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58 59 60 61</head> 62<body> 63 64 65<section class="hero"> 66 <div class="hero-body"> 67 <div class="container is-max-desktop"> 68 <div class="columns is-centered"> 69 <div class="column has-text-centered"> 70 71 <h2 class="title is-2 publication-title" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">Physically Inspired Gaussian Splatting for HDR Novel View Synthesis</h2> 72 <br> 73 <h2 class="title is-4" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">CVPR 2026</h2> 74 <br> 75 <div class="is-size-5 publication-authors"> 76 <span class="author-block"> 77 <a href="https://huimin-zeng.github.io/">Huimin Zeng</a> 78 </span> 79 <span class="author-block"> 80 <a href="https://yueb17.github.io/">Yue Bai</a> 81 </span> 82 <span class="author-block"> 83 <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=oKoYjqUAAAAJ&hl=zh-CN">Hailing Wang</a> 84 </span> 85 <span class="author-block"> 86 <a href="https://www1.ece.neu.edu/~yunfu/">Yun Fu</a> 87 </span> 88 </div> 89 90 <div class="is-size-5 publication-authors"> 91 <span class="author-block"><sup></sup>Northeastern University</span> 92 </div> 93 94 <div class="column has-text-centered"> 95 <div class="publication-links"> 96 <!-- PDF Link. --> 97 <span class="link-block"> 98 <a href="./assets/paper.pdf" 99 class="external-link button is-normal is-rounded is-dark"> 100 <span class="icon"> 101 <i class="fas fa-file-pdf"></i> 102 </span> 103 <span>Paper</span> 104 </a> 105 </span> 106 <span class="link-block"> 107 <a href="./assets/supp.pdf" 108 class="external-link button is-normal is-rounded is-dark"> 109 <span class="icon"> 110 <i class="fas fa-file-pdf"></i> 111 </span> 112 <span>Supp</span> 113 </a> 114 </span> 115 116 <span class="link-block"> 117 <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.28020" 118 class="external-link button is-normal is-rounded is-dark"> 119 <span class="icon"> 120 <i class="ai ai-arxiv"></i> 121 </span> 122 <span>arXiv</span> 123 </a> 124 </span> 125 <!-- Code Link. --> 126 <span class="link-block"> 127 <a href="https://github.com/ZeldaM1/PhysHDR-GS" 128 class="external-link button is-normal is-rounded is-dark disabled"> 129 <span class="icon"> 130 <i class="fab fa-github"></i> 131 </span> 132 <span>Code</span> 133 </a> 134 </span> 135 136 </div> 137 138 </div> 139 </div> 140 </div> 141 </div> 142 </div> 143</section> 144 145<section class="hero teaser"> 146 <div class="container is-max-desktop"> 147 <div class="hero-body"> 148 <div class="columns is-centered has-text-centered"> 149 <div class="column is-full-width"> 150 151 <img src="./assets/teaser.jpg" class="center" width="50%"> 152 <h2 class="subtitle has-text-centered" style="margin-top: 15px"> 153 TL;DR: We present PhysHDR-GS, a physically inspired HDR novel view synthesis framework that models scene appearance via intrinsic reflectance and adjustable ambient illumination, thus modeling appearance-related dynamic details. 154 </h2> 155 </div> 156 </div> 157 </div> 158 </div> 159</section> 160 161 162<section class="section"> 163 <div class="container is-max-desktop"> 164 <!-- Abstract. --> 165 <div class="columns is-centered has-text-centered"> 166 <div class="column is-four-fifths"> 167 <h2 class="title is-3" style="margin-top: -30px">Abstract</h2> 168 <div class="content has-text-justified"> 169 <p> 170 High dynamic range novel view synthesis (HDR-NVS) reconstructs scenes with dynamic details by fusing multi-exposure low dynamic range (LDR) views, yet it struggles to capture ambient illumination-dependent appearance. Implicitly supervising HDR content by constraining tone-mapped results fails in correcting abnormal HDR values, and results in limited gradients for Gaussians in under/over-exposed regions. To this end, we introduce PhysHDR-GS, a physically inspired HDR-NVS framework that models scene appearance via intrinsic reflectance and adjustable ambient illumination. PhysHDR-GS employs a complementary image-exposure (IE) branch and Gaussian-illumination (GI) branch to faithfully reproduce standard camera observations and capture illumination-dependent appearance changes, respectively. During training, the proposed cross-branch HDR consistency loss provides explicit supervision for HDR content, while an illumination-guided gradient scaling strategy mitigates exposure-biased gradient starvation and reduces under-densified representations. Experimental results across realistic and synthetic datasets demonstrate our superiority in reconstructing HDR details (e.g., a PSNR gain of 2.04 dB over HDR-GS), while maintaining real-time rendering speed (up to 76 FPS). 171 </p> 172 </div> 173 </div> 174 </div> 175 <!--/ Abstract. --> 176 177 </div> 178</section> 179 180 181 182 183<section class="section"> 184 <div class="container is-max-desktop"> 185 186 <!-- Method. --> 187 <div class="columns is-centered has-text-centered"> 188 <div class="column is-full-width"> 189 <br> 190 <h2 class="title is-3" style="margin-top: -20px">Method</h2> 191 192 <img src="./assets/overview.jpg" class="center" width="100%"> 193 <div class="content has-text-justified"> 194 <p style="margin-top: 10px"> 195 The proposed PhysHDR-GS is driven by three key components: 196 </p> 197 </div> 198 <ul style="margin-top: 10px; padding-left: 1.4em; list-style-type: disc; text-align: left;"> 199 <li style="margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 0.95rem;"> 200 <b>Physical Radiance Composition.</b> The <b>IE branch</b> globally scales the projected HDR image by camera exposure <i>t</i>; the <b>GI branch</b> relights the scene via a virtual illumination modulator, locally rescaling radiance intensity to avoid saturation. 201 </li> 202 <li style="margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 0.95rem;"> 203 <b>Self-Consistent HDR Fusion.</b> The lightweight tone mapper fuses complementary LDR outputs from dual branches. <b>Cross-branch HDR consistency loss</b> between IE and GI branch provides explicit HDR self-supervision without ground truth. 204 </li> 205 <li style="font-size: 0.95rem;"> 206 <b>Illumination-Guided Gradient Scaling.</b> Gaussians in over/under-exposed regions receive small gradients due to the flat slope of the tone mapping curve. The illumination-guided scaling amplifies per-Gaussian gradients and prevents under-densification. 207 </li> 208 </ul> 209 210 </div> 211 </div> 212 <!--/ Method. --> 213 214 215 </div> 216</section> 217 218 219 220<!-- ===== Video Comparison: LDR vs HDR ===== --> 221<section class="section" id="video-comparison-section"> 222 <div class="container is-max-desktop"> 223 <div class="columns is-centered"> 224 <div class="column is-full-width"> 225 <h2 class="title is-3 has-text-centered" style="margin-top: -30px">Video Comparison</h2> 226 <div class="content has-text-justified"> 227 <p>Drag the slider to compare LDR-HDR novel views of each scene.</p> 228 </div> 229 230 <div style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; justify-content: center;"> 231 232 <!-- bathroom --> 233 <div style="flex: 1; min-width: 180px;
233 max-width: calc(25% - 10px);"> 234 <div style="position:relative;"> 235 <video id="vid_bathroom" loop playsinline muted preload="auto" oncanplay="resizeAndPlay(this)" style="width:100%;"><source src="mp4/bathroom_cat.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video> 236 <canvas class="videoMerge" id="vid_bathroomMerge" style="width:100%;height:auto;display:none;"></canvas> 237 <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52);color:#fff;padding:4px 0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;pointer-events:none;z-index:20;letter-spacing:0.03em;">Bathroom</div> 238 </div> 239 </div> 240 241 <!-- bear --> 242 <div style="flex: 1; min-width: 180px; max-width: calc(25% - 10px);"> 243 <div style="position:relative;"> 244 <video id="vid_bear" loop playsinline muted preload="auto" oncanplay="resizeAndPlay(this)" style="width:100%;"><source src="mp4/bear_cat.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video> 245 <canvas class="videoMerge" id="vid_bearMerge" style="width:100%;height:auto;display:none;"></canvas> 246 <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52);color:#fff;padding:4px 0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;pointer-events:none;z-index:20;letter-spacing:0.03em;">Bear</div> 247 </div> 248 </div> 249 250 <!-- chair --> 251 <div style="flex: 1; min-width: 180px; max-width: calc(25% - 10px);"> 252 <div style="position:relative;"> 253 <video id="vid_chair" loop playsinline muted preload="auto" oncanplay="resizeAndPlay(this)" style="width:100%;"><source src="mp4/chair_cat.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video> 254 <canvas class="videoMerge" id="vid_chairMerge" style="width:100%;height:auto;display:none;"></canvas> 255 <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52);color:#fff;padding:4px 0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;pointer-events:none;z-index:20;letter-spacing:0.03em;">Chair</div> 256 </div> 257 </div> 258 259 <!-- desk --> 260 <div style="flex: 1; min-width: 180px; max-width: calc(25% - 10px);"> 261 <div style="position:relative;"> 262 <video id="vid_desk" loop playsinline muted preload="auto" oncanplay="resizeAndPlay(this)" style="width:100%;"><source src="mp4/desk_cat.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video> 263 <canvas class="videoMerge" id="vid_deskMerge" style="width:100%;height:auto;display:none;"></canvas> 264 <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52);color:#fff;padding:4px 0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;pointer-events:none;z-index:20;letter-spacing:0.03em;">Desk</div> 265 </div> 266 </div> 267 268 <!-- diningroom --> 269 <div style="flex: 1; min-width: 180px; max-width: calc(25% - 10px);"> 270 <div style="position:relative;"> 271 <video id="vid_diningroom" loop playsinline muted preload="auto" oncanplay="resizeAndPlay(this)" style="width:100%;"><source src="mp4/diningroom_cat.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video> 272 <canvas class="videoMerge" id="vid_diningroomMerge" style="width:100%;height:auto;display:none;"></canvas> 273 <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52);color:#fff;padding:4px 0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;pointer-events:none;z-index:20;letter-spacing:0.03em;">Diningroom</div> 274 </div> 275 </div> 276 277 <!-- dog --> 278 <div style="flex: 1; min-width: 180px; max-width: calc(25% - 10px);"> 279 <div style="position:relative;"> 280 <video id="vid_dog" loop playsinline muted preload="auto" oncanplay="resizeAndPlay(this)" style="width:100%;"><source src="mp4/dog_cat.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video> 281 <canvas class="videoMerge" id="vid_dogMerge" style="width:100%;height:auto;display:none;"></canvas> 282 <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52);color:#fff;padding:4px 0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;pointer-events:none;z-index:20;letter-spacing:0.03em;">Dog</div> 283 </div> 284 </div> 285 286 <!-- sofa --> 287 <div style="flex: 1; min-width: 180px;
287 max-width: calc(25% - 10px);"> 288 <div style="position:relative;"> 289 <video id="vid_sofa" loop playsinline muted preload="auto" oncanplay="resizeAndPlay(this)" style="width:100%;"><source src="mp4/sofa_cat.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video> 290 <canvas class="videoMerge" id="vid_sofaMerge" style="width:100%;height:auto;display:none;"></canvas> 291 <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52);color:#fff;padding:4px 0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;pointer-events:none;z-index:20;letter-spacing:0.03em;">Sofa</div> 292 </div> 293 </div> 294 295 <!-- sponza --> 296 <div style="flex: 1; min-width: 180px; max-width: calc(25% - 10px);"> 297 <div style="position:relative;"> 298 <video id="vid_sponza" loop playsinline muted preload="auto" oncanplay="resizeAndPlay(this)" style="width:100%;"><source src="mp4/sponza_cat.mp4" type="video/mp4"></video> 299 <canvas class="videoMerge" id="vid_sponzaMerge" style="width:100%;height:auto;display:none;"></canvas> 300 <div style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52);color:#fff;padding:4px 0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;pointer-events:none;z-index:20;letter-spacing:0.03em;">Sponza</div> 301 </div> 302 </div> 303 304 </div><!-- end grid --> 305 </div> 306 </div> 307 </div> 308</section> 309 310 311 312<!-- ===== Drag to Compare Section ===== --> 313<section class="section" id="comparison-section"> 314 <div class="container is-max-desktop"> 315 <div class="columns is-centered"> 316 <div class="column is-full-width"> 317 <h2 class="title is-3 has-text-centered" style="margin-top: -30px">Drag to Compare</h2> 318 <div class="content has-text-justified"> 319 <p> 320 Select methods for the left and right panels. Drag the slider to compare visual results. 321 </p> 322 </div> 323 324 <!-- Method selectors --> 325 <div style="margin-bottom: 28px; display: flex; gap: 20px; justify-content: center; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap;"> 326 <div> 327 <label for="cmp-left-method" style="font-weight: bold; margin-right: 8px;">Left:</label> 328 <select id="cmp-left-method" style="padding: 8px 15px; font-size: 15px; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 4px;"> 329 330 <option value="hdrnerf">HDR-NeRF</option> 331 <option value="HDR-GS" selected>HDR-GS</option> 332 <option value="GS_HDR">GaussHDR</option> 333 <option value="GaussHDR">GaussHDRâ </option> 334 <option value="Ours">Ours</option> 335 <option value="Ours_sca">Oursâ </option> 336 <option value="GT">GT</option> 337 </select> 338 </div> 339 <div> 340 <label for="cmp-right-method" style="font-weight: bold; margin-right: 8px;">Right:</label> 341 <select id="cmp-right-method" style="padding: 8px 15px; font-size: 15px; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 4px;"> 342 343 <option value="hdrnerf">HDR-NeRF</option> 344 <option value="HDR-GS">HDR-GS</option> 345 <option value="GS_HDR">GaussHDR</option> 346 <option value="GaussHDR">GaussHDRâ </option> 347 <option value="Ours" selected>Ours</option> 348 <option value="Ours_sca">Oursâ </option> 349 <option value="GT">GT</option> 350 </select> 351 </div> 352 </div> 353 354 <!-- LDR subsection --> 355 <h3 class="title is-4 has-text-centered" style="margin-bottom: 32px;">LDR</h3> 356 <div id="cmp-grid-ldr" style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 16px; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 10px;"></div> 357 <!-- HDR subsection --> 358 <h3 class="title is-4 has-text-centered" style="margin-bottom: 32px;">HDR</h3> 359 <div id="cmp-grid-hdr" style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 16px; justify-content: center;"></div> 360 361 </div> 362 </div> 363 </div> 364</section> 365
366<script> 367 var cmpScenesLDR = [ 368 { id: 'test_007_0', name: 'Computer' }, 369 { id: 'test_009_3', name: 'Luckycat' }, 370 { id: 'test_017_2', name: 'Flower' }, 371 ]; 372 373 var cmpScenesHDR = [ 374 { id: 'test_r_16', name: 'Sofa' }, 375 { id: 'test_r_16v1', name: 'Bear' }, 376 { id: 'test_r_6', name: 'Bathroom' }, 377 ]; 378 379 var cmpMethodFolders = { 380 'GT': 'compare/GT/', 381 'hdrnerf': 'compare/hdrnerf/', 382 'HDR-GS': 'compare/HDR-GS/', 383 'GaussHDR': 'compare/GaussHDR/', 384 'GS_HDR': 'compare/GS_HDR/', 385 'Ours': 'compare/Ours/', 386 'Ours_sca': 'compare/Ours_sca/', 387 }; 388 389 function getCmpImagePath(method, sceneId) { 390 var folder = cmpMethodFolders[method]; 391 var filename = sceneId + '.png'; 392 if (method === 'GaussHDR' && sceneId === 'test_r_16v1') filename = 'test_r_16_v1.png'; 393 return folder + filename; 394 } 395 396 function buildCmpGroup(gridId, scenes) { 397 var grid = document.getElementById(gridId); 398 grid.innerHTML = ''; 399 scenes.forEach(function(scene) { 400 var wrapper = document.createElement('div'); 401 wrapper.style.cssText = 'flex: 1; min-width: 260px; max-width: calc(33.33% - 12px); text-align: center;'; 402 wrapper.innerHTML = 403 '<div style="position: relative;">' + 404 '<div class="b-dics" id="cmp-dics-' + scene.id + '" style="width:100%;"></div>' + 405 '<div style="position:absolute; top:-27px; left:0; width:100%; background:rgba(0,0,0,0.52); color:#fff; padding:4px 0; text-align:center; font-size:13px; font-weight:600; pointer-events:none; z-index:20; letter-spacing:0.03em;">' + scene.name + '</div>' + 406 '</div>'; 407 grid.appendChild(wrapper); 408 }); 409 } 410 411 function initCmpDicsGroup(scenes) { 412 var leftSel = document.getElementById('cmp-left-method'); 413 var rightSel = document.getElementById('cmp-right-method'); 414 var leftMethod = leftSel.value; 415 var rightMethod = rightSel.value; 416 var leftLabel = leftSel.options[leftSel.selectedIndex].text; 417 var rightLabel = rightSel.options[rightSel.selectedIndex].text; 418 419 scenes.forEach(function(scene) { 420 var container = document.getElementById('cmp-dics-' + scene.id); 421 if (!container) return; 422 container.innerHTML = 423 '<img alt="' + leftLabel + '" src="' + getCmpImagePath(leftMethod, scene.id) + '">' + 424 '<img alt="' + rightLabel + '" src="' + getCmpImagePath(rightMethod, scene.id) + '">'; 425 new Dics({ 426 container: container, 427 hideTexts: false, 428 textPosition: 'top', 429 }); 430 }); 431 } 432 433 function initAllCmpDics() { 434 initCmpDicsGroup(cmpScenesLDR); 435 initCmpDicsGroup(cmpScenesHDR); 436 } 437 438 window.addEventListener('load', function() { 439 buildCmpGroup('cmp-grid-ldr', cmpScenesLDR); 440 buildCmpGroup('cmp-grid-hdr', cmpScenesHDR); 441 initAllCmpDics(); 442 document.getElementById('cmp-left-method').addEventListener('change', initAllCmpDics); 443 document.getElementById('cmp-right-method').addEventListener('change', initAllCmpDics); 444 }); 445</script>
445 446 447<section class="section"> 448 <div class="container is-max-desktop"> 449 450 <!-- Results. --> 451 <div class="columns is-centered "> 452 <div class="column is-full-width"> 453 <h2 class="title is-3 has-text-centered" style="margin-top: -30px">Qualitative Results</h2> 454 <h3 class="title is-4" style="margin-bottom: 12px;">LDR Results</h3> 455 <div class="has-text-centered" style="margin-bottom: 36px;"> 456 <img src="./assets/LDR_supp.jpg" class="center" width="100%"> 457 </div> 458 459 <h3 class="title is-4" style="margin-bottom: 12px;">HDR Results</h3> 460 <div class="has-text-centered" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> 461 <img src="./assets/HDR_supp.jpg" class="center" width="100%"> 462 </div> 463 464 </div> 465 </div> 466 <!--/ Results. --> 467 468 469<div class="columns is-centered "> 470<div class="column is-full-width"> 471 <h2 class="title is-4" style="margin-top: 30px">BibTeX</h2> 472 <pre><code>@misc{zeng2026physicallyinspiredgaussiansplatting, 473 title={Physically Inspired Gaussian Splatting for HDR Novel View Synthesis}, 474 author={Huimin Zeng and Yue Bai and Hailing Wang and Yun Fu}, 475 year={2026}, 476 eprint={2603.28020}, 477 archivePrefix={arXiv}, 478 primaryClass={cs.CV}, 479 url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.28020}, 480} 481</code></pre> 482 </div> 483</div> 484 485 486 </div> 487</section> 488 489<footer class="footer"> 490 <div class="container"> 491 <div class="columns is-centered"> 492 <div class="column is-8"> 493 <div class="content"> 494 <p> 495 This website is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative 496 Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>. Website source code based on the <a href="https://github.com/nerfies/nerfies.github.io">Nerfies</a> project page. 497 </p> 498 </div> 499 </div> 500 </div> 501 </div> 502 </footer> 503 504</body> 505</html>
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