PageSourceSearch

https://cdrxiv.org/preprint/551

html cdrxiv.org collected 2026-10-03 22:54:57 UTC 129,049 bytes, 1 lines download raw bytes

1<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/933613da09535761.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/e0a38f3c0528989e.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="preload" as="script" fetchPriority="low" href="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-01eb035d7e7e5baf.js"/>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-2574ebabfddc5552.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/2117-46c5acfbca00b179.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-app-be3d940aef6bd3eb.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/294-6a801156885ba17d.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/2972-e16052dfc5d7a6ee.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/7390-4083d9322cdab0c9.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/7994-8b4a7be71746610c.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/6451-cc36989617d0d75e.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/7375-73e48fe3349c8a95.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/preprint/%5Bid%5D/loading-877aa0993fe58024.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/9b0008ae-abe72828783b2879.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/2183-e51fa5807b4d8758.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/306-2fff7d5ff93aad71.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/7364-734f398d9a910263.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/preprint/%5Bid%5D/page-2f12ed10b96023a1.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-8b70f122ef0f9db4.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/error-c8aaa73eef0a508a.js" async=""></script>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/app/not-found-af832e56e4171550.js" async=""></script>
1<link rel="preload" href="/js/script.file-downloads.outbound-links.js" as="script"/><title>Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands – CDRXIV</title><meta name="description" content="Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed silicate rocks has been proposed as a potential form of carbon dioxide removal. This process requires relatively low capital cost, has high global implementation potential, and can provide agronomic and fertility co-benefits to landowners. However, to date, there are limited published, at-scale estimates of empirically constrained weathering rates on working farms. Here, we present estimates of ultrafine basalt enhanced weathering rates from an extended growing season based on over 1,800 samples from 24 fields across Southern Virginia and North Carolina, compared against 24 unapplied fields. This deployment utilizes a paired sample-resample design to constrain between-field heterogeneity, thereby reducing uncertainty. Area-weighted means of three soil mass balance approaches showed that 21.23 ± 7.44% (SEM) of the applied feedstock weathered in approximately six months, with an associated potential carbon dioxide removal of 3.79 ± 1.36 tCO2 ha-1. This value is consistent with weathering rates predicted from a first-order kinetic model driven by feedstock-specific properties."/><meta name="citation_journal_title" content="CDRXIV"/><meta name="citation_title" content="Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Ella Milliken"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Elliot Chang"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Robert Rioux"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Isabella Chiaravalloti"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Declan Miller"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Ella Xu"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Ben Brodin"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Yoshiki Kanzaki"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Chris Reinhard"/><meta name="citation_author" content="Noah Planavsky"/><meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2026/9/25"/><meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://cdrxiv.org/repository/object/551/download/669/"/><meta property="og:title" content="Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands – CDRXIV"/><meta property="og:description" content="Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed silicate rocks has been proposed as a potential form of carbon dioxide removal. This process requires relatively low capital cost, has high global implementation potential, and can provide agronomic and fertility co-benefits to landowners. However, to date, there are limited published, at-scale estimates of empirically constrained weathering rates on working farms. Here, we present estimates of ultrafine basalt enhanced weathering rates from an extended growing season based on over 1,800 samples from 24 fields across Southern Virginia and North Carolina, compared against 24 unapplied fields. This deployment utilizes a paired sample-resample design to constrain between-field heterogeneity, thereby reducing uncertainty. Area-weighted means of three soil mass balance approaches showed that 21.23 ± 7.44% (SEM) of the applied feedstock weathered in approximately six months, with an associated potential carbon dioxide removal of 3.79 ± 1.36 tCO2 ha-1. This value is consistent with weathering rates predicted from a first-order kinetic model driven by feedstock-specific properties."/><meta property="og:image:alt" content="CDRXIV submission social card"/><meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdrxiv.org/preprint/551/opengraph-image?be9c9efcd3e68893"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="630"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands – CDRXIV"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed silicate rocks has been proposed as a potential form of carbon dioxide removal. This process requires relatively low capital cost, has high global implementation potential, and can provide agronomic and fertility co-benefits to landowners. However, to date, there are limited published, at-scale estimates of empirically constrained weathering rates on working farms. Here, we present estimates of ultrafine basalt enhanced weathering rates from an extended growing season based on over 1,800 samples from 24 fields across Southern Virginia and North Carolina, compared against 24 unapplied fields. This deployment utilizes a paired sample-resample design to constrain between-field heterogeneity, thereby reducing uncertainty. Area-weighted means of three soil mass balance approaches showed that 21.23 ± 7.44% (SEM) of the applied feedstock weathered in approximately six months, with an associated potential carbon dioxide removal of 3.79 ± 1.36 tCO2 ha-1. This value is consistent with weathering rates predicted from a first-order kinetic model driven by feedstock-specific properties."/><meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="CDRXIV submission social card"/><meta name="twitter:image:type" content="image/png"/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cdrxiv.org/preprint/551/opengraph-image?be9c9efcd3e68893"/>
1<meta name="twitter:image:width" content="1200"/><meta name="twitter:image:height" content="630"/><link rel="icon" href="/images/icon.png"/><link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.carbonplan.org/quadrant/QuadrantText-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="https://fonts.carbonplan.org/gt_pressura_mono/GT-Pressura-Mono-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-42372ed130431b0a.js" noModule=""></script>
1</head><body><style data-emotion="css-global 1hert04">html{--theme-ui-colors-text:#000;--theme-ui-colors-background:#F4F5F6;--theme-ui-colors-primary:#FFFFFF;--theme-ui-colors-muted:#E3E6E8;--theme-ui-colors-highlight:#D2FF39;--theme-ui-colors-white:#FFFFFF;--theme-ui-colors-blue:#0000FF;--theme-ui-colors-purple:#8032C7;--theme-ui-colors-pink:#FD89FF;--theme-ui-colors-green:#74F889;--theme-ui-colors-listBorderGrey:#888;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);}</style><style data-emotion="css-global 17noj0z">*{box-sizing:border-box;}html{font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;background:var(--theme-ui-colors-white);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;font-synthesis:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){html{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){html{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){html{font-size:18px;}}body{margin:0;}</style><main><style data-emotion="css n0nxbw">.css-n0nxbw{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);width:100vw;height:100dvh;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-n0nxbw{background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-n0nxbw{background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-n0nxbw{background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);}}</style><div class="css-n0nxbw"><style data-emotion="css 1g17iv0">.css-1g17iv0{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin:8px;height:calc(100dvh - 2 * 8px);width:calc(100vw - 2 * 8px);position:fixed;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1g17iv0{margin:8px;height:calc(100dvh - 2 * 8px);width:calc(100vw - 2 * 8px);}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1g17iv0{margin:12px;height:calc(100dvh - 2 * 12px);width:calc(100vw - 2 * 12px);}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1g17iv0{margin:12px;height:calc(100dvh - 2 * 12px);width:calc(100vw - 2 * 12px);}}</style><div class="css-1g17iv0"><style data-emotion="css h6tdyn">.css-h6tdyn{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;height:100%;overflow-y:scroll;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);border:1px solid;border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-h6tdyn{background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);padding-left:36px;padding-right:36px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-h6tdyn{background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);padding-left:36px;padding-right:36px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-h6tdyn{background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);padding-left:52px;padding-right:52px;}}</style><div class="css-h6tdyn"><style data-emotion="css oobro5">.css-oobro5{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;height:100%;gap:20px;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}</style><style data-emotion="css xu9v7z">.css-xu9v7z{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;height:100%;gap:20px;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}</style><div class="css-xu9v7z"><style data-emotion="css 1yz7e9k">.css-1yz7e9k{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;}</style><div class="css-1yz7e9k"><style data-emotion="css xcnya5">.css-xcnya5{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-xcnya5{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-xcnya5{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-xcnya5{font-size:18px;}}
1.css-xcnya5:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-xcnya5:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}</style><a href="/" class="css-xcnya5"><style data-emotion="css 1bbsu1k">.css-1bbsu1k{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:65px;height:65px;position:fixed;z-index:3;top:7px;right:7px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1bbsu1k{width:65px;height:65px;top:7px;right:7px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1bbsu1k{width:100px;height:100px;top:12px;right:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1bbsu1k{width:100px;height:100px;top:12px;right:12px;}}</style><svg viewBox="0 0 100 100" fill="transparent" class="css-1bbsu1k"><style data-emotion="css 2qfwb7">.css-2qfwb7{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:inherit;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-2qfwb7{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-2qfwb7{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-2qfwb7{display:none;}}</style><path d="M0 0 H100 V100 H0 L0 0" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-background)" class="css-2qfwb7"></path><style data-emotion="css 15agy8a">.css-15agy8a{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-15agy8a{display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-15agy8a{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-15agy8a{display:none;}}</style><path d="M0 0 H100 V100 H0 L0 0" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-background)" class="css-15agy8a"></path><style data-emotion="css pcomvv">.css-pcomvv{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-pcomvv{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-pcomvv{display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-pcomvv{display:none;}}</style><path d="M0 0 H100 V100 H0 L0 0" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-primary)" class="css-pcomvv"></path><style data-emotion="css 1nik23t">.css-1nik23t{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1nik23t{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1nik23t{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1nik23t{display:inherit;}}</style><path d="M0 0 H100 V100 H0 L0 0" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-primary)" class="css-1nik23t"></path><g class="css-1yz7e9k"><style data-emotion="css 112etd4">.css-112etd4{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:inherit;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-112etd4{display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-112etd4{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-112etd4{display:none;}}</style><path id="fold" d="M1 99 L1 3.5 L96.5 99 Z" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-muted)" stroke="var(--theme-ui-colors-text)" stroke-width="1.5" class="css-112etd4"></path><style data-emotion="css fxii3e">.css-fxii3e{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-fxii3e{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-fxii3e{display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-fxii3e{display:inherit;}}</style><path id="fold" d="M0.5 99.5 L0.5 0.5 L99.5 99.5 Z" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-muted)" stroke="var(--theme-ui-colors-text)" class="css-fxii3e"></path><path d="M18.9089 37.031C20.0902 38.1695 20.745 39.4643 20.8748 40.9155H18.6184C18.3677 39.8153 17.8663 38.9423 17.1172 38.2993C16.3665 37.6533 15.3135 37.3319 13.9583 37.3319C12.3051 37.3319 10.9705 37.9247 9.95439 39.1075C8.93684 40.2902 8.42953 42.1042 8.42953 44.5493C8.42953 46.552 8.88818 48.1772 9.80691 49.4219C10.7242 50.6695 12.0928 51.2919 13.914 51.2919C15.5893 51.2919 16.8664 50.6371 17.7424 49.3245C18.207 48.6343 18.5535 47.7288 18.7821 46.6021H21.0385C20.8394 48.4013 20.1802 49.9115 19.0608 51.1267C17.7188 52.5926 15.9093 53.327 13.6338 53.327C11.6709 53.327 10.0237 52.7253 8.68903 51.5219C6.93411 49.9321 6.05664 47.4752 6.05664 44.1541C6.05664 41.6322 6.71584 39.5646 8.03427 37.9513C9.45886 36.1963 11.4247 35.3203 13.9317 35.3203C16.0701 35.3203 17.7291 35.8895 18.9089 37.031Z" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-text)"></path><path d="M7.64348 55.7102H14.4744C16.7927 55.7102 18.5904 56.542 19.869 58.2114C21.009 59.7156 21.5782 61.6416 21.5782 63.9924C21.5782 65.8064 21.242 67.4463 20.5695 68.9122C19.3823 71.5018 17.3428 72.7967 14.4508 72.7967H7.64348V55.7102ZM14.0202 70.8205C14.7856 70.8205 15.4153 70.7379 15.9079 70.5757C16.7868 70.2719 17.508 69.6909 18.0683 68.8296C18.5167 68.1394 18.8381 67.2575 19.0358 66.178C19.1493 65.535 19.2054 64.9363 19.2054 64.3877C19.2054 62.27 18.7939 60.6271 17.9725 59.4561C17.1496 58.2852 15.8238 57.6982 13.9966 57.6982H9.98239V70.8206L14.0202 70.8205Z" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-text)"></path><path d="M7.81896 75.6341H15.5849C16.865 75.6341 17.9194 75.8229 18.7497 76.2034C20.3261 76.9319 21.1136 78.2769 21.1136 80.2383C21.1136 81.2618 20.9028 82.0994 20.4795 82.7513C20.0562 83.4031 19.4664 83.9281 18.7054 84.3234C19.372 84.5947 19.8749 84.9516 20.2126 85.3911C20.5488 85.8335 20.7376 86.5532 20.7759 87.5442L20.857 89.836C20.8806 90.4878 20.9352 90.9716 21.0207 91.2901C21.1608 91.8328 21.4086 92.1809 21.7655 92.3372V92.7206H18.9266C18.8499 92.5731 18.788 92.3844 18.7408 92.1514C18.6936 91.9183 18.6553 91.4671 18.6243 90.8005L18.4842 87.9512C18.4326 86.8334 18.0285 86.0872 17.2764 85.7067C16.8458 85.4973 16.1718 85.3911 15.2531 85.3911H10.1328V92.7206H7.81899L7.81896 75.6341ZM15.3371 83.4621C16.3916 83.4621 17.2278 83.2438 17.8427 82.8103C18.4562 82.3767 18.7644 81.5921 18.7644 80.4595C18.7644 79.2443 18.3338 78.4126 17.474 77.9701C17.0139 77.7401 16.4004 77.6221 15.6306 77.6221H10.1328V83.4621H15.3371Z" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-text)"></path><path d="M25.7045 92.7206H22.9232L28.971 83.9547L23.3022 75.6341H26.1882L30.4989 82.1702L34.7756 75.6341H37.523L31.8557 83.9547L37.8003 92.7206H34.9364L30.3839 85.6949L25.7045 92.7206Z" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-text)"></path><path d="M39.7248 75.6341H42.0637V92.7206H39.7248V75.6341Z" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-text)"></path><path d="M46.6988 75.6341L51.6081 90.184L56.4585 75.6341H59.0526L52.8175 92.7206H50.3635L44.1401 75.6341H46.6988Z" fill="var(--theme-ui-colors-text)"></path></g></svg></a><style data-emotion="css 1mxkdg0">.css-1mxkdg0{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;contain:layout;}</style><div class="css-1mxkdg0"><style data-emotion="css 1se2ah">.css-1se2ah{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;position:fixed;left:0;right:0;top:0;height:100%;z-index:5000;pointer-events:none;display:none;}</style><div class="css-1se2ah"><style data-emotion="css 3fs42a">.css-3fs42a{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:initial;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-3fs42a{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-3fs42a{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-3fs42a{display:none;}}</style><div class="css-3fs42a"><style data-emotion="css 1s9wmfe">.css-1s9wmfe{-webkit-column-gap:20px;column-gap:20px;row-gap:0;height:100%;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1s9wmfe{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1s9wmfe{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1s9wmfe{-webkit-column-gap:40px;column-gap:40px;row-gap:0;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1wjigz4">.css-1wjigz4{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:grid;grid-gap:12px;grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr);-webkit-column-gap:20px;column-gap:20px;row-gap:0;height:100%;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1wjigz4{grid-template-columns:repeat(8, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1wjigz4{grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1wjigz4{grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1wjigz4{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1wjigz4{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1wjigz4{-webkit-column-gap:40px;column-gap:40px;row-gap:0;}}</style><div class="css-1wjigz4"><style data-emotion="css 1nybl4j">
1.css-1nybl4j{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:2;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1nybl4j{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:2;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1nybl4j{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:2;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1nybl4j{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:2;}}</style><div class="css-1nybl4j"></div><style data-emotion="css 1t8go82">.css-1t8go82{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:2;grid-column-end:3;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1t8go82{grid-column-start:2;grid-column-end:3;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1t8go82{grid-column-start:2;grid-column-end:3;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1t8go82{grid-column-start:2;grid-column-end:3;}}</style><div class="css-1t8go82"></div><style data-emotion="css mksu9y">.css-mksu9y{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:3;grid-column-end:4;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-mksu9y{grid-column-start:3;grid-column-end:4;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-mksu9y{grid-column-start:3;grid-column-end:4;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-mksu9y{grid-column-start:3;grid-column-end:4;}}</style><div class="css-mksu9y"></div><style data-emotion="css 1kffvnb">.css-1kffvnb{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:5;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1kffvnb{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:5;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1kffvnb{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:5;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1kffvnb{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:5;}}</style><div class="css-1kffvnb"></div><style data-emotion="css zzknk6">.css-zzknk6{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:6;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-zzknk6{grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:6;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-zzknk6{grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:6;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-zzknk6{grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:6;}}</style><div class="css-zzknk6"></div><style data-emotion="css xw5uxv">.css-xw5uxv{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:6;grid-column-end:7;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-xw5uxv{grid-column-start:6;grid-column-end:7;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-xw5uxv{grid-column-start:6;grid-column-end:7;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-xw5uxv{grid-column-start:6;grid-column-end:7;}}</style><div class="css-xw5uxv"></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css par3uv">.css-par3uv{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-par3uv{display:initial;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-par3uv{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-par3uv{display:none;}}</style><div class="css-par3uv"><div class="css-1wjigz4"><div class="css-1nybl4j"></div><div class="css-1t8go82"></div><div class="css-mksu9y"></div><div class="css-1kffvnb"></div><div class="css-zzknk6"></div><div class="css-xw5uxv"></div><style data-emotion="css 1om1e4n">.css-1om1e4n{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:8;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1om1e4n{grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:8;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1om1e4n{grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:8;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1om1e4n{grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:8;}}</style><div class="css-1om1e4n"></div><style data-emotion="css 2fhi2v">.css-2fhi2v{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:8;grid-column-end:9;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-2fhi2v{grid-column-start:8;grid-column-end:9;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-2fhi2v{grid-column-start:8;grid-column-end:9;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-2fhi2v{grid-column-start:8;grid-column-end:9;}}</style><div class="css-2fhi2v"></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1t8uzyp">.css-1t8uzyp{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1t8uzyp{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1t8uzyp{display:initial;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1t8uzyp{display:none;}}</style><div class="css-1t8uzyp"><div class="css-1wjigz4"><div class="css-1nybl4j"></div><div class="css-1t8go82"></div><div class="css-mksu9y"></div><div class="css-1kffvnb"></div><div class="css-zzknk6"></div><div class="css-xw5uxv"></div><div class="css-1om1e4n"></div><div class="css-2fhi2v"></div><style data-emotion="css nyxlu5">.css-nyxlu5{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:9;grid-column-end:10;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-nyxlu5{grid-column-start:9;grid-column-end:10;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-nyxlu5{grid-column-start:9;grid-column-end:10;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-nyxlu5{grid-column-start:9;grid-column-end:10;}}</style><div class="css-nyxlu5"></div><style data-emotion="css ybxe2u">.css-ybxe2u{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:10;grid-column-end:11;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-ybxe2u{grid-column-start:10;grid-column-end:11;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-ybxe2u{grid-column-start:10;grid-column-end:11;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-ybxe2u{grid-column-start:10;grid-column-end:11;}}</style><div class="css-ybxe2u"></div><style data-emotion="css 16cex6t">.css-16cex6t{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:11;grid-column-end:12;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-16cex6t{grid-column-start:11;grid-column-end:12;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-16cex6t{grid-column-start:11;grid-column-end:12;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-16cex6t{grid-column-start:11;grid-column-end:12;}}</style><div class="css-16cex6t"></div><style data-emotion="css b1b5wt">.css-b1b5wt{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:12;grid-column-end:13;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-highlight);opacity:0.1;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-b1b5wt{grid-column-start:12;grid-column-end:13;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-b1b5wt{grid-column-start:12;grid-column-end:13;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-b1b5wt{grid-column-start:12;grid-column-end:13;}}</style><div class="css-b1b5wt"></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 19alb2m">.css-19alb2m{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-19alb2m{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-19alb2m{display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-19alb2m{display:initial;}}</style><div class="css-19alb2m"><div class="css-1wjigz4"><div class="css-1nybl4j"></div><div class="css-1t8go82"></div><div class="css-mksu9y"></div><div class="css-1kffvnb"></div><div class="css-zzknk6"></div><div class="css-xw5uxv"></div><div class="css-1om1e4n"></div><div class="css-2fhi2v"></div><div class="css-nyxlu5"></div><div class="css-ybxe2u"></div><div class="css-16cex6t"></div><div class="css-b1b5wt"></div></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1x5196t">.css-1x5196t{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:0;margin-top:-24px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);z-index:2;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1x5196t{margin-top:-24px;padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px;margin-left:-24px;margin-right:-24px;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1x5196t{margin-top:-27px;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1x5196t{margin-top:-27px;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);}}</style><header class="css-1x5196t"><style data-emotion="css spn1pq">.css-spn1pq{-webkit-column-gap:20px;column-gap:20px;row-gap:0;height:65px;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-spn1pq{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;height:65px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-spn1pq{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;height:100px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-spn1pq{-webkit-column-gap:40px;column-gap:40px;row-gap:0;height:100px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css mcoh4c">.css-mcoh4c{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:grid;grid-gap:12px;grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr);-webkit-column-gap:20px;column-gap:20px;row-gap:0;height:65px;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-mcoh4c{grid-template-columns:repeat(8, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-mcoh4c{grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-mcoh4c{grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-mcoh4c{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;height:65px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-mcoh4c{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;height:100px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-mcoh4c{-webkit-column-gap:40px;column-gap:40px;row-gap:0;height:100px;}}</style><div class="css-mcoh4c"><style data-emotion="css 1eif0u2">.css-1eif0u2{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:4;display:inherit;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1eif0u2{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:4;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1eif0u2{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:4;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1eif0u2{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:4;}}</style><div class="css-1eif0u2"><style data-emotion="css 1mq76ll">.css-1mq76ll{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;position:relative;width:100%;}</style><div class="css-1mq76ll"><form action="/search"><style data-emotion="css rt16t8">.css-rt16t8{--theme-ui-input-autofill-bg:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:12px;box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset;background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);padding-right:20px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-rt16t8{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-rt16t8{font-size:14px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-rt16t8{font-size:16px;}}.css-rt16t8::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}.css-rt16t8::-moz-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}.css-rt16t8:-ms-input-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}.css-rt16t8::placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}</style><style data-emotion="css c4uxk6">.css-c4uxk6{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:block;width:100%;padding:8px;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;border:1px solid;border-radius:4px;color:inherit;background-color:transparent;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px #c5bbbb inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px #E8E8E8 inset;border-radius:1px;background:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;width:100%;outline:none;--theme-ui-input-autofill-bg:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:12px;box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset;background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);padding-right:20px;}.css-c4uxk6:autofill,.css-c4uxk6:autofill:hover,.css-c4uxk6:autofill:focus{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1000px var(--theme-ui-input-autofill-bg);font-size:inherit;}.css-c4uxk6:autofill:first-line,.css-c4uxk6:autofill:hover:first-line,.css-c4uxk6:autofill:focus:first-line{font-size:1rem;}.css-c4uxk6:-webkit-autofill,.css-c4uxk6:-webkit-autofill:hover,.css-c4uxk6:-webkit-autofill:focus{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1000px var(--theme-ui-input-autofill-bg);font-size:inherit;}.css-c4uxk6:-webkit-autofill:first-line,.css-c4uxk6:-webkit-autofill:hover:first-line,.css-c4uxk6:-webkit-autofill:focus:first-line{font-size:1rem;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-c4uxk6{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-c4uxk6{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-c4uxk6{font-size:18px;}}.css-c4uxk6:focus{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}.css-c4uxk6:focus::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-muted);}.css-c4uxk6:focus::-moz-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-muted);}.css-c4uxk6:focus:-ms-input-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-muted);}.css-c4uxk6:focus::placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-muted);}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-c4uxk6{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-c4uxk6{font-size:14px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-c4uxk6{font-size:16px;}}.css-c4uxk6::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}.css-c4uxk6::-moz-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}.css-c4uxk6:-ms-input-placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}.css-c4uxk6::placeholder{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}</style><input placeholder="Search" aria-label="Preprint search" class="css-c4uxk6" name="query"/><style data-emotion="css 1ihccxc">.css-1ihccxc{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;position:absolute;right:12px;top:50%;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-moz-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);letter-spacing:0.1em;background:none;border:none;cursor:pointer;padding:0;font-size:inherit;font-family:inherit;}</style><button type="submit" aria-label="Submit search" class="css-1ihccxc">&gt;&gt;</button></form></div></div><style data-emotion="css vil1aj">.css-vil1aj{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:9;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-vil1aj{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:9;display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-vil1aj{grid-column-s
1tart:5;grid-column-end:11;display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-vil1aj{grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:11;display:inherit;}}</style><div class="css-vil1aj"><style data-emotion="css xve7fx">.css-xve7fx{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:16px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-xve7fx{gap:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-xve7fx{gap:40px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-xve7fx{gap:64px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1gjsm4h">.css-1gjsm4h{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:16px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1gjsm4h{gap:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1gjsm4h{gap:40px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1gjsm4h{gap:64px;}}</style><nav class="css-1gjsm4h"><style data-emotion="css j2olvk">.css-j2olvk{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1;font-size:16px;}.css-j2olvk:hover{text-decoration-thickness:0.12em;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-j2olvk{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-j2olvk{font-size:18px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-j2olvk{font-size:24px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1ayuiq6">.css-1ayuiq6{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1;font-size:16px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1ayuiq6{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1ayuiq6{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1ayuiq6{font-size:18px;}}.css-1ayuiq6:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-1ayuiq6:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}.css-1ayuiq6:hover{text-decoration-thickness:0.12em;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1ayuiq6{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1ayuiq6{font-size:18px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1ayuiq6{font-size:24px;}}</style><a class="css-1ayuiq6" href="/">Home</a><a class="css-1ayuiq6" href="/about">About</a><a class="css-1ayuiq6" href="/submit/overview">Submit</a><style data-emotion="css he5zi3">.css-he5zi3{width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1;font-size:16px;white-space:nowrap;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:baseline;-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;gap:8px;}.css-he5zi3:hover{text-decoration-thickness:0.12em;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-he5zi3{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-he5zi3{font-size:18px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-he5zi3{font-size:24px;}}.css-he5zi3:visited path{fill:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}</style><style data-emotion="css 1cbl08x">.css-1cbl08x{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1;font-size:16px;white-space:nowrap;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:baseline;-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;gap:8px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1cbl08x{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1cbl08x{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1cbl08x{font-size:18px;}}.css-1cbl08x:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-1cbl08x:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}.css-1cbl08x:hover{text-decoration-thickness:0.12em;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1cbl08x{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1cbl08x{font-size:18px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1cbl08x{font-size:24px;}}
1.css-1cbl08x:visited path{fill:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}</style><a class="css-1cbl08x" href="/account"><style data-emotion="css 1a5w15r">.css-1a5w15r{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;}</style><span class="css-1a5w15r">Account<!-- -->    </span><style data-emotion="css 1c6llwj">.css-1c6llwj{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;height:12px;margin-left:-20px;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1c6llwj{height:12px;margin-left:-20px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1c6llwj{height:12px;margin-left:-20px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1c6llwj{height:16px;margin-left:-24px;}}</style><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="css-1c6llwj"><path fill="currentColor" d="M224 256A128 128 0 1 0 224 0a128 128 0 1 0 0 256zm-45.7 48C79.8 304 0 383.8 0 482.3C0 498.7 13.3 512 29.7 512l388.6 0c16.4 0 29.7-13.3 29.7-29.7C448 383.8 368.2 304 269.7 304l-91.4 0z"></path></svg></a></nav></div><style data-emotion="css yv9hmz">.css-yv9hmz{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:6;display:inherit;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-yv9hmz{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:6;display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-yv9hmz{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:6;display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-yv9hmz{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:6;display:none;}}</style><div class="css-yv9hmz"><style data-emotion="css 1hwhktd">.css-1hwhktd{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;}@media (scripting: none){.css-1hwhktd{display:none;}}</style><div class="css-1hwhktd"><style data-emotion="css 1uhyhug">.css-1uhyhug{font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:12px;cursor:pointer;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);border-radius:0;box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset;outline:none;-webkit-transition:0.05s all;transition:0.05s all;padding-bottom:9px;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1uhyhug{font-size:12px;padding-bottom:9px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1uhyhug{font-size:14px;padding-bottom:9px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1uhyhug{font-size:16px;padding-bottom:10px;}}.css-1uhyhug:hover{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}.css-1uhyhug:active{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset;}.css-1uhyhug:active>div{-webkit-transform:translate(1px, 1px);-moz-transform:translate(1px, 1px);-ms-transform:translate(1px, 1px);transform:translate(1px, 1px);}.css-1uhyhug:disabled{background:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px #c5bbbb inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px #E8E8E8 inset;cursor:not-allowed;}.css-1uhyhug:focus-visible{outline:1px solid blue;outline-offset:-1px;}</style><style data-emotion="css r4muc6">.css-r4muc6{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;display:inline-block;text-align:center;line-height:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;font-size:inherit;padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-white);background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);border:0;border-radius:4px;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:12px;cursor:pointer;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);border-radius:0;box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset;outline:none;-webkit-transition:0.05s all;transition:0.05s all;padding-bottom:9px;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-r4muc6{font-size:12px;padding-bottom:9px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-r4muc6{font-size:14px;padding-bottom:9px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-r4muc6{font-size:16px;padding-bottom:10px;}}
1.css-r4muc6:hover{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}.css-r4muc6:active{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset;}.css-r4muc6:active>div{-webkit-transform:translate(1px, 1px);-moz-transform:translate(1px, 1px);-ms-transform:translate(1px, 1px);transform:translate(1px, 1px);}.css-r4muc6:disabled{background:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px #c5bbbb inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px #E8E8E8 inset;cursor:not-allowed;}.css-r4muc6:focus-visible{outline:1px solid blue;outline-offset:-1px;}</style><button aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="mobile-menu" class="css-r4muc6"><div class="css-1yz7e9k">Menu</div></button></div><noscript><style data-emotion="css y5qmm9">.css-y5qmm9{margin-right:4px;}</style><style data-emotion="css xczj7z">.css-xczj7z{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;margin-right:4px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-xczj7z{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-xczj7z{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-xczj7z{font-size:18px;}}.css-xczj7z:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-xczj7z:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}</style><a class="css-xczj7z" href="/">Home</a><a class="css-xczj7z" href="/about">About</a></noscript></div></div></header><!--$--><style data-emotion="css 1jtc01u">.css-1jtc01u{-webkit-column-gap:20px;column-gap:20px;row-gap:0;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1jtc01u{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1jtc01u{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1jtc01u{-webkit-column-gap:40px;column-gap:40px;row-gap:0;}}</style><style data-emotion="css k6kuav">.css-k6kuav{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:grid;grid-gap:12px;grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr);-webkit-column-gap:20px;column-gap:20px;row-gap:0;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-k6kuav{grid-template-columns:repeat(8, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-k6kuav{grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-k6kuav{grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-k6kuav{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-k6kuav{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-k6kuav{-webkit-column-gap:40px;column-gap:40px;row-gap:0;}}</style><div class="css-k6kuav"><style data-emotion="css 1pax1sx">.css-1pax1sx{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:4;display:none;height:100%;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1pax1sx{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:4;display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1pax1sx{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:4;display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1pax1sx{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:4;display:inherit;}}</style><div class="css-1pax1sx"><style data-emotion="css ab32q7">.css-ab32q7{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;height:-webkit-fit-content;height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;max-height:calc(100vh - 65px - 16px);position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:65px;padding-bottom:55px;overflow-y:auto;padding-top:20px;padding-left:12px;margin-left:-12px;margin-right:0;padding-right:0;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-ab32q7{max-height:calc(100vh - 65px - 16px);top:65px;padding-bottom:32px;margin-right:0;padding-right:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-ab32q7{max-height:calc(100vh - 100px - 24px);top:100px;padding-bottom:32px;margin-right:-24px;padding-right:24px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-ab32q7{max-height:calc(100vh - 100px - 24px);top:100px;padding-bottom:34px;margin-right:-40px;padding-right:40px;}}</style><nav aria-label="Section navigation" class="css-ab32q7"></nav></div><style data-emotion="css 1f75yny">.css-1f75yny{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:7;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1f75yny{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:7;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1f75yny{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:10;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1f75yny{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:10;}}</style><div class="css-1f75yny"><style data-emotion="css 9mw1w2">.css-9mw1w2{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100%;background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);padding-left:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:24px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-9mw1w2{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-9mw1w2{padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-9mw1w2{padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px;}}</style><div class="css-9mw1w2"><div class="css-1mxkdg0"><div class="css-1se2ah"><div class="css-3fs42a"><style data-emotion="css 11x44hz">.css-11x44hz{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:grid;grid-gap:12px;grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr);-webkit-column-gap:20px;column-gap:20px;row-gap:0;height:100%;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-11x44hz{grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-11x44hz{grid-template-columns:repeat(8, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-11x44hz{grid-template-columns:repeat(8, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-11x44hz{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-11x44hz{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-11x44hz{-webkit-column-gap:40px;column-gap:40px;row-gap:0;}}</style><div class="css-11x44hz"><style data-emotion="css blii7z">.css-blii7z{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:2;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-pink);opacity:0.2;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-blii7z{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:2;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-blii7z{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:2;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-blii7z{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:2;}}</style><div class="css-blii7z"></div><style data-emotion="css 1yc9fu4">.css-1yc9fu4{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:2;grid-column-end:3;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-pink);opacity:0.2;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1yc9fu4{grid-column-start:2;grid-column-end:3;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1yc9fu4{grid-column-start:2;grid-column-end:3;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1yc9fu4{grid-column-start:2;grid-column-end:3;}}</style><div class="css-1yc9fu4"></div><style data-emotion="css 8cfq5w">.css-8cfq5w{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:3;grid-column-end:4;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-pink);opacity:0.2;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-8cfq5w{grid-column-start:3;grid-column-end:4;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-8cfq5w{grid-column-start:3;grid-column-end:4;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-8cfq5w{grid-column-start:3;grid-column-end:4;}}</style><div class="css-8cfq5w"></div><style data-emotion="css cqgo14">.css-cqgo14{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:5;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-pink);opacity:0.2;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-cqgo14{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:5;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-cqgo14{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:5;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-cqgo14{grid-column-start:4;grid-column-end:5;}}</style><div class="css-cqgo14"></div><style data-emotion="css g3zg3m">.css-g3zg3m{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:6;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-pink);opacity:0.2;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-g3zg3m{grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:6;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-g3zg3m{grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:6;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-g3zg3m{grid-column-start:5;grid-column-end:6;}}</style><div class="css-g3zg3m"></div><style data-emotion="css yhrddb">.css-yhrddb{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:6;grid-column-end:7;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-pink);opacity:0.2;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-yhrddb{grid-column-start:6;grid-column-end:7;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-yhrddb{grid-column-start:6;grid-column-end:7;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-yhrddb{grid-column-start:6;grid-column-end:7;}}</style><div class="css-yhrddb"></div></div></div><div class="css-par3uv"><div class="css-11x44hz"><div class="css-blii7z"></div><div class="css-1yc9fu4"></div><div class="css-8cfq5w"></div><div class="css-cqgo14"></div><div class="css-g3zg3m"></div><div class="css-yhrddb"></div></div></div><div class="css-1t8uzyp"><div class="css-11x44hz"><div class="css-blii7z"></div><div class="css-1yc9fu4"></div><div class="css-8cfq5w"></div><div class="css-cqgo14"></div><div class="css-g3zg3m"></div><div class="css-yhrddb"></div><style data-emotion="css 1ck08cj">.css-1ck08cj{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:8;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-pink);opacity:0.2;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1ck08cj{grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:8;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1ck08cj{grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:8;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1ck08cj{grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:8;}}</style><div class="css-1ck08cj"></div><style data-emotion="css mppw29">.css-mppw29{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:8;grid-column-end:9;height:100%;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-pink);opacity:0.2;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-mppw29{grid-column-start:8;grid-column-end:9;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-mppw29{grid-column-start:8;grid-column-end:9;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-mppw29{grid-column-start:8;grid-column-end:9;}}</style><div class="css-mppw29"></div></div></div><div class="css-19alb2m"><div class="css-11x44hz"><div class="css-blii7z"></div><div class="css-1yc9fu4"></div><div class="css-8cfq5w"></div><div class="css-cqgo14"></div><div class="css-g3zg3m"></div><div class="css-yhrddb"></div><div class="css-1ck08cj"></div><div class="css-mppw29"></div></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 17uywkh">.css-17uywkh{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:inherit;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:65px;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px;padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:0;z-index:3;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-17uywkh{display:inherit;top:65px;padding-left:24px;padding-right:24px;margin-left:-24px;margin-right:-24px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-17uywkh{display:none;top:100px;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-17uywkh{display:none;top:100px;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}}</style><div class="css-17uywkh"><style data-emotion="css 1fkb36d">.css-1fkb36d{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:20px;padding-bottom:16px;}</style><style data-emotion="css 489xng">.css-489xng{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:20px;padding-bottom:16px;}</style><div class="css-489xng"><style data-emotion="css 1pbit7v">.css-1pbit7v{font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:12px;position:relative;display:inherit;}.css-1pbit7v:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1pbit7v{font-size:12px;display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1pbit7v{font-size:14px;display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1pbit7v{font-size:16px;display:none;}}</style><style data-emotion="css ne6jf1">.css-ne6jf1{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:12px;position:relative;display:inherit;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-ne6jf1{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-ne6jf1{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-ne6jf1{font-size:18px;}}.css-ne6jf1:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-ne6jf1:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}.css-ne6jf1:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-ne6jf1{font-size:12px;display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-ne6jf1{font-size:14px;display:none;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-ne6jf1{font-size:16px;display:none;}}</style><a role="button" class="css-ne6jf1" href="#">More info<!-- --> <style data-emotion="css r4kmil">.css-r4kmil{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);}</style><span class="css-r4kmil">&gt;</span><style data-emotion="css 18axm01">.css-18axm01{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:-2px;display:inline-block;-webkit-transform:rotate(0deg);-moz-transform:rotate(0deg);-ms-transform:rotate(0deg);transform:rotate(0deg);-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.2s;transition:transform 0.2s;}</style><span class="css-18axm01">&gt;</span></a></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1i2bfe5">.css-1i2bfe5{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:grid;grid-gap:12px;grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr);-webkit-column-gap:20px;column-gap:20px;row-gap:0;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1i2bfe5{grid-template-columns:repeat(6, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1i2bfe5{grid-template-columns:repeat(8, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1i2bfe5{grid-template-columns:repeat(8, 1fr);}}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1i2bfe5{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1i2bfe5{-webkit-column-gap:24px;column-gap:24px;row-gap:0;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1i2bfe5{-webkit-column-gap:40px;column-gap:40px;row-gap:0;}}</style><div class="css-1i2bfe5"><style data-emotion="css 1me9mm2">.css-1me9mm2{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:7;padding-top:24px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1me9mm2{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:7;padding-top:24px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1me9mm2{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:9;padding-top:40px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1me9mm2{grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:9;padding-top:40px;}}</style><div class="css-1me9mm2"><sty
1le data-emotion="css xomvx9">.css-xomvx9{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1;font-size:32px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:24px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-xomvx9{font-size:32px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:24px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-xomvx9{font-size:32px;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:32px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-xomvx9{font-size:48px;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:32px;}}</style><h1 class="css-xomvx9">Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands</h1><style data-emotion="css x4n4mc">.css-x4n4mc{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}</style><style data-emotion="css 1kwy47o">.css-1kwy47o{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}</style><div class="css-1kwy47o"><style data-emotion="css 1yu2dtv">.css-1yu2dtv{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:8px;-webkit-align-items:baseline;-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;}</style><style data-emotion="css g5n1tr">.css-g5n1tr{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:8px;-webkit-align-items:baseline;-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline;}</style><div class="css-g5n1tr"><style data-emotion="css 1jzx8r0">.css-1jzx8r0{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1jzx8r0{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1jzx8r0{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1jzx8r0{font-size:14px;}}</style><div class="css-1jzx8r0">DOI<!-- -->:</div><style data-emotion="css d6wl3n">.css-d6wl3n{font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-d6wl3n{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-d6wl3n{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-d6wl3n{font-size:14px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 12j1yfk">.css-12j1yfk{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-12j1yfk{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-12j1yfk{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-12j1yfk{font-size:18px;}}.css-12j1yfk:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-12j1yfk:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-12j1yfk{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-12j1yfk{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-12j1yfk{font-size:14px;}}</style><a class="css-12j1yfk" href="#"><style data-emotion="css p6tm5s">.css-p6tm5s{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100px;display:inline;}</style><div class="css-p6tm5s">Loading...</div></a></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1winy2e">.css-1winy2e{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:32px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1winy2e{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1winy2e{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1winy2e{font-size:14px;}}</style><div class="css-1winy2e"><style data-emotion="css 1nn1v36">.css-1nn1v36{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}</style><style data-emotion="css 1u0etyv">.css-1u0etyv{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}</style><div class="css-1u0etyv"><style data-emotion="css 162tvoi">.css-162tvoi{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><style data-emotion="css z5fbhm">.css-z5fbhm{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-z5fbhm"><style data-emotion="css 19ofpxb">.css-19ofpxb{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:4px;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;}</style><style data-emotion="css bkyzt">.css-bkyzt{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:4px;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;}</style><span class="css-bkyzt"><style data-emotion="css 35m4ph">.css-35m4ph{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-top:-1px;}</style><span class="css-35m4ph">Ella Milliken</span><a href="https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6996-3694" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 256" width="14" height="14"><path fill="#A6CE39" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"></path><g><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"></path><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5   c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"></path><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1   C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"></path></g></svg></a></span><style data-emotion="css 1r3zz1k">.css-1r3zz1k{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-right:0.5em;}</style><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">
1Elliot Chang</span><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0304-399X" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 256" width="14" height="14"><path fill="#A6CE39" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"></path><g><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"></path><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5   c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"></path><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1   C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"></path></g></svg></a></span><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">Robert Rioux</span></span><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">Isabella Chiaravalloti</span><a href="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0199-3069" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 256" width="14" height="14"><path fill="#A6CE39" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"></path><g><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"></path><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5   c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"></path><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1   C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"></path></g></svg></a></span><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">Declan Miller</span></span><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">Ella Xu</span></span><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">Ben Brodin</span></span><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">Yoshiki Kanzaki</span></span><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">Chris Reinhard</span><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2632-1027" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 256" width="14" height="14"><path fill="#A6CE39" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"></path><g><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"></path><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5   c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"></path><path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1   C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"></path></g></svg></a></span><span class="css-1r3zz1k">,</span></div><div class="css-z5fbhm"><span class="css-bkyzt"><span class="css-35m4ph">Noah Planavsky</span></span></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css t418fx">.css-t418fx{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:18px;margin-bottom:16px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-t418fx{font-size:18px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-t418fx{font-size:18px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-t418fx{font-size:24px;}}</style><div class="css-t418fx">Abstract</div><style data-emotion="css dtsrfz">.css-dtsrfz{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;white-space:pre-wrap;overflow-wrap:break-word;margin-bottom:50px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-dtsrfz{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-dtsrfz{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-dtsrfz{font-size:18px;}}</style><div class="css-dtsrfz">Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed silicate rocks has been proposed as a potential form of carbon dioxide removal. This process requires relatively low capital cost, has high global implementation potential, and can provide agronomic and fertility co-benefits to landowners. However, to date, there are limited published, at-scale estimates of empirically constrained weathering rates on working farms. Here, we present estimates of ultrafine basalt enhanced weathering rates from an extended growing season based on over 1,800 samples from 24 fields across Southern Virginia and North Carolina, compared against 24 unapplied fields. This deployment utilizes a paired sample-resample design to constrain between-field heterogeneity, thereby reducing uncertainty. Area-weighted means of three soil mass balance approaches showed that 21.23 ± 7.44% (SEM) of the applied feedstock weathered in approximately six months, with an associated potential carbon dioxide removal of 3.79 ± 1.36 tCO2 ha-1. This value is consistent with weathering rates predicted from a first-order kinetic model driven by feedstock-specific properties.</div><div style="width:100%"><div class="react-pdf__Document" style="--scale-factor:1"><div class="react-pdf__message react-pdf__message--loading"><style data-emotion="css zy2rt">.css-zy2rt{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;
1-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}</style><style data-emotion="css 9rs2kq">.css-9rs2kq{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}</style><div class="css-9rs2kq"><style data-emotion="css 170d4im">.css-170d4im{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100px;}</style><div class="css-170d4im">Loading...</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css vy56wo">.css-vy56wo{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;grid-column-start:1;grid-column-end:7;display:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-vy56wo{grid-column-start:7;grid-column-end:9;display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-vy56wo{grid-column-start:11;grid-column-end:13;display:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-vy56wo{grid-column-start:11;grid-column-end:13;display:inherit;}}</style><div class="css-vy56wo"><style data-emotion="css 1yl2oi7">.css-1yl2oi7{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;height:-webkit-fit-content;height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;max-height:calc(100vh - 65px - 16px);position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:65px;padding-bottom:55px;overflow-y:auto;padding-top:20px;margin-right:0;padding-right:0;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1yl2oi7{max-height:calc(100vh - 65px - 16px);top:65px;padding-bottom:32px;margin-right:-40px;padding-right:40px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1yl2oi7{max-height:calc(100vh - 100px - 24px);top:100px;padding-bottom:32px;margin-right:-40px;padding-right:40px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1yl2oi7{max-height:calc(100vh - 100px - 24px);top:100px;padding-bottom:34px;margin-right:-64px;padding-right:64px;}}</style><div class="css-1yl2oi7"><style data-emotion="css kr8jvw">.css-kr8jvw{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;gap:24px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-kr8jvw{gap:40px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-kr8jvw{gap:50px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-kr8jvw{gap:50px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1ilq2q0">.css-1ilq2q0{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;gap:24px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1ilq2q0{gap:40px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1ilq2q0{gap:50px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1ilq2q0{gap:50px;}}</style><div class="css-1ilq2q0"><style data-emotion="css i3reew">.css-i3reew{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;}</style><style data-emotion="css zd1twi">.css-zd1twi{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;}</style><div class="css-zd1twi"><style data-emotion="css y13pe">.css-y13pe{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;cursor:pointer;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:14px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-y13pe{font-size:14px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-y13pe{font-size:14px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-y13pe{font-size:16px;}}</style><label class="css-y13pe">Topics<!-- --> </label><style data-emotion="css p861t6">.css-p861t6{font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;display:block;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-p861t6{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-p861t6{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-p861t6{font-size:14px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1l33o0z">.css-1l33o0z{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;display:block;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1l33o0z{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1l33o0z{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1l33o0z{font-size:18px;}}.css-1l33o0z:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-1l33o0z:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1l33o0z{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1l33o0z{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1l33o0z{font-size:14px;}}</style><a class="css-1l33o0z" href="/?subject=Accounting">Accounting<!-- --> <!-- -->&gt;&gt;</a><a class="css-1l33o0z" href="/?subject=Experiments and field trials">Experiments and field trials<!-- --> <!-- -->&gt;&gt;</a><a class="css-1l33o0z" href="/?subject=Geochemical CDR">Geochemical CDR<!-- --> <!-- -->&gt;&gt;</a><a class="css-1l33o0z" href="/?subject=Modeling">Modeling<!-- --> <!-- -->&gt;&gt;</a><a class="css-1l33o0z" href="/?subject=Removal process">Removal process<!-- --> <!-- -->&gt;&gt;</a></div><div class="css-zd1twi"><label class="css-y13pe">Channel<!-- --> </label><div class="css-1yz7e9k"><a class="css-1l33o0z" href="/channels/ycncc">Yale Center for Natural Carbon Capture<!-- --> <!-- -->&gt;&gt;</a></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1gehuf1">.css-1gehuf1{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;gap:20px;}</style><style data-emotion="css z04ko8">.css-z04ko8{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;gap:20px;}</style><div class="css-z04ko8"><div class="css-1yz7e9k"><style data-emotion="css 1teal8m">.css-1teal8m{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}</style><style data-emotion="css 1f0kqgk">.css-1f0kqgk{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1f0kqgk{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1f0kqgk{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1f0kqgk{font-size:18px;}}.css-1f0kqgk:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-1f0kqgk:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}</style><a href="https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/repository/object/551/download/669/" tabindex="-1" class="css-1f0kqgk"><style data-emotion="css 1uns4mb">.css-1uns4mb{font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:12px;cursor:pointer;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);border-radius:0;box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset;outline:none;-webkit-transition:0.05s all;transition:0.05s all;padding-bottom:9px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1uns4mb{font-size:12px;padding-bottom:9px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1uns4mb{font-size:14px;padding-bottom:9px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1uns4mb{font-size:16px;padding-bottom:10px;}}.css-1uns4mb:hover{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}.css-1uns4mb:active{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset;}.css-1uns4mb:active>div{-webkit-transform:translate(1px, 1px);-moz-transform:translate(1px, 1px);-ms-transform:translate(1px, 1px);transform:translate(1px, 1px);}.css-1uns4mb:disabled{background:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px #c5bbbb inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px #E8E8E8 inset;cursor:not-allowed;}.css-1uns4mb:focus-visible{outline:1px solid blue;outline-offset:-1px;}</style><style data-emotion="css 1njl5ty">.css-1njl5ty{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;-ms-appearance:none;appearance:none;display:inline-block;text-align:center;line-height:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;font-size:inherit;padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-white);background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);border:0;border-radius:4px;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.03em;font-size:12px;cursor:pointer;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);border-radius:0;box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset;outline:none;-webkit-transition:0.05s all;transition:0.05s all;padding-bottom:9px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1njl5ty{font-size:12px;padding-bottom:9px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1njl5ty{font-size:14px;padding-bottom:9px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1njl5ty{font-size:16px;padding-bottom:10px;}}.css-1njl5ty:hover{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}.css-1njl5ty:active{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);background:var(--theme-ui-colors-primary);box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-text) inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px var(--theme-ui-colors-muted) inset;}.css-1njl5ty:active>div{-webkit-transform:translate(1px, 1px);-moz-transform:translate(1px, 1px);-ms-transform:translate(1px, 1px);transform:translate(1px, 1px);}.css-1njl5ty:disabled{background:var(--theme-ui-colors-background);box-shadow:1px 1px 0px 1px #c5bbbb inset,-1px -1px 0px 1px #E8E8E8 inset;cursor:not-allowed;}.css-1njl5ty:focus-visible{outline:1px solid blue;outline-offset:-1px;}</style><button class="css-1njl5ty"><div class="css-1yz7e9k">Download (PDF)</div></button></a></div></div><div class="css-zd1twi"><label class="css-y13pe">Funders<!-- --> </label><div class="css-1jzx8r0">Microsoft<!-- --> </div></div><div class="css-zd1twi"><label class="css-y13pe">License<!-- --> </label><style data-emotion="css fg3o4e">.css-fg3o4e{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:8px;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-fg3o4e{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-fg3o4e{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-fg3o4e{font-size:14px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1g6l4h">.css-1g6l4h{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:8px;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1g6l4h{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1g6l4h{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1g6l4h{font-size:14px;}}</style><div class="css-1g6l4h"><a class="css-12j1yfk" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a></div></div><div class="css-zd1twi"><label class="css-y13pe">Keywords<!-- --> </label><div class="css-1jzx8r0"><style data-emotion="css ohg2pn">.css-ohg2pn{display:inline;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-ohg2pn{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-ohg2pn{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-ohg2pn{font-size:14px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1x53ukf">.css-1x53ukf{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:Quadrant Text Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;font-size:16px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);cursor:pointer;background:none;border:1px solid;border-color:transparent;outline:none;padding:0;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;display:inline;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1x53ukf{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1x53ukf{font-size:16px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1x53ukf{font-size:18px;}}.css-1x53ukf:visited{color:var(--theme-ui-colors-purple);}.css-1x53ukf:focus-visible{border-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1x53ukf{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1x53ukf{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1x53ukf{font-size:14px;}}</style><a class="css-1x53ukf" href="/search?query=erw">ERW</a>, <a class="css-1x53ukf" href="/search?query=enhanced weathering">enhanced weathering</a>, <a class="css-1x53ukf" href="/search?query=mrv">MRV</a>, <a class="css-1x53ukf" href="/search?query=field">field</a>, <a class="css-1x53ukf" href="/search?query=dissolution">dissolution</a>, <a class="css-1x53ukf" href="/search?query=cation accounting">cation accounting</a>, <a class="css-1x53ukf" href="/search?query=rate modeling">rate modeling</a></div></div><div class="css-zd1twi"><label class="css-y13pe">Conflict of interest<!-- --> </label><style data-emotion="css 5jqxew">
1.css-5jqxew{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;color:var(--theme-ui-colors-text);}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-5jqxew{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-5jqxew{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-5jqxew{font-size:14px;}}</style><div class="css-5jqxew">N.J.P and C.T.R. were co-founders of Lithos Carbon but have no remaining ties to the company. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.</div></div><div class="css-zd1twi"><label class="css-y13pe">Published<!-- --> </label><style data-emotion="css shz9eq">.css-shz9eq{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-column-gap:8px;column-gap:8px;row-gap:0;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-shz9eq{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-shz9eq{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-shz9eq{font-size:14px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css ga6nzh">.css-ga6nzh{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-column-gap:8px;column-gap:8px;row-gap:0;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-ga6nzh{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-ga6nzh{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-ga6nzh{font-size:14px;}}</style><div class="css-ga6nzh"><div class="css-1yz7e9k">September 25, 2026</div></div></div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div></div><style data-emotion="css 17nxax6">.css-17nxax6{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-column-gap:12px;column-gap:12px;row-gap:8px;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-bottom:14px;}</style><style data-emotion="css 16yzr7i">.css-16yzr7i{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-column-gap:12px;column-gap:12px;row-gap:8px;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-bottom:14px;}</style><div class="css-16yzr7i"><style data-emotion="css 1t12v96">.css-1t12v96{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;font-family:GT Pressura Mono Regular;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3;font-size:12px;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1t12v96{font-size:12px;-webkit-flex-basis:inherit;-ms-flex-preferred-size:inherit;flex-basis:inherit;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1t12v96{font-size:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1t12v96{font-size:14px;}}</style><div class="css-1t12v96">Powered by Janeway</div><a class="css-12j1yfk" href="/terms-of-use">Terms of Use</a><a class="css-12j1yfk" href="/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a><a class="css-12j1yfk" href="/cookies-notice">Cookies Notice</a></div></div></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1p3fcc8">.css-1p3fcc8{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;position:fixed;bottom:0;margin-left:8px;width:calc(0 * (100vw - 2 * 8px));height:8px;background-color:var(--theme-ui-colors-blue);}@media screen and (min-width: 40em){.css-1p3fcc8{margin-left:8px;width:calc(0 * (100vw - 2 * 8px));height:8px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.css-1p3fcc8{margin-left:12px;width:calc(0 * (100vw - 2 * 12px));height:12px;}}@media screen and (min-width: 102em){.css-1p3fcc8{margin-left:12px;width:calc(0 * (100vw - 2 * 12px));height:12px;}}</style><div class="css-1p3fcc8"></div></div></main>
1<script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-01eb035d7e7e5baf.js" async=""></script>
1<script>(self.__next_f=self.__next_f||[]).push([0]);self.__next_f.push([2,null])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1:HL[\"/_next/static/css/933613da09535761.css\",\"style\"]\n2:HL[\"/_next/static/css/e0a38f3c0528989e.css\",\"style\"]\n"])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"3:I[12846,[],\"\"]\n6:I[4707,[],\"\"]\n8:I[36423,[],\"\"]\n9:I[38154,[\"294\",\"static/chunks/294-6a801156885ba17d.js\",\"2972\",\"static/chunks/2972-e16052dfc5d7a6ee.js\",\"7390\",\"static/chunks/7390-4083d9322cdab0c9.js\",\"7994\",\"static/chunks/7994-8b4a7be71746610c.js\",\"6451\",\"static/chunks/6451-cc36989617d0d75e.js\",\"7375\",\"static/chunks/7375-73e48fe3349c8a95.js\",\"6052\",\"static/chunks/app/preprint/%5Bid%5D/loading-877aa0993fe58024.js\"],\"default\"]\nc:I[61060,[],\"\"]\n7:[\"id\",\"551\",\"d\"]\nd:[]\n0:[\"$\",\"$L3\",null,{\"buildId\":\"Huz2wlDf_sfLocIUWVP7u\",\"assetPrefix\":\"\",\"urlParts\":[\"\",\"preprint\",\"551\"],\"initialTree\":[\"\",{\"children\":[\"preprint\",{\"children\":[[\"id\",\"551\",\"d\"],{\"children\":[\"__PAGE__\",{}]}]}]},\"$undefined\",\"$undefined\",true],\"initialSeedData\":[\"\",{\"children\":[\"preprint\",{\"children\":[[\"id\",\"551\",\"d\"],{\"children\":[\"__PAGE__\",{},[[\"$L4\",\"$L5\",[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/e0a38f3c0528989e.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]]],null],null]},[null,[\"$\",\"$L6\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\",\"preprint\",\"children\",\"$7\",\"children\"],\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"errorScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$L8\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":\"$undefined\",\"notFoundStyles\":\"$undefined\"}]],[[\"$\",\"$L9\",null,{}],[],[]]]},[null,[\"$\",\"$L6\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\",\"preprint\",\"children\"],\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"errorScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$L8\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":\"$undefined\",\"notFoundStyles\":\"$undefined\"}]],null]},[[[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"/_next/static/css/933613da09535761.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]],\"$La\"],null],null],\"couldBeIntercepted\":false,\"initialHead\":[null,\"$Lb\"],\"globalErrorComponent\":\"$c\",\"missingSlots\":\"$Wd\"}]\n"])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e:I[57364,[\"9980\",\"static/chunks/9b0008ae-abe72828783b2879.js\",\"294\",\"static/chunks/294-6a801156885ba17d.js\",\"2972\",\"static/chunks/2972-e16052dfc5d7a6ee.js\",\"7390\",\"static/chunks/7390-4083d9322cdab0c9.js\",\"2183\",\"static/chunks/2183-e51fa5807b4d8758.js\",\"306\",\"static/chunks/306-2fff7d5ff93aad71.js\",\"7994\",\"static/chunks/7994-8b4a7be71746610c.js\",\"6451\",\"static/chunks/6451-cc36989617d0d75e.js\",\"7375\",\"static/chunks/7375-73e48fe3349c8a95.js\",\"7364\",\"static/chunks/7364-734f398d9a910263.js\",\"9042\",\"static/chunks/app/preprint/%5Bid%5D/page-2f12ed10b96023a1.js\"],\"default\"]\nf:T46a,Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed silicate rocks has been proposed as a potential form of carbon dioxide removal. This process requires relatively low capital cost, has high global implementation potential, and can provide agronomic and fertility co-benefits to landowners. However, to date, there are limited published, at-scale estimates of empirically constrained weathering rates on working farms. Here, we present estimates of ultrafine basalt enhanced weathering rates from an extended growing season based on over 1,800 samples from 24 fields across Southern Virginia and North Carolina, compared against 24 unapplied fields. This deployment utilizes a paired sample-resample design to constrain between-field heterogeneity, thereby reducing uncertainty. Area-weighted means of three soil mass balance approaches showed that 21.23 ± 7.44% (SEM) of the applied feedstock weathered in approximately six months, with an associated potential carbon dioxide removal of 3.79 ± 1.36 tCO2 ha-1. This value is consistent with weathering rates predicted from a first-order kinetic model driven by feedstock-specific properties."])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"5:[\"$\",\"$Le\",null,{\"preprint\":{\"pk\":551,\"title\":\"Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands\",\"abstract\":\"$f\",\"stage\":\"preprint_published\",\"license\":{\"pk\":1,\"name\":\"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0\",\"short_name\":\"CC BY 4.0\",\"text\":\"Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.\\r\\n\\r\\nNo additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.\",\"url\":\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0\"},\"keywords\":[{\"word\":\"erw\"},{\"word\":\"enhanced weathering\"},{\"word\":\"mrv\"},{\"word\":\"field\"},{\"word\":\"_CDRXIV-CHANNEL-ycncc\"},{\"word\":\"dissolution\"},{\"word\":\"cation accounting\"},{\"word\":\"rate modeling\"}],\"date_submitted\":\"2026-09-25T01:31:09.118000+02:00\",\"date_accepted\":\"2026-09-25T22:00:02.895405+02:00\",\"date_published\":\"2026-09-25T14:58:00+02:00\",\"doi\":null,\"preprint_doi\":null,\"authors\":[{\"pk\":173,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Ella\",\"middle_name\":null,\"last_name\":\"Milliken\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":\"0009-0005-6996-3694\",\"institution\":\"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520\"},{\"pk\":118,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Elliot\",\"middle_name\":\"\",\"last_name\":\"Chang\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":\"0000-0003-0304-399X\",\"institution\":\"Lithos Carbon, Inc.\"},{\"pk\":297,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Robert\",\"middle_name\":\"\",\"last_name\":\"Rioux\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":null,\"institution\":\"Yale School of the Environment\"},{\"pk\":152,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Isabella\",\"middle_name\":null,\"last_name\":\"Chiaravalloti\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":\"0009-0006-0199-3069\",\"institution\":\"Yale University\"},{\"pk\":588,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Declan\",\"middle_name\":\"\",\"last_name\":\"Miller\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":null,\"institution\":\"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520\"},{\"pk\":589,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Ella\",\"middle_name\":\"\",\"last_name\":\"Xu\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":null,\"institution\":\"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520\"},{\"pk\":590,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Ben\",\"middle_name\":\"\",\"last_name\":\"Brodin\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":null,\"institution\":\"Lithos Carbon, Inc.\"},{\"pk\":175,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Yoshiki\",\"middle_name\":\"\",\"last_name\":\"Kanzaki\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":null,\"institution\":\"Georgia Institute of Technology\"},{\"pk\":156,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Chris\",\"middle_name\":null,\"last_name\":\"Reinhard\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":\"0000-0002-2632-1027\",\"institution\":\"Georgia Institute of Technology\"},{\"pk\":153,\"email\":\"[email protected]\",\"first_name\":\"Noah\",\"middle_name\":\"\",\"last_name\":\"Planavsky\",\"salutation\":null,\"orcid\":null,\"institution\":\"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America\"}],\"subject\":[{\"name\":\"Accounting\"},{\"name\":\"Experiments and field trials\"},{\"name\":\"Geochemical CDR\"},{\"name\":\"Modeling\"},{\"name\":\"Removal process\"}],\"versions\":[{\"version\":1,\"date_time\":\"2026-09-25T18:17:49.043626+02:00\",\"title\":\"\",\"abstract\":null,\"public_download_url\":\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/repository/object/551/download/669/\"}],\"supplementary_files\":[],\"additional_field_answers\":[{\"pk\":1710,\"answer\":\"Article\",\"field\":{\"pk\":8,\"name\":\"Submission type\"}},{\"pk\":1711,\"answer\":\"[{\\\"funder\\\":\\\"Microsoft\\\",\\\"award\\\":\\\"\\\"}]\",\"field\":{\"pk\":9,\"name\":\"Funder(s) and award numbers\"}},{\"pk\":1712,\"answer\":\"N.J.P and C.T.R. were co-founders of Lithos Carbon but have no remaining ties to the company. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.\",\"field\":{\"pk\":29,\"name\":\"Conflict of interest statement\"}},{\"pk\":1713,\"answer\":\"Approved\",\"field\":{\"pk\":41,\"name\":\"Channel(s) status\"}},{\"pk\":1714,\"answer\":\"Enabled\",\"field\":{\"pk\":38,\"name\":\"PDF outline\"}}],\"owner\":173}}]\n"])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"10:T46a,Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed silicate rocks has been proposed as a potential form of carbon dioxide removal. This process requires relatively low capital cost, has high global implementation potential, and can provide agronomic and fertility co-benefits to landowners. However, to date, there are limited published, at-scale estimates of empirically constrained weathering rates on working farms. Here, we present estimates of ultrafine basalt enhanced weathering rates from an extended growing season based on over 1,800 samples from 24 fields across Southern Virginia and North Carolina, compared against 24 unapplied fields. This deployment utilizes a paired sample-resample design to constrain between-field heterogeneity, thereby reducing uncertainty. Area-weighted means of three soil mass balance approaches showed that 21.23 ± 7.44% (SEM) of the applied feedstock weathered in approximately six months, with an associated potential carbon dioxide removal of 3.79 ± 1.36 tCO2 ha-1. This value is consistent with weathering rates predicted from a first-order kinetic model driven by feedstock-specific properties.11:T46a,Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed silicate rocks has been proposed as a potential form of carbon dioxide removal. This process requires relatively low capital cost, has high global implementation potential, and can provide agronomic and fertility co-benefits to landowners. However, to date, there are limited published, at-scale estimates of empirically constrained weathering rates on working farms. Here, we present estimates of ultrafine basalt enhanced weathering rates from an extended growing season based on over 1,800 samples from 24 fields across Southern Virginia and North Carolina, compared against 24 unapplied fields. This deployment utilizes a paired sample-resample design to constrain between-field heterogeneity, thereby reducing uncertainty. Area-weighted means of three soil mass balance approaches showed that 21.23 ± 7.44% (SEM) of the applied feedstock weathered in approxi"])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"mately six months, with an associated potential carbon dioxide removal of 3.79 ± 1.36 tCO2 ha-1. This value is consistent with weathering rates predicted from a first-order kinetic model driven by feedstock-specific properties.12:T46a,Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed silicate rocks has been proposed as a potential form of carbon dioxide removal. This process requires relatively low capital cost, has high global implementation potential, and can provide agronomic and fertility co-benefits to landowners. However, to date, there are limited published, at-scale estimates of empirically constrained weathering rates on working farms. Here, we present estimates of ultrafine basalt enhanced weathering rates from an extended growing season based on over 1,800 samples from 24 fields across Southern Virginia and North Carolina, compared against 24 unapplied fields. This deployment utilizes a paired sample-resample design to constrain between-field heterogeneity, thereby reducing uncertainty. Area-weighted means of three soil mass balance approaches showed that 21.23 ± 7.44% (SEM) of the applied feedstock weathered in approximately six months, with an associated potential carbon dioxide removal of 3.79 ± 1.36 tCO2 ha-1. This value is consistent with weathering rates predicted from a first-order kinetic model driven by feedstock-specific properties."])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b:[[\"$\",\"meta\",\"0\",{\"name\":\"viewport\",\"content\":\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"1\",{\"charSet\":\"utf-8\"}],[\"$\",\"title\",\"2\",{\"children\":\"Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands – CDRXIV\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"3\",{\"name\":\"description\",\"content\":\"$10\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"4\",{\"name\":\"citation_journal_title\",\"content\":\"CDRXIV\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"5\",{\"name\":\"citation_title\",\"content\":\"Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"6\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Ella Milliken\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"7\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Elliot Chang\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"8\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Robert Rioux\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"9\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Isabella Chiaravalloti\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"10\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Declan Miller\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"11\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Ella Xu\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"12\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Ben Brodin\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"13\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Yoshiki Kanzaki\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"14\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Chris Reinhard\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"15\",{\"name\":\"citation_author\",\"content\":\"Noah Planavsky\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"16\",{\"name\":\"citation_publication_date\",\"content\":\"2026/9/25\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"17\",{\"name\":\"citation_pdf_url\",\"content\":\"https://cdrxiv.org/repository/object/551/download/669/\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"18\",{\"property\":\"og:title\",\"content\":\"Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands – CDRXIV\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"19\",{\"property\":\"og:description\",\"content\":\"$11\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"20\",{\"property\":\"og:image:alt\",\"content\":\"CDRXIV submission social card\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"21\",{\"property\":\"og:image:type\",\"content\":\"image/png\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"22\",{\"property\":\"og:image\",\"content\":\"https://cdrxiv.org/preprint/551/opengraph-image?be9c9efcd3e68893\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"23\",{\"property\":\"og:image:width\",\"content\":\"1200\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"24\",{\"property\":\"og:image:height\",\"content\":\"630\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"25\",{\"name\":\"twitter:card\",\"content\":\"summary_large_image\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"26\",{\"name\":\"twitter:title\",\"content\":\"Evidence of rapid basalt dissolution in Southeastern US croplands – CDRXIV\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"27\",{\"name\":\"twitter:description\",\"content\":\"$12\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"28\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:alt\",\"content\":\"CDRXIV submission social card\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"29\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:type\",\"content\":\"image/png\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"30\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image\",\"content\":\"https://cdrxiv.org/preprint/551/opengraph-image?be9c9efcd3e68893\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"31\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:width\",\"content\":\"1200\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"32\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image:height\",\"content\":\"630\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"33\",{\"rel\":\"icon\",\"href\":\"/images/icon.png\"}]]\n"])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"4:null\n"])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"13:I[90304,[\"294\",\"static/chunks/294-6a801156885ba17d.js\",\"2972\",\"static/chunks/2972-e16052dfc5d7a6ee.js\",\"7390\",\"static/chunks/7390-4083d9322cdab0c9.js\",\"2183\",\"static/chunks/2183-e51fa5807b4d8758.js\",\"7994\",\"static/chunks/7994-8b4a7be71746610c.js\",\"6451\",\"static/chunks/6451-cc36989617d0d75e.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-8b70f122ef0f9db4.js\"],\"default\"]\n14:I[1273,[\"294\",\"static/chunks/294-6a801156885ba17d.js\",\"2972\",\"static/chunks/2972-e16052dfc5d7a6ee.js\",\"7390\",\"static/chunks/7390-4083d9322cdab0c9.js\",\"2183\",\"static/chunks/2183-e51fa5807b4d8758.js\",\"7994\",\"static/chunks/7994-8b4a7be71746610c.js\",\"6451\",\"static/chunks/6451-cc36989617d0d75e.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-8b70f122ef0f9db4.js\"],\"SubjectsProvider\"]\n15:I[66451,[\"294\",\"static/chunks/294-6a801156885ba17d.js\",\"2972\",\"static/chunks/2972-e16052dfc5d7a6ee.js\",\"7390\",\"static/chunks/7390-4083d9322cdab0c9.js\",\"2183\",\"static/chunks/2183-e51fa5807b4d8758.js\",\"7994\",\"static/chunks/7994-8b4a7be71746610c.js\",\"6451\",\"static/chunks/6451-cc36989617d0d75e.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-8b70f122ef0f9db4.js\"],\"default\"]\n16:I[13490,[\"294\",\"static/chunks/294-6a801156885ba17d.js\",\"2972\",\"static/chunks/2972-e16052dfc5d7a6ee.js\",\"7390\",\"static/chunks/7390-4083d9322cdab0c9.js\",\"2183\",\"static/chunks/2183-e51fa5807b4d8758.js\",\"7994\",\"static/chunks/7994-8b4a7be71746610c.js\",\"7601\",\"static/chunks/app/error-c8aaa73eef0a508a.js\"],\"default\"]\n17:I[85447,[\"294\",\"static/chunks/294-6a801156885ba17d.js\",\"9160\",\"static/chunks/app/not-found-af832e56e4171550.js\"],\"default\"]\n"])</script>
1<script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a:[\"$\",\"html\",null,{\"lang\":\"en\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"head\",null,{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"link\",null,{\"rel\":\"preload\",\"href\":\"https://fonts.carbonplan.org/quadrant/QuadrantText-Regular.woff2\",\"as\":\"font\",\"type\":\"font/woff2\",\"crossOrigin\":\"anonymous\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",null,{\"rel\":\"preload\",\"href\":\"https://fonts.carbonplan.org/gt_pressura_mono/GT-Pressura-Mono-Regular.woff2\",\"as\":\"font\",\"type\":\"font/woff2\",\"crossOrigin\":\"anonymous\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"body\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L13\",null,{\"session\":null,\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L14\",null,{\"subjects\":[{\"name\":\"Accounting\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/304/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/351/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/352/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/334/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/314/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/342/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/345/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/309/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/401/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/331/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/464/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/302/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/496/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/303/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/488/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/499/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/515/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/533/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/557/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/521/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/514/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/551/\"]},{\"name\":\"Biological CDR\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/395/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/385/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/348/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/345/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/329/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/391/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/369/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/464/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/519/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/418/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/480/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/412/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/508/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/302/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/511/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/330/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/521/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/514/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/553/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/547/\"]},{\"name\":\"Environmental impacts\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/395/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/385/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/326/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/367/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/365/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/369/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/463/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/519/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/461/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/457/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/471/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/408/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/410/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/508/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/327/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/488/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/499/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/502/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/533/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/521/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/539/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/527/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/546/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/531/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/535/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/413/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/554/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/553/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/547/\"]},{\"name\":\"Experiments and field trials\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/352/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/390/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/326/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/339/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/334/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/367/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/401/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/331/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/359/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/369/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/463/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/487/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/464/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/350/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/519/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/418/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/410/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/480/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/456/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/473/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/496/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/511/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/327/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/488/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/475/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/499/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/502/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/557/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/535/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/551/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/413/\"]},{\"name\":\"Geochemical CDR\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/314/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/329/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/352/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/309/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/339/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/334/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/326/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/475/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/350/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/514/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/408/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/535/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/304/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/487/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/391/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/457/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/365/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/496/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/353/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/379/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/410/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/367/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/539/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/395/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/394/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/473/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/461/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/456/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/471/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/302/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/351/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/533/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/390/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/359/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/331/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/463/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/401/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/303/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/546/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/369/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/499/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/488/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/413/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/517/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/531/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/519/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/521/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/527/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/502/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/554/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/330/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/489/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/557/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/327/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/511/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/529/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/412/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/551/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\"]},{\"name\":\"Modeling\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/304/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/345/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/351/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/342/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/310/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/395/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/348/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/390/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/385/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/329/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/379/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/353/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/457/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/519/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/471/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/408/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/394/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/489/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/302/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/473/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/303/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/330/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/521/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/539/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/557/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/546/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/531/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/535/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/514/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/551/\"]},{\"name\":\"Policy and regulation\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/395/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/391/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/353/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/394/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/412/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/508/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/515/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/502/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/533/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/330/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/546/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/529/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/514/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/413/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/554/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/547/\"]},{\"name\":\"Qualitative research\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/401/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/391/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/517/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/412/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/473/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/515/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/519/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/502/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/330/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/527/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/539/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/529/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/554/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/547/\"]},{\"name\":\"Removal process\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/304/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/390/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/385/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/339/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/334/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/329/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/314/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/309/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/310/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/352/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/351/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/367/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/331/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/365/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/359/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/379/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/369/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/487/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/353/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/350/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/464/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/461/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/408/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/517/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/410/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/394/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/480/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/508/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/302/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/473/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/303/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/511/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/488/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/475/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/499/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/533/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/527/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/539/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/557/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/514/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/551/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/554/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/547/\"]},{\"name\":\"Socioeconomic impacts\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/395/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/348/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/309/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/401/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/471/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/394/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/508/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/502/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/330/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/521/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/539/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/535/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/413/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/554/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/547/\"]},{\"name\":\"Storage process\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/342/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/310/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/348/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/345/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/385/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/314/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/309/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/464/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/418/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/517/\",\"h
1ttps://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/410/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/394/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/489/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/511/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/514/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/554/\"]},{\"name\":\"Supporting infrastructure\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/314/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/309/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/310/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/401/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/353/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/350/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/464/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/487/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/471/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/456/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/394/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/508/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/483/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/496/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/515/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/417/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/539/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/535/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/554/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/547/\"]},{\"name\":\"Synthetic CDR\",\"preprints\":[\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/395/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/348/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/310/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/391/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/412/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/302/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/519/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/330/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/521/\",\"https://janeway.cdrxiv.org/api/preprints/514/\"]}],\"children\":[\"$\",\"main\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L15\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L6\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\"],\"error\":\"$16\",\"errorStyles\":[],\"errorScripts\":[],\"template\":[\"$\",\"$L8\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"templateScripts\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":[\"$\",\"$L17\",null,{}],\"notFoundStyles\":[]}]}]}]}]}]}]]}]\n"])</script>
1</body></html>

Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.