PageSourceSearch

https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/

html geosyntheticsmagazine.com collected 2026-09-25 04:56:43 UTC 180,029 bytes, 2,300 lines download raw bytes

1
2<!doctype html>
3<!-- Theme start: ifai/base -->
4<html class="no-js" lang="en-US">
5  <!-- Theme head: ifai/templates/head -->
6<head>
7    <meta charset="utf-8">
8    <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
9    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
10    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/favicon.ico" />
11    <!-- Typekit -->
12    
12<script src="https://use.typekit.net/vii3kih.js"></script>
12
13    
13<script>try{Typekit.load({ async: true });}catch(e){}</script>
13
14    
14<script>
15        dataLayer = [];
16    </script>
16
17
18            
19        
20        
21        
22        
23        
24        
25        
26        
27        
28            
29        
30    
31    <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin /><meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />
32
33	<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https://yoast.com/product/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress/ -->
34	<title>All Articles - Geosynthetics Magazine</title>
35	<link rel="canonical" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/" />
36	<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
37	<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
38	<meta property="og:title" content="All Articles" />
39	<meta property="og:url" content="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/" />
40	<meta property="og:site_name" content="Geosynthetics Magazine" />
41	<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2021-05-12T19:41:14+00:00" />
42	<meta property="og:image" content="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2024/04/GeoMag.jpg" />
43	<meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" />
44	<meta property="og:image:height" content="675" />
45	<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" />
46	<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
47	
47<script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/all-articles\/","url":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/all-articles\/","name":"All Articles - Geosynthetics Magazine","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-05-12T19:41:12+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-12T19:41:14+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/all-articles\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/all-articles\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/all-articles\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"All Articles"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/","name":"Geosynthetics Magazine","description":"A publication of ATA","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/#organization","name":"Geosynthetics Magazine","url":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/26\/2022\/08\/GeoLogo_web_RGB_72.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/26\/2022\/08\/GeoLogo_web_RGB_72.png","width":714,"height":100,"caption":"Geosynthetics Magazine"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/geosyntheticsmagazine.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}</script>
47
48	<!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->
49
50
51<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' />
52<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.jsdelivr.net' />
53<link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgeosyntheticsmagazine.com%2Fall-articles%2F" />
54<link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgeosyntheticsmagazine.com%2Fall-articles%2F&#038;format=xml" />
55<style id="wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css">
56img:is([sizes=auto i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px}
57/*# sourceURL=wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css */
58</style>
59<style id="wp-emoji-styles-inline-css">
60
61	img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
62		display: inline !important;
63		border: none !important;
64		box-shadow: none !important;
65		height: 1em !important;
66		width: 1em !important;
67		margin: 0 0.07em !important;
68		vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
69		background: none !important;
70		padding: 0 !important;
71	}
72/*# sourceURL=wp-emoji-styles-inline-css */
73</style>
74<style id="wp-block-library-inline-css">
75:root{--wp-block-synced-color:#7a00df;--wp-block-synced-color--rgb:122,0,223;--wp-bound-block-color:var(--wp-block-synced-color);--wp-editor-canvas-background:#ddd;--wp-admin-theme-color:#007cba;--wp-admin-theme-color--rgb:0,124,186;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10:#006ba1;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10--rgb:0,107,160.5;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20:#005a87;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20--rgb:0,90,135;--wp-admin-border-width-focus:2px}@media (min-resolution:192dpi){:root{--wp-admin-border-width-focus:1.5px}}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3)}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe)}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec)}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671)}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59)}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf)}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc)}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;
75--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal)}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge)}:root .has-text-align-center{text-align:center}:root .has-text-align-left{text-align:left}:root .has-text-align-right{text-align:right}.has-fit-text{white-space:nowrap!important}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.aligncenter{clear:both}.items-justified-left{justify-content:flex-start}.items-justified-center{justify-content:center}.items-justified-right{justify-content:flex-end}.items-justified-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.screen-reader-text{word-wrap:normal!important;border:0;clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-color]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}
76
77/*# sourceURL=/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/common.min.css */
78</style>
79<style id="wp-block-heading-inline-css">
80h1:where(.wp-block-heading).has-background,h2:where(.wp-block-heading).has-background,h3:where(.wp-block-heading).has-background,h4:where(.wp-block-heading).has-background,h5:where(.wp-block-heading).has-background,h6:where(.wp-block-heading).has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}h1.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h1.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h2.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h2.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h3.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h3.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h4.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h4.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h5.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h5.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]),h6.has-text-align-left[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-lr]),h6.has-text-align-right[style*=writing-mode]:where([style*=vertical-rl]){rotate:180deg}
81/*# sourceURL=https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-includes/blocks/heading/style.min.css */
82</style>
83<style id="wp-block-paragraph-inline-css">
84.is-small-text{font-size:.875em}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;line-height:.68;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase}body.rtl .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:none;margin-left:.1em}p.has-drop-cap.has-background{overflow:hidden}:root :where(p.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}p.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode:vertical-lr"],p.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode:vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg}
85/*# sourceURL=https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-includes/blocks/paragraph/style.min.css */
86</style>
87
88<style id="classic-theme-styles-inline-css">
89/*! This file is auto-generated */
90.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;
90padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
91/*# sourceURL=/wp-includes/css/classic-themes.min.css */
92</style>
93
94<link rel='stylesheet' id='fontawesome-free-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/vendors/fontawesome-free/css/all.min.css?ver=5.5.0' media='all' />
95<link rel='stylesheet' id='slick-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/vendors/slick/slick/slick.min.css?ver=1.9.0' media='all' />
96<link rel='stylesheet' id='slick-theme-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/vendors/slick/slick/slick-theme.min.css?ver=1.9.0' media='all' />
97<link rel='stylesheet' id='mp-fancybox-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/vendors/mp-fancybox/jquery.fancybox.min.css?ver=3.5.7-mp.1' media='all' />
98<link rel='stylesheet' id='getwid-blocks-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/assets/css/blocks.style.css?ver=2.2.0' media='all' />
99<style id="global-styles-inline-css">
100:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(6,147,227) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(252,185,0) 0%,rgb(255,105,0) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,105,0) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);
100--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgb(255, 255, 255), 6px 6px rgb(0, 0, 0);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);}:where(body) { margin: 0; }:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;font-style: inherit;font-weight: inherit;letter-spacing: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding-top: calc(0.667em + 2px);padding-right: calc(1.333em + 2px);padding-bottom: calc(0.667em + 2px);padding-left: calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;text-transform: inherit;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}
100.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}
101/*# sourceURL=global-styles-inline-css */
102</style>
103
104<link rel='stylesheet' id='page-list-style-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/page-list/css/page-list.css?ver=5.9' media='all' />
105<style id="divi-builder-style-inline-inline-css">
106#wp-admin-bar-et-use-visual-builder a:before{font-family:ETmodules!important;content:"\e625";font-size:30px!important;width:28px;margin-top:-3px;color:#974df3!important}#wp-admin-bar-et-use-visual-builder:hover a:before{color:#fff!important}#wp-admin-bar-et-use-visual-builder:hover a,#wp-admin-bar-et-use-visual-builder a:hover{transition:background-color .5s ease;-webkit-transition:background-color .5s ease;-moz-transition:background-color .5s ease;background-color:#7e3bd0!important;color:#fff!important}* html .clearfix,:first-child+html .clearfix{zoom:1}.iphone .et_pb_section_video_bg video::-webkit-media-controls-start-playback-button{display:none!important;-webkit-appearance:none}.et_mobile_device .et_pb_section_parallax .et_pb_parallax_css{background-attachment:scroll}.et-social-facebook a.icon:before{content:"\e093"}.et-social-twitter a.icon:before{content:"\e094"}.et-social-google-plus a.icon:before{content:"\e096"}.et-social-instagram a.icon:before{content:"\e09a"}.et-social-rss a.icon:before{content:"\e09e"}.ai1ec-single-event:after{content:" ";display:table;clear:both}.evcal_event_details .evcal_evdata_cell .eventon_details_shading_bot.eventon_details_shading_bot{z-index:3}.wp-block-divi-layout{margin-bottom:1em}#et-boc .et-l{text-shadow:none}#et-boc .et-l .hentry,#et-boc .et-l a,#et-boc .et-l a:active,#et-boc .et-l blockquote,#et-boc .et-l div,#et-boc .et-l em,#et-boc .et-l form,#et-boc .et-l h1,#et-boc .et-l h2,#et-boc .et-l h3,#et-boc .et-l h4,#et-boc .et-l h5,#et-boc .et-l h6,#et-boc .et-l hr,#et-boc .et-l iframe,#et-boc .et-l img,#et-boc .et-l input,#et-boc .et-l label,#et-boc .et-l li,#et-boc .et-l object,#et-boc .et-l ol,#et-boc .et-l p,#et-boc .et-l span,#et-boc .et-l strong,#et-boc .et-l textarea,#et-boc .et-l ul,#et-boc .et-l video{text-align:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;border:none;outline:0;vertical-align:baseline;background:transparent;letter-spacing:normal;color:inherit;box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;text-shadow:inherit;border-radius:0;-moz-border-radius:0;-webkit-border-radius:0;transition:none}#et-boc .et-l h1,#et-boc .et-l h2,#et-boc .et-l h3,#et-boc .et-l h4,#et-boc .et-l h5,#et-boc .et-l h6{line-height:1em;padding-bottom:10px;font-weight:500;text-transform:none;font-style:normal}#et-boc .et-l ol,#et-boc .et-l ul{list-style:none;text-align:inherit}#et-boc .et-l ol li,#et-boc .et-l ul li{padding-left:0;background:none;margin-left:0}#et-boc .et-l blockquote{quotes:none}#et-boc .et-l blockquote:after,#et-boc .et-l blockquote:before{content:"";content:none}#et-boc .et-l :focus{outline:0}#et-boc .et-l article,#et-boc .et-l aside,#et-boc .et-l footer,#et-boc .et-l header,#et-boc .et-l hgroup,#et-boc .et-l nav,#et-boc .et-l section{dis
106play:block}#et-boc .et-l input[type=email],#et-boc .et-l input[type=number],#et-boc .et-l input[type=password],#et-boc .et-l input[type=text]{height:49px}#et-boc .et-l a{text-decoration:none!important}#et-boc .et-l p{padding-bottom:1em;color:inherit!important}#et-boc .et-l p:last-of-type{padding-bottom:0}#et-boc .et-l img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#et-boc .et-l embed,#et-boc .et-l iframe,#et-boc .et-l object,#et-boc .et-l video{max-width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .enigma_sidebar_widget #searchform .input-group-btn,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .large-2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .small-2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search>form>.input-group>span.input-group-btn{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:5;width:80px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module a{color:#2ea3f2}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .sticky h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h2 a{color:inherit!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input{margin:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .post-meta{position:relative}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark a{color:#fff}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-pb-slider-arrows a:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_video_play:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.et_pb_member_social_links a:before{color:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.et_pb_social_media_follow .et_pb_social_icon a.icon{top:auto;position:relative}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .clearfix{clear:none;display:inline;display:initial}.et-db #et-boc .et-l address.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l article.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l aside.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l blockquote.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l canvas.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l dd.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l div.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l dl.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l fieldset.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l figcaption.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l figure.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l footer.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l form.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l h1.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l h2.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l h3.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l h4.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l h5.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l h6.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l header.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l hgroup.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l hr.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l main.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l nav.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l noscript.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l ol.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l output.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l p.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l pre.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l section.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l table.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l tfoot.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.clearfix,.et-db #et-boc .et-l video.clearfix{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_main_video_container *,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_video *,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_video_box *{height:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_main_video_container iframe,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_video iframe,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_video_box iframe{height:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module ul{overflow:visible}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module ul,ol .et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module,ul .et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module{background:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h3{display:block!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module img{max-width:100%;margin:0;border:none;padding:0;background:none;border-radius:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module img:hover{opacity:1;box-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module a:not(.wc-forward),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h1 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h2 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h3 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h4 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h5 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h6 a{line-height:1em;padding-bottom:10px;font-weight:500;text-transform:none;font-style:normal}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .entry-featured-image-url{padding-bottom:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module blockquote{margin:20px 0 30px;padding-left:20px;border-left:5px solid;border-color:#2ea3f2;font-style:normal}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input[type=radio]{margin-right:7px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input.text:not(.qty),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input.title,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input[type=email],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input[type=password],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input[type=tel],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input[type=text],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input select,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module input textarea{border:1px solid #bbb;color:#4e4e4e;padding:5px 10px;height:auto;width:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module #email{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-pb-slider-arrows a{color:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_post .post-meta a{color:inherit!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_counter_amount_number{letter-spacing:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb img{width:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .comment-content *,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb_container,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb_container *,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb_content,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_button_text,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_description *,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_promo_description,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_promo_description *{letter-spacing:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_image img{width:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_image a{line-height:0;padding-bottom:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_description{letter-spacing:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_form p input{background-color:#fff!important;width:100%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_text *{letter-spacing:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-db .et_pb_section{background-color:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section *{-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .pagination{width:100%;clear:both}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .pagination:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .pagination:before{visibility:hidden}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .pagination a{width:auto;border:none;background:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .wp-pagenavi{text-align:right;border-top:1px solid #e2e2e2;padding-top:13px;clear:both;margin-bottom:30px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .wp-pagenavi a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .wp-pagenavi span{color:#666;margin:0 5px;text-decoration:none;font-size:14px!important;font-weight:400!important;border:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .wp-pagenavi .nextpostslink,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .wp-pagenavi .previouspostslink{color:#999!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .wp-pagenavi a:hover,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .wp-pagenavi span.current{color:#82c0c7!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .nav-previous{float:left}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .nav-next{float:right}
106.et-db #et-boc .et-l article .et_pb_text_color_light,.et-db #et-boc .et-l article .et_pb_text_color_light a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l article .et_pb_text_color_light a:hover,.et-db #et-boc .et-l article .et_pb_text_color_light a:visited,.et-db #et-boc .et-l article .et_pb_text_color_light blockquote{color:#fff}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts .et_pb_post{padding:0;border-top:none;border-left:0;border-right:0;border-bottom:none;background:transparent;width:100%;margin-top:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts .et_pb_post .entry-title a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts .et_pb_post .post-content,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts .et_pb_post .post-content *,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts .et_pb_post .post-meta a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts .et_pb_post .post-meta span{letter-spacing:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blog_grid blockquote:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts blockquote:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blog_grid a.more-link,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts a.more-link{position:relative;color:inherit!important;font-size:inherit;background-color:transparent!important;float:none!important;padding:0!important;text-transform:none;line-height:normal;display:block;font-family:inherit;bottom:auto;right:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blog_grid .column{width:100%;margin:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blog_grid .et_pb_post{padding:19px!important;background-image:none!important;float:none;width:100%;margin-top:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blog_grid .et_pb_image_container{max-width:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blog_grid_wrapper .et_pb_blog_grid article{border-bottom:1px solid #ddd!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_grid_item.entry{padding:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.et_pb_module{margin:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module li{list-style:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module a:hover{text-decoration:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h6{margin:0;text-align:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .column{padding:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module p{margin:0;text-align:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module a:focus{outline:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module img{display:inline}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module span.percent-value{font-size:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .hentry{box-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb_content ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb_content ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_code ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_code ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_header .header-content ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_header .header-content ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_description_content ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_description_content ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_promo_description ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_promo_description ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_content ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_content ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_tab ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_tab ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_team_member_description ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_team_member_description ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_testimonial_description_inner ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_testimonial_description_inner ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_text ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_text ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_toggle_content ol,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_toggle_content ul{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-left:25px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb_content ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_code ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_header .header-content ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_description_content ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_promo_description ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_content ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_tab ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_team_member_description ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_testimonial_description_inner ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_text ul li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_toggle_content ul li{list-style:disc}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb_content ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_code ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_header .header-content ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_description_content ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_promo_description ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_content ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_tab ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_team_member_description ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_testimonial_description_inner ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_text ol li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_toggle_content ol li{list-style:decimal}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section{margin-bottom:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .widget .widget-title,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .widget a{color:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l span.et_portfolio_image{position:relative;display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l span.et_portfolio_image img{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-time.mejs-currenttime-container.custom{line-height:18px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l hr.et_pb_module{background-color:transparent;background-image:none;margin:0;padding:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-pb-slider-arrows a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_blurb_container h4 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .post-meta a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module h2 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module li a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_portfolio_item a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_testimonial_meta a{border-bottom:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_portfolio_filter a{letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_portfolio img{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_filterable_portfolio.et_pb_filterable_portfolio_grid .hentry,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_portfolio .hentry,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_portfolio_grid .hentry{padding:0;border:none;clear:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_filterable_portfolio .hentry:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_portfolio .hentry:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_portfolio .hentry:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_portfolio_grid .hentry:after{background:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_filterable_portfolio_grid .et_pb_portfolio_item h2{font-size:26px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_filterable_portfolio .et_pb_portfolio_filter a{max-width:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_filterable_portfolio .et_pb_portfolio_filter li{color:#666}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_filterable_portfolio .et_pb_portfolio_filter li a{color:inherit!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_filterable_portfolio .et_pb_portfolio_filter li a:hover{color:#666!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_filterable_portfolio h2 a{letter-spacing:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_portfolio_filters li a.active{color:#82c0c7!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .hentry.has-post-thumbnail:first-child{margin-top:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_portfolio_items .hentry,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .format-quote.hentry{padding:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-bg-layout-dark{text-shadow:none;color:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_image img{margin:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_description h2{line-height:1em;padding-bottom:10px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slider .mejs-offscreen{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slide_content *{letter-spacing:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_countdown_timer .section{width:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area{max-width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area #searchform,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area #searchform #s,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area *,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area input.search-field{max-width:100%;word-wrap:break-word;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget{border:none;background:transparent;padding:0;box-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget:after{background:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget-title{border-bottom:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area>.widget-title:not(:first-child){margin-top:30px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget-title,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h1:first-of-type,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h2:first-of-type,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h3:first-of-type,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h4:first-of-type,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h5:first-of-type,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h6:first-of-type{font-weight:500;font-style:normal}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget-title:before,.et-
106db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h1:first-of-type:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h2:first-of-type:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h3:first-of-type:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h4:first-of-type:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h5:first-of-type:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area h6:first-of-type:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widgettitle{font-size:18px;padding-bottom:10px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .enigma_sidebar_widget,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .fwidget,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .sb-widget,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget-box,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget-container,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget-wrapper{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:30px;color:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area ul li{margin-top:.25em;margin-bottom:.25em;background:none;margin-left:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area ul li:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area ul li:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area ul ul{border-top:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area ul ul li{margin-top:5px;margin-left:15px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area ul ul li:last-child{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widgettitle:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area select{margin-right:0;margin-left:0;width:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area img{max-width:100%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .enigma_sidebar_widget ul li a{display:inline-block;margin-left:0;padding-left:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .enigma_sidebar_widget ul ul li:last-child{padding-bottom:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area #searchform,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search form{position:relative;padding:0;background:none;margin-top:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area #searchform input[type=text],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .enigma_sidebar_widget #searchform input[type=text],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .search-field,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search input[type=search],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search input[type=text]{position:relative;margin:0;padding:.7em 90px .7em .7em!important;min-width:0;width:100%!important;height:40px!important;font-size:14px;line-height:normal;border:1px solid #ddd!important;color:#666;border-radius:3px!important;display:block;background:#fff!important;background-image:none!important;box-shadow:none!important;float:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .et-narrow-wrapper #searchform input[type=text]{padding-right:.7em!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area #searchform input[type=submit],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .enigma_sidebar_widget #searchform button{background-color:#ddd!important;font-size:14px;text-transform:none!important;padding:0 .7em!important;min-width:0;width:80px!important;height:40px!important;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:3px!important;-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius:3px!important;-moz-border-radius-topright:3px!important;-moz-border-radius-bottomright:3px;border-top-right-radius:3px;border-bottom-right-radius:3px;position:absolute!important;left:auto;right:0!important;top:0!important;display:inline-block!important;clip:auto;text-align:center;box-shadow:none!important;cursor:pointer;color:#666!important;text-indent:0!important;background-image:none!important;border:none!important;margin:0!important;float:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .et-narrow-wrapper #searchform input[type=submit],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .search-submit,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search form.searchform>button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search input[type=submit]{position:relative!important;margin-top:1em!important;-webkit-border-top-left-radius:3px!important;-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius:3px!important;-moz-border-radius-topleft:3px!important;-moz-border-radius-bottomleft:3px;border-top-left-radius:3px;border-bottom-left-radius:3px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .themeform.searchform div:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search form:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .input-group,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search f
106ieldset,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search label{display:block;max-width:100%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-narrow-wrapper input[type=search],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-narrow-wrapper input[type=text],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-no-submit-button input[type=search],.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-no-submit-button input[type=text]{padding-right:.7em!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .search-submit:hover,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search input[type=submit]:hover{background:#ddd}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search button.search-submit .screen-reader-text{display:inline-block;clip:auto;width:auto;height:auto;position:relative!important;line-height:normal;color:#666}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search button.search-submit:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search form.form-search .input-group-btn,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search form.searchform #search-button-box{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;width:80px;height:40px;z-index:12}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-narrow-wrapper form.form-search .input-group-btn,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-narrow-wrapper form.searchform #search-button-box,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-no-submit-button form.form-search .input-group-btn,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-no-submit-button form.searchform #search-button-box{position:relative!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .seach_section fieldset{padding:0;margin:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .seach_section fieldset .searchsub,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .seach_section fieldset .searchtext{padding:0;background:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .assistive-text,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search>form>div>.screen-reader-text[for=s]{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .enigma_sidebar_widget .input-group{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-narrow-wrapper>form>.input-group>span.input-group-btn,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search.et-no-submit-button>form>.input-group>span.input-group-btn{position:relative!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search table.searchform td.searchfield{width:auto;border:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search table.searchform td.searchbutton{border:none;background:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .large-10,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search .small-10{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search div.search-field{border:none!important;padding:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_search #searchform:after{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .enigma_sidebar_widget .input-group{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area #calendar_wrap{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area #wp-calendar,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_calendar table{table-layout:fixed;width:100%;margin:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_calendar table td,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_calendar table th{background:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_nav_menu ul,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_nav_menu ul li{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_nav_menu .menu{font-family:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_nav_menu .menu-item-has-children>a:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_widget_area .widget_nav_menu .menu li>ul:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter input#email{float:none;max-width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_form input{outline:none!important;box-shadow:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_header .et_pb_fullwidth_header_container{float:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_quote_content blockquote{background-color:transparent!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark .widget,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h1 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h2 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h3 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h4 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h5 a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h6 a{color:inherit!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu-nav{padding:0 5px;margin-bottom:0;overflow:visible!important;background:transparent;border:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu a{padding-top:0;color:inherit!important;background:transparent;text-decoration:inherit!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu a:hover{background:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu.nav li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu.nav li a{float:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu.nav li ul{display:block;border-radius:0;border-left:none;border-right:none;border-bottom:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu.nav li li{padding:0 20px!important;border-bottom:none;background:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu.nav li li a{padding:6px 20px!important;border:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-menu.nav>li>ul{top:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_menu .mobile_nav,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_menu .mobile_nav{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_menu .mobile_nav>span,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_menu .mobile_nav>span{width:auto;height:auto;top:auto;right:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_menu .mobile_nav.opened>span,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_menu .mobile_nav.opened>span{transform:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_menu .et_mobile_menu li>a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_menu .et_mobile_menu li>a{color:inherit!important;background:none;width:100%;padding:10px 5%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_menu .et_mobile_menu>.menu-item-has-children>a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_menu .et_mobile_menu>.menu-item-has-children>a{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.03)}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_fullwidth_menu .et_mobile_menu li li,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_menu .et_mobile_menu li li{padding-left:5%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.et_pb_member_social_links{margin-top:20px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-container,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-container .mejs-controls,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-embed,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-embed body{background:#222}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-horizontal-volume-slider .mejs-horizontal-volume-total,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-total{background:hsla(0,0%,100%,.33)}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-total{margin:5px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls div.mejs-time-rail{padding-top:5px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-horizontal-volume-slider .mejs-horizontal-volume-current,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-loaded{background:#fff}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-current{background:#0073aa}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-float{background:#eee;border:1px solid #333;margin-left:-18px;text-align:center;color:#111}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-float-current{margin:2px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-float-corner{border:5px solid transparent;border-top-color:#eee;border-radius:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-container .mejs-controls .mejs-time{color:#fff;padding:10px 3px 0;box-sizing:content-box}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_audio_module button{box-shadow:none;text-shadow:none;min-height:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_audio_module button:before{position:relative}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_audio_module_content h2{padding-bottom:10px;line-height:1em}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-mediaelement{background:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-clear,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-time-handle,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-volume-slider{display:block!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container span.mejs-currenttime{text-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container p.et_audio_module_meta{margin-bottom:17px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-button.mejs-playpause-button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-button.mejs-playpause-button button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-button.mejs-volume-button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-button.mejs-volume-button button{border:none;box-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-button.mejs-playpause-button button:before{top:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-button.mejs-volume-button.mejs-mute,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-button.mejs-volume-button.mejs-unmute{position:relative;float:left;clear:none!important;top:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-button button:focus{text-decoration:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-controls{box-shadow:none;bottom:auto!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-controls div.mejs-time-rail{width:auto!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail span{height:10px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail span{width:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-handle{border-radius:5px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-float{border:none!important;color:inherit!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-controls .mejs-horizontal-volume-slider{width:50px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container span.mejs-offscreen{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container span.mejs-time-handle{background-color:#fff}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container span.mejs-time-float-current{min-width:30px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-container{background-color:transparent!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-container span.mejs-currenttime{display:inline-block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-container .mejs-controls .mejs-time span{line-height:1em}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-container .mejs-horizontal-volume-current,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-container .mejs-time-current{background:#fff!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-container .mejs-pause{top:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container button:focus{box-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-play button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-pause button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mejs-volume-button button:after{display:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column .et_pb_shop_grid .woocommerce ul.products li.product:nth-child(n){float:left!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .woocommerce-page ul.products li.product,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .woocommerce-page ul.products li.product h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .woocommerce ul.products li.product,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .woocommerce ul.products li.product h3{background-color:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .woocommerce ul.products li.product h3{padding:.3em 0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_shop_grid:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .star-rating span{letter-spacing:inherit;padding-top:1.5em}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .product.et-background-image{box-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .onsale{box-sizing:content-box;z-index:3;background:#ef8f61;color:#fff;padding:6px 18px;font-size:20px;border-radius:3px;width:auto;height:auto;line-height:1.6em;text-transform:none;font-weight:400;min-width:0;min-height:0;position:absolute;top:20px!important;
106left:20px!important;right:auto;transform:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .featured{display:inline-block!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce ul.products{margin-left:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce ul.products .entry{overflow:visible}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce ul.products li.last{margin-right:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce ul.products li.product{float:left;margin:0 3.8% 2.992em 0;padding:0;position:relative;width:22.05%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce ul.products li.product .button{max-width:100%;white-space:normal;padding:.618em 1em}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce ul.products li.product a img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;margin:0 0 1em;box-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce.columns-1 ul.products li.product{width:100%;margin-right:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce.columns-2 ul.products li.product{width:48%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce.columns-3 ul.products li.product{width:30.75%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce.columns-5 ul.products li.product{width:16.95%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop h3:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .desc{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .image_frame{width:100%;margin-bottom:15px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .onsale>i{position:relative;top:auto;right:auto;bottom:auto;left:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .onsale>span:after{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .inner_product_header{padding:0;border:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .isotope-item>a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce ul.products li.product>a{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .rating_container,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .star-rating{float:none;position:relative;top:auto;right:auto;bottom:auto;left:auto;margin-bottom:15px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .box-text{padding-bottom:20px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .col-inner{padding:0 10px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .image_frame.hover .image_wrapper img,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .image_frame:hover .image_wrapper img{top:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .et_shop_image{display:block;position:relative;line-height:.8!important;margin-bottom:10px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .add-to-cart-button-outer,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .add_to_cart_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .avia_cart_buttons,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .image_links,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .product-buttons-container,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .product-thumb .button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .show-on-hover{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .inner-wrap>a{line-height:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .quick-view{line-height:1em;color:#fff;padding:5px 0;text-align:center}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_pricing .et_pb_featured_table{z-index:50}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_pricing li span{letter-spacing:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_tab *,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_tabs_controls a{letter-spacing:inherit;text-decoration:inherit!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_testimonial:before{visibility:visible;width:auto;height:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l button.et_pb_button{text-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important;background-color:transparent!important;white-space:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l button.et_pb_button:after{width:auto;left:auto;top:auto;background-color:transparent}.et-db #et-boc .et-l button.et_pb_button:hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.05)!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l a.et_pb_button{padding-bottom:.3em}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button:before{content:""}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact p input{height:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact p input[type=text]{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact p input,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact p textarea{border:none!important;border-radius:0!important;color:#999!important;padding:16px!important;max-width:100%;outline:none!important;box-shadow:none;background-color:#eee!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact .et_pb_contact_submit{vertical-align:top}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact input.et_pb_contact_captcha{display:inline-block;max-width:50px!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact form span{width:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact_left p{margin:0 3% 3% 0!important;display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact_left p:last-child{margin-right:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact_right p{margin:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l hr.et_pb_divider{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .comment-form-author,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .comment-form-email,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .comment-form-url{width:auto;float:none;margin-right:0;padding-bottom:1em}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .comment_avatar:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_comments_module a.et_pb_button{border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-width:2px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_comments_module button.et_pb_button{color:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .children .comment-body,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .comment-body{border:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_gallery_grid .et_pb_gallery_image{font-size:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_gallery_image a{line-height:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_wc_related_products .et_shop_image{display:block;position:relative;line-height:.8!important;margin-bottom:10px}
106@media (min-width:981px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_3_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product.last,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_4_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product.last{margin-right:5.5%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_3 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product.last{margin-right:8.483%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_2 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product.last{margin-right:11.64%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product.first{clear:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_2 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(2n),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_3 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(2n),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_3_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(3n),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_4_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(4n){margin-right:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_2 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(odd),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_3 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(odd),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_3_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(3n+1),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_4_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(4n+1){clear:both!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_specialty_column.et_pb_column_3_4 .et_pb_column_4_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(4n){margin-right:7.47%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_specialty_column.et_pb_column_3_4 .et_pb_column_4_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(3n){margin-right:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_specialty_column.et_pb_column_3_4 .et_pb_column_4_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .columns-0 ul.products li.product:nth-child(4n+1){clear:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .woocommerce-page.columns-6 ul.products li.product,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .woocommerce.columns-6 ul.products li.product{width:13.5%!important;margin:0 3.8% 2.992em 0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .woocommerce-page.columns-6 ul.products li.product.last,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .woocommerce.columns-6 ul.products li.product.last{margin-right:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce.columns-6 ul.products li.product:nth-child(3n+1){clear:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop .woocommerce.columns-6 ul.products li.product.first{clear:both}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_4_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .woocommerce ul.products li.product{width:20.875%!important;margin:0 5.5% 5.5% 0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_3_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .woocommerce ul.products li.product{width:28.353%!important;margin:0 7.47% 5.5% 0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_3 .et_pb_shop_grid .woocommerce ul.products li.product{width:45.758%!important;margin:0 8.483% 5.5% 0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_2 .et_pb_shop_grid .woocommerce ul.products li.product{width:44.18%!important;margin:0 11.64% 5.5% 0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_3 .et_pb_shop_grid .woocommerce ul.products li.product,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_4 .et_pb_shop_grid .woocommerce ul.products li.product{margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}@media only screen and (max-width:800px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l #main .et_pb_shop_grid .products li:nth-child(3n),.et-db #et-boc .et-l #main .et_pb_shop_grid .products li:nth-child(4n){float:left!important;margin:0 9.5% 9.5% 0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l #main .et_pb_shop_grid .products li:nth-child(2n){margin-right:0!important}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:980px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_shop ul.products li.product:nth-child(odd){clear:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column .woocommerce ul.products li.product:nth-child(3n+1){clear:both!important}}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.products li.product .onsale{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.products li.product .star-rating{margin-top:5px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.products li.product .price{position:relative;top:auto;right:auto;left:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.products li.product .price:after{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.products li.product .price del{display:block;margin-bottom:10px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.products li.product .price ins{margin-left:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l ul.products li.product .price ins:before{content:""!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l *{box-sizing:border-box}
106.et-db #et-boc .et-l #et-info-email:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l #et-info-phone:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l #et_search_icon:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .comment-reply-link:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-cart-info span:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-pb-arrow-next:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-pb-arrow-prev:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-social-icon a:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-playpause-button button:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_audio_container .mejs-volume-button button:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_overlay:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_password_protected_form .et_submit_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact_reset:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_contact_submit:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_font_icon:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_newsletter_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_pricing_table_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_promo_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_testimonial:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_toggle_title:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .form-submit .et_pb_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .mobile_menu_bar:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l a.et_pb_more_button:after{font-family:ETmodules!important;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;text-shadow:0 0;direction:ltr}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_custom_button_icon.et_pb_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_login .et_pb_custom_button_icon.et_pb_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_woo_custom_button_icon .button.et_pb_custom_button_icon.et_pb_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_woo_custom_button_icon .button.et_pb_custom_button_icon.et_pb_button:hover:after{content:attr(data-icon)}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-pb-icon{font-family:ETmodules;content:attr(data-icon);speak:none;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-size:96px;font-style:normal;display:inline-block;box-sizing:border-box;direction:ltr}.et-db #et-boc .et-l #et-ajax-saving{display:none;transition:background .3s,box-shadow .3s;box-shadow:0 0 60px rgba(0,139,219,.247059);position:fixed;top:50%;left:50%;width:50px;height:50px;background:#fff;border-radius:50px;margin:-25px 0 0 -25px;z-index:999999;text-align:center}.et-db #et-boc .et-l #et-ajax-saving img{margin:9px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-safe-mode-indicator,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-safe-mode-indicator:focus,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-safe-mode-indicator:hover{box-shadow:0 5px 10px rgba(41,196,169,.15);background:#29c4a9;color:#fff;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;padding:12px;line-height:16px;border-radius:3px;position:fixed;bottom:30px;right:30px;z-index:999999;text-decoration:none;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button{font-size:20px;font-weight:500;padding:.3em 1em;line-height:1.7em!important;background-color:transparent;background-size:cover;background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;position:relative;border:2px solid;border-radius:3px;transition-duration:.2s;transition-property:all!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button_inner{position:relative}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button:hover,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module .et_pb_button:hover{border:2px solid transparent;padding:.3em 2em .3em .7em}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button:hover{background-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.2)}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light.et_pb_button:hover,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light .et_pb_button:hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.05)}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button:before{font-size:32px;line-height:1em;content:"\35";opacity:0;position:absolute;margin-left:-1em;transition:all .2s;text-transform:none;font-feature-settings:"kern" off;font-variant:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;text-shadow:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button.et_hover_enabled:hover:after,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button.et_pb_hovered:hover:after{transition:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button:before{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_button:hover:after{opacity:1;margin-left:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_3 h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_4 h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_5 h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_6 h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_5 h1{font-size:26px}
106.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_3 h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_4 h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_5 h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_6 h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_5 h2{font-size:23px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_3 h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_4 h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_5 h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_6 h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_5 h3{font-size:20px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_3 h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_4 h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_5 h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_6 h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_5 h4{font-size:18px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_3 h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_4 h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_5 h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_6 h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_5 h5{font-size:16px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_3 h6,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_4 h6,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_5 h6,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_1_6 h6,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column_2_5 h6{font-size:15px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark h6{color:#fff!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_left{text-align:left}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_center{text-align:center}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_right{text-align:right}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_justified{text-align:justify}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .clearfix:after{visibility:hidden;display:block;font-size:0;content:" ";clear:both;height:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light .et_pb_more_button{color:#2ea3f2}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_builder_inner_content{position:relative;z-index:1}header .et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_builder_inner_content{z-index:2}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough{mix-blend-mode:unset!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_image_container{margin:-20px -20px 29px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module_inner{position:relative}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_hover_enabled_preview{z-index:2}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_hover_enabled:hover{position:relative;z-index:2}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_all_tabs,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts_nav a,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_tab,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_with_background{position:relative;background-size:cover;background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_background_mask,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_background_pattern{bottom:0;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_background_mask{background-size:calc(100% + 2px) calc(100% + 2px);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50%;overflow:hidden}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_background_pattern{background-position:0 0;background-repeat:repeat}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_with_border{position:relative;border:0 solid #333}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .post-password-required .et_pb_row{padding:0;width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .post-password-required .et_password_protected_form{min-height:0}body.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout.et_pb_show_title .et-db #et-boc .et-l .post-password-required .et_password_protected_form h1,body:not(.et_pb_pagebuilder_layout) .et-db #et-boc .et-l .post-password-required .et_password_protected_form h1{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_no_bg{padding:0!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_overlay.et_pb_inline_icon:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_inline_icon:before{content:attr(data-icon)}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_more_button{color:inherit;text-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;margin-top:20px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg_wrap{overflow:hidden;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:top;background-size:cover;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg.et_parallax_bg__hover,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg.et_parallax_bg_phone,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg.et_parallax_bg_tablet,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_gradient.et_parallax_gradient__hover,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_gradient.et_parallax_gradient_phone,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_gradient.et_parallax_gradient_tablet,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section_parallax_hover:hover .et_parallax_bg:not(.et_parallax_bg__hover),.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section_parallax_hover:hover .et_parallax_gradient:not(.et_parallax_gradient__hover){display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section_parallax_hover:hover .et_parallax_bg.et_parallax_bg__hover,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section_parallax_hover:hover .et_parallax_gradient.et_parallax_gradient__hover{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_gradient{bottom:0;display:block;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_section_parallax,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_posts_nav a.et_pb_section_parallax,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_tab.et_pb_section_parallax{position:relative}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section_parallax .et_pb_parallax_css,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_slides .et_parallax_bg.et_pb_parallax_css{background-attachment:fixed}.et-db #et-boc .et-l body.et-bfb .et_pb_section_parallax .et_pb_parallax_css,.et-db #et-boc .et-l body.et-bfb .et_pb_slides .et_parallax_bg.et_pb_parallax_css{background-attachment:scroll;bottom:auto}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section_parallax.et_pb_column .et_pb_module,.et-
106db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section_parallax.et_pb_row .et_pb_column,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section_parallax.et_pb_row .et_pb_module{z-index:9;position:relative}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_more_button:hover:after{opacity:1;margin-left:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_preload .et_pb_section_video_bg,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_preload>div{visibility:hidden}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_preload,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section.et_pb_section_video.et_pb_preload{position:relative;background:#464646!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_preload:before{content:"";position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;background:url(https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/divi-builder/core/admin/images/loader.gif) no-repeat;border-radius:32px;width:32px;height:32px;margin:-16px 0 0 -16px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .box-shadow-overlay{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:10;pointer-events:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section>.box-shadow-overlay~.et_pb_row{z-index:11}.et-db #et-boc .et-l body.safari .section_has_divider{will-change:transform}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_row>.box-shadow-overlay{z-index:8}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .has-box-shadow-overlay{position:relative}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_clickable{cursor:pointer}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_multi_view_hidden,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_multi_view_hidden_image{display:none!important}@keyframes multi-view-image-fade{0%{opacity:0}10%{opacity:.1}20%{opacity:.2}30%{opacity:.3}40%{opacity:.4}50%{opacity:.5}60%{opacity:.6}70%{opacity:.7}80%{opacity:.8}90%{opacity:.9}to{opacity:1}}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_multi_view_image__loading{visibility:hidden}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_multi_view_image__loaded{-webkit-animation:multi-view-image-fade .5s;animation:multi-view-image-fade .5s}.et-db #et-boc .et-l #et-pb-motion-effects-offset-tracker{visibility:hidden!important;opacity:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-pb-before-scroll-animation{opacity:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l header.et-l.et-l--header:after{clear:both;display:block;content:""}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module{-webkit-animation-timing-function:linear;animation-timing-function:linear;-webkit-animation-duration:.2s;animation-duration:.2s}@-webkit-keyframes fadeBottom{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(10%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}@keyframes fadeBottom{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(10%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}@-webkit-keyframes fadeLeft{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateX(-10%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0)}}@keyframes fadeLeft{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateX(-10%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0)}}@-webkit-keyframes fadeRight{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateX(10%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0)}}@keyframes fadeRight{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateX(10%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0)}}@-webkit-keyframes fadeTop{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(-10%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0)}}@keyframes fadeTop{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(-10%)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateX(0)}}@-webkit-keyframes fadeIn{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes fadeIn{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-waypoint:not(.et_pb_counters){opacity:0}
106@media (min-width:981px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section.et_section_specialty div.et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_column .et_pb_module.et-last-child,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section.et_section_specialty div.et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_column .et_pb_module:last-child,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section.et_section_specialty div.et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_row_inner .et_pb_column .et_pb_module.et-last-child,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section.et_section_specialty div.et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_row_inner .et_pb_column .et_pb_module:last-child,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section div.et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_module.et-last-child,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section div.et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_module:last-child{margin-bottom:0}}@media (max-width:980px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_overlay.et_pb_inline_icon_tablet:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_inline_icon_tablet:before{content:attr(data-icon-tablet)}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg.et_parallax_bg_tablet_exist,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_gradient.et_parallax_gradient_tablet_exist{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg.et_parallax_bg_tablet,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_gradient.et_parallax_gradient_tablet{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_column .et_pb_module{margin-bottom:30px}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_module.et-last-child,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_module:last-child,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_section_specialty .et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_module.et-last-child,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_section_specialty .et_pb_row .et_pb_column .et_pb_module:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_more_button{display:inline-block!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet.et_pb_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet.et_pb_module.et_pb_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet .et_pb_more_button{color:#2ea3f2}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet .et_pb_forgot_password a{color:#666}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet h6{color:#333!important}.et_pb_module .et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet.et_pb_button{color:#2ea3f2!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_tablet{color:#666!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet h6{color:#fff!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet.et_pb_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet.et_pb_module.et_pb_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet .et_pb_more_button{color:inherit}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_tablet .et_pb_forgot_password a{color:#fff}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_left-tablet{text-align:left}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_center-tablet{text-align:center}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_right-tablet{text-align:right}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_justified-tablet{text-align:justify}}
106@media (max-width:767px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_more_button{display:inline-block!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_overlay.et_pb_inline_icon_phone:before,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_inline_icon_phone:before{content:attr(data-icon-phone)}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg.et_parallax_bg_phone_exist,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_gradient.et_parallax_gradient_phone_exist{display:none}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_bg.et_parallax_bg_phone,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_parallax_gradient.et_parallax_gradient_phone{display:block}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et-hide-mobile{display:none!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone.et_pb_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone.et_pb_module.et_pb_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone .et_pb_more_button{color:#2ea3f2}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone .et_pb_forgot_password a{color:#666}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone h6{color:#333!important}.et_pb_module .et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone.et_pb_button{color:#2ea3f2!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_light_phone{color:#666!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone h1,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone h2,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone h3,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone h4,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone h5,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone h6{color:#fff!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone.et_pb_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone.et_pb_module.et_pb_button,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone .et_pb_more_button{color:inherit}.et_pb_module .et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone.et_pb_button{color:#fff!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_bg_layout_dark_phone .et_pb_forgot_password a{color:#fff}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_left-phone{text-align:left}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_center-phone{text-align:center}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_right-phone{text-align:right}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_module.et_pb_text_align_justified-phone{text-align:justify}}@media (max-width:479px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l a.et_pb_more_button{display:block}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:980px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l [data-et-multi-view-load-tablet-hidden=true]:not(.et_multi_view_swapped){display:none!important}}
106@media (max-width:767px){.et-db #et-boc .et-l [data-et-multi-view-load-phone-hidden=true]:not(.et_multi_view_swapped){display:none!important}}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_menu.et_pb_menu--style-inline_centered_logo .et_pb_menu__menu nav ul{justify-content:center}@-webkit-keyframes multi-view-image-fade{0%{transform:scale(1);opacity:1}50%{transform:scale(1.01);opacity:1}to{transform:scale(1);opacity:1}}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_section .et_pb_row{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_with_background .et_pb_row,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .single.et_full_width_page .et_pb_row,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .single.et_full_width_portfolio_page .et_pb_row{width:80%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_row.et_pb_row_fullwidth,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_specialty_fullwidth>.et_pb_row.et_pb_row_fullwidth{width:100%!important;max-width:100%!important}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_with_background .et_pb_row.et_pb_row_fullwidth,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_with_background.et_pb_specialty_fullwidth>.et_pb_row.et_pb_row_fullwidth,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .single.et_full_width_page .et_pb_row.et_pb_row_fullwidth,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .single.et_full_width_page .et_pb_specialty_fullwidth>.et_pb_row.et_pb_row_fullwidth,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .single.et_full_width_portfolio_page .et_pb_row.et_pb_row_fullwidth,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .single.et_full_width_portfolio_page .et_pb_specialty_fullwidth>.et_pb_row.et_pb_row_fullwidth{width:89%!important;max-width:89%!important}.et-db .mfp-ready.mfp-fade .mfp-figure{opacity:1}.et-db .mfp-image-holder .mfp-arrow{border:none!important;opacity:.55;width:48px!important;height:48px!important}.et-db .mfp-image-holder .mfp-arrow:after{background:none;opacity:1;transform:none!important}.et-db .mfp-image-holder .mfp-arrow-right{right:10px!important}.et-db .mfp-image-holder .mfp-arrow-left,.et-db .mfp-image-holder .mfp-arrow-left:after{left:0!important}.et-db .mfp-image-holder .mfp-close{line-height:44px;font-weight:200;font-family:Open Sans,Arial,sans-serif!important}.et-db .mfp-arrow-right .mfp-a,.et-db .mfp-arrow-right:after{content:"\35"}.et-db .mfp-arrow-left .mfp-a,.et-db .mfp-arrow-left:after{content:"\34"}.et-db #et-boc ul.products li.product .woocommerce-loop-product__link{display:inline-block}.et-db #et-boc .woocommerce-product-gallery img{width:100%}.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_wc_checkout_additional_info #order_review_heading,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_wc_checkout_billing #order_review_heading,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_wc_checkout_payment_info #order_review_heading,.et-db #et-boc .et-l .et_pb_wc_checkout_shipping #order_review_heading{display:none!important}
107/*# sourceURL=divi-builder-style-inline-inline-css */
108</style>
109<link rel='stylesheet' id='divi-builder-dynamic-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/et-cache/1/26/12302/et-divi-builder-dynamic-12302.css?ver=1790027973' media='all' />
110<link rel='stylesheet' id='IFAI\Plugin\Modules\Shortcodes\GetCategoryList-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/ifai-module-kit/src/assets/styles/Shortcodes/GetCategoryList.css?ver=7.0.5' media='all' />
111<link rel='stylesheet' id='sage/css-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/dist/styles/main-geosyntheticsmagazine-8811c5a60f.css' media='all' />
112<link rel='stylesheet' id='lightslider-css' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/dist/styles/lightslider.css' media='1' />
113<script id="jquery-core-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 113
113
114<script id="jquery-migrate-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1"></script>
114
115
116<!-- Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit -->
117<!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit -->
vendor: 80 bytes, lines 117-118
117
118<script id="google_gtagjs-js" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=
118G-M4DSVFYBS5
vendor: 18 bytes, line 118
118" async></script>
119<script id="google_gtagjs-js-after">
120window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
121gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["geosyntheticsmagazine.com"]});
122gtag("js", new Date());
123gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true);
124gtag("config", "G-M4DSVFYBS5");
125//# sourceURL=google_gtagjs-js-after
126</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 126
126
127<script id="ata-alpinejs-mask-js" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@alpinejs/[email protected]/dist/cdn.min.js?ver=7.0.5"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 127
127
128<script id="ata-alpinejs-focus-js" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@alpinejs/[email protected]/dist/cdn.min.js?ver=7.0.5"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 128
128
129<script id="ata-alpinejs-collapse-js" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@alpinejs/[email protected]/dist/cdn.min.js?ver=7.0.5"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 129
129
130<script id="ata-feathericons-js" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/feather-icons/dist/feather.min.js?ver=1790312203"></script>
130
131<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/12302" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
132<link rel='shortlink' href='https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/?p=12302' />
133<meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.178.0" /><div class="acm-wrapper acm-tag-dfp_head">	<!-- Include google_services.js -->
134<script type='text/javascript'>
135var googletag = googletag || {};
136googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];
137(function() {
138var gads = document.createElement('script');
139gads.async = true;
140gads.type = 'text/javascript';
141var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol;
142gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') +
143'//www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js';
144var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
145node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node);
146})();
147</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 147
147
148<script type='text/javascript'>
149googletag.cmd.push(function() {
150				googletag.defineSlot('/36265763/Geosynthetics_leaderboard_top', [728,90], "acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_leaderboard_top").addService(googletag.pubads());
151						googletag.defineSlot('/36265763/Geosynthetics_footer', [728,90], "acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_footer").addService(googletag.pubads());
152						googletag.defineSlot('/36265763/Geosynthetics_wide_skyscraper1', [160,600], "acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_wide_skyscraper1").addService(googletag.pubads());
153						googletag.defineSlot('/36265763/Geosynthetics_medium_rectangle1', [300,250], "acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_medium_rectangle1").addService(googletag.pubads());
154						googletag.defineSlot('/36265763/Geosynthetics_CTA1_medrec', [300,250], "acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_CTA1_medrec").addService(googletag.pubads());
155						googletag.defineSlot('/36265763/Geosynthetics_CTA2_medrec', [300,250], "acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_CTA2_medrec").addService(googletag.pubads());
156						googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();
157googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();
158googletag.enableServices();
159});
160</script>
160
161				</div><style class="wpcode-css-snippet">h1.footer-title-landing {display: none;}
162.geosynthetics-trends-and-innovations-2025 h1.footer-title {display: none;}
163.geosynthetics-trends-and-innovations-2025 h1.footer-title-landing {display: block;}</style>
164<!-- Google Tag Manager snippet added by Site Kit -->
165<script>
vendor: 420 bytes, lines 165-174
165
166			( function( w, d, s, l, i ) {
167				w[l] = w[l] || [];
168				w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'} );
169				var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[0],
170					j = d.createElement( s ), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : '';
171				j.async = true;
172				j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl;
173				f.parentNode.insertBefore( j, f );
174			} )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', '
174GTM-TK9R72M
vendor: 9 bytes, lines 174-175
174' );
175			
176</script>
176
177
178<!-- End Google Tag Manager snippet added by Site Kit -->
179<style id="uagb-style-frontend-12302">.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media(max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media(max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}}</style><style id="wp-custom-css">
180label.gfield_consent_label {
181	display: inline;
182	margin-left: 8px;
183}
184header {
185	position: static;
186}
187
188.womens-summit-sched {
189	min-width:180px;
190}
191/*
192Welcome to Custom CSS!
193
194To learn how this works, see https://wp.me/PEmnE-Bt
195*/
196.jumbotron.page-title {
197	background-image: url('/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/12/bg_hero_geomag.jpg');
198	background-size: cover;
199}
200
201.jumbotron.member-pattern {
202	background: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/member-pattern.png);
203}
204
205.jumbotron.canada-expo-hero {
206	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/hero-canada18.jpg);
207}
208.jumbotron.canada-expo-hero .overlay {
209	display: none;
210}
211
212.jumbotron.page-title.thread {
213	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/hero-1.jpg);
214}
215
216.jumbotron.page-title.pattern {
217	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/hero-3.jpg);
218}
219
220.jumbotron.page-title.shade {
221	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/hero-4.jpg);
222}
223
224.jumbotron.page-title.map_mem_direct {
225	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/bg_hero_map.jpg);
226}
227
228.jumbotron.page-title.dude-typing {
229	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/herobg-dude-typing3.jpg);
230}
231
232.jumbotron.page-title.support {
233	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/support.jpg);
234}
235
236.jumbotron.page-title.publications {
237	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/publications-hero-low-res.jpg);
238	padding-top: 75px;
239	padding-bottom: 100px;
240}
241
242.jumbotron.page-title.divisions {
243	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/hero-divisions2.jpg);
244}
245
246.jumbotron.page-title.herobg-at {
247	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/bg_hero_at.jpg);
248}
249
250.jumbotron.page-title.jobs {
251	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/hero_job_board.jpg);
252}
253
254.fabric-widget.red {
255	background: #e61e24 url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/red-fabric.png) top center no-repeat;
256}
257
258.fabric-widget.teal {
259	background: #268195 url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/teal-fabric.png) top center no-repeat;
260}
261
262.fabric-widget.green {
263	background: #97b85c url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/green-fabric.png) top center no-repeat;
264}
265
266.jumbotron.dark-bkg {
267	background: #2e2f2d;
268}
269
270.jumbotron.narrow {
271	padding: 10px 0 20px;
272}
273
274.jumbotron.slider {
275	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/slider-bkg.jpg);
276	background-size: cover;
277/*margin-top: -31px;*/
278/*padding-top: 0;*/
279	padding-top: 30px;
280	padding-bottom: 0;
281}
282
283.no-overlay.jumbotron .overlay {
284	display: none;
285}
286
287@media (max-width: 992px) {
288	.fabric-widget.green, .fabric-widget.teal, .fabric-widget.red {
289		background-image: none;
290	}
291}
292
293/* divisions */
294.division-item {
295	margin-top: 20px;
296	min-height: 400px;
297}
298
299/* events */
300.event-divider {
301	height: 3px;
302	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/event-divider.jpg);
303}
304
305figcaption {
306	font-style: italic;
307}
308
309/* news and members*/
310.nobull {
311	list-style-type: none;
312	padding-left: 20px;
313}
314
315.nobull a:hover {
316	display: block;
317	padding: 5px;
318	color: #fff;
319	background-color: #ca1a20;
320	text-decoration: none;
321}
322
323.imagebanner {
324	overflow: hidden;
325	max-height: 180px;
326	border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;
327}
328
329.imageside {
330	display: inline-block;
331	overflow: hidden;
332	max-width: 33%;
333	height: 100%;
334	margin: 0;
335	z-index: -2;
336	margin-bottom: -6px;
337}
338
339.imageside img {
340	max-width: 100%;
341	height: auto;
342}
343
344.membertext {
345	display: inline-block;
346	padding: 0 10px;
347	width: calc(66% - 20px);
348	vertical-align: top;
349}
350
351.navigation .btn {
352	color: #fff;
353	background-color: #bb0018;
354	border-color: #bb0018;
355}
356
357.navigation .btn:hover {
358	background-color: #801;
359	border-color: #7e0010;
360}
361
362.navigation .nav-next {
363	float: right;
364}
365
366.navigation .btn:empty {
367	display: none;
368}
369
370.btn a, .btn a:hover {
371	color: #fff;
372	text-decoration: none;
373}
374
375.fa-chevron-left {
376	margin-right: 10px;
377}
378
379.fa-chevron-right {
380	margin-left: 10px;
381}
382
383/* news and member legacy - delete before production*/
384.round-edge {
385	overflow: hidden;
386	border-radius: 5px;
387	box-shadow: 1px 1px 5px #999;
388	margin-bottom: 30px;
389}
390
391.readmore {
392	display: block;
393	color: #fff;
394	background-color: #ca1a20;
395	text-align: center;
396	width: 100%;
397	padding: 20px 0;
398}
399
400/*Publications page content*/
401.publications-summary .pub-sum-icon img {
402/* IFAI EDIT */
403	border: 1px solid #ddd;
404}
405
406#publications-results-entries ul, #publications-results-entries li {
407	margin: 0;
408	padding: 0;
409	list-style: none;
410}
411
412#publications-results-entries img {
413	margin: 10px;
414}
415
416.publication-select {
417	cursor: pointer;
418	position: absolute;
419	opacity: 0;
420	z-index: 2;
421}
422
423.publication-title {
424	border: 0;
425	border-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/stretch.gif);
426	border-image-width: 170px;
427	border-image-slice: 95;
428	border-image-repeat: space;
429}
430
431.publication-title, .publication-select {
432	width: 170px;
433	height: 210px;
434	float: left;
435	margin-bottom: 620px;
436}
437
438.publication-content {
439	position: absolute;
440	top: 189px;
441	left: 0;
442	margin-left: 9000px;
443	width: 100%;
444	overflow: hidden;
445	color: #fff;
446	background-color: #3c3e3b;
447	padding: 60px;
448}
449
450.publication-content h3 {
451	margin-top: 0;
452}
453
454.publication-content a {
455	color: #fff;
456	text-decoration: none;
457}
458
459.publication-content a:hover {
460	color: #ca1a20;
461	text-decoration: none;
462}
463
464.publication-select:checked ~ .publication-content {
465	margin-left: 0;
466	transition: margin .3s ease .1s;
467	-o-transition: margin .3s ease .1s;
468	-moz-transition: margin .3s ease .1s;
469	-webkit-transition: margin .3s ease .1s;
470}
471
472.publication-select:checked ~ .publication-title {
473	border-bottom: 19px;
474	height: 190px;
475	transition: border .1s ease .4s, height .2s ease .5s;
476	-o-transition: border .1s ease .4s, height .2s ease .5s;
477	-moz-transition: border .1s ease .4s, height .2s ease .5s;
478	-webkit-transition: border .1s ease .4s, height .2s ease .5s;
479}
480
481.publication-image {
482	float: left;
483	margin-right: 60px;
484	height: 100%;
485}
486
487/* Publications article thumbnails */
488.article {
489	float: left;
490	width: 150px;
491	margin-left: 0;
492	margin-right: 30px;
493	margin-top: 60px;
494}
495
496.article img {
497	margin: 0 0 10px !important;
498}
499
500/* Membership Checkout Descriptions */
501.nf-form-list .radio, .memberclass, .membercont {
502	border-bottom: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
503	padding: 0;
504	margin: 10px 0;
505}
506
507.nf-form-list .radio, .membercont {
508	height: 5em;
509}
510
511.headrow {
512	height: 2em;
513	position: relative;
514}
515
516.headrow div {
517	height: 100% !important;
518}
519
520.headrow strong {
521	position: absolute;
522	bottom: 0;
523}
524
525.memberclass > div {
526	padding-left: 0;
527	padding-right: 0;
528}
529
530#nodir, #autopay, #splitpay {
531	padding-left: 0;
532}
533
534.divisioncol {
535	padding-left: 20px;
536}
537
538.divisionimg {
539	padding: 20px;
540}
541
542/* IFAI EDIT: Cards */
543.card {
544	border: 1px solid #ccc;
545}
546
547.card {
548	position: relative;
549	box-sizing: border-box;
550}
551
552.card-btn .btn {
553	display: block;
554}
555
556.card-row {
557	display: table;
558	width: 100%;
559	border-collapse: collapse;
560}
561
562.card-row>div {
563	display: table-cell;
564}
565
566.card-row.fixed {
567	table-layout: fixed;
568}
569
570.card-row.fixed>div {
571	width: 100%;
572}
573
574.card-title a,.card-title h1,.card-title h2,.card-title h3,.card-title h4,.card-title h5,.card-title h6 {
575	display: block;
576	margin: 0;
577	border: 0;
578	padding: 0;
579}
580
581.card {
582	transition: box-shadow .28s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);
583}
584
585.card[elevation="1"] {
586	box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.14), 0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.12), 0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
587}
588
589.card-btn .btn {
590	transition: .28s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);
591}
592
593.card-btn .btn:active {
594	transition: .5s cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1);
595}
596
597.card {
598	border: none;
599	border-radius: 4px;
600	padding: none;
601	overflow: hidden;
602	background-color: white;
603}
604
605a.card,a.card:hover,a.card:focus,a.card:active {
606	color: black;
607	text-decoration: none;
608}
609
610.card .card-image {
611	overflow: hidden;
612}
613
614.card .card-image img {
615	width: 100%;
616	height: auto;
617}
618
619.card .card-title a,.card .card-title a:hover,.card .card-title a:focus,.card .card-title a:active {
620	color: black;
621}
622
623.card .card-btn {
624	border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
625}
626
627.card .card-btn+.card-btn {
628	border-left: 1px solid #ddd;
629}
630
631.card .card-btn .btn {
632	border: none;
633	border-radius: 0;
634	white-space: nowrap;
635}
636
637.card .card-btn .btn,.card .card-btn .btn:hover,.card .card-btn .btn:focus,.card .card-btn .btn:active {
638	box-shadow: none;
639}
640
641.card.card-default>div+div {
642	border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
643}
644
645.card.card-default .card-title a {
646	padding: .5rem .75rem;
647}
648
649.card.card-default .card-meta {
650	padding: .25rem .75rem;
651	font-size: 14px;
652	color: #666;
653	background-color: #f0f0f0;
654}
655
656.card.card-default .card-text,.card.card-default .card-body {
657	padding: .5rem .75rem;
658}
659
660.card.card-default .card-text p,.card.card-default .card-body p {
661	margin: 0;
662	padding: 0;
663}
664
665.card.card-default .card-text p+p,.card.card-default .card-body p+p {
666	margin-top: .5em;
667}
668
669.card.card-default .card-btn .btn {
670	font-size: 14px;
671}
672
673a.card.card-default .card-btn .btn:hover {
674	background-color: #f0f0f0;
675}
676
677a.card.card-default .card-btn .btn:active {
678	background-color: #444;
679	color: #f0f0f0;
680}
681
682.card.cta {
683	font-size: 16px;
684}
685
686.card.cta .card-body {
687	padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
688}
689
690.card.cta .card-btn a {
691	padding: .75em;
692}
693
694/* IFAI Edit: Bootstrap Card Buttons */
695.btn.btn-card {
696	background-color: #fff;
697	border-width: 1px;
698	border-style: solid;
699	border-color: #ddd;
700	text-transform: initial;
701}
702
703.btn.btn-card:hover {
704	background-color: #eee;
705	color: black;
706	text-decoration: underline;
707}
708
709.btn-group .btn-card {
710	border-right: 0;
711}
712
713.btn-group .btn-card:first-child {
714	border-left: 0;
715}
716
717.btn-group:last-child .btn-card {
718	border-bottom: 0;
719}
720
721.btn-group + .btn-group .btn-card {
722	border-top: 0;
723}
724
725/* IFAI Edit: Bootstrap Panel Buttons */
726.btn-panel {
727	border-top-left-radius: 0;
728	border-top-right-radius: 0;
729	border-width: 0;
730	padding: .9rem 2rem;
731}
732
733.btn-panel + .btn-panel {
734	border-left-width: 1px;
735	border-left-style: solid;
736}
737
738.btn-panel.btn-info,
739.btn-panel.btn-default {
740	border-color: #fff;
741}
742
743/* IFAI EDIT: Home */
744.jumbotron-home {
745	padding-top: 22px;
746	padding-bottom: 22px;
747}
748
749.home-widget-news {
750	margin-bottom: 22px;
751}
752
753.home-widget-news .jumbotron {
754	background-color: #787878;
755}
756
757.ifai-news-carousel .jumbotron {
758	background-color: #787878;
759	background-image: url('/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/ifai-main_bg_news.jpg');
760	background-size: cover;
761	background-position: center;
762	padding-bottom: 25px;
763	padding-top: 25px;
764}
765
766.home-widgets .fabric-buttons {
767	margin-top: 22px;
768}
769
770/* Temp */
771.home-widget-news .panel-body {
772	min-height: 212px;
773	height: 212px;
774	overflow: hidden;
775}
776
777.home-widget-spotlight {
778	border-top: 1px solid #eee;
779	border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
780}
781
782.home-widget-spotlight .img {
783	background-repeat: no-repeat;
784	background-origin: content-box;
785	background-size: 100%;
786/*background-position: 0 25%;*/
787}
788
789.home-widget-spotlight .quote {
790	padding: 5px 0 0 40px;
791	margin: 20px 0 34px -40px;
792}
793
794.home-widget-spotlight .quote-wrap {
795	padding-left: 40px;
796	margin-bottom: 22px;
797	margin-bottom: 40px;
798}
799
800.home-widget-success {
801	margin-top: 22px;
802	margin-bottom: 22px;
803}
804
805.home-widget-success .simian {
806	margin-bottom: 22px;
807}
808
809.home-widget-success .simian h3 {
810	display: inline-block;
811	margin: 0;
812	font-size: 38px;
813	vertical-align: middle;
814}
815
816.home-widget-success .simian img {
817	width: 4em;
818	height: 4em;
819	margin-bottom: 5px;
820	margin-right: .5em;
821	vertical-align: middle;
822/* shim */
823	height: 38px;
824	width: 38px;
825	margin-right: 2px;
826}
827
828.home-widget-success .simian .btn {
829	margin-top: 1em;
830}
831
832.home-widget-success .col:first-child:after {
833	right: 0;
834}
835
836.home-widget-success .col:last-child:before {
837	left: 0;
838}
839
840.home-widget-success .col:first-child:after,
841.home-widget-success .col:last-child:before {
842	content: ' ';
843	position: absolute;
844	top: 25px;
845	bottom: 25px;
846	display: block;
847	width: 1px;
848	background: black;
849	background: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,black,transparent);
850	background: -o-linear-gradient(transparent,black,transparent);
851	background: -moz-linear-gradient(transparent,black,transparent);
852	background: linear-gradient(transparent,black,transparent);
853}
854
855/* IFAI EDIT: Divisions "Popover" -jr */
856#division_summary-results .popover-content a {
857	color: red;
858/* #C91C1E is TOO DARK! The former blue link that was in there = NO  */
859}
860
861/* IFAI EDIT: Header */
862@media (min-width: 1200px) {
863	.comment-form .header-buttons input[type=submit], .header-buttons .btn-primary, .header-buttons .comment-form input[type=submit] {
864		padding: 6px 12px;
865		font-size: 16px;
866		line-height: 1.428571429;
867		border-radius: 4px;
868	}
869}
870
871.leaderboard {
872	border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
873	padding: 1rem;
874	background-color: #f8f8f8;
875}
876
877.leaderboard-container {
878	overflow: hidden;
879}
880
881.leaderboard-container > div {
882	margin: auto;
883}
884
885/* IFAI EDIT: Hero BGs */
886.jumbotron.page-title.new-thread {
887	background-image: url(/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/front-page20.jpg);
888}
889
890/* IFAI EDIT: Member Join package table*/
891.member-class-infos {
892	margin-top: -12px;
893}
894
895.member-class-info-header {
896	font-weight: bold;
897}
898
899.member-class-info-header .columns {
900	display: table-cell;
901	float: none;
902	vertical-align: bottom;
903}
904
905.member-class-info {
906	height: 9rem;
907	border-bottom: 1px solid #e6e6e6;
908	padding-top: .5em;
909	padding-bottom: .5em;
910}
911
912.member-class-infos .class-div-inc {
913	text-align: center;
914}
915
916.member-class-infos .class-dues {
917	text-align: right;
918}
919
920.member-class-info,
921.nf-form-list .radio, 
922.membercont {
923	box-sizing: border-box;
924	height: 7rem;
925	margin-top: 0;
926	margin-bottom: 0;
927	padding: 1.5em 0;
928}
929
930.nf-form-list .radio label {
931	font-weight: 600;
932}
933
934.memberclass {
935	border: 0;
936}
937
938/* Estore Inventory */
939.current-cat {
940	font-weight: bold;
941}
942
943/* User Account */
944#my-account-section-invoices td a {
945	text-decoration: underline;
946}
947
948/* IFAI EDIT: Tutorial Lists */
949.tutorials-list li {
950	margin: 0 0 20px;
951}
952
953.tutorials-list ol {
954	list-style-type: lower-alpha;
955}
956
957.tutorials-list ol li {
958	margin: 0;
959}
960
961.tutorials-img {
962	border: 1px solid #787878;
963	width: 100%;
964	max-width: 700px;
965	margin: 0 0 20px;
966}
967
968/* IFAI EDIT: Small Business Center */
969.small-business-center > .col {
970	margin-bottom: 4em;
971}
972
973/* IFAI EDIT: Pagination */
974.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev {
975	float: left;
976}
977
978.wp-pagenavi .simian-next {
979	float: right;
980}
981
982.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev, .wp-pagenavi .simian-next {
983	position: relative;
984	z-index: 1;
985}
986
987@media (max-width: 768px) {
988	.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev, .wp-pagenavi .simian-next {
989		margin-bottom: 40px;
990	}
991}
992
993.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev a,
994.wp-pagenavi .simian-next a {
995	color: #fff;
996	background-color: #bb0018;
997	border-color: #bb0018;
998	text-transform: uppercase;
999	display: inline-block;
1000	margin-bottom: 0;
1001	font-weight: 400;
1002	text-align: center;
1003	vertical-align: middle;
1004	cursor: pointer;
1005	background-image: none;
1006	border: 1px solid transparent;
1007	white-space: nowrap;
1008	padding: 6px 12px;
1009	font-size: 16px;
1010	line-height: 1.428571429;
1011	border-radius: 4px;
1012}
1013
1014.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev a:focus, 
1015.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev a:hover,
1016.wp-pagenavi .simian-next a:focus, 
1017.wp-pagenavi .simian-next a:hover {
1018	text-decoration: none;
1019}
1020
1021.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev a:focus,
1022.wp-pagenavi .simian-next a:focus {
1023	background-color: #801;
1024	border-color: #3c0008;
1025}
1026
1027.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev a:hover,
1028.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev a:active,
1029.wp-pagenavi .simian-next a:hover,
1030.wp-pagenavi .simian-next a:active {
1031	background-color: #801;
1032	border-color: #7e0010;
1033}
1034
1035.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev a:active:focus, 
1036.wp-pagenavi .simian-prev a:active:hover
1037.wp-pagenavi .simian-next a:active:focus, 
1038.wp-pagenavi .simian-next a:active:hover {
1039	background-color: #64000d;
1040	border-color: #3c0008;
1041}
1042
1043/* IFAI EDIT: Join Form Member Class select */
1044.member-class-select {
1045	border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
1046}
1047
1048.member-class-select.table td {
1049	padding-top: 20px;
1050	padding-bottom: 20px;
1051	white-space: nowrap;
1052}
1053
1054.member-class-select .class-name input {
1055	margin-right: .5em;
1056}
1057
1058.member-class-select .class-divs {
1059	text-align: center;
1060}
1061
1062.member-class-select .class-dues {
1063	text-align: right;
1064}
1065
1066.member-class-select td.class-dues::before {
1067	content: '$';
1068}
1069
1070/* IFAI EDIT: Input Search */
1071form .search-group .form-control {
1072	color: #2E2F2D;
1073}
1074
1075/* IFAI EDIT: Buttons */
1076.btn-transparent-white:hover, .btn-transparent-white:focus {
1077	background-color: #fff;
1078	color: #2E2F2D;
1079}
1080
1081/** 
1082 * IFAI EDIT: Home Page Tweaks
1083 */
1084body.home .jumbotron h1 {
1085	font-size: 65px;
1086	margin-top: 1em;
1087}
1088
1089@media (max-width: 991px) {
1090	.home .jumbotron.page-title {
1091		min-height: auto;
1092	}
1093	
1094	body.home .jumbotron h1 {
1095		font-size: 50px;
1096		margin-top: 25px;
1097	}
1098}
1099
1100@media (max-width: 767px) {
1101	body.home .jumbotron h1 {
1102		font-size: 40px;
1103	}
1104}
1105
1106/* IFAI EDIT: Division cutoff hotfix */
1107#division_summary-results #popover-container {
1108	margin-bottom: 350px !important;
1109}
1110
1111/* IFAI EDIT: Simian row-flex patch */
1112.row-flex .simian {
1113}
1114
1115/* IFAI EDIT: Free Subscription forms  */
1116.free-subscription-form .top_label .gfield_label {
1117	margin: 0;
1118}
1119
1120.free-subscription-form .ginput_container {
1121	margin-bottom: 30px !important;
1122}
1123
1124.free-subscription-form  li.field_sublabel_above .ginput_complex input[type=text] {
1125	margin-bottom: 15px;
1126}
1127
1128.free-subscription-form .gform_button {
1129	display: inline-block;
1130	margin-bottom: 0;
1131	font-weight: 400;
1132	text-align: center;
1133	vertical-align: middle;
1134	cursor: pointer;
1135	background-image: none;
1136	border: 1px solid transparent;
1137	white-space: nowrap;
1138	padding: 10px 16px;
1139	font-size: 18px;
1140	line-height: 1.428571429;
1141	border-radius: 4px;
1142	color: #fff;
1143	background-color: #bb0018;
1144	border-color: #bb0018;
1145	text-transform: uppercase;
1146}
1147
1148.free-subscription-form .gform_button:hover {
1149	color: #fff;
1150	background-color: #7e0010;
1151	border-color: #7e0010;
1152}
1153
1154/* IFAI EDIT: Line Around  */
1155.line-around {
1156	text-align: center;
1157	overflow: hidden;
1158}
1159
1160.line-around span {
1161	display: inline-block;
1162	position: relative;
1163}
1164
1165.line-around span:before,
1166.line-around span:after {
1167	content: " ";
1168	position: absolute;
1169	height: 0;
1170	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
1171	top: .5em;
1172	width: 600px;
1173}
1174
1175.line-around span:before {
1176	right: 100%;
1177	margin-right: 15px;
1178}
1179
1180.line-around span:after {
1181	left: 100%;
1182	margin-left: 15px;
1183}
1184
1185/* IFAI EDIT: Footer Ad */
1186.ad-medium-rectangle-container > div {
1187	margin: auto;
1188}
1189
1190/* IFAI EDIT: Simian + Row Flex */
1191.row-flex > .simian, 
1192.row-flex > [class*=col-] > .simian {
1193	display: flex;
1194}
1195
1196/* IFAI EDIT: Events + Simian + Row Flex */
1197.simian-row-flex > [class*=col-] > .simian {
1198	width: 100%;
1199}
1200</style>
1201</head>
1202  <body class="wp-singular page-template page-template-template-all-posts page-template-template-all-posts-php page page-id-12302 wp-custom-logo wp-theme-ifai wp-child-theme-ifai-publication et_divi_builder site-geosyntheticsmagazine all-articles sidebar-primary et-pb-theme-ifai publication et-db">
1203    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
1204      <div class="alert alert-warning">
1205        You are using an <strong>outdated</strong> browser. Please <a href="http://browsehappy.com/">upgrade your browser</a> to improve your experience.      </div>
1206    <![endif]-->
1207        <!-- Header: ifai-publication/templates/header -->
1208
1209<div class="leaderboard leaderboard-header">
1210    <div class="leaderboard-container"><div class="acm-wrapper acm-tag-leaderboard_header">
1211		<div id='acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_leaderboard_top' style='width:728px; height:90px;'>
1212<script type='text/javascript'>
1213googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_leaderboard_top'); });
1214</script>
1214
1215		</div>
1216		</div></div></div>
1217    <style>
1218        .leaderboard-header {
1219            background-color: #1d2327;
1220            border-bottom: 1px solid #1d2327;
1221        }
1222    </style>
1223
1224
1225
1226<div x-data="{accountnav: false}" x-cloak id="global-nav-wrapper" class="global-nav-wrapper">
1227    <div id="global-nav" class="global-nav">
1228        <div class="global-nav-button-wrapper">
1229            <a class="ata-global-nav-link" href="https://www.textiles.org/">
1230                <img src="https://www.textiles.org/wp-content/themes/ata-avada/assets/images/globe.svg">TEXTILES.ORG
1231            </a>
1232        </div>
1233        <div class="global-nav-logo-wrapper">
1234            <a id="ata-global-nav-logo-link" href="https://www.textiles.org/">
1235                <img id="ata-global-nav-logo-gray" alt="ATA" src="https://www.textiles.org/wp-content/themes/ata-avada/assets/images/ATA_logo_gray.svg" height="30px" width="auto" style="height:30px;width:auto"/>
1236                <img id="ata-global-nav-logo-color" style="display:none" alt="ATA" src="https://www.textiles.org/wp-content/themes/ata-avada/assets/images/ATA_logo_rgb_72_rev_bug.png"/>
1237            </a>
1238        </div>
1239        <div class="global-nav-sso-wrapper">
1240                            <a class="join-ata-link logged-out-member" href="https://www.textiles.org/sso-login/?ButtonAction=join&ReturnUrl=https://netforum.textiles.org/eweb/dynamicpage.aspx?webcode=bneifaimembershipjoinrejoin">JOIN ATA</a>
1241                                        <button x-on:click="accountnav = ! accountnav" id="account-nav-menu-button" type="button" class="account-nav-menu-button">
1242                <span><img class="" alt="ATA" src="https://www.textiles.org/wp-content/themes/ata-avada/assets/images/user-with-circle.svg" height="auto" width="auto"></span>
1243            </button>
1244        </div>
1245    </div>
1246    <div x-show="accountnav" x-on:click.outside="accountnav = ! accountnav" x-collapse id="account-nav-menu" class="global-nav-menu" :class="accountnav ? '' : 'hide'">
1247        <hr class="color-grad-mini">
1248        <div class="global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background">
1249            <div class="global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper">
1250                                    <div><a href="https://www.textiles.org/sso-login/?ReturnUrl=https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/" class="sso-link-login">Log in</a></div>
1251                    <div><a class="sso-link" href="https://netforum.textiles.org/eweb/DynamicPage.aspx?webcode=bneifaicreateusracct">CREATE FREE ACCOUNT</a></div>
1252                    <div class="account-nav-menu-divider"></div>
1253                    <div><a class="sso-link" href="https://www.textiles.org/sso-login/?ButtonAction=join&ReturnUrl=https://netforum.textiles.org/eweb/dynamicpage.aspx?webcode=bneifaimembershipjoinrejoin">BECOME A MEMBER</a></div>
1254                            </div>
1255        </div>
1256    </div>
1257</div>
1258<script>
1259  (function($) {
1260      window.addEventListener('scroll', function() {
1261      if (window.scrollY > 0) {
1262          // This will happen while scrolling and not at the top of the viewport.
1263          $('#ata-global-nav-logo-gray').hide(0, function() {
1264              $('#ata-global-nav-logo-color').show(0);
1265          });
1266      } else {
1267          // This will happen while at the top of the viewport.
1268          $('#ata-global-nav-logo-color').hide(0, function() {
1269              $('#ata-global-nav-logo-gray').show(0);
1270          });
1271      }
1272  });
1273
1274//   if (document.getElementById('global-nav-menu-button')) {
1275//       document.getElementById('global-nav-menu-button').addEventListener('click', function() {
1276//           if ($('#global-nav-menu').prop('style')['display'] !== '') {
1277//               $('div#boxed-wrapper').css({'position':'fixed', 'left':'0', 'right':'0'});
1278//           } else {
1279//               $('div#boxed-wrapper').css({'position':'', 'left':'', 'right':''});
1280//           }
1281//       });
1282//   }
1283  })(jQuery);
1284</script>
1284
1285
1286<style>
1287.global-nav-wrapper {
1288    background-color:rgba(64, 64, 64, 1);
1289    height:55px;
1290    left:0px;
1291    right:0px;
1292    position:sticky;
1293    z-index:10000;
1294    top:0px
1295}
1296
1297.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav {
1298    align-items:center;
1299    color:rgba(243, 244, 246, 1);
1300    display:grid;
1301    gap:10px;
1302    grid-template-columns:repeat(12, minmax(0, 1fr));
1303    height:100%;
1304    justify-content:space-between;
1305}
1306
1307.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-button-wrapper {
1308    align-items:center;
1309    display:flex;
1310    grid-column:span 5 / span 5;
1311    height:100%;
1312    justify-content:flex-start;
1313}
1314
1315.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-button-wrapper a.ata-global-nav-link {
1316    align-items:center;
1317    background-color:#2F2F2F;
1318    color:white;
1319    display:flex;
1320    font-size:12px;
1321    height:100%;
1322    justify-content:center;
1323    padding:5px 7.5px;
1324    transition: color .2s;
1325}
1326
1327.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-button-wrapper a.ata-global-nav-link:focus, .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-button-wrapper a.ata-global-nav-link:hover {
1328    color:#fdb913;
1329    text-decoration:none;
1330}
1331
1332.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-button-wrapper a.ata-global-nav-link img {
1333    margin-right:7.5px;
1334}
1335
1336.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-logo-wrapper {
1337    display:flex;
1338    grid-column:span 2 / span 2;
1339    justify-content:center;
1340}
1341
1342.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-logo-wrapper a img#ata-global-nav-logo-gray {
1343    height:30px;
1344    margin-right:6px;
1345    width:auto;
1346}
1347
1348.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-logo-wrapper a img#ata-global-nav-logo-color {
1349    height:30px;
1350    transform: scale(1.2);
1351    width:auto;
1352}
1353
1354.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper {
1355    align-items:center;
1356    display:flex;
1357    font-size:12.5px;
1358    grid-column:span 5 / span 5;
1359    justify-content:flex-end;
1360    line-height:17.5px;
1361}
1362
1363.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link {
1364    background-color:rgba(82, 82, 82, .75);
1365    border:1px solid rgba(115, 115, 115, .75);
1366    border-radius:6px;
1367    color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);
1368    letter-spacing:0.24px;
1369    line-height:12px;
1370    padding:7.5px 10px;
1371    text-transform:uppercase;
1372    transition: background-color .2s, border .2s;
1373}
1374
1375.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link:focus, .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link:hover {
1376    background-color:rgba(115, 115, 115, .75);
1377    border:1px solid rgba(163, 163, 163, .75);
1378    text-decoration:none;
1379}
1380.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link.logged-in-member {
1381    display:hidden;
1382    font-size:8px;
1383}
1384
1385.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link.logged-out-member {
1386    font-size:10px;
1387    margin-right:5px;
1388}
1389
1390.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link {
1391    align-items:center;
1392    background-color:rgba(195, 102, 102, 0.75);
1393    border:1px solid rgba(195, 102, 102, 0.75);
1394    border-radius:6px;
1395    color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);
1396    display:inline-flex;
1397    font-size:8px;
1398    justify-content:center;
1399    letter-spacing:0.24px;
1400    line-height:12px;
1401    margin-right:5px;
1402    padding:5px 7.5px;
1403    text-transform:uppercase;
1404    transition: background-color .2s, border .2s;
1405}
1406
1407.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link img {
1408    display:none;
1409    height:16.5px;
1410    margin-right:7.5px;
1411    width:16.5px;
1412}
1413
1414.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link:focus, .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link:hover {
1415    background-color:rgba(239, 66, 35, 0.75);
1416    border:1px solid rgba(239, 66, 35, 0.75);
1417    text-decoration:none;
1418}
1419
1420.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link-gray {
1421    align-items:center;
1422    background-color:rgba(64, 64, 64, 0.75);
1423    border:1px solid rgba(115, 115, 115, 0.75);
1424    border-radius:6px;
1425    color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);
1426    display:hidden;
1427    font-size:8px;
1428    justify-content:center;
1429    letter-spacing:0.24px;
1430    line-height:12px;
1431    padding:7.5px 10px;
1432    text-transform:uppercase;
1433    transition: background-color .2s, border .2s;
1434}
1435
1436.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link-gray:focus, .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link-gray:hover {
1437    background-color:rgba(115, 115, 115, 0.75);
1438    border:1px solid rgba(163, 163, 163, 0.75);
1439    text-decoration:none;
1440}
1441
1442.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper button.account-nav-menu-button {
1443    align-items:center;
1444    background-color:transparent;
1445    border:none;
1446    display:flex;
1447    height:35px;
1448    justify-content:space-evenly;
1449    padding:5px;
1450    width:35px;
1451}
1452
1453.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper span.sso-link-divider {
1454    opacity:0.2;
1455    font-size:30px;
1456    line-height:22.5px;
1457}
1458
1459.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu {
1460    position:absolute;
1461    top:55px;
1462    right:0px;
1463}
1464
1465.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .color-grad-mini {
1466    background: linear-gradient(to right, #81C341 16%, #3A1144 16% 32%, #2F8FBC 32% 84%, #E32827 84%);
1467    border: 0;
1468    height: 10px;
1469    margin: 0px;
1470}
1471
1472.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background {
1473    background-color:rgba(229, 231, 235, 1);
1474    border-radius:0px 0px 0px 4px;
1475}
1476
1477.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper {
1478    display:grid;
1479    gap:15px;
1480    grid-template-columns:repeat(1, minmax(0, 1fr));
1481    padding:32.5px;
1482    text-align:center
1483}
1484
1485.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link-login {
1486    align-items:center;
1487    background-color:rgba(89, 33, 98, 1);
1488    border:1px solid rgba(89, 33, 98, 1);
1489    border-radius:6px;
1490    color:white;
1491    display:inline-flex;
1492    font-size:16px;
1493    justify-content:center;
1494    letter-spacing:0.24px;
1495    line-height:24px;
1496    padding:13px 29px;
1497    text-transform:uppercase;
1498    transition: background-color .2s, border .2s;
1499    width:100%;
1500}
1501
1502.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link-login:focus, .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link-login:hover {
1503    background-color:rgba(58, 18, 68, 1);
1504    border:1px solid rgba(58, 18, 68, 1);
1505    text-decoration:none;
1506}
1507
1508.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link-logout {
1509    align-items:center;
1510    background-color:#d1d5db;
1511    border:1px solid #d1d5db;
1512    border-radius:6px;
1513    color:black;
1514    display:inline-flex;
1515    font-size:16px;
1516    justify-content:center;
1517    letter-spacing:0.24px;
1518    line-height:24px;
1519    padding:13px 29px;
1520    text-transform:uppercase;
1521    transition: background-color .2s, border .2s;
1522    width:100%;
1523}
1524
1525.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link-logout:focus, .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link-logout:hover {
1526    background-color:#9ca3af;
1527    border:1px solid #9ca3af;
1528    text-decoration:none;
1529}
1530
1531.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link {
1532    display:inline-flex;
1533    font-size:13px;
1534    color:black;
1535    letter-spacing:0.24px;
1536    line-height:24px;
1537    opacity:0.48;
1538    transition: color .2s;
1539}
1540
1541.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link:focus, .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper a.sso-link:hover {
1542    color: rgba(253, 185, 19, 1);
1543    text-decoration:none;
1544}
1545
1546.global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper-background .global-nav-menu-inner-wrapper div.account-nav-menu-divider {
1547    border:0.5px dashed #707070;
1548    opacity:0.60;
1549    width:100%;
1550}
1551
1552@media (min-width: 768px) {
1553    .global-nav-wrapper {
1554        top:0px    }
1555
1556    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-button-wrapper a.ata-global-nav-link {
1557        font-size:15px;
1558        padding:5px;
1559        width:150px;
1560    }
1561
1562    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link.logged-in-member {
1563        display:inline-flex;
1564        font-size:10px;
1565        margin-right:15px;
1566    }
1567
1568    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link.logged-out-member {
1569        margin-right:15px;
1570    }
1571
1572    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link {
1573        font-size:10px;
1574        margin-right:0px;
1575    }
1576
1577    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link img {
1578        display:inline;
1579    }
1580
1581    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link-gray {
1582        display:inline-flex;
1583        font-size:10px;
1584    }
1585
1586    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper button.account-nav-menu-button {
1587        margin-left:10px;
1588        margin-right:10px;
1589    }
1590}
1591
1592@media (min-width: 1200px) {
1593    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-button-wrapper a.ata-global-nav-link {
1594        width:180px;
1595    }
1596
1597    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link.logged-in-member, .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.join-ata-link.logged-out-member {
1598        font-size:12px;
1599    }
1600
1601    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link {
1602        font-size:12px;
1603    }
1604
1605    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper a.renew-membership-link-gray {
1606        font-size:12px;
1607    }
1608
1609    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav .global-nav-sso-wrapper span.sso-link-divider {
1610        font-size:35px;
1611        line-height:25px;
1612    }
1613
1614    .global-nav-wrapper .global-nav-menu {
1615        height:auto;
1616    }
1617}
1618</style>
1619
1620<header class="banner" role="banner">
1621    <div class="container">
1622        <div class="row branding-row">
1623
1624            <div class="col-md-6">
1625                                                                            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/" class="site-logo-link" rel="home" itemprop="url">
1626                        <img class="site-logo img-responsive" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2022/08/GeoLogo_web_RGB_72.png" title="Geosynthetics Magazine" alt="logo" itemprop="logo" />
1627                    </a>
1628                            </div>
1629
1630            <div class="col-md-6 text-right">
1631                            <a class="btn btn-black btn-sm" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/issue/2026-09/">Current Issue</a>&nbsp;
1632                            <a class="btn btn-default btn-sm" href="https://www.textiles.org/geosynthetics-magazine-subscription/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Subscribe</a>&nbsp;
1633                            <a class="btn btn-default btn-sm" href="/e-newsletter" target="_blank" rel="noopener">e-newsletter</a>
1634            </div>
1635
1636        </div>
1637    </div>
1638</header>
1639<div id="sticky-navbar" style="top:0px;z-index:2;background-color:#fff;margin-bottom:10px;">
1640    <div class="container cancel-container-pad">
1641        <div id='navbar' class="row">
1642            <div id="sticky-logo" class="hide pull-left">
1643                                                                            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/" class="site-logo-link" rel="home" itemprop="url">
1644                        <img class="site-logo img-responsive" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2022/08/GeoLogo_web_RGB_72.png" title="Geosynthetics Magazine" alt="logo" itemprop="logo" />
1645                    </a>
1646                            </div>
1647            <nav class="navbar navbar-default publication-navbar">
1648                <div class="container-fluid">
1649
1650                <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
1651                <div class="navbar-header">
1652                    <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
1653                        <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
1654                        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
1655                        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
1656                        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
1657                    </button>
1658                                                                                            <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/"><img class="img-responsive" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2022/08/GeoLogo_web_RGB_72.png" title="Geosynthetics Magazine" /></a>
1659                                    </div>
1660
1661                <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
1662                <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
1663                    <div class="visible-xs visible-sm visible-md hidden-lg" style="margin-top: 16px">
1664                                            <a class="btn btn-black btn-sm" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/issue/2026-09/">Current Issue</a>&nbsp;
1665                                            <a class="btn btn-default btn-sm" href="https://www.textiles.org/geosynthetics-magazine-subscription/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Subscribe</a>&nbsp;
1666                                            <a class="btn btn-default btn-sm" href="/e-newsletter" target="_blank" rel="noopener">e-newsletter</a>
1667                    </div>
1668                    <ul id="menu-main-nav" class="nav navbar-nav large"><li id="menu-item-4068" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-4068"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/products/">Products</a></li>
1669<li id="menu-item-18710" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-18710 dropdown"><a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle" aria-haspopup="true">Case Studies <span class="caret"></span></a>
1670<ul role="menu" class="sub-menu dropdown-menu">
1671	<li id="menu-item-4067" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-4067"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/case-studies/">All Case Studies</a></li>
1672	<li id="menu-item-18709" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18709"><a target="_blank" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2025/03/24GeoCaseStudies_DigSupp_LR.pdf">2024 Case Study Guide</a></li>
1673	<li id="menu-item-18960" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18960"><a target="_blank" href="https://read.geosyntheticsmagazine.com/geoissue/library/page/trends_and_innovations_2026/Cover/">Geosynthetics Trends &#038; Innovations 2026</a></li>
1674</ul>
1675</li>
1676<li id="menu-item-12264" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-12264"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/">News</a></li>
1677<li id="menu-item-4089" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-4089 dropdown"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/events/" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle" aria-haspopup="true">Events <span class="caret"></span></a>
1678<ul role="menu" class="sub-menu dropdown-menu">
1679	<li id="menu-item-4973" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4973"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/events/">View All GMA Events</a></li>
1680	<li id="menu-item-11353" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11353"><a href="https://www.textiles.org/events/">View All ATA Events</a></li>
1681	<li id="menu-item-5183" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5183"><a target="_blank" href="https://geotechnicalfrontiers.com/">Geotechnical Frontiers</a></li>
1682	<li id="menu-item-16155" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-16155"><a target="_blank" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2023/04/0423GS_GeoRecap.pdf">Geo Conference 2023 Recap</a></li>
1683</ul>
1684</li>
1685<li id="menu-item-12774" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12774 dropdown"><a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle" aria-haspopup="true">Premier Products <span class="caret"></span></a>
1686<ul role="menu" class="sub-menu dropdown-menu">
1687	<li id="menu-item-11967" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11967"><a href="/showcase/">Premier Product Showcase</a></li>
1688</ul>
1689</li>
1690<li id="menu-item-9560" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-9560 dropdown"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/specifiers-guide-info/" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle" aria-haspopup="true">Specifier&#8217;s Guide <span class="caret"></span></a>
1691<ul role="menu" class="sub-menu dropdown-menu">
1692	<li id="menu-item-9684" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9684"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/specifiers-guide-info/">Specifier’s Guide Info</a></li>
1693	<li id="menu-item-9683" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9683"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/specifiers-guide/">Specifier&#8217;s Guide Company Directory</a></li>
1694</ul>
1695</li>
1696</ul>                    <div class="navbar-form navbar-right">
1697                        <!-- WordPress searchform: ifai/templates/searchform -->
1698<form role="search" method="get" class="search-form form-inline" action="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/">
1699  <label class="sr-only">Search for:</label>
1700  <div class="search-group">
1701    <input type="search" value="" name="s" class="search-field form-control" placeholder="Search Geo Mag" required>
1702     <button type="submit" class="search-submit btn btn-link"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search" aria-hidden="true"></span></button>
1703  </div>
1704</form>
1705                    </div>
1706                </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
1707
1708                </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
1709            </nav>
1710        </div>
1711
1712    </div>
1713</div>
1714
1715<style>
1716    @media (max-width: 767px) {
1717        #bs-example-navbar-collapse-1 a {
1718            width: 100%;
1719        }
1720    }
1721    #pub-pop-up-ad .pub-pop-up-ad-bg-image {
1722        background-image: url("")
1723    }
1724    #pub-pop-up-ad .pub-pop-up-ad-background {
1725        align-items: center;
1726        background-color: rgba(0,0,0,.7);
1727        display: flex;
1728        height: 100vh;
1729        justify-content: center;
1730        left: 0;
1731        position: fixed;
1732        top: 0;
1733        width: 100vw;
1734        z-index: 1000;
1735    }
1736    #pub-pop-up-ad .pub-pop-up-ad {
1737        background-position: center;
1738        background-repeat: no-repeat;
1739        background-size: contain;
1740        height: 800px;
1741        position: relative;
1742        width: 1200px;
1743        z-index: 1001;
1744    }
1745    #pub-pop-up-ad .cta-btn {
1746        height: auto;
1747        left: ;
1748        position: absolute;
1749        top: ;
1750        width: auto;
1751        z-index: 1002;
1752    }
1753    #pub-pop-up-ad .close-btn {
1754        color: #fff;
1755        font-size: 2em;
1756        height: auto;
1757        position: absolute;
1758        left: ;
1759        top: ;
1760        width: auto;
1761        z-index: 1002;
1762    }
1763</style>
1764
1765<!-- Hero: ifai/templates/hero -->
1766
1767    <div id='jumbotron' class="jumbotron page-title ">
1768    <div class="overlay"></div>
1769        <div class="container">
1770            <h1>All Articles</h1>        </div>
1771    </div>
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776                    <div class="wrap container" role="document">
1777                    <div class="content row">
1778
1779                <main class="main" role="main">
1780                
1781<div class="row">
1782    <div class="col-lg-3">
1783        <!-- Posts sidebar: ifai-publication/templates/sidebar-posts -->
1784  
1785
1786<div class="sfr">
1787    <div id="sfr-category-list">
1788        <div class="title title-div hide">
1789            <div>Categories</div><span class="hide"><img alt="Filter Icon" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/dist/images/red-filter-icon.png" /></span>
1790        </div>
1791        <div class="title title-a hide">
1792            <a href="#category-list" data-toggle="collapse" style="display:flex;justify-content: space-between; align-items: center"><div>Categories</div><span class=""><img alt="Filter Icon" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/dist/images/red-filter-icon.png" /></span></a>
1793        </div>
1794        <div id="category-list" class="collapse">
1795            <li class="cat-item current-cat">
1796                <a href="/all-articles/">All Articles</a>
1797            </li>
1798            	<li class="cat-item cat-item-916"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/awards/">Awards</a>
1799</li>
1800	<li class="cat-item cat-item-11764"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/business/">Business</a>
1801</li>
1802	<li class="cat-item cat-item-2"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/case-studies/">Case Studies</a>
1803</li>
1804	<li class="cat-item cat-item-8405"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/ectc-news/">ECTC News</a>
1805</li>
1806	<li class="cat-item cat-item-7380"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/events/">Events</a>
1807</li>
1808	<li class="cat-item cat-item-918"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/event-news/">Events</a>
1809</li>
1810	<li class="cat-item cat-item-7377"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/expo-news/">Expo News</a>
1811</li>
1812	<li class="cat-item cat-item-6"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/features/">Features</a>
1813</li>
1814	<li class="cat-item cat-item-11012"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/fgi-news/">FGI News</a>
1815</li>
1816	<li class="cat-item cat-item-2236"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/ifai-expo-news/">IFAI Expo News</a>
1817</li>
1818	<li class="cat-item cat-item-10971"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/letters-to-the-editor/">Letters to the Editor</a>
1819</li>
1820	<li class="cat-item cat-item-10457"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/markets/">Markets</a>
1821</li>
1822	<li class="cat-item cat-item-29"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/">News</a>
1823</li>
1824	<li class="cat-item cat-item-5959"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/premier-product-preview/">Premier Product Preview</a>
1825</li>
1826	<li class="cat-item cat-item-8"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/products/">Products</a>
1827</li>
1828	<li class="cat-item cat-item-11772"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/projects/">Projects</a>
1829</li>
1830	<li class="cat-item cat-item-28"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/gma-techline/">Q&amp;A: GMA Techline</a>
1831</li>
1832	<li class="cat-item cat-item-8273"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/update/">Update</a>
1833</li>
1834        </div>
1835    </div>
1836</div>
1837    </div>
1838    <div class="col-lg-9">
1839                                    <div class="row sfr">
1840                <div class="col-xs-12">
1841                    <div id="featured-posts-carousel" class="carousel slide ifai-grid-flex" data-ride="carousel">
1842                        <ol class="carousel-indicators">
1843                                                                                    <li data-target="#featured-posts-carousel" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
1844                                                                                                                <li data-target="#featured-posts-carousel" data-slide-to="1" class=""></li>
1845                                                                                                                <li data-target="#featured-posts-carousel" data-slide-to="2" class=""></li>
1846                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    </ol>
1847                        <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox">
1848                                                                                            <div class="item active" style="background-image: url('https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2026/09/Alzamora-roadway-Koerner.png');">
1849                                    <div class="content row justify-content-center align-items-center align-content-center text-center no-gutters">
1850                                                                                <div class="post-title w-75">Role of geosynthetic interlayers in modern roadway systems</div>
1851                                        <div class="post-excerpt w-75">Geosynthetic interlayers are increasingly being utilized to extend the pavement lifespan and performance. Interlayers are placed between asphalt layers to provide reinforcement, stress relief and moisture protection.</div>
1852                                        <div class="read-more-link w-75">
1853                                            <a class="btn btn-default" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/23/role-of-geosynthetic-interlayers-in-modern-roadway-systems/">Read More</a>
1854                                        </div>
1855                                    </div>
1856                                    <div class="content-overlay"></div>
1857                                </div>
1858                                                                                                                            <div class="item " style="background-image: url('');">
1859                                    <div class="content row justify-content-center align-items-center align-content-center text-center no-gutters">
1860                                                                                <div class="post-title w-75">Naue joins the Eurasia Critical Minerals Organisation</div>
1861                                        <div class="post-excerpt w-75">Naue has joined the Eurasia Critical Minerals Organisation (ECMO), a move the company says will strengthen its engagement with the mining and critical minerals sector across Central Asia.</div>
1862                                        <div class="read-more-link w-75">
1863                                            <a class="btn btn-default" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/21/naue-joins-the-eurasia-critical-minerals-organisation/">Read More</a>
1864                                        </div>
1865                                    </div>
1866                                    <div class="content-overlay"></div>
1867                                </div>
1868                                                                                                                            <div class="item " style="background-image: url('');">
1869                                    <div class="content row justify-content-center align-items-center align-content-center text-center no-gutters">
1870                                                                                <div class="post-title w-75">$2.5 billion loan will fund Alabama&#8217;
1870s biggest infrastructure project</div>
1871                                        <div class="post-excerpt w-75">U.S. Transportation Secretary Sean P. Duffy announced Friday that the Alabama Toll Road, Bridge and Tunnel Authority will receive a Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA) loan of up to $2.52 billion from the Build America Bureau.</div>
1872                                        <div class="read-more-link w-75">
1873                                            <a class="btn btn-default" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/18/2-5-billion-loan-will-fund-alabamas-biggest-infrastructure-project/">Read More</a>
1874                                        </div>
1875                                    </div>
1876                                    <div class="content-overlay"></div>
1877                                </div>
1878                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            </div>
1879                        <a class="left carousel-control" href="#featured-posts-carousel" role="button" data-slide="prev">
1880                            <i class="fa fa-chevron-left arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></i>
1881                            <!-- <img alt="Backwards Arrow" height="auto" src="/arrow-backward.svg" width="100%" /> -->
1882                            <span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
1883                        </a>
1884                        <a class="right carousel-control" href="#featured-posts-carousel" role="button" data-slide="next">
1885                            <i class="fa fa-chevron-right arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></i>
1886                            <!-- <img alt="Forwards Arrow" height="auto" src="/arrow-forward.svg" width="100%" /> -->
1887                            <span class="sr-only">Next</span>
1888                        </a>
1889                    </div>
1890                </div>
1891            </div>
1892                        <div class="row sfr">
1893                                                                                                    <div class="col-md-6">
1894                        <!-- WordPress Post: ifai-publication/templates/content -->
1895<article class="panel panel-ifai panel-news post-20580 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-news tag-naue">
1896    <div class="article-top-border"></div>
1897    <div class="panel-body">
1898        
1899        
1900        <h5 class="panel-title">Naue joins the Eurasia Critical Minerals Organisation</h5>
1901        <p class="date">
1902        September 21, 2026&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a>        </p>
1903        <div class="entry-summary">
1904            Naue has joined the Eurasia Critical Minerals Organisation (ECMO), a move the company says will strengthen its engagement with the mining and critical minerals sector across Central Asia.        </div>
1905        <div class="read-more-link">
1906            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/21/naue-joins-the-eurasia-critical-minerals-organisation/">Read More</a>
1907        </div>
1908    </div>
1909</article>                    </div>
1910                                                                                <div class="col-md-6">
1911                        <!-- WordPress Post: ifai-publication/templates/content -->
1912<article class="panel panel-ifai panel-news post-20579 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-news">
1913    <div class="article-top-border"></div>
1914    <div class="panel-body">
1915        
1916        
1917        <h5 class="panel-title">$2.5 billion loan will fund Alabama&#8217;
1917s biggest infrastructure project</h5>
1918        <p class="date">
1919        September 18, 2026&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a>        </p>
1920        <div class="entry-summary">
1921            U.S. Transportation Secretary Sean P. Duffy announced Friday that the Alabama Toll Road, Bridge and Tunnel Authority will receive a Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA) loan of up to $2.52 billion from the Build America Bureau.        </div>
1922        <div class="read-more-link">
1923            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/18/2-5-billion-loan-will-fund-alabamas-biggest-infrastructure-project/">Read More</a>
1924        </div>
1925    </div>
1926</article>                    </div>
1927                                                            <div class="clearfix visible-md visible-lg visible-xl"></div>                    <div class="col-md-6">
1928                        <!-- WordPress Post: ifai-publication/templates/content -->
1929<article class="panel panel-ifai panel-news post-20553 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news tag-aashto">
1930    <div class="article-top-border"></div>
1931    <div class="panel-body">
1932        
1933        
1934        <h5 class="panel-title">AASHTO reveals Top 12 America’s Transportation Awards Finalists</h5>
1935        <p class="date">
1936        September 17, 2026&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a>        </p>
1937        <div class="entry-summary">
1938            The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials has unveiled the Top 12 finalists for the 2026 America’s Transportation Awards.        </div>
1939        <div class="read-more-link">
1940            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/17/aashto-reveals-top-12-americas-transportation-awards-finalists/">Read More</a>
1941        </div>
1942    </div>
1943</article>                    </div>
1944                                                                                <div class="col-md-6">
1945                        <!-- WordPress Post: ifai-publication/templates/content -->
1946<article class="panel panel-ifai panel-news post-20552 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-news tag-deep-foundations-institute-dfi">
1947    <div class="article-top-border"></div>
1948    <div class="panel-body">
1949        
1950        
1951        <h5 class="panel-title">DFI announces winners of the 2026 Student Paper Competition</h5>
1952        <p class="date">
1953        September 16, 2026&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a>        </p>
1954        <div class="entry-summary">
1955            Camilo Quiceno-Toro has been named the winner of the DFI Student Paper Competition         </div>
1956        <div class="read-more-link">
1957            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/16/dfi-announces-winners-of-the-2026-student-paper-competition/">Read More</a>
1958        </div>
1959    </div>
1960</article>                    </div>
1961                                                            <div class="clearfix visible-md visible-lg visible-xl"></div>                    <div class="col-md-6">
1962                        <!-- WordPress Post: ifai-publication/templates/content -->
1963<article class="panel panel-ifai panel-news post-20556 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-features tag-geogrids tag-geosynthetics tag-geotextiles tag-roadway issue-2026-09">
1964    <div class="article-top-border"></div>
1965    <div class="panel-body">
1966        
1967        
1968        <h5 class="panel-title">Using geosynthetics to mitigate roadway edge failures at complex sites</h5>
1969        <p class="date">
1970        September 15, 2026&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/features/" rel="category tag">Features</a>        </p>
1971        <div class="entry-summary">
1972            Geosynthetics can in many cases offer a cost effective and sustainable solution that could typically be designed and constructed faster with a shorter construction window reducing the downtime for the road.         </div>
1973        <div class="read-more-link">
1974            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/15/using-geosynthetics-to-mitigate-roadway-edge-failures-at-complex-sites/">Read More</a>
1975        </div>
1976    </div>
1977</article>                    </div>
1978                                                                                <div class="col-md-6">
1979                        <!-- WordPress Post: ifai-publication/templates/content -->
1980<article class="panel panel-ifai panel-news post-20551 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-news tag-asce-
1980american-society-of-civil-engineers">
1981    <div class="article-top-border"></div>
1982    <div class="panel-body">
1983        
1984        
1985        <h5 class="panel-title">ASCE2027 registration open</h5>
1986        <p class="date">
1987        September 14, 2026&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a>        </p>
1988        <div class="entry-summary">
1989            The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) has opened registration for ASCE2027: The Infrastructure and Engineering Experience, March 1-5, 2027, in Philadelphia.        </div>
1990        <div class="read-more-link">
1991            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/14/asce2027-registration-open/">Read More</a>
1992        </div>
1993    </div>
1994</article>                    </div>
1995                                                            <div class="clearfix visible-md visible-lg visible-xl"></div>                    <div class="col-md-6">
1996                        <!-- WordPress Post: ifai-publication/templates/content -->
1997<article class="panel panel-ifai panel-news post-20550 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-news tag-deep-foundations-institite">
1998    <div class="article-top-border"></div>
1999    <div class="panel-body">
2000        
2001        
2002        <h5 class="panel-title">DFI announces winner of the 2026 Young Professor Paper Competition</h5>
2003        <p class="date">
2004        September 10, 2026&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a>        </p>
2005        <div class="entry-summary">
2006            Aser Abbas, Ph.D., P.E., University of Rhode Island, is the winner of the DFI Young Professor Paper Competition.        </div>
2007        <div class="read-more-link">
2008            <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/2026/09/10/dfi-2026-young-professor-paper-competition/">Read More</a>
2009        </div>
2010    </div>
2011</article>                    </div>
2012                                                                                <div class="col-md-6">
2013                        <!-- WordPress Post: ifai-publication/templates/content -->
2014<article class="panel panel-ifai panel-news post-20566 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-ata-news category-news">
2015    <div class="article-top-border"></div>
2016    <div class="panel-body">
2017        
2018        
2019        <h5 class="panel-title">ATA announces volunteer award winners, call for board candidates results</h5>
2020        <p class="date">
2021        September 9, 2026&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/ata-news/" rel="category tag">ATA News</a>, <a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a>        </p>
2022        <div class="entry-summary">
2023            Advanced Textiles Association (ATA) announced the 2026 recipients of the Outstanding Volunteer Award and the results of the call for board candidates at the Annual Meeting and Advanced Textiles Expo Preview webinar, Sept. 9. Outstanding Volunteer Award winners The Outstanding Volunteer Award program&hellip;        </div>
2024        <div class="read-more-link">
2025            <a href="https://specialtyfabricsreview.com/2026/09/09/ata-5/">Read More</a>
2026        </div>
2027    </div>
2028</article>                    </div>
2029                                        </div>
2030        <div class='text-center'>
2031                        
2032	<nav class="navigation pagination" aria-label="Posts pagination">
2033		<h2 class="screen-reader-text">Posts pagination</h2>
2034		<div class="nav-links"><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current">1</span>
2035<a class="page-numbers" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/page/2/">2</a>
2036<a class="page-numbers" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/page/3/">3</a>
2037<a class="page-numbers" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/page/4/">4</a>
2038<a class="page-numbers" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/page/5/">5</a>
2039<span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span>
2040<a class="page-numbers" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/page/547/">547</a>
2041<a class="next page-numbers" href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/all-articles/page/2/"><span class="post-name">Older Posts</span>&nbsp;<i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i></a></div>
2042	</nav>                    </div>
2043    </div>
2044</div>                </main>
2045
2046                                <aside class="sidebar" role="complementary">
2047                    <!-- Sidebar: ifai/templates/sidebar -->
2048<section class="widget acm_ad_zones-4 acm_ad_zones"><div class="acm-wrapper acm-tag-wide_skyscraper">
2049		<div id='acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_wide_skyscraper1' style='width:160px; height:600px;'>
2050<script type='text/javascript'>
2051googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_wide_skyscraper1'); });
2052</script>
2052
2053		</div>
2054		</div></section>                </aside>
2055                
2056            </div>
2057        </div>
2058    
2059    
2060    <!-- Cookies alert: ifai/templates/alert-cookies -->
2061<div id="ifaiCookiesNotification" class="alert alert-cookies alert-dismissible hidden ifai-grid-flex">
2062    <div class="container">
2063        <div class="row">
2064            <div class="col-12 col-md-7 col-lg-8 col-xl-9">
2065                ATA does not sell customer lists or your personal data. By continuing to use this site, you are agreeing to abide by ATA’s <a class="underline" href="https://textiles.org/tos/">Terms of Service</a> and our use of Cookies.
2066            </div>
2067            <div class="col-12 col-md-5 col-lg-4 col-xl-3">
2068                <div class="row h-100 align-items-center">
2069                    <div class="col-12 col-md-6 my-3 my-md-0 order-1 order-md-2">
2070                        <button type="button" class="btn btn-green btn-sm w-100" data-dismiss="alert">Agree</button>
2071                    </div>
2072                    <div class="col-12 col-md-6 order-2 order-md-1">
2073                        <a href="https://textiles.org/privacy/" class="btn btn-transparent btn-sm w-100">Privacy Policy</a>
2074                    </div>
2075                </div>
2076            </div>
2077        </div>
2078    </div>
2079</div>
2080<!-- Footer: ifai/templates/footer -->
2081
2082
2083<footer class="content-info ifai-footer ifai-footer--dark" role="contentinfo">
2084
2085                        <!-- Widget Area: "Footer: Before" -->
2086            <div class="ifai-footer__before ifai-footer__before--dark">
2087                <div id="custom_html-5" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><!-- Widget: Working Together to Advance the Industry --><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div class="newsletter-signup-section ifai-footer-learn">
2088<div class="container text-center">
2089
2090<h1 class="footer-title">Working Together to Advance the Industry</h1>
2091<h1 class="footer-title footer-title-landing">Connect. Educate. Advocate.</h1>
2092
2093<p>Geosynthetics Magazine is a publication of Advanced Textiles Association®</p>
2094
2095<p>&nbsp;</p>
2096
2097<a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/about/" class="btn btn-transparent-white">Learn More About ATA</a> &nbsp; 
2098
2099<a target="_blank" href="/e-newsletter/" class="btn btn-transparent-white"><i class="fa fa-envelope-o">&nbsp;</i> Sign up for e-newsletter</a>
2100
2101</div>
2102</div></div></div>            </div>
2103            
2104    <hr class="ifai-footer__hr-color hr-color" />
2105
2106    <div class="ifai-footer__main ifai-footer__main--dark">
2107        <div class="container">
2108            <div class="row">
2109
2110                <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-2 ifai-footer__copyright-wrap">
2111                <div class="row">
2112                    <p class="col-sm-2 col-md-12">
2113                        <a href="https://www.textiles.org/" target="_blank"><img style="max-height: 60px" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai/dist/images/ATA_logo_rgb_72_rev_bug.png" /></a>
2114                    </p>
2115                    <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-md-12 ifai-footer__copyright-text ifai-footer__copyright-text--small">
2116                        <p>Copyright © 2026 Advanced Textiles Association. All rights reserved.</p>
2117                        <div class="ifai-footer__copyright">
2118                                                    <!-- Widget Area: "Footer: Copyright" -->
2119                            <div id="block-6" class="widget widget_block widget_text">
2120<p class="wp-block-paragraph">1801 County Road B W, Suite 100<br>Roseville, MN 55113-4052, USA</p>
2121</div><div id="block-7" class="widget widget_block widget_text">
2122<p class="wp-block-paragraph">651 222 2508 or 800 225 4324</p>
2123</div><div id="block-9" class="widget widget_block widget_text">
2124<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://www.ifai.com/tos/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Terms of Service</a><br><a href="https://www.textiles.org/privacy/" data-type="link" data-id="https://www.textiles.org/privacy/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Privacy Policy</a></p>
2125</div>                                                </div>
2126                    </div>
2127                </div>
2128                </div>
2129
2130                <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-10 ifai-footer__menu-wrap">
2131                <!-- Menu Location: "Footer Navigation" -->
2132                <div class="menu-footer-nav-container"><ul id="menu-footer-nav" class="ifai-footer__menu menu-row-xs-1 menu-row-sm-5"><li id="menu-item-4095" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-4095"><a>Publications</a>
2133<ul class="sub-menu">
2134	<li id="menu-item-4096" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4096"><a target="_blank" href="https://specialtyfabricsreview.com/">Specialty Fabrics Review</a></li>
2135	<li id="menu-item-4097" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-4097"><a href="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/">Geosynthetics</a></li>
2136	<li id="menu-item-4098" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4098"><a target="_blank" href="https://intentsmag.com/">InTents</a></li>
2137	<li id="menu-item-4099" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4099"><a target="_blank" href="https://marinefabricatormag.com/">Marine Fabricator</a></li>
2138	<li id="menu-item-4100" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4100"><a target="_blank" href="https://advancedtextilessource.com/">Advanced Textiles Source</a></li>
2139	<li id="menu-item-4101" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4101"><a target="_blank" href="https://fabricarchitecturemag.com/">Fabric Architecture</a></li>
2140</ul>
2141</li>
2142<li id="menu-item-4102" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-4102"><a>Company</a>
2143<ul class="sub-menu">
2144	<li id="menu-item-4103" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4103"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/about">About ATA</a></li>
2145	<li id="menu-item-4104" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4104"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/events">Events</a></li>
2146	<li id="menu-item-4105" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4105"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/divisions">Divisions</a></li>
2147	<li id="menu-item-4106" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4106"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/publications">Publications</a></li>
2148</ul>
2149</li>
2150<li id="menu-item-4107" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-4107"><a>Support</a>
2151<ul class="sub-menu">
2152	<li id="menu-item-4108" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4108"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/contact">Contact</a></li>
2153	<li id="menu-item-4109" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4109"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/advertise/">Advertise</a></li>
2154</ul>
2155</li>
2156<li id="menu-item-4111" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-4111"><a href="https://%20">Membership</a>
2157<ul class="sub-menu">
2158	<li id="menu-item-4112" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4112"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/membership/member-benefits/">Member Benefits</a></li>
2159	<li id="menu-item-4113" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4113"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/membership/member-directory/">Member Directory</a></li>
2160	<li id="menu-item-4114" class="ifai-footer-nav-btn menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4114"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/membership/join/">Join ATA Today</a></li>
2161</ul>
2162</li>
2163<li id="menu-item-12351" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12351"><a href="https://www.textiles.org/covid-19/">Covid-19 Resource Center</a></li>
2164<li id="menu-item-5182" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-5182"><a target="_blank" href="https://geotechnicalfrontiers.com/">Geotechnical Frontiers</a></li>
2165</ul></div>                </div>
2166
2167            </div>
2168        </div>
2169    </div>
2170
2171                                        <!-- Widget Area: "Footer: After" -->
2172                <div class="ifai-footer__after ifai-footer__after--dark">
2173                    <div id="custom_html-4" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><!-- Widget: Join &#038; Social buttons --><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div class="after-footer">
2174<div class="container">
2175<div class="row">
2176<div class="col-md-8">
2177
2178<span class="hidden-md">
2179Become a member today and get discounted pricing on registration
2180
2181&nbsp; &nbsp;
2182</span>
2183
2184<a class="btn-default btn-sm btn btn-inline" target="_blank" href="https://www.textiles.org/membership/dues/">Join ATA Today</a>
2185
2186</div>
2187<div class="social-media col-md-4 text-right">
2188
2189<span class="hidden-md">
2190Connect  &nbsp; &nbsp;
2191</span>
2192
2193<a
2194href="https://www.facebook.com/Geosyntheticsmagazine"
2195class="btn-facebook btn"
2196target="_blank"
2197alt="Facebook"
2198title="Follow us on Facebook">
2199 <i class="fa fa-facebook fa-fw"></i>
2200</a>
2201
2202<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/advanced-textiles-association" class="btn-linkedin btn btn-inline" target="_blank" alt="Linked In" title="Follow us on LinkedIn"><i class="fa fa-linkedin fa-fw"></i></a>
2203
2204<a href="https://www.instagram.com/geosyntheticsmagazine/" class="btn-instagram btn btn-inline" target="_blank" alt="Instagram" title="Follow us on Instagram"><i class="fa fa-instagram fa-fw"></i></a>
2205
2206<a href="https://vimeo.com/atatextiles" class="btn-vimeo btn btn-inline" target="_blank" alt="Vimeo" title="Watch us on Vimeo"><i class="fa fa-vimeo fa-fw"></i></a>
2207
2208</div>
2209</div>
2210</div>
2211</div></div></div><div id="acm_ad_zones-7" class="widget acm_ad_zones"><!-- Widget: Footer Ad --><div class="acm-wrapper acm-tag-leaderboard_footer">
2212		<div id='acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_footer' style='width:728px; height:90px;'>
2213<script type='text/javascript'>
2214googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('acm-ad-tag-Geosynthetics_footer'); });
2215</script>
2215
2216		</div>
2217		</div></div>                </div>
2218                        </footer>
2219
2220<!-- RealMagnet Tracking Code -->
2221<!-- End RealMagnet Tracking Code -->
2222
2223<style>
2224#membership-expiration-status {
2225    background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
2226    border-radius: 6px 0px 0px 6px;
2227    bottom: 100px;
2228    box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgb(180, 180, 180);
2229    position: fixed;
2230    right: -500px;
2231    z-index: 10;
2232}
2233#membership-expiration-status .mes-content {
2234    display: flex;
2235    flex-direction: column;
2236    padding: 8px 16px 16px 16px;
2237}
2238#membership-expiration-status .mes-content #mes-text {
2239    font-size: 20px;
2240}
2241#membership-expiration-status .mes-content #mes-close-btn .close-btn {
2242    color: #4d4c4c;
2243    font-size: 24px;
2244}
2245</style>
2246
2247    <iframe style="display:none" src="https://netforum.textiles.org/eweb/"></iframe>
2248
2249<script>
2250    feather.replace()
2251</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2251
2251
2252<script type="speculationrules">
2253{"prefetch":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["/wp-*.php","/wp-admin/*","/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/*","/wp-content/*","/wp-content/plugins/*","/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/*","/wp-content/themes/ifai/*","/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prefetch, .no-prefetch a"}}]},"eagerness":"conservative"}]}
2254</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2254
2254
2255<script>function loadScript(a){var b=document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0],c=document.createElement("script");c.type="text/javascript",c.src="https://tracker.metricool.com/resources/be.js",c.onreadystatechange=a,c.onload=a,b.appendChild(c)}loadScript(function(){beTracker.t({hash:"27c92510db9866cbf849013cb949167d"})});</script>
2255<script>adroll_adv_id = "UFJYR354VVA5VO5BEGC6NX"; adroll_pix_id = "YXOY4NP4N5HSJHA3G73Q7X"; adroll_version = "2.0";  (function(w, d, e, o, a) { w.adroll_tag_source = w.adroll_tag_source || "manual"; w.__adroll_loaded = true; w.adroll = w.adroll || []; w.adroll.f = [ 'setProperties', 'identify', 'track', 'identify_email', 'get_cookie' ]; var roundtripUrl = "https://s.adroll.com/j/" + adroll_adv_id + "/roundtrip.js"; for (a = 0; a < w.adroll.f.length; a++) { w.adroll[w.adroll.f[a]] = w.adroll[w.adroll.f[a]] || (function(n) { return function() { w.adroll.push([ n, arguments ]) } })(w.adroll.f[a]) }  e = d.createElement('script'); o = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; e.async = 1; e.src = roundtripUrl; o.parentNode.insertBefore(e, o); })(window, document); adroll.track("pageView");</script>
2255		<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) snippet added by Site Kit -->
vendor: 74 bytes, lines 2255-2257
2255
2256		<noscript>
2257			<iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=
2257GTM-TK9R72M
vendor: 88 bytes, lines 2257-2259
2257" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe>
2258		</noscript>
2259		
2259<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) snippet added by Site Kit -->
2260		
2260<script id="getwid-blocks-frontend-js-js-extra">
2261var Getwid = {"settings":[],"ajax_url":"https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","isRTL":"","nonces":{"contact_form":"64540897cb"}};
2262//# sourceURL=getwid-blocks-frontend-js-js-extra
2263</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2263
2263
2264<script id="getwid-blocks-frontend-js-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/assets/js/frontend.blocks.js?ver=2.2.0"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2264
2264
2265<script id="divi-builder-custom-script-js-extra">
2266var et_builder_utils_params = {"condition":{"diviTheme":false,"extraTheme":false},"scrollLocations":["app","top"],"builderScrollLocations":{"desktop":"app","tablet":"app","phone":"app"},"onloadScrollLocation":"app","builderType":"fe"};
2267var et_frontend_scripts = {"builderCssContainerPrefix":"#et-boc","builderCssLayoutPrefix":"#et-boc .et-l"};
2268var et_pb_custom = {"ajaxurl":"https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","images_uri":"https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai/images","builder_images_uri":"https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/divi-builder/includes/builder/images","et_frontend_nonce":"4732ca3355","subscription_failed":"Please, check the fields below to make sure you entered the correct information.","et_ab_log_nonce":"c64cc1e7cb","fill_message":"Please, fill in the following fields:","contact_error_message":"Please, fix the following errors:","invalid":"Invalid email","captcha":"Captcha","prev":"Prev","previous":"Previous","next":"Next","wrong_captcha":"You entered the wrong number in captcha.","wrong_checkbox":"Checkbox","ignore_waypoints":"no","is_divi_theme_used":"","widget_search_selector":".widget_search","ab_tests":[],"is_ab_testing_active":"","page_id":"12302","unique_test_id":"","ab_bounce_rate":"5","is_cache_plugin_active":"yes","is_shortcode_tracking":"","tinymce_uri":"https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/divi-builder/includes/builder/frontend-builder/assets/vendors","accent_color":"#7EBEC5","waypoints_options":[]};
2269var et_pb_box_shadow_elements = [];
2270//# sourceURL=divi-builder-custom-script-js-extra
2271</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2271
2271
2272<script id="divi-builder-custom-script-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/divi-builder/js/scripts.min.js?ver=4.20.4"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2272
2272
2273<script id="IFAI\Plugin\Modules\Shortcodes\GetCategoryList-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/ifai-module-kit/src/assets/scripts/Shortcodes/GetCategoryList.js?ver=7.0.5"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2273
2273
2274<script id="imagesloaded-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-includes/js/imagesloaded.min.js?ver=5.0.0"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2274
2274
2275<script id="masonry-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-includes/js/masonry.min.js?ver=4.2.2"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2275
2275
2276<script id="IFAI\Plugin\Modules\Publication\Masonry-js-extra">
2277var ajaxpagination = {"ajaxurl":"https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-json/ifai/v1/pub-masonry","query_vars":{"page":"","pagename":"all-articles"}};
2278//# sourceURL=IFAI%5CPlugin%5CModules%5CPublication%5CMasonry-js-extra
2279</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2279
2279
2280<script id="IFAI\Plugin\Modules\Publication\Masonry-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/ifai-module-kit/src/assets/scripts/Masonry.js?ver=7.0.5"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2280
2280
2281<script id="et-core-common-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/plugins/divi-builder/core/admin/js/common.js?ver=4.20.4"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2281
2281
2282<script id="modernizr-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/dist/scripts/modernizr-8895641e34.js"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2282
2282
2283<script id="chosen-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/dist/scripts/chosen-c16013f33e.js"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2283
2283
2284<script id="lightslider-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/dist/scripts/lightslider.js"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2284
2284
2285<script id="ata-alpinejs-main-js" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/cdn.min.js?ver=1790312203"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2285
2285
2286<script id="sage/js-js-extra">
2287var _ifai = {"ajaxurl":"https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"};
2288//# sourceURL=sage%2Fjs-js-extra
2289</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2289
2289
2290<script id="sage/js-js" src="https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-content/themes/ifai-publication/dist/scripts/main-6afbfb611d.js"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2290
2290
2291<script id="wp-emoji-settings" type="application/json">
2292{"baseUrl":"https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/72x72/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/svg/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=7.0.5"}}
2293</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2293
2293
2294<script type="module">
2295/*! This file is auto-generated */
2296var e="script#wp-emoji-settings",t=document.querySelector(e);if(!(t instanceof HTMLScriptElement))throw new Error("Element missing: "+e);const r=JSON.parse(t.text),s=(window._wpemojiSettings=r,"wpEmojiSettingsSupports"),o=["flag","emoji"];function i(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(s,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function c(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0);const r=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);return t.every((e,t)=>e===r[t])}function p(e,t){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var n=e.getImageData(16,16,1,1);for(let e=0;e<n.data.length;e++)if(0!==n.data[e])return!1;return!0}function u(e,t,n,r){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf6","\ud83c\udde8\u200b\ud83c\uddf6")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!r(e,"\ud83e\u1fac8")}return!1}function f(e,t,n,r){let a;const s=(a="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):document.createElement("canvas")).getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(s.textBaseline="top",s.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(e=>{o[e]=t(s,e,n,r)}),o}function a(e){var t=document.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,document.head.appendChild(t)}r.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},new Promise(t=>{let n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(s));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(o),u.toString(),c.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"});const a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=e=>{i(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}i(n=f(o,u,c,p))}t(n)}).then(e=>{for(const n in e)r.supports[n]=e[n],r.supports.everything=r.supports.everything&&r.supports[n],"flag"!==n&&(r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&r.supports[n]);var t;r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!r.supports.flag,r.supports.everything||((t=r.source||{}).concatemoji?a(t.concatemoji):t.wpemoji&&t.twemoji&&(a(t.twemoji),a(t.wpemoji)))});
2297//# sourceURL=https://geosyntheticsmagazine.com/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-loader.min.js
2298</script>
2298
2299      </body>
2300</html>

Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.