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270 <div id="content" class="site-content"> 271 272 <div id="primary" class="content-area"> 273 <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> 274 275 276 277 278<article id="post-31256" class="post-31256 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-carrion-plant category-exotic-plant category-fall-blooming-plant category-houseplant category-succulent category-uncategorized tag-black-bells-succulent tag-carrion-flower tag-durham-nc tag-gardening-in-nc tag-houseplant tag-succulent"> 279 <div class="entry-wrapper"> 280 <header class="entry-header"> 281 <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/" rel="bookmark">Meet the Alluring Black Bells Carrion Flower</a></h1> 282 <div class="entry-meta"> 283 <span class="posted-on">On <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2026-09-30T10:00:00-04:00">September 30, 2026</time><time class="updated" datetime="2026-09-30T15:46:54-04:00">September 30, 2026</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/author/durhammastergardeners/">durhammastergardeners</a></span></span><span class="cat-links">In <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/carrion-plant/" rel="category tag">carrion plant</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/exotic-plant/" rel="category tag">exotic plant</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/fall-blooming-plant/" rel="category tag">fall blooming plant</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/houseplant/" rel="category tag">houseplant</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/succulent/" rel="category tag">succulent</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/uncategorized/" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a></span> </div><!-- .entry-meta --> 284 </header><!-- .entry-header --> 285 286 <div class="entry-content"> 287 288<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>By Melinda Heigel, NC State Extension Master Gardener<sup>SM</sup> volunteer of Durham County</em></p> 289 290 291 292<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Each week, our blog team brings you practical research-based articles about a host of topics, but sometimes we try to share the <em><strong>wacky, unusual, and unexpected</strong></em> joys in gardening. Enter the black bells carrion flower (<em>Stapelia leendertziae</em>), also commonly referred to as the carrion cactus, mooncup starfish, and starfish cactus).</p> 293 294 295 296<figure data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/"}' class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> 297<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="640" height="853" data-attachment-id="31278" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/img_6077/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?fit=4284%2C5712&ssl=1" data-orig-size="4284,5712" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"1.78","camera":"iPhone 16 Pro Max","created_timestamp":"1790600817","focal_length":"6.7649998656528","iso":"160","shutter_speed":"0.0082644628099174","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_6077" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" data-id="31278" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077.jpeg?resize=64
2970%2C853&ssl=1" alt="Green succulent house plant with tall stems in a green pot." class="wp-image-31278" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?resize=1152%2C1536&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?resize=1536%2C2048&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?resize=900%2C1200&ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?resize=1280%2C1707&ssl=1 1280w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_6077-rotated.jpeg?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 298 299 300 301<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/1901BD9C-EA6A-44CD-A949-D3D06F35AE7C_1_105_c.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="640" height="853" data-attachment-id="31267" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/1901bd9c-ea6a-44cd-a949-d3d06f35ae7c_1_105_c/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/1901BD9C-EA6A-44CD-A949-D3D06F35AE7C_1_105_c.jpeg?fit=768%2C1024&ssl=1" data-orig-size="768,1024" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"1.78","camera":"iPhone 16 Pro Max","created_timestamp":"1759316719","focal_length":"6.7649998656528","iso":"80","shutter_speed":"0.0016611295681063","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="1901BD9C-EA6A-44CD-A949-D3D06F35AE7C_1_105_c" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/1901BD9C-EA6A-44CD-A949-D3D06F35AE7C_1_105_c.jpeg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" data-id="31267" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/1901BD9C-EA6A-44CD-A949-D3D06F35AE7C_1_105_c.jpeg?resize=640%2C853&ssl=1" alt="Green succulent plant with tall rounded stems and its deep red flower shaped like a star." class="wp-image-31267" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/1901BD9C-EA6A-44CD-A949-D3D06F35AE7C_1_105_c.jpeg?w=768&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/1901BD9C-EA6A-44CD-A949-D3D06F35AE7C_1_105_c.jpeg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 302</figure> 303 304 305 306<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>(Left to right) Hard to believe that this humble-looking plant produces such a show-stopping bloom. This amazing flower is neither AI generated nor from the famous musical Little Shop of Horrors. Mine typically blooms late in the season (here it is in September 2025). Note its velvety inside and lush color. The flower smells faintly like rotten meat (yes, you read that right); it’s no surprise that flies provide its pollination services.</em> (Image credit: Melinda Heigel)</p> 307 308 309 310<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I first encountered one of these plants years ago at a vendor booth at a garden conference and bought it at the urging of another plant nerd who said it had one of the coolest flowers they’d ever seen. It was pretty unassuming, and I wondered, “What’s all the fuss about?” But when it bloomed? WOWZA!</p> 311 312 313 314<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Black Bell Characteristics</strong></p> 315 316 317 318<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Calling this plant a cactus is misleading; it’s technically a succulent.<sup>1</sup> Native to South Africa, Zimbabwe and Eswatini, this is a spineless, clump-forming fleshy plant. Its stems are spiky in appearance but slightly squared off and soft to the touch. This succulent isn’t hardy in our 8a USDA Hardiness Zone. If you plan to grow it outside, it’s best suited for Zones 10-11 where frost is not an issue. It’s very drought tolerant and prefers sandy soil. That’s hard to find in Central NC, so I recommend planting it in a container. It needs a growing medium made for cacti and succulents that is loose, chunky, and promotes fast drainage. You can easily find commercial mixes or <a href="https://sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/lawn-and-garden/homemade-potting-mix/" data-type="link" data-id="https://sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/lawn-and-garden/homemade-potting-mix/">mix your own</a>.</p> 319 320 321 322<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This fairly petite specimen is a perennial coming in at roughly at 3-6″
322 tall and wide. You can grow this inside all year round or as an outdoor plant in the summer and as a “housemate” during cold months. While bright light is essential, carrion flowers can get too much direct sun. That can transform medium-to-light green stems to blotchy bronze and red. Think of it as a sunburn for its protection. I found some bright light in the morning and a little afternoon shade is best during its outdoor summer season.</p> 323 324 325 326<figure data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/"}' class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> 327<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" width="640" height="480" data-attachment-id="31288" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/img_5201-3/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?fit=4032%2C3024&ssl=1" data-orig-size="4032,3024" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"2.2","camera":"iPhone 16 Pro Max","created_timestamp":"1783258651","focal_length":"2.2200000286119","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.0031446540880503","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_5201" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1" data-id="31288" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1" alt="Photo of tall finger-like stems of a succulent plant that are olive green to bronze with reddish tips. Other plants and trees are in the background." class="wp-image-31288" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?resize=900%2C675&ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?resize=1280%2C960&ssl=1 1280w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5201-1.jpeg?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 328 329 330 331<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="853" data-attachment-id="31289" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/img_5200/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?fit=3024%2C4032&ssl=1" data-orig-size="3024,4032" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"2.2","camera":"iPhone 16 Pro Max","created_timestamp":"1783258645","focal_length":"2.2200000286119","iso":"40","shutter_speed":"0.0065359477124183","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_5200" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" data-id="31289" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200.jpeg?resize=64
3310%2C853&ssl=1" alt="Detailed shot of succulent with light green and bronze finger-like stems in a green plastic pot with small gravel as mulch. Potted plant is sitting on a table. " class="wp-image-31289" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?resize=1152%2C1536&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?resize=1536%2C2048&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?resize=900%2C1200&ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?resize=1280%2C1707&ssl=1 1280w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_5200-rotated.jpeg?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 332</figure> 333 334 335 336<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>(Left to right) I kept my plant outside during this harsh summer of 2026, but it started to show signs of stress. When it got too much hot afternoon sun, it turned a sickly-green and bronze. When I moved it to a location with </em>s<em>ome afternoon shade, it slowly started to improve. </em>(Image credit: Melinda Heigel)</p> 337 338 339 340<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The Brilliant Flower of Black Bells </strong></h4> 341 342 343 344<p class="wp-block-paragraph">One of the more unusual things about this flower is its scent: a faint smell of rotting meat. According to Temple University research, this fragrance is comprised of 31 scent compounds that mostly contain sulphur. Two other of the compounds are close to those of decaying rats. (Did I mention my dog loves to walk by this plant?) This scent entices flys for pollination (fly pollination is called <strong>myophily</strong>). Another similar plant you’ve likely heard of is the <a href="https://cals.ncsu.edu/corpse-flower-nc-state/">corpse flower</a> (<em>Amorphophallus titanium</em>)–a very large specimen with a legendary putrid perfume.</p> 345 346 347 348<p class="wp-block-paragraph">So why is this known as the black bell carrion flower? Take a look at the evolution of the flower as it opens and it will become apparent.</p> 349 350 351 352<figure data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/"}' class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> 353<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="853" data-attachment-id="31327" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/img_1738/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?fit=3024%2C4032&ssl=1" data-orig-size="3024,4032" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"2.2","camera":"iPhone 16 Pro Max","created_timestamp":"1760081538","focal_length":"2.2200000286119","iso":"640","shutter_speed":"0.016666666666667","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_1738" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" data-id="31327" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738.jpeg?resize=640%2C853&ssl=1" alt="Fleshy green succulent potted in a green container with a small deep red flower bud. Its sitting on a wet outside deck surface." class="wp-image-31327" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?resize=1152%2C1536&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?resize=1536%2C2048&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?resize=900%2C1200&ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?resize=1280%2C1707&ssl=1 1280w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1738-rotated.jpeg?w=1920&
353ssl=1 1920w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 354 355 356 357<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="853" data-attachment-id="31328" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/img_1430/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?fit=3024%2C4032&ssl=1" data-orig-size="3024,4032" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"2.2","camera":"iPhone 16 Pro Max","created_timestamp":"1758808652","focal_length":"2.2200000286119","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.0057803468208092","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_1430" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" data-id="31328" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430.jpeg?resize=640%2C853&ssl=1" alt="In a green pot, bright green fleshy succulent stems with a large bell-shaped closed flower. " class="wp-image-31328" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?resize=1152%2C1536&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?resize=1536%2C2048&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?resize=900%2C1200&ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?resize=1280%2C1707&ssl=1 1280w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1430-rotated.jpeg?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 358 359 360 361<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="480" data-attachment-id="31332" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/img_1444/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?fit=5712%2C4284&ssl=1" data-orig-size="5712,4284" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"1.78","camera":"iPhone 16 Pro Max","created_timestamp":"1758906959","focal_length":"6.7649998656528","iso":"200","shutter_speed":"0.0082644628099174","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_1444" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1" data-id="31332" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1" alt="In a green pot sitting on a metal shelf, a fleshy green succulent with stems and a deep red bell-shaped flower. The flower is starting to open." class="wp-image-31332" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?resize=2048%2C1536&ssl=1 2048w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?resize=900%2C675&ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?resize=1280%2C960&ssl=1 1280w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1444.jpeg?w=1920&
361ssl=1 1920w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 362 363 364 365<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="853" data-attachment-id="31330" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/img_1485/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?fit=4284%2C5712&ssl=1" data-orig-size="4284,5712" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"1.78","camera":"iPhone 16 Pro Max","created_timestamp":"1759316763","focal_length":"6.7649998656528","iso":"80","shutter_speed":"0.0018691588785047","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_1485" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" data-id="31330" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?resize=640%2C853&ssl=1" alt="Image of a plastic green pot sitting on top of an outdoor deck's top railing. Inside the pot is a fleshy green succulent with horizontal stems. The plant has a deep red flower hanging downward that is shaped like a bell and starting to open." class="wp-image-31330" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?resize=1152%2C1536&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?resize=1536%2C2048&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?resize=900%2C1200&ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?resize=1280%2C1707&ssl=1 1280w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1485.jpeg?w=1920&ssl=1 1920w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 366 367 368 369<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="853" data-attachment-id="31336" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/img_1493/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?fit=4284%2C5712&ssl=1" data-orig-size="4284,5712" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_1493" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" data-id="31336" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?resize=640%2C853&ssl=1" alt="Closeup of a 5-petaled flower that is bell shaped, deep red and has a wrinkled surface and tiny hairs on the inside of the petals. " class="wp-image-31336" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?resize=768%2C1024&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?resize=225%2C300&ssl=1 225w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?resize=1152%2C1536&ssl=1 1152w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?resize=1536%2C2048&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?resize=900%2C1200&ssl=1 900w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?resize=1280%2C1707&ssl=1 1280w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/IMG_1493.jpeg?w=1920&
369ssl=1 1920w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 370</figure> 371 372 373 374<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>From bud, to bell shaped, to 5 ” wide “starfish-like” when fully opened, enjoy the journey as the flower emerges. Once it opens, the bloom fades quickly, often in just a matter of days. (Bottom right) These stunners are a study in texture: smooth and glossy on the outside and inside covered in tiny hairs (indicated by arrows). Some say this provides an excellent mimic for a dead animal as flies can lay eggs deep inside plant.</em> <em>The wrinkled surface only adds to its intrigue. </em>(Image credit: Melinda Heigel)</p> 375 376 377 378<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I’ve read that this flower can bloom in the spring and then again in the late summer with one to two flowers per plant. I’ve had young plants that take up to three years to bloom while others bloom quicker. I’ve never enjoyed a spring flower, though. When they do bloom, my plants’ flowers arrive in late September to early October. That timing is just right: they are so fun to watch develop when a lot of traditional summer flowers begin to fade.</p> 379 380 381 382<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Black Bells Care</strong></h4> 383 384 385 386<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This is a pretty maintenance-free plant if planted in the appropriate soil mentioned above. It prefers to dry out in between waterings during the warmer months when it is actively growing. Too much water leads to root rot. Trust me, I know about that. Many growers recommend these plants should remain dry while overwintering in the house. I water mine lightly only and rarely indoors beginning in April or May when they are approaching an active growing season again. When it is time for it’s seasonal vacation outdoors, I introduce it to the elements slowly as not to overstress the plant.</p> 387 388 389 390<p class="wp-block-paragraph">It’s easy to propagate by cuttings or division. Scale, mealy bugs and mites are listed as potential problems for the plant, though luckily I haven’t experienced any such pests.</p> 391 392 393 394<p class="wp-block-paragraph">There are several other <em>Stapelia </em> species that produce chic, unique flowers, so I would encourage you to do some internet research. Below is another variety with a totally different flower I grew in 2018. May it rest in peace. So if I piqued your interest about this plant, you might be wondering where to source these. I’ve had luck at local nurseries from time to time as well as with online resources. While you won’t get blooms galore, the anticipation of these fascinating flowers is worth it.</p> 395 396 397<div class="wp-block-image"> 398<figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/21A7888D-15E5-4872-9B11-AE2C5F870858_1_105_c.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="853" data-attachment-id="31345" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/21a7888d-15e5-4872-9b11-ae2c5f870858_1_105_c/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/21A7888D-15E5-4872-9B11-AE2C5F870858_1_105_c.jpeg?fit=768%2C1024&ssl=1" data-orig-size="768,1024" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"2.2","camera":"iPhone 6s","created_timestamp":"1537381339","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"40","shutter_speed":"0.033333333333333"}" data-image-title="21A7888D-15E5-4872-9B11-AE2C5F870858_1_105_c" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/21A7888D-15E5-4872-9B11-AE2C5F870858_1_105_c.jpeg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/21A7888D-15E5-4872-9B11-AE2C5F870858_1_105_c.jpeg?resize=640%2C853&ssl=1" alt="A closeup of a star-shaped flower that is shaped like a starfish. It's white with pink striations. The stems of the succulent part are green and fleshy and seen in the background. " class="wp-image-31345" style="width:464px;height:auto" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/21A7888D-15E5-4872-9B11-AE2C5F870858_1_105_c.jpeg?w=768&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/21A7888D-15E5-4872-9B11-AE2C5F870858_1_105_c.jpeg?resize=225%2C300&
398ssl=1 225w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 399</div> 400 401 402<p class="has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>Another carrion flower called Zulu Giant (Stapelia gigantea) is equally breathtaking. </em>(Image credit: Melinda Heigel)</p> 403 404 405 406<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Notes</strong></p> 407 408 409 410<ol class="wp-block-list"> 411<li><a href="https://spotlight.stanford.edu/arizonagarden/feature/science-of-cacti-and-succulents" data-type="link" data-id="https://spotlight.stanford.edu/arizonagarden/feature/science-of-cacti-and-succulents">What’s the difference between a succulent and cactus</a>?</li> 412</ol> 413 414 415 416<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Resources and Additional Information </strong></p> 417 418 419 420<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://gardens.duke.edu/garden-talk/lesser-known-pollinators/" data-type="link" data-id="https://gardens.duke.edu/garden-talk/lesser-known-pollinators/">Flies and other lesser-known pollinators </a></p> 421 422 423 424<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/stapelia-leendertziae/" data-type="link" data-id="https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/stapelia-leendertziae/">Black Bells Carrion Flower</a></p> 425 426 427 428<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://wp.me/p2nIr1-2Jj" data-type="link" data-id="https://wp.me/p2nIr1-2Jj">Other Late-blooming Flowers to Enjoy in the Fall </a></p> 429 430 431 432<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2025/04/16/creating-and-maintaining-an-indoor-succulent-garden/" data-type="link" data-id="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2025/04/16/creating-and-maintaining-an-indoor-succulent-garden/">Creating and Maintaining an Indoor Succulent Garden </a></p> 433 434 435 436<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Article Short Link:</strong> <a href="https://wp.me/p2nIr1-888">https://wp.me/p2nIr1-888</a></p> 437 438 439 </div><!-- .entry-content --> 440 </div> 441</article><!-- #post-## --> 442 443 444 445<article id="post-30566" class="post-30566 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-bird-friendly-habitat category-deer-resistant-plants category-ecological-sustanability category-fall-blooming-plants category-insects category-pollinator-gardening category-uncategorized tag-durham-county-cooperative-extension tag-durham-nc"> 446 <div class="entry-wrapper"> 447 <header class="entry-header"> 448 <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/" rel="bookmark">Native Notes – Wildlife Hero Fragrant Spicebush (Lindera benzoin)</a></h1> 449 <div class="entry-meta"> 450 <span class="posted-on">On <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2026-09-23T10:00:00-04:00">September 23, 2026</time><time class="updated" datetime="2026-09-30T08:18:42-04:00">September 30, 2026</time></a></span><span class="byline"> By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/author/durhammastergardeners/">durhammastergardeners</a></span></span><span class="cat-links">In <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/bird-friendly-habitat/" rel="category tag">bird friendly habitat</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/easy-to-grow-plants/deer-resistant-plants/" rel="category tag">deer-resistant plants</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/ecological-sustanability/" rel="category tag">ecological sustanability</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/fall-blooming-plants/" rel="category tag">fall blooming plants</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/insects/" rel="category tag">insects</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/pollinator-gardening/" rel="category tag">pollinator gardening</a>, <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/category/uncategorized/" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a></span> </div><!-- .entry-meta --> 451 </header><!-- .entry-header --> 452 453 <div class="entry-content"> 454 455<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>By Laurel Babcock, NC State Extension Master Gardener<sup>SM </sup>volunteer of Durham County</em></p> 456 457 458<div class="wp-block-image"> 459<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Photo-of-Lindera-benzoin-fruit-Yellow-flowers-Phillip-Bouchard-CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0-1.jpg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="406" height="600" data-attachment-id="30576" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/photo-of-lindera-benzoin-fruit-yellow-flowers-phillip-bouchard-cc-by-nc-nd-2-0-1/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Photo-of-Lindera-benzoin-fruit-Yellow-flowers-Phillip-Bouchard-CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0-1.jpg?fit=406%2C600&ssl=1" data-orig-size="406,600" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-title="Photo of Lindera benzoin fruit Yellow flowers Phillip Bouchard CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 (1)" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Photo-of-Lindera-benzoin-fruit-Yellow-flowers-Phillip-Bouchard-CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0-1.jpg?fit=406%2C600&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Photo-of-Lindera-benzoin-fruit-Yellow-flowers-Phillip-Bouchard-CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0-1.jpg?resize=406%2C600&ssl=1" alt="Three bright yellow spicebush blooms on brown stem. " class="wp-image-30576" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Photo-of-Lindera-benzoin-fruit-Yellow-flowers-Phillip-Bouchard-CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0-1.jpg?w=406&ssl=1 406w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Photo-of-Lindera-benzoin-fruit-Yellow-flowers-Phillip-Bouchard-CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0-1.jpg?resize=203%2C300&
459ssl=1 203w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 406px) 100vw, 406px" /></a></figure> 460</div> 461 462 463<p class="has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>Yellow flowers of spicebush, Lindera benzoin.</em> (Image credit: Phillip Bouchard CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)</p> 464 465 466 467<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>This is the next installment in our series, Native Notes, where we explore plants that strengthen local ecosystems and support biodiversity while adding beauty to our Durham County, NC landscapes.</em></p> 468 469 470 471<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Taxonomy and Nomenclature</strong></h4> 472 473 474 475<p class="wp-block-paragraph">One shrub that I love to check on in my garden is spicebush (<em>Lindera benzoin). </em> It is a native shrub that brings beauty, fragrance, and wildlife value to my landscape with minimal maintenance. Spicebush belongs to the laurel family (Lauraceae) – the same family as sassafras, bay laurel and avocado. This shows in the plant’s wonderfully aromatic leaves, twigs and fruit. The Piedmont variety found in Durham County is <em>Lindera benzoin var. pubescens</em>.</p> 476 477 478 479<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Appearance</strong></p> 480 481 482 483<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Spicebush is a medium-sized, multi-stemmed deciduous shrub that typically reaches 6 to 15 feet tall and wide. The simple, alternate leaves are oblong with smooth margins. The broken twigs, fruit, and occasionally the leaves give off a lemony-spicy fragrance when crushed or broken, which explains the origin of the name. The Piedmont variety has slightly hairy undersides on the leaves and young twigs, sometimes visible only with a hand lens.</p> 484 485 486 487<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Though the small yellow blooms are fairly insignificant, they are among the earliest flowers in the NC spring and so offer an early food source for awakening pollinators. My spicebush starts blooming toward the end of March and lasts for about a week. The pale flower buds are distinctively ball-shaped and easy to spot on bare branches before the leaves emerge.</p> 488 489 490 491<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Spicebush shrubs are dioecious, meaning it has separate male and female plants. Male plants produce only pollen-bearing flowers. Female plants produce flowers that, if pollinated by a nearby male, develop into bright red berries in late summer to fall. Male flowers are typically fuller and have prominent yellow stamens, while female flowers are smaller and have a central pistil and fewer stamens. Most nurseries do not label their plants by sex, so if the berries are important to you, itâs best to plant several and observe them over time.</p> 492 493 494<div class="wp-block-image"> 495<figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Lindera-benzoin_comparison-of-male-to-female.png?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="362" data-attachment-id="30580" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/lindera-benzoin_comparison-of-male-to-female/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Lindera-benzoin_comparison-of-male-to-female.png?fit=685%2C387&ssl=1" data-orig-size="685,387" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-title="Lindera benzoin_comparison of male to female" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Lindera-benzoin_comparison-of-male-to-female.png?fit=640%2C362&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Lindera-benzoin_comparison-of-male-to-female.png?resize=640%2C362&ssl=1" alt="Comparison of male and female yellow spicebush flowers showing 4mm male blooms with anthers and stamens and 2mm female blooms with ovary, style and pistil. " class="wp-image-30580" style="width:685px;height:auto" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Lindera-benzoin_comparison-of-male-to-female.png?w=685&ssl=1 685w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Lindera-benzoin_comparison-of-male-to-female.png?resize=300%2C169&
495ssl=1 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 496</div> 497 498 499<p class="has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>Distinguishing features of male and female spicebush.</em> (Image credit: Laurel Babcock)</p> 500 501 502 503<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Come fall, the foliage turns a clear, bright yellow, a lovely addition to the autumn garden. The high-fat red berries, which ripen in late August through September, are eaten eagerly by migratory songbirds as fuel for their fall journeys south.</p> 504 505 506 507<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Habitat and Distribution</strong></h4> 508 509 510 511<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Distribution-of-Lindera-benzoin-1.png?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="257" data-attachment-id="30584" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/distribution-of-lindera-benzoin-2/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Distribution-of-Lindera-benzoin-1.png?fit=808%2C324&ssl=1" data-orig-size="808,324" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-title="Distribution of Lindera benzoin" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Distribution-of-Lindera-benzoin-1.png?fit=640%2C257&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Distribution-of-Lindera-benzoin-1.png?resize=640%2C257&ssl=1" alt="NC distribution map of spicebush Lindera benzoin across 82 counties in North Carolina. " class="wp-image-30584" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Distribution-of-Lindera-benzoin-1.png?w=808&ssl=1 808w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Distribution-of-Lindera-benzoin-1.png?resize=300%2C120&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Distribution-of-Lindera-benzoin-1.png?resize=768%2C308&ssl=1 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 512 513 514 515<p class="has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>Distribution map from Vascular Plants of North Carolina website</em> (Image credit: Laurel Babcock)</p> 516 517 518 519<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This species naturally occurs in the slightly acidic soils of forests, but spicebush also occurs in brown water swamps in higher elevations in North Carolina. It has been found throughout the mountains, Piedmont, and all but a few south-central counties in the coastal plain. It is deer-resistant and suitable for low areas, rain gardens, along wooded creeks, or swales. It is adaptable to a wide pH range and tolerates occasional flooding as well as occasional dry periods, making it a good choice for the variable Durham County weather. It spreads readily by root suckers but can be propagated by growing from seed by collecting ripe red berries in late summer or fall, by softwood cuttings, or by layering.</p> 520 521 522 523<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Red-ovoid-fruits-among-simple-leaves.-Some-leaves-yellowing.-Fruits.-Matthew-Beziat-CC-BY-NC-2.0.jpeg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="353" data-attachment-id="31104" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/red-ovoid-fruits-among-simple-leaves-some-leaves-yellowing-fruits-matthew-beziat-cc-by-nc-2-0/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Red-ovoid-fruits-among-simple-leaves.-Some-leaves-yellowing.-Fruits.-Matthew-Beziat-CC-BY-NC-2.0.jpeg?fit=800%2C441&ssl=1" data-orig-size="800,441" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-title="Red ovoid fruits among simple leaves. Some leaves yellowing. Fruits. Matthew Beziat CC BY-NC 2.0" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Red-ovoid-fruits-among-simple-leaves.-Some-leaves-yellowing.-Fruits.-Matthew-Beziat-CC-BY-NC-2.0.jpeg?fit=640%2C353&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Red-ovoid-fruits-among-simple-leaves.-Some-leaves-yellowing.-Fruits.-Matthew-Beziat-CC-BY-NC-2.0.jpeg?resize=64
5230%2C353&ssl=1" alt="Bright red spicebush berries on a stem with green and yellowing leaves in the background." class="wp-image-31104" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Red-ovoid-fruits-among-simple-leaves.-Some-leaves-yellowing.-Fruits.-Matthew-Beziat-CC-BY-NC-2.0.jpeg?w=800&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Red-ovoid-fruits-among-simple-leaves.-Some-leaves-yellowing.-Fruits.-Matthew-Beziat-CC-BY-NC-2.0.jpeg?resize=300%2C165&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Red-ovoid-fruits-among-simple-leaves.-Some-leaves-yellowing.-Fruits.-Matthew-Beziat-CC-BY-NC-2.0.jpeg?resize=768%2C423&ssl=1 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></a></figure> 524 525 526 527<p class="has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>Spicebush fruits and yellowing leaves approaching fall</em> (Image credit: Matthew Beziat CC BY-NC 2.0)</p> 528 529 530 531<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Even if you donât know the sex of your plant, you can still enjoy one of the most fascinating things about it: it is a critical host plant for the spicebush swallowtail butterfly (<em>Papilio troilus</em>)! These caterpillars curl up in the leaves and mimic snakes (see false eyespots) for protection! They also change to a deep yellow color after they stop eating leaves. </p> 532 533 534 535<div data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/"}' class="wp-block-jetpack-tiled-gallery aligncenter is-style-rectangular"><div class=""><div class="tiled-gallery__gallery"><div class="tiled-gallery__row"><div class="tiled-gallery__col" style="flex-basis:31.02834%"><figure class="tiled-gallery__item"><img decoding="async" data-attachment-id="30588" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/gallery-spicebush-swallowtail-1/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-1.png?fit=366%2C286&ssl=1" data-orig-size="366,286" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-title="Gallery Spicebush Swallowtail 1" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-1.png?fit=366%2C286&ssl=1" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Open image 1 of 4 in full-screen" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-1.png?strip=info&w=366&ssl=1 366w" alt="Immature brown swallowtail caterpillar on green spicebush leaf host in background." data-height="286" data-id="30588" data-link="https://durhammastergardeners.com/?attachment_id=30588" data-url="https://durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-1.png" data-width="366" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-1.png?ssl=1" data-amp-layout="responsive"/></figure></div><div class="tiled-gallery__col" style="flex-basis:17.91207%"><figure class="tiled-gallery__item"><img decoding="async" data-attachment-id="30587" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/gallery-spicebush-swallowtail-2/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-2.png?fit=274%2C372&ssl=1" data-orig-size="274,372" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-title="Gallery Spicebush Swallowtail 2" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-2.png?fit=274%2C372&ssl=1" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Open image 2 of 4 in full-screen" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-2.png?str
535ip=info&w=274&ssl=1 274w" alt="Mature green swallowtail caterpillar with yellow and black false eyespot markings against green spicebush leaf host in background." data-height="372" data-id="30587" data-link="https://durhammastergardeners.com/?attachment_id=30587" data-url="https://durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-2.png" data-width="274" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-2.png?ssl=1" data-amp-layout="responsive"/></figure></div><div class="tiled-gallery__col" style="flex-basis:18.23664%"><figure class="tiled-gallery__item"><img decoding="async" data-attachment-id="31101" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/spicebush-caterpillar-fall-2/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Spicebush-Caterpillar-Fall-1.jpg?fit=3024%2C4032&ssl=1" data-orig-size="3024,4032" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-title="Spicebush Caterpillar Fall" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Spicebush-Caterpillar-Fall-1.jpg?fit=640%2C853&ssl=1" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Open image 3 of 4 in full-screen" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Spicebush-Caterpillar-Fall-1-768x1024.jpg?strip=info&w=600&ssl=1 600w,https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Spicebush-Caterpillar-Fall-1-768x1024.jpg?strip=info&w=768&ssl=1 768w" alt="" data-height="4032" data-id="31101" data-link="https://durhammastergardeners.com/?attachment_id=31101" data-url="https://durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Spicebush-Caterpillar-Fall-1-768x1024.jpg" data-width="3024" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Spicebush-Caterpillar-Fall-1-768x1024.jpg?ssl=1" data-amp-layout="responsive"/></figure></div><div class="tiled-gallery__col" style="flex-basis:32.82295%"><figure class="tiled-gallery__item"><img decoding="async" data-attachment-id="30589" data-permalink="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/gallery-spicebush-swallowtail-3/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-3.png?fit=436%2C322&ssl=1" data-orig-size="436,322" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-title="Gallery Spicebush Swallowtail 3" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-3.png?fit=436%2C322&ssl=1" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Open image 4 of 4 in full-screen" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-3.png?strip=info&w=436&ssl=1 436w" alt="Black swallowtail butterfly with white and blue wing markings on pink blooms with green leafy background." data-height="322" data-id="30589" data-link="https://durhammastergardeners.com/?attachment_id=30589" data-url="https://durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-3.png" data-width="436" src="https://i0.wp.com/durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Gallery-Spicebush-Swallowtail-3.png?ssl=1" data-amp-layout="responsive"/></figure></div></div></div></div></div> 536 537 538 539<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>From left to right: “Spicebush Baby”</em> (Image credit: DrPhotoMoto CC BY-ND 2.0); <em>“Spicebush Swallowtail Caterpillar” </em>(Image credit: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service – Northwest Region, Public Domain Mark 1.0); <em>Spicebush caterpillar after ending leaf consumption</em> (Image credit: Laurel Babcock); <em>“Spicebush Swallowtail female” </em>(Image credit: Anita363 CC BY-NC 2.0).</p> 540 541 542 543<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Spicebush is a true native hero in the Piedmont. It brings four-season interest, supports native butterflies and birds, and thrives in the varied conditions foun
543d across central North Carolina. Whether youâre gardening on a city lot or stewarding a woodland edge, this is a plant that will reward you and your local ecosystem for years to come.</p> 544 545 546 547<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Resources and Additional Information</strong></p> 548 549 550 551<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/lindera-benzoin/">Lindera benzoin (Northern Spicebush, Spicebush, Spice Bush) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox</a></p> 552 553 554 555<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://harvest.cals.ncsu.edu/plantguidedb/index.cfm?ViewPlantID=10657">NC Common Wetland Plants Guide: Lindera benzoin</a></p> 556 557 558 559<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Penn State Extension discussion of spicebush in rain garden settings: <a href="https://extension.psu.edu/rain-garden-plants-spicebush">Rain Garden Plants: Spicebush</a></p> 560 561 562 563<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Article shortlink: <a href="https://wp.me/p2nIr1-7X0">https://wp.me/p2nIr1-7X0</a></p> 564 565 566 567<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><em>Edited by Susan Sharp, NC State Extension Master Gardener<sup>SM </sup>volunteer of Durham County</em></p> 568 569 570 </div><!-- .entry-content --> 571 </div> 572</article><!-- #post-## --> 573 574 575 576 <nav class="navigation posts-navigation" aria-label="Posts"> 577 <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Posts navigation</h2> 578 <div class="nav-links"><div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/page/2/" >Older posts</a></div></div> 579 </nav> 580 581 </main><!-- #main --> 582 </div><!-- #primary --> 583 584 585<div id="secondary" class="widget-area" role="complementary"> 586 <aside id="search-2" class="widget widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://durhammastergardeners.com/"> 587 <label> 588 <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> 589 <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search â¦" value="" name="s" title="Search for:" /> 590 </label> 591 <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> 592 <span class="genericon genericon-search"> 593 <span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span> 594 </span> 595 </button> 596</form></aside><aside id="gtranslate-3" class="widget widget_gtranslate"><div class="gtranslate_wrapper" id="gt-wrapper-42215837"></div></aside><aside id="widget_contact_info-2" class="widget widget_contact_info"><h1 class="widget-title">Contact Us</h1><div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/LocalBusiness"><div class="confit-address" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress" itemprop="address"><a href="https://maps.google.com/maps?z=16&q=721%2Bfoster%2Bstreet%2Bdurham%2C%2Bnc%2B27701" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">721 Foster Street�<br/>Durham, NC 27701</a></div><div class="confit-phone"><span itemprop="telephone"><a href="tel:919-560-0528">919-560-0528</a></span></div><div class="confit-hours" itemprop="openingHours">Monday - Friday, 9-4�<br/>[email protected]</div></div></aside> 597 <aside id="recent-posts-2" class="widget widget_recent_entries"> 598 <h1 class="widget-title">Recent Posts</h1> 599 <ul> 600 <li> 601 <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/30/meet-the-alluring-black-bells-carrion-flower/">Meet the Alluring Black Bells Carrion Flower</a> 602 </li> 603 <li> 604 <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/23/native-notes-wildlife-hero-fragrant-spicebush-lindera-benzoin/">Native Notes – Wildlife Hero Fragrant Spicebush (Lindera benzoin)</a> 605 </li> 606 <li> 607 <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/19/upcoming-gardening-events-october-2026/">Upcoming Gardening Events: October 2026</a> 608 </li> 609 <li> 610 <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/16/beautiful-and-resilient-the-attributes-of-strawflowers/">Beautiful and Resilient: The Attributes of Strawflowers</a> 611 </li> 612 <li> 613 <a href="https://durhammastergardeners.com/2026/09/09/a-time-for-celebration-and-a-call-to-action/">A Time for Celebration and a Call to Action!</a> 614 </li> 615 </ul> 616 617 </aside><aside id="blog_subscription-2" class="widget widget_blog_subscription jetpack_subscription_widget"><h1 class="widget-title">Follow Blog via Email</h1> 618 <div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__container"> 619 <form action="#" method="post" accept-charset="utf-8" id="subscribe-blog-blog_subscription-2" 620 data-blog="35205027" 621 data-post_access_level="everybody" > 622 <div id="subscribe-text"><p>Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.</p> 623</div> 624 <p id="subscribe-email"> 625 <label id="jetpack-subscribe-label" 626 class="screen-reader-text" 627 for="subscribe-field-blog_subscription-2"> 628 Email Address </label> 629 <input type="email" name="email" autocomplete="email" required="required" 630 value="" 631 id="subscribe-field-blog_subscription-2" 632 placeholder="Email Address" 633 /> 634 </p> 635 636 <p id="subscribe-submit" 637 > 638 <input type="hidden" name="action" value="subscribe"/> 639 <input type="hidden" name="source" value="https://durhammastergardeners.com/"/> 640 <input type="hidden" name="sub-type" value="widget"/> 641 <input type="hidden" name="redirect_fragment" value="subscribe-blog-blog_subscription-2"/> 642 <input type="hidden" id="_wpnonce" name="_wpnonce" value="cf54c53341" /><input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/" /> <button type="submit" 643 class="wp-block-button__link" 644 name="jetpack_subscriptions_widget" 645 > 646 Follow </button> 647 </p> 648 </form> 649 <div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__subscount"> 650 Join 659 other subscribers </div> 651 </div> 652 653</aside><aside id="linkcat-1356" class="widget widget_links"><h1 class="widget-title">Additional Resources</h1> 654 <ul class='xoxo blogroll'> 655<li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/DurhamMasterGardeners/">Facebook</a></li> 656<li><a href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/extension-gardener-handbook/glossary" title="Gardening terms defined, from NC Extension Gardener Handbook">Glossary</a></li> 657<li><a href="http://durham.ces.ncsu.edu/">NC Cooperative Extension – Durham County Center</a></li> 658<li><a href="https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/extension-gardener-handbook" title="a fundamental reference for gardening in North Carolina">NC Extension Gardener Handbook</a></li> 659<li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NCExtension">NC State Extension YouTube Channel</a></li> 660<li><a href="https://projects.ncsu.edu/cals/plantpath/extension/clinic/" title="Current pest alerts, how to submit a sample and other useful information">NCSU Plant Disease and Insect Clinic</a></li> 661<li><a href="http://www.trianglegardener.com/">Triangle Gardener</a></li> 662 663 </ul> 664</aside>
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1072<script data-wp-strategy="defer" defer id="tiled-gallery-js" src="https://durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/tiled-gallery/tiled-gallery/tiled-gallery.min.js?ver=16.3-a.7"></script>
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1073<script id="jetpack-stats-js-before"> 1074_stq = window._stq || []; 1075_stq.push([ "view", {"v":"ext","blog":"35205027","post":"0","tz":"-4","srv":"durhammastergardeners.com","arch_home":"1","hp":"atomic","ac":"2","amp":"0","j":"1:16.3-a.7"} ]); 1076_stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "35205027", "0" ]); 1077//# sourceURL=jetpack-stats-js-before 1078</script>
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1079<script data-wp-strategy="defer" defer fetchpriority="low" id="jetpack-stats-js" src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202640.js"></script>
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1084<script id="wp-dom-ready-js" src="https://durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/plugins/gutenberg/build/scripts/dom-ready/index.min.js?ver=3fe927cab37bf38d6a23"></script>
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1085<script type='text/javascript' src='https://durhammastergardeners.com/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?m=1784059681'></script>
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1086<script data-wp-strategy="defer" defer id="jetpack-block-tiled-gallery-js" src="https://durhammastergardeners.com/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/blocks/tiled-gallery/view.js?minify=false&ver=16.3-a.7"></script>
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