1<!DOCTYPE html><html dir="ltr" lang="en-us"><head>
1<script id="gtm-placeholder"></script>
1<link rel="icon" href="/_next/static/media/favicon.f7343459.ico"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io" crossorigin="anonymous"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, height=device-height, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=5, user-scalable=1"/><link rel="preload" href="/Fonts/OpenSans/OpenSans-700-Bold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="/Fonts/OpenSans/OpenSans-400-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="/Fonts/OpenSans/OpenSans-400-Regular-Italic.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="/Fonts/OpenSans/OpenSans-600-SemiBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imageSrcSet="/_next/static/media/home-icon.2ae865eb.svg?w=32 1x, /_next/static/media/home-icon.2ae865eb.svg?w=48 2x"/><link rel="preload" as="image" imageSrcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=480&q=75 480w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=640&q=75 640w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=750&q=75 750w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=828&q=75 828w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=1080&q=75 1080w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=1200&q=75 1200w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=1920&q=75 1920w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=2048&q=75 2048w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=3840&q=75 3840w" imageSizes="100vw"/><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/><meta lang="en-US"/><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en-US"/><meta name="robots" content="index, follow"/><meta name="description" content=""/><meta itemProp="name" content="Veterinary Topics | Merck Veterinary Manual"/><meta name="edition" content="Veterinary"/><meta itemProp="image" content="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/seo/promotional_share_msd.jpg"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Veterinary Topics | Merck Veterinary Manual"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:description" content=""/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/seo/promotional_share_msd.jpg"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Merck Veterinary Manual"/><meta property="og:title" content="Veterinary Topics | Merck Veterinary Manual"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.merckvetmanual.com/veterinary-topics"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/seo/promotional_share_msd.jpg"/><meta property="og:image:alt" content="Promotional Share Msd"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="630"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@MSDVetManual"/><title>Veterinary Topics | Merck Veterinary Manual</title><link href="https://www.googletagmanager.com" rel="dns-prefetch" as="script"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.merckvetmanual.com/veterinary-topics"/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="x-default" href="https://www.msdvetmanual.com/veterinary-topics"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="37"/>
1<script id="sitecore-context-item" data-nscript="beforeInteractive"> 2 /* 3 MManual.Foundation.Context.Item.SitecoreId = 6b8a9ea2-6cbf-4d7c-b776-ea3b7155bc29; 4 MManual.Foundation.Context.Item.MediaId = ; 5 MManual.Foundation.Context.Item.VasontId = ; 6 MManual.Foundation.Context.Item.TemplateId = 1b952a8-f6ec-4e92-a59d-23ba403eeb7; 7 */ 8 </script>
8<link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/d2f267074fba8ef9.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/d2f267074fba8ef9.css" data-n-g=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/d6ca44b86843e4df.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/d6ca44b86843e4df.css" data-n-p=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/dde3fc8e103327e4.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/dde3fc8e103327e4.css" data-n-p=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/3a2b2f9514119dc7.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/3a2b2f9514119dc7.css" data-n-p=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/f53a8cf31dbb4969.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/f53a8cf31dbb4969.css" data-n-p=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/fb6ad59803032f6c.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/fb6ad59803032f6c.css" data-n-p=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript>
8<script defer="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-c67a75d1b6f99dc8.js"></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-f40a323cf7195762.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/react-runtime-db6af5efe7ca05d0.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/next-runtime-f67df17f-ff4dff455f060023.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/next-runtime-2898f16f-7b7297819fe032a7.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/react-dom-cb120b4c52223285.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-8a9d58ab6923a955.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-0603a864d2dfabe1.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/react-helpers-d94c03bbd32a7363.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/SearchResultsAI-0e7905a2805c330e.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/TextToSpeech-767cf3b5c17e10c5.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/stickyRightToolbar-ace635e31fa7933a.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/LayoutBundle-f35a8aca4f114334.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/FooterBundle-7d9191756025fd28.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/ExternalResourceListBundle-68d1d2a6-f97785a8d14848e0.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/ExternalResourceListBundle-abd7a733-21ae4da29f25dac3.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/languageSwitcher-130f51d67558f89c.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/bootstrap-ce8e1142c993dbde.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/colorConvert-1f4014c212344fb2.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/CanonicalBundle-435516e1cdd3f1a5.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/sitecorejssnextjs-00a3124df2f2457e.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/objectInspect-845c4342e6f7192a.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/sitecorejss-8f192f403b3d5380.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/SeoBundle-1bde11503679b588.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/popperjs-cc694188f22355e0.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/axios-76e6c50fe528f674.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/searchStaxServiceBundle-5141f8c81d23c74f.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/reactautocomplete-24bdc5b7b5302522.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/SectionBundle-b41e35be216b96b4.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/ResourceListBundle-14ff3dee42a6f884.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/FeaturedMedia-96443da4ed33c5ed.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/SearchResults-d3c935ac90ba5bc1.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/reactMarkdown-bc050c32-bf24f7863ac1025f.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/reactMarkdown-0297662d-67d42bd9e8b7d521.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/reactMarkdown-41c30d0b-581f77c6bb552a5b.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/reactMarkdown-35e8c54d-e7398b67958bf930.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/reactMarkdown-8cbd2506-0c26cef092009213.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/067cdb3c-7b198cd2b03d8a66.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/2000-7f465436b3cc0cf8.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/6984-a4aa872dc0c02a64.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/2491-2c55d810d7da5e14.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/4483-441318a8723d1f3a.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/1520-745910a036c5bdf2.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/5799-c15dfbe16488c1e8.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/5667-de9dfc9ba73b9e5b.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/1904-5226e106bcb78fe9.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/6264-257e142531984c02.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/4973-c7d9c5541fb1f82c.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/8253-9750b52b9fbe2f3b.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/9144-dc5e78671a647952.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/8765-00c86aacbcd4c4be.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/%5Bsite%5D/%5Bsection%5D-41c383d5b172e0d8.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/AgabiSIeQc_4066Gm9oEF/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script>
8<script src="/_next/static/AgabiSIeQc_4066Gm9oEF/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script>
8</head><body><div data-nosnippet="true" style="display:none" aria-hidden="true"><a rel="nofollow" href="/n3wbr@nds">honeypot link</a></div><div id="__next"><div class="veterinary font-size-1 light undefined"><div class="headerHat headerHatBackgroundLight "></div><div class=" layoutContainer false "><header aria-label="First header"><div dir="ltr" id="topHeader" class="Header_header__zwoMQ undefined headerbackground 9 header1 10 "><div id="hideOnScroll" class="Header_topHeader__W1HaB container-fluid "><div class="Header_skipToMainContentContainer__xowAI"><a tabindex="0" class=" 11 SkipToMainContent_skipToContentContainer__EzIMj 12 SkipToMainContent_toggleOverlayLtr__D_J78 13 false 14 " href="#mainContainer" data-testid="SkipToMainContent"><span data-testid="SkipToMainContentText" class="SkipToMainContent_skipToMainContent__LJ2JL">skip to main content</span></a></div><div class="Header_content__8vzoI Header_veterinary__wtLln 15 false 16 "><div class="Header_editionSwitcher__wKPSO"></div><div class="Header_mainSearch__yDxgK"><div dir="ltr" class="MainSearch_mainSearch__B2eHh undefined undefined 17 undefined 18 MainSearch_fontSize1__C5mup MainSearch_lightTheme__X_j8b 19 20 " data-testid="mainsearch"><div class="MainSearch_mainSearchAutocom__VTuQn MainSearch_headerSearch__fwhtw undefined undefined 21 undefined undefined MainSearch_noSuggestionOverlay__BfIQf false "><div style="display:inline-block"><input placeholder="Search" id="search-autocomplete" role="combobox" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-expanded="false" autoComplete="off" value=""/></div><button type="button" aria-label="Search" data-testid="search-btn" class="MainSearch_search__5uNbw btn btn-light"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2721%27%20height=%2721%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="Search" data-testid="mock-image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="Search" data-testid="mock-image" srcSet="/_next/static/media/icon_search_black.3a2bfc46.png?w=32 1x, /_next/static/media/icon_search_black.3a2bfc46.png?w=48 2x" src="/_next/static/media/icon_search_black.3a2bfc46.png?w=48" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></button></div></div></div><div class="Header_selectorContainer__vldDp"><div dir="ltr" data-testid="settings" class=" Settings_settingsContainer__kQoyF 22 Settings_vetLight__iqynm 23 undefined false"><button class="Settings_settingsBtn__MZpKy Settings_topheaderSettingsBtn__tqpLu" data-testid="settings-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Settings"><div class="Settings_headerSettingsIcon__VDCln false"></div></button><span class="Settings_hiddenImage__1D_fV"></span></div><div class="LanguageSwitcher_langswitcher__8TMgB" data-testid="LanguageSwitcher" id="langswitcher"><div class="LanguageSwitcher_langswitcherDropdown__6kmsf" id="langswitcherDropdown" tabindex="0" role="combobox" aria-expanded="false" aria-label=" Select Language"><div class="LanguageSwitcher_dropdownHeader__AS6BJ outerCurvedBorder" id="stickylanguage"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2732%27%20height=%2732%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="open-lang-selector" id="langswitcher-image" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="open-lang-selector" id="langswitcher-image" aria-hidden="true" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fsticky-icons%2Fopen-lang-selector.png&w=32&q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fsticky-icons%2Fopen-lang-selector.png&w=64&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fsticky-icons%2Fopen-lang-selector.png&w=64&q=75" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span><div aria-hidden="true" class="LanguageSwitcher_selectedLanguage__2l7EO"></div><div dir="ltr" class="LanguageSwitcher_arrowDown__NeE0d" id="stickyarrow"></div></div></div></div><ul dir="ltr" class="SocialShare_socialIconsContainer__52C2l" data-testid="socialshare"><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list0"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/MerckVetManual" title="View Our Facebook Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link0" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our Facebook Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on fb" width="100" height="100" loading="lazy" title="View Our Facebook Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/facebook.svg?h=100&iar=0&w=100"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list1"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/merckveterinarymanual/" title="View Our Instagram Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link1" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our Instagram Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on Instagram" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View Our Instagram Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_instagram.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list2"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOYyi9dvJC1iFlRljhJwaUQ" title="View our Youtube Channel" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link2" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View our Youtube Channel" role="link"><img alt="follow us on Youtube" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View our Youtube Channel" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_youtube.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list3"><a href="https://x.com/MerckVetManual" title="View Our X Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link3" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our X Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on X" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View Our X Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_twitter.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></header><header dir="ltr" id="bottomHeader" aria-label="Second header" class=" Header_header__zwoMQ undefined 24 Header_headerBottom__5yKF5 25 headerbackground 26 header1 27 "><div class="Header_bottomHeader__Uv_Va container-fluid container-padding false false"><div dir="ltr" class=" Logo_headerLogo__m2Rru undefined false"><a href="/" aria-label="MERCK MANUAL Veterinary Manual Logo"><span class="Logo_headerLogo__descriptionLogoWrapper__W8VCP"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2752%27%20height=%2752%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="Merck Vet Manual Logo" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="Merck Vet Manual Logo" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbrand-logos%2Fmm_logo.svg%3Fh%3D52%26iar%3D0%26w%3D52&w=64&q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbrand-logos%2Fmm_logo.svg%3Fh%3D52%26iar%3D0%26w%3D52&w=128&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbrand-logos%2Fmm_logo.svg%3Fh%3D52%26iar%3D0%26w%3D52&w=128&q=75" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></span><span class="Logo_headerLogo__descriptionText__0RQDp"><span class="Logo_headerLogo__descriptionCompany__NpxQ4">MERCK MANUAL</span><span class="Logo_headerLogo__descriptionVersion__IB4Gw false">Veterinary Manual</span></span></a></div><div dir="ltr" class=" container Navigation_navigation__QRRHH 28 29 false" data-testid="navigation"><div><nav dir="ltr" data-testid="hamburgerMenu" class="HamburgerNavigation_hamburgerLtr__Rc1p4 30 false 31 navbar navbar-expand-xxs navbar-light"><div class="HamburgerNavigation_toggleContainer__NpHxR container"><button aria-expanded="false" type="button" aria-label="Toggle navigation" class="navbar-toggler collapsed"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button></div></nav></div><div><nav id="navBar" class="Navigation_navigationBar__Uxx86 Navigation_hideNavBar__hg6Sc navbar navbar-expand navbar-light"><div class="Navigation_navigationContainer__zAJBO container"><div class="Navigation_navigationList__NwF8U navbar-nav"><a id="71197ac1-8461-4a6d-af4d-2d2f8c0a0400" href="/" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 32 false 33 false 34 Navigation_homeIconSize__E4WhR 35 nav-link"><span dir="ltr" class="Navigation_homeIcon__iCZ25"></span></a><a id="0ad1cff7-cfa4-4dd7-bf61-8fa08c2d9fbc" href="/veterinary-topics" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/veterinary-topics" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 36 false 37 false 38 false 39 nav-link">VETERINARY PROFESSIONALS</a><a id="3ae47cdc-a8df-4c00-8047-4c867c9d16d7" href="/resourcespages/pet-owners-overview" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/resourcespages/pet-owners-overview" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 40 false 41 false 42 false 43 nav-link">PET OWNERS</a><a id="f92ac9ec-19e1-43ab-8bac-c3120eba9431" href="/resource" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/resource" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 44 false 45 false 46 false 47 nav-link">RESOURCES</a><a id="4847e3d0-611a-49e5-bf45-f4ba450f91ef" href="/pages-with-widgets/quizzes" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/pages-with-widgets/quizzes" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 48 false 49 false 50 false 51 nav-link">QUIZZES</a><a id="efa09114-fedd-4726-ad09-5e05b414102f" href="/resourcespages/about" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/resourcespages/about" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 52 false 53 false 54 false 55 nav-link">ABOUT</a></div></div></nav><nav class="Navigation_navigationBar__Uxx86 56 false 57 navbar navbar-expand navbar-light"><div id="navbar-item" class="Navigation_navigationContainer__zAJBO container"><div class="Navigation_navigationList__NwF8U navbar-nav"><a href="/" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 58 false 59 false 60 Navigation_homeIconSize__E4WhR 61 nav-link"><span dir="ltr" class=" 62 Navigation_homeIcon__iCZ25 Navigation_homeIcon__iCZ25 63 "><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2720%27%20height=%2720%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="home" srcSet="/_next/static/media/home-icon.2ae865eb.svg?w=32 1x, /_next/static/media/home-icon.2ae865eb.svg?w=48 2x" src="/_next/static/media/home-icon.2ae865eb.svg?w=48" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/></span></span></a><a href="/veterinary-topics" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/veterinary-topics" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 64 false 65 false 66 false 67 nav-link">VETERINARY PROFESSIONALS</a><a href="/resourcespages/pet-owners-overview" role="link" data-rr-ui-event-key="/resourcespages/pet-owners-overview" class="Navigation_navigationListItems__EyVkz 68 false 69 false 70 false 71 nav-link">PET OWNERS</a><div dir="ltr" class="Navigation_navigationDropdown__h1QY4 nav-item dropdown"><a id="navigation-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="dropdown-toggle nav-link" tabindex="0" href="#"> </a></div></div></div></nav></div></div><div class=" Header_bottomRightHeader__VH6Bj"><button aria-label="Vet Species Filter" data-testid="vetfilter" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0" class="Header_vetSpeciesTogglebtn__ZJJAk"></button><div><div tabindex="0" dir="ltr" aria-label="Search" class="Search_headerSearchIconLtr__VcKW7 fal
71se" role="button"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2721%27%20height=%2721%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="Search icon" srcSet="/_next/static/media/icon_search_white.ab0fbaf1.svg?w=32 1x, /_next/static/media/icon_search_white.ab0fbaf1.svg?w=48 2x" src="/_next/static/media/icon_search_white.ab0fbaf1.svg?w=48" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/></span></div></div></div></div></header><div class="container-fluid breadcrumb"><nav class="Breadcrumb_veterinary__ehO1g 72 false 73 " aria-label="breadcrumb"><div class="Breadcrumb_breadcrumbContainer__BtsRt" data-testid="breadcrumb"><ol class="Breadcrumb_breadcrumbList__gBYIK" data-testid="breadcrumb-listWrap"><li class="Breadcrumb_breadcrumbListItem__oIQVv" data-testid="breadcrumb-navList0"><span class="Breadcrumb_breadcrumbItemSymbol__feGla"><</span><a class="Breadcrumb_breadcrumbItemLink__pOSkV" href="/" data-testid="breadcrumb-navLink0" aria-current="page">Veterinary</a></li></ol></div></nav></div><div class=" StickyRightToolbar_righttoolbarContainer__4aPBM StickyRightToolbar_ltr__Mk9Xs" data-testid="righttoolbar"><div class="StickyRightToolbar_righttoolbarContent__08VkM"><aside class="StickyRightToolbar_righttoolbarAside__greWW"><ul></ul></aside></div></div><main class="container-fluid mainContainerSmall 74 mainMobilePadding" dir="ltr" id="mainContainer"><div class="MainContainer_placeholderContainer__KTA6c"><div class=" TwoColumnContainer_twoColumnContainer__dDt1L 75 false TwoColumnContainer_healthTopicstwoColumnContainer__qImtk 76 false false 77 false 78 false 79 false"><div class="TwoColumnContainer_twoColumnLeftContainer__oKwcX"><div class="Banner_banner__iC3wq Banner_fontSize1__3wHUd"><div class="Banner_bannerImage__rhq3o false false 80 false 81 Banner_healthTopicVetHeight__uG64I false false outerCurvedBorder"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0"><img alt="vet-topic-banner" sizes="100vw" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=480&q=75 480w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=640&q=75 640w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=750&q=75 750w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=828&q=75 828w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=1080&q=75 1080w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=1200&q=75 1200w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=1920&q=75 1920w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=2048&q=75 2048w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbanner-images%2Fvet-topics-banner.jpg%3Fh%3D244%26iar%3D0%26w%3D630&w=3840&q=75" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/>
81</span></div><div class="Banner_bannerData__F56Jn"></div><!--$!--><template data-dgst="DYNAMIC_SERVER_USAGE"></template><!--/$--></div></div><div class="TwoColumnContainer_twoColumnRightContainer__imC5d"><div class=" PageOverview_healthyLiving__eE_oM 82 PageOverview_healthyLivingColor__MDXch 83 false 84 undefined outerCurvedBorder"><div class="PageOverview_pageHeader__svCGb"><h1 class="PageOverview_title__IACL3 85 undefined">Veterinary Topics</h1></div><div class="PageOverview_description__68AO_"><div>Browse by selecting from the veterinary specialties and body systems listed below.</div></div></div></div></div><div class=" FourtySixtyContainer_rightsidecontainer__cdEB4 false false false outerCurvedBorder"><div class="FourtySixtyContainer_leftcolumnVet__ypwSE false"><div dir="ltr" class="MainSearch_mainSearch__B2eHh undefined MainSearch_searchBarPetVet__BC_Js 86 undefined 87 false MainSearch_fontSize1__C5mup MainSearch_lightTheme__X_j8b 88 89 " data-testid="mainsearch"><div class="MainSearch_searchBarTitle__YGB2w undefined">Search</div><div class="MainSearch_mainSearchAutocom__VTuQn undefined undefined undefined 90 MainSearch_mainsearchpetVet__7mg2H false MainSearch_noSuggestionOverlay__BfIQf false "><div style="display:inline-block"><input placeholder="Search" id="search-autocomplete" role="combobox" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-expanded="false" autoComplete="off" value=""/></div><button type="button" aria-label="Search" data-testid="search-btn" class="MainSearch_search__5uNbw btn btn-light"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2721%27%20height=%2721%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="Search" data-testid="mock-image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="Search" data-testid="mock-image" srcSet="/_next/static/media/icon_search_black.3a2bfc46.png?w=32 1x, /_next/static/media/icon_search_black.3a2bfc46.png?w=48 2x" src="/_next/static/media/icon_search_black.3a2bfc46.png?w=48" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></button></div></div></div><div class="FourtySixtyContainer_rightcolumnVet__VG6Zp false"><div dir="ltr" class="LetterSpine_healthTopicLetterSpineWrap__omGFG 91 LetterSpine_fontSize1__7GiSD LetterSpine_letterspineWrap__H_XQs LetterSpine_veterinary__uY5t2 LetterSpine_lightTheme__48JLd " data-testid="letterSpineContainer"><div class="LetterSpine_healthTopicIndex__bwn5B LetterSpine_labelIndex__frIeH undefined">Index</div><div class="LetterSpine_letterspineLetters__aX0fj"><ul id="letterSpineWrap" class="LetterSpine_letterspine__6AT2l false"><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 92 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter0">A</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 93 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter1">B</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 94 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter2">C</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 95 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter3">D</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 96 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter4">E</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 97 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter5">F</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 98 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter6">G</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 99 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter7">H</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 100 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter8">I</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 101 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter9">J</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 102 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter10">K</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 103 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter11">L</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 104 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter12">M</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 105 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter13">N</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 106 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter14">O</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 107 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter15">P</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 108 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter16">Q</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 109 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter17">R</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 110 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter18">S</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 111 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter19">T</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 112 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter20">U</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 113 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter21">V</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 114 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter22">W</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 115 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter23">X</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 116 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter24">Y</button></li><li class="LetterSpine_letters___Upy9 LetterSpine_enabledLetters__SZGMj" tabindex="-1"><button class="LetterSpine_normalLetter__bhRAV undefined 117 undefined" tabindex="0" data-testid="letter25">Z</button></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class=" OneColumnContainer_oneColumnContainer__BCqms 118 false false 119 OneColumnContainer_healthTopicsoneColumnContainer__Ak6Hj 120 121 undefined 122 "></div><div class=" OneColumnContainer_oneColumnContainer__BCqms 123 false false 124 OneColumnContainer_healthTopicsoneColumnContainer__Ak6Hj 125 126 undefined 127 "><div class="SectionList_sectionListWrap__y8s_7 undefined" data-testid="sectionListItem"><div class="SectionList_sectionLabel__f1Oi1 undefined">Sections</div></div></div></div><noscript id="gtn"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-T25JVZ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript><div data-testid="LanguageSelectorPopup"></div><div data-testid="hellobar"></div></main>
127<footer dir="ltr" class="footerBackground footer false false"><!--$?--><template id="B:0"></template><!--/$--></footer></div></div></div><div hidden id="S:0"><div class="container-fluid"><section class="Footer_footerContainer__T379D Footer_ThemeLight__Q67vp false false false" data-testid="footer" data-nosnippet="true"><div class="Footer_footerTop__DL1Rs Footer_vetFooterTop__QtctU"><div class="Footer_footerTopLogo__29V_2 false"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%27240%27%20height=%2770%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="MSD" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="MSD" srcSet="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/brand-logos/mmanual_foot_logo.png?h=70&iar=0&w=240&mw=256 1x, https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/brand-logos/mmanual_foot_logo.png?h=70&iar=0&w=240&mw=480 2x" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/brand-logos/mmanual_foot_logo.png?h=70&iar=0&w=240&mw=480" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></div><div class="Footer_footerTopText__u4zvN"><div class="Footer_footerHeading__agrG3"></div></div></div><div class="Footer_footerBottom__wKIP_ false false"><div class="Footer_footerNavLinks__nMlTR"><ul class="Footer_footerNavList__7dFVQ" data-testid="footer-navList" aria-label=""><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList0"><a href="/resourcespages/about" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">About</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList1"><a href="/resourcespages/disclaimer" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">Disclaimer</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList2"><a href="/content/permissions" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">Permissions</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList3"><a href="https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">Privacy</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList4"><a href="javascript:void(0)" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="button">Cookie Preferences</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList5"><a href="/content/termsofuse" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">Terms Of Use</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList6"><a href="/content/partnerships" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">Partnerships</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList7"><a href="/content/contact-us" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">Contact Us</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList8"><a href="https://www.merckmanuals.com" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">
127Human Health Manuals</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList9"><a href="https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/chd-policy/" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="link">Consumer Health Data Privacy Policy</a></li><li class="" data-testid="footer-navList10"><a href="javascript:void(0)" class="Footer_footerLinkWrap__K0KPQ" role="button">Your Privacy Choices<span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2730%27%20height=%2714%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="Icon representing privacy choices with a green check mark and a white X" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="Icon representing privacy choices with a green check mark and a white X" srcSet="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/footer-icons/yourprivacychoices_teal.svg?iar=0&mw=500 1x, https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/footer-icons/yourprivacychoices_teal.svg?iar=0&mw=500 2x" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/footer-icons/yourprivacychoices_teal.svg?iar=0&mw=500" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></a></li></ul></div><div class="Footer_footerBottomMobile__fYV9M false"><div class="Footer_footerBottomMobileSocial__2xRmH"><ul dir="ltr" class="SocialShare_socialIconsContainer__52C2l" data-testid="socialshare"><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list0"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/MerckVetManual" title="View Our Facebook Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link0" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our Facebook Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on fb" width="100" height="100" loading="lazy" title="View Our Facebook Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/facebook.svg?h=100&iar=0&w=100"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list1"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOYyi9dvJC1iFlRljhJwaUQ" title="View our Youtube Channel" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link1" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View our Youtube Channel" role="link"><img alt="follow us on Youtube" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View our Youtube Channel" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_youtube.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list2"><a href="https://x.com/MerckVetManual" title="View Our X Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link2" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our X Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on X" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View Our X Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_twitter.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list3"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/merckveterinarymanual/" title="View Our Instagram Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link3" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our Instagram Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on Instagram" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View Our Instagram Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_instagram.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li></ul></div><div class="Footer_footerMobileAccessibilityImg__QXteF "><a aria-label="accesibilitylogo" href=" https://www.essentialaccessibility.com/merckmanuals?utm_source=merckmanualshomepage&utm_medium=iconlarge&utm_term=eachannelpage&utm_content=header&utm_campaign=merckmanuals" target="_blank"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2775%27%20height=%2728%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="This icon serves as a link to download the eSSENTIAL Accessibility assistive technology app for individuals with physical disabilities. It is featured as part of our commitment to diversity and inclusion. M" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="This icon serves as a link to download the eSSENTIAL Accessibility assistive technology app for individuals with physical disabilities. It is featured as part of our commitment to diversity and inclusion. M" srcSet="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/footer/accessibility.png?h=28&iar=0&w=75&mw=96 1x, https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/footer/accessibility.png?h=28&iar=0&w=75&mw=256 2x" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/footer/accessibility.png?h=28&iar=0&w=75&mw=256" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></a></div></div><div class="Footer_footerImgCopyrightWrap__wwoYq"><div class="Footer_footerDesktopIconsWrap__4ISLu"><ul dir="ltr" class="SocialShare_socialIconsContainer__52C2l" data-testid="socialshare"><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list0"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/MerckVetManual" title="View Our Facebook Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link0" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our Facebook Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on fb" width="100" height="100" loading="lazy" title="View Our Facebook Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/facebook.svg?h=100&iar=0&w=100"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list1"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOYyi9dvJC1iFlRljhJwaUQ" title="View our Youtube Channel" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link1" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View our Youtube Channel" role="link"><img alt="follow us on Youtube" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View our Youtube Channel" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_youtube.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list2"><a href="https://x.com/MerckVetManual" title="View Our X Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link2" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our X Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on X" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View Our X Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_twitter.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li><li><div class="SocialShare_socialShare__xUPgB" data-testid="socialshare-list3"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/merckveterinarymanual/" title="View Our Instagram Page" target="_blank" data-testid="socialshare-link3" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" aria-label="View Our Instagram Page" role="link"><img alt="follow us on Instagram" width="40" height="40" loading="lazy" title="View Our Instagram Page" aria-hidden="true" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_instagram.svg?h=40&iar=0&w=40"/></a></div></li></ul><div class="Footer_footerDesktopAccessibilityImg__O1Yo_"><a aria-label="accesibilitylogo" href=" https://www.essentialaccessibility.com/merckmanuals?utm_source=merckmanualshomepage&utm_medium=iconlarge&utm_term=eachannelpage&utm_content=header&utm_campaign=merckmanuals" target="_blank"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2775%27%20height=%2728%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="This icon serves as a link to download the eSSENTIAL Accessibility assistive technology app for individuals with physical disabilities. It is featured as part of our commitment to diversity and inclusion. M" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="This icon serves as a link to download the eSSENTIAL Accessibility assistive technology app for individuals with physical disabilities. It is featured as part of our commitment to diversity and inclusion. M" srcSet="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/footer/accessibility.png?h=28&iar=0&w=75&mw=96 1x, https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/footer/accessibility.png?h=28&iar=0&w=75&mw=256 2x" src="https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/footer/accessibility.png?h=28&iar=0&w=75&mw=256" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></a></div></div><div class="Footer_copyrightWrap__5_9Jb false"><div class="Footer_printlogo__lHBSu false"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;max-width:100%"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;display:block;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;max-width:100%"><img style="display:block;max-width:100%;width:initial;height:initial;background:none;opacity:1;border:0;margin:0;padding:0" alt="" aria-hidden="true" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns=%27http://www.w3.org/2000/svg%27%20version=%271.1%27%20width=%2780%27%20height=%2725%27/%3e"/></span><img alt="MSD" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%"/><noscript><img alt="MSD" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbrand-logos%2Fmmanual_foot_logo.png%3Fh%3D70%26iar%3D0%26w%3D240&w=96&q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbrand-logos%2Fmmanual_foot_logo.png%3Fh%3D70%26iar%3D0%26w%3D240&w=256&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fedge.sitecorecloud.io%2Fmmanual-ssq1ci05%2Fmedia%2Fmanual%2Fbrand-logos%2Fmmanual_foot_logo.png%3Fh%3D70%26iar%3D0%26w%3D240&w=256&q=75" decoding="async" data-nimg="intrinsic" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%" loading="lazy"/></noscript></span></div><p class="Footer_footerCopyright__Gt63g false"><span class="Footer_text__2Mgey"></span><span class="Footer_yearText__8NF3j">© 2026</span><span>Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. All rights reserved.</span></p></div></div></div></section></div></div>
127<script>function $RC(a,b){a=document.getElementById(a);b=document.getElementById(b);b.parentNode.removeChild(b);if(a){a=a.previousSibling;var f=a.parentNode,c=a.nextSibling,e=0;do{if(c&&8===c.nodeType){var d=c.data;if("/$"===d)if(0===e)break;else e--;else"$"!==d&&"$?"!==d&&"$!"!==d||e++}d=c.nextSibling;f.removeChild(c);c=d}while(c);for(;b.firstChild;)f.insertBefore(b.firstChild,c);a.data="$";a._reactRetry&&a._reactRetry()}};$RC("B:0","S:0")</script>
127<script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"locale":"en-us","layoutData":{"sitecore":{"context":{"pageEditing":false,"site":{"name":"veterinary"},"pageState":"normal","language":"en-US","itemPath":"/veterinary-topics","layoutServerComputed":{"displayName":"veterinary topics","onetrustDataDomainScript":"1211aad4-d9d5-4776-b6a9-bd2876a603b0","isDetailsTemplate":true,"isPageDetailsTemplate":false,"maincontainervariant":"mainContainerSmall","editionClassName":"veterinary"}},"route":{"name":"Veterinary Topics","displayName":"Veterinary Topics","fields":{"RoundedCorners":{"value":false},"pageTitle":{"value":"\u003cb\u003eVeterinary Topics\u003c/b\u003e"},"MMEdition":{"value":"Veterinary"},"BreadcrumbTitle":{"value":""},"Parents":[],"SwitchItem":{"value":{"href":""}},"UpdatedDate":{"value":"2025-02-27T03:09:35Z"},"background":{"value":""},"maincontainervariant":{"value":"mainContainerSmall"},"IsBreadcrumbSchema":{"value":false},"SeoForSearchCrawl":{"value":"index, follow"},"SeoNoIndex":{"value":false},"SeoAlternateTitle":{"value":"Veterinary Topics"},"SeoDescription":{"value":""}},"databaseName":"master","deviceId":"fe5d7fdf-89c0-4d99-9aa3-b5fbd009c9f3","itemId":"6b8a9ea2-6cbf-4d7c-b776-ea3b7155bc29","itemLanguage":"en-US","itemVersion":1,"layoutId":"cdecb5e6-bf86-5c38-bfaa-75619c440dd5","templateId":"61b952a8-f6ec-4e92-a59d-23ba403eeb7f","templateName":"GenericPage","placeholders":{"jss-main":[{"uid":"903ce423-d427-4892-9c49-34edfe5af927","componentName":"MainContainer","dataSource":"{8E241ACF-6AAC-46C7-9EBF-AC6A9BEA73CA}","fields":{"data":{"home":{"displayName":"home"},"professional":{"displayName":"professional"},"LanguageSettings":{"name":"Veterinary","languages":[{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":"1"},"language":{"name":"en"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"id"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"sw"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"hi"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"uk"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"zh"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":"1"},"language":{"name":"en-US"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"fr"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"de"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"it"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"ja"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"ko"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":"1"},"language":{"name":"pt"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"ru"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":"1"},"language":{"name":"es"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"vi"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"ar"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"zh-CN"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":"1"},"language":{"name":"en-CA"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"fr-CA"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"ja-JP"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":""},"language":{"name":"ru-RU"}},{"name":"Veterinary","HrefEnabled":{"value":"1"},"language":{"name":"es-US"}}],"DateFormat":{"value":"MM/DD/YY"},"DisableOneTrustCookie":{"value":"1"},"DateFormatDisplay":{"value":"MM/DD/YY"},"TopicRevisionDateFormat":{"value":"MMM yyyy"},"TopicModificationDateFormat":{"value":"MMM yyyy"},"AccessConfirmation":{"value":""},"Domain":{"value":"merckvetmanual"}},"LogoBranding":{"CompanyName":{"value":"Merck"},"RevertBranding":{"value":""},"SingleManual":{"value":"Manual"},"MultipleManuals":{"value":"Manuals"}}}},"placeholders":{"maincontainer":[{"uid":"c5ad4a22-1a43-44d8-bead-fa78b62d5ad0","componentName":"TwoColumnContainer","dataSource":"","placeholders":{"column-left":[{"uid":"4099e6f8-a9ce-43f8-806e-2d0562d335b4","componentName":"Banner","dataSource":"{452C9FB7-8E01-4BA1-9E40-C7D686CB9EBE}","fields":{"Video":[],"title":{"value":""},"description":{"value":""},"image":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/banner-images/vet-topics-banner.jpg?h=244\u0026iar=0\u0026w=630","alt":"vet-topic-banner","width":"630","height":"244"}}},"placeholders":{"jss-main":[],"maincontainer":[],"column-left":[],"column-right":[]}}],"column-right":[{"uid":"6096db0a-fb16-447a-84a9-2a8ba05c5d68","componentName":"PageOverview","dataSource":"{7CB90A65-167A-4B62-A7B6-DE530783BE19}","fields":{"logo":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Veterinary Topics"},"description":{"value":"Browse by selecting from the veterinary specialties and body systems listed below."}},"placeholders":{"jss-main":[],"maincontainer":[],"column-left":[],"column-right":[]}}],"maincontainer":[]}},{"uid":"bd0e749e-46e2-46f6-882c-a37587648888","componentName":"FourtySixtyContainer","dataSource":"","placeholders":{"column-left":[{"uid":"f5e9db13-0aa9-4266-9af5-fdf0abf420c3","componentName":"SearchBar","dataSource":"{2852640A-74C6-4E20-BCCE-BEACB687A756}","fields":{"SearchUrl":{"value":{"href":"/searchresults","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"_blank","querystring":"","id":"{F9CF1EEA-768B-4118-9875-58DDA95528CF}"}},"Type":{"id":"6d4b0519-6cc9-4dd2-b11a-244ae3b146f9","url":"/sitecore/content/configuration/searchbarredirecttype/vet","name":"Vet","displayName":"Vet","fields":{"Key":{"value":"2"},"Phrase":{"value":"Vet"}}}}}],"column-right":[{"uid":"0d14000e-35ef-4e98-ad25-f37de7d930a8","componentName":"LetterSpineForSectionList","dataSource":""}]}},{"uid":"7ff24ac6-99c6-4484-a865-ff4c8cf811ec","componentName":"OneColumnContainer","dataSource":"","placeholders":{"maincontainer":[],"one-column":[]}},{"uid":"b6af0edb-19d3-49e8-89b7-744cc74da9ac","componentName":"OneColumnContainer","dataSource":"","placeholders":{"maincontainer":[],"one-column":[{"uid":"eb190e7b-5914-4f3d-91a8-3fa8542b6178","componentName":"SectionList","dataSource":""}]}}],"one-column":[]}},{"uid":"1dbc1495-1c2a-4e5a-99de-322136587b2e","componentName":"SEOMetaTags","dataSource":"{28AF3A8C-D6D1-4CBC-9C83-EA1464C92FB3}","fields":{"data":{"ParentItem":{"parent":{"Title":{"value":"Veterinary"},"authors":null,"coauthors":null,"parent":{"Title":null}}},"SeoSettings":{"socialSettings":{"targetItem":{"shareImagePath":{"src":"//manual/seo/promotional_share_msd.jpg"}}},"globalSettings":{"targetItem":{"TwitterHandle":{"value":"@MSDVetManual"}}},"rootItem":{"targetItem":{"displayName":"Veterinary"}}}}}},{"uid":"71af262f-c773-4f67-bfdc-ab5de67d3436","componentName":"AnalyticsScript","dataSource":"{789BB0B8-6BCA-480C-B2E7-ED59F9B49232}","fields":{"GTMid":{"value":"GTM-T25JVZ"}
127,"Body":{"value":"\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-T25JVZ\" height=\"0\" width=\"0\" style=\"display:none;visibility:hidden\"\u003e\u003c/iframe\u003e"},"BodyBottom":{"value":""},"Head":{"value":"(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'\u0026l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-T25JVZ');"},"TrackingId":{"value":"UA-4427664-6"},"Preloadscript":{"value":"https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-T25JVZ"},"MMEdition":{"value":"Veterinary"},"IsBreadcrumbSchema":{"value":false},"SeoForSearchCrawl":{"value":""},"SeoNoIndex":{"value":false},"SeoAlternateTitle":{"value":""},"SeoDescription":{"value":""}}},{"uid":"d4d08cf5-e6d8-4635-b4b8-245cb082d114","componentName":"Canonical","dataSource":"","fields":{"cannonicalUrl":"https://www.merckvetmanual.com/veterinary-topics","xDefualtUrl":"https://www.msdvetmanual.com/veterinary-topics","alternate":[{"language":"en","link":"/veterinary-topics","authorEdition":null},{"language":"en-CA","link":"/veterinary-topics","authorEdition":null},{"language":"en-US","link":"/veterinary-topics","authorEdition":null}]}},{"uid":"d6f2556f-6d5f-41f6-b5ea-6c8112b07bcd","componentName":"LanguageSelectorPopup","dataSource":"{FEF0B7DC-D1C1-48ED-97C4-164CEBFBE156}","fields":{"Language":[{"id":"aef292fe-2675-4561-8361-67c9cae7670f","url":"/sitecore/content/configuration/languages/es","name":"es","displayName":"es","fields":{"TargetWindow":{"value":""},"OriginalLanguageName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}}},{"id":"322015ca-0a32-41b5-a8db-a5bc7543a7fb","url":"/sitecore/content/configuration/languages/pt","name":"pt","displayName":"pt","fields":{"TargetWindow":{"value":""},"OriginalLanguageName":{"value":"Português"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"PORTUGUESE"}}},{"id":"46cf90bf-f49a-4917-90ef-459aa0eb1701","url":"/sitecore/content/configuration/languages/en","name":"en","displayName":"en","fields":{"TargetWindow":{"value":""},"OriginalLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}}}],"Title":{"value":"INTERNATIONAL VERSIONS OF THE MANUALS"},"VersionText":{"value":"Veterinary Version"},"Description":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMerck \u0026amp; Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, known as MSD outside the United States and Canada, provides international versions of The Manuals for veterinary. The Manuals are known outside of the United States and Canada as the MSD Manuals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBy selecting a language below, you will be directed to the www.msdvetmanual.com site in your chosen language.\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Note that not all features of the US and Canadian sites are available on the international versions.\u003c/p\u003e"},"MMEdition":{"value":"Veterinary"},"IsBreadcrumbSchema":{"value":false},"SeoForSearchCrawl":{"value":""},"SeoNoIndex":{"value":false},"SeoAlternateTitle":{"value":""},"SeoDescription":{"value":""}}}],"jss-header":[{"uid":"6abb9c05-6c2b-4abb-bce4-9829acd6cafb","componentName":"Header","dataSource":"{706CA68A-D4D4-44AC-878D-50B555BF0A9C}","fields":{"VetSpeicsImage":{"value":{}},"VetSpeicsImageYellow":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":""},"BrandLogo":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/brand-logos/mm_logo.svg?h=52\u0026iar=0\u0026w=52","alt":"Merck Vet Manual Logo","width":"52","height":"52"}},"ShowEdition":{"value":true},"Link":{"value":{"href":"/","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{87092BBC-39F6-5BD9-9D6F-C08E7820E07B}"}},"BrandName":{"value":"MERCK MANUAL"},"EditionText":{"value":"Veterinary Manual"}},"placeholders":{"edition-switcher":[],"language-switcher":[{"uid":"09bfd4e9-10f8-4469-b775-337c01d22a87","componentName":"LanguageSwitcher","dataSource":"{CDFE8057-3149-4866-901E-A8728266673B}","fields":{"data":{"item":{"displayName":"LanguageSwitcherSettings","DisableLanguageDropDown":null,"ShowOtherLanguagesInDropdown":{"value":"1"},"Logo":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"open-lang-selector","src":"//manual/sticky-icons/open-lang-selector.png","title":""}
127,"LanguagesForDropdown":{"targetItems":[{"displayName":"en-US","name":"en-US"},{"displayName":"es-US","name":"es-US"}]}},"datasource":{"children":{"results":[{"name":"en","displayName":"en","nativeName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}},{"name":"vi","displayName":"vi","nativeName":{"value":"Tiếng Viá»t"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"Vietnamese"}},{"name":"ar","displayName":"ar","nativeName":{"value":"Ø§ÙØ¹Ø±Ø¨ÙØ©"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ARABIC"}},{"name":"de","displayName":"de","nativeName":{"value":"Deutsch"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"GERMAN"}},{"name":"en-US","displayName":"en-US","nativeName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}},{"name":"es","displayName":"es","nativeName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}},{"name":"es-US","displayName":"es-US","nativeName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}},{"name":"hi","displayName":"hi","nativeName":{"value":"हिनà¥à¤¦à¥"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"HINDI"}},{"name":"id","displayName":"id","nativeName":{"value":"Indonesia"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"Indonesian"}},{"name":"it","displayName":"it","nativeName":{"value":"Italiano"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ITALIAN"}},{"name":"pt","displayName":"pt","nativeName":{"value":"Português"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"PORTUGUESE"}},{"name":"ru","displayName":"ru","nativeName":{"value":"РУССÐÐÐ"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"RUSSIAN"}},{"name":"sw","displayName":"sw","nativeName":{"value":"Kiswahili"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SWAHILI"}},{"name":"uk","displayName":"uk","nativeName":{"value":"УÐÐ ÐÐÐСЬÐÐÐ"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"UKRAINIAN"}},{"name":"ko","displayName":"ko","nativeName":{"value":"íêµì´"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"KOREAN"}},{"name":"zh","displayName":"zh","nativeName":{"value":"䏿"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"CHINESE"}},{"name":"ja","displayName":"ja","nativeName":{"value":"æ¥æ¬èª"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"JAPANESE"}},{"name":"fr","displayName":"fr","nativeName":{"value":"FRANÃAIS"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"FRENCH"}}]}}}}}],"social":[{"uid":"bdae5634-2227-4005-b01c-33130a8fe8e6","componentName":"SocialShare","dataSource":"{3380BFEA-9C9C-41E8-A22E-1D90D984A1C8}","fields":{"communitylinks":[{"id":"a08895bf-4212-40fa-b471-e97c8d9715f7","url":"/components/socialshare/communitylinks/facebook","name":"Facebook","displayName":"Facebook","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.facebook.com/MerckVetManual","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.facebook.com/MerckVetManual"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/facebook.svg?h=100\u0026iar=0\u0026w=100","alt":"fb","width":"100","height":"100"}},"title":{"value":"Facebook"}}},{"id":"983824de-fafe-4fde-bc5f-fd82704a3b85","url":"/components/socialshare/communitylinks/instagram","name":"Instagram","displayName":"Instagram","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.instagram.com/merckveterinarymanual/","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.instagram.com/merckveterinarymanual/"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_instagram.svg?h=40\u0026iar=0\u0026w=40","alt":"Instagram","width":"40","height":"40"}},"title":{"value":"Instagram"}}},{"id":"ffeba118-cf9f-4128-af6c-455a114f0bfb","url":"/components/socialshare/communitylinks/youtube","name":"Youtube","displayName":"Youtube","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOYyi9dvJC1iFlRljhJwaUQ","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOYyi9dvJC1iFlRljhJwaUQ"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_youtube.svg?h=40\u0026iar=0\u0026w=40","alt":"Youtube","width":"40","height":"40"}},"title":{"value":"Youtube"}}},{"id":"549ef4c1-eb64-467b-8054-9a029aa225ad","url":"/components/socialshare/communitylinks/twitter","name":"Twitter","displayName":"Twitter","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://x.com/MerckVetManual","linktype":"external","url":"https://x.com/MerckVetManual"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_twitter.svg?h=40\u0026iar=0\u0026w=40","alt":"X","width":"40","height":"40"}},"title":{"value":"X"}}}],"ComponentType":{"value":""}}}],"search":[{"uid":"2039dcef-b575-47fe-94f3-d142d2b24a86","componentName":"Search","dataSource":"{2F2E8DEA-B5A3-41DE-A667-37DE02B44AA1}","fields":{"HelpEnabled":{"value":true}
127,"IntroductoryText":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eEnter search terms to find related medical topics, multimedia and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eAdvanced Search:\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse \u0026ldquo; \u0026ldquo; for exact phrases.\u003c/strong\u003e\n \u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eFor example: \u0026ldquo;canine influenza\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse \u0026ndash; to remove results with certain keywords.\u003c/strong\u003e\n \u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eFor example: pig \u0026ndash;guinea\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse OR to account for alternate keywords.\u003c/strong\u003e\n \u003cul\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eFor example: sow OR gilt\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ul\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"},"HelpTitle":{"value":"Search Information"},"HelpBody":{"value":"Find information on animal health topics, written for veterinary professional\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Manuals support the following advanced search functionality:\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePhrases using \" \" for example: \"pediatric abdominal pain\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNegations using - for example: abdominal pain -pediatric\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOR using OR for example: sow OR gilt\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n"},"AISearchEnabled":{"value":false},"SearchUrl":{"value":{"href":"/searchresults","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{F9CF1EEA-768B-4118-9875-58DDA95528CF}"}},"DisableSearchResultsFromNewsSection":{"value":false},"DisableSearchResultsFromOtherEdition":{"value":false},"DisableLetterspine":{"value":false}},"placeholders":{"jss-letterspine":[]}}],"vet-species":[{"uid":"4a3c3c04-09d2-4098-8eb8-a4b6dc7c27cd","componentName":"VetSpeciesFilter","dataSource":"{18C7EAC8-B88B-4706-8C08-3CC5F4394274}","fields":{"data":{"datasource":{"hideSpeciesFilter":{"value":""},"hideExpandedCollapse":{"value":"1"},"VetSpecies":{"results":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"alpacas","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Llamas and Alpacas"},"name":"llamas-and-alpacas"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"exotics-pet","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"horses-pet","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Horses"},"name":"horses"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"all-animals","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"amphibians","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Amphibians-Laboratory"},"name":"amphibians-lab"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Amphibians-Pet"},"name":"amphibians-pets"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Amphibians- Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"amphibians-zoo-wild"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"amphibians-pets","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Amphibians"},"name":"amphibians"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""}
127,"name":"amphibians-lab","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Amphibians"},"name":"amphibians"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"amphibians-zoo-wild","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Amphibians"},"name":"amphibians"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"zoo-and-wild"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"bees-apiculture","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"birds","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Birds-Pet"},"name":"birds-pet"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Birds-ZooandWildlife"},"name":"birds-zoo-wild"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"birds-pet","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Birds"},"name":"birds"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"birds-zoo-wild","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Birds"},"name":"birds"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"zoo-and-wild"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"cats","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Cats-Pet"},"name":"cats-pet"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Cats-Shelter"},"name":"cats-shelter"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"cats-pet","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Cats"},"name":"cats"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"cats-shelter","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Cats"},"name":"cats"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"cervids-farmed","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"crocodilians","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"zoo-and-wild"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"cattle","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Cattle-Beef"},"name":"cattle-beef"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Cattle-Diary"},"name":"cattle-dairy"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""}
127,"name":"cattle-beef","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"cattle-dairy","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Cattle"},"name":"cattle"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"chickens","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Chickens-Backyard"},"name":"chickens-backyard"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Chickens-Production"},"name":"chickens-production"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"chickens-backyard","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Poultry"},"name":"poultry"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"chickens-production","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Poultry"},"name":"poultry"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Poultry-Production"},"name":"poultry-production"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"dogs","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Dogs-Pets"},"name":"dogs-pets"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Dogs-Shelter"},"name":"dogs-shelter"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"dogs-pets","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Dogs"},"name":"dogs"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"dogs-shelter","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Dogs"},"name":"dogs"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"ducks-production","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Poultry"},"name":"poultry"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Poultry-Production"},"name":"poultry-production"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"ducks-zoo-wild","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Poultry"},"name":"poultry"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"Ducks","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Ducks-Productions"},"name":"ducks-production"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Ducks-Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"ducks-zoo-wild"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"exotics","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Amphibians"},"name":"amphibians"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Birds"},"name":"birds"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Ferrets"},"name":"ferrets"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Marsupials"},"name":"marsupials"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"primates"},"name":"primates"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Rabbits"},"name":"rabbits"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Reptiles"},"name":"reptiles"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Rodents"},"name":"rodents"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""}
127,"name":"edentates","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"zoo-and-wild"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"equids","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"zoo-and-wild"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"ferrets","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"fish","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Fish-Aquaculture"}
127,"name":"fish-aquaculture"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Fish-Pet"},"name":"fish-pet"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Fish-Zoo And Wildlife"},"name":"fish-zoo-wild"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"fish-aquaculture","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Fish"},"name":"fish"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"fish-pet","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Fish"},"name":"fish"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"fish-zoo-wild","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Fish"},"name":"fish"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"geese-production","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Poultry"},"name":"poultry"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Poultry-Production"},"name":"poultry-production"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"geese-zoo-wild","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Poultry"},"name":"poultry"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"goats","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Production"},"name":"production"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"horses","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"llamas","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Llamas and Alpacas"},"name":"llamas-and-alpacas"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"name":"llamas-and-alpacas","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Alpacas"},"name":"alpacas"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Lamas"},"name":"llamas"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"marine-mammals","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"zoo-and-wild"}]}},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"name":"marsupials","childrenItems":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Marsupials-Pets"},"name":"marsupials-pets"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":""},"title":{"value":"Marsupials Zoo and Wildlife"},"name":"marsupials-zoo-wild"}]},"queryMapping":{"targetItems":[{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Topics That Apply to All Animals"},"name":"all-animals"},{"isParentorSingleNode":{"value":"1"},"title":{"value":"Exotics"},"name":"exotics"}]}}]}}}}}],"main-navigation":[{"uid":"728fb0c3-0c17-4152-8265-e65446c4faf9","componentName":"Navigation","dataSource":"{D3C751C7-E6A3-4FD7-9DF1-5DAF1E73018E}","fields":{"hambergerheaderhatlist":[],"hambergerfooterlist":[{"id":"
12712daa1b2-9d71-483b-83b4-b157822ad14b","url":"/components/footer/navigation/disclaimer","name":"Disclaimer","displayName":"Disclaimer","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/resourcespages/disclaimer","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{C2143B08-88B1-49D0-8E06-124390A551E9}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Disclaimer"}}},{"id":"cabd61b6-818b-4949-81d1-ea9e2edb9c5f","url":"/components/footer/navigation/partnerships","name":"Partnerships","displayName":"Partnerships","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/content/partnerships","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{8FE849AD-EC16-463E-81EE-D7517D6FE92A}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Partnerships"}}},{"id":"31684af6-9381-4056-aa2d-421c06a891a8","url":"/components/footer/navigation/permissions","name":"Permissions","displayName":"Permissions","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/content/permissions","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{F14EE7CD-E675-462C-8AE1-BA68D6B4CF58}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Permissions"}}},{"id":"2a56fced-a932-4b4e-9dd3-dbe8496a7b6d","url":"/components/footer/navigation/human-health-manuals","name":"Human Health Manual
127s","displayName":"Human Health Manuals","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.merckmanuals.com","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.merckmanuals.com"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Human Health Manuals"}}},{"id":"019a0fbd-458b-4599-b94b-d46dd287cb92","url":"/components/footer/navigation/privacy","name":"Privacy","displayName":"Privacy","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/","anchor":"","target":"_blank"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Privacy"}}},{"id":"3082b6a0-03b7-492c-98c0-82c80126191e","url":"/components/footer/navigation/terms-of-use","name":"Terms Of Use","displayName":"Terms Of Use","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/content/termsofuse","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"_blank","querystring":"","id":"{C469D260-6DC3-4DD9-9A0C-1EB75DDE2F5A}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Terms Of Use"}}},{"id":"dda711d5-16ad-4e6f-9d4d-050378bdd9d0","url":"/components/footer/navigation/about-us","name":"About Us","displayName":"About Us","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/resourcespages/about","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{75029443-0197-473A-837B-5B0B3F8676B3}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"About"}}},{"id":"411fa39a-6a54-4ae8-b717-c495cc13d43c","url":"/components/footer/navigation/cookie-preferences","name":"Cookie Preferences","displayName":"Cookie Preferences","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"#javascript:void(0)","text":"Cookie Settings","linktype":"anchor","url":"javascript:void(0)","anchor":"javascript:void(0)","title":"Cookie Settings","class":"ot-sdk-show-settings footer__footnav--link"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Cookie Preferences"}}},{"id":"58f12e71-93aa-477f-b6cd-bdd8bd16b661","url":"/components/footer/navigation/contact-us","name":"Contact Us","displayName":"Contact Us","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/content/contact-us","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{6D39B427-CA1A-4F44-A6BC-06E3EF08DAEA}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Contact Us"}}},{"id":"0302c23f-718a-4939-a856-94575b4dad26","url":"/components/footer/navigation/consumer-health-data-privacy-policy","name":"Consumer Health Data Privacy Policy","displayName":"Consumer Health Data Privacy Policy","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/chd-policy/","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/chd-policy/"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Consumer Health Data Privacy Policy"}}},{"id":"16ca264c-f3b6-4282-a7f3-e8508a06aa79","url":"/components/footer/navigation/your-privacy-choices","name":"Your Privacy Choices","displayName":"Your Privacy Choices","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"http://javascript:void(0)","linktype":"external","url":"javascript:void(0)","anchor":"","title":"Cookie Settings","class":"ot-sdk-show-settings footer__footnav--link","target":""}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/footer-icons/yourprivacychoices_teal.svg?iar=0","alt":"Icon representing privacy choices with a green check mark and a white X"}},"title":{"value":"Your Privacy Choices"}}}],"hambergerheaderhat":null,"navlist":[{"id":"71197ac1-8461-4a6d-af4d-2d2f8c0a0400","url":"/components/navigation/mainnavigation/home","name":"Home","displayName":"Home","fields":{"link":{"value":{"href":"/","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{87092BBC-39F6-5BD9-9D6F-C08E7820E07B}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Home"}}},{"id":"0ad1cff7-cfa4-4dd7-bf61-8fa08c2d9fbc","url":"/components/navigation/mainnavigation/veterinary-content","name":"Veterinary Content","displayName":"Veterinary Content","fields":{"link":{"value":{"href":"/veterinary-topics","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{6B8A9EA2-6CBF-4D7C-B776-EA3B7155BC29}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Veterinary Professionals"}}},{"id":"3ae47cdc-a8df-4c00-8047-4c867c9d16d7","url":"/components/navigation/mainnavigation/pet-health-and-wellness","name":"Pet Health And Wellness","displayName":"Pet Health And Wellness","fields":{"link":{"value":{"href":"/resourcespages/pet-owners-overview","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{B1CFB21B-6942-406F-A0C9-0403EC64E0DD}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Pet Owners"}}},{"id":"f92ac9ec-19e1-43ab-8bac-c3120eba9431","url":"/components/navigation/mainnavigation/resources","name":"Resources","displayName":"Resources","fields":{"link":{"value":{"href":"/resource","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{970C1A82-1C1F-4FC5-842F-1908B03E9803}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Resources"}}},{"id":"4847e3d0-611a-49e5-bf45-f4ba450f91ef","url":"/components/navigation/mainnavigation/quizzes","name":"Quizzes","displayName":"Quizzes","fields":{"link":{"value":{"href":"/pages-with-widgets/quizzes","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{90B6AAC0-72AB-45F1-A992-E0929422A9D9}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Quizzes"}}},{"id":"efa09114-fedd-4726-ad09-5e05b414102f","url":"/components/navigation/mainnavigation/about-us","name":"About Us","displayName":"About Us","fields":{"link":{"value":{"href":"/resourcespages/about","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{75029443-0197-473A-837B-5B0B3F8676B3}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"About"}}}]},"placeholders":{"jss-main":[],"maincontainer":[],"column-left":[],"column-right":[]}}],"languageSelectorPopup":[]}}],"jss-footer":[{"uid":"f32b8a87-9f43-41d1-a830-ad35e86834d9","componentName":"Footer","dataSource":"{41CB6F3B-1FD2-4D75-A486-F928A5ADDD67}","fields":{"logo":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/brand-logos/mmanual_foot_logo.png?h=70\u0026iar=0\u0026w=240","alt":"MSD","width":"240","height":"70"}},"honbadge":{"value":""},"heading":{"value":""},"licensetext":{"value":""},"accesibilitylink":{"value":{"href":" https://www.essentialaccessibility.com/merckmanuals?utm_source=merckmanualshomepage\u0026utm_medium=iconlarge\u0026utm_term=eachannelpage\u0026utm_content=header\u0026utm_campaign=merckmanuals","linktype":"external","url":" https://www.essentialaccessibility.com/merckmanuals?utm_source=merckmanualshomepage\u0026utm_medium=iconlarge\u0026utm_term=eachannelpage\u0026utm_content=header\u0026utm_campaign=merckmanuals"}},"copyrighttext":{"value":"Merck \u0026 Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. All rights reserved."}
127,"text":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003c/em\u003eMerck \u0026amp; Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA\u0026nbsp;(known as MSD outside of the US and Canada) is dedicated to using leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world.\u0026nbsp; The Veterinary Manual was first published in 1955 as a service to the community.\u0026nbsp; The legacy of this great resource continues in the online and mobile app versions today.\u003c/p\u003e"},"accesibilitylogo":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/footer/accessibility.png?h=28\u0026iar=0\u0026w=75","alt":"This icon serves as a link to download the eSSENTIAL Accessibility assistive technology app for individuals with physical disabilities. It is featured as part of our commitment to diversity and inclusion. M","width":"75","height":"28"}},"footernavlinks":[{"id":"dda711d5-16ad-4e6f-9d4d-050378bdd9d0","url":"/components/footer/navigation/about-us","name":"About Us","displayName":"About Us","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/resourcespages/about","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{75029443-0197-473A-837B-5B0B3F8676B3}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"About"}}},{"id":"12daa1b2-9d71-483b-83b4-b157822ad14b","url":"/components/footer/navigation/disclaimer","name":"Disclaimer","displayName":"Disclaimer","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/resourcespages/disclaimer","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{C2143B08-88B1-49D0-8E06-124390A551E9}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Disclaimer"}}},{"id":"31684af6-9381-4056-aa2d-421c06a891a8","url":"/components/footer/navigation/permissions","name":"Permissions","displayName":"Permissions","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/content/permissions","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{F14EE7CD-E675-462C-8AE1-BA68D6B4CF58}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Permissions"}}},{"id":"019a0fbd-458b-4599-b94b-d46dd287cb92","url":"/components/footer/navigation/privacy","name":"Privacy","displayName":"Privacy","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/","anchor":"","target":"_blank"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Privacy"}}},{"id":"411fa39a-6a54-4ae8-b717-c495cc13d43c","url":"/components/footer/navigation/cookie-preferences","name":"Cookie Preferences","displayName":"Cookie Preferences","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"#javascript:void(0)","text":"Cookie Settings","linktype":"anchor","url":"javascript:void(0)","anchor":"javascript:void(0)","title":"Cookie Settings","class":"ot-sdk-show-settings footer__footnav--link"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Cookie Preferences"}}},{"id":"3082b6a0-03b7-492c-98c0-82c80126191e","url":"/components/footer/navigation/terms-of-use","name":"Terms Of Use","displayName":"Terms Of Use","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/content/termsofuse","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"_blank","querystring":"","id":"{C469D260-6DC3-4DD9-9A0C-1EB75DDE2F5A}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Terms Of Use"}}},{"id":"cabd61b6-818b-4949-81d1-ea9e2edb9c5f","url":"/components/footer/navigation/partnerships","name":"Partnerships","displayName":"Partnerships","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/content/partnerships","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{8FE849AD-EC16-463E-81EE-D7517D6FE92A}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Partnerships"}}},{"id":"58f12e71-93aa-477f-b6cd-bdd8bd16b661","url":"/components/footer/navigation/contact-us","name":"Contact Us","displayName":"Contact Us","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"/content/contact-us","text":"","anchor":"","linktype":"internal","class":"","title":"","target":"","querystring":"","id":"{6D39B427-CA1A-4F44-A6BC-06E3EF08DAEA}"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Contact Us"}}},{"id":"2a56fced-a932-4b4e-9dd3-dbe8496a7b6d","url":"/components/footer/navigation/human-health-manuals","name":"Human Health Manual
127s","displayName":"Human Health Manuals","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.merckmanuals.com","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.merckmanuals.com"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Human Health Manuals"}}},{"id":"0302c23f-718a-4939-a856-94575b4dad26","url":"/components/footer/navigation/consumer-health-data-privacy-policy","name":"Consumer Health Data Privacy Policy","displayName":"Consumer Health Data Privacy Policy","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/chd-policy/","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.msdprivacy.com/us/en/chd-policy/"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{}},"title":{"value":"Consumer Health Data Privacy Policy"}}},{"id":"16ca264c-f3b6-4282-a7f3-e8508a06aa79","url":"/components/footer/navigation/your-privacy-choices","name":"Your Privacy Choices","displayName":"Your Privacy Choices","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"http://javascript:void(0)","linktype":"external","url":"javascript:void(0)","anchor":"","title":"Cookie Settings","class":"ot-sdk-show-settings footer__footnav--link","target":""}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/footer-icons/yourprivacychoices_teal.svg?iar=0","alt":"Icon representing privacy choices with a green check mark and a white X"}},"title":{"value":"Your Privacy Choices"}}}],"logolink":{"value":{"href":""}},"MMEdition":{"id":"77f44012-9a42-42ed-b7c8-c761bf937a81","url":"/sitecore/content/configuration/mmedition/veterinary","name":"Veterinary","displayName":"Veterinary","fields":{"Key":{"value":"4"},"Phrase":{"value":"Veterinary"}}}},"placeholders":{"social":[{"uid":"c18d2e68-14a5-42d6-b56e-ad692ef16479","componentName":"SocialShare","dataSource":"{137B3F83-AE1E-4D29-BD1C-6F8582AFC7C2}","fields":{"communitylinks":[{"id":"a08895bf-4212-40fa-b471-e97c8d9715f7","url":"/components/socialshare/communitylinks/facebook","name":"Facebook","displayName":"Facebook","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.facebook.com/MerckVetManual","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.facebook.com/MerckVetManual"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/facebook.svg?h=100\u0026iar=0\u0026w=100","alt":"fb","width":"100","height":"100"}},"title":{"value":"Facebook"}}},{"id":"ffeba118-cf9f-4128-af6c-455a114f0bfb","url":"/components/socialshare/communitylinks/youtube","name":"Youtube","displayName":"Youtube","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOYyi9dvJC1iFlRljhJwaUQ","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOYyi9dvJC1iFlRljhJwaUQ"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_youtube.svg?h=40\u0026iar=0\u0026w=40","alt":"Youtube","width":"40","height":"40"}},"title":{"value":"Youtube"}}},{"id":"549ef4c1-eb64-467b-8054-9a029aa225ad","url":"/components/socialshare/communitylinks/twitter","name":"Twitter","displayName":"Twitter","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://x.com/MerckVetManual","linktype":"external","url":"https://x.com/MerckVetManual"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_twitter.svg?h=40\u0026iar=0\u0026w=40","alt":"X","width":"40","height":"40"}},"title":{"value":"X"}}},{"id":"983824de-fafe-4fde-bc5f-fd82704a3b85","url":"/components/socialshare/communitylinks/instagram","name":"Instagram","displayName":"Instagram","fields":{"hideonmobile":{"value":false},"showonmobilebreadcrumb":{"value":false},"link":{"value":{"href":"https://www.instagram.com/merckveterinarymanual/","linktype":"external","url":"https://www.instagram.com/merckveterinarymanual/"}},"hide":{"value":false},"hovericon":{"value":{}},"icon":{"value":{"src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/social-share/social_round_instagram.svg?h=40\u0026iar=0\u0026w=40","alt":"Instagram","width":"40","height":"40"}},"title":{"value":"Instagram"}}}],"ComponentType":{"value":""}}}]}}],"jss-navigation":[],"jss-letterspine":[],"jss-onetrustcookie":[{"uid":"f49b6772-ebee-4083-8f9d-1a18b92b6be0","componentName":"OneTrustCookie","dataSource":""}],"jss-headerhat":[],"jss-mobilespotlight":[],"jss-head":[],"jss-breadcrumb":[{"uid":"94d783e0-8321-401b-bdae-8d9f6abf8f70","componentName":"Breadcrumb","dataSource":""}],"jss-righttoolbar":[{"uid":"7e476694-df84-4517-a568-752dc2b9241d","componentName":"StickyRightToolbar","dataSource":"","placeholders":{"language-switcher":[],"edition-switcher":[]}}],"News":[],"Topic":[],"TopicDrugs":[],"TopicHead":[],"TopicLeftNavigation":[],"TopicMainContent":[],"TopicResources":[],"TopicSiblinks":[],"TopicSubNavigation":[],"jss-stickyfooter":[{"uid":"185d4191-88a8-4e17-b350-9548320248b9","componentName":"StickyFooter","dataSource":"","placeholders":{"language-switcher":[],"edition-switcher":[],"TopicLeftNavigation":[],"TopicSiblinks":[]}}]}}}},"dictionary":{"Collapsed":"Collapsed","Expanded":"Expanded","LastRevisionText":"Full Review","ZoonoticPetText":"Infects Humans \u0026 Animals | LEARN MORE HERE","ZoonoticPetFooterText":"","ZoonoticPetFooterLinkText":"Find out how
127infections can spread between animals and humans.","ZoonoticFooterLinkText":"Find clinical resources about zoonotic diseases.","LastUpdated":"Last updated","ZoonoticInfo":"Zoonotic Information","ZoonoticFooterText":"Be an informed clinician.","ZoonoticDiseases":"See Zoonotic diseases information hub","ZoonoticText":"Zoonotic Disease | VIEW HUMAN HEALTH MANUAL","SeoCaseStudyKeywords":"Clinical case study, interactive medical simulation, {$title}, Veterinary resources, step-by-step clinical case study, clinical reasoning","SeoCaseStudyDescription":"Evaluate {$title} through this interactive clinical case study. Analyze the history of present illness (HPI), review of systems (ROS), and physical exam to develop a differential diagnosis, interpret diagnostic tests, and determine the definitive management plan. Developed by The Manuals Editor for veterinary students, clinicians, and healthcare trainees.","CaseStudySubmit":"Please select any option to enable the submit button.","Notopicmatchfound":"No topic match found","WrongAnswerText":"This is not a correct answer","CorrectAnswerText":"This is a correct answer","Submit":"Submit","Top_Pronounciaton":"Pronunciation(s)","Top_AboutUs":"About Us","Top_Image":"Image(s)","Top_Drug":"Medication(s)","Top_Table":"Table(s)","Top_Quiz":"Quizze(s)","Top_CaseStudy":"Case Studie(s)","Top_ClinicalCalculator":"Clinical Calculator(s)","Top_Video":"Video(s)","Top_Audio":"Sound(s)","Top_LabTest":"Lab Test(s)","Top_3DModel":"3D Model(s)","Top_Infographic":"Infographic(s)","Top_Podcast":"Podcast(s)","Top_Author":"Author(s)","Top_News":"Commentary","TopImagesPlus":"Top Images +","TopResults":"Top Results","Clickable":"Clickable","Multimedia":"Multimedia","Logo":"Logo","DecreaseSpeed":"Decrease Speed","IncreaseSpeed":"Increase Speed","ContentSpeed":"Speed","Collapse":"Collapse","CombinedAlphabets":"A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z","quizonthistopic":"Take a quiz on this topic","texttospeechinstallationnotification":"Note: This feature requires the English language package to be installed in the operating system","ClearSuccessfull":"Clear Successfull","Pronounce":"Pronounce","AuthorReviewedBy":"Peer reviewed by","IntroductionTerm":"Introduction","OverviewTerm":"Overview","button":"Button","gotopage":"go to page","AuthorModel":"Author","Slider":"Progress bar","Stop":"Stop","Pause":"Pause","Play":"Play","SeeImage":"See Image","LetterspinePetLabel":"Pet","LetterspineVet
127Label":"Veterinary","LinkCopied":"Link Copied","SavePPT":"save ppt","PPTDownload":"PPT Download","CopyLink":"Copy Link","QRCode":"QR Code\r\n","OpenWeChat":"Open WeChat","SharetoWeChat":"Share to WeChat","FindInTopic":"Find In Topic","VetFilter":"Species Filter","Download":"Download","citation_BibTex":"BibTex","citation_EndNote":"EndNote","citation_RIS":"RIS (Reference Manager, ProCite)","DownloadCitations":"Download Citations","Sections":"Sections","AboutPage":"About Page","LanguageSwitcher":"Language Switcher","ResourcePage":"Resource Page","HomePage":"Home Page","EditionSwitcher":"Edition Switcher","TexttoSpeech":"Text to Speech","Print":"Print","SearchPlaceholderText":"Enter search terms to find related medical topics, multimedia and more.","SearchIntroductoryText":"\u003ch4\u003eAdvanced Search:\u003c/h4\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse \u0026ldquo; \u0026ldquo; for exact phrases.\u003c/strong\u003e\r\n \u003cul\u003e\r\n \u003cli\u003eFor example: \u0026ldquo;pediatric abdominal pain\u0026rdquo;\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \u003c/ul\u003e\r\n \u003c/li\u003e\r\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse \u0026ndash; to remove results with certain keywords.\u003c/strong\u003e\r\n \u003cul\u003e\r\n \u003cli\u003eFor example: abdominal pain -pediatric\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \u003c/ul\u003e\r\n \u003c/li\u003e\r\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse OR to account for alternate keywords.\u003c/strong\u003e\r\n \u003cul\u003e\r\n \u003cli\u003eFor example: teenager OR adolescent\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \u003c/ul\u003e\r\n \u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e","SearchIndex":"Index","styleguide-sample":"This is a dictionary entry in English as a demonstration","Styleguide":"Styleguide","ViewBy":"View by:","Tree":"Tree","Overview":"Overview","List":"List","GraphQL":"GraphQL","Documentation":"Documentation","NoBrandName":"No brand name available","LetterspineSelectedPet":"A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, Z","LetterspineSelected":"A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z","LetterspineDeSelectedPet":"X, Y","LetterspineDeSelected":"","MonographCopyRight":"Merck has partnered with Elsevier to provide drug monographs from the Gold Standard Drug Database","Disease":"Learn about the veterinary topic of title. Find specific details on this topic and related topics from the Merck Vet Manual.","LabTests":"Lab Tests","CloseText":"close","ToDateText":"End Date","FromDateText":"Start Date","SearchText":"Search","SearchQueryText":"Search query","PrintText":"print","MoreInformation":"More Information","LoadingProgress":"Loading...","Indicator":"Indicator","PreviousText":"Previous","ViewOurText":"View Our {0} Page","SkipToMainContent":"skip to main content","NextText":"Next","Essential":"Essential Accessibility","ChannelText":"View our {0} Channel","TranslatedBy":"Translated by","TooltipReadMore":"read more","TwitterTimelineText":"twitter timeline","SearchPopOutText":"Search Pop-out","LabelText":"Hamburger Menu","ExpandPopup":"Expand the","MissionText":"mission","SelectPackage":"Select Package","LargeFontSize":"Large font size","MobileSidebarText":"mobile sidebar","MediumFontSize":"Medium font size","TopBanner":"Top Banner","SocialMediaShare":"Share in","Settings":"Settings","SearchResultBox":"Search Result Promotional Box","JumpToTop":"Go To Top","DrugsTableViewButton":"View the drug table","DefaultFontSize":"Default font size","CloseSidebarText":"close sidebar","AddtoAnyText":"add to any","AboutAsideLinks":"About Links","Table":"Table","Self Assessment":"Self Assessment:","Podcast":"Podcast","LabTest":"Lab Test","FeaturedLink":"Featured Link","SearchNoResults":"No results for \"{0}\".","IntroductionHeader":"About Drug Names","Introduction":"About","GenericName":"GENERIC NAME","ByGenericName":"Generic","ByBrandName":"Brand","BrandNames":"BRAND NAMES","BiodigitalModel":"3D Model","Audio":"Audio","VersionSwitch":"Version Switch","Topic":"Topic","Resources":"Resources","Info":"info","Rehab":"Rehab","Procedure":"Procedure","Exam":"Exam","TopicResourcesTitle":"Topic Resources","WhatsNew":"Recently Added","WasThisPageHelpfulYes":"Yes","WasThisPageHelpfulTitle":"Was This Page Helpful?","ThisPageWasUnhelpful":"This page was unhelpful","WasThisPageHelpfulNo":"No","ThisPageWasHelpful":"This page was helpful","ThankYouForYourFeedback":"Thank y
127ou for your feedback","VideoPrefix":"Video","Videos":"Videos","Tables":"Tables","Sidebars":"Sidebars","Podcasts":"Podcasts","Images":"Images","Calculators":"Clinical Calculators","Biodigitals":"3D Models","Audios":"Audio","TopicNavigationTitle":"IN THIS TOPIC","TablePrefix":"Table","Video":"video","Sound":"Sound","Sidebar":"Sidebar","PearlsAndPitfalls":"Pearls \u0026 Pitfalls","Figure":"Figure","DidYouKnow":"DID YOU KNOW...\r\n","Carousel":"Carousel","Calculator":"Clinical Calculator","Biodigital":"3D Model","Animation":"Animation","ResourcesInThisArticleHeader":"Resources In This Article","ViewArticle":"View Article \u003e","ViewVideo":"View Video \u003e","View3DModel":"View 3D Model \u003e","RelatedContentHeader":"NEWS \u0026 VIDEOS","AllVideos":"All Videos \u003e","AllNews":"All News \u003e","All3DModels":"All 3D Models \u003e","QuickFacts":"Quick Facts","ProVetHealth":"Professional Version","PetHealth":"Pet Owner Version ","OthersAlsoRead":"Others also read","LastFullReview":"Last full review/revision","IntroducionToAcuteAbdomen":"Introducion to Acute Abdomen and Surgical Gastroentry","GetTheFullDetails":"View the Professional Version","GetThe":"Get the","General":"General","FullQuickFacts":"GET THE QUICK FACTS","FullPetHealth":"View the Pet Owner Version\r\n","ForThisTopic":"For this topic","ToggleNote":"NOTE:","TapHere":"Tap here for the","QuickFactsSwitchNote":"Patient Education","QuickFactsSwitchLabel":"Click here for","ProfessionalVersion":"Veterinary Version","Note":"Note","GoToReference":"This is the Veterinary Version.","GoToManualEdition":"Click here for the Consumer Version","EditionToggleDescription":"* THIS IS THE VETERINARY VERSION *","Doctors":"DOCTORS:","ConsumerVersion":"Consumer Version","Consumers":"CONSUMERS:","DrugsTableTradeNameColumn":"Select Trade","DrugsTableHeader":"Drugs Mentioned In This Article","DrugsTableDrugNameColumnTitle":"Drug Name","ContentLastModified":"Modified","Biology":"Biology","AdditionalContentTitle":"Additional Content","AdditionalContentProceduralVideos":"Procedural Videos","AdditionalContentMedicalNews":"Medical News","OtherTopicsInThisChapter":"OTHER TOPICS IN THIS CHAPTER","ViewAll":"View All","ViewOnAnyDevice":"View On Any Device","TW":"TW","Veterinary":"Veterinary","Top":"TOP","TestYourKnowledge":"Test your knowledge","StoreLanguageCookieConfirmation":"Proceed in","Tags":"Tags:","StickyShare":"Share","Share":"Share:","SetPreferredLanguageText":"Choose your preferred language","SeeMore":"See more","SearchResult_Video":"Video","SearchResult_TopImagesFor":"Top images for {query}","SearchResult_SeeMoreImagesFor":"See more images for {query} \u003e","SearchResult_Table":"Table","SearchResult_Quiz":"Quiz","SearchResult_Podcast":"Podcast","SearchResult_News":"Commentary","SearchResult_MedicalTopic":"Veterinary Topic","SearchResult_LabTest":"Lab Test","SearchResult_Infographics":"Infographics","SearchResult_CaseStudy":"Case Study","SearchResult_ContentPage":"About Us","SearchResult_Calculator":"Calculator","SearchResult_Biodigital":"3D Model","SearchResult_Audio":"Audios","SearchFilterGroup_Sections":"Refine by Section","SearchFilter_Videos":"Videos","SearchFilter_Tables":"Tables","SearchFilter_RefineResults":"Refine Results","SearchFilter_Podcasts":"Podcasts","SearchFilter_Quizzes":"Quizzes","SearchFilter_News":"News","SearchFilter_MedicalTopics":"Veterinary Topics","SearchFilter_LabTests":"Lab Tests","SearchFilter_Images":"Images","SearchFilter_Infographics":"Infographics","SearchFilter_ContentPage":"About Us","SearchFilter_Calculators":"Calculators","SearchFilter_BiodigitalModels":"3D Models","SearchFilter_AllTypes":"Select all","SearchFilter_Audios":"Audios","SearchFilter_AllSections":"Select all sections","Search_ShowAllSections":"[+] Show all sections","Search_More":"More","Search":"Search","Results":"results","Redirecting":"Redirecting...","ReadMore":"To read more, visit ","QuickFactsLabel":"Pet Owner Topics","QuickFactsIconText":"Pet Owner Version ","Query":"Query","Previous":"\u003c PREVIOUS","PetHealthLabel":"Pet Owner Version:","NoResults":"No results","Next":"NEXT \u003e","More":"Read All","MetaTagEditionName":"Veterinary","MedicalTopic":"Veterinary Topic","
127LoadMore":"Load More","LearnMore":"Read All","Loading":"Loading","LangSwitch_TopicNoMatch_Redirect":"Continue to chapter overview in target language","LanguageSwitchOriginalTitle":"Original title:","LangSwitch_TopicNoMatch_Cancel":"Do not change language","LangSwitch_TopicMultipleMatch_Redirect":"OK","LangSwitch_TopicNoMatch":"No direct match for this article is available in the target language.","LangSwitch_TopicMultipleMatch":"There is more than one match for the current content in the new language, you will be redirected to a list of matching content.","LangSwitch_NewsNoMatch_Cancel":"Do not change language","LangSwitch_NewsNoMatch_Redirect":"Continue to news overview in target language","LangSwitch_NewsNoMatch":"No direct match for this article is available in the target language.","JustTheBasicsOnThisTopic":"of this topic ","JustTheBasics":"Just the basics","Grid":"Grid","IncludeOnly":"Include only","Featured":"Featured","FB":"FB","ExpandAll":"Expand all","Details":"Details","Copyright":"Merck \u0026 Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. All rights reserved.\r\n","ConnectWithUs":"Connect with us","CollapseAll":"Collapse all","ClickToPlay":"Click to play","Chapter":"see","BySection":"By section","ByName":"By name","AmICorrect":"AM I CORRECT?","Apply":"Apply","All":"All","AccessConfirmationMessage":"Please confirm that you are a health care professional","AdditionalContentCaseStudies":"Case Studies","SearchSeeOtherEditionResults":"Consumer Version results","SearchSearchInsteadFor":"Search Instead For","SearchResultsForTitleTab":"Search results for:","SearchResultsFor":"results for:","SearchRelatedSearchesHere":"[Related searches here]","SearchRelatedSearches":"Related Searches","SearchPopularBrandNames":"Popular brand names:","SearchMoreLikeThis":"More","SearchMoreInfo":"Search More Info","SearchInTheNews":"In The News","SearchFromTheOtherEdition":"From The Consumer Version","SearchImagesRelatedTo":"Related Images","ResourcePageVideo":"Resource Page Video","SearchAllRelatedImages":"All Related Images","PleaseEnterTheQuery":"Please, enter the query you're looking for.","EditorialNewsVideo":"Editorial News Video","Thumbnail":"Thumbn
127ail","SortOrderBySection":"By Section","SortOrderAlphabetical":"Alphabetical","SortBy":"Sort By:","ShowMore":"Show All Items","ShowLess":"Show Fewer Items","Section":"Section","SectionFilter":"Section Filter:","RefineResults":"Refine Results","RefineBy":"Refine By","NotFound":"Not Found","NoGroupOther":"Other","Locations":"Locations","KeywordFilter":"Keyword:","ItemsPerPage":"Items per page:","ItemsFound":"items found","GoToLetter":"Go To Letter","GoToSection":"Go To Section","ContentTypeFilter":"Content Type Filter","ClearFilters":"Clear filters","ApplyFilters":"Apply","AlphabetLetters":"A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z","VideoNews":"TV","HealthDay":"HealthDay","News":"News","Blog":"Blog","Commentary":"Commentary","Almost Doctor":"Almost Doctor","ShowDateRange":"Show for Date Range:","ShowByType":"Show by Type:","RefinePlaceholderTo":"To MM/DD/YYYY","RefinePlaceholderFrom":"From MM/DD/YYYY","RefinePlaceholderKeyword":"To MM/DD/YYYY","NewsRelatedContent":"RELATED CONTENT","NewsPageRelatedNewsArticle":"Related News Article","NewsPageNewsRelatedCommentary":"Related Commentary from our Editors","NewsPageRelatedCommentaryNewsArticle":"Commented News Article","NewsPageNewsAndCommentary":"Commentary","ViewHomeEdition":"View Consumer Version","ViewProfessionalEdition":"View Professional Version","Japanese":"Japanese","Espaniol":"Espaniol","English":"English","MonographHeader":"\u003ch2\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"DSynonym\"\u003e\r\n Drug Information Provided by Elsevier\r\n\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n\u003ci\u003eThis information reflects approved US FDA prescribing information and may not reflect prescribing information in your country. Please consult a drug reference applicable to your country.\u003c/i\u003e\r\n\u003c/p\u003e","Deutsch":"Deutsch","DrugPageName_1":"Drugs by Name, Generic and Brand","DrugPageName":"Drugs by Name, Generic and Brand","Editorials":"Editorial","SearchResult_Infobutton_Details":"Details","SearchResult_Infobutton_SectionChapter":"Section/Chapter:","InfobuttonTest":"Infobutton TEST","InfobuttonError":"Infobutton ERROR","See Table 1":"See table:","table numonly":"{blank}","see table":"see Table:","see sidebar":"see","see Page for Heading":"see","see page":"see","See page 1":"See","see heading on page":"see","See heading on page 1":"See","See figure 1":"See figure:","see figure":"see Figure:","See chapter 1":"See","see chapter":"see","See also page 1":"See also","see also page":"see also","See also heading on page 2":"See also","See also Heading on Page 1":"See also","See also Heading amp Page":"See also","see also heading on page":"see also","See":"See","page numonly":"{blank}","No Format Provided":"{blank}","figure numonly":"{blank}","in Chapter":"in","Fig hash on p":"in","described on p":"in","Fig hash":"see","default":"see","chapter on page":"discussed in","Section3Description":"Information that is clear and easy to understand on thousands of medical disorders and symptoms","Section4Description":"Information that is clear and easy to understand on thousands of medical disorders and symptoms","Section2Description":"Information that is clear and easy to understand on thousands of medical disorders and symptoms","ShowAll":"Show All","Section1Description":"Information that is clear and easy to understand on thousands of medical disorders and symptoms","Show":"Show Popup","PastWeek":"Past week","PastMonth":"Past month","PastDay":"Past day","SocialMedia":"SOCIAL MEDIA","LatestNews":"LATEST NEWS","Latest":"Latest","AddToAnyPlatform":"Add to Any Platform","Related":"RELATED:","QuickLinks":"Quick Links","NewsViewModeHeader":"VIEW MODE","NewsViewMode_Condensed":"condensed","NewsViewMode_Normal":"normal","MoreCommentary":"MORE COMMENTARY","MedicalTopics":"Medical Topics","Follow":"Follow","FollowUsOnTwitter":"Follow us on Twitter","Continue":"Continue","By":"By","WeiboTitle":"Weibo","WechatTextPart2":"to share.","WechatTitle":"Share to Wechat","WechatTextPart1":"Scan QR Code in WeChat and tap ","VKTitle":"VK","TwitterTitle":"TwitterTitle","TwitterText":"TwitterText","QQTitle":"QQ","OdnoklassnikiTitle":"Odnoklassniki","MailTitle":"Mail","LinkedInTitle":"LinkedIn","FacebookTitle":"Facebook","GooglePlusTitle":"Google+","MoreTools":"More Tools","SearchBoxPlaceholder":"Search","SearchBoxPlaceholderMobile":"Search","SearchBoxDescription":"Find information on animal health to
127pics, written for the veterinary professional.","RecentNews":"Recent News","Quizzes":"quizzes","MoreQuizes":"More Quizzes","MoreCaseStudies":"More Case Studies","Cases":"Cases","BroughtToYouBy":"Brought to you by","Quiz":"Quiz","Image":"Image","Infographic":"Infographic","CaseStudy":"Case Studies","Price":"Free","OnTheAppStore":" - On the App Store","InGooglePlay":" - In Google Play","ButtonText":"View","LanguageFallbackTitle":"Language Fallback","LanguageFallbackNumOfVersions":"NUM OF VERSIONS:","LanguageFallbackModel":"MODEL:","LanguageFallbackContextLanguage":"CONTEXT LANGUAGE:","LanguageFallbackItemLanguage":"ITEM LANGUAGE:","Subtitle":"The trusted provider of veterinary information since 1955","LetterSpineButton":"A-Z","AlsoOfInterestTitle":"Also of Interest","Caption":"Click for an interactive experience","AlsoOfInterestStudentStory":"\u003cb\u003eSTUDENT\u003c/b\u003eSTORIES","AlsoOfInterestTestYour":"Test your ","AlsoOfInterestMoreVideos":"More Videos","AlsoOfInterestMoreStudentStories":"More Student Stories","AlsoOfInterestMoreQuizzes":"More Quizzes","AlsoOfInterestMoreNews":"More News","AlsoOfInterestFollowUsOnTwitter":"Follow Us On Twitter","AlsoOfInterestJoinUsOnFacebook":"Join Us On Facebook","AlsoOfInterestAMedicalEducationBlog":"VETERINARY STUDENT BLOG","AlsoOfInterestKnowledge":"knowledge","Source":"Source:","SocialMediaFollowUs":"follow us on","SidebarAdditionalContent":"ADDITIONAL CONTENT\r\n","SelectLanguageText":"Select Language","SearchResultFor":"For:","Infographics":"Infographics","Figures":"Figures","Case Studies":"Case Studies","ViewAllResources":"View All Resources","ViewAllSymptoms":"ALL SYMPTOMS","ViewAllProcedures":"View All Procedures \u003e","ViewAllNews":"View All News \u003e","ViewAllHealthTopics":"View All Health Topics","Home":"Home","CommonHealthVetTopics":"Common Veterinary Topics","CommonHealthTopics":"Common Health Topics","ShowDetails":"Show Details","MediaName_SelfAssesment":"Self-Assessment","MultiMediaLocations":"In these topics","HideDetails":"Hide Details","ClinicalCalculator":"Clinical Calculator","Close":"Close","Search Information Text":"Search by Name - Generic or Brand","RouteSpecificPharmacokinetics":"Route-Specific Pharmacokinetics","Renal Impairment":"Renal Impairment","Pharmacokinetics":"Pharmacokinetics","PregnancyAndLactation":"Pregnancy And Lactation","ParentMonographHeaderTwo":"Related Drugs","ParentMonographHeaderOne":"Refer to route specific","NoBrandNameText":"No brand name available","MonographTitle":"Drug Information","MonographAriaLabel":"Search Drug","MechanismOfAction":"Mechanism Of Action","LetterspineTitleText":"Generic Drug Names A - Z","MaximumDosageLimits":"Maximum Dosage Limits","LastRevisionDate":"Reviewed/Revised","Interactions":"Interactions","IndicationSpecificDosing":"Indication Specific Dosing","Hepatic Impairment":"Hepatic Impairment","HttpStatusCode":"Http Status Code","DosageAdjustmentGuidelines":"Dosage Adjustment Guidelines","Description":"","ContraindicationsAndPrecaution":"Contraindications And Precaution","BrandName":"Brand Names","AdverseReaction":"Adverse Reaction","Administration":"Administration","Menu":"Menu","ExternalLinkConfirmationPopupTitle":"Leave this Site? ","Stay":"Cancel ","Proceed":"Continue ","ExternalLinkConfirmationPopupDescription":"The link you have selected will take you to a third-party website. We do not control or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site.","Numbers":"0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9","Letterspine":"Letterspine","Alphabet":"A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z","LangSwitch_OtherLanguages":"Other Languages","WatchVideo":"WATCH VIDEO","AboutSection":"About","ChooseVersion":"Choose the version that best meets your needs","DrugPageMobileLetters":"Letter Navigation","Yes":"Yes","No":"No","BreadcrumbEllipsis":"Breadcrumb Ellipsis. Click to expand","Shortcut":"You can add this page to your bookmarks by pressing ","Breadcrumb":"Breadcrumb","FromMenu":"or click start icon on the right side of the address bar to add a bookmark.","NextTopic":"Up Next:","PreviousTopic":"Up Next:","PersonalizedProfilePicture":"Profile Picture of","DefaultProfilePicture":"Default Profile Picture","AuthorImage":"Author Profile Picture","AboutPageLastModified":"Content last modified","Light Theme":"light theme","Dark Theme":"dark theme","Calender":"Calender","AlphabetText":"Alphabet","Article":"ARTICLE","MedStudentStory":"STUDENT STORIES","ManualNameText":"Merck Veterinary Manual","Generate query URL":"Generate query URL","HTTP Method":"HTTP Method","Age Value Type":"Age Value Type (age.v.u)","Age":"Age (age.v.v)","Gender":"Gender (patientPerson.administrativeGenderCode.c)","Location of Interest Country":"Location of Interest Country (locationOfInterest.addr.CNT)","Information Recipient Language Code":"Information Recipient Language Code (informationRecipient.languageCode.c)","Knowledge Response Type":"Knowledge Response Type (knowledgeResponseType) ","Information Recipient":"Information Recipient (informationRecipient) ","Password":"Password (holder.assignedEntity.certificateText) *","User Name":"User Name (holder.assignedEntity.n) *","Sub Topic Dis
127play Name":"Sub Topic Display Name (subTopic.v.dn)","Sub Topic Code":"Sub Topic Code (subTopic.v.c)","Sub Topic Code System":"Sub Topic Code System (subTopic.v.cs) ","Main Search Criteria Display Name":"Main Search Criteria Display Name (mainSearchCriteria.v.dn) \r\nex. nephritic syndrome","Main Search Criteria Original Term":"Main Search Criteria Original Term (mainSearchCriteria.v.ot) \r\nex. pneumonia","Main Search Criteria Code System":"Main Search Criteria Code System (mainSearchCriteria.v.cs)","Main Search Criteria Code":"Main Search Criteria Code (mainSearchCriteria.v.c) \r\nex. 161.975, 123.01, 370.019, 198.82","Task Context Code":"Task Context Code (taskContext.c.c)","CollapseAllTopics":"Collapse all","ExpandAllTopics":"Expand all","ExpandAllChapters":"Expand all","CollapseAllChapters":"Collapse all","SeoDescription":"Learn about the veterinary topic of $TopicName. Find specific details on this topic and related topics from the Merck Vet Manual.","SectionsA-Z":"Sections (A-Z)","SiteTitle":"MerckManuals.com","FromTheMManual":"From the Merck Veterinary Manual","MailSubject":"The Merck Manuals - {title}","KeyTopicsSectionTitle":"Key Topics it this Section","KeyChaptersSectionTitle":"Key Chapters Consumer","CopyrightLabel":"","PearlOfTheDay":"","Title":"MERCK MANUAL - Veterinary Manual","MManuals":"Merck Veterinary Manual","LexicompHeader":"\u003ch2\u003e\r\n\u003cspan class=\"DSynonym\"\u003e\r\n Drug Information Provided by Lexi-Comp\r\n\u003c/span\u003e\r\n\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\r\n\u003ci\u003eThis information has been developed and provided by an independent third-party source. Merck \u0026amp; Co., Inc. does not endorse and is not responsible for the accuracy of the content, or for practices or standards of non-Merck sources.\u003c/i\u003e\r\n\u003c/p\u003e","MManual":"Merck Veterinary Manual","MailText":"The following topic from the Merck Manual has been sent to you: \r\n%0D%0A\r\n%0D%0A\r\n{title} \r\n%0D%0A\r\n%0D%0A\r\n{link} "},"componentProps":{"d4d08cf5-e6d8-4635-b4b8-245cb082d114":{"alternate":null},"7e476694-df84-4517-a568-752dc2b9241d":{"languageSwitcherData":{"uid":"09bfd4e9-10f8-4469-b775-337c01d22a87","componentName":"LanguageSwitcher","dataSource":"{CDFE8057-3149-4866-901E-A8728266673B}","fields":{"data":{"item":{"displayName":"LanguageSwitcherSettings","DisableLanguageDropDown":null,"ShowOtherLanguagesInDropdown":{"value":"1"},"Logo":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"open-lang-selector","src":"//manual/sticky-icons/open-lang-selector.png","title":""},"LanguagesForDropdown":{"targetItems":[{"displayName":"en-US","name":"en-US"},{"displayName":"es-US","name":"es-US"}]}},"datasource":{"children":{"results":[{"name":"en","displayName":"en","nativeName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}},{"name":"vi","displayName":"vi","nativeName":{"value":"Tiếng Viá»t"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"Vietnamese"}},{"name":"ar","displayName":"ar","nativeName":{"value":"Ø§ÙØ¹Ø±Ø¨ÙØ©"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ARABIC"}},{"name":"de","displayName":"de","nativeName":{"value":"Deutsch"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"GERMAN"}},{"name":"en-US","displayName":"en-US","nativeName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}},{"name":"es","displayName":"es","nativeName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}},{"name":"es-US","displayName":"es-US","nativeName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}},{"name":"hi","displayName":"hi","nativeName":{"value":"हिनà¥à¤¦à¥"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"HINDI"}},{"name":"id","displayName":"id","nativeName":{"value":"Indonesia"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"Indonesian"}},{"name":"it","displayName":"it","nativeName":{"value":"Italiano"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ITALIAN"}},{"name":"pt","displayName":"pt","nativeName":{"value":"Português"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"PORTUGUESE"}},{"name":"ru","displayName":"ru","nativeName":{"value":"РУССÐÐÐ"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"RUSSIAN"}},{"name":"sw","displayName":"sw","nativeName":{"value":"Kiswahil
127i"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SWAHILI"}},{"name":"uk","displayName":"uk","nativeName":{"value":"УÐÐ ÐÐÐСЬÐÐÐ"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"UKRAINIAN"}},{"name":"ko","displayName":"ko","nativeName":{"value":"íêµì´"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"KOREAN"}},{"name":"zh","displayName":"zh","nativeName":{"value":"䏿"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"CHINESE"}},{"name":"ja","displayName":"ja","nativeName":{"value":"æ¥æ¬èª"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"JAPANESE"}},{"name":"fr","displayName":"fr","nativeName":{"value":"FRANÃAIS"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"FRENCH"}}]}}}}}},"185d4191-88a8-4e17-b350-9548320248b9":{"languageSwitcherData":{"uid":"09bfd4e9-10f8-4469-b775-337c01d22a87","componentName":"LanguageSwitcher","dataSource":"{CDFE8057-3149-4866-901E-A8728266673B}","fields":{"data":{"item":{"displayName":"LanguageSwitcherSettings","DisableLanguageDropDown":null,"ShowOtherLanguagesInDropdown":{"value":"1"},"Logo":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"open-lang-selector","src":"//manual/sticky-icons/open-lang-selector.png","title":""},"LanguagesForDropdown":{"targetItems":[{"displayName":"en-US","name":"en-US"},{"displayName":"es-US","name":"es-US"}]}},"datasource":{"children":{"results":[{"name":"en","displayName":"en","nativeName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}},{"name":"vi","displayName":"vi","nativeName":{"value":"Tiếng Viá»t"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"Vietnamese"}},{"name":"ar","displayName":"ar","nativeName":{"value":"Ø§ÙØ¹Ø±Ø¨ÙØ©"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ARABIC"}},{"name":"de","displayName":"de","nativeName":{"value":"Deutsch"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"GERMAN"}},{"name":"en-US","displayName":"en-US","nativeName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}},{"name":"es","displayName":"es","nativeName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}},{"name":"es-US","displayName":"es-US","nativeName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}},{"name":"hi","displayName":"hi","nativeName":{"value":"हिनà¥à¤¦à¥"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"HINDI"}},{"name":"id","displayName":"id","nativeName":{"value":"Indonesia"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"Indonesian"}},{"name":"it","displayName":"it","nativeName":{"value":"Italiano"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ITALIAN"}},{"name":"pt","displayName":"pt","nativeName":{"value":"Português"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"PORTUGUESE"}},{"name":"ru","displayName":"ru","nativeName":{"value":"РУССÐÐÐ"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"RUSSIAN"}},{"name":"sw","displayName":"sw","nativeName":{"value":"Kiswahili"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SWAHILI"}},{"name":"uk","displayName":"uk","nativeName":{"value":"УÐÐ ÐÐÐСЬÐÐÐ"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"UKRAINIAN"}},{"name":"ko","displayName":"ko","nativeName":{"value":"íêµì´"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"KOREAN"}},{"name":"zh","displayName":"zh","nativeName":{"value":"䏿"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"CHINESE"}},{"name":"ja","displayName":"ja","nativeName":{"value":"æ¥æ¬èª"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"JAPANESE"}},{"name":"fr","displayName":"fr","nativeName":{"value":"FRANÃAIS"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"FRENCH"}}]}}}}}},"09bfd4e9-10f8-4469-b775-337c01d22a87":{"langswitcher":{"uid":"09bfd4e9-10f8-4469-b775-337c01d22a87","componentName":"LanguageSwitcher","dataSource":"{CDFE8057-3149-4866-901E-A8728266673B}","fields":{"data":{"item":{"displayName":"LanguageSwitcherSettings","DisableLanguageDropDown":null,"ShowOtherLanguagesInDropdown":{"value":"1"},"Logo":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"open-lang-selector","src":"//manual/sticky-icons/open-lang-selector.png","title":""},"LanguagesForDropdown":{"targetItems":[{"displayName":"en-US","name":"en-US"},{"displayName":"es-US","name":"es-US"}]}},"datasource":{"children":{"results":[{"name":"en","displayName":"en","nativeName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}},{"name":"vi","displayName":"vi","nativeName":{"value":"Tiếng Viá»t"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"Vietnamese"}},{"name":"ar","displayName":"ar","nativeName":{"value":"Ø§ÙØ¹Ø±Ø¨ÙØ©"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ARABIC"}},{"name":"de","displayName":"de","nativeName":{"value":"Deutsch"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"GERMAN"}},{"name":"en-US","displayName":"en-US","nativeName":{"value":"ENGLISH"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ENGLISH"}},{"name":"es","displayName":"es","nativeName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}},{"name":"es-US","displayName":"es-US","nativeName":{"value":"ESPAÃOL"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SPANISH"}},{"name":"hi","displayName":"hi","nativeName":{"value":"हिनà¥à¤¦à¥"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"HINDI"}},{"name":"id","displayName":"id","nativeName":{"value":"Indonesia"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"Indonesian"}},{"name":"it","displayName":"it","nativeName":{"value":"Italiano"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"ITALIAN"}},{"name":"pt","displayName":"pt","nativeName":{"value":"Português"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"PORTUGUESE"}},{"name":"ru","displayName":"ru","nativeName":{"value":"РУССÐÐÐ"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"RUSSIAN"}},{"name":"sw","displayName":"sw","nativeName":{"value":"Kiswahil
127i"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"SWAHILI"}},{"name":"uk","displayName":"uk","nativeName":{"value":"УÐÐ ÐÐÐСЬÐÐÐ"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"UKRAINIAN"}},{"name":"ko","displayName":"ko","nativeName":{"value":"íêµì´"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"KOREAN"}},{"name":"zh","displayName":"zh","nativeName":{"value":"䏿"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"CHINESE"}},{"name":"ja","displayName":"ja","nativeName":{"value":"æ¥æ¬èª"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"JAPANESE"}},{"name":"fr","displayName":"fr","nativeName":{"value":"FRANÃAIS"},"CurrentLanguageName":{"value":"FRENCH"}}]}}}}}},"903ce423-d427-4892-9c49-34edfe5af927":{"redirectUrl":"/home","standalonepage":"","enabledData":[{"ContentType":{"value":"Photo"}},{"ContentType":{"value":"Figure"}}],"addtoanyData":{"AdditionalSocialChannelsPrioritizeServices":{"targetItems":[{"id":"F1245E3E3A4546ADB0864CC0F7BB695F","name":"Facebook","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"facebook"},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"facebook","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/facebook.svg","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":"https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=\u003csurl\u003e\u0026quote="}},{"id":"EE73C36881DD4F5FB27E0E914513AD4A","name":"WhatsApp","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"whatsapp"},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"whatsapp","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/whatsup.svg","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":"https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=\u003cstitle\u003e%20\u003csurl\u003e"}},{"id":"32CA84FBB8F94B85BD7E3565AB117C9D","name":"x","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"x"},"icon":{"height":24,"width":24,"alt":"x","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/x.png","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":"https://x.com/intent/tweet?text=\u003cstitle\u003e%20\u003csurl\u003e"}},{"id":"FFFC0D7C2C3D42AEB81D9DEAA33AFDF0","name":"Telegram","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"telegram"},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"telegram","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/telegram.svg","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":"https://telegram.me/share/url?url=\u003csurl\u003e\u0026text=\u003cstitle\u003e"}},{"id":"399B52539D1F4C12BEDB012FEFF78E9F","name":"snapchat","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"snapchat"},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":"snapchat","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/snapchat.svg","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":"https://www.snapchat.com/scan?attachmentUrl=\u003csurl\u003e"}},{"id":"4BEA756558B64FEB89B70FE00371A2DA","name":"messenger","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"messenger"},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"messanger","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/messenger.svg","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":"https://m.me/||https://m.facebook.com/messages/compose"}},{"id":"E7C5D1F7924742B98D194C0FBA1AD960","name":"Pinterest","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"pinterest"},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"pintrest","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/pinterest.svg","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":""}}]},"AdditionalIcons":{"targetItems":[{"name":"Copy Link","id":"E03E7CF712504C93869B654EC76394B8","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"Copy Link"},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"copylink","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/copylink.svg","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":""}},{"name":"PPT CV","id":"1E4224AF4D254CE28CFBDF9E9EED24F4","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"PPT"},"icon":{"height":26,"width":26,"alt":"ppt","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/ppt-cv.png","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":""}},{"name":"PPT MVM","id":"2C6FEAC18A894C8DB099DDF0738AB55B","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"PPT"},"icon":{"height":26,"width":26,"alt":"ppt","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/ppt-mvm.png","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":""}},{"name":"PPT PV","id":"7D620286B0D34E9681EE4146F3D45767","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"PPT"},"icon":{"height":26,"width":26,"alt":"ppt","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/ppt-pv.png","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":""}},{"name":"QR","id":"D035E3368218442A875D8A997BCDB708","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"QR"},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"qr","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/qr.png","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":""}},{"name":"citation","id":"298E1AC9175C4898940C5A691D722733","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"Citation"},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"citation","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/citation.png","t
127itle":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":""}},{"name":"Reddit","id":"6CD301F8F0A545DE8F3C28858251D3F8","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"reddit"},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":"Reddit","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/reddit.svg","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":"https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=\u003csurl\u003e\u0026title=\u003cstitle\u003e"}},{"name":"Quora","id":"B5F7DF8687744019973B63EB19941425","PrioritizeServiceName":{"value":"Quora"},"icon":{"height":50,"width":50,"alt":"quora","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/quora.png","title":""},"ShareUrl":{"value":"https://quora.com/"}}]}},"searchResultAI":null,"clientData":[{"name":"Chewy","CSS":{"value":""},"IsQrCode":{"boolValue":true},"IsLogo":{"boolValue":true},"IsCopyRight":{"boolValue":true},"ConsumerLogoUrl":{"url":""},"ProfessionalLogoUrl":{"url":""},"VeterinaryLogoUrl":{"url":"/en-us/veterinary-topics"}},{"name":"Chewy1","CSS":{"value":"'*' { font-family: Roboto; } .heading1 { font-size: 20px !important; } '.heading2, .heading2 span' { font-size: 18px !important; } '.heading3,.heading3 span,.client .heading3 span, .heading3 a' { font-size: 16px !important; } '.clientFontColor' { color: #1c49c2 !important; } '.clientbackgroundColor' { background-color: #1c49c2 !important; } '.clientborderColor' { border-color: #1c49c2 !important; } '.clientBtnColor' { background-color:blue !important; } .link :hover { color:#1c49c2; } /*Letter spine related css */ .letterspine-hover-bg-color:hover { background-color:#1c49c2 !important; } /*vet page search tab and mobile view*/ li.nav-item button.nav-link.active { color :#1c49c2 !important; } /*topic image a tag color*/ div.clientAtagColor a { color : #1c49c2; } /*Promotional box css*/ #tab \u0026gt; li \u0026gt; button[aria-selected=true] { border-bottom : 4px solid #1c49c2; } /*svg color css*/ '.clientSvgColor' { path { stroke :#1c49c2 !important;} circle { fill :#1c49c2 !important; stroke :#1c49c2 !important;}}'.clientSvgColor' { circle {stroke :#1c49c2 !important;}}'.clientSvgColor' { circle + path {stroke :#fff !important;}} /*svg info icon color css*/ .clientSvgInfoIconColor { circle { stroke : #1c49c2 !important;} path { stroke : #1c49c2 !important; } }.clientSvgInfoIconColor g { text { stroke : #1c49c2 !important;} path { fill : #1c49c2 !important; } }"},"IsQrCode":{"boolValue":true},"IsLogo":{"boolValue":true},"IsCopyRight":{"boolValue":true},"ConsumerLogoUrl":{"url":""},"ProfessionalLogoUrl":{"url":""},"VeterinaryLogoUrl":{"url":""}},{"name":"Mobile","CSS":{"value":""},"IsQrCode":{"boolValue":false},"IsLogo":{"boolValue":false},"IsCopyRight":{"boolValue":true},"ConsumerLogoUrl":{"url":""},"ProfessionalLogoUrl":{"url":""},"VeterinaryLogoUrl":{"url":""}},{"name":"TestChewy","CSS":{"value":"'*' {\nfont-family: Roboto;\n}\n.heading1 {\nfont-size: 20px !important;\n}\n'.heading2, .heading2 span' {\nfont-size: 18px !important;\n}\n'.heading3,.heading3 span,.client .heading3 span' {\nfont-size: 16px !important;\n}\n'.clientFontColor' {\ncolor: #002956 !important;\n}\n'.clientbackgroundColor' {\nbackground-color: #002956 !important;\n}\n'.clientborderColor' {\nborder-color: #002956 !important;\n}\n'.clientBtnColor' {\nbackground-color:#002956 !important;\n}\n.link :hover {\n\tcolor:#1C49C2;\n}\n/*Letter spine related css */\n.letterspine-hover-bg-color:hover\t{ \nbackground-color:#002956 !important; \n}\n/*vet page search tab and mobile view*/\nli.nav-item button.nav-link.active { \ncolor :#002956 !important;\n}\n/*topic image a tag color*/\ndiv.clientAtagColor a {\ncolor : #002956;\n}\n/*Promotional box css*/\n#tab \u0026gt; li \u0026gt; button[aria-selected=true] {\nborder-bottom : 4px solid #002956;\n}"},"IsQrCode":{"boolValue":true},"IsLogo":{"boolValue":true},"IsCopyRight":{"boolValue":false},"ConsumerLogoUrl":{"url":""},"ProfessionalLogoUrl":{"url":""},"VeterinaryLogoUrl":{"url":""}},{"name":"Vin","CSS":{"value":""},"IsQrCode":{"boolValue":false},"IsLogo":{"boolValue":false},"IsCopyRight":{"boolValue":true},"ConsumerLogoUrl":{"url":""},"ProfessionalLogoUrl":{"url":""},"VeterinaryLogoUrl":{"url":""}}],"stickyRightToolbarIcons":{"StickyIcons":{"targetItems":[{"name":"ShareIcon","displayName":"ShareIcon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Share Icon"},"Type":{"value":"Share"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"icon_share_black","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/icon_share_black.svg","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"FindInTopic","displayName":"FindInTopic","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"FindInTopic"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"Topic"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"TextToSpeech","displayName":"TextToSpeech","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"TextToSpeech"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"Topic"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"Language Selector","displayName":"Language Selector","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Language Selector"},"Type":{"value":"LanguageSwitcher"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"open-lang-selector","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/open-lang-selector.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"QRIcon","displayName":"QRIcon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"qr"},"Type":{"value":"Topic"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"qr","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/qr.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"Species","displayName":"Species","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Species"},"Type":{"value":"VetSpecies"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":70,"width":70,"alt":"vet-filter-na-inverted","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/vet-filter-na-inverted.png","t
127itle":""},"hovericon":{"height":70,"width":70,"alt":"vet-filter-na-applied-inverted","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/vet-filter-applied-inverted.png","title":""}},{"name":"Resource Icon","displayName":"Resource Icon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Resource Icon"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":{"url":{"path":"/resource"}}},"icon":{"height":70,"width":70,"alt":"go-to-resource","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/go-to-resource.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"Home Icon","displayName":"Home Icon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Home"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":{"url":{"path":"/"}}},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"Home","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/go-to-home.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"About","displayName":"About","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"About"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":{"url":{"path":"/resourcespages/about"}}},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"go-to-about","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/go-to-about.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"PrintIcon","displayName":"PrintIcon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Print"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}}]}},"stickyFooter":{"StickyIcons":{"targetItems":[{"name":"CaseStudyNavigation","displayName":"CaseStudyNavigation","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"CaseStudyNavigation"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"MMCaseStudy"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":70,"width":70,"alt":"CaseStudyNavigation","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/go-to-topic.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"FindInTopic","displayName":"FindInTopic","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"FindInTopic"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"Topic"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"TextToSpeech","displayName":"TextToSpeech","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"TextToSpeech"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"Topic"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"GoToTopicIcon","displayName":"GoToTopicIcon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Go To Topic Icon"},"Type":{"value":"Topic"},"PageType":{"value":"Topic"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"go-to-topic","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/go-to-topic.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"Species","displayName":"Species","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Species"},"Type":{"value":"VetSpecies"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":70,"width":70,"alt":"vet-filter-na-inverted","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/vet-filter-na-inverted.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":70,"width":70,"alt":"vet-filter-na-applied-inverted","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/vet-filter-applied-inverted.png","t
127itle":""}},{"name":"ShareIcon","displayName":"ShareIcon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Share Icon"},"Type":{"value":"Share"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"icon_share_black","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/icon_share_black.svg","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}}]},"MoreIcons":{"targetItems":[{"name":"Settings Icon","displayName":"Settings Icon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Settings"},"Type":{"value":"Settings"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"Home Icon","displayName":"Home Icon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Home"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Link":{"targetItem":{"url":{"path":"/"}}},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"Home","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/go-to-home.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"About","displayName":"About","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"About"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Link":{"targetItem":{"url":{"path":"/resourcespages/about"}}},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"go-to-about","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/go-to-about.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"Resource Icon","displayName":"Resource Icon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Resource Icon"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Link":{"targetItem":{"url":{"path":"/resource"}}},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"icon":{"height":70,"width":70,"alt":"go-to-resource","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/go-to-resource.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"PrintIcon","displayName":"PrintIcon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Print"},"Type":{"value":""},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"icon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"QRIcon","displayName":"QRIcon","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"qr"},"Type":{"value":"Topic"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"qr","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/icons/addtoany/qr.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}},{"name":"Language Selector","displayName":"Language Selector","url":{"path":""},"title":{"value":"Language Selector"},"Type":{"value":"LanguageSwitcher"},"PageType":{"value":"All"},"Link":{"targetItem":null},"Hide":{"boolValue":false},"icon":{"height":32,"width":32,"alt":"open-lang-selector","src":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/sticky-icons/open-lang-selector.png","title":""},"hovericon":{"height":null,"width":null,"alt":null,"src":null,"title":null}}]}}},"94d783e0-8321-401b-bdae-8d9f6abf8f70":{"items":[{"title":"Veterinary","url":"/"}],"schema":{"itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@type":"Thing","@id":"","name":"Veterinary"},"position":1},{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@type":"Thing","@id":"/veterinary-topics","name":"Veterinary Topics"},"position":2}]},"IsBreadcrumbSchema":{"value":""}},"1dbc1495-1c2a-4e5a-99de-322136587b2e":{"context":"","layoutData":{"htmltotextpageTitle":"Veterinary Topics","htmltotextpageName":"Veterinary Topics"},"firstUnrestrictedImageUrl":"https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/mmanual-ssq1ci05/media/manual/seo/promotional_share_msd.jpg","firstImageAlt":"Promotional Share Msd","robotsTagCheck":false,"domainUrl":"https://www.merckvetmanual.com"},"eb190e7b-5914-4f3d-91a8-3fa8542b6178":{"data":[{"uniqueid_t":"v3256756","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/behavior_sectiom.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{e82f2382
127-ddc9-47f3-b39e-b8733dbed2c2}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/behavior","titlecomputed_t":"Behavior"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256755","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/urinary_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{4c8923e3-0e62-4ee2-9cda-9b3ec5cc7f1b}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/urinary-system","titlecomputed_t":"Urinary System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v38407982","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/referenceguides_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{d9fec15d-c869-48fd-96c3-cd92c92c4dc9}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/special-subjects","titlecomputed_t":"Special Subjects"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256763","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/toxicology_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{bf228d60-52b4-4eab-9793-4a04a89b7cfb}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/toxicology","titlecomputed_t":"Toxicology"},{"uniqueid_t":"v92631340","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/sections_images/vet_inf.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=591\u0026w=591","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{686c96ce-bfc7-413b-b472-8e1fa943908f}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/therapeutics","titlecomputed_t":"Therapeutics"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3255205","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/digestive_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{6eb80ef7-c51c-4416-a46f-3ecce49ccca0}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/digestive-system","titlecomputed_t":"Digestive System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256760","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/managementnutrition_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{245ce9e0-21cd-4b0f-9b10-9e8f988b6ab6}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/management-and-nutrition","titlecomputed_t":"Management and Nutrition"},{"uniqueid_t":"v43415159","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/sections_images/eye_030215_sm.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=500\u0026w=500","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{a8ed1e6d-fb10-49a4-8dc5-093ce8aa11c6}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/eye-diseases-and-disorders","titlecomputed_t":"Eye Diseases and Disorders"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256753","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/reproductive_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{16cfaab7-c383-417a-bf35-0786d77da3f1}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/reproductive-system","titlecomputed_t":"Reproductive System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256758","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/critcare_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{f47ee442-473a-4cf7-9308-4715803d351b}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/emergency-medicine-and-critical-care","titlecomputed_t":"Emergency Medicine and Critical Care"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256749","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/integumentary_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{83b87410-6176-4707-a8fd-237535b06afc}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/integumentary-system","titlecomputed_t":"Integumentary System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256748","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/immune_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{93ace741-d1d4-42db-91c6-c2060cc129dd}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/immune-system","titlecomputed_t":"Immune System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256746","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/endocrine_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{30641c87-11d7-4074-99fd-91536d7876ad}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/endocrine-system","titlecomputed_t":"Endocrine System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256761","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/pharmacology_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{1ed1da78-dce6-4a62-b790-40b92d8d8d2d}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/pharmacology","titlecomputed_t":"Pharmacology"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256752","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/nervoussystem_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{fb463e86-ad4d-4a21-b5cb-510474e5fdd3}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/nervous-system","titlecomputed_t":"Nervous System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v94116873","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{d346e990-636c-4bd3-afc5-094be8564e6e}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/reference-values-and-conversion-tables","titlecomputed_t":"Reference Values and Conversion Tables"},{"uniqueid_t":"v93341688","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/sections_images/vet_the.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=483\u0026w=724","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{0d8ed372-fb4f-486a-b428-f9e1679dfbe2}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/infectious-diseases","titlecomputed_t":"Infectious Diseases"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256751","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/musculoskeletal_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{af47de8d-255f-4cfb-915c-4b8153b05172}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/musculoskeletal-system","titlecomputed_t":"Mu
127sculoskeletal System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v15805729","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/publichealth_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{ab67c552-dfa6-42b5-83c7-e7493c62e2bb}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/public-health","titlecomputed_t":"Public Health"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256750","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/metabolic_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{de9437ca-30a8-4cd1-afbe-fbcbe7dea46d}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/metabolic-disorders","titlecomputed_t":"Metabolic Disorders"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256747","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/generalizedconditions_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{6e22fcfc-b423-4062-9d73-e4d583f3d420}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/generalized-conditions","titlecomputed_t":"Generalized Conditions"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256757","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/clinicalpathology_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{9f3448b5-58fb-490c-9cdc-824e0beca4ce}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/clinical-pathology-and-procedures","titlecomputed_t":"Clinical Pathology and Procedures"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256762","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/poultry_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{a7751865-04b9-4b97-a41f-9b954036ed79}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/poultry","titlecomputed_t":"Poultry"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3248565","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/circulatorysystem_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{ddb15a26-d5e2-42b8-a2de-5f723497026e}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/circulatory-system","titlecomputed_t":"Circulatory System"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256759","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/exoticanimals_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{8ebecb0c-92b3-481e-9e77-dca3910a8bbc}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/exotic-and-laboratory-animals","titlecomputed_t":"Exotic and Laboratory Animals"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256745","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/eyeear_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{5bb4a9ad-a6be-4562-9f81-e7f02e6dcdb5}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/ear-disorders","titlecomputed_t":"Ear Disorders"},{"uniqueid_t":"v3256754","thumbnailurlcomputed_s":"/-/media/manual/veterinary/section-images/respiratory_section.jpg?thn=1\u0026la=en-us\u0026h=600\u0026w=600","_uniqueid":"sitecore://web/{49aa24d6-d66d-4c0f-9c97-28e9205b41e8}?lang=en-us\u0026ndx=prodv-1589","relativeurlcomputed_s":"/respiratory-system","titlecomputed_t":"Respiratory System"}]}}},"__N_SSG":true},"page":"/[site]/[section]","query":{"site":"veterinary","section":"veterinary-topics"},"buildId":"AgabiSIeQc_4066Gm9oEF","isFallback":false,"gsp":true,"locale":"en-us","locales":["en","en-us","es","es-us","pt"],"defaultLocale":"en","scriptLoader":[]}</script>
127</body></html>
Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.