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278          <h3>Overview</h3>
279
280The Minimum Information About Plant Phenotyping Experiments (MIAPPE) is a data standard designed to harmonize the description
281of experimental and computed data to enable its sharing, publication and reuse. 
282It is designed to handle datasets of crops and woody plant grown in greenhouses, single fields or experimental networks overs
283one to several years.
284
285
286The main elements of a MIAPPE datasets are shown on the figure below and consist of the Dataset itself (or Investigation
287following ISA), the Study, the Biological Material and the Observation Variables.
288</br>
289<img src="//miappe.github.io//miappe-website/static/MIAPPE-OVERVIEW-nutshell.png" />
290</br>
291See the latest <a href="https://github.com/MIAPPE/MIAPPE">MIAPPE specifications</a>
292(<a href="https://github.com/MIAPPE/MIAPPE/blob/master/MIAPPE_Checklist_Data_Model.pdf">PDF format</a>
293<a href="https://github.com/MIAPPE/MIAPPE/tree/master/Templates">data exchange templates </a>) for a full description
294of the standard.
295
296<h4>Dataset (Investigation)</h4>
297It contains the basic information shared by any type of datasets: title, authors list, description, a DOI for citability, etc....
298
299<h4>Studies</h4>
300A MIAPPE dataset contains one to many Studies, each studies being one experiment in one location over one to several years.
301This multiannual capabilities allows to handle perenial plants such as trees or grape. A Study can also be virtual to hold the
302result of a computation voer one to several experimental studies. It contains also the geographical coordinates of the Study.
303
304<h4>Biological Material</h4>
305This is one of the two most essential description to enable FAIR data sharing. 
306It is the biological material being studied (e.g. plants grown from a certain bag or seed, or plants grown in a particular
307field) including identification and traceability. The original source of that material (e.g., the seeds or the original plant
308cloned) is called the material source, which, when held by a material repository, should have its stock identified.
309
310<h4>Observed Variable</h4>
311An observed variable describes how a measurement has been made. It typically takes the form of a measured characteristic of
312the observation unit (plant or environmental trait), associated to the method and unit of measurement. Multiple variables with
313the same combination of trait, method and scale can be used in association with different plant parts (leaf 1, leaf 2), 
314when this distinction is necessary for observations referring to different parts of the same observation unit.
315
316<h3>Implementations</h3>
317MIAPPE is a pure specification that has been implemented in several systems and tools:
318<ul>
319  <li>
320    MIAPPE is a key element in the <a href="https://rdmkit.elixir-europe.org/plant_sciences">RDM Kit plant domain</a> as well
321    as the <a href="https://rdmkit.elixir-europe.org/plant_phenomics_assembly">plant phenomic tool assembly</a>
322  </li>
323  <li>Databases such as <a href="https://www.phis.inrae.fr/">PHIS</a>, <a href="https://urgi.versailles.inra.fr/gnpis">GnpIS</a>, ...</li>
324  <li>File archives and in particular ISA-MIAPPE</li>
325  <li>the <a href="https://brapi.org">Breeding API</a> web services</li>
326</ul>
327 
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