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1<!doctype html><html lang=en-us><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content="IE=edge"><meta name=generator content="Hugo Blox Builder 5.9.7"><link rel=preconnect href=https://fonts.gstatic.com crossorigin><link rel=preload as=style href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@400;700&family=Roboto+Mono&family=Roboto:wght@400;700&display=swap"><link rel=stylesheet href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@400;700&family=Roboto+Mono&family=Roboto:wght@400;700&display=swap" media=print onload='this.media="all"'><link rel=stylesheet href=/css/vendor-bundle.min.26c458e6907dc03073573976b7f4044e.css media=print onload='this.media="all"'><link rel=stylesheet href=https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jpswalsh/[email protected]/css/academicons.min.css integrity="sha512-IW0nhlW5MgNydsXJO40En2EoCkTTjZhI3yuODrZIc8cQ4h1XcF53PsqDHa09NqnkXuIe0Oiyyj171BqZFwISBw==" crossorigin=anonymous media=print onload='this.media="all"'><link rel=stylesheet href=https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/leaflet.min.css integrity crossorigin=anonymous media=print onload='this.media="all"'><link rel=stylesheet href=/css/wowchemy.ae9d99782b07090c0371f14da761ce1b.css><link rel=stylesheet href=/css/libs/chroma/github-light.min.css title=hl-light media=print onload='this.media="all"'><link rel=stylesheet href=/css/libs/chroma/dracula.min.css title=hl-dark media=print onload='this.media="all"' disabled><meta name=author content="Liam Brierley"><meta name=description content="Research projects of the VIBE Lab at the CVR, University of Glasgow"><link rel=alternate hreflang=en-us href=https://vibelab.co.uk/research/><link rel=canonical href=https://vibelab.co.uk/research/><link rel=manifest href=/manifest.webmanifest><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/media/icon_hu79bda9ef7c5d886ae47fc657b31582b3_261104_32x32_fill_lanczos_center_3.png><link rel=apple-touch-icon type=image/png href=/media/icon_hu79bda9ef7c5d886ae47fc657b31582b3_261104_180x180_fill_lanczos_center_3.png><meta name=theme-color content="#3A6979"><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta property="twitter:site" content="@L_Brierley"><meta property="twitter:creator" content="@L_Brierley"><meta property="twitter:image" content="https://vibelab.co.uk/media/icon_hu79bda9ef7c5d886ae47fc657b31582b3_261104_512x512_fill_lanczos_center_3.png"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:site_name" content="VIBE Research Lab"><meta property="og:url" content="https://vibelab.co.uk/research/"><meta property="og:title" content="Research | VIBE Research Lab"><meta property="og:description" content="Research projects of the VIBE Lab at the CVR, University of Glasgow"><meta property="og:image" content="https://vibelab.co.uk/media/icon_hu79bda9ef7c5d886ae47fc657b31582b3_261104_512x512_fill_lanczos_center_3.png"><meta property="og:locale" content="en-us"><link rel=alternate href=/research/index.xml type=application/rss+xml title="VIBE Research Lab"><title>Research | VIBE Research Lab</title></head><body id=top data-spy=scroll data-offset=70 data-target=#TableOfContents class=page-wrapper data-wc-page-id=bc8c75ec10f4acb491c3299f2f23af66>
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1<aside class=search-modal id=search><div class=container><section class=search-header><div class="row no-gutters justify-content-between mb-3"><div class=col-6><h1>Search</h1></div><div class="col-6 col-search-close"><a class=js-search href=# aria-label=Close><i class="fas fa-times-circle text-muted" aria-hidden=true></i></a></div></div><div id=search-box><input name=q id=search-query placeholder=Search... autocapitalize=off autocomplete=off autocorrect=off spellcheck=false type=search class=form-control aria-label=Search...></div></section><section class=section-search-results><div id=search-hits></div></section></div></aside><div class="page-header header--fixed"><header><nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light compensate-for-scrollbar" id=navbar-main><div class=container-xl><div class="d-none d-lg-inline-flex"><a class=navbar-brand href=/>VIBE Research Lab</a></div><button type=button class=navbar-toggler data-toggle=collapse data-target=#navbar-content aria-controls=navbar-content aria-expanded=false aria-label="Toggle navigation">
2<span><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></span></button><div class="navbar-brand-mobile-wrapper d-inline-flex d-lg-none"><a class=navbar-brand href=/>VIBE Research Lab</a></div><div class="navbar-collapse main-menu-item collapse justify-content-end" id=navbar-content><ul class="navbar-nav d-md-inline-flex"><li class=nav-item><a class=nav-link href=/research><span>Research</span></a></li><li class=nav-item><a class=nav-link href=/people><span>People</span></a></li><li class=nav-item><a class=nav-link href=/blog><span>Blog</span></a></li><li class=nav-item><a class=nav-link href=/outreach><span>Outreach</span></a></li><li class=nav-item><a class=nav-link href=/publication><span>Publications</span></a></li><li class=nav-item><a class=nav-link href=/contact><span>Contact</span></a></li></ul></div><ul class="nav-icons navbar-nav flex-row ml-auto d-flex pl-md-2"><li class=nav-item><a class="nav-link js-search" href=# aria-label=Search><i class="fas fa-search" aria-hidden=true></i></a></li></ul></div></nav></header></div><div class=page-body><span class="js-widget-page d-none"></span><section id=section-markdown class="home-section wg-markdown" style="padding:20px 0"><div class=home-section-bg style=background-color:#e3ebdf></div><div class=container><div class="row justify-content-center"><div class="section-heading col-12 mb-3 text-center"><h1 class=mb-0>Research</h1><p class=mt-1><br>Emerging infectious diseases still pose serious threats to global health, exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic (SARS-CoV-2) as well as Zaire ebolavirus, Zika virus, and numerous others over the last twenty years. Our research mission is to use new data, methods, and computational technologies to better understand how RNA viruses &lsquo;host shift&rsquo; (i.e., infect and cause disease within a new host species) with a view to anticipating future pandemic risks.
3We use a broad range of methodologies (e.g., biostatistics, artificial intelligence, natural language processing) and model a broad diversity of animal RNA viruses, though our research is driven by consistent key questions around dynamics of viruses in their&mldr;</p></div><div class=col-12></div></div></div></section><section id=section-collection class="home-section wg-collection" style="padding:30px 0"><div class=home-section-bg style=background-color:#fff></div><div class=container><div class=row><div class="section-heading col-12 col-lg-4 mb-3 mb-lg-0 d-flex flex-column align-items-center align-items-lg-start"><h1 class=mb-0>&mldr;ecological contexts</h1></div><div class="col-12 col-lg-8"><span></span><figure><div class="d-flex justify-content-center"><div class=w-100><img alt=Image srcset="/media/ecology_fig_hu4f1c597b5f84f35aa4885491df13785a_1640466_d9ff3ecd172d5a2ddc2abd29f17e8123.webp 400w,
4/media/ecology_fig_hu4f1c597b5f84f35aa4885491df13785a_1640466_368551c207f274d0f69a4225e2caa890.webp 760w,
5/media/ecology_fig_hu4f1c597b5f84f35aa4885491df13785a_1640466_1200x1200_fit_q75_h2_lanczos_3.webp 1200w" src=/media/ecology_fig_hu4f1c597b5f84f35aa4885491df13785a_1640466_d9ff3ecd172d5a2ddc2abd29f17e8123.webp width=760 height=375 loading=lazy data-zoomable></div></div></figure><span style=font-size:1em>If we are to anticipate future human disease outbreaks, we need to better understand dynamics in wild hosts and the environments in which we interact with them. We are interested in modelling diversity of animal hosts and changes to landscapes influence cross-species transmission and emergence in humans, including global distributions of bat-borne viruses and the ecological shifts associated with the 2021 outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza.</span><br><br><span style=font-size:.95em><strong>Collaborators:</strong> <em>Dr Sarah Hayes, Prof. Christl Donnelly (University of Oxford); Prof. Matthew Baylis (University of Liverpool)</em></span><br><br><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
6<a href=/publication/26nabil/>Molecular surveillance and predictive risk modelling of avian influenza virus in wild birds in Egypt</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/nehal-nabil/>Nehal Nabil</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/maram-tawakol/>Maram Tawakol</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/naglaa-hagag/>Naglaa Hagag</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/samah-eid/>Samah Eid</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span><i class="author-notes fas fa-info-circle" data-toggle=tooltip title="Equal contribution"></i>, <span><a href=/author/mahmoud-naguib/>Mahmoud Naguib</a></span><i class="author-notes fas fa-info-circle" data-toggle=tooltip title="Equal contribution"></i></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002278 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
7</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/jgv.0.002278 target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
8<a href=/publication/26hayes/>Ecology and environment predict spatially stratified risk of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b in wild birds across Europe</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/sarah-hayes/>Sarah Hayes</a></span><i class="author-notes fas fa-info-circle" data-toggle=tooltip title="Equal contribution"></i>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/joe-hilton/>Joe Hilton</a></span><i class="author-notes fas fa-info-circle" data-toggle=tooltip title="Equal contribution"></i>, <span><a href=/author/joaquin-mould-quevedo/>Joaquin Mould-Quevedo</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/christl-donnelly/>Christl Donnelly</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/matthew-baylis/>
8Matthew Baylis</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://github.com/sarahhayes/avian_flu_sdm target=_blank rel=noopener>Code
9</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://zenodo.org/records/15344899 target=_blank rel=noopener>Dataset
10</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-30651-9 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
11</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-30651-9 target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
12<a href=/publication/20zhang/>Global discovery of human-infective RNA viruses: A modelling analysis</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/feifei-zhang/>Feifei Zhang</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/margo-chase-topping/>Margo Chase-Topping</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/chuan-guo-guo/>Chuan-Guo Guo</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/bram-van-bunnik/>Bram Van Bunnik</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/mark-woolhouse/>
12Mark Woolhouse</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009079 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
13</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href="https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1009079" target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class=see-all><a href=/category/ecology/>See all
14<i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i></a></div></div></div></div></section><section id=section-collection class="home-section wg-collection" style="padding:30px 0"><div class=home-section-bg style=background-color:#e3ebdf></div><div class=container><div class=row><div class="section-heading col-12 col-lg-4 mb-3 mb-lg-0 d-flex flex-column align-items-center align-items-lg-start"><h1 class=mb-0>&mldr;evolutionary dynamics</h1></div><div class="col-12 col-lg-8"><span></span><figure><div class="d-flex justify-content-center"><div class=w-100><img alt=Image srcset="/media/evo_fig_hu713a520e097d1d70175a1364ff5524b9_494078_597dcabd36daaaa2dcd442c3b3274900.webp 400w,
15/media/evo_fig_hu713a520e097d1d70175a1364ff5524b9_494078_51f95b542ef106f5f2c2cd639421e620.webp 760w,
16/media/evo_fig_hu713a520e097d1d70175a1364ff5524b9_494078_1200x1200_fit_q75_h2_lanczos_3.webp 1200w" src=/media/evo_fig_hu713a520e097d1d70175a1364ff5524b9_494078_597dcabd36daaaa2dcd442c3b3274900.webp width=760 height=345 loading=lazy data-zoomable></div></div></figure><span style=font-size:1em>Evolutionary adaptation is the driving force underlying host range of a virus. A core theme of our research is understanding how ability to infect specific hosts and tissues can be characterised directly from genome sequences by training artificial intelligence approaches on genomic and proteomic traits (&lsquo;&lsquo;genotype-to-phenotype&rsquo;&rsquo;) - and how these traits evolve over time. We are also interested in whether evolutionary models can highlight viruses likely to be transmissible or virulent in human populations. Being at the intersection of evolution and computer science, our work often necessitates development of new computational methods for viral sequence data.</span><br><br><span style=font-size:.95em><strong>Collaborators:</strong> <em>Dr Jan Gogarten, Dr Sebastien Calvignac-Spencer (Helmholtz Institute for One Health); Dr Lu Lu (Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh)</em></span><br><br><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
17<a href=/publication/26herzig/>Phylogenies as graphs: structured neural networks improve host origin predictions from paramyxovirus sequences</a><div class=article-metadata><span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/jamie-herzig/>Jamie Herzig</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/haley-stone/>Haley Stone</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://anonymous.4open.science/r/GNN-host-prediction-5131/ target=_blank rel=noopener>Code
18</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.18.752634 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
19</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.18.752634v1.full target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
20<a href=/publication/26kockelbergh/>Evaluating the utility of amino acid similarity-aware kmers to represent TCR repertoires for classification</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/hannah-kockelbergh/>Hannah Kockelbergh</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/shelley-evans/>Shelley Evans</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/peter-green/>Peter Green</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/andrea-jorgensen/>Andrea Jorgensen</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/elizabeth-souilleux/>Elizabeth Souilleux</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/anna-fowler/>Anna Fowler</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://github.com/hannrko/enc_kmer_tcr_models target=_blank rel=noopener>Code
21</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1014211 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
22</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href="https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1014211" target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
23<a href=/publication/25brierley/>
23An AI for an AI: identifying zoonotic potential of avian influenza viruses via genomic machine learning</a><div class=article-metadata><span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/joaquin-mould-quevedo/>Joaquin Mould-Quevedo</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/matthew-baylis/>Matthew Baylis</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://github.com/lbrierley/ai_for_ai/ target=_blank rel=noopener>Code
24</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://zenodo.org/records/17068425 target=_blank rel=noopener>Dataset
25</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.16.676011 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
26</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.09.16.676011v1 target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class=see-all><a href=/category/evolution/>See all
27<i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i></a></div></div></div></div></section><section id=section-collection class="home-section wg-collection" style="padding:30px 0"><div class=home-section-bg style=background-color:#fff></div><div class=container><div class=row><div class="section-heading col-12 col-lg-4 mb-3 mb-lg-0 d-flex flex-column align-items-center align-items-lg-start"><h1 class=mb-0>&mldr;public health impact</h1></div><div class="col-12 col-lg-8"><span></span><figure><div class="d-flex justify-content-center"><div class=w-100><img alt=Image srcset="/media/pubhealth_fig_huba87960bb8ed8179de7616bea4524ca1_38680_f9a83ebc6c82533ab0ec437ed82dacff.webp 400w,
28/media/pubhealth_fig_huba87960bb8ed8179de7616bea4524ca1_38680_973428e5282878f1711dfa28382f810b.
28webp 760w,
29/media/pubhealth_fig_huba87960bb8ed8179de7616bea4524ca1_38680_1200x1200_fit_q75_h2_lanczos_3.webp 1200w" src=/media/pubhealth_fig_huba87960bb8ed8179de7616bea4524ca1_38680_f9a83ebc6c82533ab0ec437ed82dacff.webp width=760 height=337 loading=lazy data-zoomable></div></div></figure><span style=font-size:1em>Although human populations are continuously exposed to novel viruses, few emerge successfully to cause significant outbreaks. Through collaborations, we are exploring how genomic and machine learning methodologies can improve predicted impact of emerging viruses on public health. This includes modelling chance of discovering new viruses, dynamics of transmissibility within populations, and outbreak characteristics.</span><br><br><span style=font-size:.95em><strong>Collaborators:</strong> <em>Dr Dan Hungerford, Prof. Iain Buchan (University of Liverpool); Dr Jasmina Panovska-Griffiths (University of Oxford)</em></span><br><br><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
30<a href=/publication/25hawkings/>COVID-19 and and new-onset autoimmune mediated gastrointestinal illness: a naturalistic cohort study from England</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/michael-hawkings/>Michael Hawkings</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/david-hughes/>David Hughes</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/alex-elliot/>Alex Elliot</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/iain-buchan/>Iain Buchan</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/daniel-hungerford/>Daniel Hungerford</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5278544 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
31</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5278544" target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
32<a href=/publication/23hawkings/>A systematic review of the prevalence of persistent gastrointestinal symptoms and incidence of new gastrointestinal illness after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/michael-hawkings/>Michael Hawkings</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/natasha-vaselli/>Natasha Vaselli</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/dimitrios-charalampopoulos/>Dimitrios Charalampopoulos</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/alex-elliot/>Alex Elliot</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/iain-buchan/>Iain Buchan</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/daniel-hungerford/>Daniel Hungerford</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.3390/v15081625 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
33</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/8/1625 target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
34<a href=/publication/21metelmann/>Impact of climatic, demographic and disease control factors on the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in large cities worldwide</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/soeren-metelmann/>Soeren Metelmann</a></span><i class="author-notes fas fa-info-circle" data-toggle=tooltip title="Equal contribution"></i>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/karan-pattni/>Karan Pattni</a></span><i class="author-notes fas fa-info-circle" data-toggle=tooltip title="Equal contribution"></i>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span><i class="author-notes fas fa-info-circle" data-toggle=tooltip title="Equal contribution"></i>, <span><a href=/author/lisa-cavalerie/>Lisa Cavalerie</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/cyril-caminade/>Cyril Caminade</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/marcus-sc-blagrove/>Marcus SC Blagrove</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/joanne-turner/>Joanne Turner</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/kieran-j-sharkey/>Kieran J Sharkey</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/matthew-baylis/>
34Matthew Baylis</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://github.com/lbrierley/metelmann_covid19_climate target=_blank rel=noopener>Code
35</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100221 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
36</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771421000112 target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div></div></div></div></section><section id=section-collection class="home-section wg-collection" style="padding:30px 0"><div class=home-section-bg style=background-color:#e3ebdf></div><div class=container><div class=row><div class="section-heading col-12 col-lg-4 mb-3 mb-lg-0 d-flex flex-column align-items-center align-items-lg-start"><h1 class=mb-0>&mldr;systematic data gaps</h1><p class=mt-1>and modern solutions</p></div><div class="col-12 col-lg-8"><span></span><figure><div class="d-flex justify-content-center"><div class=w-100><img alt=Image srcset="/media/data_fig_huf992ab49ae050fe70a201ab2cb0ccac5_857424_4fc0bac3f6fde5e13dfe40bb7c24f8fc.webp 400w,
37/media/data_fig_huf992ab49ae050fe70a201ab2cb0ccac5_857424_f8f472f61ea72d7453d619696022cdd5.webp 760w,
38/media/data_fig_huf992ab49ae050fe70a201ab2cb0ccac5_857424_1200x1200_fit_q75_h2_lanczos_3.webp 1200w" src=/media/data_fig_huf992ab49ae050fe70a201ab2cb0ccac5_857424_4fc0bac3f6fde5e13dfe40bb7c24f8fc.webp width=760 height=373 loading=lazy data-zoomable></div></div></figure><span style=font-size:1em>Our collective scientific knowledge of how viruses interact with their hosts is vast, although systematic data gaps exist. Our group is dedicated to understanding these gaps through statistical analysis and resolving them with modern computational tools. A primary focus of our current research is text mining to unlock the huge volume of information on host-parasite relationships in scientific literature. We are exploring natural language processing and large language model methods to generate usable data resources describing viral interactions with hosts, tissues, proteins, and more.</span><br><br><span style=font-size:.95em><strong>Collaborators:</strong> <em>Dr Maxwell Farrell (University of Glasgow); Dr Zhongtian Sun (University of Kent)</em></span><br><br><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
39<a href=/publication/26zhang/>A complete catalogue of human-infective RNA viruses</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/feifei-zhang/>Feifei Zhang</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/lu-lu/>Lu Lu</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/helmi-hietanen/>Helmi Hietanen</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/mark-woolhouse/>
39Mark Woolhouse</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.30094726 target=_blank rel=noopener>Dataset
40</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07281-5 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
41</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-026-07281-5 target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
42<a href=/publication/24farrell/>The changing landscape of text mining: a review of approaches for ecology and evolution</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/maxwell-farrell/>Maxwell Farrell</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/nicolas-le-guillarme/>Nicolas Le Guillarme</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/bronwen-hunter/>Bronwen Hunter</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/daan-scheepens/>Daan Scheepens</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/anna-willoughby/>Anna Willoughby</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/andrew-yates/>Andrew Yates</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/nicole-mideo/>Nicole Mideo</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.0423 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
43</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=http://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2024.0423 target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class="view-list view-list-item"><i class="far fa-file-alt pub-icon" aria-hidden=true></i>
44<a href=/publication/22farrell/>Past and future uses of text mining in ecology & evolution</a><div class=article-metadata><span><a href=/author/maxwell-farrell/>Maxwell Farrell</a></span>, <span class=author-highlighted><a href=/author/liam-brierley/>Liam Brierley</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/anna-willoughby/>Anna Willoughby</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/andrew-yates/>Andrew Yates</a></span>, <span><a href=/author/nicole-mideo/>Nicole Mideo</a></span></div><div class=btn-links><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.2721 target=_blank rel=noopener>DOI
45</a><a class="btn btn-outline-primary btn-page-header btn-sm" href=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2021.2721 target=_blank rel=noopener>Full text</a></div></div><div class=see-all><a href=/category/data/>See all
46<i class="fas fa-angle-right"></i></a></div></div></div></div></section><section id=section-markdown class="home-section wg-markdown"><div class=home-section-bg style=background-color:#fff></div><div class=container><div class="row justify-content-center"><div class="section-heading col-12 mb-3 text-center"><h1 class=mb-0>Some of our active research partnerships:</h1></div><div class=col-12></div></div></div></section><section id=section-slider class="home-section wg-slider carousel slide" data-ride=carousel data-interval=5500><div class=home-section-bg style=background-color:#fff></div><ol class=carousel-indicators><li data-target=#section-slider data-slide-to=0 class=active></li><li data-target=#section-slider data-slide-to=1></li><li data-target=#section-slider data-slide-to=2></li><li data-target=#section-slider data-slide-to=3></li><li data-target=#section-slider data-slide-to=4></li><li data-target=#section-slider data-slide-to=5></li></ol><div class=carousel-inner><div class="carousel-item active" style=height:300px;background-color:#e3ebdf;background-image:url(https://vibelab.co.uk/media/partners/sbovhm.jpg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50%;background-size:contain><div class="position-absolute d-flex w-100 h-100 justify-content-center align-items-center"><div class="wg-hero dark container" style=margin-left:6rem;margin-right:6rem;text-align:left><h1 class=hero-title></h1></div></div></div><div class=carousel-item style=height:300px;background-color:#e3ebdf;background-image:url(https://vibelab.co.uk/media/partners/uol_tpi.jpg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50%;background-size:contain><div class="position-absolute d-flex w-100 h-100 justify-content-center align-items-center"><div class="wg-hero dark container" style=margin-left:6rem;margin-right:6rem;text-align:left><h1 class=hero-title></h1></div></div></div><div class=carousel-item style=height:300px;background-color:#e3ebdf;background-image:url(https://vibelab.co.uk/media/partners/hioh.jpg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50%;background-size:contain><div class="position-absolute d-flex w-100 h-100 justify-content-center align-items-center"><div class="wg-hero dark container" style=margin-left:6rem;margin-right:6rem;text-align:left><h1 class=hero-title></h1></div></div></div><div class=carousel-item style=height:300px;background-color:#e3ebdf;background-image:url(https://vibelab.co.uk/media/partners/ukhsa.jpg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50%;background-size:contain><div class="position-absolute d-flex w-100 h-100 justify-content-center align-items-center"><div class="wg-hero dark container" style=margin-left:6rem;margin-right:6rem;text-align:left><h1 class=hero-title></h1></div></div></div><div class=carousel-item style=height:300px;background-color:#e3ebdf;background-image:url(https://vibelab.co.uk/media/partners/uoo.png);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50%;background-size:contain><div class="position-absolute d-flex w-100 h-100 justify-content-center align-items-center"><div class="wg-hero dark container" style=margin-left:6rem;margin-right:6rem;text-align:left><h1 class=hero-title></h1></div></div></div><div class=carousel-item style=height:300px;background-color:#e3ebdf;background-image:url(https://vibelab.co.uk/media/partners/roslin.jpg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:50%;background-size:contain><div class="position-absolute d-flex w-100 h-100 justify-content-center align-items-center"><div class="wg-hero dark container" style=margin-left:6rem;margin-right:6rem;text-align:left><h1 class=hero-title></h1></div></div></div></div>
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