PageSourceSearch

https://gaetanserre.fr/GLOBe/

html gaetanserre.fr collected 2026-10-03 23:20:17 UTC 34,598 bytes, 529 lines download raw bytes

1<!doctype html>
2<html class="no-js" lang="en" data-content_root="./">
3  <head><meta charset="utf-8">
4    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
5    <meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
6<link rel="index" title="Index" href="genindex.html"><link rel="search" title="Search" href="search.html"><link rel="next" title="Quickstart" href="quickstart.html">
7        <link rel="prefetch" href="_static/logo.png" as="image">
8
9    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="_static/favicon.svg"><!-- Generated with Sphinx 9.0.4 and Furo 2025.12.19 -->
10        <title>GLOBe 0.0.11 documentation</title>
11      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/pygments.css?v=d111a655" />
12    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo.css?v=7bdb33bb" />
13    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/styles/furo-extensions.css?v=8dab3a3b" />
14    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_static/style.css?v=85ea398f" />
15    
16    
17
18
19<style>
20  body {
21    --color-code-background: #f2f2f2;
22  --color-code-foreground: #1e1e1e;
23  
24  }
25  @media not print {
26    body[data-theme="dark"] {
27      --color-code-background: #202020;
28  --color-code-foreground: #d0d0d0;
29  
30    }
31    @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
32      body:not([data-theme="light"]) {
33        --color-code-background: #202020;
34  --color-code-foreground: #d0d0d0;
35  
36      }
37    }
38  }
39</style></head>
40  <body>
41    
42    
42<script>
43      document.body.dataset.theme = localStorage.getItem("theme") || "auto";
44    </script>
44
45    
46
47<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;">
48  <symbol id="svg-toc" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
49    <title>Contents</title>
50    <svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024">
51      <path d="M408 442h480c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8H408c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8zm-8 204c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h480c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8H408c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56zm504-486H120c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h784c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8zm0 632H120c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h784c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8zM115.4 518.9L271.7 642c5.8 4.6 14.4.5 14.4-6.9V388.9c0-7.4-8.5-11.5-14.4-6.9L115.4 505.1a8.74 8.74 0 0 0 0 13.8z"/>
52    </svg>
53  </symbol>
54  <symbol id="svg-menu" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
55    <title>Menu</title>
56    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
57      stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-menu">
58      <line x1="3" y1="12" x2="21" y2="12"></line>
59      <line x1="3" y1="6" x2="21" y2="6"></line>
60      <line x1="3" y1="18" x2="21" y2="18"></line>
61    </svg>
62  </symbol>
63  <symbol id="svg-arrow-right" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
64    <title>Expand</title>
65    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
66      stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-chevron-right">
67      <polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline>
68    </svg>
69  </symbol>
70  <symbol id="svg-sun" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
71    <title>Light mode</title>
72    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
73      stroke-width="1" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-sun">
74      <circle cx="12" cy="12" r="5"></circle>
75      <line x1="12" y1="1" x2="12" y2="3"></line>
76      <line x1="12" y1="21" x2="12" y2="23"></line>
77      <line x1="4.22" y1="4.22" x2="5.64" y2="5.64"></line>
78      <line x1="18.36" y1="18.36" x2="19.78" y2="19.78"></line>
79      <line x1="1" y1="12" x2="3" y2="12"></line>
80      <line x1="21" y1="12" x2="23" y2="12"></line>
81      <line x1="4.22" y1="19.78" x2="5.64" y2="18.36"></line>
82      <line x1="18.36" y1="5.64" x2="19.78" y2="4.22"></line>
83    </svg>
84  </symbol>
85  <symbol id="svg-moon" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
86    <title>Dark mode</title>
87    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
88      stroke-width="1" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-moon">
89      <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
90      <path d="M12 3c.132 0 .263 0 .393 0a7.5 7.5 0 0 0 7.92 12.446a9 9 0 1 1 -8.313 -12.454z" />
91    </svg>
92  </symbol>
93  <symbol id="svg-sun-with-moon" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
94    <title>Auto light/dark, in light mode</title>
95    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
96      stroke-width="1" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"
97      class="icon-custom-derived-from-feather-sun-and-tabler-moon">
98      <path style="opacity: 50%" d="M 5.411 14.504 C 5.471 14.504 5.532 14.504 5.591 14.504 C 3.639 16.319 4.383 19.569 6.931 20.352 C 7.693 20.586 8.512 20.551 9.25 20.252 C 8.023 23.207 4.056 23.725 2.11 21.184 C 0.166 18.642 1.702 14.949 4.874 14.536 C 5.051 14.512 5.231 14.5 5.411 14.5 L 5.411 14.504 Z"/>
99      <line x1="14.5" y1="3.25" x2="14.5" y2="1.25"/>
100      <line x1="14.5" y1="15.85" x2="14.5" y2="17.85"/>
101      <line x1="10.044" y1="5.094" x2="8.63" y2="3.68"/>
102      <line x1="19" y1="14.05" x2="20.414" y2="15.464"/>
103      <line x1="8.2" y1="9.55" x2="6.2" y2="9.55"/>
104      <line x1="20.8" y1="9.55" x2="22.8" y2="9.55"/>
105      <line x1="10.044" y1="14.006" x2="8.63" y2="15.42"/>
106      <line x1="19" y1="5.05" x2="20.414" y2="3.636"/>
107      <circle cx="14.5" cy="9.55" r="3.6"/>
108    </svg>
109  </symbol>
110  <symbol id="svg-moon-with-sun" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
111    <title>Auto light/dark, in dark mode</title>
112    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
113      stroke-width="1" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"
114      class="icon-custom-derived-from-feather-sun-and-tabler-moon">
115      <path d="M 8.282 7.007 C 8.385 7.007 8.494 7.007 8.595 7.007 C 5.18 10.184 6.481 15.869 10.942 17.24 C 12.275 17.648 13.706 17.589 15 17.066 C 12.851 22.236 5.91 23.143 2.505 18.696 C -0.897 14.249 1.791 7.786 7.342 7.063 C 7.652 7.021 7.965 7 8.282 7 L 8.282 7.007 Z"/>
116      <line style="opacity: 50%" x1="18" y1="3.705" x2="18" y2="2.5"/>
117      <line style="opacity: 50%" x1="18" y1="11.295" x2="18" y2="12.5"/>
118      <line style="opacity: 50%" x1="15.316" y1="4.816" x2="14.464" y2="3.964"/>
119      <line style="opacity: 50%" x1="20.711" y1="10.212" x2="21.563" y2="11.063"/>
120      <line style="opacity: 50%" x1="14.205" y1="7.5" x2="13.001" y2="7.5"/>
121      <line style="opacity: 50%" x1="21.795" y1="7.5" x2="23" y2="7.5"/>
122      <line style="opacity: 50%" x1="15.316" y1="10.184" x2="14.464" y2="11.036"/>
123      <line style="opacity: 50%" x1="20.711" y1="4.789" x2="21.563" y2="3.937"/>
124      <circle style="opacity: 50%" cx="18" cy="7.5" r="2.169"/>
125    </svg>
126  </symbol>
127  <symbol id="svg-pencil" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
128    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
129      stroke-width="1" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-pencil-code">
130      <path d="M4 20h4l10.5 -10.5a2.828 2.828 0 1 0 -4 -4l-10.5 10.5v4" />
131      <path d="M13.5 6.5l4 4" />
132      <path d="M20 21l2 -2l-2 -2" />
133      <path d="M17 17l-2 2l2 2" />
134    </svg>
135  </symbol>
136  <symbol id="svg-eye" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
137    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
138      stroke-width="1" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-eye-code">
139      <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
140      <path d="M10 12a2 2 0 1 0 4 0a2 2 0 0 0 -4 0" />
141      <path
142        d="M11.11 17.958c-3.209 -.307 -5.91 -2.293 -8.11 -5.958c2.4 -4 5.4 -6 9 -6c3.6 0 6.6 2 9 6c-.21 .352 -.427 .688 -.647 1.008" />
143      <path d="M20 21l2 -2l-2 -2" />
144      <path d="M17 17l-2 2l2 2" />
145    </svg>
146  </symbol>
147</svg>
148
149<input type="checkbox" class="sidebar-toggle" name="__navigation" id="__navigation" aria-label="Toggle site navigation sidebar">
150<input type="checkbox" class="sidebar-toggle" name="__toc" id="__toc" aria-label="Toggle table of contents sidebar">
151<label class="overlay sidebar-overlay" for="__navigation"></label>
152<label class="overlay toc-overlay" for="__toc"></label>
153
154<a class="skip-to-content muted-link" href="#furo-main-content">Skip to content</a>
155
156
157
158<div class="page">
159  <header class="mobile-header">
160    <div class="header-left">
161      <label class="nav-overlay-icon" for="__navigation">
162        <span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-menu"></use></svg></span>
163      </label>
164    </div>
165    <div class="header-center">
166      <a href="#"><div class="brand">GLOBe 0.0.11 documentation</div></a>
167    </div>
168    <div class="header-right">
169      <div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
170        <button class="theme-toggle" aria-label="Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme">
171          <svg class="theme-icon-when-auto-light"><use href="#svg-sun-with-moon"></use></svg>
172          <svg class="theme-icon-when-auto-dark"><use href="#svg-moon-with-sun"></use></svg>
173          <svg class="theme-icon-when-dark"><use href="#svg-moon"></use></svg>
174          <svg class="theme-icon-when-light"><use href="#svg-sun"></use></svg>
175        </button>
176      </div>
177      <label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-header-icon" for="__toc">
178        <span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></span>
179      </label>
180    </div>
181  </header>
182  <aside class="sidebar-drawer">
183    <div class="sidebar-container">
184      
185      <div class="sidebar-sticky"><a class="sidebar-brand" href="#">
186  <div class="sidebar-logo-container">
187    <img class="sidebar-logo" src="_static/logo.png" alt="Logo"/>
188  </div>
189  
190  <span class="sidebar-brand-text">GLOBe 0.0.11 documentation</span>
191  
192</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="search.html" role="search">
193  <input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
194  <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes">
195  <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default">
196</form>
197<div id="searchbox"></div><div class="sidebar-scroll"><div class="sidebar-tree">
198  <ul>
199<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html">Quickstart</a></li>
200</ul>
201<ul>
202<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="globe.html">GLOBe</a></li>
203</ul>
204<ul>
205<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/index.html">Optimizers</a><input aria-label="Toggle navigation of Optimizers" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-1" name="toctree-checkbox-1" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-1"><span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></span></label><ul>
206<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/decision/index.html">Decision</a><input aria-label="Toggle navigation of Decision" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-2" name="toctree-checkbox-2" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-2"><span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></span></label><ul>
207<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/decision/globe.AdaLIPO_P.html">AdaLIPO+TR</a></li>
208<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/decision/globe.AdaRankOpt.html">AdaRankOpt+TR</a></li>
209<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/decision/globe.ECP.html">ECP+TR</a></li>
210</ul>
211</li>
212<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/index.html">Misc</a><input aria-label="Toggle navigation of Misc" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-3" name="toctree-checkbox-3" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-3"><span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></span></label><ul>
213<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/globe.BayesOpt.html">BayesOpt</a></li>
214<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/globe.CMA_ES.html">CMA-ES</a></li>
215<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/globe.CRS.html">CRS</a></li>
216<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/globe.Direct.html">Direct</a></li>
217<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/globe.GD.html">GD</a></li>
218<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/globe.MLSL.html">MLSL</a></li>
219<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/globe.PRS.html">PRS</a></li>
220</ul>
221</li>
222<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/index.html">Particles</a>
222<input aria-label="Toggle navigation of Particles" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-4" name="toctree-checkbox-4" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-4"><span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></span></label><ul>
223<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.CBO.html">CBO</a></li>
224<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.Full_Noise.html">Full-Noise</a></li>
225<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.GCN_CBO.html">GCN-CBO</a></li>
226<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.GCN_Langevin.html">GCN-Langevin</a></li>
227<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.GCN_MSGD.html">GCN-MSGD</a></li>
228<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.GCN_PSO.html">GCN-PSO</a></li>
229<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.GCN_SBS.html">GCN-SBS</a></li>
230<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.Langevin.html">Langevin</a></li>
231<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.MSGD.html">MSGD</a></li>
232<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.PSO.html">PSO</a></li>
233<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.SBS.html">SBS</a></li>
234<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.SMD_CBO.html">SMD-CBO</a></li>
235<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.SMD_Langevin.html">SMD-Langevin</a></li>
236<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.SMD_MSGD.html">SMD-MSGD</a></li>
237<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.SMD_PSO.html">SMD-PSO</a></li>
238<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/globe.SMD_SBS.html">SMD-SBS</a></li>
239</ul>
240</li>
241</ul>
242</li>
243</ul>
244<ul>
245<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/index.html">Benchmarks</a><input aria-label="Toggle navigation of Benchmarks" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-5" name="toctree-checkbox-5" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-5"><span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></span></label><ul>
246<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/index.html">Multimodal</a><input aria-label="Toggle navigation of Multimodal" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-6" name="toctree-checkbox-6" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-6"><span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></span></label><ul>
247<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Ackley.html">Ackley</a></li>
248<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Deb.html">Deb N.1</a></li>
249<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Griewank.html">Griewank</a></li>
250<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Langermann.html">Langermann</a></li>
251<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Levy.html">Levy</a></li>
252<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Michalewicz.html">Michalewicz</a></li>
253<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.PyGKLS.html">PyGKLS</a></li>
254<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Rastrigin.html">Rastrigin</a></li>
255<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Schwefel.html">Schwefel</a></li>
256<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/globe.Styblinskitang.html">Styblinski-Tang</a></li>
257</ul>
258</li>
259<li class="toctree-l2 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/index.html">Unimodal</a><input aria-label="Toggle navigation of Unimodal" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-7" name="toctree-checkbox-7" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-7"><span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></span></label><ul>
260<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/globe.Bentcigar.html">Bent cigar</a></li>
261<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/globe.Dixonprice.html">Dixon-Price</a></li>
262<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/globe.Hyperellipsoid.html">Hyper-Ellipsoid</a></li>
263<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/globe.Rosenbrock.html">Rosenbrock</a></li>
264<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/globe.Square.html">Square</a></li>
265<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/globe.Sumpow.html">Sumpow</a></li>
266<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/globe.Trid.html">Trid</a></li>
267<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/globe.Zakharov.html">Zakharov</a></li>
268</ul>
269</li>
270</ul>
271</li>
272</ul>
273<ul>
274<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="source/metrics/index.html">Metrics</a><input aria-label="Toggle navigation of Metrics" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-8" name="toctree-checkbox-8" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-8"><span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></span></label><ul>
275<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/metrics/globe.Proportion.html">Proportion</a></li>
276<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/metrics/globe.f_target.html">f_target</a></li>
277</ul>
278</li>
279</ul>
280
281</div>
282</div>
283
284      </div>
285      
286    </div>
287  </aside>
288  <div class="main">
289    <div class="content">
290      <div class="article-container">
291        <a href="#" class="back-to-top muted-link">
292          <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
293            <path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12z"></path>
294          </svg>
295          <span>Back to top</span>
296        </a>
297        <div class="content-icon-container">
298          <div class="view-this-page">
299  <a class="muted-link" href="_sources/index.rst.txt" title="View this page">
300    <svg><use href="#svg-eye"></use></svg>
301    <span class="visually-hidden">View this page</span>
302  </a>
303</div>
304<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-content">
305            <button class="theme-toggle" aria-label="Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme">
306              <svg class="theme-icon-when-auto-light"><use href="#svg-sun-with-moon"></use></svg>
307              <svg class="theme-icon-when-auto-dark"><use href="#svg-moon-with-sun"></use></svg>
308              <svg class="theme-icon-when-dark"><use href="#svg-moon"></use></svg>
309              <svg class="theme-icon-when-light"><use href="#svg-sun"></use></svg>
310            </button>
311          </div>
312          <label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for="__toc">
313            <span class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></span>
314          </label>
315        </div>
316        <article role="main" id="furo-main-content">
317          <section id="globe-documentation">
318<h1>GLOBe documentation<a class="headerlink" href="#globe-documentation" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
319<p>Welcome to the <strong>GLOBe</strong> documentation.</p>
320<p><strong>GLOBe</strong> is a Python package for <strong>global optimization</strong>, providing several algorithms such as SBS, AdaRankOpt, DIRECT, CMA-ES, BayesOpt, and more.</p>
321<p>This documentation includes:</p>
322<ul class="simple">
323<li><p>A brief introduction to the package</p></li>
324<li><p>A complete API reference</p></li>
325</ul>
326<section id="globe-as-a-benchmark-suite">
327<h2>GLOBe as a Benchmark suite<a class="headerlink" href="#globe-as-a-benchmark-suite" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
328<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">globe</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">GLOBe</span>
329<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">globe.benchmarks</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">PyGKLS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">create_bounds</span>
330
331<span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;__main__&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
332    <span class="n">pygkls</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">PyGKLS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">smoothness</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;ND&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
333    <span class="n">globe</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">GLOBe</span><span class="p">(</span>
334        <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&quot;CBO&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;SBS&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;iter&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">}),</span> <span class="s2">&quot;SBS&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;AdaLIPO+TR&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;CMA-ES&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;PSO&quot;</span><span class="p">],</span>
335        <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&quot;Square&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pygkls</span><span class="p">],</span>
336        <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&quot;Proportion&quot;</span><span class="p">],</span>
337        <span class="n">bounds</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">create_bounds</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">99</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">99</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span>
338    <span class="p">)</span>
339    <span class="n">globe</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n_runs</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">verbose</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
340</pre></div>
341</div>
342<p>Example output:</p>
343<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">Done for CBO on Square.</span>
344<span class="go">Done for SBS on Square.</span>
345<span class="go">Done for SBS (2) on Square.</span>
346<span class="go">Done for AdaLIPO+TR on Square.</span>
347<span class="go">Done for CMA-ES on Square.</span>
348<span class="go">Done for PSO on Square.</span>
349<span class="go">Done for CBO on PyGKLS n°1.</span>
350<span class="go">Done for SBS on PyGKLS n°1.</span>
351<span class="go">Done for SBS (2) on PyGKLS n°1.</span>
352<span class="go">Done for AdaLIPO+TR on PyGKLS n°1.</span>
353<span class="go">Done for CMA-ES on PyGKLS n°1.</span>
354<span class="go">Done for PSO on PyGKLS n°1.</span>
355
356<span class="go">Results for Approx:</span>
357<span class="go">+------------+-----------------+-----------------------+</span>
358<span class="go">| Optimizer  |      Square     |       PyGKLS n°1      |</span>
359<span class="go">+------------+-----------------+-----------------------+</span>
360<span class="go">|    CBO     | 0.0000 ± 0.0000 |   -100.0000 ± 0.0000  |</span>
361<span class="go">|    SBS     | 0.0000 ± 0.0000 |   -89.5836 ± 8.3975   |</span>
362<span class="go">|  SBS (2)   | 0.0000 ± 0.0000 |   -96.4728 ± 4.2577   |</span>
363<span class="go">| AdaLIPO+TR | 0.0000 ± 0.0000 |   -46.3281 ± 37.4058  |</span>
364<span class="go">|   CMA-ES   | 0.0000 ± 0.0000 | 1712.5414 ± 3511.7282 |</span>
365<span class="go">|    PSO     | 0.0000 ± 0.0000 |   -99.9929 ± 0.0140   |</span>
366<span class="go">+------------+-----------------+-----------------------+</span>
367<span class="go">Results for Proportion:</span>
368<span class="go">+------------+--------+------------+</span>
369<span class="go">| Optimizer  | Square | PyGKLS n°1 |</span>
370<span class="go">+------------+--------+------------+</span>
371<span class="go">|    CBO     | 1.0000 |   1.0000   |</span>
372<span class="go">|    SBS     | 1.0000 |   1.0000   |</span>
373<span class="go">|  SBS (2)   | 1.0000 |   1.0000   |</span>
374<span class="go">| AdaLIPO+TR | 1.0000 |   0.7000   |</span>
375<span class="go">|   CMA-ES   | 1.0000 |   0.6000   |</span>
376<span class="go">|    PSO     | 1.0000 |   1.0000   |</span>
377<span class="go">+------------+--------+------------+</span>
378<span class="go">Competitive ratios:</span>
379<span class="go">+------------+-------------------+</span>
380<span class="go">| Optimizer  | Competitive ratio |</span>
381<span class="go">+------------+-------------------+</span>
382<span class="go">|    CBO     |      39.4351      |</span>
383<span class="go">|    SBS     |      50.5591      |</span>
384<span class="go">|  SBS (2)   |      50.5083      |</span>
385<span class="go">| AdaLIPO+TR |      100.0000     |</span>
386<span class="go">|   CMA-ES   |      50.5000      |</span>
387<span class="go">|    PSO     |      100.0000     |</span>
388<span class="go">+------------+-------------------+</span>
389</pre></div>
390</div>
391</section>
392<section id="globe-as-a-library-of-optimizers">
393<h2>GLOBe as a library of optimizers<a class="headerlink" href="#globe-as-a-library-of-optimizers" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
394<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">globe.benchmarks</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">
394import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
395<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">globe.optimizers</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
396<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">globe</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">create_bounds</span>
397
398<span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Square</span><span class="p">()</span>
399<span class="n">bounds</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">create_bounds</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
400<span class="n">opt</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SBS</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bounds</span><span class="p">)</span>
401<span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">opt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">minimize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
402<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s2">&quot;Results for </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">opt</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">: </span><span class="si">{</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
403</pre></div>
404</div>
405<p>Example output:</p>
406<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">Results for SBS: 5.147176623870874e-17</span>
407</pre></div>
408</div>
409<p>For more details, explore the modules below and refer to the examples for practical guidance.</p>
410<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
411<ul>
412<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html">Quickstart</a><ul>
413<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#using-wheel">Using wheel</a></li>
414<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#build-from-source">Build from source</a></li>
415<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="quickstart.html#contributing">Contributing</a></li>
416</ul>
417</li>
418</ul>
419</div>
420<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
421<ul>
422<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="globe.html">GLOBe</a></li>
423</ul>
424</div>
425<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
426<ul>
427<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/index.html">Optimizers</a><ul>
428<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/decision/index.html">Decision</a></li>
429<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/misc/index.html">Misc</a></li>
430<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/optimizers/particles/index.html">Particles</a></li>
431</ul>
432</li>
433</ul>
434</div>
435<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
436<ul>
437<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/index.html">Benchmarks</a><ul>
438<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/multimodal/index.html">Multimodal</a></li>
439<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/benchmarks/unimodal/index.html">Unimodal</a></li>
440</ul>
441</li>
442</ul>
443</div>
444<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
445<ul>
446<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="source/metrics/index.html">Metrics</a><ul>
447<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/metrics/globe.Proportion.html">Proportion</a></li>
448<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="source/metrics/globe.f_target.html">f_target</a></li>
449</ul>
450</li>
451</ul>
452</div>
453</section>
454</section>
455
456        </article>
457      </div>
458      <footer>
459        
460        <div class="related-pages">
461          <a class="next-page" href="quickstart.html">
462              <div class="page-info">
463                <div class="context">
464                  <span>Next</span>
465                </div>
466                <div class="title">Quickstart</div>
467              </div>
468              <svg class="furo-related-icon"><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg>
469            </a>
470          
471        </div>
472        <div class="bottom-of-page">
473          <div class="left-details">
474            <div class="copyright">
475                Copyright &#169; 2025, Gaëtan Serré
476            </div>
477            Made with <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> and <a class="muted-link" href="https://pradyunsg.me">@pradyunsg</a>'s
478            
479            <a href="https://github.com/pradyunsg/furo">Furo</a>
480            
481          </div>
482          <div class="right-details">
483            <div class="icons">
484              <a class="muted-link " href="https://github.com/gaetanserre/GLOBe" aria-label="GitHub">
485                <svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
486                    <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0 0 16 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path>
487                </svg>
488            </a>
489              
490            </div>
491          </div>
492        </div>
493        
494      </footer>
495    </div>
496    <aside class="toc-drawer">
497      
498      
499      <div class="toc-sticky toc-scroll">
500        <div class="toc-title-container">
501          <span class="toc-title">
502            On this page
503          </span>
504        </div>
505        <div class="toc-tree-container">
506          <div class="toc-tree">
507            <ul>
508<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">GLOBe documentation</a><ul>
509<li><a class="reference internal" href="#globe-as-a-benchmark-suite">GLOBe as a Benchmark suite</a></li>
510<li><a class="reference internal" href="#globe-as-a-library-of-optimizers">GLOBe as a library of optimizers</a><ul>
511</ul>
512</li>
513</ul>
514</li>
515</ul>
516
517          </div>
518        </div>
519      </div>
520      
521      
522    </aside>
523  </div>
524</div>
524<script src="_static/documentation_options.js?v=0c446633"></script>
524
525    
525<script src="_static/doctools.js?v=fd6eb6e6"></script>
525
526    
526<script src="_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=6ffebe34"></script>
526
527    
527<script src="_static/scripts/furo.js?v=46bd48cc"></script>
527
528    </body>
529</html>

Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.