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1</head><body class="antialiased min-h-screen flex flex-col"><div hidden=""><!--$--><!--/$--></div><!--$--><!--/$--><div class="mx-auto w-full px-0 max-w-full"><nav class="px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] py-4 fixed top-0 left-0 w-full z-50 h-16 border-b border-ui-border bg-ui-bg/80 backdrop-blur-md transition-transform duration-300 ease-in-out flex items-center translate-y-0"><a href="/"><div class="flex items-center shrink-0 cursor-pointer group"><h3 class="font-display text-xl md:text-2xl font-medium leading-snug text-ui-primary">The Five Books</h3></div></a><div class="hidden lg:flex items-center justify-end flex-1 gap-6"><a class="text-sm font-medium text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-accent transition-colors" href="/lectures">Lectures</a><button type="button" class="relative border rounded-thin cursor-pointer disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:pointer-events-none transition-all enabled:hover:-translate-y-0.5 active:translate-y-0 enabled:active:scale-98 font-medium 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style="left:52%;top:2%;opacity:0;transform:translateY(30px) scale(0.9450000000000001) rotate(-7deg)"><div class="rounded-md overflow-hidden shadow-lg"><img alt="人間の条件" loading="lazy" width="160" height="240" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="object-cover w-full h-auto" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F4109kYD8ajL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F4109kYD8ajL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=384&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F4109kYD8ajL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=384&amp;q=75"/></div></div><div class="absolute w-32 md:w-36 lg:w-40" style="left:72%;top:48%;opacity:0;transform:translateY(30px) scale(0.9900000000000001) rotate(13deg)"><div class="rounded-md overflow-hidden shadow-lg"><img alt="実践理性批判" loading="lazy" width="160" height="240" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="object-cover w-full h-auto" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F51%2BAvyRfXLL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F51%2BAvyRfXLL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=384&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F51%2BAvyRfXLL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=384&amp;q=75"/></div></div><div class="absolute w-32 md:w-36 lg:w-40" style="left:88%;
1top:12%;opacity:0;transform:translateY(30px) scale(0.8280000000000001) rotate(-11deg)"><div class="rounded-md overflow-hidden shadow-lg"><img alt="物質と記憶" loading="lazy" width="160" height="240" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="object-cover w-full h-auto" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F71PVjbCN3OL._SL1500_.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F71PVjbCN3OL._SL1500_.jpg&amp;w=384&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F71PVjbCN3OL._SL1500_.jpg&amp;w=384&amp;q=75"/></div></div><div class="absolute w-32 md:w-36 lg:w-40" style="left:38%;top:62%;opacity:0;transform:translateY(30px) scale(0.855) rotate(6deg)"><div class="rounded-md overflow-hidden shadow-lg"><img alt="創造的進化" loading="lazy" width="160" height="240" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="object-cover w-full h-auto" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F51NOXyukgcL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F51NOXyukgcL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=384&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.media-amazon.com%2Fimages%2FI%2F51NOXyukgcL._SL500_.jpg&amp;w=384&amp;q=75"/></div></div></div></div><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch relative z-10 max-w-2xl"><h1 class="font-display text-4xl md:text-5xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary">Read and think through one book, with a researcher.</h1><p class="font-sans text-lg md:text-xl leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">An online course where you engage with one book through a researcher&#x27;s lectures and questions.</p><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary"></p><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><a href="/lectures"><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap group py-2 border-b border-ui-border hover:[text-shadow:0_0_0.6px_currentColor,0_0_0.6px_currentColor] hover:border-ui-primary transition-[text-shadow,border-color]"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-primary">Browse lectures</p><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-arrow-right w-4 h-4 transition-[filter] group-hover:[filter:drop-shadow(0_0_0.6px_currentColor)]" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M5 12h14"></path><path d="m12 5 7 7-7 7"></path></svg></div></a></div></div></div></div></section><section class="py-32 pb-6 md:pb-32" aria-labelledby="course-format-heading"><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-12 items-stretch"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch max-w-6xl"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary text-balance" id="course-format-heading">A deeper reading experience from one book.</h2><p class="font-sans text-lg md:text-xl leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary text-pretty">Don&#x27;t just read and move on. By reading alongside a researcher, responding to their questions, and exchanging ideas with other readers, what you gain from a single book transforms.</p></div></div><div class="relative pl-5 md:pl-8 max-w-4xl"><div class="absolute left-0 top-2 bottom-2 border-l-2 border-ui-rust-mid" aria-hidden="true"></div><ol class="flex flex-col gap-12"><li class="list-none" style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(16px)"><div class="flex flex-col gap-2 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><span class="font-display text-6xl md:text-7xl font-light leading-none tracking-tight text-ui-tertiary">01</span><h3 class="font-display text-2xl md:text-3xl leading-tight text-ui-primary">Read</h3></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-stretch"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-rust">Finish one book at a comfortable pace</p></div><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Purchase the book in advance and read through the assigned section each week. The reading amount per week is set at a manageable pace. Depending on the book, some lectures cover only selected chapters rather than the whole text.</p></div></li><li class="list-none" style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(16px)"><div class="flex flex-col gap-2 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><span class="font-display text-6xl md:text-7xl font-light leading-none tracking-tight text-ui-tertiary">02</span>
1<h3 class="font-display text-2xl md:text-3xl leading-tight text-ui-primary">Learn</h3></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-stretch"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-rust">Deepen your reading with expert insight</p></div><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Once a week, join a live Zoom lecture or watch the recording. The first session is an introductory lecture covering the book&#x27;s background, author, and historical context — before you start reading. All sessions are designed for first-time readers; no prior expertise needed. You can ask questions live, and every session is recorded for you to revisit.</p></div></li><li class="list-none" style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(16px)"><div class="flex flex-col gap-2 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><span class="font-display text-6xl md:text-7xl font-light leading-none tracking-tight text-ui-tertiary">03</span><h3 class="font-display text-2xl md:text-3xl leading-tight text-ui-primary">Think</h3></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-stretch"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-rust">Questions become your entry point for thinking</p></div><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Let the questions from the lecturer spark your own thoughts and ideas — and nurture them. Posting to the discussion board is optional. You can simply read, or write and post — the depth and style of participation is entirely up to you. Encountering what other readers think is part of the learning too. *Discussion board: live lectures only</p></div></li></ol></div></div></div></section><section class="py-32 pb-6 md:pb-32" aria-labelledby="lecture-flow-heading"><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch max-w-6xl mb-4 md:mb-8"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary text-balance" id="lecture-flow-heading">Reading first, lecture after</h2><p class="font-sans text-lg md:text-xl leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary text-pretty"><strong>For a 4-week course.</strong> <!-- -->First you read on your own, then you hear the lecturer&#x27;s explanation the following week. This rhythm is the basic structure.</p></div></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="overflow-x-auto -mx-4 px-4 md:mx-0 md:px-0"><svg viewBox="0 0 1000 280" role="img" aria-label="4-week course progression diagram" class="w-full min-w-[700px] h-auto text-ui-fg-primary"><defs>
1<marker id="flow-arrow" viewBox="0 0 8 8" refX="6" refY="4" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="6" orient="auto"><path d="M0 0 L8 4 L0 8 z" fill="currentColor" opacity=".4"></path></marker></defs><g><path d="M 120 140 Q 217.5 62 315 140" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-dasharray="4 4" opacity=".35" marker-end="url(#flow-arrow)"></path><text x="217.5" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".5" class="text-[11px]">Question 1</text></g><g><path d="M 315 140 Q 412.5 62 510 140" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-dasharray="4 4" opacity=".35" marker-end="url(#flow-arrow)"></path><text x="412.5" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".5" class="text-[11px]">Question 2</text></g><g><path d="M 510 140 Q 607.5 62 705 140" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-dasharray="4 4" opacity=".35" marker-end="url(#flow-arrow)"></path><text x="607.5" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".5" class="text-[11px]">Question 3</text></g><g><path d="M 705 140 Q 802.5 62 900 140" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-dasharray="4 4" opacity=".35" marker-end="url(#flow-arrow)"></path><text x="802.5" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".5" class="text-[11px]">Question 4</text></g><line x1="120" y1="160" x2="900" y2="160" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1" opacity=".18"></line><rect x="134" y="155" width="167" height="10" rx="5" class="fill-ui-rust-mid"></rect><rect x="329" y="155" width="167" height="10" rx="5" class="fill-ui-rust-mid"></rect><rect x="524" y="155" width="167" height="10" rx="5" class="fill-ui-rust-mid"></rect><rect x="719" y="155" width="167" height="10" rx="5" class="fill-ui-rust-mid"></rect><rect x="116" y="143" width="8" height="34" rx="1" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2"></rect><text x="120" y="198" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" class="text-[11.5px]">Session 1</text><text x="120" y="212" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".5" class="text-[10px]">(Intro)</text><g><rect x="312" y="143" width="6" height="34" rx="1" fill="currentColor"></rect><text x="315" y="198" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" class="text-[11.5px]">Session 2</text></g><g><rect x="507" y="143" width="6" height="34" rx="1" fill="currentColor"></rect><text x="510" y="198" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" class="text-[11.5px]">Session 3</text></g><g><rect x="702" y="143" width="6" height="34" rx="1" fill="currentColor"></rect><text x="705" y="198" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" class="text-[11.5px]">Session 4</text></g><rect x="897" y="143" width="6" height="34" rx="1" fill="currentColor"></rect><text x="900" y="198" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" class="text-[11.5px]">Final</text><g><text x="217.5" y="235" text-anchor="middle" class="fill-ui-rust-mid text-[12px]">Read 1</text><text x="217.5" y="255" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".4" class="text-[10px] tracking-wider" style="font-family:monospace">WEEK 1</text></g><g><text x="412.5" y="235" text-anchor="middle" class="fill-ui-rust-mid text-[12px]">Read 2</text><text x="412.5" y="255" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".4" class="text-[10px] tracking-wider" style="font-family:monospace">WEEK 2</text></g><g><text x="607.5" y="235" text-anchor="middle" class="fill-ui-rust-mid text-[12px]">Read 3</text><text x="607.5" y="255" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".4" class="text-[10px] tracking-wider" style="font-family:monospace">WEEK 3</text></g><g><text x="802.5" y="235" text-anchor="middle" class="fill-ui-rust-mid text-[12px]">Read 4</text><text x="802.5" y="255" text-anchor="middle" fill="currentColor" opacity=".4" class="text-[10px] tracking-wider" style="font-family:monospace">WEEK 4</text></g></svg></div></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="border-l border-ui-rust-mid pl-4 max-w-3xl mt-2"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary"><strong>The first session is the exception.</strong> <!-- -->The first session is an introductory lecture that requires no prior reading. From the second session onward, the &#x27;read → lecture&#x27; cycle repeats. Each lecture&#x27;s question carries over through the reading period to the next lecture.</p></div></div></div></div></section><section class="py-32 pb-6 md:pb-32" aria-labelledby="upcoming-heading"><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary" id="upcoming-heading">Live lectures</h2></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><article aria-label="日常生活における自己呈示"><a class="block h-full" href="/lectures/1ad9b076-4e1b-423c-8900-5756d78903a5"><div class="rounded-thin overflow-hidden flex flex-col bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary h-full shadow-[0_0_16px_rgba(0,0,0,0.08)] hover:shadow-[0_0_24px_rgba(0,0,0,0.12)] transition-shadow rounded-thin border border-ui-border"><div class="flex gap-0 justify-start flex-col md:flex-row flex-nowrap items-stretch h-full"><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-stretch relative aspect-video md:aspect-auto md:w-2/5 md:min-
1h-80 shrink-0 bg-ui-bg-subtle border-b border-b-ui-border md:border-b-0 md:border-r md:border-r-ui-border"><div class="relative flex items-center justify-center w-full flex-1 p-2"><div class="absolute h-[calc(100%-2rem)]" style="transform-origin:bottom center;z-index:10;transform:none"><div class="relative overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group aspect-auto h-full w-auto rounded-[3px]"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/41nmfEsvufL._SL500_.jpg" alt="日常生活における自己呈示" class="w-full h-full transition-all duration-500 opacity-0 object-contain"/><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse bg-ui-secondary/10" aria-hidden="true"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="text-base leading-relaxed flex-1 p-4 md:p-6"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch h-full"><div class="flex flex-row gap-2 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap border text-badge-amber-text border-badge-amber-border px-2 py-1.5 text-xs gap-1">LIVE</span><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap border text-ui-primary border-ui-border px-2 py-1.5 text-xs gap-1 bg-ui-bg-subtle">Upcoming</span><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap text-ui-primary px-2 py-1.5 text-xs gap-1 border border-ui-border">Sociology</span></div></div><h3 class="font-display text-xl md:text-2xl font-medium leading-snug text-ui-primary">日常生活における自己呈示</h3><div class="line-clamp-5 text-sm leading-normal text-ui-secondary [&amp;_p]:inline"><p>私たちは、なぜ日常生活の中でさまざまな「演技」をするのでしょうか?</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>何度も聞いた上司のつまらない昔話に、新鮮な反応をして見せること。喫茶店で隣に座ったカップルの痴話喧嘩が丸聞こえでも、素知らぬ顔をすること。徹夜で作った資料を、あたかも片手間で簡単に作ったかのように差し出すこと。人の気配がある給湯室に入る前に、わざと咳払いをして自分の接近を示すこと⋯⋯。</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>私たちは日々のなかで、何度もこうした小さな「演技」を積み重ねています。そしてそれらは、「自分をよく見せたい」という利己心から行うこともあれば、場に気まずさを生じさせないためや、目の前にいる相手を傷つけないために行うこともあります。</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>人びとのありふれた日常のやり取りの場面を「劇場」に見立てて分析した社会学者に、アーヴィング・ゴフマンがいます。ゴフマンは、人びとが職場・家庭・レストラン・学校・病院といったさまざまな日常の舞台上で行うふるまいを、すべて「演技」として観察します。ある人のパフォーマンスを見ている人は「観客」であり、共にパフォーマンスに参与する人は「共演者」であり、その空間にある様々なモノはみな「舞台装置」です。私たちの日常生活の様々な場面は、舞台のなかで私たちが行うたくさんの演技(パフォーマンス)によって成り立っているというのです。</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>ゴフマンのこうした視点は「ドラマトゥルギー」などと呼ばれますが、そこから私たちの生活をみるならば、職場での上司との会話も、学校で授業を受けている場面も、アルバイト先のレストランでウェイターをしている場面も、エレベーターで乗り合わせた他人と「階数表示」を見上げている場面も、パフォーマンスが行われている「舞台」となります。たとえば先生に気に入られたいç”
1Ÿå¾’は、「まじめに」授業に取り組む必要があります。それは、一生懸命ノートを取ったり、積極的に手を挙げて質問したりと、「まじめに見えるように」ふるまうことを意味します。先生という「観客」の目にそう映るように、自分の与える「印象」を管理するわけです。</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>ところで、このように「他者が自分に対して抱く印象を、自分にとって好ましいように方向づけようとする行為」のことを、日本語で「印象操作」と呼ぶことがあります。広辞苑にも載っているある程度一般的な語彙といえますが、この言葉が他ならぬ社会学者ゴフマンによって造られた用語であることは、あまり知られていません。ゴフマンが主著『日常生活における自己呈示』(旧訳題『行為と演技』)において提示した「impression management(印象操作/印象管理)」という概念は、社会学やその隣接分野に広く受け入れられ、日本でも「印象操作」という訳語が幅広く普及しました。少なくとも日常会話だと、誠意を欠いた他者のふるまいを非難するような文脈で耳にすることの多い言葉ですが、ゴフマンの元々の議論によるならば、人びとはみな例外なく、自分の印象の管理人なのです。</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>本講座では、ゴフマンのユニークな観察眼を借りることで、私たちが普段当たり前に行っている些細なやり取りの一つひとつが、いかに絶え間ない「演技」によって支えられているのかを見つめ直していきます。本書は、これまで社会学の本を読んだことのない方や古典の読解に自信のない方にもおすすめしたい一冊です。この本を読み終える頃には、職場のやりとりも、家族との会話も、街ですれ違う見知らぬ人の一瞬の表情さえも、これまでとは少し違って見えてくるでしょう。</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>テキストは、アーヴィング・ゴフマン『日常生活における自己呈示』(中河伸俊・小島奈名子訳、ちくま学芸文庫)をご用意ください。</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>ご参加をお待ちしています!</p>
2
3</div><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-start flex-wrap mt-auto pt-4 border-t border-ui-border"><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><img src="https://wbdflezrsaeisuhprbsd.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/userAvatars/--90b7cb3b/1782177687777.jpg" alt="嶺岸匠" class="w-8 h-8 rounded-full object-cover shrink-0"/><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">嶺岸匠</span></div><div class="flex flex-row gap-2 justify-start flex-nowrap items-end"><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary flex shrink-0 items-center justify-end whitespace-nowrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-calendar w-3 h-3 inline-block mr-1 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 2v4"></path><path d="M16 2v4"></path><rect width="18" height="18" x="3" y="4" rx="2"></rect><path d="M3 10h18"></path></svg>October 21 – December 16, 2026</span><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary flex items-center justify-end whitespace-nowrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-clock w-3 h-3 inline-block mr-1" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"></circle><polyline points="12 6 12 12 16 14"></polyline></svg>Wed<!-- --> <!-- -->20:00-21:30</span></div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary ml-auto">¥<!-- -->7,800</span></div></div></div></div></div></a></article></div></div></div></section><section class="py-32 pb-6 md:pb-32" aria-labelledby="on-demand-heading"><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="flex flex-col gap-2 items-stretch"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary" id="on-demand-heading">On-demand lectures</h2><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Recorded lectures. Begin watching as soon as you enrol.</p></div></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-6"><a class="block h-full" href="/lectures/917c022e-a0a6-4066-8573-85b3cac1b2fa"><article class="rounded-thin overflow-hidden flex flex-col bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary h-full shadow-[0_0_16px_rgba(0,0,0,0.08)] hover:shadow-[0_0_24px_rgba(0,0,0,0.12)] transition-shadow rounded-thin border border-ui-border" aria-label="大衆の反逆"><div class="text-base leading-relaxed"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch relative aspect-video w-full bg-ui-bg-subtle border-b border-b-ui-border"><div class="relative flex items-center justify-center w-full flex-1 p-2"><div class="absolute h-[calc(100%-2rem)]" style="transform-origin:bottom center;z-index:10;transform:none"><div class="relative overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group aspect-auto h-full w-auto rounded-[3px]"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/81SPL-xBnXL._SL1500_.jpg" alt="大衆の反逆" class="w-full h-full transition-all duration-500 opacity-0 object-contain"/><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse bg-ui-secondary/10" aria-hidden="true"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="text-base leading-relaxed px-5 py-4 flex-1"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch flex-1"><h3 class="font-bold text-lg leading-tight"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-y-1"><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-wrap gap-y-1"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap border text-ui-primary border-ui-border px-1.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] leading-none gap-0.5 bg-ui-bg-subtle">ON-DEMAND</span><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap text-ui-primary px-1.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] leading-none gap-0.5 border border-ui-border">Sociology</span><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap text-ui-primary px-1.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] leading-none gap-0.5 border border-ui-border">Philosophy</span></div></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-end"><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary flex shrink-0 items-center justify-end whitespace-nowrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-calendar w-3 h-3 inline-block mr-1 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 2v4"></path><path d="M16 2v4"></path><rect width="18" height="18" x="3" y="4" rx="2"></rect><path d="M3 10h18"></path></svg>July 8 – August 5, 2026</span><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">5 sessions</span></div></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">大衆の反逆</h4></div></h3><div class="line-clamp-4 text-xs text-ui-secondary leading-relaxed [&amp;_p]:inline"><p><strong>〈100年前の予言書〉</strong>
3――スペインの哲学者オルテガ・イ・ガセットの主著『大衆の反逆』に、あえてキャッチフレーズをつけるとするならば、このような言葉がふさわしいでしょう。1930年に出版されたこの本は、ファシズムや全体主義がヨーロッパを覆いつつあったおよそ1世紀前に書かれたものですが、そこに生々しく描き出されている「大衆」のイメージは、驚くほど私たち21世紀の現代人に似た姿をしています。</p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><span>SNSを開いてみれば、一方では、自分と意見の異なる者を徹底的に糾弾する「炎上」が日常化し、他方では、インフルエンサーや”識者”の言葉を無批判に鵜呑みにしてしまう「信者」たちで溢れています。政治の世界を見渡しても、扇情的な言葉やパフォーマンスで人々の分断を煽る極右ポピュリズムが世界規模で台頭しており、理性的な対話を行うための言論空間はもはや失われつつあるように見えます。誰もが自由に発言でき、権利を謳歌できる豊かな社会になった一方で、私たちは自分と異なる意見に耳を塞ぎ、自らの言い分ばかりを主張する《甘やかされた子供》になってはいないでしょうか?――この本が痛烈な筆致で突きつけるのは、こうした自己批判の契機でもあります。</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><span>オルテガの言う「大衆」とは、特定の階級や労働者集団を指すものではありません。問題とされるのは精神の姿勢です。すなわち、「みんなと同じ」であることに悩むどころか安心し、自分が凡庸であることを知りながら、しかし凡庸であることの権利を主張し、それをあらゆるところで押し通そうとする精神性の持ち主こそが、「大衆」なのです。そしてこうした人々が、いまや世界中を支配しつつある⋯⋯というのが、20世紀のヨーロッパの行く末を危惧するオルテガの時代診断なのでした。</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><span>本講座では、この100年前の文明批判を、一種の〈予言書〉として、現代社会の状況に照らし合わせながら読み解いていきます。本書は</span>もともと新聞の連載記事(エッセイ)として書かれたものであるため、一般読者に向けた比較的平易で読みやすい文体で書かれています。だからといって”簡単”というわけでもないのですが、オルテガは難解な専門用語をほとんど使いませんし、時代背景や問題意識も見えやすい本なので、「古典」と呼ばれる本に取っ付きにくさを感じている方でも比較的読み進めやすい本だと思います。したがって、本講座に参加するにあたって<span>哲学や社会学の専門知識は不要です。本書を通じて、現代社会に生きる私たちがもつ”大衆性”を見つめ直すとともに、これからの社会が向かうべき先を考えるためのヒントを一緒に探しましょう。</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><span>テキストとしては、『大衆の反逆』(佐々木孝訳、岩波文庫)をご用意ください。本書には翻訳が多数存在しますが、今回の講座では、最も新しい邦訳である岩波版を参照します。既に別の出版社の邦訳書をお持ちの方はそれを参照していただいても構いませんが、講座内で取り上げる訳文・訳語やページ数とズレが生じることはご了承ください。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p></div></div></div><footer class="px-5 py-2.5 border-t border-ui-border/50 self-end w-full"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-nowrap"> <div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"> <img src="https://wbdflezrsaeisuhprbsd.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/userAvatars/--90b7cb3b/1782177687777.jpg" alt="嶺岸匠" class="w-8 h-8 rounded-full object-cover shrink-0"/>
3<span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">嶺岸匠<!-- --> <!-- -->(神戸大学大学院)</span> </div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">Â¥<!-- -->5,200</span></div></footer></article></a><a class="block h-full" href="/lectures/4dd9d348-798a-4164-adce-585c05a07498"><article class="rounded-thin overflow-hidden flex flex-col bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary h-full shadow-[0_0_16px_rgba(0,0,0,0.08)] hover:shadow-[0_0_24px_rgba(0,0,0,0.12)] transition-shadow rounded-thin border border-ui-border" aria-label="哲学入門-入門編"><div class="text-base leading-relaxed"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch relative aspect-video w-full bg-ui-bg-subtle border-b border-b-ui-border"><div class="relative flex items-center justify-center w-full flex-1 p-2"><div class="absolute h-[calc(100%-2rem)]" style="transform-origin:bottom center;z-index:10;transform:none"><div class="relative overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group aspect-auto h-full w-auto rounded-[3px]"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/51MW0eLe3cL.jpg" alt="哲学入門" class="w-full h-full transition-all duration-500 opacity-0 object-contain"/><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse bg-ui-secondary/10" aria-hidden="true"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="text-base leading-relaxed px-5 py-4 flex-1"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch flex-1"><h3 class="font-bold text-lg leading-tight"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-y-1"><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-wrap gap-y-1"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap border text-ui-primary border-ui-border px-1.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] leading-none gap-0.5 bg-ui-bg-subtle">ON-DEMAND</span><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"></div></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-end"><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary flex shrink-0 items-center justify-end whitespace-nowrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-calendar w-3 h-3 inline-block mr-1 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 2v4"></path><path d="M16 2v4"></path><rect width="18" height="18" x="3" y="4" rx="2"></rect><path d="M3 10h18"></path></svg>January 6, 2026</span><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">5 sessions</span></div></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">哲学入門-入門編</h4></div></h3><div class="line-clamp-4 text-xs text-ui-secondary leading-relaxed [&amp;_p]:inline"><p><strong>この講義は、2025å¹´3月に実施された同名のライブ講義をオンデマンド化したものです。</strong></p><p><span>本講義では、20世紀を代表するドイツの精神病理学者であり、哲学者カール・ヤスパース(1883-1969)の著書『哲学入門』を読んでいきます。この著書は、ヤスパースが1949年秋にスイスのバーゼル放送局で行った全12回のラジオ講演をもとに、翌1950年に刊行されたものです。</span></p><p><span>この『哲学入門』を手に取り、読んだ方はこんなことを思ったかもしれません。</span></p><p><span><strong>「『哲学入門』と書いてあるから、哲学の入門書だと思って読んでみたら、「ヤスパース哲学」の入門書やないかい!」</strong></span></p><p><span>私もその一人でした(笑)。大学1年生の頃に、英語で哲学書を講読するゼミの中で、この『哲学入門』を読んだのですが、同じことを思いました。その時はなんだか騙された気分になったものです。たしかに本書は、ヤスパースの考える哲学、いわゆる「実存哲学」をベースに論が展開されるものですので、い��ゆる一般的な哲学の入門書・概説書には当たらないかもしれません。</span></p><p><span>ですが、皆さまも一度は「自分にとって人生って何なんだろう?」、「自分っていったい何者なんだろう?」という疑問を抱いたりすることはないでしょうか?このように、自分自身や自分の人生を問いに附し、その答えを求めて思索を行うことは、誰にでもあることでã
3¯ãªã„かと思います。そういった方に、この『哲学入門』はオススメです。なぜなら、本書の中でヤスパースの説く哲学、いわゆる実存哲学とは、今ここに生きている「この私」自身が、自分の人生を見つめ直しながら、自分自身の思索を深めていく営みを意味するのですが、その手引きを行おうとする著作が、この『哲学入門』だからです。ですので、改めて申し上げますと、哲学あるいは哲学史の概説を行うには不向きな本なのかもしれません。ですが、それでも「<strong>自分にとって人生って何なんだろう?」、「自分っていったい何者なんだろう?」などの問いを抱いている方にとって、その答えのヒントを指し示してくれるものが、この『哲学入門』です</strong>。ぜひ本講義に参加していただけたらと思います。</span></p><p><span>またさきほど、この『哲学入門』は「ヤスパース哲学」の入門書であるとも述べました。それもそのはず、ヤスパースの哲学は難解なものが多いですが、そのエッセンスが簡潔にまとめられたものが本書『哲学入門』です。また皆さまにとって身近で手に取りやすいヤスパースの著書といえば、この『哲学入門』ということでもあります。そのため、『哲学入門』はヤスパース哲学を学ぶための導入としてふさわしい著書と言えることから、本講義で扱うこととなりました。</span></p><p><span>ですが、この『哲学入門』を読み進める中で、こんなことを思ったりする方もきっといらっしゃるかと思います。</span></p><p><span><strong>「第一講・第二講の内容もわかったぞ!でも、その次の第三講の「包括者」がよく分からない...」</strong></span></p><p><span>同じく私もその一人でした(笑)。大学1年生のころ、さきほどのゼミにて、「邦訳でいいので、何講か自分で選んで読んで、内容を簡潔にまとめよ」という夏休みのレポート課題が出された際に、再び『哲学入門』を手に取って読んでいたのですが、第三講のところはいくら読んでもてんでよくわかりませんでした。</span></p><p><span>なぜそうなるのかと言えば、この『哲学入門』は、位置づけとしては後期ヤスパース哲学の著作にあたるものだからです。まず、前期ヤスパース哲学についていえば、その主著である『哲学』の内容をもとに、特に「実存」についての内容を強調するのですが、それに対して、後期ヤスパース哲学は、前期ヤスパース哲学の内容を受け継ぎつつ、実存よりも、他者との交わりへと衝迫する「理性」についての内容を強調する記述が増えていきます。つまり、前期ヤスパース哲学の内容がある程度わからないと、後期ヤスパース哲学の著書に位置付けられる『哲学入門』もわからないということを意味します。</span></p><p><span>そのようなことではございますが、<strong>本講義では、前期ヤスパース哲学の内容も振り返りつつ、しっかりと『哲学入門』の解説を行っていきます。この『哲学入門』が初見の方でもわかりやすい解説を心がけて講義を行っていきます</strong>ので、安心して本講義に参加していただければと思います。</span></p><p><span>以上となりますが、このようにヤスパースの『哲学入門』を読んで、挫折してきた方が数多くいらっしゃるのではないかと思います。哲学書に挫折はつきものです。ですが、その挫折こそ再び「哲学すること」のきっかけとなります。途中で挫折した方も、初見の方も楽しめるような講義を行っていきたいと思います。</span></p><p><span><strong>使用するテキストについて</strong></span></p><p><span>本講義では、主に<strong>草薙正夫訳『哲学入門』(新潮文庫)</strong>を用いる予定ですが、<strong>林田新二訳『新版 哲学入門』(リベルタス学術叢書9)</strong>を読んでいただいても構いません。</span></p><p><span>草薙訳は、実存主義哲学がまだ隆盛を誇っていた時代に翻訳されていたため、å
3®Ÿå­˜çš„なニュアンスがありありと残る訳になっておりますが、少し文語的な訳なのでその点読みづらいという欠点があります。</span></p><p><span>対して林田訳の方は、口語的に翻訳されている点では読みやすいものの、ヤスパース研究者である林田先生が訳にこだわって翻訳したということもあり、研究者目線では正確に訳されているものの、その分一般の方々にとってはかえってわかりづらい部分があったりするという欠点があります。</span></p><p><span>本講義は、適宜両翻訳を用いていきますので、両翻訳の訳出の違いなども含めて、本講義を楽しんでいただけたらと思います。</span></p></div></div></div><footer class="px-5 py-2.5 border-t border-ui-border/50 self-end w-full"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-nowrap"> <div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"> <div class="w-8 h-8 rounded-full bg-ui-border flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 flex-nowrap"><span class="font-sans text-sm leading-tight text-ui-secondary">中</span></div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">中村元紀<!-- --> <!-- -->(明海大学浦安キャンパス)</span> </div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">Â¥<!-- -->5,000</span></div></footer></article></a><a class="block h-full" href="/lectures/e99f89af-64d1-4f46-8eae-671bec44de20"><article class="rounded-thin overflow-hidden flex flex-col bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary h-full shadow-[0_0_16px_rgba(0,0,0,0.08)] hover:shadow-[0_0_24px_rgba(0,0,0,0.12)] transition-shadow rounded-thin border border-ui-border" aria-label="道徳および立法の諸原理序説 上"><div class="text-base leading-relaxed"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch relative aspect-video w-full bg-ui-bg-subtle border-b border-b-ui-border"><div class="relative flex items-center justify-center w-full flex-1 p-2"><div class="absolute h-[calc(100%-2rem)]" style="transform-origin:bottom center;z-index:10;transform:none"><div class="relative overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group aspect-auto h-full w-auto rounded-[3px]"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/61UDyAF-L8L._SL1200_.jpg" alt="道徳および立法の諸原理序説 上" class="w-full h-full transition-all duration-500 opacity-0 object-contain"/><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse bg-ui-secondary/10" aria-hidden="true"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="text-base leading-relaxed px-5 py-4 flex-1"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch flex-1"><h3 class="font-bold text-lg leading-tight"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-y-1"><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-wrap gap-y-1"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap border text-ui-primary border-ui-border px-1.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] leading-none gap-0.5 bg-ui-bg-subtle">ON-DEMAND</span><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"></div></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-end"><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary flex shrink-0 items-center justify-end whitespace-nowrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-calendar w-3 h-3 inline-block mr-1 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 2v4"></path><path d="M16 2v4"></path><rect width="18" height="18" x="3" y="4" rx="2"></rect><path d="M3 10h18"></path></svg>December 30, 2025</span><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">5 sessions</span></div></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">道徳および立法の諸原理序説 上</h4></div></h3><div class="line-clamp-4 text-xs text-ui-secondary leading-relaxed [&amp;_p]:inline"><p><span><strong>この講義は、2025å¹´10月に実施された同名のライブ講義をオンデマンド化したものです。</strong></span></p><p>人を幸福にするか、不幸にするか。みなさんはどちらの方が正しいと思いますか。おそらく多くの人が(瞬間的に?)「幸福にする方が正しいに決まっている!」と思われたのã
3§ã¯ãªã„でしょうか。この一見すると当たり前のセオリーを唱えたのが、18世紀イギリスの哲学者・法学者であるジェレミー・ベンサム(1748-1832年)でした。</p><p>端的に言えば、ベンサムは正しい行為や政策とは、「最大多数の最大幸福」を促進するものであると考えます。このベンサムの立場は「功利主義」と呼ばれています。今回講義で扱うのは、このベンサムが功利主義を提唱した『道徳および立法の諸原理序説』(1789年)です。</p><p>この功利主義の基本的な発想には異論がないかもしれませんが、「そもそもどうやって人の幸福を計算できんねん!?」という突っ込みがありうるでしょう。例えば、あなたに飴ちゃんをあげるのと、チョコレートをあげるのとでは、どちらの方があなたの幸福をより増幅させるのでしょうか。そう、ベンサムはこのように人の幸福を計る方法までも真面目に考えだそうとしたのです。この功利主義の発想は、現在ではとりわけ社会制度設計などの理想とされています。そりゃそうですよね、私の人生設計ならだしも、社会制度の設計ですから、最大多数の最大幸福に資するものではないと正当化されないと考えられるわけです。本講義では、『道徳および立法の諸原理序説』のうち、最初のいくつかの章を読んでいくことで、功利主義の基本的な発想に触れていただきます。</p><p>ベンサムの業績としては、当時禁止されていた「同性愛」を擁護したことが知られています。また、後にミシェル・フーコーによって有名になった「パノプティコン」を提唱した人物でもあります。実はこれらのアイデアも、ベンサムの功利主義に由来します。(なお、ベンサムの身体は現在、ミイラとして大学に展示されていますが、これも功利主義の発想に由来するとされています。)本講義ではこういったベンサムの功利主義の実例と共に、具体的な例をあげて考えていきましょう。</p><p>さて、同じ時代にドイツで活躍したイマヌエル・カントの倫理学とは異なり、ベンサムの功利主義は現在に至るまで多くのフォロワーを輩出しました。有名どころであれば、ジョン・スチュアート・ミル(1806-1873年)やピーター・シンガー(1946å¹´-)でしょうか(彼らの著作は私がThe Five Booksで担当したことがあります。ミルの著作は今後も担当する予定です)。彼らによって功利主義は大幅に改良され、現代でも主要な倫理学理論の地位を得ています。本講義ではこれらのベンサム以降の功利主義の発展も視野に収めながら進めていきます。</p><p>※中山元訳『道徳および立法の諸原理序説 上』(ちくま学芸文庫、2022å¹´8月)をご用意ください。</p></div></div></div><footer class="px-5 py-2.5 border-t border-ui-border/50 self-end w-full"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-nowrap"> <div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"> <div class="w-8 h-8 rounded-full bg-ui-border flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 flex-nowrap"><span class="font-sans text-sm leading-tight text-ui-secondary">髙</span></div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">髙木裕貴<!-- --> <!-- -->(信州大学研究員(日本学術振興会特別研究員-PD))</span> </div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">Â¥<!-- -->5,500</span></div></footer></article></a><a class="block h-full" href="/lectures/66068a5d-8ec6-47ff-844f-dbad3e189336"><article class="rounded-thin overflow-hidden flex flex-col bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary h-full shadow-[0_0_16px_rgba(0,0,0,0.08)] hover:shadow-[0_0_24px_rgba(0,0,0,0.12)] transition-shadow rounded-thin border border-ui-border" aria-label="幸福の追求: ハリウッドの再婚喜劇"><div class="text-base leading-relaxed"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch relative aspect-video w-full bg-ui-bg-subtle border-b border-b-ui-border"><div class="relative flex items-center justify-center w-full flex-1 p-2"><div class="absolute h-[calc(100%-2rem)]" style="transform-origin:bottom center;z-index:10;transform:none"><div class="relative overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group aspect-auto h-full w-auto rounded-[3px]"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/41OJZzQb9PL._SL500_.jpg" alt="幸福の追求: ハリウッドの再婚喜劇" class="w-full h-full transition-all duration-500 opacity-0 object-contain"/><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse bg-ui-secondary/10" aria-hidden="true"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="text-base leading-relaxed px-5 py-4 flex-1"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch flex-1"><h3 class="font-bold text-lg leading-tight"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-y-1"><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-wrap gap-y-1"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap border text-ui-primary border-ui-border px-1.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] leading-none gap-0.5 bg-ui-bg-subtle">ON-DEMAND</span><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"></div></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-end"><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary flex shrink-0 items-center justify-end whitespace-nowrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-calendar w-3 h-3 inline-block mr-1 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 2v4"></path><path d="M16 2v4"></path><rect width="18" height="18" x="3" y="4" rx="2"></rect><path d="M3 10h18"></path></svg>December 26, 2025</span><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">8 sessions</span></div></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">
3幸福の追求: ハリウッドの再婚喜劇</h4></div></h3><div class="line-clamp-4 text-xs text-ui-secondary leading-relaxed [&amp;_p]:inline"><p><strong>この講義は、2022å¹´10月および2023å¹´3月に実施された同名のライブ講義をオンデマンド化したものです。</strong></p><p>この講義では、オンデマンド形式で週間かけてみなさんとアメリカの哲学者スタンリー・カヴェルの代表的著作の一つ、『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』(原書:1981年)を読んでいきます。</p><p>角講義では、毎回50ページほどのペースで本を読み進めつつ、毎回1本の映画を同時に扱います。</p><p>主にハリウッド映画について論じたカヴェルのテクストは、映画を理論的に分析した学術的なものというよりは、アメリカ人としての彼の個人的な経験や記憶と強く結びついた、哲学的エッセイの要素を強く持っています。それゆえ、ややとっつきにくい印象を持たれがちである一方で、どちらかといえば研究よりは映画批評に通じるような、非常に独創的な記述に溢れており、読めば不思議と元気が湧いてくるような内容となっています。本講義では、飛躍や脱線を数多く含むようにも見える彼の文を素直に読んでいくなかで、みなさんがカヴェルの思想や文体の魅力を見出すきっかけを少しでも提供できればと考えています。</p><p>そんなカヴェルが映画を論じた何冊かの著作は、欧米ではジル・ドゥルーズらと並ぶきわめて大きな影響力を有する哲学者の映画論として、現在まで盛んに論じられてきました。また、彼の議論は映画研究の文脈を超えて、美術批評家のマイケル・フリードや、テレンス・マリックやアルノー・デプレシャン、ダルデンヌ兄弟といった現役の映画監督たちの活動をおおいに触発してきたことでも知られています。しかし、映画というメディウムの特徴や「映画の存在論」を論じた哲学書である『眼に映る世界』(1971)を除いて、具体的な映画作品を論じた書籍がこれまで翻訳されてこなかったことから、日本ではこれまでカヴェルの議論に十分な注目が集まってきたとは言えない状況にあります。</p><p>カヴェルにとってはじめての映画作品を中心的に論じた著作である本書『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』は、『レディ・イヴ』(1941)、『或る夜の出来事』(1934)、『赤ちゃん教育』(1938)、『フィラデルフィア物語』(1940)、『ヒズ・ガール・フライデー』(1940)、『アダム氏とマダム』(1949)、『新婚道中記』(1937)を「映画芸術の歴史における一つの到達点」として評価し、その意義を考察した一冊です。この本でカヴェルは、通常「スクリューボール・コメディ」として知られるこれらの作品を「再婚喜劇」という独自のジャンルカテゴリーを設けて提示しています。</p><p>カヴェルは、一度仲違いしたカップルが再び結ばれる、かつて「元サヤ」と呼ばれた展開を共有するこれらの再婚喜劇映画に、ラルフ・ウォルド・エマソンやルートヴィヒ・ウィトゲンシュタインの思想との類縁性、さらには映画作品に対峙する観客のあり方とも重なるものを見出していきます。こうした彼の特異な文体の魅力をみなさんと共有しながら、具体的な作品解釈や彼の議論への意見を交換し、考えを深めていければと思います。</p><p>本書刊行に続き、内容的に対をなす『涙の果て——知られざる女性のハリウッド・メロドラマ』(中川雄一訳、春秋社)の日本語訳も出版され、今後カヴェルの映画論をめぐる日本語圏の議論は、間違いなく盛り上がっていくと思われます。今回は、同作との関連についても要所で言及しつつ、今なお新鮮な『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』後半部の内容をなるべく噛み砕いてお伝ã
3ˆã§ãã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«åŠªã‚ãŸã„ã¨è€ƒãˆã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚</p><p>本講義は、本書やカヴェルの議論、あるいはロマンティック・コメディ映画や映画論全般に関心を���つ方に加えて、哲学や現代思想に興味がある方、パートナーとの関係がうまくいっていない方などに受講をおすすめします。ふだん映画は観るが映画批評はそれほど読まない方、逆に哲学書は読むものの映画はあまり観ないといった方も歓迎します。著作および講義内容や登場する映画、人物に関する質問は、些細なものでも随時Slackにて受け付けます。積極的なご参加をお待ちしております。</p><p>使用テクスト:『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』(石原陽一郎訳、法政大学出版局、2022年)を使用します。第2回以降には各回1本の映画(『フィラデルフィア物語』、『ヒズ・ガール・フライデー』、『アダム氏とマダム』、『新婚道中記』)を扱いますが、それらの作品については、現在DVD版だけでなく配信でも閲覧可能となっておりますので、適宜ご参照ください。(参照 https://www.h-up.com/books/isbn978-4-588-01144-3.html</p><p>また、必ずしも読了の必要はありませんが、日本語で読めるカヴェルを論じた入門的なテクストを中心とする関連文献や、今回扱う映画についてカヴェルが執筆した本書とは異なる短めのエッセイについても、随時講義内でご紹介します。</p></div></div></div><footer class="px-5 py-2.5 border-t border-ui-border/50 self-end w-full"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-nowrap"> <div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"> <div class="w-8 h-8 rounded-full bg-ui-border flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 flex-nowrap"><span class="font-sans text-sm leading-tight text-ui-secondary">冨</span></div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">冨塚亮平<!-- --> <!-- -->(神奈川大学)</span> </div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">Â¥<!-- -->5,500</span></div></footer></article></a><a class="block h-full" href="/lectures/17a71ad8-34a1-443e-9e8b-333611b9991a"><article class="rounded-thin overflow-hidden flex flex-col bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary h-full shadow-[0_0_16px_rgba(0,0,0,0.08)] hover:shadow-[0_0_24px_rgba(0,0,0,0.12)] transition-shadow rounded-thin border border-ui-border" aria-label="涙の果て"><div class="text-base leading-relaxed"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch relative aspect-video w-full bg-ui-bg-subtle border-b border-b-ui-border"><div class="relative flex items-center justify-center w-full flex-1 p-2"><div class="absolute h-[calc(100%-2rem)]" style="transform-origin:bottom center;z-index:10;transform:none"><div class="relative overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group aspect-auto h-full w-auto rounded-[3px]"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/71fV6cncSTL._SL1458_.jpg" alt="涙の果て" class="w-full h-full transition-all duration-500 opacity-0 object-contain"/><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse bg-ui-secondary/10" aria-hidden="true"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="text-base leading-relaxed px-5 py-4 flex-1"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch flex-1"><h3 class="font-bold text-lg leading-tight"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-y-1"><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-wrap gap-y-1"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap border text-ui-primary border-ui-border px-1.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] leading-none gap-0.5 bg-ui-bg-subtle">ON-DEMAND</span><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"></div></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-end"><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary flex shrink-0 items-center justify-end whitespace-nowrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-calendar w-3 h-3 inline-block mr-1 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 2v4"></path><path d="M16 2v4"></path><rect width="18" height="18" x="3" y="4" rx="2"></rect><path d="M3 10h18"></path></svg>November 23, 2025</span><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">4 sessions</span></div></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">
3涙の果て</h4></div></h3><div class="line-clamp-4 text-xs text-ui-secondary leading-relaxed [&amp;_p]:inline"><p>22年10月、23年3月に実施した『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』(原書:1981年)をめぐる講義に続き、この講義では同書と内容的に対をなす<strong>スタンリー・カヴェル『涙の果て——知られざる女性のハリウッド・メロドラマ』(中川雄一訳、春秋社、2023年、原書:1996年)の前半</strong>を扱います。<strong>毎回40~50</strong>ページほどのペースで本を読み進めつつ、3回目と4回目にはそれぞれ一本の映画を同時に扱います。</p><p>主にハリウッド映画について論じたカヴェルのテクストは、映画を理論的に分析した学術的なものというよりは、<strong>アメリカ人としての彼の個人的な経験や記憶と強く結びついた、哲学的エッセイ</strong>の要素を強く持っています。それゆえ、ややとっつきにくい印象を持たれがちである一方で、どちらかといえば研究よりは映画批評に通じるような、<strong>非常に独創的な記述に溢れており、読めば不思議と元気が湧いてくるような内容となっています。</strong>本講義では、飛躍や脱線を数多く含むようにも見える彼の文を素直に読んでいくなかで、みなさんがカヴェルの思想や文体の魅力を見出すきっかけを少しでも提供できればと考えています。</p><p>そんなカヴェルが映画を論じた何冊かの著作は、欧米ではジル・ドゥルーズらと並ぶ<strong>きわめて大きな影響力を有する哲学者の映画論</strong>として、現在まで盛んに論じられてきました。また、彼の議論は映画研究の文脈を超えて、<strong>美術批評家のマイケル・フリードや、テレンス・マリックやアルノー・デプレシャン、ダルデンヌ兄弟といった現役の映画監督たちの活動をおおいに触発してきた</strong>ことでも知られています。</p><p>近年立て続けに主著の翻訳が刊行されたことで、ようやく日本においてもカヴェルの多岐にわたる仕事を再考する機運が高まってきているように思います。本講義では、彼の特異な文体の魅力をみなさんと共有しながら、具体的な作品解釈や彼の議論への意見を交換し、考えを深めていければと考えています。<strong>前回までの講義で扱った『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』との関連についても要所で言及しつつ、『涙の果て』前半部の内容をなるべく噛み砕いてお伝えできるよう努めます。</strong></p><p>本講義は、本書やカヴェルの議論、あるいはメロドラマ映画やロマンティック・コメディ映画、映画論全般に関心を持つ方に加えて、哲学や現代思想に興味がある方、パートナーとの関係がうまくいっていない方などに受講をおすすめします。ふだん映画は観るが映画批評はそれほど読まない方、逆に哲学書は読むものの映画はあまり観ないといった方も歓迎します。著作および講義内容や登場する映画、人物に関する質問は、些細なものでも随時Slackにて受け付けます。積極的なご参加をお待ちしております。</p><p>使用テクスト:『涙の果て——知られざる女性のハリウッド・メロドラマ』(中川雄一訳、春秋社、2023年)<strong>序文から第2章まで</strong>を読みます。重要な箇所については一部原文との対比を行う可能性がありますが、その際は原文の英語を動画内で紹介しますので原書の入手は不要です。<strong>第3回以降には各回一本の映画(『ガス燈』、『忘れじの面影』)を扱います</strong>が、それらの作品については、現在DVD版だけでなくU-NEXT、Amazon Primeなどの配信でも閲覧可能となっておりますので、適宜ご参照ください。</p><p>また、必ずしも読了の必要はありませんが、<strong>日本語で読めるカヴェルを論じた入門的なテクストを中心とする関連文献や、今回扱う映画についてカヴェルが執筆した本書とは異なる短めのエッセイ</strong>についても、随時講義内でご紹介します。</p></div></div></div><footer class="px-5 py-2.5 border-t border-ui-border/50 self-end w-full"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-nowrap"> <div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"> <div class="w-8 h-8 rounded-full bg-ui-border flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 flex-nowrap"><span class="font-sans text-sm leading-tight text-ui-secondary">冨</span></div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">冨塚亮平<!-- --> <!-- -->(神奈川大学)</span> </div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">¥<!-- -->6,600</span></div></footer></article></a><a class="block h-full" href="/lectures/064f01aa-1b99-4149-bad5-3484ee261ec3"><article class="rounded-thin overflow-hidden flex flex-col bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary h-full shadow-[0_0_16px_rgba(0,0,0,0.08)] hover:shadow-[0_0_24px_rgba(0,0,0,0.12)] transition-shadow rounded-thin border border-ui-border" aria-label="精神のエネルギー"><div class="text-base leading-relaxed"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch relative aspect-video w-full bg-ui-bg-subtle border-b border-b-ui-border"><div class="relative flex items-center justify-center w-full flex-1 p-2"><div class="absolute h-[calc(100%-2rem)]" style="transform-origin:bottom center;z-index:10;transform:none"><div class="relative overflow-hidden flex items-center justify-center group aspect-auto h-full w-auto rounded-[3px]"><img src="https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/71x5qzLshBL._SL1200_.jpg" alt="精神のエネルギー" class="w-full h-full transition-all duration-500 opacity-0 object-contain"/><div class="absolute inset-0 animate-pulse bg-ui-secondary/10" aria-hidden="true"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="text-base leading-relaxed px-5 py-4 flex-1"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch flex-1"><h3 class="font-bold text-lg leading-tight"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-y-1"><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-wrap gap-y-1"><span class="inline-flex items-center justify-center font-medium rounded-thin transition-colors whitespace-nowrap border text-ui-primary border-ui-border px-1.5 py-1.5 text-[10px] leading-none gap-0.5 bg-ui-bg-subtle">ON-DEMAND</span><div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"></div></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-end"><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary flex shrink-0 items-center justify-end whitespace-nowrap"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-calendar w-3 h-3 inline-block mr-1 shrink-0" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 2v4"></path><path d="M16 2v4"></path><rect width="18" height="18" x="3" y="4" rx="2"></rect><path d="M3 10h18"></path></svg>October 2, 2025</span><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">4 sessions</span></div></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">精神のエネルギー</h4></div></h3><div class="line-clamp-4 text-xs text-ui-secondary leading-relaxed [&amp;_p]:inline"><p><span><strong>この講義は、2022年1月に実施された同名のライブ講義をオンデマンド化したものです。</strong></span></p><p><span>フランスの哲学者ベルクソン(1859-1941)の講義・論文をまとめた『精神のエネルギー』(1919)を読みましょう。この本は、『時間と自由』・『物質と記憶』といった彼の主著としては数えられませんが、「心」の働きについて語られた講演原稿・小論等が七篇収められている、重要な資料です。実は、ベルクソンは講演・講義の名手でした(コレージュ・ド・フランスの講義は超満員!)。なるほど読んでみれば実に明快な議論がなされています。それゆえに、この著作はベルクソン自身によるベルクソン入門としてよく知られたものです。しかし「入門」とはいっても、『物質と記憶』で展開された知覚論・記憶論を前提としたその内容の射程は実に深いものです。また、流麗な文章から垣間見える彼の率直な関心の表明は、1900年代という知的状況の中のベルクソンの姿をいきいきと伝えてくれます。</span></p><p><span>さて、この三週間の講義では、第二章「心と体」・第四章「夢」・第六章「知的努力」に的を絞って読解と議論を行います(これらはそれぞれ別の機会に発表された独立の内容です)。いずれも40ページ前後にまとまった、コンパクトで読みやすいものです。これら三つの講演・論文を読むことによって、人間という生物の持つ、脳と心との複雑な関係について吟味し、われわれが行う知的な営為——いま、われわれがまさに行おうとしている「読書」も含まれます——がどのような活動であるのかを、かなり繊細に・具体的に考えることができます。ただし、これらの講演・論文は『物質と記憶』という彼の主著の内容についての前提を含んでいます。その内容を補足できるサポーターがいれば、この読書はなお面白い。そこで、私の講義の役割があります。『物質と記憶』の内容を導入しつつ『精神のエネルギー』を読解することで、ベルクソンの心理学的・哲学的考察の豊かな世界に触れてみましょう。</span></p><p><span>
3とりわけ次のような方には強くお勧めできる内容になります。</span></p><p><span>・ベルクソンの哲学・思想になんとなく興味を持っていて、読んでみるきっかけが欲しい方</span></p><p><span>・他のベルクソンの著作にチャレンジしてみたものの、ハードルの高さを感じたという方 </span></p><p><span>・『物質と記憶』が扱うような、意識の問題・記憶の問題・心身問題に関心があるという方 </span></p><p><span>(・『物質と記憶』をお読みになった方で、内容の復習・応用に取り組んでみたい方)</span></p><p><span>*『精神のエネルギー』の三つの講演・論文の読解を通じて、『物質と記憶』の部分的な内容を、具体的なレベルで噛み砕いた講義を提供することになります。そこで私の『物質と記憶』講義にご参加いただいた皆さまには、あの著作の復習・応用の機会としてもご利用いただけると思います。ぜひいらっしゃってください。</span></p></div></div></div><footer class="px-5 py-2.5 border-t border-ui-border/50 self-end w-full"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-between flex-nowrap"> <div class="flex flex-row gap-1 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"> <div class="w-8 h-8 rounded-full bg-ui-border flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 flex-nowrap"><span class="font-sans text-sm leading-tight text-ui-secondary">濱</span></div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">濱田明日郎<!-- --> <!-- -->(在野研究者)</span> </div><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">¥<!-- -->4,500</span></div></footer></article></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-center flex-nowrap"><a class="underline underline-offset-4 decoration-ui-border hover:decoration-ui-primary" href="/lectures?isOnDemand=true"><p class="font-sans text-sm leading-normal text-ui-secondary">See all on-demand lectures</p></a></div></div></div></section><section class="py-32 pb-6 md:pb-32" aria-labelledby="toi-heading"><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 items-stretch max-w-6xl mb-8 md:mb-12"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary text-balance" id="toi-heading">Questions are at the heart of this course</h2><p class="font-sans text-lg md:text-xl leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary text-pretty">Each week, the lecturer presents something to think about as you read. Participants respond freely on the discussion board, and the answers are taken up in the next lecture.</p></div></div><div class="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-5 md:gap-6"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(16px)"><blockquote class="border-l-2 border-ui-rust-mid p-5 md:p-6 bg-ui-bg-subtle h-full"><p class="text-base text-ui-primary font-display leading-relaxed mb-3">みなさんは、人間ならではの質の高い快楽を手放してもいいと思いますか、思いませんか。</p><footer><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary tracking-wide">『功利主義』を読む</span></footer></blockquote></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(16px)"><blockquote class="border-l-2 border-ui-rust-mid p-5 md:p-6 bg-ui-bg-subtle h-full"><p class="text-base text-ui-primary font-display leading-relaxed mb-3">①《復習》「誰も自動車を運転することを法律で強制されないが、学校に通うことはすべての人が法律で義務づけられている」(p. 117)。もし明日から就学が高速道路と同じ扱い――使いたい人だけ使う――になったら、あなた自身(あるいはあなたの子ども)は学校に行きますか? 行く/行かない理由はなんですか?
4
5
6②《予習》次回は第6章「学習のためのネットワーク」(135〜189頁)です。イリイチは学校に代わるものとして、四つの仕組ã
6¿ã‚’構想します――①学びに使える「モノ」(本・道具・機械・場所)に誰でもアクセスできる仕組み、②技能をもつ人がそれを教えたい人と出会える仕組み、③同じことを学びたい仲間どうしが出会える仕組み、④助言してくれる先達(教育者)を探せる仕組み。このうち、インターネットやSNS、生成AIによって「実現した」と思えるものはありますか? 逆に、実現したことで別の問題が生じたと思えるものは?</p><footer><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary tracking-wide">脱学校の社会</span></footer></blockquote></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(16px)"><blockquote class="border-l-2 border-ui-rust-mid p-5 md:p-6 bg-ui-bg-subtle h-full"><p class="text-base text-ui-primary font-display leading-relaxed mb-3">①心に残った一節は?
7
8(おもしろかったところ/心の琴線に触れたところ/違和感のあったところ/よく分からなかったところ/口が悪いなと思ったところなど)
9
10②「思想」を持つとはどういうことだと思いますか?
11 オルテガは8章で、「平均人は自分の内部で『思想』を見い出すが、思想を考え出す機能に欠けている」(151)などと、大衆による思想は「本来の思想ではない」と批判します。これらの論述を踏まえながら、思ったこと感じたことを書き出してみてください。
12
13③(あれば)感想/つぶやき/前回講義の感想など自由に</p><footer><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary tracking-wide">大衆の反逆</span></footer></blockquote></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(16px)"><blockquote class="border-l-2 border-ui-rust-mid p-5 md:p-6 bg-ui-bg-subtle h-full"><p class="text-base text-ui-primary font-display leading-relaxed mb-3">① 法を強制的命令として捉えるオースティンの理論は、説得的でしょうか?
14みなさんの意見を理由とともに教えてください。
15e.g. 命令法は法の規範性(〜すべき/せよ)をよく捉えていると思うので説得された。
16
17② 第1章、第2章の内容で特に印象に残った・引っ掛かった箇所を理由とともに教えてください。
18e.g. 「法」の定義が難しいことがなかなか納得できなかった。述べられている定義の難しさは、その他の語にも共通するように思える。
19
20※自由な発想で、ご自身の考える「法」のイメージや関わり方を共有してください。</p><footer><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary tracking-wide">法の概念</span></footer></blockquote></div></div></div></div></section><section class="py-32 pb-6 md:pb-32" aria-labelledby="shape-heading"><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="rounded-thin border transition-colors overflow-hidden flex flex-col bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary rounded-thin border-ui-border shadow"><div class="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-0"><div class="text-base leading-relaxed px-5 py-4 flex-1 md:p-10"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch h-full"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><span class="text-xs uppercase tracking-widest font-sans-regular leading-none text-ui-rust">COMMUNITY-DRIVEN</span></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary" id="shape-heading">Vote for the books you want to read</h2></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Suggest books you want to read and vote for them. Books with the most votes are considered for real courses. Your vote shapes the next lecture.</p></div><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap mt-auto pt-2"><a href="/lecture-request"><button type="button" class="relative border rounded-thin cursor-pointer disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:pointer-events-none transition-all enabled:hover:-translate-y-0.5 active:translate-y-0 enabled:active:scale-98 font-medium font-sans inline-flex items-center justify-center overflow-hidden focu
20s-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-ui-accent outline-none px-5 text-base min-w-16 h-[var(--height-control-md)] bg-ui-primary text-ui-bg border-ui-primary hover:opacity-90" aria-busy="false" aria-live="polite"><span class="flex items-center gap-2 transition-opacity visible"><div class="flex flex-row gap-2 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><span class="font-sans text-sm leading-normal text-inherit">Request a Lecture</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-arrow-right w-4 h-4" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M5 12h14"></path><path d="m12 5 7 7-7 7"></path></svg></div></span></button></a></div></div></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-stretch bg-ui-bg-subtle md:border-l border-ui-border"><div class="text-base leading-relaxed px-5 py-4 flex-1 md:p-10"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch justify-center h-full"><div class="grid grid-cols-[auto_1fr] gap-x-3 gap-y-2 items-center"><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-center w-6 h-6 rounded-full bg-ui-rust/10 justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-check w-3.5 h-3.5 text-ui-rust" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20 6 9 17l-5-5"></path></svg></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">Community voting</h4><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary col-start-2">Suggest books you want to read</p></div><div class="grid grid-cols-[auto_1fr] gap-x-3 gap-y-2 items-center"><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-center w-6 h-6 rounded-full bg-ui-rust/10 justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-check w-3.5 h-3.5 text-ui-rust" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20 6 9 17l-5-5"></path></svg></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">Direct influence</h4><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary col-start-2">Books with the most votes become real courses</p></div><div class="grid grid-cols-[auto_1fr] gap-x-3 gap-y-2 items-center"><div class="flex flex-col gap-0 items-center w-6 h-6 rounded-full bg-ui-rust/10 justify-center"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-check w-3.5 h-3.5 text-ui-rust" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20 6 9 17l-5-5"></path></svg></div><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">Curated selection</h4><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary col-start-2">We review every suggestion carefully</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="py-12 pb-6 md:pb-32" aria-labelledby="questions-heading"><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch text-center"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary" id="questions-heading">
20Have questions?</h2></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="max-w-2xl mx-auto text-left"><div class="flex flex-col gap-2 items-stretch"><div class="bg-ui-bg border border-ui-border rounded-thin grid grid-cols-[18px_1fr] gap-x-4 px-4 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-2 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-ui-primary has-[:focus-visible]:ring-offset-2"><button id="accordion-trigger8c27c4e6-ef51-4b0f-8f78-c251d8e0d980" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-panel8c27c4e6-ef51-4b0f-8f78-c251d8e0d980" class="contents"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down text-ui-primary self-center shrink-0 transition-transform duration-300" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg><span class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-primary py-4 text-left">Where can I get the required books?</span></button><div aria-hidden="true"></div><div id="accordion-panel8c27c4e6-ef51-4b0f-8f78-c251d8e0d980" role="region" aria-labelledby="accordion-trigger8c27c4e6-ef51-4b0f-8f78-c251d8e0d980" aria-hidden="true" class="overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out max-h-0 opacity-0"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Please obtain the books yourself. If a book is out of stock or expensive, we recommend using a university or public library. Calil, a nationwide library catalogue search service, is very convenient.</p></div></div><div class="bg-ui-bg border border-ui-border rounded-thin grid grid-cols-[18px_1fr] gap-x-4 px-4 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-2 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-ui-primary has-[:focus-visible]:ring-offset-2"><button id="accordion-trigger2c3b22a4-51b7-4dba-b9f2-ee561b5546c5" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-panel2c3b22a4-51b7-4dba-b9f2-ee561b5546c5" class="contents"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down text-ui-primary self-center shrink-0 transition-transform duration-300" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg><span class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-primary py-4 text-left">Is it okay if I am reading the book for the first time?</span></button><div aria-hidden="true"></div><div id="accordion-panel2c3b22a4-51b7-4dba-b9f2-ee561b5546c5" role="region" aria-labelledby="accordion-trigger2c3b22a4-51b7-4dba-b9f2-ee561b5546c5" aria-hidden="true" class="overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out max-h-0 opacity-0"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">All lectures are designed for participants who are reading the work for the first time. Beginners can join with complete confidence.</p></div></div><div class="bg-ui-bg border border-ui-border rounded-thin grid grid-cols-[18px_1fr] gap-x-4 px-4 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-2 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-ui-primary has-[:focus-visible]:ring-offset-2"><button id="accordion-trigger7eaee20d-6390-402f-9b73-eb5ab5cd6aba" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-panel7eaee20d-6390-402f-9b73-eb5ab5cd6aba" class="contents"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down text-ui-primary self-center shrink-0 transition-transform duration-300" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg><span class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-primary py-4 text-left">Is it okay if I can&#x27;t attend all sessions?</span></button><div aria-hidden="true"></div><div id="accordion-panel7eaee20d-6390-402f-9b73-eb5ab5cd6aba" role="region" aria-labelledby="accordion-trigger7eaee20d-6390-402f-9b73-eb5ab5cd6aba" aria-hidden="true" class="overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out max-h-0 opacity-0"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">We record all sessions and share them with participants, so you are welcome to register even if you cannot attend every session. Recordings are shared within half a day after each lecture.</p></div></div><div class="bg-ui-bg border border-ui-border rounded-thin grid grid-cols-[18px_1fr] gap-x-4 px-4 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-2 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-ui-primary has-[:focus-visible]:ring-offset-2"><button id="accordion-trigger7f7a910a-538c-4e26-ba40-9da5bd122b38" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-panel7f7a910a-538c-4e26-ba40-9da5bd122b38" class="contents"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down text-ui-primary self-center shrink-0 transition-transform duration-300" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg><span class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-primary py-4 text-left">Can I register even if I cannot attend the live sessions due to scheduling conflicts?</span></button><div aria-hidden="true"></div><div id="accordion-panel7f7a910a-538c-4e26-ba40-9da5bd122b38" role="region" aria-labelledby="accordion-trigger7f7a910a-538c-4e26-ba40-9da5bd122b38" aria-hidden="true" class="overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out max-h-0 opacity-0"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Each session is recorded and shared with participants within half a day after the lecture. You are welcome to join even if attending some sessions is difficult.</p></div></div><div class="bg-ui-bg border border-ui-border rounded-thin grid grid-cols-[18px_1fr] gap-x-4 px-4 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-2 has-[:focus-visible]:ring-ui-primary has-[:focus-visible]:ring-offset-2"><button id="accordion-triggerf51d7de6-faf4-4e8e-bb35-d083fff4ede7" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-panelf51d7de6-faf4-4e8e-bb35-d083fff4ede7" class="contents"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down text-ui-primary self-center shrink-0 transition-transform duration-300" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg><span class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-primary py-4 text-left">What is the registration deadline?</span></button><div aria-hidden="true"></div><div id="accordion-panelf51d7de6-faf4-4e8e-bb35-d083fff4ede7" role="region" aria-labelledby="accordion-triggerf51d7de6-faf4-4e8e-bb35-d083fff4ede7" aria-hidden="true" class="overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out max-h-0 opacity-0"><p class="font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">The registration deadline is 12:00 noon on the final day of the lecture.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="flex flex-row gap-2 items-center flex-nowrap justify-center pt-1"><a href="/faq"><button type="button" class="relative border rounded-thin cursor-pointer disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:pointer-events-none transition-all enabled:hover:-translate-y-0.5 active:translate-y-0 enabled:active:scale-98 font-medium font-sans inline-flex items-center justify-center overflow-hidden focu
20s-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-ui-accent outline-none px-5 text-base min-w-16 h-[var(--height-control-md)] bg-ui-bg text-ui-primary border-ui-border hover:border-ui-primary" aria-busy="false" aria-live="polite"><span class="flex items-center gap-2 transition-opacity visible">Read FAQ</span></button></a><a href="/contact"><button type="button" class="relative border rounded-thin cursor-pointer disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:pointer-events-none transition-all enabled:hover:-translate-y-0.5 active:translate-y-0 enabled:active:scale-98 font-medium font-sans inline-flex items-center justify-center overflow-hidden focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-ui-accent outline-none px-5 text-base min-w-16 h-[var(--height-control-md)] bg-ui-primary text-ui-bg border-ui-primary hover:opacity-90" aria-busy="false" aria-live="polite"><span class="flex items-center gap-2 transition-opacity visible">Contact us</span></button></a></div></div></div></section><section class="py-32 pb-6 md:pb-32" aria-labelledby="become-lecturer-heading"><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-3xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-stretch mx-auto text-center"><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><h4 class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-rust font-bold">BECOME A LECTURER</h4></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary" id="become-lecturer-heading">Bring your expertise beyond academia</h2></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><p class="font-sans text-lg md:text-xl leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Why not open a course on a book you&#x27;ve engaged with deeply, for readers who want to read it carefully? Reading a book through an academically trained lens is an experience general readers rarely have access to. We welcome lecturers from any field.</p></div><div style="opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)"><div class="flex flex-row gap-4 items-center flex-nowrap justify-center pt-2"><a href="/teach"><button type="button" class="relative border rounded-thin cursor-pointer disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:pointer-events-none transition-all enabled:hover:-translate-y-0.5 active:translate-y-0 enabled:active:scale-98 font-medium font-sans inline-flex items-center justify-center overflow-hidden focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-ui-accent outline-none px-5 text-base min-w-16 h-[var(--height-control-md)] bg-ui-primary text-ui-bg border-ui-primary hover:opacity-90" aria-busy="false" aria-live="polite"><span class="flex items-center gap-2 transition-opacity visible"><div class="flex flex-row gap-2 items-center justify-start flex-nowrap"><span class="font-sans text-sm leading-normal text-inherit">Apply to Teach</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-arrow-right w-4 h-4" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M5 12h14"></path><path d="m12 5 7 7-7 7"></path></svg></div></span></button></a></div></div></div></div></section><section class="py-32 pb-12 md:pb-32" aria-label="When you put it into words, your thoughts emerge."><div class="mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-7xl"><div class="flex flex-col gap-6 items-center text-center"><h2 class="font-display text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight leading-tight text-ui-primary">When you put it into words, your thoughts emerge.</h2><p class="font-sans text-lg md:text-xl leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary">Try reading one book deeply in a reading course guided by a researcher.</p><a href="/lectures"><button type="button" class="relative border rounded-thin cursor-pointer disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40 disabled:pointer-events-none transition-all enabled:hover:-translate-y-0.5 active:translate-y-0 enabled:active:scale-98 font-medium font-sans inline-flex items-center justify-center overflow-hidden focu
20s-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-ui-accent outline-none px-5 text-base min-w-16 h-[var(--height-control-md)] bg-ui-primary text-ui-bg border-ui-primary hover:opacity-90" aria-busy="false" aria-live="polite"><span class="flex items-center gap-2 transition-opacity visible">Browse all lectures</span></button></a></div></div></section></main><!--$--><!--/$--></div><footer role="contentinfo" class="flex-col sm:flex-row items-center gap-2 sm:gap-4 sm:justify-between py-2 sm:py-4 border-t border-ui-border hidden lg:flex mx-auto w-full px-[clamp(1rem,4vw,2rem)] max-w-full lg:mr-[var(--assistant-reserved-w)] transition-[margin] duration-200 ease-out"><div class="flex flex-col items-center sm:items-start"><span class="font-display text-lg md:text-xl leading-snug text-ui-primary">The Five Books</span><span class="font-sans text-xs leading-normal text-ui-tertiary">Place for thoughtful readers</span></div><nav aria-label="Footer navigation"><ul class="flex items-center gap-4 list-none flex-wrap justify-end gap-x-4 gap-y-2"><li><a class="text-xs text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-primary" href="/about">About</a></li><li><a class="text-xs text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-primary" href="/teach">Teach</a></li><li><a class="text-xs text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-primary" href="/contact">Contact</a></li><li><a class="text-xs text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-primary" href="/faq">FAQ</a></li><li><a class="text-xs text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-primary" href="/privacy-policy">Privacy</a></li><li><a class="text-xs text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-primary" href="/terms">Terms</a></li><hr aria-orientation="vertical" class="h-auto self-stretch border-0 min-h-[1em] inline-block border-ui-border border-solid border-l"/><button aria-label="Switch to dark mode" class="p-2 rounded-md text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-primary transition-colors"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-sun w-4 h-4" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg></button><button aria-label="Switch to JA" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 p-2 rounded-md text-ui-secondary hover:text-ui-primary transition-colors"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-languages w-4 h-4" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m5 8 6 6"></path><path d="m4 14 6-6 2-3"></path><path d="M2 5h12"></path><path d="M7 2h1"></path><path d="m22 22-5-10-5 10"></path><path d="M14 18h6"></path></svg><span class="text-xs font-medium">EN</span></button></ul></nav></footer><button aria-label="Switch to JA" class="md:hidden fixed bottom-6 right-4 z-50 w-11 h-11 rounded-full bg-ui-bg border border-ui-border shadow-md flex items-center justify-center text-xs font-semibold text-ui-primary hover:bg-ui-bg-subtle transition-colors">JA</button><section aria-label="Notifications alt+T" tabindex="-1" aria-live="polite" aria-relevant="additions text" aria-atomic="false"></section>
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This action cannot be undone.\",\"confirm\":\"Confirm Rejection\",\"confirming\":\"Rejecting...\"}}},\"adminContacts\":{\"title\":\"Contacts\",\"counters\":{\"pending\":\"Pending\",\"inProgress\":\"In progress\",\"resolved\":\"Resolved\"},\"tabs\":{\"pending\":\"Pending\",\"inProgress\":\"In progress\",\"resolved\":\"Resolved\"},\"empty\":{\"pending\":\"No pending inquiries.\",\"inProgress\":\"Nothing in progress.\",\"resolved\":\"No resolved inquiries yet.\"},\"card\":{\"reply\":\"Reply\",\"markInProgress\":\"Mark in progress\",\"markResolved\":\"Mark resolved\",\"reopen\":\"Reopen\",\"lectureLabel\":\"Lecture\",\"submittedAt\":\"Submitted\",\"topics\":{\"general\":\"General\",\"technical_support\":\"Technical Support\",\"attending_lecture\":\"Attending a lecture\",\"enrollment_help\":\"Enrollment help\",\"become_lecturer\":\"Become a lecturer\",\"partnership\":\"Partnership\",\"feedback\":\"Feedback\"}},\"replyModal\":{\"title\":\"Reply to {name}\",\"toLabel\":\"To\",\"originalLabel\":\"Original inquiry\",\"placeholder\":\"Type your reply here…\",\"send\":\"Send reply\",\"sending\":\"Sending…\",\"cancel\":\"Cancel\",\"note\":\"Sending will email the user and mark this inquiry as resolved.\"}},\"lecturesList\":{\"page\":{\"title\":\"Lectures\",\"subtitle\":\"Structured reading courses on philosophy, theory, and the humanities.\",\"count\":\"lectures\"},\"filter\":{\"search\":{\"label\":\"Search Lecture\",\"placeholder\":\"Search lectures...\"},\"type\":{\"label\":\"Type\",\"placeholder\":\"All Types\",\"live\":\"Live\",\"onDemand\":\"On Demand\"},\"schedule\":{\"label\":\"Schedule\",\"placeholder\":\"Any Schedule\",\"thisWeek\":\"This week\",\"thisMonth\":\"This month\",\"nextMonth\":\"Next month\",\"past\":\"Past\",\"future\":\"Upcoming\",\"ongoingAndFuture\":\"Ongoing \u0026 upcoming\",\"futureOnly\":\"Upcoming\",\"closed\":\"Ended\"},\"lecturer\":{\"label\":\"Lecturer\",\"placeholder\":\"Select lecturers\"},\"genre\":{\"label\":\"Genre\",\"placeholder\":\"Select genres\"},\"more\":\"+{count} more\",\"clearAll\":\"Clear all filters\",\"enrollment\":{\"label\":\"Enrollment\",\"placeholder\":\"All Lectures\",\"notEnrolled\":\"Not yet enrolled\"},\"toggle\":\"Filters\"},\"sort\":{\"newest\":\"Newest\",\"oldest\":\"Oldest\",\"upcoming\":\"Starting soonest\"},\"card\":{\"untitled\":\"Untitled\",\"enrolled\":\"Enrolled\",\"livePrice\":\"Live\",\"onDemandPrice\":\"On Demand\",\"free\":\"Free\",\"status\":{\"published\":\"Upcoming\",\"ongoing\":\"Ongoing\",\"closed\":\"Closed\"},\"type\":{\"live\":\"LIVE\",\"onDemand\":\"ON-DEMAND\"},\"studentFree\":\"Student Free\",\"sessions\":\"{count} sessions\"},\"empty\":\"No lectures found.\"},\"lectures\":{\"type\":{\"live\":\"LIVE\",\"onDemand\":\"ON-DEMAND\"},\"moreBooks\":\"+{count} more\",\"countdown\":{\"days\":\"Starts in {days} days\",\"tomorrow\":\"Starts tomorrow\",\"today\":\"Starts today\"}},\"lectureDetail\":{\"previewBanner\":{\"label\":\"Preview Mode\",\"backToEdit\":\"← Back to edit\"},\"title\":{\"reading\":\"Reading\",\"otherBooks\":\"+{count} more\"},\"books\":{\"title\":\"Books in this lecture\",\"findCta\":\"Find this book\",\"amazonLabel\":\"View on Amazon\",\"calilCta\":\"Find at library\"},\"schedule\":{\"weeks\":\"{count} weeks\",\"lectures\":\"({count} lectures)\",\"recurringWeekday\":\"Every {weekday}\",\"recurringWeekdayShort\":\"Every {weekday} from {hour}:00\"},\"overview\":{\"title\":\"Lecture Overview\"},\"pricing\":{\"enrollmentOptions\":\"Enrollment Options\",\"includes\":\"Includes\",\"liveOption\":\"Live\",\"liveDescription\":\"Join the live session with the lecturer.\",\"onDemandOption\":\"On-demand\",\"onDemandDescription\":\"Watch recordings of each session at your own pace.\",\"enroll\":\"Enroll\",\"enrollFor\":\"Enroll {option} for {price}\",\"redirecting\":\"Redirecting to checkout...\",\"processing\":\"Confirming your enrollment...\",\"enrolled\":\"You're Enrolled\",\"enrolledDescription\":\"You have access to this lecture.\",\"processingTimeout\":\"Payment received. If your enrollment doesn't appear shortly, please check your dashboard.\",\"goToDashboard\":\"Go to Dashboard\",\"closed\":\"This lecture has ended\",\"closedDescription\":\"Enrollment is no longer available. You can still access recordings if you are enrolled.\",\"draftPreview\":\"Draft — not visible to students\",\"contents\":{\"liveWeeklySeminars\":\"Live weekly seminars\",\"exclusiveDiscussionBoard\":\"Exclusive discussion board\",\"videoRecording\":\"Video recording of each session\",\"lectureMaterials\":\"Lecture materials\"},\"onDemandContents\":{\"videoRecording\":\"Video recording of each session\",\"lectureMaterials\":\"Lecture materials\"},\"studentFreeAccess\":\"Free for Students\",\"studentFreeDescription\":\"Your academic email qualifies you for free on-demand access to this lecture.\",\"claimFreeAccess\":\"Get Free Access\",\"studentConfirmTitle\":\"Are you a current student?\",\"studentConfirmDescription\":\"This lecture is free for currently enrolled students. Academic emails include faculty and staff — please confirm below only if you are a student.\",\"studentConfirmCheckbox\":\"I confirm I am a current student\",\"ownerBadge\":\"You are the lecturer\",\"ownerDescription\":\"This is your own lecture. Use the studio to edit or manage it.\",\"manageInStudio\":\"Manage in studio\",\"chooseOption\":\"Choose a plan\"},\"tabs\":{\"preview\":\"Preview\",\"demo\":\"Demo\",\"syllabus\":\"Syllabus\",\"message\"
20:\"Message\",\"reviews\":\"Reviews\",\"faq\":\"FAQ\",\"faqMoreLink\":\"See all FAQs\",\"defaultSessionTitle\":\"Session {index}\",\"reviewsPlaceholder\":\"Reviews\",\"noReviews\":\"No reviews yet for this lecturer.\"},\"demo\":{\"title\":\"Demo Video\",\"playAriaLabel\":\"Play demo video\",\"caption\":\"This video is from another lecture by the same lecturer, shared so you can get a feel for their teaching style and atmosphere.\",\"fromOtherLecture\":\"From another lecture\",\"overlay\":{\"title\":\"Demo complete\",\"description\":\"That was a {minutes}-minute look at the lecturer's teaching style. Enroll in this lecture to attend the full session.\",\"cta\":\"View enrollment options\"}},\"preview\":{\"title\":\"Preview Video\",\"playAriaLabel\":\"Play preview video\",\"caption\":\"The first {minutes} minutes of session 1 of this lecture, available as a free preview.\",\"overlay\":{\"title\":\"Preview complete\",\"description\":\"You have watched the free {minutes}-minute preview. Enroll to watch the full lecture.\",\"cta\":\"View enrollment options\"}}},\"adminLectures\":{\"list\":{\"title\":\"All Lectures\",\"createButton\":\"Create New\",\"count\":\"lectures\",\"empty\":\"No lectures found.\"},\"create\":{\"title\":\"Create Lecture\"},\"edit\":{\"title\":\"Edit Lecture\"},\"manage\":{\"title\":\"Manage Resources\",\"tabVideos\":\"Lecture Videos\",\"tabDocuments\":\"Document\"},\"cancelLecture\":{\"button\":\"Cancel this lecture\",\"modalTitle\":\"Cancel this lecture?\",\"warning\":\"You are about to refund ¥{amount} to {count} student(s). This action cannot be undone.\",\"reasonLabel\":\"Reason (shown to students)\",\"reasonPlaceholder\":\"e.g. unable to proceed due to health reasons\",\"reasonRequired\":\"A reason is required.\",\"modalConfirm\":\"Cancel lecture\",\"modalCancel\":\"Keep lecture\"}},\"studioCreate\":{\"page\":{\"title\":\"Create New Lecture\"},\"duplicate\":{\"trigger\":\"Start from a past lecture\",\"notice\":\"The content carries over. Dates and prices need to be entered again.\",\"untitled\":\"Untitled\"},\"sections\":{\"basicInfo\":\"Basic Information\",\"schedule\":\"Schedule\",\"content\":\"Content and Details\",\"pricing\":\"Pricing\"},\"fields\":{\"lectureName\":\"Lecture Title\",\"lectureType\":\"Lecture Type\",\"lectureTypePlaceholder\":\"Select lecture type\",\"lectureTypeLive\":\"Live\",\"lectureTypeOnDemand\":\"On Demand\",\"genres\":\"Genre\",\"genresPlaceholder\":\"Search or add genre...\",\"genresAdd\":\"Add \\\"{name}\\\"\",\"genresAdding\":\"Adding...\",\"genresNoResults\":\"No genres found\",\"startDate\":\"Start Date\",\"endDate\":\"End Date\",\"lectureTime\":\"Lecture Time\",\"lectureTimePlaceholder\":\"Select a time slot...\",\"deliveryMode\":\"Delivery mode\",\"deliveryModeScheduled\":\"Scheduled sessions (with start \u0026 end date)\",\"deliveryModeBatch\":\"Upload all at once (start date only)\",\"sessionCount\":\"Number of sessions\",\"sessionCountPlaceholder\":\"e.g. 5\",\"overview\":\"Overview\",\"message\":\"Message\",\"thumbnail\":\"Thumbnail\",\"demoVideo\":\"Demo Video\",\"demoVideoNone\":\"None (no demo video)\",\"demoVideoHint\":\"Pick a video from another lecture you've taught. Prospective students see up to the first 20 minutes as a feel-of-the-lecture demo. The full video is shown to you here.\",\"previewToggle\":\"Show first 20 minutes of session 1 as a preview\",\"previewToggleHint\":\"When session 1's video is available, prospective students can watch the first 20 minutes for free. For on-demand lectures, uploading session 1 early helps attract enrollments before the start date. For live lectures, session 1's recording becomes the preview after it airs — useful for attracting mid-series enrollments.\",\"sessionSchedule\":\"Session Schedule\",\"sessionTitle\":\"Title\",\"sessionTitlePlaceholder\":\"Session title (optional)\",\"sessionDate\":\"Date\",\"sessionDatePlaceholder\":\"date\",\"sessionDetails\":\"Details\",\"sessionDetailsPlaceholder\":\"What will be covered in this session?\",\"autoConvert\":\"Auto-convert to on-demand after live?\",\"autoConvertYes\":\"Yes, auto-convert after live ends\",\"autoConvertNo\":\"No, live only\",\"livePrice\":\"Live Price\",\"onDemandPrice\":\"On Demand Price\",\"uploadBookCoverLabel\":\"Upload book cover\",\"removeBook\":\"Remove book\",\"bookAuthorPlaceholder\":\"Author\",\"studentFreeOnDemand\":\"Free on-demand access for students\",\"studentFreeOnDemandHint\":\"Students with academic email addresses (.ac.jp, .edu, etc.) can access on-demand videos for free.\",\"studentFreeOnDemandDisabledHint\"
20:\"Enable on-demand (above) to unlock this option.\",\"discussionWindow\":\"Discussion posting window\",\"discussionWindowWeeks\":\"{weeks} weeks after the final session\",\"discussionWindowHint\":\"How long participants may keep posting after the final session. Two weeks by default, up to eight.\"},\"books\":{\"noImageWarning\":\"Some of the selected book(s) do not have an image. Can you upload the book cover?\",\"uploadModal\":{\"title\":\"Upload book cover\",\"cancel\":\"Cancel\",\"upload\":\"Upload\"}},\"sessions\":{\"addSession\":\"Add session\",\"remove\":\"Remove\"},\"validation\":{\"lectureNameRequired\":\"Lecture title is required when no book is selected\",\"thumbnailRequired\":\"Thumbnail is required when no book is selected\",\"startAtRequired\":\"Start date is required\",\"endAtRequired\":\"End date is required\",\"lectureTimeRequired\":\"Lecture time is required\",\"livePriceRequired\":\"Live price is required\",\"onDemandPriceRequired\":\"On-demand price is required\",\"sessionCountRequired\":\"Number of sessions is required\",\"minSessionsRequired\":\"At least {count} sessions required for this date range.\",\"genreRequired\":\"At least one genre is required\",\"overviewRequired\":\"Lecture overview is required\",\"messageRequired\":\"Message from lecturer is required\",\"messageTooLong\":\"Message from lecturer must be 500 characters or fewer\",\"sessionRequired\":\"Lecture session is required\",\"sessionDetailsRequired\":\"Each session's details should be filled out\",\"sessionDateRequired\":\"Session date is required\"},\"actions\":{\"saveDraft\":\"Save Draft\",\"draftSaved\":\"Draft saved\",\"update\":\"Save Changes\",\"updated\":\"Changes saved\",\"saveFailed\":\"Save failed. Your input has been kept.\",\"publish\":\"Publish\",\"preview\":\"Preview\"},\"notice\":{\"publishedEditable\":\"This lecture is live. Only the thumbnail and auto on-demand setting can be edited.\",\"lockedEditable\":\"This lecture is closed. Only the thumbnail can be edited.\",\"stripeNotComplete\":\"Your payout account is not set up. Students can enroll, but you won't receive payments until you complete Stripe onboarding.\",\"stripeNotCompleteLink\":\"Set up payout →\"},\"publishSuccess\":{\"title\":\"Lecture Published!\",\"subtitle\":\"Your lecture is now live and visible to students.\",\"action\":\"View My Lectures\"},\"publishConfirm\":{\"title\":\"Publish this lecture?\",\"description\":\"Once published, the following details can no longer be changed:\",\"lockedFields\":{\"basicInfo\":\"Lecture title, books, and genres\",\"schedule\":\"Start and end dates, session dates, and session details\",\"pricing\":\"Live price and on-demand price\"},\"editableNote\":\"You can still update the overview, lecturer message, thumbnail, and on-demand settings after publishing.\",\"confirm\":\"Publish\",\"cancel\":\"Cancel\"}},\"studioEdit\":{\"page\":{\"title\":\"Edit Lecture\"},\"cancelLecture\":{\"button\":\"Cancel this lecture\",\"modalTitle\":\"Cancel this lecture?\",\"warning\":\"You are about to refund ¥{amount} to {count} student(s). This action cannot be undone.\",\"reasonLabel\":\"Reason (shown to students)\",\"reasonPlaceholder\":\"e.g. unable to proceed due to health reasons\",\"reasonRequired\":\"A reason is required.\",\"modalConfirm\":\"Cancel lecture\",\"modalCancel\":\"Keep lecture\"}},\"studioList\":{\"page\":{\"title\":\"My Lectures\",\"count\":\"lectures\",\"createButton\":\"Create New\"},\"empty\":\"No lectures yet.\",\"card\":{\"untitled\":\"Untitled\",\"edit\":\"Edit\",\"view\":\"View\",\"discuss\":\"Discuss\",\"manage\":\"Media \u0026 Files\",\"analytics\":\"analytics\",\"revenue\":\"Revenue\",\"more\":\"More actions\"}},\"studioReviews\":{\"page\":{\"title\":\"Student Reviews\",\"subtitle\":\"Monitor feedback across all your lectures.\"},\"allLectures\":\"All Lectures\",\"reviewCount\":\"{count} reviews\",\"attended\":\"attended - {lectureName}\",\"empty\":\"No reviews yet.\"},\"studioManage\":{\"page\":{\"title\":\"Manage Resources\"},\"tabs\":{\"lectureVideos\":\"Lecture Videos\",\"document\":\"Document\"},\"session\":{\"label\":\"Session {order}\"},\"document\":{\"heading\":\"Documents\",\"uploadButton\":\"Upload Document\",\"noDocuments\":\"No documents uploaded.\",\"deleteConfirm\":\"Are you sure you want to delete {label}? 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Please try again.\"},\"video\":{\"idle\":\"Click to upload or drag and drop\",\"error\":\"Upload failed — click to try again\",\"uploading\":\"Uploading…\",\"processing\":\"Submitting to Vimeo…\",\"processingHint\":\"You can close this. We'll notify you when the video is ready.\",\"done\":\"Video submitted successfully\",\"doneHint\":\"Vimeo will process the video and notify you by email when it's ready.\"},\"schedule\":{\"noResources\":\"No resources for this session.\"}},\"myLectureDetail\":{\"back\":\"Back to My Lectures\",\"discussion\":{\"title\":\"Discussion\",\"viewAll\":\"View all\",\"post\":\"Post\",\"noMessages\":\"No messages yet.\",\"postModalTitle\":\"Post to {channel}\"},\"courseOutline\":\"Course Outline\",\"live\":\"LIVE\",\"noDescription\":\"No description available.\",\"materials\":\"Materials for {title}\",\"noMaterials\":\"Not uploaded yet.\",\"downloadAriaLabel\":\"Download file\",\"week\":\"Week {order}\",\"recordingLabel\":\"Recording {n}\",\"joinLive\":\"Join Live\",\"scheduledAt\":\"Scheduled for\",\"upcomingHint\":\"You can join Zoom from this page starting {minutes} minutes before the lecture begins\",\"videoProcessing\":\"Recording will be available soon.\",\"waitingRoom\":{\"title\":\"Waiting room is open\",\"join\":\"Enter Waiting Room\"},\"leftRoom\":{\"title\":\"You've left the session\",\"description\":\"The recording will be available here once it's ready.\"},\"joinGate\":{\"title\":\"Live session is in progress\",\"description\":\"Click below to join. You will be asked for camera and microphone access.\",\"cta\":\"Join Session\"},\"preOpenGate\":{\"title\":\"Waiting room is open\",\"description\":\"The session starts soon. Click below to enter the waiting room.\",\"cta\":\"Enter Waiting Room\"}
20,\"zoom\":{\"openInApp\":\"Open in Zoom app\",\"openInBrowser\":\"Open in browser\"},\"watched\":\"Watched\",\"inProgress\":\"In progress\",\"notStarted\":\"Not started\",\"preparing\":\"Preparing\"},\"liveRoom\":{\"back\":\"Back to Lecture\",\"notReady\":{\"title\":\"Room not yet available\",\"description\":\"The meeting room has not been set up yet. Please try again closer to the lecture time.\"},\"waiting\":{\"title\":\"Lecture starts soon\",\"description\":\"The waiting room will open 30 minutes before the lecture.\",\"opensIn\":\"Waiting room opens in {minutes} min\"},\"zoom\":{\"ready\":{\"title\":\"The session is ready\",\"description\":\"Choose how you'd like to join.\"},\"openInApp\":\"Open in Zoom app\",\"openInBrowser\":\"Open in browser\",\"opensInNewTab\":\"Opens in a new tab\"}},\"settingsPayout\":{\"title\":\"Payout Setup\",\"description\":\"Connect your Stripe account to receive payments for your lectures.\",\"connected\":\"Your Stripe account is connected. You will receive payouts automatically.\",\"notConnected\":\"You have not connected a Stripe account yet. Set up payouts to receive payments.\",\"connectStripe\":\"Set Up Payouts\",\"connecting\":\"Redirecting...\"},\"adminPromotion\":{\"page\":{\"title\":\"Promotion drafts\",\"subtitle\":\"AI-generated SNS posts for recently published lectures. Review, edit, and post when ready.\",\"empty\":\"No promotion drafts yet. Drafts are auto-generated when a lecturer publishes a new lecture.\"},\"list\":{\"lecture\":\"Lecture\",\"drafts\":\"Drafts\",\"posted\":\"Posted\",\"generated\":\"Generated\",\"view\":\"Review\"},\"detail\":{\"title\":\"Promotion drafts for {lectureName}\",\"platforms\":{\"x\":\"X (Twitter)\",\"meta\":\"Facebook \u0026 Instagram\"},\"variant\":\"Variant {n}\",\"angle0\":\"What readers will learn\",\"angle1\":\"Cultural significance\",\"characterCount\":\"{count} characters\",\"generatedAt\":\"Generated {time}\"},\"agentTitle\":\"Promo assistant\",\"agentPlaceholder\":\"Ask for a draft, or for a change to the last one\",\"agentError\":\"The assistant could not respond. Please try again.\",\"agentSaveTo\":\"Save to\",\"agentSaved\":\"Saved\",\"agentSaveFailed\":\"Could not save this draft.\",\"agentSaveFailedPosted\":\"This slot already holds a posted draft and cannot be overwritten.\",\"agentSaveAsRecap\":\"Save as recap\",\"agentSessionPlaceholder\":\"Select session\",\"agentSessionOption\":\"Session {n}\",\"recap\":{\"heading\":\"Session recaps\",\"noSessions\":\"No sessions have taken place yet.\",\"sessionLabel\":\"Session {n}\",\"notWritten\":\"Not written\"},\"status\":{\"draft\":\"Draft\",\"edited\":\"Edited\",\"posted\":\"Posted\",\"partial\":\"Partially posted\"},\"actions\":{\"edit\":\"Edit\",\"save\":\"Save\",\"cancel\":\"Cancel\",\"regenerate\":\"Regenerate\",\"delete\":\"Delete\",\"post\":\"Post now\",\"regenerating\":\"Regenerating…\",\"posting\":\"Posting…\",\"saving\":\"Saving…\",\"deleting\":\"Deleting…\",\"deleteConfirm\":\"Delete this draft? 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20<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003e私たちは、なぜ日常生活の中でさまざまな「演技」をするのでしょうか?\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e何度も聞いた上司のつまらない昔話に、新鮮な反応をして見せること。喫茶店で隣に座ったカップルの痴話喧嘩が丸聞こえでも、素知らぬ顔をすること。徹夜で作った資料を、あたかも片手間で簡単に作ったかのように差し出すこと。人の気配がある給湯室に入る前に、わざと咳払いをして自分の接近を示すこと⋯⋯。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e私たちは日々のなかで、何度もこうした小さな「演技」を積み重ねています。そしてそれらは、「自分をよく見せたい」という利己心から行うこともあれば、場に気まずさを生じさせないためや、目の前にいる相手を傷つけないために行うこともあります。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e人びとのありふれた日常のやり取りの場面を「劇場」に見立てて分析した社会学者に、アーヴィング・ゴフマンがいます。ゴフマンは、人びとが職場・家庭・レストラン・学校・病院といったさまざまな日常の舞台上で行うふるまいを、すべて「演技」として観察します。ある人のパフォーマンスを見ている人は「観客」であり、共にパフォーマンスに参与する人は「共演者」であり、その空間にある様々なモノはみな「舞台装置」です。私たちの日常生活の様々な場面は、舞台のなかで私たちが行うたくさんの演技(パフォーマンス)によって成り立っているというのです。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eゴフマンのこうした視点は「ドラマトゥルギー」などと呼ばれますが、そこから私たちの生活をみるならば、職場での上司との会話も、学校で授業を受けている場面も、アルバイト先のレストランでウェイターをしている場面も、エレベーターで乗り合わせた他人と「階数表示」を見上げている場面も、パフォーマンスが行われている「舞台」となります。たとえば先生に気に入られたい生徒は、「まじめに」授業に取り組む必要があります。それは、一生懸命ノートを取ったり、積極的に手を挙げて質問したりと、「まじめに見えるように」ふるまうことを意味します。先生という「観客」の目にそう映るように、自分の与える「印象」を管理するわけです。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eところで、このように「他者が自分に対して抱く印象を、自分にとって好ましいように方向づけようとする行為」のことを、日本語で「印象操作」と呼ぶことがあります。広辞苑にも載っているある程度一般的な語彙といえますが、この言葉が他ならぬ社会学者ゴフマンによって造られた用語であることは、あまり知られていません。ゴフマンが主著『日常生活における自己呈示』(旧訳題『行為と演技』)において提示した「impression management(印象操作/印象管理)」という概念は、社会学やその隣接分野に広く受け入れられ、日本でも「印象操作」という訳語が幅広く普及しました。少なくとも日常会話だと、誠意を欠いた他者のふるまいを非難するような文脈で耳にすることの多い言葉ですが、ゴフマンの元々の議論によるならば、人びとはみな例外なく、自分の印象の管理人なのです。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e本講座では、ゴフマンのユニークな観察眼を借りることで、私たちが普段当たり前に行っている些細なやり取りの一つひとつが、いかに絶え間ない「演技」によって支えられているのかを見つめ直していきます。本書は、これまで社会学の本を読んだことのない方や古典の読解に自信のない方にもおすすめしたい一冊です。この本を読み終える頃には、職場のやりとりも、家族との会話も、街ですれ違う見知らぬ人の一瞬の表情さえも、これまでとは少し違って見えてくるでしょう。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eテキストは、アーヴィング・ゴフマン『日常生活における自己呈示』(中河伸俊・小島奈名子訳、ちくま学芸文庫)をご用意ください。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eご参加をお待ちしています!\u003c/p\u003e\n\n"])</script>
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20<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e〈100年前の予言書〉\u003c/strong\u003e――スペインの哲学者オルテガ・イ・ガセットの主著『大衆の反逆』に、あえてキャッチフレーズをつけるとするならば、このような言葉がふさわしいでしょう。1930年に出版されたこの本は、ファシズムや全体主義がヨーロッパを覆いつつあったおよそ1世紀前に書かれたものですが、そこに生々しく描き出されている「大衆」のイメージは、驚くほど私たち21世紀の現代人に似た姿をしています。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSNSを開いてみれば、一方では、自分と意見の異なる者を徹底的に糾弾する「炎上」が日常化し、他方では、インフルエンサーや”識者”の言葉を無批判に鵜呑みにしてしまう「信者」たちで溢れています。政治の世界を見渡しても、扇情的な言葉やパフォーマンスで人々の分断を煽る極右ポピュリズムが世界規模で台頭しており、理性的な対話を行うための言論空間はもはや失われつつあるように見えます。誰もが自由に発言でき、権利を謳歌できる豊かな社会になった一方で、私たちは自分と異なる意見に耳を塞ぎ、自らの言い分ばかりを主張する《甘やかされた子供》になってはいないでしょうか?――この本が痛烈な筆致で突きつけるのは、こうした自己批判の契機でもあります。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eオルテガの言う「大衆」とは、特定の階級や労働者集団を指すものではありません。問題とされるのは精神の姿勢です。すなわち、「みんなと同じ」であることに悩むどころか安心し、自分が凡庸であることを知りながら、しかし凡庸であることの権利を主張し、それをあらゆるところで押し通そうとする精神性の持ち主こそが、「大衆」なのです。そしてこうした人々が、いまや世界中を支配しつつある⋯⋯というのが、20世紀のヨーロッパの行く末を危惧するオルテガの時代診断なのでした。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e本講座では、この100年前の文明批判を、一種の〈予言書〉として、現代社会の状況に照らし合わせながら読み解いていきます。本書は\u003c/span\u003eもともと新聞の連載記事(エッセイ)として書かれたものであるため、一般読者に向けた比較的平易で読みやすい文体で書かれています。だからといって”簡単”というわけでもないのですが、オルテガは難解な専門用語をほとんど使いませんし、時代背景や問題意識も見えやすい本なので、「古典」と呼ばれる本に取っ付きにくさを感じている方でも比較的読み進めやすい本だと思います。したがって、本講座に参加するにあたって\u003cspan\u003e哲学や社会学の専門知識は不要です。本書を通じて、現代社会に生きる私たちがもつ”大衆性”を見つめ直すとともに、これからの社会が向かうべき先を考えるためのヒントを一緒に探しましょう。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eテキストとしては、『大衆の反逆』(佐々木孝訳、岩波文庫)をご用意ください。本書には翻訳が多数存在しますが、今回の講座では、最も新しい邦訳である岩波版を参照します。既に別の出版社の邦訳書をお持ちの方はそれを参照していただいても構いませんが、講座内で取り上げる訳文・訳語やページ数とズレが生じることはご了承ください。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"])</script>
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20<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eこの講義は、2025å¹´3月に実施された同名のライブ講義をオンデマンド化したものです。\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e本講義では、20世紀を代表するドイツの精神病理学者であり、哲学者カール・ヤスパース(1883-1969)の著書『哲学入門』を読んでいきます。この著書は、ヤスパースが1949年秋にスイスのバーゼル放送局で行った全12回のラジオ講演をもとに、翌1950年に刊行されたものです。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eこの『哲学入門』を手に取り、読んだ方はこんなことを思ったかもしれません。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e「『哲学入門』と書いてあるから、哲学の入門書だと思って読んでみたら、「ヤスパース哲学」の入門書やないかい!」\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e私もその一人でした(笑)。大学1年生の頃に、英語で哲学書を講読するゼミの中で、この『哲学入門』を読んだのですが、同じことを思いました。その時はなんだか騙された気分になったものです。たしかに本書は、ヤスパースの考える哲学、いわゆる「実存哲学」をベースに論が展開されるものですので、い��ゆる一般的な哲学の入門書・概説書には当たらないかもしれません。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eですが、皆さまも一度は「自分にとって人生って何なんだろう?」、「自分っていったい何者なんだろう?」という疑問を抱いたりすることはないでしょうか?このように、自分自身や自分の人生を問いに附し、その答えを求めて思索を行うことは、誰にでもあることではないかと思います。そういった方に、この『哲学入門』はオススメです。なぜなら、本書の中でヤスパースの説く哲学、いわゆる実存哲学とは、今ここに生きている「この私」自身が、自分の人生を見つめ直しながら、自分自身の思索を深めていく営みを意味するのですが、その手引きを行おうとする著作が、この『哲学入門』だからです。ですので、改めて申し上げますと、哲学あるいは哲学史の概説を行うには不向きな本なのかもしれません。ですが、それでも「\u003cstrong\u003e自分にとって人生って何なんだろう?」、「自分っていったい何者なんだろう?」などの問いを抱いている方にとって、その答えのヒントを指し示してくれるものが、この『哲学入門』です\u003c/strong\u003e。ぜひ本講義に参加していただけたらと思います。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eまたさきほど、この『哲学入門』は「ヤスパース哲学」の入門書であるとも述べました。それもそのはず、ヤスパースの哲学は難解なものが多いですが、そのエッセンスが簡潔にまとめられたものが本書『哲学入門』です。また皆さまにとって身近で手に取りやすいヤスパースの著書といえば、この『哲学入門』ということでもあります。そのため、『哲学入門』はヤスパース哲学を学ぶための導入としてふさわしい著書と言えることから、本講義で扱うこととなりました。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eですが、この『哲学入門』を読み進める中で、こんなことを思ったりする方もきっといらっしゃるかと思います。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e「第一講・第二講の内容もわかったぞ!でも、その次の第三講の「包括者」がよく分からない...」\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e同じく私もその一人でした(笑)。大学1年生のころ、さきほどのゼミにて、「邦訳でいいので、何講か自分で選んで読んで、内容を簡潔にまとめよ」という夏休みã
20®ãƒ¬ãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆèª²é¡ŒãŒå‡ºã•れた際に、再び『哲学入門』を手に取って読んでいたのですが、第三講のところはいくら読んでもてんでよくわかりませんでした。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eなぜそうなるのかと言えば、この『哲学入門』は、位置づけとしては後期ヤスパース哲学の著作にあたるものだからです。まず、前期ヤスパース哲学についていえば、その主著である『哲学』の内容をもとに、特に「実存」についての内容を強調するのですが、それに対して、後期ヤスパース哲学は、前期ヤスパース哲学の内容を受け継ぎつつ、実存よりも、他者との交わりへと衝迫する「理性」についての内容を強調する記述が増えていきます。つまり、前期ヤスパース哲学の内容がある程度わからないと、後期ヤスパース哲学の著書に位置付けられる『哲学入門』もわからないということを意味します。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eそのようなことではございますが、\u003cstrong\u003e本講義では、前期ヤスパース哲学の内容も振り返りつつ、しっかりと『哲学入門』の解説を行っていきます。この『哲学入門』が初見の方でもわかりやすい解説を心がけて講義を行っていきます\u003c/strong\u003eので、安心して本講義に参加していただければと思います。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e以上となりますが、このようにヤスパースの『哲学入門』を読んで、挫折してきた方が数多くいらっしゃるのではないかと思います。哲学書に挫折はつきものです。ですが、その挫折こそ再び「哲学すること」のきっかけとなります。途中で挫折した方も、初見の方も楽しめるような講義を行っていきたいと思います。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e使用するテキストについて\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e本講義では、主に\u003cstrong\u003e草薙正夫訳『哲学入門』(新潮文庫)\u003c/strong\u003eを用いる予定ですが、\u003cstrong\u003e林田新二訳『新版 哲学入門』(リベルタス学術叢書9)\u003c/strong\u003eを読んでいただいても構いません。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e草薙訳は、実存主義哲学がまだ隆盛を誇っていた時代に翻訳されていたため、実存的なニュアンスがありありと残る訳になっておりますが、少し文語的な訳なのでその点読みづらいという欠点があります。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e対して林田訳の方は、口語的に翻訳されている点では読みやすいものの、ヤスパース研究者である林田先生が訳にこだわって翻訳したということもあり、研究者目線では正確に訳されているものの、その分一般の方々にとってはかえってわかりづらい部分があったりするという欠点があります。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e本講義は、適宜両翻訳を用いていきますので、両翻訳の訳出の違いなども含めて、本講義を楽しんでいただけたらと思います。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"])</script>
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20<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"32:[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"flex flex-col gap-0 items-stretch\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"p\",\"question\",{\"className\":\"font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-rust\",\"id\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":\"Questions become your entry point for thinking\"}]]}]\n33:[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"font-sans text-base leading-relaxed text-ui-secondary\",\"id\":\"$undefined\",\"title\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":\"Let the questions from the lecturer spark your own thoughts and ideas — and nurture them. Posting to the discussion board is optional. You can simply read, or write and post — the depth and style of participation is entirely up to you. Encountering what other readers think is part of the learning too. *Discussion board: live lectures only\"}]\n45:Te02,\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eこの講義は、2025年10月に実施された同名のライブ講義をオンデマンド化したものです。\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e人を幸福にするか、不幸にするか。みなさんはどちらの方が正しいと思いますか。おそらく多くの人が(瞬間的に?)「幸福にする方が正しいに決まっている!」と思われたのではないでしょうか。この一見すると当たり前のセオリーを唱えたのが、18世紀イギリスの哲学者・法学者であるジェレミー・ベンサム(1748-1832年)でした。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e端的に言えば、ベンサムは正しい行為や政策とは、「最大多数の最大幸福」を促進するものであると考えます。このベンサムの立場は「功利主義」と呼ばれています。今回講義で扱うのは、このベンサムが功利主義を提唱した『道徳および立法の諸原理序説』(1789年)です。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eこの功利主義の基本的な発想には異論がないかもしれませんが、「そもそもどうやって人の幸福を計算できんねん!?」という突っ込みがありうるでしょう。例えば、あなたに飴ちゃんをあげるのと、チョコレートをあげるのとでは、どちらの方があなたの幸福をより増幅させるのでしょうか。そう、ベンサムはこのように人の幸福を計る方法までも真面目に考えだそうとしたのです。この功利主義の発想は、現在ではとりわけ社会制度設計などの理想とされています。そりゃそうですよね、私の人生設計ならだしも、社会制度の設計ですから、最大多数の最大幸福に資するものではないと正当化されないと考えられるわけです。本講義では、『道徳および立法の諸原理序説』のうち、最初のいくつかの章を読んでいくことで、功利主義の基本的な発想に触れていただきます。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eベンサムの業績としては、当時禁止されていた「同性愛」を擁護したことが知られています。また、後にミシェル・フーコーによって有名になった「パノプティコン」を提唱した人物でもあります。実はこれらのアイデアも、ベンサムの功利主義に由来します。(なお、ベンサムの身体は現在、ミイラとして大学に展示されていますが、これも功利主義の発想に由来するとされています。)本講義ではこういったベンサムの功利主義の実例と共に、具体的な例をあげて考えていきましょう。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eさて、同じ時代にドイツで活躍したイマヌエル・カントの倫理学とは異なり、ベンサムの功利主義は現在に至るまで多くのフォロワーを輩出しました。有名どころであれば、ジョン・スチュアート・ミル(1806-1873年)やピーター・シンガー(1946年-)でしょうか(彼らの著作は私がThe Five Booksで担当したことがあります。ミルの著作は今後も担当する予定です)。彼らによって功利主義は大幅に改良され、現代でも主要な倫理学理論の地位を得ています。本講義で"])</script>
20<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"はこれらのベンサム以降の功利主義の発展も視野に収めながら進めていきます。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e※中山元訳『道徳および立法の諸原理序説 上』(ちくま学芸文庫、2022年8月)をご用意ください。\u003c/p\u003e3a:[\"$\",\"$L37\",\"e99f89af-64d1-4f46-8eae-671bec44de20\",{\"lecture\":{\"id\":\"e99f89af-64d1-4f46-8eae-671bec44de20\",\"lectureName\":\"道徳および立法の諸原理序説 上\",\"sessionCount\":5,\"thumbnailUrl\":null,\"startAt\":\"$D2025-12-30T00:00:00.000Z\",\"endAt\":null,\"overview\":\"$45\",\"livePrice\":5500,\"onDemandPrice\":5500,\"isOnDemandEnabled\":true,\"wasLive\":false,\"isStudentFreeOnDemand\":false,\"livePayoutSettledExternally\":true,\"status\":\"ongoing\",\"lectureTimeLabel\":null,\"lecturer\":{\"name\":\"髙木裕貴\",\"avatarUrl\":null,\"affiliatedOrg\":\"信州大学研究員(日本学術振興会特別研究員-PD)\"},\"books\":[{\"title\":\"道徳および立法の諸原理序説 上\",\"coverImageUrl\":\"https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/61UDyAF-L8L._SL1200_.jpg\",\"author\":\"ジェレミー・ベンサム/中山 元\"}],\"genres\":[]}}]\n46:T1716,"])</script>
20<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eこの講義は、2022å¹´10月および2023å¹´3月に実施された同名のライブ講義をオンデマンド化したものです。\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eこの講義では、オンデマンド形式で週間かけてみなさんとアメリカの哲学者スタンリー・カヴェルの代表的著作の一つ、『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』(原書:1981年)を読んでいきます。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e角講義では、毎回50ページほどのペースで本を読み進めつつ、毎回1本の映画を同時に扱います。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e主にハリウッド映画について論じたカヴェルのテクストは、映画を理論的に分析した学術的なものというよりは、アメリカ人としての彼の個人的な経験や記憶と強く結びついた、哲学的エッセイの要素を強く持っています。それゆえ、ややとっつきにくい印象を持たれがちである一方で、どちらかといえば研究よりは映画批評に通じるような、非常に独創的な記述に溢れており、読めば不思議と元気が湧いてくるような内容となっています。本講義では、飛躍や脱線を数多く含むようにも見える彼の文を素直に読んでいくなかで、みなさんがカヴェルの思想や文体の魅力を見出すきっかけを少しでも提供できればと考えています。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eそんなカヴェルが映画を論じた何冊かの著作は、欧米ではジル・ドゥルーズらと並ぶきわめて大きな影響力を有する哲学者の映画論として、現在まで盛んに論じられてきました。また、彼の議論は映画研究の文脈を超えて、美術批評家のマイケル・フリードや、テレンス・マリックやアルノー・デプレシャン、ダルデンヌ兄弟といった現役の映画監督たちの活動をおおいに触発してきたことでも知られています。しかし、映画というメディウムの特徴や「映画の存在論」を論じた哲学書である『眼に映る世界』(1971)を除いて、具体的な映画作品を論じた書籍がこれまで翻訳されてこなかったことから、日本ではこれまでカヴェルの議論に十分な注目が集まってきたとは言えない状況にあります。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eカヴェルにとってはじめての映画作品を中心的に論じた著作である本書『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』は、『レディ・イヴ』(1941)、『或る夜の出来事』(1934)、『赤ちゃん教育』(1938)、『フィラデルフィア物語』(1940)、『ヒズ・ガール・フライデー』(1940)、『アダム氏とマダム』(1949)、『新婚道中記』(1937)を「映画芸術の歴史における一つの到達点」として評価し、その意義を考察した一冊です。この本でカヴェルは、通常「スクリューボール・コメディ」として知られるこれらの作品を「再婚喜劇」という独自のジャンルカテゴリーを設けて提示しています。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eカヴェルは、一度仲違いしたカップルが再び結ばれる、かつて「元サヤ」と呼ばれた展開を共有するこれらの再婚喜劇映画に、ラルフ・ウォルド・エマソンやルートヴィヒ・ウィトゲンシュタインの思想との類縁性、さらには映画作品に対峙する観客のあり方とも重なるものを見出していきます。こうした彼の特異な文体の魅力をみなさんと共有しながら、具体的な作品解釈や彼の議論への意見を交換し、考えを深めていければと思います。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e本書刊行に続き、内容的に対をなす『涙の果て——知られざる女性のハリウッド・メロドラマ』(中川雄一訳、春秋社)の日本語訳も出版され、今後カヴェルの映画論をめぐる日本語圏の議論は、間違いなく盛り上がっていくと思われます。今回は、同作との関連についても要所で言及しつつ、今なお新鮮な『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』後半部の内容をなるべく噛み砕いてお伝ã
20ˆã§ãã‚‹ã‚ˆã†ã«åŠªã‚ãŸã„ã¨è€ƒãˆã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e本講義は、本書やカヴェルの議論、あるいはロマンティック・コメディ映画や映画論全般に関心を���つ方に加えて、哲学や現代思想に興味がある方、パートナーとの関係がうまくいっていない方などに受講をおすすめします。ふだん映画は観るが映画批評はそれほど読まない方、逆に哲学書は読むものの映画はあまり観ないといった方も歓迎します。著作および講義内容や登場する映画、人物に関する質問は、些細なものでも随時Slackにて受け付けます。積極的なご参加をお待ちしております。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e使用テクスト:『幸福の追求 ハリウッドの再婚喜劇』(石原陽一郎訳、法政大学出版局、2022年)を使用します。第2回以降には各回1本の映画(『フィラデルフィア物語』、『ヒズ・ガール・フライデー』、『アダム氏とマダム』、『新婚道中記』)を扱いますが、それらの作品については、現在DVD版だけでなく配信でも閲覧可能となっておりますので、適宜ご参照ください。(参照 https://www.h-up.com/books/isbn978-4-588-01144-3.html\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eまた、必ずしも読了の必要はありませんが、日本語で読めるカヴェルを論じた入門的なテクストを中心とする関連文献や、今回扱う映画についてカヴェルが執筆した本書とは異なる短めのエッセイについても、随時講義内でご紹介します。\u003c/p\u003e"])</script>
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