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234 <span class="author-meta"> 235 <i class="las la-user"></i> 236 <span class="author-meta-by">By</span> 237 <a href="https://freegistutorial.com/author/dhaniekonugroho/"> 238 admin </a> 239 </span> 240 <span class="comments-meta"> 241 <i class="la la-comments-o"></i> 242 <a href="https://freegistutorial.com/arcgis-pro-python-script-drillhole-traces-csv/#comments" rel="nofollow" title="Comment on How to Create an ArcGIS Pro Python Script to Generate Drillhole Traces from CSV"> 243 0 </a> 244 </span> 245 </div> 246 <div id="header-image-arrow"> 247 <a href="#entry-content"><span></span></a> 248 </div> 249 </header> 250 </div> 251 <div id="site-content" class="container main-container" role="main"> 252 <div id="entry-content" class="page-area"> 253 254 255<!-- start content container --> 256<div class="row single-post"> 257 <article class="col-md-9"> 258 259 <div class="single-post-content post-4778 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-arcgis category-programming tag-arcgis-pro tag-arcgis-pro-tutorial tag-csv tag-drillhole tag-geodatabase tag-python"> 260 <div id="entry-content" class="single-content"> 261 <div class="single-entry-summary"> 262 263 <div class='code-block code-block-1' style='margin: 8px auto; text-align: center; display: block; clear: both;'>
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274</div> 275<p>If you work in mineral exploration or geotechnical mapping, you already know how tedious it is to manually digitize drillhole traces in ArcGIS Pro one by one. The good news is that ArcGIS Pro’s built-in <code>arcpy</code> module lets you automate the entire process: read collar coordinates and survey data (azimuth, dip, and depth) straight from a CSV file, then generate 3D polyline features representing each drillhole trace in a single script run.</p> 276<p>In this tutorial, we’ll build a simple Python script that reads a CSV file containing drillhole collar location, azimuth, dip, and depth, then calculates the end point of each hole using basic trigonometry and writes the resulting 3D polylines into a feature class.</p> 277<figure class="wp-caption"> 278<a href="https://i0.wp.com/freegistutorial.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/bird-s-eye-view-of-a-mining-exploration-area-with-drill-pads.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/freegistutorial.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/bird-s-eye-view-of-a-mining-exploration-area-with-drill-pads.jpeg?w=847&ssl=1" alt="Bird's eye view of a mining exploration area with drill pads" style="width:100%;height:auto;" /></a><figcaption>Photo by <a href="https://unsplash.com/@curioso?utm_source=WP+Agent&utm_medium=referral">Curioso Photography</a> on <a href="https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=WP+Agent&utm_medium=referral">Unsplash</a></figcaption></figure> 279<h2>Expected CSV Structure</h2> 280<p>Your CSV file should have at minimum the following columns:</p><div class='code-block code-block-3' style='margin: 8px 0; clear: both;'>
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290 291</div> 292 293<table> 294<thead> 295<tr> 296<th>Column</th> 297<th>Description</th> 298<th>Example</th> 299</tr> 300</thead> 301<tbody> 302<tr> 303<td>HoleID</td> 304<td>Unique identifier for the drillhole</td> 305<td>DH-001</td> 306</tr> 307<tr> 308<td>X, Y, Z</td> 309<td>Collar coordinates (easting, northing, elevation)</td> 310<td>456123.5, 7890456.2, 512.3</td> 311</tr> 312<tr> 313<td>Azimuth</td> 314<td>Hole direction in degrees (0–360, from north)</td> 315<td>135</td> 316</tr> 317<tr> 318<td>Dip</td> 319<td>Hole inclination in degrees (negative for downward holes)</td> 320<td>-60</td> 321</tr> 322<tr> 323<td>Depth</td> 324<td>Total hole length</td> 325<td>250</td> 326</tr> 327</tbody> 328</table> 329<p>If you’re new to reading tabular data into Python, our <a href="https://freegistutorial.com/my-phyton-journey-01-read-csv-file-from-python-using-pandas/">guide to reading CSV files with pandas</a> is a good primer before working with <code>csv.DictReader</code> here.</p> 330<h2>Trace Geometry Diagram</h2> 331<p>Before diving into the code, here’s a diagram of how the trace endpoint is derived from the collar point, azimuth, and dip (this is a schematic to explain the geometry, not a screenshot of the ArcGIS Pro interface):</p><div class='code-block code-block-4' style='margin: 8px 0; clear: both;'>
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341</div> 342 343<p><svg viewBox="0 0 600 320" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="width:100%;max-width:600px;height:auto;display:block;margin:0 auto;background:#f7f7f7;border-radius:8px;"> 344 <line x1="20" y1="60" x2="580" y2="60" stroke="#999" stroke-width="1" stroke-dasharray="4 4" /> 345 <text x="30" y="50" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12" fill="#666">Surface</text> 346 <circle cx="120" cy="60" r="5" fill="#2b6cb0" /> 347 <text x="100" y="42" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12" fill="#2b6cb0" font-weight="bold">Collar (X, Y, Z)</text> 348 <line x1="120" y1="60" x2="420" y2="260" stroke="#dd6b20" stroke-width="3" /> 349 <circle cx="420" cy="260" r="5" fill="#dd6b20" /> 350 <text x="430" y="270" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12" fill="#dd6b20" font-weight="bold">Toe (end of hole)</text> 351 <path d="M 160 60 A 40 40 0 0 1 150 95" fill="none" stroke="#555" stroke-width="1.5" /> 352 <text x="165" y="90" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12" fill="#555">Dip</text> 353 <line x1="120" y1="60" x2="120" y2="140" stroke="#999" stroke-width="1" stroke-dasharray="3 3" /> 354 <text x="60" y="150" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="11" fill="#888">Vertical reference</text> 355 <text x="230" y="175" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="12" fill="#333">Depth (along azimuth/dip)</text> 356</svg></p> 357<h2>The Python Script</h2> 358<pre><code class="language-python">import arcpy 359import csv 360import math 361import os 362 363# ---- Configuration ---- 364csv_path = r"C:\Data\drillholes.csv" 365output_gdb = r"C:\Data\DrillholeTraces.gdb" 366output_fc_name = "DrillholeTraces" 367output_fc = os.path.join(output_gdb, output_fc_name) 368 369# Set this to match your project's coordinate system 370sr = arcpy.SpatialReference(32750) # example: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 50S 371 372# ---- Create output feature class ---- 373if not arcpy.Exists(output_gdb): 374 arcpy.management.CreateFileGDB(os.path.dirname(output_gdb), os.path.basename(output_gdb)) 375 376if arcpy.Exists(output_fc): 377 arcpy.management.Delete(output_fc) 378 379arcpy.management.CreateFeatureclass( 380 output_gdb, output_fc_name, "POLYLINE", 381 spatial_reference=sr, has_z="ENABLED" 382) 383arcpy.management.AddField(output_fc, "HoleID", "TEXT", field_length=50) 384 385# ---- Read CSV and build traces ---- 386with arcpy.da.InsertCursor(output_fc, ["SHAPE@", "HoleID"]) as cursor: 387 with open(csv_path, "r", newline="") as f: 388 reader = csv.DictReader(f) 389 for row in reader: 390 hole_id = row["HoleID"] 391 x, y, z = float(row["X"]), float(row["Y"]), float(row["Z"]) 392 azimuth = math.radians(float(row["Azimuth"])) 393 dip = math.radians(float(row["Dip"])) 394 depth = float(row["Depth"]) 395 396 # Convert azimuth/dip/depth into a 3D displacement vector 397 dx = depth * math.sin(azimuth) * math.cos(dip) 398 dy = depth * math.cos(azimuth) * math.cos(dip) 399 dz = depth * math.sin(dip) # dip is negative for downward holes 400 401 end_x, end_y, end_z = x + dx, y + dy, z + dz 402 403 array = arcpy.Array([ 404 arcpy.Point(x, y, z), 405 arcpy.Point(end_x, end_y, end_z) 406 ]) 407 polyline = arcpy.Polyline(array, sr, True) 408 cursor.insertRow([polyline, hole_id]) 409 410print(f"Drillhole traces written to {output_fc}") 411</code></pre> 412<h2>How It Works</h2> 413<p>The script converts each hole’s azimuth and dip into a 3D unit vector using trigonometry, scales it by the hole’s total depth, and adds it to the collar coordinate to find the toe (end point) of the hole. Each hole becomes a two-vertex 3D polyline — enough to represent a straight trace. If you have downhole survey stations instead of a single azimuth/dip/depth per hole, you can extend the script to loop through multiple survey rows per HoleID and build a multi-vertex polyline for a more accurate, curved trace.</p> 414<h2>Running the Script</h2> 415<h3>From the Python Window</h3> 416<p>Save the script as a <code>.py</code> file and run it from the ArcGIS Pro Python window for a quick one-off run. This is the fastest way to test it against a small sample CSV before scaling up.</p> 417<h3>As a Reusable Script Tool</h3> 418<p>For repeated use, set it up as a Script Tool in a custom toolbox so it can be reused with different input parameters (CSV path, output geodatabase, coordinate system) without editing the code each time — the same pattern used in our <a href="https://freegistutorial.com/how-to-create-regular-grid-points-on-arcgis-pro/">
418regular grid points arcpy tutorial</a>. Once it finishes, add the output feature class to your ArcGIS Pro scene to visualize the traces in 3D.</p> 419<p>This approach scales well — whether you have 10 holes or 10,000, the script processes the entire CSV in seconds, saving hours of manual digitizing.</p> 420<h2>Related ArcGIS Pro Tutorials</h2> 421<ul> 422<li><a href="https://freegistutorial.com/how-to-create-regular-grid-points-on-arcgis-pro/">How to Create Regular Grid Points on ArcGIS Pro</a> — another arcpy geometry-generation script, useful if you also need sample or grid points around your drillholes.</li> 423<li><a href="https://freegistutorial.com/how-to-export-layer-to-gpx-in-arcgis-pro/">How to Export Layer to GPX in ArcGIS Pro</a> — handy once your drillhole traces are created and you need to bring collar locations into a GPS device.</li> 424</ul> 425<h2>FAQ</h2> 426<p><strong>Can this script handle deviated (curved) drillholes?</strong><br /> 427Not as written — this version draws a straight trace from a single azimuth, dip, and depth per hole. For deviated holes, extend the script to loop through multiple downhole survey stations per HoleID and build a multi-vertex polyline.</p> 428<p><strong>Do I need an ArcGIS Pro license to run this script?</strong><br /> 429Yes — <code>arcpy</code> ships with ArcGIS Pro and requires a valid license to import and run, whether from the Python window, a notebook, or a standalone script.</p> 430<p><strong>What coordinate system should I use?</strong><br /> 431Match the <code>arcpy.SpatialReference()</code> code to your project’s actual coordinate system (a projected CRS, not geographic) so depth and displacement calculations are in real-world linear units like meters.</p> 432<h2>Further Reading</h2> 433<ul> 434<li><a href="https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/arcpy/classes/polyline.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Esri: arcpy Polyline class reference</a></li> 435<li><a href="https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/arcpy/data-access/insertcursor-class.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Esri: arcpy.da.InsertCursor class reference</a></li> 436<li><a href="https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/tool-reference/data-management/create-feature-class.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Esri: Create Feature Class (Data Management) tool reference</a></li> 437<li><a href="https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/arcpy/get-started/setting-up-a-python-editor.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Esri: Setting up a Python editor for ArcGIS Pro</a></li> 438</ul> 439<div class='code-block code-block-2' style='margin: 8px 0; clear: both;'>
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735<script type="module"> 736/*! This file is auto-generated */ 737var e="script#wp-emoji-settings",t=document.querySelector(e);if(!(t instanceof HTMLScriptElement))throw new Error("Element missing: "+e);const r=JSON.parse(t.text),s=(window._wpemojiSettings=r,"wpEmojiSettingsSupports"),o=["flag","emoji"];function i(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(s,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function c(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0);const r=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);return t.every((e,t)=>e===r[t])}function p(e,t){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var n=e.getImageData(16,16,1,1);for(let e=0;e<n.data.length;e++)if(0!==n.data[e])return!1;return!0}function u(e,t,n,r){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf6","\ud83c\udde8\u200b\ud83c\uddf6")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!r(e,"\ud83e\u1fac8")}return!1}function f(e,t,n,r){let a;const s=(a="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):document.createElement("canvas")).getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(s.textBaseline="top",s.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(e=>{o[e]=t(s,e,n,r)}),o}function a(e){var t=document.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,document.head.appendChild(t)}r.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},new Promise(t=>{let n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(s));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(o),u.toString(),c.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"});const a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=e=>{i(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}i(n=f(o,u,c,p))}t(n)}).then(e=>{for(const n in e)r.supports[n]=e[n],r.supports.everything=r.supports.everything&&r.supports[n],"flag"!==n&&(r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&r.supports[n]);var t;r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!r.supports.flag,r.supports.everything||((t=r.source||{}).concatemoji?a(t.concatemoji):t.wpemoji&&t.twemoji&&(a(t.twemoji),a(t.wpemoji)))}); 738//# sourceURL=https://freegistutorial.com/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-loader.min.js 739</script>
739 740 741</body> 742</html> 743 744 745<!-- Page cached by LiteSpeed Cache 7.9.1 on 2026-10-03 14:31:02 -->
Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.