plugin.html" class="sidebar-link">SplitChunkPlugin</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><a href="/nuxt/use-ts" class="sidebar-heading clickable"><span>Nuxt</span> <!----></a> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/nuxt/use-ts.html" class="sidebar-link">ä½¿ç¨ Typescript</a></li><li><a href="/nuxt/transform.html" class="sidebar-link">Typescript æ¹é </a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><a href="/other/git" class="sidebar-heading clickable"><span>å ¶ä»</span> <!----></a> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/other/git.html" class="sidebar-link">Git</a></li><li><a href="/other/pkg.html" class="sidebar-link">package</a></li><li><a href="/other/ssl.html" class="sidebar-link">SSL è¯ä¹¦ç³è¯·</a></li></ul></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="theme-default-content 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51<h1 id="åºè¨"><a href="#åºè¨" class="header-anchor">#</a> åºè¨</h1> <p>对äºç½ç»éä¿¡æäºäººåªç¥éä¸æ¬¡æ¡æãå次æ¥æãæäºäººç¥é TCP åè®®ãç¥é IP åè®®ï¼å´ä¸ç¥é为ä»ä¹ä¼æè¿äºåè®®ï¼ä¹ä¸ç¥éè¿äºåè®®æå¡äºä»ä¹ãOSI å TCP/IP çæ¯å±ä½ç¨åæ¯ä»ä¹ï¼å¾å¤äººåªç¥é该è¿ä¹åï¼å´ä¸ç¥é为ä½è¿ä¹åã对äºç½ä¸ä¸ä» é¶é¶ç¢ç¢å¹¶ä¸æ¦æ¶©é¾æçç¥è¯ç¹ï¼æ³è¦çæ£çç解æ¯å¾å°é¾çã</p> <p>å¦æéå°æ¦æ¶©é¾æçç¥è¯ç¹ï¼ä¸å¦¨å°è¿äºç¥è¯ç»åå°çæ´»ä¸ãå¦æä¸æç½å ¶ä¸çåçï¼æ¯å¦ï¼â为ä»ä¹è¦è¿ä¹åï¼âï¼ä¸å¦¨ä»èµ·æºãåå±å¼å§äºè§£ã</p> <p>æ¥ä¸æ¥ä¼ä» TCP/IP çç±æ¥ãåå±ã以åä¸æ ¹ç½çº¿çæ°æ®ä¼ éå¼å§ä»ç»ã</p> <div class="custom-block warning"><p class="custom-block-title">WARNING</p> <p>该系åçå 容主è¦æ¯ä¸ºäºå¸®å©è¯»è æ´å¥½çäºè§£ TCP/IPï¼èä¸æ¯æ¯ä¸ªç¥è¯ç¹ãåè®®é½å¾è¯¦ç»ç说æãä½è åªæ¯å¸®ä½ æ¿å°éå¾ TCP/IP çé¨ç¥¨ï¼TCP/IP çä¸çåªè½ä½ èªå·±å»æ·±å ¥äºè§£äºã</p></div> <h1 id="èµ·æº"><a href="#èµ·æº" class="header-anchor">#</a> èµ·æº</h1> <p>20 ä¸çºª 50 年代æ«ï¼æ£å¤äºå·ææ¶æãå½æ¶ç¾å½åæ¹ä¸ºäºèªå·±ç计ç®æºç½ç»å¨åå°è¢å»æ¶ï¼å³ä½¿é¨åç½ç»è¢«æ§æ¯ï¼å ¶ä½é¨åä»è½ä¿æéä¿¡èç³»ï¼ä¾¿ç±ç¾å½å½é²é¨çé«çº§ç 究计åå±ï¼ARPAï¼å»ºè®¾äºä¸ä¸ªåç¨ç½ï¼å«åâé¿å¸ç½âï¼ARPAnetï¼ãé¿å¸ç½äº 1969 å¹´æ£å¼å¯ç¨ï¼å½æ¶ä» è¿æ¥äº 4 å°è®¡ç®æºï¼ä¾ç§å¦å®¶ä»¬è¿è¡è®¡ç®æºèç½å®éªç¨ï¼è¿å°±æ¯å ç¹ç½çå身ã</p> <p>å° 70 年代ï¼ARPAnet å·²ç»æäºå¥½å å个计ç®æºç½ç»ï¼ä½æ¯æ¯ä¸ªç½ç»åªè½å¨ç½ç»å é¨ç计ç®æºä¹é´äºèéä¿¡ï¼ä¸å计ç®æºç½ç»ä¹é´ä»ç¶ä¸è½äºéã为æ¤ï¼ ARPA å设ç«äºæ°çç 究项ç®ï¼æ¯æå¦æ¯çåå·¥ä¸çè¿è¡æå ³çç 究ï¼ç 究ç主è¦å 容就æ¯æ³ç¨ä¸ç§æ°çæ¹æ³å°ä¸åç计ç®æºå±åç½äºèï¼å½¢æâäºèç½âãç 究人å称ä¹ä¸ºâinternetworkâï¼ç®ç§°âInternetâï¼è¿ä¸ªåè¯å°±ä¸ç´æ²¿ç¨å°ã</p> <p>å¨ç 究å®ç°äºèçè¿ç¨ä¸ï¼è®¡ç®æºè½¯ä»¶èµ·äºä¸»è¦çä½ç¨ã1974 å¹´ï¼åºç°äºè¿æ¥åç»ç½ç»çåè®®ï¼å ¶ä¸å°±å æ¬äº TCP/IPââèåçç½é äºèåè®® IP åä¼ è¾æ§å¶åè®® TCPãè¿ä¸¤ä¸ªåè®®ç¸äºé åï¼å ¶ä¸ï¼IP æ¯åºæ¬çéä¿¡åè®®ï¼TCP æ¯å¸®å© IP å®ç°å¯é ä¼ è¾çåè®®ã</p> <p>1986 å¹´ï¼ç¾å½å½å®¶ç§å¦åºéç»ç»ï¼NSFï¼å°åå¸å¨ç¾å½åå°ç 5 个为ç§ç æè²æå¡çè¶ çº§è®¡ç®æºä¸å¿äºèï¼å¹¶æ¯æå°åºç½ç»ï¼å½¢æ NSFnetã1988 å¹´ï¼NSFnet æ¿ä»£ ARPAnet æ为 Internet ç主干ç½ãNSFnet 主干ç½å©ç¨äºå¨ ARPAnet ä¸å·²è¯ææ¯é常æåç TCP/IP ææ¯ï¼å许å大å¦ãæ¿åºæç§äººç§ç æºæçç½ç»å å ¥ã1989 å¹´ï¼ARPAnet 解æ£ï¼Internet ä»åç¨è½¬åæ°ç¨ã</p> <h1 id="tcp-ip-ä¸-osi"><a href="#tcp-ip-ä¸-osi" class="header-anchor">#</a> TCP/IP ä¸ OSI</h1> <p><img src="/images/network/osi-tcpip.png" alt="模åå ³ç³»"></p> <p>Internet ç½ç»çå身 ARPAnet å½æ¶ä½¿ç¨ç并ä¸æ¯ TCP/IP åè®®ï¼èæ¯ NCP åè®®ãä¸è¿åç°æå¾å¤ç¼ºç¹ä»¥è³äºä¸è½å åæ¯æ ARPAnet ç½ç»ãåé¢å°±åºç°äº TCP/IP åè®®ãOSI 模åæ¯åæ¥å¥½å¤å¤§ä½¬ï¼å½é æ åç»ç»ï¼åå¨ä¸èµ·å¼ä¼ï¼ç 究讨论åºç论ä¸æè§èç模åï¼ä»¥åç½ç»é讯åè®®é½å¯ä»¥æç §è¿ä¸ªæ¨¡åæ¥å®ç°ãä¸è¿ç论ç»ç©¶æ¯ç论ï¼ç°å¨ TCP/IP è¿æ¯è¿ç¨æå¤çç½ç»é讯åè®®ã</p> <p>TCP/IP åè®®å ¶å®æ¯åå±æ¨¡åï¼å ¶å®ä¹è½å¯¹åº OSI 模åçãï¼æäºå°æ¹ä¹æ说 TCP/IP æ¯äºå±æ¨¡åï¼å 为ç½ç»æ¥å£å±å ¶å®å°±æ¯æ°æ®é¾è·¯å±ãç©çå±ï¼</p> <ol><li>TCP/IP ç<strong>åºç¨å±</strong>å¯¹åº OSI ç<strong>åºç¨å±ã表示å±ãä¼è¯å±</strong>ã</li> <li>TCP/IP ç<strong>ä¼ è¾å±</strong>å¯¹åº OSI ç<strong>ä¼ è¾å±</strong>ã</li> <li>TCP/IP ç<strong>ç½ç»å±</strong>å¯¹åº OSI ç<strong>ç½ç»å±</strong>ã</li> <li>TCP/IP ç<strong>ç½ç»æ¥å£å±</strong>å¯¹åº OSI ç<strong>æ°æ®é¾è·¯å±ãç©çå±</strong>ã</li></ol></div> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <!----></footer> <!----> </main></div><div class="global-ui"></div></div> 52
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