https://www.smartwords.ai/js/phoneme-es.6b9fda36.js

1(self.webpackChunkmy_vocabulary=self.webpackChunkmy_vocabulary||[]).push([[840],{88815:function(a){a.exports=[{type:"level",level:"pronunciation","title-es":"Pronunciación",uid:"48fd954f-f3dd-4400-9001-eab804f28204"},{type:"unit",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",order:1,"title-en":"Vowels","content-en":"Vowels","title-de":"Vokale","content-de":"Vokale","title-es":"Vocales","content-es":"Vocales","title-fr":"Voyelles","content-fr":"Voyelles","title-nl":"Klinkers","content-nl":"Klinkers","title-tr":"Ünlüler","content-tr":"Ünlüler",uid:"aa4670bc-932a-4ad7-afed-daa0eb105897"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-vocales-overview",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"phoneme-presence":{en:[{ipa:"a",present:!1},{ipa:"e",present:!0},{ipa:"i",present:!1},{ipa:"o",present:!1},{ipa:"u",present:!1},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}],de:[{ipa:"a",present:!0},{ipa:"e",present:!1},{ipa:"i",present:!1},{ipa:"o",present:!1},{ipa:"u",present:!1},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}],es:[{ipa:"a",present:!0},{ipa:"e",present:!0},{ipa:"i",present:!0},{ipa:"o",present:!0},{ipa:"u",present:!0},{ipa:"je",present:!0},{ipa:"we",present:!0},{ipa:"ai",present:!0},{ipa:"ei",present:!0},{ipa:"oi",present:!0},{ipa:"au",present:!0}],fr:[{ipa:"a",present:!0},{ipa:"e",present:!0},{ipa:"i",present:!0},{ipa:"o",present:!0},{ipa:"u",present:!0},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}],nl:[{ipa:"a",present:!1},{ipa:"e",present:!1},{ipa:"i",present:!0},{ipa:"o",present:!1},{ipa:"u",present:!1},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}],tr:[{ipa:"a",present:!0},{ipa:"e",present:!0},{ipa:"i",present:!0},{ipa:"o",present:!0},{ipa:"u",present:!0},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}]}},"title-en":"Vowels Overview","content-en":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"a",present:!1},{ipa:"e",present:!0},{ipa:"i",present:!1},{ipa:"o",present:!1},{ipa:"u",present:!1},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}]},"title-de":"Vokale Übersicht","content-de":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"a",present:!0},{ipa:"e",present:!1},{ipa:"i",present:!1},{ipa:"o",present:!1},{ipa:"u",present:!1},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}]},"title-es":"Vocales Descripción general","content-es":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"a",present:!0},{ipa:"e",present:!0},{ipa:"i",present:!0},{ipa:"o",present:!0},{ipa:"u",present:!0},{ipa:"je",present:!0},{ipa:"we",present:!0},{ipa:"ai",present:!0},{ipa:"ei",present:!0},{ipa:"oi",present:!0},{ipa:"au",present:!0}]},"title-fr":"Voyelles Aperçu","content-fr":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"a",present:!0},{ipa:"e",present:!0},{ipa:"i",present:!0},{ipa:"o",present:!0},{ipa:"u",present:!0},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}]},"title-nl":"Klinkers Overzicht","content-nl":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"a",present:!1},{ipa:"e",present:!1},{ipa:"i",present:!0},{ipa:"o",present:!1},{ipa:"u",present:!1},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}]},"title-tr":"Ünlüler Genel Bakış","content-tr":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"a",present:!0},{ipa:"e",present:!0},{ipa:"i",present:!0},{ipa:"o",present:!0},{ipa:"u",present:!0},{ipa:"je",present:!1},{ipa:"we",present:!1},{ipa:"ai",present:!1},{ipa:"ei",present:!1},{ipa:"oi",present:!1},{ipa:"au",present:!1}]},uid:"1b877e2b-2e48-4ea7-8192-0b5d65add88e"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-vocales-simples-a",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"a",ipa:"/a/"}],tips:{en:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",fr:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",de:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",es:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin de

1slizamiento.",nl:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",tr:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan."},scripts:[{IPA:"/a/","native-letters-involved":"a","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["masa","mesa"],["papa","pipa"],["cama","coma"],["pasa","pesa"]],"words-mispronounced":["hablar","gracias","familia","zapato","banana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:["Mann","Hand","Katze","Tasse","Name"],es:["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],fr:["papa","table","sac","chat","salade"],nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:["anne","baba","masa","saat","zaten"]},"minimal-pairs":[{casa:"casa/caza"},{masa:"masa/mesa"},{cama:"cama/coma"},{papa:"papa/pipa"},{tasa:"tasa/taza"}],"anchor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"ancor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Open your mouth wide, keep the tongue low and centered, and say a short clear /a/ without gliding.",fr:"Ouvre bien la bouche, garde la langue basse et au centre, et prononce un /a/ bref et net, sans glissement.",de:"Öffne den Mund weit, halte die Zunge tief und eher mittig und sprich ein kurzes, klares /a/ ohne Gleitlaut.",es:"Abre bien la boca, baja la lengua y mantenla en el centro; pronuncia una /a/ breve y clara, sin deslizarla.",nl:"Open je mond goed, houd je tong laag en vrij centraal, en spreek een korte, heldere /a/ uit zonder glijklank.",tr:"Ağzını iyice aç, dili alçakta ve ortada tut, /a/ sesini kısa ve net söyle; sesi kaydırma."},"ipa-transcriptions":{casa:"/ˈkasa/",mano:"/ˈmano/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",pan:"/pan/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",papa:"/ˈpapa/",pipa:"/ˈpipa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",pesa:"/ˈpesa/",hablar:"/aˈβlaɾ/",gracias:"/ˈɡɾaθjas/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",banana:"/baˈnana/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!1,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Simple vowels - /a/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"a",ipa:"/a/"}],tips:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",scripts:[{IPA:"/a/","native-letters-involved":"a","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["masa","mesa"],["papa","pipa"],["cama","coma"],["pasa","pesa"]],"words-mispronounced":["hablar","gracias","familia","zapato","banana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{casa:"casa/caza"},{masa:"masa/mesa"},{cama:"cama/coma"},{papa:"papa/pipa"},{tasa:"tasa/taza"}],"anchor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"ancor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Open your mouth wide, keep the tongue low and centered, and say a short clear /a/ without gliding.","ipa-transcriptions":{casa:"/ˈkasa/",mano:"/ˈmano/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",pan:"/pan/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",papa:"/ˈpapa/",pipa:"/ˈpipa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",pesa:"/ˈpesa/",hablar:"/aˈβlaɾ/",gracias:"/ˈɡɾaθjas/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",banana:"/baˈnana/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Einfache Vokale - /a/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"a",ipa:"/a/"}],tips:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",scripts:[{IPA:"/a/","native-letters-involved":"a","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["masa","mesa"],["papa","pipa"],["cama","coma"],["pasa","pesa"]],"words-mispronounced":["hablar","gracias","familia","zapato","banana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Mann","Hand","Katze","Tasse","Name"],"minimal-pairs":[{casa:"casa/caza"},{masa:"masa/mesa"},{cama:"cama/coma"},{papa:"papa/pipa"},{tasa:"tasa/taza"}],"anchor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"ancor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Öffne den Mund weit, halte die Zunge tief und eher mittig und sprich ein kurzes, klares /a/ ohne Gleitlaut.","ipa-transcriptions":{casa:"/ˈkasa/",mano:"/ˈmano/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",pan:"/pan/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",papa:"/ˈpapa/",pipa:"/ˈpipa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",pesa:"/ˈpesa/",hablar:"/aˈβlaɾ/",gracias:"/ˈɡɾaθjas/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",banana:"/baˈnana/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Vocales simples - /a/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"a",ipa:"/a/"}],tips:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin deslizamiento.",scripts:[{IPA:"/a/","native-letters-involved":"a","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["masa","mesa"],["papa","pipa"],["cama","coma"],["pasa","pesa"]],"words-mispronounced":["hablar","gracias","familia","zapato","banana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],"minimal-pairs":[{casa:"casa/caza"},{masa:"masa/mesa"},{cama:"cama/coma"},{papa:"papa/pipa"},{tasa:"tasa/taza"}],"anchor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"ancor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Abre bien la boca, baja la lengua y mantenla en el centro; pronuncia una /a/ breve y clara, sin deslizarla.","ipa-transcriptions":{casa:"/ˈkasa/",mano:"/ˈmano/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",pan:"/pan/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",papa:"/ˈpapa/",pipa:"/ˈpipa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",pesa:"/ˈpesa/",hablar:"/aˈβlaɾ/",gracias:"/ˈɡɾaθjas/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",banana:"/baˈnana/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Voyelles simples - /a/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"a",ipa:"/a/"}],tips:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",scripts:[{IPA:"/a/","native-letters-involved":"a","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["masa","mesa"],["papa","pipa"],["cama","coma"],["pasa","pesa"]],"words-mispronounced":["hablar","gracias","familia","zapato","banana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["papa","table","sac","chat","salade"],"minimal-pairs":[{casa:"casa/caza"},{masa:"masa/mesa"},{cama:"cama/coma"},{papa:"papa/pipa"},{tasa:"tasa/taza"}],"anchor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"ancor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Ouvre bien la bouche, garde la langue basse et au centre, et prononce un /a/ bref et net, sans glissement.","ipa-transcriptions":{casa:"/ˈkasa/",mano:"/ˈmano/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",pan:"/pan/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",papa:"/ˈpapa/",pipa:"/ˈpipa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",pesa:"/ˈpesa/",hablar:"/aˈβlaɾ/",gracias:"/ˈɡɾaθjas/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",banana:"/baˈnana/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Eenvoudige klinkers - /a/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"a",ipa:"/a/"}],tips:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",scripts:[{IPA:"/a/","native-letters-involved":"a","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["masa","mesa"],["papa","pipa"],["cama","coma"],["pasa","pesa"]],"words-mispronounced":["hablar","gracias","familia","zapato","banana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{casa:"casa/caza"},{masa:"masa/mesa"},{cama:"cama/coma"},{papa:"papa/pipa"},{tasa:"tasa/taza"}],"anchor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"ancor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Open je mond goed, houd je tong laag en vrij centraal, en spreek een korte, heldere /a/ uit zonder glijklank.","ipa-transcriptions":{casa:"/ˈkasa/",mano:"/ˈmano/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",pan:"/pan/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",papa:"/ˈpapa/",pipa:"/ˈpipa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",pesa:"/ˈpesa/",hablar:"/aˈβlaɾ/",gracias:"/ˈɡɾaθjas/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",banana:"/baˈnana/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Basit ünlüler - /a/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"a",ipa:"/a/"}],tips:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan.",scripts:[{IPA:"/a/","native-letters-involved":"a","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["casa","mano","gato","pan","tarde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["masa","mesa"],["papa","pipa"],["cama","coma"],["pasa","pesa"]],"words-mispronounced":["hablar","gracias","familia","zapato","banana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["anne","baba","masa","saat","zaten"],"minimal-pairs":[{casa:"casa/caza"},{masa:"masa/mesa"},{cama:"cama/coma"},{papa:"papa/pipa"},{tasa:"tasa/taza"}],"anchor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"ancor-words":["casa","agua","amigo","mano","pan"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Ağzını iyice aç, dili alçakta ve ortada tut, /a/ sesini kısa ve net söyle; sesi kaydırma.","ipa-transcriptions":{casa:"/ˈkasa/",mano:"/ˈmano/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",pan:"/pan/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",papa:"/ˈpapa/",pipa:"/ˈpipa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",pesa:"/ˈpesa/",hablar:"/aˈβlaɾ/",gracias:"/ˈɡɾaθjas/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",banana:"/baˈnana/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"e766520f-f0e9-4c14-9d26-fdad6822f0a5"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-vocales-simples-e",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"e",ipa:"/e/"}],tips:{en:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",fr:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",de:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",es:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin deslizamiento.",nl:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",tr:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan."},scripts:[{IPA:"/e/","native-letters-involved":"e","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mesa","peso","leche","tener","verde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peso","paso"],["mesa","misa"],["pena","peina"],["beso","vaso"],["leche","noche"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","tener","verde","leche","pequeño"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["bed","pen","ten","red","met"],de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["mesa","peso","tener","leche","verde"],fr:["été","bébé","aller","nez","parler"],nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:["elma","ev","ben","sene","ver"]},"minimal-pairs":[{peso:"peso/paso"},{mesa:"mesa/misa"},{pena:"pena/pina"},{ten:"ten/tan"},{ve:"ve/va"}],"anchor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"ancor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Keep your tongue in the middle-front of the mouth and spread your lips slightly. Make a short, clear vowel /e/.",fr:"Place la langue au milieu vers l’avant de la bouche et écarte légèrement les lèvres. Produis une voyelle brève et nette /e/.",de:"Die Zunge liegt vorn in der Mitte des Mundes, die Lippen sind leicht gespreizt. Sprich einen kurzen, klaren Laut /e/.",es:"Coloca la lengua en la parte media-delantera de la boca y separa un poco los labios. Produce una vocal breve y clara /e/.",nl:"Houd je tong voorin het midden van de mond en spreid je lippen een beetje. Maak een korte, heldere klinker /e/.",tr:"Dili ağzın ön-orta kısmında tut ve dudaklarını hafifçe yay. Kısa ve net bir /e/ sesi çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{mesa:"/ˈmesa/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",verde:"/ˈbeɾde/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",misa:"/ˈmisa/",pena:"/ˈpena/",peina:"/ˈpejna/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",vaso:"/ˈbaso/",noche:"/ˈnotʃe/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/","pequeño":"/peˈkeɲo/",pina:"/ˈpina/",ten:"/ten/",tan:"/tan/",ve:"/be/",va:"/ba/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!1,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Simple vowels - /e/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"e",ipa:"/e/"}],tips:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",scripts:[{IPA:"/e/","native-letters-involved":"e","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mesa","peso","leche","tener","verde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peso","paso"],["mesa","misa"],["pena","peina"],["beso","vaso"],["leche","noche"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","tener","verde","leche","pequeño"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["bed","pen","ten","red","met"],"minimal-pairs":[{peso:"peso/paso"},{mesa:"mesa/misa"},{pena:"pena/pina"},{ten:"ten/tan"},{ve:"ve/va"}],"anchor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"ancor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Keep your tongue in the middle-front of the mouth and spread your lips slightly. Make a short, clear vowel /e/.","ipa-transcriptions":{mesa:"/ˈmesa/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",verde:"/ˈbeɾde/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",misa:"/ˈmisa/",pena:"/ˈpena/",peina:"/ˈpejna/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",vaso:"/ˈbaso/",noche:"/ˈnotʃe/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/","pequeño":"/peˈkeɲo/",pina:"/ˈpina/",ten:"/ten/",tan:"/tan/",ve:"/be/",va:"/ba/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Einfache Vokale - /e/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"e",ipa:"/e/"}],tips:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",scripts:[{IPA:"/e/","native-letters-involved":"e","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mesa","peso","leche","tener","verde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peso","paso"],["mesa","misa"],["pena","peina"],["beso","vaso"],["leche","noche"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","tener","verde","leche","pequeño"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{peso:"peso/paso"},{mesa:"mesa/misa"},{pena:"pena/pina"},{ten:"ten/tan"},{ve:"ve/va"}],"anchor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"ancor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Die Zunge liegt vorn in der Mitte des Mundes, die Lippen sind leicht gespreizt. Sprich einen kurzen, klaren Laut /e/.","ipa-transcriptions":{mesa:"/ˈmesa/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",verde:"/ˈbeɾde/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",misa:"/ˈmisa/",pena:"/ˈpena/",peina:"/ˈpejna/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",vaso:"/ˈbaso/",noche:"/ˈnotʃe/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/","pequeño":"/peˈkeɲo/",pina:"/ˈpina/",ten:"/ten/",tan:"/tan/",ve:"/be/",va:"/ba/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Vocales simples - /e/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"e",ipa:"/e/"}

1],tips:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin deslizamiento.",scripts:[{IPA:"/e/","native-letters-involved":"e","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mesa","peso","leche","tener","verde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peso","paso"],["mesa","misa"],["pena","peina"],["beso","vaso"],["leche","noche"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","tener","verde","leche","pequeño"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["mesa","peso","tener","leche","verde"],"minimal-pairs":[{peso:"peso/paso"},{mesa:"mesa/misa"},{pena:"pena/pina"},{ten:"ten/tan"},{ve:"ve/va"}],"anchor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"ancor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Coloca la lengua en la parte media-delantera de la boca y separa un poco los labios. Produce una vocal breve y clara /e/.","ipa-transcriptions":{mesa:"/ˈmesa/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",verde:"/ˈbeɾde/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",misa:"/ˈmisa/",pena:"/ˈpena/",peina:"/ˈpejna/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",vaso:"/ˈbaso/",noche:"/ˈnotʃe/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/","pequeño":"/peˈkeɲo/",pina:"/ˈpina/",ten:"/ten/",tan:"/tan/",ve:"/be/",va:"/ba/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Voyelles simples - /e/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"e",ipa:"/e/"}],tips:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",scripts:[{IPA:"/e/","native-letters-involved":"e","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mesa","peso","leche","tener","verde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peso","paso"],["mesa","misa"],["pena","peina"],["beso","vaso"],["leche","noche"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","tener","verde","leche","pequeño"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["été","bébé","aller","nez","parler"],"minimal-pairs":[{peso:"peso/paso"},{mesa:"mesa/misa"},{pena:"pena/pina"},{ten:"ten/tan"},{ve:"ve/va"}],"anchor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"ancor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Place la langue au milieu vers l’avant de la bouche et écarte légèrement les lèvres. Produis une voyelle brève et nette /e/.","ipa-transcriptions":{mesa:"/ˈmesa/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",verde:"/ˈbeɾde/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",misa:"/ˈmisa/",pena:"/ˈpena/",peina:"/ˈpejna/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",vaso:"/ˈbaso/",noche:"/ˈnotʃe/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/","pequeño":"/peˈkeɲo/",pina:"/ˈpina/",ten:"/ten/",tan:"/tan/",ve:"/be/",va:"/ba/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Eenvoudige klinkers - /e/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"e",ipa:"/e/"}],tips:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",scripts:[{IPA:"/e/","native-letters-involved":"e","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mesa","peso","leche","tener","verde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peso","paso"],["mesa","misa"],["pena","peina"],["beso","vaso"],["leche","noche"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","tener","verde","leche","pequeño"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{peso:"peso/paso"},{mesa:"mesa/misa"},{pena:"pena/pina"},{ten:"ten/tan"},{ve:"ve/va"}],"anchor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"ancor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Houd je tong voorin het midden van de mond en spreid je lippen een beetje. Maak een korte, heldere klinker /e/.","ipa-transcriptions":{mesa:"/ˈmesa/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",verde:"/ˈbeɾde/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",misa:"/ˈmisa/",pena:"/ˈpena/",peina:"/ˈpejna/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",vaso:"/ˈbaso/",noche:"/ˈnotʃe/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/","pequeño":"/peˈkeɲo/",pina:"/ˈpina/",ten:"/ten/",tan:"/tan/",ve:"/be/",va:"/ba/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Basit ünlüler - /e/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"e",ipa:"/e/"}],tips:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan.",scripts:[{IPA:"/e/","native-letters-involved":"e","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mesa","peso","leche","tener","verde"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peso","paso"],["mesa","misa"],["pena","peina"],["beso","vaso"],["leche","noche"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","tener","verde","leche","pequeño"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["elma","ev","ben","sene","ver"],"minimal-pairs":[{peso:"peso/paso"},{mesa:"mesa/misa"},{pena:"pena/pina"},{ten:"ten/tan"},{ve:"ve/va"}],"anchor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"ancor-words":["mesa","peso","tener","verde","leche"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dili ağzın ön-orta kısmında tut ve dudaklarını hafifçe yay. Kısa ve net bir /e/ sesi çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{mesa:"/ˈmesa/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",verde:"/ˈbeɾde/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",misa:"/ˈmisa/",pena:"/ˈpena/",peina:"/ˈpejna/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",vaso:"/ˈbaso/",noche:"/ˈnotʃe/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/","pequeño":"/peˈkeɲo/",pina:"/ˈpina/",ten:"/ten/",tan:"/tan/",ve:"/be/",va:"/ba/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"8d8ad09a-3e43-464a-a5af-ad9049318137"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-vocales-simples-i",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i",ipa:"/i/"}],tips:{en:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",fr:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",de:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",es:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin de

1slizamiento.",nl:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",tr:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan."},scripts:[{IPA:"/i/","native-letters-involved":"i","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["piso","peso"],["vino","vivo"],["mira","mera"],["tipo","topo"],["pila","pela"]],"words-mispronounced":["difícil","vivir","invitar","película","familia"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],fr:["si","vite","midi","livre","six"],nl:["idee","pizza","mini","politie","familie"],tr:["bir","iyi","iki","dil","gibi"]},"minimal-pairs":[{piso:"piso/peso"},{vino:"vino/vano"},{mira:"mira/mera"},{tipo:"tipo/topo"},{pila:"pila/pela"}],"anchor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"ancor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Keep your tongue high and forward, lips relaxed, and say a short clear i sound.",fr:"Placez la langue haut et en avant, les lèvres détendues, et dites un i clair et bref.",de:"Die Zunge ist hoch und vorn, die Lippen bleiben locker; sprich ein klares kurzes i.",es:"Pon la lengua alta y adelantada, con los labios relajados, y di una i clara y breve.",nl:"Houd je tong hoog en voorin, met ontspannen lippen, en zeg een korte heldere i.",tr:"Dili önde ve yukarıda tut, dudakları gevşek bırak ve kısa, net bir i sesi çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{vino:"/ˈbino/",piso:"/ˈpiso/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",tipo:"/ˈtipo/",limpio:"/ˈlimpjo/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",mera:"/ˈmeɾa/",topo:"/ˈtopo/",pila:"/ˈpila/",pela:"/ˈpela/","difícil":"/diˈfisil/",vivir:"/biˈβiɾ/",invitar:"/imbiˈtaɾ/","película":"/peˈlikula/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",vano:"/ˈbano/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Simple vowels - /i/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i",ipa:"/i/"}],tips:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",scripts:[{IPA:"/i/","native-letters-involved":"i","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["piso","peso"],["vino","vivo"],["mira","mera"],["tipo","topo"],["pila","pela"]],"words-mispronounced":["difícil","vivir","invitar","película","familia"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{piso:"piso/peso"},{vino:"vino/vano"},{mira:"mira/mera"},{tipo:"tipo/topo"},{pila:"pila/pela"}],"anchor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"ancor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Keep your tongue high and forward, lips relaxed, and say a short clear i sound.","ipa-transcriptions":{vino:"/ˈbino/",piso:"/ˈpiso/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",tipo:"/ˈtipo/",limpio:"/ˈlimpjo/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",mera:"/ˈmeɾa/",topo:"/ˈtopo/",pila:"/ˈpila/",pela:"/ˈpela/","difícil":"/diˈfisil/",vivir:"/biˈβiɾ/",invitar:"/imbiˈtaɾ/","película":"/peˈlikula/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",vano:"/ˈbano/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Einfache Vokale - /i/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i",ipa:"/i/"}],tips:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",scripts:[{IPA:"/i/","native-letters-involved":"i","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["piso","peso"],["vino","vivo"],["mira","mera"],["tipo","topo"],["pila","pela"]],"words-mispronounced":["difícil","vivir","invitar","película","familia"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{piso:"piso/peso"},{vino:"vino/vano"},{mira:"mira/mera"},{tipo:"tipo/topo"},{pila:"pila/pela"}],"anchor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"ancor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Die Zunge ist hoch und vorn, die Lippen bleiben locker; sprich ein klares kurzes i.","ipa-transcriptions":{vino:"/ˈbino/",piso:"/ˈpiso/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",tipo:"/ˈtipo/",limpio:"/ˈlimpjo/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",mera:"/ˈmeɾa/",topo:"/ˈtopo/",pila:"/ˈpila/",pela:"/ˈpela/","difícil":"/diˈfisil/",vivir:"/biˈβiɾ/",invitar:"/imbiˈtaɾ/","película":"/peˈlikula/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",vano:"/ˈbano/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Vocales simples - /i/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i",ipa:"/i/"}],tips:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin deslizamiento.",scripts:[{IPA:"/i/","native-letters-involved":"i","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["piso","peso"],["vino","vivo"],["mira","mera"],["tipo","topo"],["pila","pela"]],"words-mispronounced":["difícil","vivir","invitar","película","familia"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],"minimal-pairs":[{piso:"piso/peso"},{vino:"vino/vano"},{mira:"mira/mera"},{tipo:"tipo/topo"},{pila:"pila/pela"}],"anchor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"ancor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la lengua alta y adelantada, con los labios relajados, y di una i clara y breve.","ipa-transcriptions":{vino:"/ˈbino/",piso:"/ˈpiso/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",tipo:"/ˈtipo/",limpio:"/ˈlimpjo/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",mera:"/ˈmeɾa/",topo:"/ˈtopo/",pila:"/ˈpila/",pela:"/ˈpela/","difícil":"/diˈfisil/",vivir:"/biˈβiɾ/",invitar:"/imbiˈtaɾ/","película":"/peˈlikula/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",vano:"/ˈbano/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Voyelles simples - /i/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i",ipa:"/i/"}],tips:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",scripts:[{IPA:"/i/","native-letters-involved":"i","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["piso","peso"],["vino","vivo"],["mira","mera"],["tipo","topo"],["pila","pela"]],"words-mispronounced":["difícil","vivir","invitar","película","familia"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["si","vite","midi","livre","six"],"minimal-pairs":[{piso:"piso/peso"},{vino:"vino/vano"},{mira:"mira/mera"},{tipo:"tipo/topo"},{pila:"pila/pela"}],"anchor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"ancor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Placez la langue haut et en avant, les lèvres détendues, et dites un i clair et bref.","ipa-transcriptions":{vino:"/ˈbino/",piso:"/ˈpiso/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",tipo:"/ˈtipo/",limpio:"/ˈlimpjo/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",mera:"/ˈmeɾa/",topo:"/ˈtopo/",pila:"/ˈpila/",pela:"/ˈpela/","difícil":"/diˈfisil/",vivir:"/biˈβiɾ/",invitar:"/imbiˈtaɾ/","película":"/peˈlikula/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",vano:"/ˈbano/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Eenvoudige klinkers - /i/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i",ipa:"/i/"}],tips:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",scripts:[{IPA:"/i/","native-letters-involved":"i","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["piso","peso"],["vino","vivo"],["mira","mera"],["tipo","topo"],["pila","pela"]],"words-mispronounced":["difícil","vivir","invitar","película","familia"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["idee","pizza","mini","politie","familie"],"minimal-pairs":[{piso:"piso/peso"},{vino:"vino/vano"},{mira:"mira/mera"},{tipo:"tipo/topo"},{pila:"pila/pela"}],"anchor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"ancor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Houd je tong hoog en voorin, met ontspannen lippen, en zeg een korte heldere i.","ipa-transcriptions":{vino:"/ˈbino/",piso:"/ˈpiso/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",tipo:"/ˈtipo/",limpio:"/ˈlimpjo/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",mera:"/ˈmeɾa/",topo:"/ˈtopo/",pila:"/ˈpila/",pela:"/ˈpela/","difícil":"/diˈfisil/",vivir:"/biˈβiɾ/",invitar:"/imbiˈtaɾ/","película":"/peˈlikula/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",vano:"/ˈbano/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Basit ünlüler - /i/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i",ipa:"/i/"}],tips:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan.",scripts:[{IPA:"/i/","native-letters-involved":"i","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","limpio"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["piso","peso"],["vino","vivo"],["mira","mera"],["tipo","topo"],["pila","pela"]],"words-mispronounced":["difícil","vivir","invitar","película","familia"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["bir","iyi","iki","dil","gibi"],"minimal-pairs":[{piso:"piso/peso"},{vino:"vino/vano"},{mira:"mira/mera"},{tipo:"tipo/topo"},{pila:"pila/pela"}],"anchor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"ancor-words":["vino","piso","mira","tipo","niño"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dili önde ve yukarıda tut, dudakları gevşek bırak ve kısa, net bir i sesi çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{vino:"/ˈbino/",piso:"/ˈpiso/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",tipo:"/ˈtipo/",limpio:"/ˈlimpjo/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",mera:"/ˈmeɾa/",topo:"/ˈtopo/",pila:"/ˈpila/",pela:"/ˈpela/","difícil":"/diˈfisil/",vivir:"/biˈβiɾ/",invitar:"/imbiˈtaɾ/","película":"/peˈlikula/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",vano:"/ˈbano/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"5d7b8141-d460-4fe5-afd7-01e74bc640a4"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-vocales-simples-o",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"o",ipa:"/o/"}],tips:{en:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",fr:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",de:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",es:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin deslizamiento.",nl:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",tr:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan."},scripts:[{IPA:"/o/","native-letters-involved":"o","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","poco","ropa","lobo","comer"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["copa","capa"],["poco","paco"],["loma","lama"],["roca","ruca"],["mono","mano"]],"words-mispronounced":["doctor","color","tomate","comer","octubre"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],fr:["mot","rose","eau","dos","beau"],nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:["okul","yol","doktor","kol","top"]},"minimal-pairs":[{copa:"copa/capa"},{poco:"poco/paco"},{loma:"loma/lima"},{roca:"roca/rica"},{mono:"mono/mena"}],"anchor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"ancor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Round your lips a little and say a clear mid back vowel, like a pure Spanish o with no glide.",fr:"Arrondissez légèrement les lèvres et prononcez une voyelle mi-fermée postérieure, un o pur sans glissement.",de:"Runde die Lippen leicht und sprich einen klaren hinteren mittleren Vokal, ein reines o ohne Gleitlaut.",es:"Redondea un poco los labios y pronuncia una vocal media posterior clara, una o pura sin deslizamiento.",nl:"Rond je lippen licht en spreek een zuivere midden-achterklinker uit, een pure o zonder glijklank.",tr:"Dudaklarını hafifçe yuvarla ve kaymasız, temiz bir orta art ünlü olan saf o sesini çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",ropa:"/ˈropa/",lobo:"/ˈloβo/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",paco:"/ˈpako/",loma:"/ˈloma/",lama:"/ˈlama/",roca:"/ˈroka/",ruca:"/ˈruka/",mono:"/ˈmono/",mano:"/ˈmano/",doctor:"/dokˈtoɾ/",color:"/koˈloɾ/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",octubre:"/okˈtuβɾe/",lima:"/ˈlima/",rica:"/ˈrika/",mena:"/ˈmena/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!1,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Simple vowels - /o/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"o",ipa:"/o/"}],tips:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",scripts:[{IPA:"/o/","native-letters-involved":"o","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","poco","ropa","lobo","comer"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["copa","capa"],["poco","paco"],["loma","lama"],["roca","ruca"],["mono","mano"]],"words-mispronounced":["doctor","color","tomate","comer","octubre"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{copa:"copa/capa"},{poco:"poco/paco"},{loma:"loma/lima"},{roca:"roca/rica"},{mono:"mono/mena"}],"anchor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"ancor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Round your lips a little and say a clear mid back vowel, like a pure Spanish o with no glide.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",ropa:"/ˈropa/",lobo:"/ˈloβo/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",paco:"/ˈpako/",loma:"/ˈloma/",lama:"/ˈlama/",roca:"/ˈroka/",ruca:"/ˈruka/",mono:"/ˈmono/",mano:"/ˈmano/",doctor:"/dokˈtoɾ/",color:"/koˈloɾ/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",octubre:"/okˈtuβɾe/",lima:"/ˈlima/",rica:"/ˈrika/",mena:"/ˈmena/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Einfache Vokale - /o/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"o",ipa:"/o/"}],tips:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",scripts:[{IPA:"/o/","native-letters-involved":"o","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","poco","ropa","lobo","comer"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["copa","capa"],["poco","paco"],["loma","lama"],["roca","ruca"],["mono","mano"]],"words-mispronounced":["doctor","color","tomate","comer","octubre"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{copa:"copa/capa"},{poco:"poco/paco"},{loma:"loma/lima"},{roca:"roca/rica"},{mono:"mono/mena"}],"anchor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"ancor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Runde die Lippen leicht und sprich einen klaren hinteren mittleren Vokal, ein reines o ohne Gleitlaut.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",ropa:"/ˈropa/",lobo:"/ˈloβo/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",paco:"/ˈpako/",loma:"/ˈloma/",lama:"/ˈlama/",roca:"/ˈroka/",ruca:"/ˈruka/",mono:"/ˈmono/",mano:"/ˈmano/",doctor:"/dokˈtoɾ/",color:"/koˈloɾ/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",octubre:"/okˈtuβɾe/",lima:"/ˈlima/",rica:"/ˈrika/",mena:"/ˈmena/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Vocales simples - /o/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"o",ipa:"/o/"}

1],tips:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin deslizamiento.",scripts:[{IPA:"/o/","native-letters-involved":"o","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","poco","ropa","lobo","comer"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["copa","capa"],["poco","paco"],["loma","lama"],["roca","ruca"],["mono","mano"]],"words-mispronounced":["doctor","color","tomate","comer","octubre"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"minimal-pairs":[{copa:"copa/capa"},{poco:"poco/paco"},{loma:"loma/lima"},{roca:"roca/rica"},{mono:"mono/mena"}],"anchor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"ancor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Redondea un poco los labios y pronuncia una vocal media posterior clara, una o pura sin deslizamiento.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",ropa:"/ˈropa/",lobo:"/ˈloβo/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",paco:"/ˈpako/",loma:"/ˈloma/",lama:"/ˈlama/",roca:"/ˈroka/",ruca:"/ˈruka/",mono:"/ˈmono/",mano:"/ˈmano/",doctor:"/dokˈtoɾ/",color:"/koˈloɾ/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",octubre:"/okˈtuβɾe/",lima:"/ˈlima/",rica:"/ˈrika/",mena:"/ˈmena/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Voyelles simples - /o/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"o",ipa:"/o/"}],tips:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",scripts:[{IPA:"/o/","native-letters-involved":"o","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","poco","ropa","lobo","comer"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["copa","capa"],["poco","paco"],["loma","lama"],["roca","ruca"],["mono","mano"]],"words-mispronounced":["doctor","color","tomate","comer","octubre"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["mot","rose","eau","dos","beau"],"minimal-pairs":[{copa:"copa/capa"},{poco:"poco/paco"},{loma:"loma/lima"},{roca:"roca/rica"},{mono:"mono/mena"}],"anchor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"ancor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Arrondissez légèrement les lèvres et prononcez une voyelle mi-fermée postérieure, un o pur sans glissement.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",ropa:"/ˈropa/",lobo:"/ˈloβo/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",paco:"/ˈpako/",loma:"/ˈloma/",lama:"/ˈlama/",roca:"/ˈroka/",ruca:"/ˈruka/",mono:"/ˈmono/",mano:"/ˈmano/",doctor:"/dokˈtoɾ/",color:"/koˈloɾ/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",octubre:"/okˈtuβɾe/",lima:"/ˈlima/",rica:"/ˈrika/",mena:"/ˈmena/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Eenvoudige klinkers - /o/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"o",ipa:"/o/"}],tips:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",scripts:[{IPA:"/o/","native-letters-involved":"o","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","poco","ropa","lobo","comer"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["copa","capa"],["poco","paco"],["loma","lama"],["roca","ruca"],["mono","mano"]],"words-mispronounced":["doctor","color","tomate","comer","octubre"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{copa:"copa/capa"},{poco:"poco/paco"},{loma:"loma/lima"},{roca:"roca/rica"},{mono:"mono/mena"}],"anchor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"ancor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Rond je lippen licht en spreek een zuivere midden-achterklinker uit, een pure o zonder glijklank.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",ropa:"/ˈropa/",lobo:"/ˈloβo/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",paco:"/ˈpako/",loma:"/ˈloma/",lama:"/ˈlama/",roca:"/ˈroka/",ruca:"/ˈruka/",mono:"/ˈmono/",mano:"/ˈmano/",doctor:"/dokˈtoɾ/",color:"/koˈloɾ/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",octubre:"/okˈtuβɾe/",lima:"/ˈlima/",rica:"/ˈrika/",mena:"/ˈmena/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Basit ünlüler - /o/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"o",ipa:"/o/"}],tips:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan.",scripts:[{IPA:"/o/","native-letters-involved":"o","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","poco","ropa","lobo","comer"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["copa","capa"],["poco","paco"],["loma","lama"],["roca","ruca"],["mono","mano"]],"words-mispronounced":["doctor","color","tomate","comer","octubre"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["okul","yol","doktor","kol","top"],"minimal-pairs":[{copa:"copa/capa"},{poco:"poco/paco"},{loma:"loma/lima"},{roca:"roca/rica"},{mono:"mono/mena"}],"anchor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"ancor-words":["sol","ropa","poco","lobo","comer"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dudaklarını hafifçe yuvarla ve kaymasız, temiz bir orta art ünlü olan saf o sesini çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",ropa:"/ˈropa/",lobo:"/ˈloβo/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",paco:"/ˈpako/",loma:"/ˈloma/",lama:"/ˈlama/",roca:"/ˈroka/",ruca:"/ˈruka/",mono:"/ˈmono/",mano:"/ˈmano/",doctor:"/dokˈtoɾ/",color:"/koˈloɾ/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",octubre:"/okˈtuβɾe/",lima:"/ˈlima/",rica:"/ˈrika/",mena:"/ˈmena/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"2aab0ace-81f6-4f73-8e24-4daa1561412a"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-vocales-simples-u",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u",ipa:"/u/"}],tips:{en:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",fr:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",de:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",es:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin de

1slizamiento.",nl:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",tr:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan."},scripts:[{IPA:"/u/","native-letters-involved":"u","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["tú","té"],["luna","lana"],["puro","pero"],["cuna","cana"],["mudo","modo"]],"words-mispronounced":["uno","mucho","nube","fruta","mundo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],fr:["tout","loup","roue","jour","douze"],nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:["su","uzun","bugün","mutlu","dur"]},"minimal-pairs":[{"tú":"tú/te"},{luna:"luna/lana"},{puro:"puro/pero"},{cuna:"cuna/cana"},{mudo:"mudo/modo"}],"anchor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"ancor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Round your lips and make a short, clear back vowel. Keep the tongue high and back.",fr:"Arrondissez les lèvres et faites une voyelle postérieure fermée, courte et nette.",de:"Runde die Lippen und bilde einen kurzen, klaren hinteren hohen Vokal.",es:"Redondea los labios y pronuncia una vocal cerrada posterior, corta y clara.",nl:"Rond je lippen en maak een korte, heldere hoge achterklinker.",tr:"Dudaklarını yuvarla ve kısa, net, art bir kapalı ünlü çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{uno:"/ˈuno/",luna:"/ˈluna/",nube:"/ˈnuβe/",fruta:"/ˈfɾuta/",mundo:"/ˈmundo/","tú":"/tu/","té":"/te/",te:"/te/",lana:"/ˈlana/",puro:"/ˈpuɾo/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",cuna:"/ˈkuna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",mudo:"/ˈmuðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",mucho:"/ˈmutʃo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!1,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Simple vowels - /u/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u",ipa:"/u/"}],tips:"Keep vowels short and pure, without gliding.",scripts:[{IPA:"/u/","native-letters-involved":"u","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["tú","té"],["luna","lana"],["puro","pero"],["cuna","cana"],["mudo","modo"]],"words-mispronounced":["uno","mucho","nube","fruta","mundo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{"tú":"tú/te"},{luna:"luna/lana"},{puro:"puro/pero"},{cuna:"cuna/cana"},{mudo:"mudo/modo"}],"anchor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"ancor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Round your lips and make a short, clear back vowel. Keep the tongue high and back.","ipa-transcriptions":{uno:"/ˈuno/",luna:"/ˈluna/",nube:"/ˈnuβe/",fruta:"/ˈfɾuta/",mundo:"/ˈmundo/","tú":"/tu/","té":"/te/",te:"/te/",lana:"/ˈlana/",puro:"/ˈpuɾo/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",cuna:"/ˈkuna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",mudo:"/ˈmuðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",mucho:"/ˈmutʃo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Einfache Vokale - /u/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u",ipa:"/u/"}],tips:"Sprechen Sie die Vokale kurz und rein, ohne Gleitlaut.",scripts:[{IPA:"/u/","native-letters-involved":"u","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["tú","té"],["luna","lana"],["puro","pero"],["cuna","cana"],["mudo","modo"]],"words-mispronounced":["uno","mucho","nube","fruta","mundo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{"tú":"tú/te"},{luna:"luna/lana"},{puro:"puro/pero"},{cuna:"cuna/cana"},{mudo:"mudo/modo"}],"anchor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"ancor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Runde die Lippen und bilde einen kurzen, klaren hinteren hohen Vokal.","ipa-transcriptions":{uno:"/ˈuno/",luna:"/ˈluna/",nube:"/ˈnuβe/",fruta:"/ˈfɾuta/",mundo:"/ˈmundo/","tú":"/tu/","té":"/te/",te:"/te/",lana:"/ˈlana/",puro:"/ˈpuɾo/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",cuna:"/ˈkuna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",mudo:"/ˈmuðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",mucho:"/ˈmutʃo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Vocales simples - /u/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u",ipa:"/u/"}

1],tips:"Mantén las vocales cortas y puras, sin deslizamiento.",scripts:[{IPA:"/u/","native-letters-involved":"u","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["tú","té"],["luna","lana"],["puro","pero"],["cuna","cana"],["mudo","modo"]],"words-mispronounced":["uno","mucho","nube","fruta","mundo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"minimal-pairs":[{"tú":"tú/te"},{luna:"luna/lana"},{puro:"puro/pero"},{cuna:"cuna/cana"},{mudo:"mudo/modo"}],"anchor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"ancor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Redondea los labios y pronuncia una vocal cerrada posterior, corta y clara.","ipa-transcriptions":{uno:"/ˈuno/",luna:"/ˈluna/",nube:"/ˈnuβe/",fruta:"/ˈfɾuta/",mundo:"/ˈmundo/","tú":"/tu/","té":"/te/",te:"/te/",lana:"/ˈlana/",puro:"/ˈpuɾo/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",cuna:"/ˈkuna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",mudo:"/ˈmuðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",mucho:"/ˈmutʃo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Voyelles simples - /u/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u",ipa:"/u/"}],tips:"Gardez les voyelles courtes et pures, sans glissement.",scripts:[{IPA:"/u/","native-letters-involved":"u","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["tú","té"],["luna","lana"],["puro","pero"],["cuna","cana"],["mudo","modo"]],"words-mispronounced":["uno","mucho","nube","fruta","mundo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["tout","loup","roue","jour","douze"],"minimal-pairs":[{"tú":"tú/te"},{luna:"luna/lana"},{puro:"puro/pero"},{cuna:"cuna/cana"},{mudo:"mudo/modo"}],"anchor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"ancor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Arrondissez les lèvres et faites une voyelle postérieure fermée, courte et nette.","ipa-transcriptions":{uno:"/ˈuno/",luna:"/ˈluna/",nube:"/ˈnuβe/",fruta:"/ˈfɾuta/",mundo:"/ˈmundo/","tú":"/tu/","té":"/te/",te:"/te/",lana:"/ˈlana/",puro:"/ˈpuɾo/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",cuna:"/ˈkuna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",mudo:"/ˈmuðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",mucho:"/ˈmutʃo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Eenvoudige klinkers - /u/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u",ipa:"/u/"}],tips:"Houd klinkers kort en zuiver, zonder glijdende klank.",scripts:[{IPA:"/u/","native-letters-involved":"u","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["tú","té"],["luna","lana"],["puro","pero"],["cuna","cana"],["mudo","modo"]],"words-mispronounced":["uno","mucho","nube","fruta","mundo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{"tú":"tú/te"},{luna:"luna/lana"},{puro:"puro/pero"},{cuna:"cuna/cana"},{mudo:"mudo/modo"}],"anchor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"ancor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Rond je lippen en maak een korte, heldere hoge achterklinker.","ipa-transcriptions":{uno:"/ˈuno/",luna:"/ˈluna/",nube:"/ˈnuβe/",fruta:"/ˈfɾuta/",mundo:"/ˈmundo/","tú":"/tu/","té":"/te/",te:"/te/",lana:"/ˈlana/",puro:"/ˈpuɾo/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",cuna:"/ˈkuna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",mudo:"/ˈmuðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",mucho:"/ˈmutʃo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Basit ünlüler - /u/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u",ipa:"/u/"}],tips:"Ünlüleri kısa ve saf tutun, kayma olmadan.",scripts:[{IPA:"/u/","native-letters-involved":"u","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["tú","té"],["luna","lana"],["puro","pero"],["cuna","cana"],["mudo","modo"]],"words-mispronounced":["uno","mucho","nube","fruta","mundo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["su","uzun","bugün","mutlu","dur"],"minimal-pairs":[{"tú":"tú/te"},{luna:"luna/lana"},{puro:"puro/pero"},{cuna:"cuna/cana"},{mudo:"mudo/modo"}],"anchor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"ancor-words":["uno","luna","nube","fruta","mundo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dudaklarını yuvarla ve kısa, net, art bir kapalı ünlü çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{uno:"/ˈuno/",luna:"/ˈluna/",nube:"/ˈnuβe/",fruta:"/ˈfɾuta/",mundo:"/ˈmundo/","tú":"/tu/","té":"/te/",te:"/te/",lana:"/ˈlana/",puro:"/ˈpuɾo/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",cuna:"/ˈkuna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",mudo:"/ˈmuðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",mucho:"/ˈmutʃo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"f3ff39ad-6203-420c-ad20-91ce2408cce9"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-diptongos-je",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ie (e.g. tierra, siete, bien)",ipa:"/je/"}],tips:{en:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",fr:"Glissez doucement de la première 

1à la deuxième voyelle.",de:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",es:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",nl:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",tr:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/je/","native-letters-involved":"ie","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["bien","ven"],["tierra","terra"],["pierna","perna"],["tiempo","templo"],["siete","sete"]],"words-mispronounced":["bien","siempre","tiempo","pierna","tierra"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],fr:"Ce son n'existe pas en français.",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede yoktur."},"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{pierna:"pierna/perna"},{tiempo:"tiempo/templo"},{siete:"siete/sete"}],"anchor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"ancor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Start with a quick y sound, then open to e, like in yes + eh, smoothly in one syllable.",fr:"Commencez par un petit son y, puis ouvrez vers é, en une seule syllabe.",de:"Beginnen Sie mit einem kurzen j-Laut und gleiten Sie dann zu e in einer Silbe.",es:"Empieza con un sonido parecido a y y deslízate enseguida hacia e, todo en una sola sílaba.",nl:"Begin met een korte j-klank en glijd meteen naar e in één lettergreep.",tr:"Kısa bir y sesiyle başlayın ve hemen e sesine kayın; hepsi tek hecede olsun."},"ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",siete:"/ˈsjete/",bien:"/bjen/",tiempo:"/ˈtjempo/",pierna:"/ˈpjerna/",ven:"/ben/",terra:"/ˈtera/",perna:"/ˈperna/",templo:"/ˈtemplo/",sete:"/ˈsete/",siempre:"/ˈsjempre/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Diphthongs - /je/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ie (e.g. tierra, siete, bien)",ipa:"/je/"}],tips:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",scripts:[{IPA:"/je/","native-letters-involved":"ie","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["bien","ven"],["tierra","terra"],["pierna","perna"],["tiempo","templo"],["siete","sete"]],"words-mispronounced":["bien","siempre","tiempo","pierna","tierra"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{pierna:"pierna/perna"},{tiempo:"tiempo/templo"},{siete:"siete/sete"}],"anchor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"ancor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Start with a quick y sound, then open to e, like in yes + eh, smoothly in one syllable.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",siete:"/ˈsjete/",bien:"/bjen/",tiempo:"/ˈtjempo/",pierna:"/ˈpjerna/",ven:"/ben/",terra:"/ˈtera/",perna:"/ˈperna/",templo:"/ˈtemplo/",sete:"/ˈsete/",siempre:"/ˈsjempre/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Diphthonge - /je/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ie (e.g. tierra, siete, bien)",ipa:"/je/"}],tips:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/je/","native-letters-involved":"ie","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["bien","ven"],["tierra","terra"],["pierna","perna"],["tiempo","templo"],["siete","sete"]],"words-mispronounced":["bien","siempre","tiempo","pierna","tierra"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{pierna:"pierna/perna"},{tiempo:"tiempo/templo"},{siete:"siete/sete"}],"anchor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"ancor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Beginnen Sie mit einem kurzen j-Laut und gleiten Sie dann zu e in einer Silbe.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",siete:"/ˈsjete/",bien:"/bjen/",tiempo:"/ˈtjempo/",pierna:"/ˈpjerna

1/",ven:"/ben/",terra:"/ˈtera/",perna:"/ˈperna/",templo:"/ˈtemplo/",sete:"/ˈsete/",siempre:"/ˈsjempre/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Diptongos - /je/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ie (e.g. tierra, siete, bien)",ipa:"/je/"}],tips:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/je/","native-letters-involved":"ie","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["bien","ven"],["tierra","terra"],["pierna","perna"],["tiempo","templo"],["siete","sete"]],"words-mispronounced":["bien","siempre","tiempo","pierna","tierra"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{pierna:"pierna/perna"},{tiempo:"tiempo/templo"},{siete:"siete/sete"}],"anchor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"ancor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Empieza con un sonido parecido a y y deslízate enseguida hacia e, todo en una sola sílaba.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",siete:"/ˈsjete/",bien:"/bjen/",tiempo:"/ˈtjempo/",pierna:"/ˈpjerna/",ven:"/ben/",terra:"/ˈtera/",perna:"/ˈperna/",templo:"/ˈtemplo/",sete:"/ˈsete/",siempre:"/ˈsjempre/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Diphtongues - /je/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ie (e.g. tierra, siete, bien)",ipa:"/je/"}],tips:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",scripts:[{IPA:"/je/","native-letters-involved":"ie","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["bien","ven"],["tierra","terra"],["pierna","perna"],["tiempo","templo"],["siete","sete"]],"words-mispronounced":["bien","siempre","tiempo","pierna","tierra"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son n'existe pas en français.","minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{pierna:"pierna/perna"},{tiempo:"tiempo/templo"},{siete:"siete/sete"}],"anchor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"ancor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Commencez par un petit son y, puis ouvrez vers é, en une seule syllabe.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",siete:"/ˈsjete/",bien:"/bjen/",tiempo:"/ˈtjempo/",pierna:"/ˈpjerna/",ven:"/ben/",terra:"/ˈtera/",perna:"/ˈperna/",templo:"/ˈtemplo/",sete:"/ˈsete/",siempre:"/ˈsjempre/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Tweeklanken - /je/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ie (e.g. tierra, siete, bien)",ipa:"/je/"}],tips:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",scripts:[{IPA:"/je/","native-letters-involved":"ie","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["bien","ven"],["tierra","terra"],["pierna","perna"],["tiempo","templo"],["siete","sete"]],"words-mispronounced":["bien","siempre","tiempo","pierna","tierra"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{pierna:"pierna/perna"},{tiempo:"tiempo/templo"},{siete:"siete/sete"}],"anchor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"ancor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Begin met een korte j-klank en glijd meteen naar e in één lettergreep.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",siete:"/ˈsjete/",bien:"/bjen/",tiempo:"/ˈtjempo/",pierna:"/ˈpjerna/",ven:"/ben/",terra:"/ˈtera/",perna:"/ˈperna/",templo:"/ˈtemplo/",sete:"/ˈsete/",siempre:"/ˈsjempre/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"İkili ünlüler - /je/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ie (e.g. tierra, siete, bien)",ipa:"/je/"}],tips:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/je/","native-letters-involved":"ie","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","siete","bien","tiempo","pierna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["bien","ven"],["tierra","terra"],["pierna","perna"],["tiempo","templo"],["siete","sete"]],"words-mispronounced":["bien","siempre","tiempo","pierna","tierra"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede yoktur.","minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{pierna:"pierna/perna"},{tiempo:"tiempo/templo"},{siete:"siete/sete"}],"anchor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"ancor-words":["bien","siete","tiempo","tierra","pierna"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Kısa bir y sesiyle başlayın ve hemen e sesine kayın; hepsi tek hecede olsun.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",siete:"/ˈsjete/",bien:"/bjen/",tiempo:"/ˈtjempo/",pierna:"/ˈpjerna

1/",ven:"/ben/",terra:"/ˈtera/",perna:"/ˈperna/",templo:"/ˈtemplo/",sete:"/ˈsete/",siempre:"/ˈsjempre/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"029a7bd7-77de-4fb3-bdc5-a3775fe1dbd8"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-diptongos-we",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ue (e.g. hueso, fuera, bueno)",ipa:"/we/"}],tips:{en:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",fr:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",de:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",es:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",nl:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",tr:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/we/","native-letters-involved":"ue","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cuesta","costa"],["fuego","fago"],["bueno","bono"],["puerta","porta"],["hueso","oso"]],"words-mispronounced":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],fr:"Ce son est assez nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /wɛ/ comme dans « ouest ».",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede yeni sayılır; en yakın ses /ve/ ya da /üe/ benzeri dizilerdir."},"minimal-pairs":[{bueno:"bueno/bono"},{cuesta:"cuesta/costa"},{fuego:"fuego/fago"},{puerta:"puerta/porta"},{hueso:"hueso/oso"}],"anchor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"ancor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Start with a short w glide, then open to e, like saying w + eh smoothly in one syllable.",fr:"Commencez par un petit glide /w/, puis ouvrez vers /e/ dans la même syllabe.",de:"Beginnen Sie mit einem kurzen /w/-Gleitlaut und gehen Sie direkt zu /e/ in derselben Silbe.",es:"Empieza con un deslizamiento breve /w/ y abre enseguida a /e/ en la misma sílaba.",nl:"Begin met een korte /w/-glijklank en ga meteen naar /e/ in dezelfde lettergreep.",tr:"Kısa bir /w/ kaymasıyla başlayın ve aynı hecede hemen /e/ sesine açılın."},"ipa-transcriptions":{hueso:"/ˈwe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/",fuego:"/ˈfwe.ɣo/",puerta:"/ˈpweɾ.ta/",cuesta:"/ˈkwes.ta/",costa:"/ˈkos.ta/",fago:"/ˈfa.ɣo/",bono:"/ˈbo.no/",porta:"/ˈpoɾ.ta/",oso:"/ˈo.so/",puesto:"/ˈpwes.to/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Diphthongs - /we/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ue (e.g. hueso, fuera, bueno)",ipa:"/we/"}],tips:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",scripts:[{IPA:"/we/","native-letters-involved":"ue","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cuesta","costa"],["fuego","fago"],["bueno","bono"],["puerta","porta"],["hueso","oso"]],"words-mispronounced":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{bueno:"bueno/bono"},{cuesta:"cuesta/costa"},{fuego:"fuego/fago"},{puerta:"puerta/porta"},{hueso:"hueso/oso"}],"anchor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"ancor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Start with a short w glide, then open to e, like saying w + eh smoothly in one syllable.","ipa-transcriptions":{hueso:"/ˈwe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/",fuego:"/ˈfwe.ɣo/",puerta:"/ˈpweɾ.ta/",cuesta:"/ˈkwes.ta/",costa:"/ˈkos.ta/",fago:"/ˈfa.ɣo/",bono:"/ˈbo.no/",porta:"/ˈpoɾ.ta/",oso:"/ˈo.so/",puesto:"/ˈpwes.to/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Diphthonge - /we/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ue (e.g. hueso, fuera, bueno)",ipa:"/we/"}],tips:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/we/","native-letters-involved":"ue","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cuesta","costa"],["fuego","fago"],["bueno","bono"],["puerta","porta"],["hueso","oso"]],"words-mispronounced":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{bueno:"bueno/bono"},{cuesta:"cuesta/costa"},{fuego:"fuego/fago"},{puerta:"puerta/porta"},{hueso:"hueso/oso"}],"anchor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"ancor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Beginnen Sie mit einem kurzen /w/-Gleitlaut und gehen Sie direkt zu /e/ in derselben Silbe.","ipa-transcriptions":{hueso:"/ˈwe.so

1/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/",fuego:"/ˈfwe.ɣo/",puerta:"/ˈpweɾ.ta/",cuesta:"/ˈkwes.ta/",costa:"/ˈkos.ta/",fago:"/ˈfa.ɣo/",bono:"/ˈbo.no/",porta:"/ˈpoɾ.ta/",oso:"/ˈo.so/",puesto:"/ˈpwes.to/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Diptongos - /we/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ue (e.g. hueso, fuera, bueno)",ipa:"/we/"}],tips:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/we/","native-letters-involved":"ue","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cuesta","costa"],["fuego","fago"],["bueno","bono"],["puerta","porta"],["hueso","oso"]],"words-mispronounced":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],"minimal-pairs":[{bueno:"bueno/bono"},{cuesta:"cuesta/costa"},{fuego:"fuego/fago"},{puerta:"puerta/porta"},{hueso:"hueso/oso"}],"anchor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"ancor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Empieza con un deslizamiento breve /w/ y abre enseguida a /e/ en la misma sílaba.","ipa-transcriptions":{hueso:"/ˈwe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/",fuego:"/ˈfwe.ɣo/",puerta:"/ˈpweɾ.ta/",cuesta:"/ˈkwes.ta/",costa:"/ˈkos.ta/",fago:"/ˈfa.ɣo/",bono:"/ˈbo.no/",porta:"/ˈpoɾ.ta/",oso:"/ˈo.so/",puesto:"/ˈpwes.to/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Diphtongues - /we/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ue (e.g. hueso, fuera, bueno)",ipa:"/we/"}],tips:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",scripts:[{IPA:"/we/","native-letters-involved":"ue","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cuesta","costa"],["fuego","fago"],["bueno","bono"],["puerta","porta"],["hueso","oso"]],"words-mispronounced":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est assez nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /wɛ/ comme dans « ouest ».","minimal-pairs":[{bueno:"bueno/bono"},{cuesta:"cuesta/costa"},{fuego:"fuego/fago"},{puerta:"puerta/porta"},{hueso:"hueso/oso"}],"anchor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"ancor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Commencez par un petit glide /w/, puis ouvrez vers /e/ dans la même syllabe.","ipa-transcriptions":{hueso:"/ˈwe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/",fuego:"/ˈfwe.ɣo/",puerta:"/ˈpweɾ.ta/",cuesta:"/ˈkwes.ta/",costa:"/ˈkos.ta/",fago:"/ˈfa.ɣo/",bono:"/ˈbo.no/",porta:"/ˈpoɾ.ta/",oso:"/ˈo.so/",puesto:"/ˈpwes.to/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Tweeklanken - /we/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ue (e.g. hueso, fuera, bueno)",ipa:"/we/"}],tips:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",scripts:[{IPA:"/we/","native-letters-involved":"ue","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cuesta","costa"],["fuego","fago"],["bueno","bono"],["puerta","porta"],["hueso","oso"]],"words-mispronounced":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{bueno:"bueno/bono"},{cuesta:"cuesta/costa"},{fuego:"fuego/fago"},{puerta:"puerta/porta"},{hueso:"hueso/oso"}],"anchor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"ancor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Begin met een korte /w/-glijklank en ga meteen naar /e/ in dezelfde lettergreep.","ipa-transcriptions":{hueso:"/ˈwe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/",fuego:"/ˈfwe.ɣo/",puerta:"/ˈpweɾ.ta/",cuesta:"/ˈkwes.ta/",costa:"/ˈkos.ta/",fago:"/ˈfa.ɣo/",bono:"/ˈbo.no/",porta:"/ˈpoɾ.ta/",oso:"/ˈo.so/",puesto:"/ˈpwes.to/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"İkili ünlüler - /we/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ue (e.g. hueso, fuera, bueno)",ipa:"/we/"}],tips:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/we/","native-letters-involved":"ue","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cuesta","costa"],["fuego","fago"],["bueno","bono"],["puerta","porta"],["hueso","oso"]],"words-mispronounced":["hueso","bueno","fuego","puerta","cuesta"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede yeni sayılır; en yakın ses /ve/ ya da /üe/ benzeri dizilerdir.","minimal-pairs":[{bueno:"bueno/bono"},{cuesta:"cuesta/costa"},{fuego:"fuego/fago"},{puerta:"puerta/porta"},{hueso:"hueso/oso"}],"anchor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"ancor-words":["bueno","hueso","fuego","puerta","puesto"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Kısa bir /w/ kaymasıyla başlayın ve aynı hecede hemen /e/ sesine açılın.","

1ipa-transcriptions":{hueso:"/ˈwe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/",fuego:"/ˈfwe.ɣo/",puerta:"/ˈpweɾ.ta/",cuesta:"/ˈkwes.ta/",costa:"/ˈkos.ta/",fago:"/ˈfa.ɣo/",bono:"/ˈbo.no/",porta:"/ˈpoɾ.ta/",oso:"/ˈo.so/",puesto:"/ˈpwes.to/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"1d52ace6-51ab-4ec0-9044-eba24af45676"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-diptongos-ai",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ai",ipa:"/ai/"}],tips:{en:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",fr:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",de:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",es:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",nl:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",tr:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/ai/","native-letters-involved":"ai","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["baile","vale"],["caigo","cargo"],["aire","arte"],["traigo","trago"],["paisaje","pasaje"]],"words-mispronounced":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","paisaje"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],fr:"Ce son est assez nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /aj/ comme dans « travail ».",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede oldukça yenidir; en yakın karşılık /aj/ gibi duyulan ünlem « ay » sesidir."},"minimal-pairs":[{aire:"aire/arte"},{baile:"baile/vale"},{caigo:"caigo/cargo"},{traigo:"traigo/trago"},{paisaje:"paisaje/pasaje"}],"anchor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"ancor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Start with an open a, then glide quickly to i without breaking the sound.",fr:"Commencez par un a ouvert, puis glissez vite vers i sans couper le son.",de:"Beginnen Sie mit einem offenen a und gleiten Sie dann schnell zu i, ohne zu stoppen.",es:"Empieza con una a abierta y desliza rápido hacia i, sin cortar el sonido.",nl:"Begin met een open a en glijd dan snel naar i zonder de klank te onderbreken.",tr:"Açık bir a ile başlayın, sonra sesi kesmeden hızlıca i sesine kayın."},"ipa-transcriptions":{aire:"/ˈai̯ɾe/",baile:"/ˈbai̯le/",caigo:"/ˈkai̯ɣo/",paisaje:"/pai̯ˈsaxe/",traigo:"/ˈtɾai̯ɣo/",vale:"/ˈbale/",cargo:"/ˈkaɾɣo/",arte:"/ˈaɾte/",trago:"/ˈtɾaɣo/",pasaje:"/paˈsaxe/",bailar:"/bai̯ˈlaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Diphthongs - /ai/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ai",ipa:"/ai/"}],tips:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ai/","native-letters-involved":"ai","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["baile","vale"],["caigo","cargo"],["aire","arte"],["traigo","trago"],["paisaje","pasaje"]],"words-mispronounced":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","paisaje"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{aire:"aire/arte"},{baile:"baile/vale"},{caigo:"caigo/cargo"},{traigo:"traigo/trago"},{paisaje:"paisaje/pasaje"}],"anchor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"ancor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Start with an open a, then glide quickly to i without breaking the sound.","ipa-transcriptions":{aire:"/ˈai̯ɾe/",baile:"/ˈbai̯le/",caigo:"/ˈkai̯ɣo/",paisaje:"/pai̯ˈsaxe/",traigo:"/ˈtɾai̯ɣo/",vale:"/ˈbale/",cargo:"/ˈkaɾɣo/",arte:"/ˈaɾte/",trago:"/ˈtɾaɣo/",pasaje:"/paˈsaxe/",bailar:"/bai̯ˈlaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Diphthonge - /ai/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ai",ipa:"/ai/"}],tips:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ai/","native-letters-involved":"ai","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["baile","vale"],["caigo","cargo"],["aire","arte"],["traigo","trago"],["paisaje","pasaje"]],"words-mispronounced":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","paisaje"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{aire:"aire/arte"},{baile:"baile/vale"},{caigo:"caigo/cargo"},{traigo:"traigo/trago"},{paisaje:"paisaje/pasaje"}],"anchor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"ancor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Beginnen Sie mit einem offenen a und gleiten Sie dann schnell zu i, ohne zu stoppen.","ipa-transcriptions":{aire:"/ˈai̯ɾe/",baile:"/ˈbai̯le/",caigo:"/ˈkai̯ɣo/",paisaje:"/pai̯ˈsaxe/",traigo:"/ˈtɾai̯ɣo/",vale:"/ˈbale/",cargo:"/ˈkaɾɣo/",arte:"/ˈaɾte/",trago:"/ˈtɾaɣo/",pasaje:"/paˈsaxe/",bailar:"/bai̯ˈlaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Diptongos - /ai/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ai",ipa:"/ai/"}],tips:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ai/","native-letters-involved":"ai","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["baile","vale"],["caigo","cargo"],["aire","arte"],["traigo","trago"],["paisaje","pasaje"]],"words-mispronounced":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","paisaje"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],"minimal-pairs":[{aire:"aire/arte"},{baile:"baile/vale"},{caigo:"caigo/cargo"},{traigo:"traigo/trago"},{paisaje:"paisaje/pasaje"}],"anchor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"ancor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Empieza con una a abierta y desliza rápido hacia i, sin cortar el sonido.","ipa-transcriptions":{aire:"/ˈai̯ɾe/",baile:"/ˈbai̯le/",caigo:"/ˈkai̯ɣo/",paisaje:"/pai̯ˈsaxe/",traigo:"/ˈtɾai̯ɣo/",vale:"/ˈbale/",cargo:"/ˈkaɾɣo/",arte:"/ˈaɾte/",trago:"/ˈtɾaɣo/",pasaje:"/paˈsaxe/",bailar:"/bai̯ˈlaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Diphtongues - /ai/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ai",ipa:"/ai/"}

1],tips:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ai/","native-letters-involved":"ai","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["baile","vale"],["caigo","cargo"],["aire","arte"],["traigo","trago"],["paisaje","pasaje"]],"words-mispronounced":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","paisaje"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est assez nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /aj/ comme dans « travail ».","minimal-pairs":[{aire:"aire/arte"},{baile:"baile/vale"},{caigo:"caigo/cargo"},{traigo:"traigo/trago"},{paisaje:"paisaje/pasaje"}],"anchor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"ancor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Commencez par un a ouvert, puis glissez vite vers i sans couper le son.","ipa-transcriptions":{aire:"/ˈai̯ɾe/",baile:"/ˈbai̯le/",caigo:"/ˈkai̯ɣo/",paisaje:"/pai̯ˈsaxe/",traigo:"/ˈtɾai̯ɣo/",vale:"/ˈbale/",cargo:"/ˈkaɾɣo/",arte:"/ˈaɾte/",trago:"/ˈtɾaɣo/",pasaje:"/paˈsaxe/",bailar:"/bai̯ˈlaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Tweeklanken - /ai/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ai",ipa:"/ai/"}],tips:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ai/","native-letters-involved":"ai","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["baile","vale"],["caigo","cargo"],["aire","arte"],["traigo","trago"],["paisaje","pasaje"]],"words-mispronounced":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","paisaje"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{aire:"aire/arte"},{baile:"baile/vale"},{caigo:"caigo/cargo"},{traigo:"traigo/trago"},{paisaje:"paisaje/pasaje"}],"anchor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"ancor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Begin met een open a en glijd dan snel naar i zonder de klank te onderbreken.","ipa-transcriptions":{aire:"/ˈai̯ɾe/",baile:"/ˈbai̯le/",caigo:"/ˈkai̯ɣo/",paisaje:"/pai̯ˈsaxe/",traigo:"/ˈtɾai̯ɣo/",vale:"/ˈbale/",cargo:"/ˈkaɾɣo/",arte:"/ˈaɾte/",trago:"/ˈtɾaɣo/",pasaje:"/paˈsaxe/",bailar:"/bai̯ˈlaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"İkili ünlüler - /ai/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ai",ipa:"/ai/"}],tips:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ai/","native-letters-involved":"ai","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["aire","baile","caigo","paisaje","traigo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["baile","vale"],["caigo","cargo"],["aire","arte"],["traigo","trago"],["paisaje","pasaje"]],"words-mispronounced":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","paisaje"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede oldukça yenidir; en yakın karşılık /aj/ gibi duyulan ünlem « ay » sesidir.","minimal-pairs":[{aire:"aire/arte"},{baile:"baile/vale"},{caigo:"caigo/cargo"},{traigo:"traigo/trago"},{paisaje:"paisaje/pasaje"}],"anchor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"ancor-words":["aire","baile","caigo","traigo","bailar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Açık bir a ile başlayın, sonra sesi kesmeden hızlıca i sesine kayın.","ipa-transcriptions":{aire:"/ˈai̯ɾe/",baile:"/ˈbai̯le/",caigo:"/ˈkai̯ɣo/",paisaje:"/pai̯ˈsaxe/",traigo:"/ˈtɾai̯ɣo/",vale:"/ˈbale/",cargo:"/ˈkaɾɣo/",arte:"/ˈaɾte/",trago:"/ˈtɾaɣo/",pasaje:"/paˈsaxe/",bailar:"/bai̯ˈlaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"9ac33d42-1ba3-4993-84f5-e16ece39296d"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-diptongos-ei",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ei",ipa:"/ei/"}],tips:{en:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",fr:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",de:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",es:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",nl:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",tr:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/ei/","native-letters-involved":"ei","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peine","pena"],["reina","rana"],["veinte","viento"],["aceite","acepte"],["leyenda","leyendo"]],"words-mispronounced":["peine","reina","aceite","veinte","leyenda"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],fr:"Ce son est assez nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /ɛj/ comme dans « soleil ».",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede yeni sayılır; en yakın karşılık /ej/ dizisidir, örneğin « şey »."},"minimal-pairs":[{peine:"peine/pine"},{reina:"reina/ruina"},{veinte:"veinte/viento"},{aceite:"aceite/acepte"}],"anchor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"ancor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Start with an open-mid e sound and glide quickly to i in one syllable.",fr:"Commencez par un son e ouvert puis glissez vite vers i dans la même syllabe.",de:"Beginnen Sie mit einem e-Laut und gleiten Sie schnell zu i in derselben Silbe.",es:"Empieza con una e y desliza rápidamente hacia i en la misma sílaba.",nl:"Begin met een e-klank en glijd snel naar i binnen dezelfde lettergreep.",tr:"Bir e sesiyle başlayın ve aynı hecede hızlıca i sesine kayın."},"ipa-transcriptions":{reina:"/ˈrei.na/",peine:"/ˈpei.ne/",aceite:"/aˈθei.te/",veinte:"/ˈbein.te/",leyenda:"/leˈʝen.da/",pena:"/ˈpe.na/",rana:"/ˈra.na/",viento:"/ˈbjen.to/",acepte:"/aˈθep.te/",leyendo:"/leˈʝen.do/",pine:"/ˈpi.ne/",ruina:"/ˈrwi.na/",seis:"/ˈseis/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Diphthongs - /ei/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ei",ipa:"/ei/"}],tips:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ei/","native-letters-involved":"ei","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peine","pena"],["reina","rana"],["veinte","viento"],["aceite","acepte"],["leyenda","leyendo"]],"words-mispronounced":["peine","reina","aceite","veinte","leyenda"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{peine:"peine/pine"},{reina:"reina/ruina"},{veinte:"veinte/viento"},{aceite:"aceite/acepte"}],"anchor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"ancor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Start with an open-mid e sound and glide quickly to i in one syllable.","ipa-transcriptions":{reina:"/ˈrei.na/",peine:"/ˈpei.ne/",aceite:"/aˈθei.te/",veinte:"/ˈbein.te/",leyenda:"/leˈʝen.da/",pena:"/ˈpe.na/",rana:"/ˈra.na/",viento:"/ˈbjen.to/",acepte:"/aˈθep.te/",leyendo:"/leˈʝen.do/",pine:"/ˈpi.ne/",ruina:"/ˈrwi.na/",seis:"/ˈseis/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Diphthonge - /ei/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ei",ipa:"/ei/"}],tips:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ei/","native-letters-involved":"ei","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peine","pena"],["reina","rana"],["veinte","viento"],["aceite","acepte"],["leyenda","leyendo"]],"words-mispronounced":["peine","reina","aceite","veinte","leyenda"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{peine:"peine/pine"},{reina:"reina/ruina"},{veinte:"veinte/viento"},{aceite:"aceite/acepte"}],"anchor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"ancor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Beginnen Sie mit einem e-Laut und gleiten Sie schnell zu i in derselben Silbe.","ipa-transcriptions":{reina:"/ˈrei.na/",peine:"/ˈpei.ne/",aceite:"/aˈθei.te/",veinte:"/ˈbein.te/",leyenda:"/leˈʝen.da/",pena:"/ˈpe.na/",rana:"/ˈra.na/",viento:"/ˈbjen.to/",acepte:"/aˈθep.te/",leyendo:"/leˈʝen.do/",pine:"/ˈpi.ne/",ruina:"/ˈrwi.na/",seis:"/ˈseis/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Diptongos - /ei/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ei",ipa:"/ei/"}],tips:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ei/","native-letters-involved":"ei","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peine","pena"],["reina","rana"],["veinte","viento"],["aceite","acepte"],["leyenda","leyendo"]],"words-mispronounced":["peine","reina","aceite","veinte","leyenda"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],"minimal-pairs":[{peine:"peine/pine"},{reina:"reina/ruina"},{veinte:"veinte/viento"},{aceite:"aceite/acepte"}],"anchor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"ancor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Empieza con una e y desliza rápidamente hacia i en la misma sílaba.","ipa-transcriptions":{reina:"/ˈrei.na/",peine:"/ˈpei.ne/",aceite:"/aˈθei.te/",veinte:"/ˈbein.te/",leyenda:"/leˈʝen.da/",pena:"/ˈpe.na/",rana:"/ˈra.na/",viento:"/ˈbjen.to/",acepte:"/aˈθep.te/",leyendo:"/leˈʝen.do/",pine:"/ˈpi.ne/",ruina:"/ˈrwi.na/",seis:"/ˈseis/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Diphtongues - /ei/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ei",ipa:"/ei/"}

1],tips:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ei/","native-letters-involved":"ei","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peine","pena"],["reina","rana"],["veinte","viento"],["aceite","acepte"],["leyenda","leyendo"]],"words-mispronounced":["peine","reina","aceite","veinte","leyenda"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est assez nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /ɛj/ comme dans « soleil ».","minimal-pairs":[{peine:"peine/pine"},{reina:"reina/ruina"},{veinte:"veinte/viento"},{aceite:"aceite/acepte"}],"anchor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"ancor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Commencez par un son e ouvert puis glissez vite vers i dans la même syllabe.","ipa-transcriptions":{reina:"/ˈrei.na/",peine:"/ˈpei.ne/",aceite:"/aˈθei.te/",veinte:"/ˈbein.te/",leyenda:"/leˈʝen.da/",pena:"/ˈpe.na/",rana:"/ˈra.na/",viento:"/ˈbjen.to/",acepte:"/aˈθep.te/",leyendo:"/leˈʝen.do/",pine:"/ˈpi.ne/",ruina:"/ˈrwi.na/",seis:"/ˈseis/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Tweeklanken - /ei/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ei",ipa:"/ei/"}],tips:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ei/","native-letters-involved":"ei","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peine","pena"],["reina","rana"],["veinte","viento"],["aceite","acepte"],["leyenda","leyendo"]],"words-mispronounced":["peine","reina","aceite","veinte","leyenda"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{peine:"peine/pine"},{reina:"reina/ruina"},{veinte:"veinte/viento"},{aceite:"aceite/acepte"}],"anchor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"ancor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Begin met een e-klank en glijd snel naar i binnen dezelfde lettergreep.","ipa-transcriptions":{reina:"/ˈrei.na/",peine:"/ˈpei.ne/",aceite:"/aˈθei.te/",veinte:"/ˈbein.te/",leyenda:"/leˈʝen.da/",pena:"/ˈpe.na/",rana:"/ˈra.na/",viento:"/ˈbjen.to/",acepte:"/aˈθep.te/",leyendo:"/leˈʝen.do/",pine:"/ˈpi.ne/",ruina:"/ˈrwi.na/",seis:"/ˈseis/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"İkili ünlüler - /ei/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ei",ipa:"/ei/"}],tips:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ei/","native-letters-involved":"ei","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","leyenda"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["peine","pena"],["reina","rana"],["veinte","viento"],["aceite","acepte"],["leyenda","leyendo"]],"words-mispronounced":["peine","reina","aceite","veinte","leyenda"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede yeni sayılır; en yakın karşılık /ej/ dizisidir, örneğin « şey ».","minimal-pairs":[{peine:"peine/pine"},{reina:"reina/ruina"},{veinte:"veinte/viento"},{aceite:"aceite/acepte"}],"anchor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"ancor-words":["reina","peine","aceite","veinte","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Bir e sesiyle başlayın ve aynı hecede hızlıca i sesine kayın.","ipa-transcriptions":{reina:"/ˈrei.na/",peine:"/ˈpei.ne/",aceite:"/aˈθei.te/",veinte:"/ˈbein.te/",leyenda:"/leˈʝen.da/",pena:"/ˈpe.na/",rana:"/ˈra.na/",viento:"/ˈbjen.to/",acepte:"/aˈθep.te/",leyendo:"/leˈʝen.do/",pine:"/ˈpi.ne/",ruina:"/ˈrwi.na/",seis:"/ˈseis/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"ec4dd17f-09c7-4d86-b4b6-f4292dc8d5c1"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-diptongos-oi",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"oi",ipa:"/oi/"}],tips:{en:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",fr:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",de:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",es:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",nl:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",tr:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/oi/","native-letters-involved":"oi","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["oigo","boina","paranoico","heroico"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["boina","buena"],["heroico","erótico"],["oigo","higo"],["paranoico","paranormal"]],"words-mispronounced":["boina","heroico","paranoico","oigo","estoico"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["boina","oigo","heroico","paranoico","estoico"],fr:"Ce son est assez nouveau ; le plus proche en français est /wa/ comme dans « moi ».",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:'Bu ses Türkçede yeni sayılır; en yakın karşılık /oj/ gibi, örneğin "oy".'},"minimal-pairs":[{boina:"boina/buena"},{heroico:"heroico/erótico"},{estoico:"estoico/estático"},{paranoico:"paranoico/paraninfo"}],"anchor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"ancor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Start with an open-mid back vowel and glide quickly to i, like one smooth diphthong.",fr:"Commencez par un o ouvert puis glissez vite vers i, en une seule syllabe.",de:"Beginne mit einem offenen o und gleite schnell zu i, in einer Silbe.",es:"Empieza con una o abierta y desliza rápido hacia i, en una sola sílaba.",nl:"Begin met een open o en glijd snel naar i in één lettergreep.",tr:"Açık bir o ile başlayın ve tek hecede hızlıca i sesine kayın."},"ipa-transcriptions":{boina:"/ˈboj.na/",buena:"/ˈbwe.na/",heroico:"/eˈɾoj.k

1o/","erótico":"/eˈɾo.ti.ko/",oigo:"/ˈoj.ɣo/",higo:"/ˈi.ɣo/",paranoico:"/pa.ɾaˈnoj.ko/",paranormal:"/pa.ɾa.noɾˈmal/",estoico:"/esˈtoj.ko/","estático":"/esˈta.ti.ko/",paraninfo:"/pa.ɾaˈnim.fo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Diphthongs - /oi/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"oi",ipa:"/oi/"}],tips:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",scripts:[{IPA:"/oi/","native-letters-involved":"oi","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["oigo","boina","paranoico","heroico"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["boina","buena"],["heroico","erótico"],["oigo","higo"],["paranoico","paranormal"]],"words-mispronounced":["boina","heroico","paranoico","oigo","estoico"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{boina:"boina/buena"},{heroico:"heroico/erótico"},{estoico:"estoico/estático"},{paranoico:"paranoico/paraninfo"}],"anchor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"ancor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Start with an open-mid back vowel and glide quickly to i, like one smooth diphthong.","ipa-transcriptions":{boina:"/ˈboj.na/",buena:"/ˈbwe.na/",heroico:"/eˈɾoj.ko/","erótico":"/eˈɾo.ti.ko/",oigo:"/ˈoj.ɣo/",higo:"/ˈi.ɣo/",paranoico:"/pa.ɾaˈnoj.ko/",paranormal:"/pa.ɾa.noɾˈmal/",estoico:"/esˈtoj.ko/","estático":"/esˈta.ti.ko/",paraninfo:"/pa.ɾaˈnim.fo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Diphthonge - /oi/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"oi",ipa:"/oi/"}],tips:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/oi/","native-letters-involved":"oi","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["oigo","boina","paranoico","heroico"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["boina","buena"],["heroico","erótico"],["oigo","higo"],["paranoico","paranormal"]],"words-mispronounced":["boina","heroico","paranoico","oigo","estoico"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{boina:"boina/buena"},{heroico:"heroico/erótico"},{estoico:"estoico/estático"},{paranoico:"paranoico/paraninfo"}],"anchor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"ancor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Beginne mit einem offenen o und gleite schnell zu i, in einer Silbe.","ipa-transcriptions":{boina:"/ˈboj.na/",buena:"/ˈbwe.na/",heroico:"/eˈɾoj.ko/","erótico":"/eˈɾo.ti.ko/",oigo:"/ˈoj.ɣo/",higo:"/ˈi.ɣo/",paranoico:"/pa.ɾaˈnoj.ko/",paranormal:"/pa.ɾa.noɾˈmal/",estoico:"/esˈtoj.ko/","estático":"/esˈta.ti.ko/",paraninfo:"/pa.ɾaˈnim.fo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Diptongos - /oi/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"oi",ipa:"/oi/"}],tips:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/oi/","native-letters-involved":"oi","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["oigo","boina","paranoico","heroico"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["boina","buena"],["heroico","erótico"],["oigo","higo"],["paranoico","paranormal"]],"words-mispronounced":["boina","heroico","paranoico","oigo","estoico"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["boina","oigo","heroico","paranoico","estoico"],"minimal-pairs":[{boina:"boina/buena"},{heroico:"heroico/erótico"},{estoico:"estoico/estático"},{paranoico:"paranoico/paraninfo"}],"anchor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"ancor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Empieza con una o abierta y desliza rápido hacia i, en una sola sílaba.","ipa-transcriptions":{boina:"/ˈboj.na/",buena:"/ˈbwe.na/",heroico:"/eˈɾoj.ko/","erótico":"/eˈɾo.ti.ko/",oigo:"/ˈoj.ɣo/",higo:"/ˈi.ɣo/",paranoico:"/pa.ɾaˈnoj.ko/",paranormal:"/pa.ɾa.noɾˈmal/",estoico:"/esˈtoj.ko/","estático":"/esˈta.ti.ko/",paraninfo:"/pa.ɾaˈnim.fo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Diphtongues - /oi/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"oi",ipa:"/oi/"}

1],tips:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",scripts:[{IPA:"/oi/","native-letters-involved":"oi","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["oigo","boina","paranoico","heroico"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["boina","buena"],["heroico","erótico"],["oigo","higo"],["paranoico","paranormal"]],"words-mispronounced":["boina","heroico","paranoico","oigo","estoico"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est assez nouveau ; le plus proche en français est /wa/ comme dans « moi ».","minimal-pairs":[{boina:"boina/buena"},{heroico:"heroico/erótico"},{estoico:"estoico/estático"},{paranoico:"paranoico/paraninfo"}],"anchor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"ancor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Commencez par un o ouvert puis glissez vite vers i, en une seule syllabe.","ipa-transcriptions":{boina:"/ˈboj.na/",buena:"/ˈbwe.na/",heroico:"/eˈɾoj.ko/","erótico":"/eˈɾo.ti.ko/",oigo:"/ˈoj.ɣo/",higo:"/ˈi.ɣo/",paranoico:"/pa.ɾaˈnoj.ko/",paranormal:"/pa.ɾa.noɾˈmal/",estoico:"/esˈtoj.ko/","estático":"/esˈta.ti.ko/",paraninfo:"/pa.ɾaˈnim.fo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Tweeklanken - /oi/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"oi",ipa:"/oi/"}],tips:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",scripts:[{IPA:"/oi/","native-letters-involved":"oi","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["oigo","boina","paranoico","heroico"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["boina","buena"],["heroico","erótico"],["oigo","higo"],["paranoico","paranormal"]],"words-mispronounced":["boina","heroico","paranoico","oigo","estoico"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{boina:"boina/buena"},{heroico:"heroico/erótico"},{estoico:"estoico/estático"},{paranoico:"paranoico/paraninfo"}],"anchor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"ancor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Begin met een open o en glijd snel naar i in één lettergreep.","ipa-transcriptions":{boina:"/ˈboj.na/",buena:"/ˈbwe.na/",heroico:"/eˈɾoj.ko/","erótico":"/eˈɾo.ti.ko/",oigo:"/ˈoj.ɣo/",higo:"/ˈi.ɣo/",paranoico:"/pa.ɾaˈnoj.ko/",paranormal:"/pa.ɾa.noɾˈmal/",estoico:"/esˈtoj.ko/","estático":"/esˈta.ti.ko/",paraninfo:"/pa.ɾaˈnim.fo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"İkili ünlüler - /oi/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"oi",ipa:"/oi/"}],tips:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/oi/","native-letters-involved":"oi","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["oigo","boina","paranoico","heroico"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["boina","buena"],["heroico","erótico"],["oigo","higo"],["paranoico","paranormal"]],"words-mispronounced":["boina","heroico","paranoico","oigo","estoico"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":'Bu ses Türkçede yeni sayılır; en yakın karşılık /oj/ gibi, örneğin "oy".',"minimal-pairs":[{boina:"boina/buena"},{heroico:"heroico/erótico"},{estoico:"estoico/estático"},{paranoico:"paranoico/paraninfo"}],"anchor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"ancor-words":["boina","oigo","heroico","estoico","paranoico"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Açık bir o ile başlayın ve tek hecede hızlıca i sesine kayın.","ipa-transcriptions":{boina:"/ˈboj.na/",buena:"/ˈbwe.na/",heroico:"/eˈɾoj.ko/","erótico":"/eˈɾo.ti.ko/",oigo:"/ˈoj.ɣo/",higo:"/ˈi.ɣo/",paranoico:"/pa.ɾaˈnoj.ko/",paranormal:"/pa.ɾa.noɾˈmal/",estoico:"/esˈtoj.ko/","estático":"/esˈta.ti.ko/",paraninfo:"/pa.ɾaˈnim.fo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"f7806508-174e-4f8b-88c1-a243ec1d6ebe"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-diptongos-au",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-vocales",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"au",ipa:"/au/"}],tips:{en:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",fr:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",de:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",es:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",nl:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",tr:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/au/","native-letters-involved":"au","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["causa","casa"],["pausa","pasa"],["jaula","jala"],["aula","ala"],["auto","alto"]],"words-mispronounced":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],fr:"Ce son est assez nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /u/ ou la suite /a.u/.",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede tam yok;

1 en yakın karşılık /av/ ya da /a.u/ dizisidir."},"minimal-pairs":[{causa:"causa/casa"},{pausa:"pausa/pasa"},{jaula:"jaula/jala"},{aula:"aula/ala"},{auto:"auto/alto"}],"anchor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"ancor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Start with an open a sound, then glide quickly to u without breaking it into two syllables.",fr:"Commencez par un a bien ouvert, puis glissez vite vers ou sans couper en deux syllabes.",de:"Beginnen Sie mit einem offenen a und gleiten Sie dann schnell zu u, ohne zwei Silben zu machen.",es:"Empieza con una a abierta y desliza rápido hacia u, sin separarlo en dos sílabas.",nl:"Begin met een open a en glijd snel naar u, zonder er twee lettergrepen van te maken.",tr:"Açık bir a ile başlayın, sonra sesi iki heceye bölmeden hızlıca u sesine kaydırın."},"ipa-transcriptions":{auto:"/ˈauto/",aula:"/ˈaula/",pausa:"/ˈpausa/",causa:"/ˈkausa/",jaula:"/ˈxaula/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",jala:"/ˈxala/",ala:"/ˈala/",alto:"/ˈalto/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Diphthongs - /au/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"au",ipa:"/au/"}],tips:"Glide smoothly from the first to the second vowel.",scripts:[{IPA:"/au/","native-letters-involved":"au","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["causa","casa"],["pausa","pasa"],["jaula","jala"],["aula","ala"],["auto","alto"]],"words-mispronounced":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{causa:"causa/casa"},{pausa:"pausa/pasa"},{jaula:"jaula/jala"},{aula:"aula/ala"},{auto:"auto/alto"}],"anchor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"ancor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Start with an open a sound, then glide quickly to u without breaking it into two syllables.","ipa-transcriptions":{auto:"/ˈauto/",aula:"/ˈaula/",pausa:"/ˈpausa/",causa:"/ˈkausa/",jaula:"/ˈxaula/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",jala:"/ˈxala/",ala:"/ˈala/",alto:"/ˈalto/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Diphthonge - /au/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"au",ipa:"/au/"}],tips:"Gleiten Sie sanft vom ersten zum zweiten Vokal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/au/","native-letters-involved":"au","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["causa","casa"],["pausa","pasa"],["jaula","jala"],["aula","ala"],["auto","alto"]],"words-mispronounced":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{causa:"causa/casa"},{pausa:"pausa/pasa"},{jaula:"jaula/jala"},{aula:"aula/ala"},{auto:"auto/alto"}],"anchor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"ancor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Beginnen Sie mit einem offenen a und gleiten Sie dann schnell zu u, ohne zwei Silben zu machen.","ipa-transcriptions":{auto:"/ˈauto/",aula:"/ˈaula/",pausa:"/ˈpausa/",causa:"/ˈkausa/",jaula:"/ˈxaula/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",jala:"/ˈxala/",ala:"/ˈala/",alto:"/ˈalto/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Diptongos - /au/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"au",ipa:"/au/"}],tips:"Deslízate suavemente de la primera a la segunda vocal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/au/","native-letters-involved":"au","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["causa","casa"],["pausa","pasa"],["jaula","jala"],["aula","ala"],["auto","alto"]],"words-mispronounced":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"minimal-pairs":[{causa:"causa/casa"},{pausa:"pausa/pasa"},{jaula:"jaula/jala"},{aula:"aula/ala"},{auto:"auto/alto"}],"anchor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"ancor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Empieza con una a abierta y desliza rápido hacia u, sin separarlo en dos sílabas.","ipa-transcriptions":{auto:"/ˈauto/",aula:"/ˈaula/",pausa:"/ˈpausa/",causa:"/ˈkausa/",jaula:"/ˈxaula/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",jala:"/ˈxala/",ala:"/ˈala/",alto:"/ˈalto/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Diphtongues - /au/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"au",ipa:"/au/"}

1],tips:"Glissez doucement de la première à la deuxième voyelle.",scripts:[{IPA:"/au/","native-letters-involved":"au","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["causa","casa"],["pausa","pasa"],["jaula","jala"],["aula","ala"],["auto","alto"]],"words-mispronounced":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est assez nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /u/ ou la suite /a.u/.","minimal-pairs":[{causa:"causa/casa"},{pausa:"pausa/pasa"},{jaula:"jaula/jala"},{aula:"aula/ala"},{auto:"auto/alto"}],"anchor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"ancor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Commencez par un a bien ouvert, puis glissez vite vers ou sans couper en deux syllabes.","ipa-transcriptions":{auto:"/ˈauto/",aula:"/ˈaula/",pausa:"/ˈpausa/",causa:"/ˈkausa/",jaula:"/ˈxaula/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",jala:"/ˈxala/",ala:"/ˈala/",alto:"/ˈalto/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Tweeklanken - /au/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"au",ipa:"/au/"}],tips:"Glijd soepel van de eerste naar de tweede klinker.",scripts:[{IPA:"/au/","native-letters-involved":"au","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["causa","casa"],["pausa","pasa"],["jaula","jala"],["aula","ala"],["auto","alto"]],"words-mispronounced":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{causa:"causa/casa"},{pausa:"pausa/pasa"},{jaula:"jaula/jala"},{aula:"aula/ala"},{auto:"auto/alto"}],"anchor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"ancor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Begin met een open a en glijd snel naar u, zonder er twee lettergrepen van te maken.","ipa-transcriptions":{auto:"/ˈauto/",aula:"/ˈaula/",pausa:"/ˈpausa/",causa:"/ˈkausa/",jaula:"/ˈxaula/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",jala:"/ˈxala/",ala:"/ˈala/",alto:"/ˈalto/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"İkili ünlüler - /au/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"au",ipa:"/au/"}],tips:"İlk ünlüden ikinci ünlüye yumuşakça kayın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/au/","native-letters-involved":"au","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["causa","casa"],["pausa","pasa"],["jaula","jala"],["aula","ala"],["auto","alto"]],"words-mispronounced":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede tam yok; en yakın karşılık /av/ ya da /a.u/ dizisidir.","minimal-pairs":[{causa:"causa/casa"},{pausa:"pausa/pasa"},{jaula:"jaula/jala"},{aula:"aula/ala"},{auto:"auto/alto"}],"anchor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"ancor-words":["auto","aula","pausa","causa","jaula"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Açık bir a ile başlayın, sonra sesi iki heceye bölmeden hızlıca u sesine kaydırın.","ipa-transcriptions":{auto:"/ˈauto/",aula:"/ˈaula/",pausa:"/ˈpausa/",causa:"/ˈkausa/",jaula:"/ˈxaula/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",jala:"/ˈxala/",ala:"/ˈala/",alto:"/ˈalto/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"d286d1ee-1e9d-43a7-b52c-ac2eb62a1456"},{type:"unit",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",order:2,"title-en":"Consonants","content-en":"Consonants","title-de":"Konsonanten","content-de":"Konsonanten","title-es":"Consonantes","content-es":"Consonantes","title-fr":"Consonnes","content-fr":"Consonnes","title-nl":"Medeklinkers","content-nl":"Medeklinkers","title-tr":"Ünsüzler","content-tr":"Ünsüzler",uid:"997641f3-4c6b-40f0-ab02-3d3c5505d821"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-consonantes-overview",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"phoneme-presence":{en:[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!1},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!0},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!1},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!0},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!1},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!1}],de:[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!0},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!1},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!0},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!1},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!1},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!0}],es:[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!0},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!0},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!0},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!0},{ipa:"β",present:!0},{ipa:"ð",present:!0},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!0},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!0},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!0},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!0},{ipa:"r",present:!0}],fr:[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!0},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!1},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!1},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!1},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!0},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!1}],nl:[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!1},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!1},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!0},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!1},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!1},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!0}],tr:[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!1},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!1},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!1},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!1},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!1},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!0}]}},"title-en":"Consonants Overview","content-en":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!1},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!0},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!1},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!0},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!1},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!1}]},"title-de":"Konsonanten Übersicht","content-de":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!0},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!1},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!0},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!1},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!1},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!0}]},"title-es":"Consonantes Descripción general","content-es":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!0},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!0},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!0},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!0},{ipa:"β",present:!0},{ipa:"ð",present:!0},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!0},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!0},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!0},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!0},{ipa:"r",present:!0}]},"title-fr":"Consonnes Aperçu","content-fr":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!0},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!1},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!1},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!1},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!0},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!1}]},"title-nl":"Medeklinkers Overzicht","content-nl":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!1},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!1},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!0},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!1},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!1},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!0}]},"title-tr":"Ünsüzler Genel Bakış","content-tr":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"p",present:!0},{ipa:"b",present:!0},{ipa:"t",present:!0},{ipa:"d",present:!0},{ipa:"k",present:!0},{ipa:"g",present:!1},{ipa:"f",present:!0},{ipa:"θ",present:!1},{ipa:"s",present:!0},{ipa:"x",present:!1},{ipa:"ʝ",present:!1},{ipa:"β",present:!1},{ipa:"ð",present:!1},{ipa:"ɣ",present:!1},{ipa:"m",present:!0},{ipa:"n",present:!0},{ipa:"ɲ",present:!1},{ipa:"l",present:!0},{ipa:"ʎ",present:!1},{ipa:"ɾ",present:!1},{ipa:"r",present:!0}]},uid:"61b9c529-1462-4c0d-a1a4-2022c10e65f2"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-oclusivas-p",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"p",ipa:"/p/"}],tips:{en:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",fr:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",es:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",nl:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",tr:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten s

1onra temizce bırakın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/p/","native-letters-involved":"p","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pala","bala"],["peso","beso"],["pata","bata"],["pino","vino"],["copa","coba"]],"words-mispronounced":["papel","propio","septiembre","explicar","practicar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["pen","paper","map","open","soup"],de:["Papa","Paar","Suppe","Puppe","Mappe"],es:["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],fr:["papa","porte","soupe","papier","cap"],nl:["pen","papa","soep","papier","kap"],tr:["para","papa","ip","kapı","top"]},"minimal-pairs":[{pala:"pala/bala"},{pasa:"pasa/basa"},{pata:"pata/bata"},{pino:"pino/vino"},{peso:"peso/beso"}],"anchor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"ancor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Close both lips, stop the air, then release it softly without vibrating the vocal cords.",fr:"Fermez les deux lèvres, bloquez l’air, puis relâchez-le doucement sans faire vibrer les cordes vocales.",de:"Schließe beide Lippen, halte die Luft kurz an und löse sie dann sanft ohne Stimmton.",es:"Junta los dos labios, bloquea el aire y suéltalo suavemente sin vibrar las cuerdas vocales.",nl:"Sluit beide lippen, houd de lucht even tegen en laat die dan zacht los zonder stem.",tr:"İki dudağını kapat, havayı kısa süre tut ve ses tellerini titreştirmeden yumuşakça bırak."},"ipa-transcriptions":{papa:"/ˈpapa/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",mapa:"/ˈmapa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",pala:"/ˈpala/",bala:"/ˈbala/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",pata:"/ˈpata/",bata:"/ˈbata/",pino:"/ˈpino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",coba:"/ˈkoβa/",papel:"/paˈpel/",propio:"/ˈpɾopjo/",septiembre:"/sepˈtjembɾe/",explicar:"/ekspliˈkaɾ/",practicar:"/pɾaktiˈkaɾ/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",basa:"/ˈbasa/",pan:"/pan/","papá":"/paˈpa/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",piso:"/ˈpiso/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Plosives - /p/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"p",ipa:"/p/"}],tips:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/p/","native-letters-involved":"p","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pala","bala"],["peso","beso"],["pata","bata"],["pino","vino"],["copa","coba"]],"words-mispronounced":["papel","propio","septiembre","explicar","practicar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["pen","paper","map","open","soup"],"minimal-pairs":[{pala:"pala/bala"},{pasa:"pasa/basa"},{pata:"pata/bata"},{pino:"pino/vino"},{peso:"peso/beso"}],"anchor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"ancor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Close both lips, stop the air, then release it softly without vibrating the vocal cords.","ipa-transcriptions":{papa:"/ˈpapa/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",mapa:"/ˈmapa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",pala:"/ˈpala/",bala:"/ˈbala/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",pata:"/ˈpata/",bata:"/ˈbata/",pino:"/ˈpino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",coba:"/ˈkoβa/",papel:"/paˈpel/",propio:"/ˈpɾopjo/",septiembre:"/sepˈtjembɾe/",explicar:"/ekspliˈkaɾ/",practicar:"/pɾaktiˈkaɾ/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",basa:"/ˈbasa/",pan:"/pan/","papá":"/paˈpa/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",piso:"/ˈpiso/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Plosive - /p/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"p",ipa:"/p/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",scripts:[{IPA:"/p/","native-letters-involved":"p","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pala","bala"],["peso","beso"],["pata","bata"],["pino","vino"],["copa","coba"]],"words-mispronounced":["papel","propio","septiembre","explicar","practicar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Papa","Paar","Suppe","Puppe","Mappe"],"minimal-pairs":[{pala:"pala/bala"},{pasa:"pasa/basa"},{pata:"pata/bata"},{pino:"pino/vino"},{peso:"peso/beso"}],"anchor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"ancor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Schließe beide Lippen, halte die Luft kurz an und löse sie dann sanft ohne Stimmton.","ipa-transcriptions":{papa:"/ˈpapa/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",mapa:"/ˈmapa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",pala:"/ˈpala/",bala:"/ˈbala/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",pata:"/ˈpata/",bata:"/ˈbata/",pino:"/ˈpino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",coba:"/ˈkoβa/",papel:"/paˈpel/",propio:"/ˈpɾopjo/",septiembre:"/sepˈtjembɾe/",explicar:"/ekspliˈkaɾ/",practicar:"/pɾaktiˈkaɾ/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",basa:"/ˈbasa/",pan:"/pan/","papá":"/paˈpa/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",piso:"/ˈpiso/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Oclusivas - /p/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"p",ipa:"/p/"}],tips:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",scripts:[{IPA:"/p/","native-letters-involved":"p","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pala","bala"],["peso","beso"],["pata","bata"],["pino","vino"],["copa","coba"]],"words-mispronounced":["papel","propio","septiembre","explicar","practicar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],"minimal-pairs":[{pala:"pala/bala"},{pasa:"pasa/basa"},{pata:"pata/bata"},{pino:"pino/vino"},{peso:"peso/beso"}],"anchor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"ancor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Junta los dos labios, bloquea el aire y suéltalo suavemente sin vibrar las cuerdas vocales.","ipa-transcriptions":{papa:"/ˈpapa/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",mapa:"/ˈmapa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",pala:"/ˈpala/",bala:"/ˈbala/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",pata:"/ˈpata/",bata:"/ˈbata/",pino:"/ˈpino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",coba:"/ˈkoβa/",papel:"/paˈpel/",propio:"/ˈpɾopjo/",septiembre:"/sepˈtjembɾe/",explicar:"/ekspliˈkaɾ/",practicar:"/pɾaktiˈkaɾ/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",basa:"/ˈbasa/",pan:"/pan/","papá":"/paˈpa/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",piso:"/ˈpiso/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Occlusives - /p/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"p",ipa:"/p/"}],tips:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/p/","native-letters-involved":"p","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pala","bala"],["peso","beso"],["pata","bata"],["pino","vino"],["copa","coba"]],"words-mispronounced":["papel","propio","septiembre","explicar","practicar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["papa","porte","soupe","papier","cap"],"minimal-pairs":[{pala:"pala/bala"},{pasa:"pasa/basa"},{pata:"pata/bata"},{pino:"pino/vino"},{peso:"peso/beso"}],"anchor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"ancor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Fermez les deux lèvres, bloquez l’air, puis relâchez-le doucement sans faire vibrer les cordes vocales.","ipa-transcriptions":{papa:"/ˈpapa/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",mapa:"/ˈmapa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",pala:"/ˈpala/",bala:"/ˈbala/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",pata:"/ˈpata/",bata:"/ˈbata/",pino:"/ˈpino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",coba:"/ˈkoβa/",papel:"/paˈpel/",propio:"/ˈpɾopjo/",septiembre:"/sepˈtjembɾe/",explicar:"/ekspliˈkaɾ/",practicar:"/pɾaktiˈkaɾ/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",basa:"/ˈbasa/",pan:"/pan/","papá":"/paˈpa/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",piso:"/ˈpiso/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Plosieven - /p/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"p",ipa:"/p/"}],tips:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",scripts:[{IPA:"/p/","native-letters-involved":"p","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pala","bala"],["peso","beso"],["pata","bata"],["pino","vino"],["copa","coba"]],"words-mispronounced":["papel","propio","septiembre","explicar","practicar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["pen","papa","soep","papier","kap"],"minimal-pairs":[{pala:"pala/bala"},{pasa:"pasa/basa"},{pata:"pata/bata"},{pino:"pino/vino"},{peso:"peso/beso"}],"anchor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"ancor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Sluit beide lippen, houd de lucht even tegen en laat die dan zacht los zonder stem.","ipa-transcriptions":{papa:"/ˈpapa/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",mapa:"/ˈmapa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",pala:"/ˈpala/",bala:"/ˈbala/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",pata:"/ˈpata/",bata:"/ˈbata/",pino:"/ˈpino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",coba:"/ˈkoβa/",papel:"/paˈpel/",propio:"/ˈpɾopjo/",septiembre:"/sepˈtjembɾe/",explicar:"/ekspliˈkaɾ/",practicar:"/pɾaktiˈkaɾ/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",basa:"/ˈbasa/",pan:"/pan/","papá":"/paˈpa/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",piso:"/ˈpiso/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Patlayıcılar - /p/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"p",ipa:"/p/"}

1],tips:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/p/","native-letters-involved":"p","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["papa","poco","sopa","mapa","capa"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pala","bala"],["peso","beso"],["pata","bata"],["pino","vino"],["copa","coba"]],"words-mispronounced":["papel","propio","septiembre","explicar","practicar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["para","papa","ip","kapı","top"],"minimal-pairs":[{pala:"pala/bala"},{pasa:"pasa/basa"},{pata:"pata/bata"},{pino:"pino/vino"},{peso:"peso/beso"}],"anchor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"ancor-words":["pan","papá","pelo","piso","sopa"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"İki dudağını kapat, havayı kısa süre tut ve ses tellerini titreştirmeden yumuşakça bırak.","ipa-transcriptions":{papa:"/ˈpapa/",poco:"/ˈpoko/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",mapa:"/ˈmapa/",capa:"/ˈkapa/",pala:"/ˈpala/",bala:"/ˈbala/",peso:"/ˈpeso/",beso:"/ˈbeso/",pata:"/ˈpata/",bata:"/ˈbata/",pino:"/ˈpino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",coba:"/ˈkoβa/",papel:"/paˈpel/",propio:"/ˈpɾopjo/",septiembre:"/sepˈtjembɾe/",explicar:"/ekspliˈkaɾ/",practicar:"/pɾaktiˈkaɾ/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",basa:"/ˈbasa/",pan:"/pan/","papá":"/paˈpa/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",piso:"/ˈpiso/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"8aa40379-7fd8-477d-91e9-8969e900ccd8"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-oclusivas-b",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b",ipa:"/b/"}],tips:{en:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",fr:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",es:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",nl:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",tr:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/b/","native-letters-involved":"b","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["barco","bebé","abuelo","saber","tambor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["boy","baby","book","table","cab"],de:["Ball","Bett","Buch","Abend","Liebe"],es:["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],fr:["beau","bébé","bon","table","robe"],nl:["bal","bed","boek","boter","heb"],tr:["bal","bebek","baba","bardak","kitap"]},"minimal-pairs":[{bala:"bala/pala"},{bata:"bata/pata"},{bota:"bota/gota"},{beso:"beso/peso"}],"anchor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"ancor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Close both lips, build a little air pressure, then release it with voice.",fr:"Fermez les deux lèvres, bloquez un peu l’air, puis relâchez avec la voix.",de:"Schließe beide Lippen, stau kurz die Luft und löse dann stimmhaft.",es:"Cierra los dos labios, acumula un poco de aire y suéltalo con voz.",nl:"Sluit beide lippen, houd de lucht heel even tegen en laat die stemhebbend los.",tr:"İki dudağını kapat, havayı kısa süre tut ve sesi kullanarak bırak."},"ipa-transcriptions":{barco:"/ˈbaɾ.ko/",boca:"/ˈbo.ka/","bebé":"/beˈβe/",abuelo:"/aˈβwe.lo/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",baca:"/ˈba.ka/",vaca:"/ˈba.ka/",bello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",vello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",rebelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",tambor:"/tamˈboɾ/",bala:"/ˈba.la/",pala:"/ˈpa.la/",bata:"/ˈba.ta/",pata:"/ˈpa.ta/",bota:"/ˈbo.ta/",gota:"/ˈɡo.ta/",beso:"/ˈbe.so/",peso:"/ˈpe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Plosives - /b/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b",ipa:"/b/"}],tips:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/b/","native-letters-involved":"b","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["barco","bebé","abuelo","saber","tambor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["boy","baby","book","table","cab"],"minimal-pairs":[{bala:"bala/pala"},{bata:"bata/pata"},{bota:"bota/gota"},{beso:"beso/peso"}],"anchor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"ancor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Close both lips, build a little air pressure, then release it with voice.","ipa-transcriptions":{barco:"/ˈbaɾ.ko/",boca:"/ˈbo.ka/","bebé":"/beˈβe/",abuelo:"/aˈβwe.lo/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",baca:"/ˈba.ka/",vaca:"/ˈba.ka/",bello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",vello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",rebelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",tambor:"/tamˈboɾ/",bala:"/ˈba.la/",pala:"/ˈpa.la/",bata:"/ˈba.ta/",pata:"/ˈpa.ta/",bota:"/ˈbo.ta/",gota:"/ˈɡo.ta/",beso:"/ˈbe.so/",peso:"/ˈpe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Plosive - /b/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b",ipa:"/b/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",scripts:[{IPA:"/b/","native-letters-involved":"b","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["barco","bebé","abuelo","saber","tambor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Ball","Bett","Buch","Abend","Liebe"],"minimal-pairs":[{bala:"bala/pala"},{bata:"bata/pata"},{bota:"bota/gota"},{beso:"beso/peso"}],"anchor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"ancor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Schließe beide Lippen, stau kurz die Luft und löse dann stimmhaft.","ipa-transcriptions":{barco:"/ˈbaɾ.ko/",boca:"/ˈbo.ka/","bebé":"/beˈβe/",abuelo:"/aˈβwe.lo/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",baca:"/ˈba.ka/",vaca:"/ˈba.ka/",bello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",vello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",rebelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",tambor:"/tamˈboɾ/",bala:"/ˈba.la/",pala:"/ˈpa.la/",bata:"/ˈba.ta/",pata:"/ˈpa.ta/",bota:"/ˈbo.ta/",gota:"/ˈɡo.ta/",beso:"/ˈbe.so/",peso:"/ˈpe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Oclusivas - /b/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b",ipa:"/b/"}],tips:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",scripts:[{IPA:"/b/","native-letters-involved":"b","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["barco","bebé","abuelo","saber","tambor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],"minimal-pairs":[{bala:"bala/pala"},{bata:"bata/pata"},{bota:"bota/gota"},{beso:"beso/peso"}],"anchor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"ancor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Cierra los dos labios, acumula un poco de aire y suéltalo con voz.","ipa-transcriptions":{barco:"/ˈbaɾ.ko/",boca:"/ˈbo.ka/","bebé":"/beˈβe/",abuelo:"/aˈβwe.lo/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",baca:"/ˈba.ka/",vaca:"/ˈba.ka/",bello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",vello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",rebelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",tambor:"/tamˈboɾ/",bala:"/ˈba.la/",pala:"/ˈpa.la/",bata:"/ˈba.ta/",pata:"/ˈpa.ta/",bota:"/ˈbo.ta/",gota:"/ˈɡo.ta/",beso:"/ˈbe.so/",peso:"/ˈpe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Occlusives - /b/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b",ipa:"/b/"}],tips:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/b/","native-letters-involved":"b","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["barco","bebé","abuelo","saber","tambor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["beau","bébé","bon","table","robe"],"minimal-pairs":[{bala:"bala/pala"},{bata:"bata/pata"},{bota:"bota/gota"},{beso:"beso/peso"}],"anchor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"ancor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Fermez les deux lèvres, bloquez un peu l’air, puis relâchez avec la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{barco:"/ˈbaɾ.ko/",boca:"/ˈbo.ka/","bebé":"/beˈβe/",abuelo:"/aˈβwe.lo/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",baca:"/ˈba.ka/",vaca:"/ˈba.ka/",bello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",vello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",rebelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",tambor:"/tamˈboɾ/",bala:"/ˈba.la/",pala:"/ˈpa.la/",bata:"/ˈba.ta/",pata:"/ˈpa.ta/",bota:"/ˈbo.ta/",gota:"/ˈɡo.ta/",beso:"/ˈbe.so/",peso:"/ˈpe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Plosieven - /b/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b",ipa:"/b/"}],tips:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",scripts:[{IPA:"/b/","native-letters-involved":"b","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["barco","bebé","abuelo","saber","tambor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["bal","bed","boek","boter","heb"],"minimal-pairs":[{bala:"bala/pala"},{bata:"bata/pata"},{bota:"bota/gota"},{beso:"beso/peso"}],"anchor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"ancor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Sluit beide lippen, houd de lucht heel even tegen en laat die stemhebbend los.","ipa-transcriptions":{barco:"/ˈbaɾ.ko/",boca:"/ˈbo.ka/","bebé":"/beˈβe/",abuelo:"/aˈβwe.lo/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",baca:"/ˈba.ka/",vaca:"/ˈba.ka/",bello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",vello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",rebelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",tambor:"/tamˈboɾ/",bala:"/ˈba.la/",pala:"/ˈpa.la/",bata:"/ˈba.ta/",pata:"/ˈpa.ta/",bota:"/ˈbo.ta/",gota:"/ˈɡo.ta/",beso:"/ˈbe.so/",peso:"/ˈpe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Patlayıcılar - /b/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b",ipa:"/b/"}

1],tips:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/b/","native-letters-involved":"b","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","saber"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["barco","bebé","abuelo","saber","tambor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["bal","bebek","baba","bardak","kitap"],"minimal-pairs":[{bala:"bala/pala"},{bata:"bata/pata"},{bota:"bota/gota"},{beso:"beso/peso"}],"anchor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"ancor-words":["barco","boca","bebé","abuelo","bueno"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"İki dudağını kapat, havayı kısa süre tut ve sesi kullanarak bırak.","ipa-transcriptions":{barco:"/ˈbaɾ.ko/",boca:"/ˈbo.ka/","bebé":"/beˈβe/",abuelo:"/aˈβwe.lo/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",baca:"/ˈba.ka/",vaca:"/ˈba.ka/",bello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",vello:"/ˈbe.ʝo/",rebelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/re.βeˈlaɾ/",tambor:"/tamˈboɾ/",bala:"/ˈba.la/",pala:"/ˈpa.la/",bata:"/ˈba.ta/",pata:"/ˈpa.ta/",bota:"/ˈbo.ta/",gota:"/ˈɡo.ta/",beso:"/ˈbe.so/",peso:"/ˈpe.so/",bueno:"/ˈbwe.no/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"25df03a7-65f3-4f2e-847e-bff230c5691d"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-oclusivas-t",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"t",ipa:"/t/"}],tips:{en:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",fr:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",es:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",nl:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",tr:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/t/","native-letters-involved":"t","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["taza","casa"],["tela","dela"],["tomo","domo"],["pata","pada"]],"words-mispronounced":["taza","tomate","estación","atleta","hospital"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["top","time","water","stop","table"],de:["Tag","Tasse","bitte","Mitte","Stadt"],es:["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],fr:["table","tôt","vite","moto","parti"],nl:["tak","tafel","water","kat","stad"],tr:["tabak","tatil","at","otel","saat"]},"minimal-pairs":[{tasa:"tasa/casa"},{tela:"tela/dela"},{tomo:"tomo/domo"},{pata:"pata/pasa"},{tino:"tino/fino"}],"anchor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"ancor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the tip of your tongue against the ridge behind your upper teeth, stop the air, then release it without using your voice.",fr:"Place le bout de la langue contre la zone derrière les dents du haut, bloque l’air, puis relâche sans faire vibrer la voix.",de:"Lege die Zungenspitze an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen, halte die Luft kurz an und löse sie ohne Stimme.",es:"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba, bloquea el aire y suéltalo sin vibrar las cuerdas vocales.",nl:"Zet het puntje van je tong tegen de rand achter je boventanden, houd de lucht even tegen en laat los zonder stem.",tr:"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin arkasına koy, havayı kısa süre tut ve sesi titreştirmeden bırak."},"ipa-transcriptions":{taza:"/ˈtasa/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",pato:"/ˈpato/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",dela:"/ˈdela/",tomo:"/ˈtomo/",domo:"/ˈdomo/",pata:"/ˈpata/",pada:"/ˈpada/","estación":"/es.taˈθjon/",atleta:"/aˈtleta/",hospital:"/ospiˈtal/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",tino:"/ˈtino/",fino:"/ˈfino/",tren:"/tɾen/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Plosives - /t/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"t",ipa:"/t/"}],tips:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/t/","native-letters-involved":"t","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["taza","casa"],["tela","dela"],["tomo","domo"],["pata","pada"]],"words-mispronounced":["taza","tomate","estación","atleta","hospital"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["top","time","water","stop","table"],"minimal-pairs":[{tasa:"tasa/casa"},{tela:"tela/dela"},{tomo:"tomo/domo"},{pata:"pata/pasa"},{tino:"tino/fino"}],"anchor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"ancor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the tip of your tongue against the ridge behind your upper teeth, stop the air, then release it without using your voice.","ipa-transcriptions":{taza:"/ˈtasa/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",pato:"/ˈpato/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",dela:"/ˈdela/",tomo:"/ˈtomo/",domo:"/ˈdomo/",pata:"/ˈpata/",pada:"/ˈpada/","estación":"/es.taˈθjon/",atleta:"/aˈtleta/",hospital:"/ospiˈtal/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",tino:"/ˈtino/",fino:"/ˈfino/",tren:"/tɾen/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Plosive - /t/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"t",ipa:"/t/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",scripts:[{IPA:"/t/","native-letters-involved":"t","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["taza","casa"],["tela","dela"],["tomo","domo"],["pata","pada"]],"words-mispronounced":["taza","tomate","estación","atleta","hospital"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Tag","Tasse","bitte","Mitte","Stadt"],"minimal-pairs":[{tasa:"tasa/casa"},{tela:"tela/dela"},{tomo:"tomo/domo"},{pata:"pata/pasa"},{tino:"tino/fino"}],"anchor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"ancor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zungenspitze an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen, halte die Luft kurz an und löse sie ohne Stimme.","ipa-transcriptions":{taza:"/ˈtasa/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",pato:"/ˈpato/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",dela:"/ˈdela/",tomo:"/ˈtomo/",domo:"/ˈdomo/",pata:"/ˈpata/",pada:"/ˈpada/","estación":"/es.taˈθjon/",atleta:"/aˈtleta/",hospital:"/ospiˈtal/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",tino:"/ˈtino/",fino:"/ˈfino/",tren:"/tɾen/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Oclusivas - /t/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"t",ipa:"/t/"}],tips:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",scripts:[{IPA:"/t/","native-letters-involved":"t","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["taza","casa"],["tela","dela"],["tomo","domo"],["pata","pada"]],"words-mispronounced":["taza","tomate","estación","atleta","hospital"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],"minimal-pairs":[{tasa:"tasa/casa"},{tela:"tela/dela"},{tomo:"tomo/domo"},{pata:"pata/pasa"},{tino:"tino/fino"}],"anchor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"ancor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba, bloquea el aire y suéltalo sin vibrar las cuerdas vocales.","ipa-transcriptions":{taza:"/ˈtasa/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",pato:"/ˈpato/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",dela:"/ˈdela/",tomo:"/ˈtomo/",domo:"/ˈdomo/",pata:"/ˈpata/",pada:"/ˈpada/","estación":"/es.taˈθjon/",atleta:"/aˈtleta/",hospital:"/ospiˈtal/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",tino:"/ˈtino/",fino:"/ˈfino/",tren:"/tɾen/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Occlusives - /t/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"t",ipa:"/t/"}],tips:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/t/","native-letters-involved":"t","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["taza","casa"],["tela","dela"],["tomo","domo"],["pata","pada"]],"words-mispronounced":["taza","tomate","estación","atleta","hospital"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["table","tôt","vite","moto","parti"],"minimal-pairs":[{tasa:"tasa/casa"},{tela:"tela/dela"},{tomo:"tomo/domo"},{pata:"pata/pasa"},{tino:"tino/fino"}],"anchor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"ancor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Place le bout de la langue contre la zone derrière les dents du haut, bloque l’air, puis relâche sans faire vibrer la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{taza:"/ˈtasa/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",pato:"/ˈpato/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",dela:"/ˈdela/",tomo:"/ˈtomo/",domo:"/ˈdomo/",pata:"/ˈpata/",pada:"/ˈpada/","estación":"/es.taˈθjon/",atleta:"/aˈtleta/",hospital:"/ospiˈtal/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",tino:"/ˈtino/",fino:"/ˈfino/",tren:"/tɾen/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Plosieven - /t/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"t",ipa:"/t/"}],tips:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",scripts:[{IPA:"/t/","native-letters-involved":"t","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["taza","casa"],["tela","dela"],["tomo","domo"],["pata","pada"]],"words-mispronounced":["taza","tomate","estación","atleta","hospital"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["tak","tafel","water","kat","stad"],"minimal-pairs":[{tasa:"tasa/casa"},{tela:"tela/dela"},{tomo:"tomo/domo"},{pata:"pata/pasa"},{tino:"tino/fino"}],"anchor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"ancor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet het puntje van je tong tegen de rand achter je boventanden, houd de lucht even tegen en laat los zonder stem.","ipa-transcriptions":{taza:"/ˈtasa/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",pato:"/ˈpato/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",dela:"/ˈdela/",tomo:"/ˈtomo/",domo:"/ˈdomo/",pata:"/ˈpata/",pada:"/ˈpada/","estación":"/es.taˈθjon/",atleta:"/aˈtleta/",hospital:"/ospiˈtal/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",tino:"/ˈtino/",fino:"/ˈfino/",tren:"/tɾen/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Patlayıcılar - /t/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"t",ipa:"/t/"}

1],tips:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/t/","native-letters-involved":"t","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["taza","tarde","tomate","pato","gato"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["taza","casa"],["tela","dela"],["tomo","domo"],["pata","pada"]],"words-mispronounced":["taza","tomate","estación","atleta","hospital"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["tabak","tatil","at","otel","saat"],"minimal-pairs":[{tasa:"tasa/casa"},{tela:"tela/dela"},{tomo:"tomo/domo"},{pata:"pata/pasa"},{tino:"tino/fino"}],"anchor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"ancor-words":["taza","tren","tarde","tomate","pato"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin arkasına koy, havayı kısa süre tut ve sesi titreştirmeden bırak.","ipa-transcriptions":{taza:"/ˈtasa/",tarde:"/ˈtaɾðe/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",pato:"/ˈpato/",gato:"/ˈɡato/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",dela:"/ˈdela/",tomo:"/ˈtomo/",domo:"/ˈdomo/",pata:"/ˈpata/",pada:"/ˈpada/","estación":"/es.taˈθjon/",atleta:"/aˈtleta/",hospital:"/ospiˈtal/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",tino:"/ˈtino/",fino:"/ˈfino/",tren:"/tɾen/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"ce3b1f91-2f9a-4b20-acb4-b92cb2a01f25"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-oclusivas-d",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d",ipa:"/d/"}],tips:{en:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",fr:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",es:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",nl:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",tr:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/d/","native-letters-involved":"d","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["dado","dato"],["nido","nito"],["modo","moto"],["cada","cata"],["seda","seta"]],"words-mispronounced":["dedo","duda","nido","modo","cada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["dog","day","ladder","middle","red"],de:["dann","Dose","reden","Laden","Bruder"],es:["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],fr:["deux","dame","aider","radio","rideau"],nl:["dag","doen","rode","midden","ader"],tr:["dede","dil","oda","kedi","adım"]},"minimal-pairs":[{dado:"dado/dato"},{nido:"nido/nito"},{modo:"modo/moto"},{cada:"cada/cata"},{seda:"seda/seta"}],"anchor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"ancor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the tip of your tongue against the ridge behind your upper teeth and let the voice vibrate as you release a soft /d/.",fr:"Place le bout de la langue contre la zone derrière les dents du haut et fais vibrer la voix en relâchant un /d/ doux.",de:"Lege die Zungenspitze an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen und lass die Stimme mitschwingen, wenn du ein weiches /d/ löst.",es:"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja salir un /d/ suave con vibración de la voz.",nl:"Zet het puntje van je tong tegen de rand achter je boventanden en laat je stem trillen bij een zachte /d/.",tr:"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin arkasındaki bölgeye koy ve sesi titreştirerek yumuşak bir /d/ çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{dedo:"/ˈdeðo/",dado:"/ˈdaðo/",duda:"/ˈduða/",nido:"/ˈniðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",dato:"/ˈdato/",nito:"/ˈnito/",moto:"/ˈmoto/",cada:"/ˈkaða/",cata:"/ˈkata/",seda:"/ˈseða/",seta:"/ˈseta/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Plosives - /d/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d",ipa:"/d/"}],tips:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/d/","native-letters-involved":"d","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["dado","dato"],["nido","nito"],["modo","moto"],["cada","cata"],["seda","seta"]],"words-mispronounced":["dedo","duda","nido","modo","cada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["dog","day","ladder","middle","red"],"minimal-pairs":[{dado:"dado/dato"},{nido:"nido/nito"},{modo:"modo/moto"},{cada:"cada/cata"},{seda:"seda/seta"}],"anchor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"ancor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the tip of your tongue against the ridge behind your upper teeth and let the voice vibrate as you release a soft /d/.","ipa-transcriptions":{dedo:"/ˈdeðo/",dado:"/ˈdaðo/",duda:"/ˈduða/",nido:"/ˈniðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",dato:"/ˈdato/",nito:"/ˈnito/",moto:"/ˈmoto/",cada:"/ˈkaða/",cata:"/ˈkata/",seda:"/ˈseða/",seta:"/ˈseta/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Plosive - /d/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d",ipa:"/d/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",scripts:[{IPA:"/d/","native-letters-involved":"d","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["dado","dato"],["nido","nito"],["modo","moto"],["cada","cata"],["seda","seta"]],"words-mispronounced":["dedo","duda","nido","modo","cada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["dann","Dose","reden","Laden","Bruder"],"minimal-pairs":[{dado:"dado/dato"},{nido:"nido/nito"},{modo:"modo/moto"},{cada:"cada/cata"},{seda:"seda/seta"}],"anchor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"ancor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zungenspitze an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen und lass die Stimme mitschwingen, wenn du ein weic

1hes /d/ löst.","ipa-transcriptions":{dedo:"/ˈdeðo/",dado:"/ˈdaðo/",duda:"/ˈduða/",nido:"/ˈniðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",dato:"/ˈdato/",nito:"/ˈnito/",moto:"/ˈmoto/",cada:"/ˈkaða/",cata:"/ˈkata/",seda:"/ˈseða/",seta:"/ˈseta/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Oclusivas - /d/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d",ipa:"/d/"}],tips:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",scripts:[{IPA:"/d/","native-letters-involved":"d","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["dado","dato"],["nido","nito"],["modo","moto"],["cada","cata"],["seda","seta"]],"words-mispronounced":["dedo","duda","nido","modo","cada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],"minimal-pairs":[{dado:"dado/dato"},{nido:"nido/nito"},{modo:"modo/moto"},{cada:"cada/cata"},{seda:"seda/seta"}],"anchor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"ancor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja salir un /d/ suave con vibración de la voz.","ipa-transcriptions":{dedo:"/ˈdeðo/",dado:"/ˈdaðo/",duda:"/ˈduða/",nido:"/ˈniðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",dato:"/ˈdato/",nito:"/ˈnito/",moto:"/ˈmoto/",cada:"/ˈkaða/",cata:"/ˈkata/",seda:"/ˈseða/",seta:"/ˈseta/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Occlusives - /d/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d",ipa:"/d/"}],tips:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/d/","native-letters-involved":"d","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["dado","dato"],["nido","nito"],["modo","moto"],["cada","cata"],["seda","seta"]],"words-mispronounced":["dedo","duda","nido","modo","cada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["deux","dame","aider","radio","rideau"],"minimal-pairs":[{dado:"dado/dato"},{nido:"nido/nito"},{modo:"modo/moto"},{cada:"cada/cata"},{seda:"seda/seta"}],"anchor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"ancor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Place le bout de la langue contre la zone derrière les dents du haut et fais vibrer la voix en relâchant un /d/ doux.","ipa-transcriptions":{dedo:"/ˈdeðo/",dado:"/ˈdaðo/",duda:"/ˈduða/",nido:"/ˈniðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",dato:"/ˈdato/",nito:"/ˈnito/",moto:"/ˈmoto/",cada:"/ˈkaða/",cata:"/ˈkata/",seda:"/ˈseða/",seta:"/ˈseta/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Plosieven - /d/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d",ipa:"/d/"}],tips:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",scripts:[{IPA:"/d/","native-letters-involved":"d","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["dado","dato"],["nido","nito"],["modo","moto"],["cada","cata"],["seda","seta"]],"words-mispronounced":["dedo","duda","nido","modo","cada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["dag","doen","rode","midden","ader"],"minimal-pairs":[{dado:"dado/dato"},{nido:"nido/nito"},{modo:"modo/moto"},{cada:"cada/cata"},{seda:"seda/seta"}],"anchor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"ancor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet het puntje van je tong tegen de rand achter je boventanden en laat je stem trillen bij een zachte /d/.","ipa-transcriptions":{dedo:"/ˈdeðo/",dado:"/ˈdaðo/",duda:"/ˈduða/",nido:"/ˈniðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",dato:"/ˈdato/",nito:"/ˈnito/",moto:"/ˈmoto/",cada:"/ˈkaða/",cata:"/ˈkata/",seda:"/ˈseða/",seta:"/ˈseta/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Patlayıcılar - /d/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d",ipa:"/d/"}],tips:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/d/","native-letters-involved":"d","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","modo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["dado","dato"],["nido","nito"],["modo","moto"],["cada","cata"],["seda","seta"]],"words-mispronounced":["dedo","duda","nido","modo","cada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["dede","dil","oda","kedi","adım"],"minimal-pairs":[{dado:"dado/dato"},{nido:"nido/nito"},{modo:"modo/moto"},{cada:"cada/cata"},{seda:"seda/seta"}],"anchor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"ancor-words":["dedo","dado","duda","nido","cada"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin arkasındaki bölgeye koy ve sesi titreştirerek yumuşak bir /d/ çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{dedo:"/ˈdeðo/",dado:"/ˈdaðo/",duda:"/ˈduða/",nido:"/ˈniðo/",modo:"/ˈmoðo/",dato:"/ˈdato/",nito:"/ˈnito/",moto:"/ˈmoto/",cada:"/ˈkaða/",cata:"/ˈkata/",seda:"/ˈseða/",seta:"/ˈseta/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"504074b9-27b3-44f0-8a19-3b814e4cca96"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-oclusivas-k",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"k",ipa:"/k/"}],tips:{en:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",fr:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",es:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",nl:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",tr:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten s

1onra temizce bırakın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/k/","native-letters-involved":"k","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["kilo","koala","karaoke","kiosco","kayak"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["kilo","giro"],["kiosco","cosco"],["koala","cola"],["karaoke","karate"],["kayak","yak"]],"words-mispronounced":["kilo","kiosco","karaoke","koala","kayak"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["cat","key","cold","back","school"],de:["Kaffee","Kind","kommen","Backe","Klasse"],es:["casa","queso","kilo","poco","boca"],fr:["car","qui","code","sac","classe"],nl:["kat","kind","koud","bak","klas"],tr:["kapı","kedi","kol","okul","arka"]},"minimal-pairs":[{kilo:"kilo/hilo"},{cama:"cama/gama"},{coro:"coro/gorro"},{casa:"casa/caza"},{copa:"copa/topa"}],"anchor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"ancor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Touch the back of your tongue to the soft palate, stop the air, then release it without using your voice.",fr:"Touchez le voile du palais avec l’arrière de la langue, bloquez l’air, puis relâchez sans faire vibrer la voix.",de:"Berühre mit dem Zungenrücken den weichen Gaumen, halte die Luft kurz an und löse sie ohne Stimme.",es:"Toca con la parte de atrás de la lengua el velo del paladar, bloquea el aire y suéltalo sin vibrar las cuerdas vocales.",nl:"Raak met de achterkant van je tong het zachte gehemelte aan, houd de lucht even tegen en laat los zonder stem.",tr:"Dilinin arkasını yumuşak damağa değdir, havayı kısa süre tut ve sesi titreştirmeden bırak."},"ipa-transcriptions":{kilo:"/ˈkilo/",koala:"/koˈala/",karaoke:"/kaɾaˈoke/",kiosco:"/ˈkjosko/",kayak:"/kaˈʝak/",giro:"/ˈxiɾo/",cosco:"/ˈkosko/",cola:"/ˈkola/",karate:"/kaɾaˈte/",yak:"/ʝak/",cama:"/ˈkama/",gama:"/ˈɡama/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",gorro:"/ˈɡoro/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",hilo:"/ˈilo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Plosives - /k/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"k",ipa:"/k/"}],tips:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/k/","native-letters-involved":"k","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["kilo","koala","karaoke","kiosco","kayak"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["kilo","giro"],["kiosco","cosco"],["koala","cola"],["karaoke","karate"],["kayak","yak"]],"words-mispronounced":["kilo","kiosco","karaoke","koala","kayak"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["cat","key","cold","back","school"],"minimal-pairs":[{kilo:"kilo/hilo"},{cama:"cama/gama"},{coro:"coro/gorro"},{casa:"casa/caza"},{copa:"copa/topa"}],"anchor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"ancor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Touch the back of your tongue to the soft palate, stop the air, then release it without using your voice.","ipa-transcriptions":{kilo:"/ˈkilo/",koala:"/koˈala/",karaoke:"/kaɾaˈoke/",kiosco:"/ˈkjosko/",kayak:"/kaˈʝak/",giro:"/ˈxiɾo/",cosco:"/ˈkosko/",cola:"/ˈkola/",karate:"/kaɾaˈte/",yak:"/ʝak/",cama:"/ˈkama/",gama:"/ˈɡama/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",gorro:"/ˈɡoro/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",hilo:"/ˈilo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Plosive - /k/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"k",ipa:"/k/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",scripts:[{IPA:"/k/","native-letters-involved":"k","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["kilo","koala","karaoke","kiosco","kayak"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["kilo","giro"],["kiosco","cosco"],["koala","cola"],["karaoke","karate"],["kayak","yak"]],"words-mispronounced":["kilo","kiosco","karaoke","koala","kayak"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Kaffee","Kind","kommen","Backe","Klasse"],"minimal-pairs":[{kilo:"kilo/hilo"},{cama:"cama/gama"},{coro:"coro/gorro"},{casa:"casa/caza"},{copa:"copa/topa"}],"anchor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"ancor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Berühre mit dem Zungenrücken den weichen Gaumen, halte die Luft kurz an und löse sie ohne Stimme.","ipa-transcriptions":{kilo:"/ˈkilo/",koala:"/koˈala/",karaoke:"/kaɾaˈoke/",kiosco:"/ˈkjosko/",kayak:"/kaˈʝak/",giro:"/ˈxiɾo/",cosco:"/ˈkosko/",cola:"/ˈkola/",karate:"/kaɾaˈte/",yak:"/ʝak/",cama:"/ˈkama/",gama:"/ˈɡama/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",gorro:"/ˈɡoro/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",hilo:"/ˈilo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Oclusivas - /k/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"k",ipa:"/k/"}],tips:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",scripts:[{IPA:"/k/","native-letters-involved":"k","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["kilo","koala","karaoke","kiosco","kayak"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["kilo","giro"],["kiosco","cosco"],["koala","cola"],["karaoke","karate"],["kayak","yak"]],"words-mispronounced":["kilo","kiosco","karaoke","koala","kayak"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["casa","queso","kilo","poco","boca"],"minimal-pairs":[{kilo:"kilo/hilo"},{cama:"cama/gama"},{coro:"coro/gorro"},{casa:"casa/caza"},{copa:"copa/topa"}],"anchor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"ancor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Toca con la parte de atrás de la lengua el velo del paladar, bloquea el aire y suéltalo sin vibrar las cuerdas vocales.","ipa-transcriptions":{kilo:"/ˈkilo/",koala:"/koˈala/",karaoke:"/kaɾaˈoke/",kiosco:"/ˈkjosko/",kayak:"/kaˈʝak/",giro:"/ˈxiɾo/",cosco:"/ˈkosko/",cola:"/ˈkola/",karate:"/kaɾaˈte/",yak:"/ʝak/",cama:"/ˈkama/",gama:"/ˈɡama/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",gorro:"/ˈɡoro/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",hilo:"/ˈilo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Occlusives - /k/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"k",ipa:"/k/"}],tips:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/k/","native-letters-involved":"k","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["kilo","koala","karaoke","kiosco","kayak"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["kilo","giro"],["kiosco","cosco"],["koala","cola"],["karaoke","karate"],["kayak","yak"]],"words-mispronounced":["kilo","kiosco","karaoke","koala","kayak"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["car","qui","code","sac","classe"],"minimal-pairs":[{kilo:"kilo/hilo"},{cama:"cama/gama"},{coro:"coro/gorro"},{casa:"casa/caza"},{copa:"copa/topa"}],"anchor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"ancor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Touchez le voile du palais avec l’arrière de la langue, bloquez l’air, puis relâchez sans faire vibrer la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{kilo:"/ˈkilo/",koala:"/koˈala/",karaoke:"/kaɾaˈoke/",kiosco:"/ˈkjosko/",kayak:"/kaˈʝak/",giro:"/ˈxiɾo/",cosco:"/ˈkosko/",cola:"/ˈkola/",karate:"/kaɾaˈte/",yak:"/ʝak/",cama:"/ˈkama/",gama:"/ˈɡama/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",gorro:"/ˈɡoro/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",hilo:"/ˈilo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Plosieven - /k/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"k",ipa:"/k/"}],tips:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",scripts:[{IPA:"/k/","native-letters-involved":"k","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["kilo","koala","karaoke","kiosco","kayak"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["kilo","giro"],["kiosco","cosco"],["koala","cola"],["karaoke","karate"],["kayak","yak"]],"words-mispronounced":["kilo","kiosco","karaoke","koala","kayak"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["kat","kind","koud","bak","klas"],"minimal-pairs":[{kilo:"kilo/hilo"},{cama:"cama/gama"},{coro:"coro/gorro"},{casa:"casa/caza"},{copa:"copa/topa"}],"anchor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"ancor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Raak met de achterkant van je tong het zachte gehemelte aan, houd de lucht even tegen en laat los zonder stem.","ipa-transcriptions":{kilo:"/ˈkilo/",koala:"/koˈala/",karaoke:"/kaɾaˈoke/",kiosco:"/ˈkjosko/",kayak:"/kaˈʝak/",giro:"/ˈxiɾo/",cosco:"/ˈkosko/",cola:"/ˈkola/",karate:"/kaɾaˈte/",yak:"/ʝak/",cama:"/ˈkama/",gama:"/ˈɡama/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",gorro:"/ˈɡoro/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",hilo:"/ˈilo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Patlayıcılar - /k/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"k",ipa:"/k/"}

1],tips:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/k/","native-letters-involved":"k","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["kilo","koala","karaoke","kiosco","kayak"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["kilo","giro"],["kiosco","cosco"],["koala","cola"],["karaoke","karate"],["kayak","yak"]],"words-mispronounced":["kilo","kiosco","karaoke","koala","kayak"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["kapı","kedi","kol","okul","arka"],"minimal-pairs":[{kilo:"kilo/hilo"},{cama:"cama/gama"},{coro:"coro/gorro"},{casa:"casa/caza"},{copa:"copa/topa"}],"anchor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"ancor-words":["kilo","kiosco","koala","karaoke","kayak"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dilinin arkasını yumuşak damağa değdir, havayı kısa süre tut ve sesi titreştirmeden bırak.","ipa-transcriptions":{kilo:"/ˈkilo/",koala:"/koˈala/",karaoke:"/kaɾaˈoke/",kiosco:"/ˈkjosko/",kayak:"/kaˈʝak/",giro:"/ˈxiɾo/",cosco:"/ˈkosko/",cola:"/ˈkola/",karate:"/kaɾaˈte/",yak:"/ʝak/",cama:"/ˈkama/",gama:"/ˈɡama/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",gorro:"/ˈɡoro/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",hilo:"/ˈilo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"2595bfd5-4463-4460-9e2c-edd000d0482a"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-oclusivas-g",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g",ipa:"/g/"}],tips:{en:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",fr:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",es:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",nl:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",tr:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/g/","native-letters-involved":"g","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["gato","goma","gafas","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["gato","cato"],["goma","coma"],["gana","cana"],["pagar","pecar"],["lago","laco"]],"words-mispronounced":["guitarra","guerra","pagar","amigo","gafas"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in English.",de:["gut","Gabel","geben","Tag","Auge"],es:["gato","goma","amigo","pagar","lago"],fr:["gare","gomme","guitare","wagon","bague"],nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede yoktur."},"minimal-pairs":[{gato:"gato/cato"},{goma:"goma/coma"},{gana:"gana/cana"},{gala:"gala/cala"},{gasa:"gasa/casa"}],"anchor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"ancor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Touch the back of your tongue to the soft palate and release with voice.",fr:"Touchez le voile du palais avec l’arrière de la langue, puis relâchez en faisant vibrer la voix.",de:"Berühre mit dem Zungenrücken den weichen Gaumen und löse mit Stimme.",es:"Toca con la parte de atrás de la lengua el velo del paladar y suelta el aire con voz.",nl:"Raak met de achterkant van je tong het zachte gehemelte aan en laat los met stem.",tr:"Dilin arka kısmını yumuşak damağa değdir ve sesi titreştirerek bırak."},"ipa-transcriptions":{gato:"/ˈɡato/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",gafas:"/ˈɡafas/",amigo:"/aˈmiɡo/",pagar:"/paˈɡaɾ/",cato:"/ˈkato/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lago:"/ˈlaɡo/",laco:"/ˈlako/",guitarra:"/ɡiˈtara/",guerra:"/ˈɡera/",gala:"/ˈɡala/",cala:"/ˈkala/",gasa:"/ˈɡasa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Plosives - /g/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g",ipa:"/g/"}],tips:"Release the air cleanly after blocking it with your lips or tongue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/g/","native-letters-involved":"g","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["gato","goma","gafas","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["gato","cato"],["goma","coma"],["gana","cana"],["pagar","pecar"],["lago","laco"]],"words-mispronounced":["guitarra","guerra","pagar","amigo","gafas"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in English.","minimal-pairs":[{gato:"gato/cato"},{goma:"goma/coma"},{gana:"gana/cana"},{gala:"gala/cala"},{gasa:"gasa/casa"}],"anchor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"ancor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Touch the back of your tongue to the soft palate and release with voice.","ipa-transcriptions":{gato:"/ˈɡato/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",gafas:"/ˈɡafas/",amigo:"/aˈmiɡo/",pagar:"/paˈɡaɾ/",cato:"/ˈkato/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lago:"/ˈlaɡo/",laco:"/ˈlako/",guitarra:"/ɡiˈtara/",guerra:"/ˈɡera/",gala:"/ˈɡala/",cala:"/ˈkala/",gasa:"/ˈɡasa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Plosive - /g/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g",ipa:"/g/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft sauber entweichen, nachdem Sie sie mit Lippen oder Zunge blockiert haben.",scripts:[{IPA:"/g/","native-letters-involved":"g","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["gato","goma","gafas","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["gato","cato"],["goma","coma"],["gana","cana"],["pagar","pecar"],["lago","laco"]],"words-mispronounced":["guitarra","guerra","pagar","amigo","gafas"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["gut","Gabel","geben","Tag","Auge"],"minimal-pairs":[{gato:"gato/cato"},{goma:"goma/coma"},{gana:"gana/cana"},{gala:"gala/cala"},{gasa:"gasa/casa"}],"anchor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"ancor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Berühre mit dem Zungenrücken den weichen Gaumen und löse mit Stimme.","ipa-transcriptions":{gato:"/ˈɡato/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",gafas:"/ˈɡafas/",amigo:"/aˈmiɡo/",pagar:"/paˈɡaɾ/",cato:"/ˈkato/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lago:"/ˈlaɡo/",laco:"/ˈlako/",guitarra:"/ɡiˈtara/",guerra:"/ˈɡera/",gala:"/ˈɡala/",cala:"/ˈkala/",gasa:"/ˈɡasa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Oclusivas - /g/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g",ipa:"/g/"}],tips:"Libera el aire limpiamente tras bloquearlo con los labios o la lengua.",scripts:[{IPA:"/g/","native-letters-involved":"g","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["gato","goma","gafas","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["gato","cato"],["goma","coma"],["gana","cana"],["pagar","pecar"],["lago","laco"]],"words-mispronounced":["guitarra","guerra","pagar","amigo","gafas"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["gato","goma","amigo","pagar","lago"],"minimal-pairs":[{gato:"gato/cato"},{goma:"goma/coma"},{gana:"gana/cana"},{gala:"gala/cala"},{gasa:"gasa/casa"}],"anchor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"ancor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Toca con la parte de atrás de la lengua el velo del paladar y suelta el aire con voz.","ipa-transcriptions":{gato:"/ˈɡato/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",gafas:"/ˈɡafas/",amigo:"/aˈmiɡo/",pagar:"/paˈɡaɾ/",cato:"/ˈkato/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lago:"/ˈlaɡo/",laco:"/ˈlako/",guitarra:"/ɡiˈtara/",guerra:"/ˈɡera/",gala:"/ˈɡala/",cala:"/ˈkala/",gasa:"/ˈɡasa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Occlusives - /g/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g",ipa:"/g/"}],tips:"Relâchez l'air proprement après l'avoir bloqué avec les lèvres ou la langue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/g/","native-letters-involved":"g","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["gato","goma","gafas","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["gato","cato"],["goma","coma"],["gana","cana"],["pagar","pecar"],["lago","laco"]],"words-mispronounced":["guitarra","guerra","pagar","amigo","gafas"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["gare","gomme","guitare","wagon","bague"],"minimal-pairs":[{gato:"gato/cato"},{goma:"goma/coma"},{gana:"gana/cana"},{gala:"gala/cala"},{gasa:"gasa/casa"}],"anchor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"ancor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Touchez le voile du palais avec l’arrière de la langue, puis relâchez en faisant vibrer la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{gato:"/ˈɡato/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",gafas:"/ˈɡafas/",amigo:"/aˈmiɡo/",pagar:"/paˈɡaɾ/",cato:"/ˈkato/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lago:"/ˈlaɡo/",laco:"/ˈlako/",guitarra:"/ɡiˈtara/",guerra:"/ˈɡera/",gala:"/ˈɡala/",cala:"/ˈkala/",gasa:"/ˈɡasa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Plosieven - /g/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g",ipa:"/g/"}],tips:"Laat de lucht schoon ontsnappen na het blokkeren met lippen of tong.",scripts:[{IPA:"/g/","native-letters-involved":"g","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["gato","goma","gafas","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["gato","cato"],["goma","coma"],["gana","cana"],["pagar","pecar"],["lago","laco"]],"words-mispronounced":["guitarra","guerra","pagar","amigo","gafas"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{gato:"gato/cato"},{goma:"goma/coma"},{gana:"gana/cana"},{gala:"gala/cala"},{gasa:"gasa/casa"}],"anchor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"ancor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Raak met de achterkant van je tong het zachte gehemelte aan en laat los met stem.","ipa-transcriptions":{gato:"/ˈɡato/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",gafas:"/ˈɡafas/",amigo:"/aˈmiɡo/",pagar:"/paˈɡaɾ/",cato:"/ˈkato/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lago:"/ˈlaɡo/",laco:"/ˈlako/",guitarra:"/ɡiˈtara/",guerra:"/ˈɡera/",gala:"/ˈɡala/",cala:"/ˈkala/",gasa:"/ˈɡasa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Patlayıcılar - /g/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g",ipa:"/g/"}

1],tips:"Havayı dudaklarınız veya dilinizle engelledikten sonra temizce bırakın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/g/","native-letters-involved":"g","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["gato","goma","gafas","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["gato","cato"],["goma","coma"],["gana","cana"],["pagar","pecar"],["lago","laco"]],"words-mispronounced":["guitarra","guerra","pagar","amigo","gafas"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede yoktur.","minimal-pairs":[{gato:"gato/cato"},{goma:"goma/coma"},{gana:"gana/cana"},{gala:"gala/cala"},{gasa:"gasa/casa"}],"anchor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"ancor-words":["gato","goma","amigo","lago","pagar"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dilin arka kısmını yumuşak damağa değdir ve sesi titreştirerek bırak.","ipa-transcriptions":{gato:"/ˈɡato/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",gafas:"/ˈɡafas/",amigo:"/aˈmiɡo/",pagar:"/paˈɡaɾ/",cato:"/ˈkato/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lago:"/ˈlaɡo/",laco:"/ˈlako/",guitarra:"/ɡiˈtara/",guerra:"/ˈɡera/",gala:"/ˈɡala/",cala:"/ˈkala/",gasa:"/ˈɡasa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"4746d1ed-cf6f-4f55-af90-210d66814c43"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-fricativas-f",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"f",ipa:"/f/"}],tips:{en:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",es:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",nl:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",tr:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/f/","native-letters-involved":"f","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["foca","poca"],["fino","vino"],["café","cabe"],["fase","base"],["faro","caro"]],"words-mispronounced":["fútbol","jefe","café","sofá","difícil"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["fish","family","coffee","phone","safe"],de:["fisch","familie","kaffee","foto","offen"],es:["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],fr:["fille","famille","café","photo","neuf"],nl:["fiets","familie","koffie","foto","lief"],tr:["fikir","fotoğraf","kahve","sınıf","ofis"]},"minimal-pairs":[{fin:"fin/bin"},{fe:"fe/fue"},{fase:"fase/base"},{fino:"fino/vino"},{foca:"foca/poca"}],"anchor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"ancor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put your top teeth lightly on your lower lip and let the air pass out continuously without using your voice.",fr:"Pose légèrement les dents du haut sur la lèvre du bas et laisse passer l’air sans faire vibrer la voix.",de:"Lege die oberen Zähne leicht auf die Unterlippe und lasse die Luft ohne Stimme ausströmen.",es:"Apoya suavemente los dientes de arriba sobre el labio inferior y deja salir el aire sin vibrar la voz.",nl:"Zet je boventanden zacht op je onderlip en laat de lucht zonder stem naar buiten gaan.",tr:"Üst dişlerini alt dudağına hafifçe koy ve sesi titreştirmeden havayı dışarı ver."},"ipa-transcriptions":{foto:"/ˈfoto/",familia:"/faˈmilja/","café":"/kaˈfe/","fácil":"/ˈfaθil/","sofá":"/soˈfa/",foca:"/ˈfoka/",poca:"/ˈpoka/",fino:"/ˈfino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",cabe:"/ˈkaβe/",fase:"/ˈfase/",base:"/ˈbase/",faro:"/ˈfaɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/","fútbol":"/ˈfuðβol/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/","difícil":"/diˈfiθil/",fin:"/fin/",bin:"/bin/",fe:"/fe/",fue:"/fwe/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Fricatives - /f/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"f",ipa:"/f/"}],tips:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/f/","native-letters-involved":"f","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["foca","poca"],["fino","vino"],["café","cabe"],["fase","base"],["faro","caro"]],"words-mispronounced":["fútbol","jefe","café","sofá","difícil"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["fish","family","coffee","phone","safe"],"minimal-pairs":[{fin:"fin/bin"},{fe:"fe/fue"},{fase:"fase/base"},{fino:"fino/vino"},{foca:"foca/poca"}],"anchor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"ancor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put your top teeth lightly on your lower lip and let the air pass out continuously without using your voice.","ipa-transcriptions":{foto:"/ˈfoto/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/","café":"/kaˈfe/","fácil":"/ˈfaθil/","sofá":"/soˈfa/",foca:"/ˈfoka/",poca:"/ˈpoka/",fino:"/ˈfino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",cabe:"/ˈkaβe/",fase:"/ˈfase/",base:"/ˈbase/",faro:"/ˈfaɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/","fútbol":"/ˈfuðβol/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/","difícil":"/diˈfiθil/",fin:"/fin/",bin:"/bin/",fe:"/fe/",fue:"/fwe/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Frikative - /f/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"f",ipa:"/f/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/f/","native-letters-involved":"f","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["foca","poca"],["fino","vino"],["café","cabe"],["fase","base"],["faro","caro"]],"words-mispronounced":["fútbol","jefe","café","sofá","difícil"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["fisch","familie","kaffee","foto","offen"],"minimal-pairs":[{fin:"fin/bin"},{fe:"fe/fue"},{fase:"fase/base"},{fino:"fino/vino"},{foca:"foca/poca"}],"anchor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"ancor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die oberen Zähne leicht auf die Unterlippe und lasse die Luft ohne Stimme ausströmen.","ipa-transcriptions":{foto:"/ˈfoto/",familia:"/faˈmilja/","café":"/kaˈfe/","fácil":"/ˈfaθil/","sofá":"/soˈfa/",foca:"/ˈfoka/",poca:"/ˈpoka/",fino:"/ˈfino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",cabe:"/ˈkaβe/",fase:"/ˈfase/",base:"/ˈbase/",faro:"/ˈfaɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/","fútbol":"/ˈfuðβol/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/","difícil":"/diˈfiθil/",fin:"/fin/",bin:"/bin/",fe:"/fe/",fue:"/fwe/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Fricativas - /f/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"f",ipa:"/f/"}],tips:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",scripts:[{IPA:"/f/","native-letters-involved":"f","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["foca","poca"],["fino","vino"],["café","cabe"],["fase","base"],["faro","caro"]],"words-mispronounced":["fútbol","jefe","café","sofá","difícil"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],"minimal-pairs":[{fin:"fin/bin"},{fe:"fe/fue"},{fase:"fase/base"},{fino:"fino/vino"},{foca:"foca/poca"}],"anchor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"ancor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Apoya suavemente los dientes de arriba sobre el labio inferior y deja salir el aire sin vibrar la voz.","ipa-transcriptions":{foto:"/ˈfoto/",familia:"/faˈmilja/","café":"/kaˈfe/","fácil":"/ˈfaθil/","sofá":"/soˈfa/",foca:"/ˈfoka/",poca:"/ˈpoka/",fino:"/ˈfino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",cabe:"/ˈkaβe/",fase:"/ˈfase/",base:"/ˈbase/",faro:"/ˈfaɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/","fútbol":"/ˈfuðβol/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/","difícil":"/diˈfiθil/",fin:"/fin/",bin:"/bin/",fe:"/fe/",fue:"/fwe/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Fricatives - /f/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"f",ipa:"/f/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/f/","native-letters-involved":"f","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["foca","poca"],["fino","vino"],["café","cabe"],["fase","base"],["faro","caro"]],"words-mispronounced":["fútbol","jefe","café","sofá","difícil"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["fille","famille","café","photo","neuf"],"minimal-pairs":[{fin:"fin/bin"},{fe:"fe/fue"},{fase:"fase/base"},{fino:"fino/vino"},{foca:"foca/poca"}],"anchor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"ancor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pose légèrement les dents du haut sur la lèvre du bas et laisse passer l’air sans faire vibrer la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{foto:"/ˈfoto/",familia:"/faˈmilja/","café":"/kaˈfe/","fácil":"/ˈfaθil/","sofá":"/soˈfa/",foca:"/ˈfoka/",poca:"/ˈpoka/",fino:"/ˈfino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",cabe:"/ˈkaβe/",fase:"/ˈfase/",base:"/ˈbase/",faro:"/ˈfaɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/","fútbol":"/ˈfuðβol/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/","difícil":"/diˈfiθil/",fin:"/fin/",bin:"/bin/",fe:"/fe/",fue:"/fwe/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Fricatieven - /f/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"f",ipa:"/f/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",scripts:[{IPA:"/f/","native-letters-involved":"f","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["foca","poca"],["fino","vino"],["café","cabe"],["fase","base"],["faro","caro"]],"words-mispronounced":["fútbol","jefe","café","sofá","difícil"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["fiets","familie","koffie","foto","lief"],"minimal-pairs":[{fin:"fin/bin"},{fe:"fe/fue"},{fase:"fase/base"},{fino:"fino/vino"},{foca:"foca/poca"}],"anchor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"ancor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet je boventanden zacht op je onderlip en laat de lucht zonder stem naar buiten gaan.","ipa-transcriptions":{foto:"/ˈfoto/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/","café":"/kaˈfe/","fácil":"/ˈfaθil/","sofá":"/soˈfa/",foca:"/ˈfoka/",poca:"/ˈpoka/",fino:"/ˈfino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",cabe:"/ˈkaβe/",fase:"/ˈfase/",base:"/ˈbase/",faro:"/ˈfaɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/","fútbol":"/ˈfuðβol/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/","difícil":"/diˈfiθil/",fin:"/fin/",bin:"/bin/",fe:"/fe/",fue:"/fwe/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Sürtünmeli ünsüzler - /f/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"f",ipa:"/f/"}],tips:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/f/","native-letters-involved":"f","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["foto","familia","café","fácil","sofá"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["foca","poca"],["fino","vino"],["café","cabe"],["fase","base"],["faro","caro"]],"words-mispronounced":["fútbol","jefe","café","sofá","difícil"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["fikir","fotoğraf","kahve","sınıf","ofis"],"minimal-pairs":[{fin:"fin/bin"},{fe:"fe/fue"},{fase:"fase/base"},{fino:"fino/vino"},{foca:"foca/poca"}],"anchor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"ancor-words":["foto","familia","fácil","café","sofá"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Üst dişlerini alt dudağına hafifçe koy ve sesi titreştirmeden havayı dışarı ver.","ipa-transcriptions":{foto:"/ˈfoto/",familia:"/faˈmilja/","café":"/kaˈfe/","fácil":"/ˈfaθil/","sofá":"/soˈfa/",foca:"/ˈfoka/",poca:"/ˈpoka/",fino:"/ˈfino/",vino:"/ˈbino/",cabe:"/ˈkaβe/",fase:"/ˈfase/",base:"/ˈbase/",faro:"/ˈfaɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/","fútbol":"/ˈfuðβol/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/","difícil":"/diˈfiθil/",fin:"/fin/",bin:"/bin/",fe:"/fe/",fue:"/fwe/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"7919b2b9-0b9b-4146-8802-ce30b6fa3710"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-fricativas-u03b8",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"c (before e/i, e.g. cero, cinco), z (e.g. zapato, lazo) — Castilian Spanish only",ipa:"/θ/"}],tips:{en:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",es:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",nl:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",tr:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/θ/","native-letters-involved":"c (ante e/i, p. ej. cero, cinco), z (p. ej. zapato, lazo) — solo español castellano","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cero","cinco","zapato","lazo","azul"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["cocer","coser"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["siervo","ciervo"],["sima","cima"]],"words-mispronounced":["cena","cine","zumo","hacer","conocer"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["think","three","bath","thank","mouth"],de:"C'est un son nouveau ; le plus proche en allemand est souvent /s/.",es:["cielo","cinco","zapato","caza","gracias"],fr:"C'est un son nouveau ; le plus proche en français est souvent /s/.",nl:"C'est un son nouveau ; le plus proche en néerlandais est souvent /s/.",tr:"C'est un son nouveau ; le plus proche en turc est souvent /s/."},"minimal-pairs":[{caza:"caza/casa"},{cima:"cima/sima"},{cocer:"cocer/coser"},{zumo:"zumo/humo"},{ceda:"ceda/seda"}],"anchor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"ancor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the tip of your tongue lightly between your teeth and let the air pass without using your voice.",fr:"Placez le bout de la langue légèrement entre les dents et laissez passer l’air sans faire vibrer la voix.",de:"Lege die Zungenspitze leicht zwischen die Zähne und lass die Luft ohne Stimme ausströmen.",es:"Pon la punta de la lengua ligeramente entre los dientes y deja salir el aire sin vibrar la voz.",nl:"Zet het puntje van je tong licht tussen je tanden en laat de lucht zonder stem naar buiten gaan.",tr:"Dil ucunu dişlerin arasına hafifçe koy ve sesi titreştirmeden havayı çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cinco:"/ˈθiŋko/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",lazo:"/ˈlaθo/",azul:"/aˈθul/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",siervo:"/ˈsjeɾβo/",ciervo:"/ˈθjeɾβo/",sima:"/ˈsima/",cima:"/ˈθima/",cena:"/ˈθena/",cine:"/ˈθine/",zumo:"/ˈθumo/",hacer:"/aˈθeɾ/",conocer:"/konoˈθeɾ/",humo:"/ˈumo/",ceda:"/ˈθeða/",seda:"/ˈseða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1},"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-en":"Fricatives - /θ/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"c (before e/i, e.g. cero, cinco), z (e.g. zapato, lazo) — Castilian Spanish only",ipa:"/θ/"}],tips:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/θ/","native-letters-involved":"c (ante e/i, p. ej. cero, cinco), z (p. ej. zapato, lazo) — solo español castellano","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cero","cinco","zapato","lazo","azul"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["cocer","coser"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["siervo","ciervo"],["sima","cima"]],"words-mispronounced":["cena","cine","zumo","hacer","conocer"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["think","three","bath","thank","mouth"],"minimal-pairs":[{caza:"caza/casa"},{cima:"cima/sima"},{cocer:"cocer/coser"},{zumo:"zumo/humo"},{ceda:"ceda/seda"}],"anchor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"ancor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the tip of your tongue lightly between your teeth and let the air pass without using your voice.","ipa-transcriptions":{cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cinco:"/ˈθiŋko/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",lazo:"/ˈlaθo/",azul:"/aˈθul/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",siervo:"/ˈsjeɾβo/",ciervo:"/ˈθjeɾβo/",sima:"/ˈsima/",cima:"/ˈθima/",cena:"/ˈθena/",cine:"/ˈθine/",zumo:"/ˈθumo/",hacer:"/aˈθeɾ/",conocer:"/konoˈθeɾ/",humo:"/ˈumo/",ceda:"/ˈθeða/",seda:"/ˈseða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-de":"Frikative - /θ/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"c (before e/i, e.g. cero, cinco), z (e.g. zapato, lazo) — Castilian Spanish only",ipa:"/θ/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/θ/","native-letters-involved":"c (ante e/i, p. ej. cero, cinco), z (p. ej. zapato, lazo) — solo español castellano","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cero","cinco","zapato","lazo","azul"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["cocer","coser"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["siervo","ciervo"],["sima","cima"]],"words-mispronounced":["cena","cine","zumo","hacer","conocer"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"C'est un son nouveau ; le plus proche en allemand est souvent /s/.","minimal-pairs":[{caza:"caza/casa"},{cima:"cima/sima"},{cocer:"cocer/coser"},{zumo:"zumo/humo"},{ceda:"ceda/seda"}],"anchor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"ancor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zungenspitze leicht zwischen die Zähne und lass die Luft ohne Stimme ausströmen.","ipa-transcriptions":{cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cinco:"/ˈθiŋko/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",lazo:"/ˈlaθo/",azul:"/aˈθul/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",siervo:"/ˈsjeɾβo/",ciervo:"/ˈθjeɾβo/",sima:"/ˈsima/",cima:"/ˈθima/",cena:"/ˈθena/",cine:"/ˈθine/",zumo:"/ˈθumo/",hacer:"/aˈθeɾ/",conocer:"/konoˈθeɾ/",humo:"/ˈumo/",ceda:"/ˈθeða/",seda:"/ˈseða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-es":"Fricativas - /θ/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"c (before e/i, e.g. cero, cinco), z (e.g. zapato, lazo) — Castilian Spanish only",ipa:"/θ/"}],tips:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",scripts:[{IPA:"/θ/","native-letters-involved":"c (ante e/i, p. ej. cero, cinco), z (p. ej. zapato, lazo) — solo español castellano","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cero","cinco","zapato","lazo","azul"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["cocer","coser"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["siervo","ciervo"],["sima","cima"]],"words-mispronounced":["cena","cine","zumo","hacer","conocer"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["cielo","cinco","zapato","caza","gracias"],"minimal-pairs":[{caza:"caza/casa"},{cima:"cima/sima"},{cocer:"cocer/coser"},{zumo:"zumo/humo"},{ceda:"ceda/seda"}],"anchor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"ancor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la punta de la lengua ligeramente entre los dientes y deja salir el aire sin vibrar la voz.","ipa-transcriptions":{cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cinco:"/ˈθiŋko/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",lazo:"/ˈlaθo/",azul:"/aˈθul/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",siervo:"/ˈsjeɾβo/",ciervo:"/ˈθjeɾβo/",sima:"/ˈsima/",cima:"/ˈθima/",cena:"/ˈθena/",cine:"/ˈθine/",zumo:"/ˈθumo/",hacer:"/aˈθeɾ/",conocer:"/konoˈθeɾ/",humo:"/ˈumo/",ceda:"/ˈθeða/",seda:"/ˈseða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-fr":"Fricatives - /θ/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"c (before e/i, e.g. cero, cinco), z (e.g. zapato, lazo) — Castilian Spanish only",ipa:"/θ/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/θ/","native-letters-involved":"c (ante e/i, p. ej. cero, cinco), z (p. ej. zapato, lazo) — solo español castellano","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cero","cinco","zapato","lazo","azul"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["cocer","coser"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["siervo","ciervo"],["sima","cima"]],"words-mispronounced":["cena","cine","zumo","hacer","conocer"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"C'est un son nouveau ; le plus proche en français est souvent /s/.","minimal-pairs":[{caza:"caza/casa"},{cima:"cima/sima"},{cocer:"cocer/coser"},{zumo:"zumo/humo"},{ceda:"ceda/seda"}],"anchor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"ancor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Placez le bout de la langue légèrement entre les dents et laissez passer l’air sans faire vibrer la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cinco:"/ˈθiŋko/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",lazo:"/ˈlaθo/",azul:"/aˈθul/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",siervo:"/ˈsjeɾβo/",ciervo:"/ˈθjeɾβo/",sima:"/ˈsima/",cima:"/ˈθima/",cena:"/ˈθena/",cine:"/ˈθine/",zumo:"/ˈθumo/",hacer:"/aˈθeɾ/",conocer:"/konoˈθeɾ/",humo:"/ˈumo/",ceda:"/ˈθeða/",seda:"/ˈseða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-nl":"Fricatieven - /θ/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"c (before e/i, e.g. cero, cinco), z (e.g. zapato, lazo) — Castilian Spanish only",ipa:"/θ/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",scripts:[{IPA:"/θ/","native-letters-involved":"c (ante e/i, p. ej. cero, cinco), z (p. ej. zapato, lazo) — solo español castellano","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cero","cinco","zapato","lazo","azul"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["cocer","coser"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["siervo","ciervo"],["sima","cima"]],"words-mispronounced":["cena","cine","zumo","hacer","conocer"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"C'est un son nouveau ; le plus proche en néerlandais est souvent /s/.","minimal-pairs":[{caza:"caza/casa"},{cima:"cima/sima"},{cocer:"cocer/coser"},{zumo:"zumo/humo"},{ceda:"ceda/seda"}],"anchor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"ancor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet het puntje van je tong licht tussen je tanden en laat de lucht zonder stem naar buiten gaan.","ipa-transcriptions":{cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cinco:"/ˈθiŋko/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",lazo:"/ˈlaθo/",azul:"/aˈθul/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",siervo:"/ˈsjeɾβo/",ciervo:"/ˈθjeɾβo/",sima:"/ˈsima/",cima:"/ˈθima/",cena:"/ˈθena/",cine:"/ˈθine/",zumo:"/ˈθumo/",hacer:"/aˈθeɾ/",conocer:"/konoˈθeɾ/",humo:"/ˈumo/",ceda:"/ˈθeða/",seda:"/ˈseða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-tr":"Sürtünmeli ünsüzler - /θ/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"c (before e/i, e.g. cero, cinco), z (e.g. zapato, lazo) — Castilian Spanish only",ipa:"/θ/"}],tips:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/θ/","native-letters-involved":"c (ante e/i, p. ej. cero, cinco), z (p. ej. zapato, lazo) — solo español castellano","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cero","cinco","zapato","lazo","azul"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["cocer","coser"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["siervo","ciervo"],["sima","cima"]],"words-mispronounced":["cena","cine","zumo","hacer","conocer"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"C'est un son nouveau ; le plus proche en turc est souvent /s/.","minimal-pairs":[{caza:"caza/casa"},{cima:"cima/sima"},{cocer:"cocer/coser"},{zumo:"zumo/humo"},{ceda:"ceda/seda"}],"anchor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"ancor-words":["cero","cinco","zapato","azul","cena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dil ucunu dişlerin arasına hafifçe koy ve sesi titreştirmeden havayı çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cinco:"/ˈθiŋko/",zapato:"/θaˈpato/",lazo:"/ˈlaθo/",azul:"/aˈθul/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",siervo:"/ˈsjeɾβo/",ciervo:"/ˈθjeɾβo/",sima:"/ˈsima/",cima:"/ˈθima/",cena:"/ˈθena/",cine:"/ˈθine/",zumo:"/ˈθumo/",hacer:"/aˈθeɾ/",conocer:"/konoˈθeɾ/",humo:"/ˈumo/",ceda:"/ˈθeða/",seda:"/ˈseða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},uid:"9ec6ba29-72b6-48aa-af2c-8f23488b6b85"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-fricativas-s",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"s",ipa:"/s/"}],tips:{en:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",es:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",nl:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",tr:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/s/","native-letters-involved":"s","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["sien","cien"],["coser","cocer"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["tasa","taza"]],"words-mispronounced":["silla","seis","pasar","mismo","escuela"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["see","sun","salt","simple","class"],de:["Sonne","Wasser","essen","besser","Klasse"],es:["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],fr:["sac","six","penser","classe","poisson"],nl:["zon","sok","wassen","bessen","klasse"],tr:["su","sarı","masa","ses","sınıf"]},"minimal-pairs":[{saco:"saco/taco"},{sala:"sala/ala"},{suma:"suma/zuma"},{sopa:"sopa/topa"},{sueco:"sueco/hueco"}],"anchor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"ancor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the tip of your tongue close to the ridge behind your upper teeth and let the air pass in a narrow stream, without using your voice.",fr:"Place le bout de la langue près de la zone derrière les dents du haut et laisse passer l’air dans

1 un passage étroit, sans faire vibrer la voix.",de:"Setze die Zungenspitze nah an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen und lasse die Luft eng hindurchströmen, ohne Stimme.",es:"Pon la punta de la lengua cerca de la zona detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja pasar el aire por un canal estrecho, sin vibrar la voz.",nl:"Zet het puntje van je tong dicht bij de rand achter je boventanden en laat de lucht door een smalle opening gaan, zonder stem.",tr:"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin arkasındaki bölgeye yaklaştır ve sesi titreştirmeden havayı dar bir aralıktan geçir."},"ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",sien:"/ˈsjen/",cien:"/ˈθjen/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",silla:"/ˈsiʎa/",seis:"/ˈsejs/",pasar:"/paˈsaɾ/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/",escuela:"/esˈkwela/",saco:"/ˈsako/",taco:"/ˈtako/",sala:"/ˈsala/",ala:"/ˈala/",suma:"/ˈsuma/",zuma:"/ˈθuma/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",sueco:"/ˈsweko/",hueco:"/ˈweko/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Fricatives - /s/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"s",ipa:"/s/"}],tips:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/s/","native-letters-involved":"s","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["sien","cien"],["coser","cocer"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["tasa","taza"]],"words-mispronounced":["silla","seis","pasar","mismo","escuela"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["see","sun","salt","simple","class"],"minimal-pairs":[{saco:"saco/taco"},{sala:"sala/ala"},{suma:"suma/zuma"},{sopa:"sopa/topa"},{sueco:"sueco/hueco"}],"anchor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"ancor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the tip of your tongue close to the ridge behind your upper teeth and let the air pass in a narrow stream, without using your voice.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",sien:"/ˈsjen/",cien:"/ˈθjen/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",silla:"/ˈsiʎa/",seis:"/ˈsejs/",pasar:"/paˈsaɾ/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/",escuela:"/esˈkwela/",saco:"/ˈsako/",taco:"/ˈtako/",sala:"/ˈsala/",ala:"/ˈala/",suma:"/ˈsuma/",zuma:"/ˈθuma/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",sueco:"/ˈsweko/",hueco:"/ˈweko/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Frikative - /s/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"s",ipa:"/s/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/s/","native-letters-involved":"s","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["sien","cien"],["coser","cocer"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["tasa","taza"]],"words-mispronounced":["silla","seis","pasar","mismo","escuela"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Sonne","Wasser","essen","besser","Klasse"],"minimal-pairs":[{saco:"saco/taco"},{sala:"sala/ala"},{suma:"suma/zuma"},{sopa:"sopa/topa"},{sueco:"sueco/hueco"}],"anchor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"ancor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Setze die Zungenspitze nah an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen und lasse die Luft eng hindurchströmen, ohne Stimme.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",sien:"/ˈsjen/",cien:"/ˈθjen/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",silla:"/ˈsiʎa/",seis:"/ˈsejs/",pasar:"/paˈsaɾ/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/",escuela:"/esˈkwela/",saco:"/ˈsako/",taco:"/ˈtako/",sala:"/ˈsala/",ala:"/ˈala/",suma:"/ˈsuma/",zuma:"/ˈθuma/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",sueco:"/ˈsweko/",hueco:"/ˈweko/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Fricativas - /s/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"s",ipa:"/s/"}],tips:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",scripts:[{IPA:"/s/","native-letters-involved":"s","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["sien","cien"],["coser","cocer"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["tasa","taza"]],"words-mispronounced":["silla","seis","pasar","mismo","escuela"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],"minimal-pairs":[{saco:"saco/taco"},{sala:"sala/ala"},{suma:"suma/zuma"},{sopa:"sopa/topa"},{sueco:"sueco/hueco"}],"anchor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"ancor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la punta de la lengua cerca de la zona detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja pasar el aire por un canal estrecho, sin vibrar la voz.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",sien:"/ˈsjen/",cien:"/ˈθjen/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",silla:"/ˈsiʎa/",seis:"/ˈsejs/",pasar:"/paˈsaɾ/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/",escuela:"/esˈkwela/",saco:"/ˈsako/",taco:"/ˈtako/",sala:"/ˈsala/",ala:"/ˈala/",suma:"/ˈsuma/",zuma:"/ˈθuma/",to

1pa:"/ˈtopa/",sueco:"/ˈsweko/",hueco:"/ˈweko/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Fricatives - /s/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"s",ipa:"/s/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/s/","native-letters-involved":"s","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["sien","cien"],["coser","cocer"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["tasa","taza"]],"words-mispronounced":["silla","seis","pasar","mismo","escuela"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["sac","six","penser","classe","poisson"],"minimal-pairs":[{saco:"saco/taco"},{sala:"sala/ala"},{suma:"suma/zuma"},{sopa:"sopa/topa"},{sueco:"sueco/hueco"}],"anchor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"ancor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Place le bout de la langue près de la zone derrière les dents du haut et laisse passer l’air dans un passage étroit, sans faire vibrer la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",sien:"/ˈsjen/",cien:"/ˈθjen/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",silla:"/ˈsiʎa/",seis:"/ˈsejs/",pasar:"/paˈsaɾ/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/",escuela:"/esˈkwela/",saco:"/ˈsako/",taco:"/ˈtako/",sala:"/ˈsala/",ala:"/ˈala/",suma:"/ˈsuma/",zuma:"/ˈθuma/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",sueco:"/ˈsweko/",hueco:"/ˈweko/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Fricatieven - /s/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"s",ipa:"/s/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",scripts:[{IPA:"/s/","native-letters-involved":"s","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["sien","cien"],["coser","cocer"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["tasa","taza"]],"words-mispronounced":["silla","seis","pasar","mismo","escuela"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["zon","sok","wassen","bessen","klasse"],"minimal-pairs":[{saco:"saco/taco"},{sala:"sala/ala"},{suma:"suma/zuma"},{sopa:"sopa/topa"},{sueco:"sueco/hueco"}],"anchor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"ancor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet het puntje van je tong dicht bij de rand achter je boventanden en laat de lucht door een smalle opening gaan, zonder stem.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",sien:"/ˈsjen/",cien:"/ˈθjen/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",silla:"/ˈsiʎa/",seis:"/ˈsejs/",pasar:"/paˈsaɾ/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/",escuela:"/esˈkwela/",saco:"/ˈsako/",taco:"/ˈtako/",sala:"/ˈsala/",ala:"/ˈala/",suma:"/ˈsuma/",zuma:"/ˈθuma/",topa:"/ˈtopa/",sueco:"/ˈsweko/",hueco:"/ˈweko/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Sürtünmeli ünsüzler - /s/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"s",ipa:"/s/"}],tips:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/s/","native-letters-involved":"s","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["sol","sopa","casa","mesa","paso"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["casa","caza"],["sien","cien"],["coser","cocer"],["abrasar","abrazar"],["tasa","taza"]],"words-mispronounced":["silla","seis","pasar","mismo","escuela"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["su","sarı","masa","ses","sınıf"],"minimal-pairs":[{saco:"saco/taco"},{sala:"sala/ala"},{suma:"suma/zuma"},{sopa:"sopa/topa"},{sueco:"sueco/hueco"}],"anchor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"ancor-words":["sol","silla","sopa","casa","seis"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin arkasındaki bölgeye yaklaştır ve sesi titreştirmeden havayı dar bir aralıktan geçir.","ipa-transcriptions":{sol:"/sol/",sopa:"/ˈsopa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",paso:"/ˈpaso/",caza:"/ˈkaθa/",sien:"/ˈsjen/",cien:"/ˈθjen/",coser:"/koˈseɾ/",cocer:"/koˈθeɾ/",abrasar:"/aβɾaˈsaɾ/",abrazar:"/aβɾaˈθaɾ/",tasa:"/ˈtasa/",taza:"/ˈtaθa/",silla:"/ˈsiʎa/",seis:"/ˈsejs/",pasar:"/paˈsaɾ/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/",escuela:"/esˈkwela/",saco:"/ˈsako/",taco:"/ˈtako/",sala:"/ˈsala/",ala:"/ˈala/",suma:"/ˈsuma/",zuma:"/ˈθuma/",to

1pa:"/ˈtopa/",sueco:"/ˈsweko/",hueco:"/ˈweko/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"32b82e62-b30c-4096-800a-eb92989d96d6"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-fricativas-x",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"j (e.g. jamón, mujer, ojo), g (before e/i, e.g. gente, gitano)",ipa:"/x/"}],tips:{en:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",es:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",nl:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",tr:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/x/","native-letters-involved":"j, g (ante e/i)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["jamón","jardín","joven","gente","ojo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caja","casa"],["rojo","rollo"],["teja","tela"],["coja","coya"],["jota","gota"]],"words-mispronounced":["jamón","gente","mujer","ojo","jardín"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in standard English. A few loanwords like 'Bach' or 'loch' may use it, but it is not a regular English sound.",de:["Bach","Buch","machen","lachen","doch"],es:["caja","hijo","jamón","jardín","gente"],fr:"Ce son est nouveau ; le plus proche en français est /ʁ/ comme dans « rue », mais l'espagnol /x/ est plus arrière.",nl:["goed","lach","acht","gracht","licht"],tr:"Bu ses yenidir; Türkçede en yakın ses /h/ gibidir, ama İspanyolca /x/ daha geride üretilir."},"minimal-pairs":[{caja:"caja/casa"},{coja:"coja/colla"},{teja:"teja/tela"},{jota:"jota/gota"},{rojo:"rojo/rollo"}],"anchor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"ancor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Raise the back of your tongue toward the soft palate and let the air pass with friction, without using your voice.",fr:"Levez l’arrière de la langue vers le voile du palais et laissez passer l’air avec friction, sans faire vibrer la voix.",de:"Hebe den Zungenrücken zum weichen Gaumen und lass die Luft reibend ausströmen, ohne Stimme.",es:"Levanta la parte de atrás de la lengua hacia el velo del paladar y deja salir el aire con fricción, sin vibrar las cuerdas vocales.",nl:"Breng de achterkant van je tong omhoog naar het zachte gehemelte en laat de lucht met wrijving ontsnappen, zonder stem.",tr:"Dilin arkasını yumuşak damağa yaklaştır ve havayı sesi titreştirmeden sürtünmeli çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{"jamón":"/xaˈmon/","jardín":"/xaɾˈðin/",joven:"/ˈxoβen/",gente:"/ˈxente/",ojo:"/ˈoxo/",caja:"/ˈkaxa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",rojo:"/ˈroxo/",rollo:"/ˈroʝo/",teja:"/ˈtexa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",coja:"/ˈkoxa/",coya:"/ˈkoʝa/",jota:"/ˈxota/",gota:"/ˈɡota/",colla:"/ˈkoʎa/",jugo:"/ˈxuɣo/",mujer:"/muˈxeɾ/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/",girar:"/xiˈɾaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!0,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Fricatives - /x/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"j (e.g. jamón, mujer, ojo), g (before e/i, e.g. gente, gitano)",ipa:"/x/"}],tips:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/x/","native-letters-involved":"j, g (ante e/i)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["jamón","jardín","joven","gente","ojo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caja","casa"],["rojo","rollo"],["teja","tela"],["coja","coya"],["jota","gota"]],"words-mispronounced":["jamón","gente","mujer","ojo","jardín"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in standard English. A few loanwords like 'Bach' or 'loch' may use it, but it is not a regular English sound.","minimal-pairs":[{caja:"caja/casa"},{coja:"coja/colla"},{teja:"teja/tela"},{jota:"jota/gota"},{rojo:"rojo/rollo"}],"anchor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"ancor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Raise the back of your tongue toward the soft palate and let the air pass with friction, without using your voice.","ipa-transcriptions":{"jamón":"/xaˈmon/","jardín":"/xaɾˈðin/",joven:"/ˈxoβen/",gente:"/ˈxente/",ojo:"/ˈoxo

1/",caja:"/ˈkaxa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",rojo:"/ˈroxo/",rollo:"/ˈroʝo/",teja:"/ˈtexa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",coja:"/ˈkoxa/",coya:"/ˈkoʝa/",jota:"/ˈxota/",gota:"/ˈɡota/",colla:"/ˈkoʎa/",jugo:"/ˈxuɣo/",mujer:"/muˈxeɾ/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/",girar:"/xiˈɾaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Frikative - /x/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"j (e.g. jamón, mujer, ojo), g (before e/i, e.g. gente, gitano)",ipa:"/x/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/x/","native-letters-involved":"j, g (ante e/i)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["jamón","jardín","joven","gente","ojo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caja","casa"],["rojo","rollo"],["teja","tela"],["coja","coya"],["jota","gota"]],"words-mispronounced":["jamón","gente","mujer","ojo","jardín"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Bach","Buch","machen","lachen","doch"],"minimal-pairs":[{caja:"caja/casa"},{coja:"coja/colla"},{teja:"teja/tela"},{jota:"jota/gota"},{rojo:"rojo/rollo"}],"anchor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"ancor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Hebe den Zungenrücken zum weichen Gaumen und lass die Luft reibend ausströmen, ohne Stimme.","ipa-transcriptions":{"jamón":"/xaˈmon/","jardín":"/xaɾˈðin/",joven:"/ˈxoβen/",gente:"/ˈxente/",ojo:"/ˈoxo/",caja:"/ˈkaxa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",rojo:"/ˈroxo/",rollo:"/ˈroʝo/",teja:"/ˈtexa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",coja:"/ˈkoxa/",coya:"/ˈkoʝa/",jota:"/ˈxota/",gota:"/ˈɡota/",colla:"/ˈkoʎa/",jugo:"/ˈxuɣo/",mujer:"/muˈxeɾ/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/",girar:"/xiˈɾaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Fricativas - /x/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"j (e.g. jamón, mujer, ojo), g (before e/i, e.g. gente, gitano)",ipa:"/x/"}],tips:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",scripts:[{IPA:"/x/","native-letters-involved":"j, g (ante e/i)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["jamón","jardín","joven","gente","ojo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caja","casa"],["rojo","rollo"],["teja","tela"],["coja","coya"],["jota","gota"]],"words-mispronounced":["jamón","gente","mujer","ojo","jardín"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["caja","hijo","jamón","jardín","gente"],"minimal-pairs":[{caja:"caja/casa"},{coja:"coja/colla"},{teja:"teja/tela"},{jota:"jota/gota"},{rojo:"rojo/rollo"}],"anchor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"ancor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Levanta la parte de atrás de la lengua hacia el velo del paladar y deja salir el aire con fricción, sin vibrar las cuerdas vocales.","ipa-transcriptions":{"jamón":"/xaˈmon/","jardín":"/xaɾˈðin/",joven:"/ˈxoβen/",gente:"/ˈxente/",ojo:"/ˈoxo/",caja:"/ˈkaxa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",rojo:"/ˈroxo/",rollo:"/ˈroʝo/",teja:"/ˈtexa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",coja:"/ˈkoxa/",coya:"/ˈkoʝa/",jota:"/ˈxota/",gota:"/ˈɡota/",colla:"/ˈkoʎa/",jugo:"/ˈxuɣo/",mujer:"/muˈxeɾ/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/",girar:"/xiˈɾaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Fricatives - /x/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"j (e.g. jamón, mujer, ojo), g (before e/i, e.g. gente, gitano)",ipa:"/x/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/x/","native-letters-involved":"j, g (ante e/i)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["jamón","jardín","joven","gente","ojo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caja","casa"],["rojo","rollo"],["teja","tela"],["coja","coya"],["jota","gota"]],"words-mispronounced":["jamón","gente","mujer","ojo","jardín"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est nouveau ; le plus proche en français est /ʁ/ comme dans « rue », mais l'espagnol /x/ est plus arrière.","minimal-pairs":[{caja:"caja/casa"},{coja:"coja/colla"},{teja:"teja/tela"},{jota:"jota/gota"},{rojo:"rojo/rollo"}],"anchor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"ancor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Levez l’arrière de la langue vers le voile du palais et laissez passer l’air avec friction, sans faire vibrer la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{"jamón":"/xaˈmon/","jardín":"/xaɾˈðin/",joven:"/ˈxoβen/",gente:"/ˈxente/",ojo:"/ˈoxo

1/",caja:"/ˈkaxa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",rojo:"/ˈroxo/",rollo:"/ˈroʝo/",teja:"/ˈtexa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",coja:"/ˈkoxa/",coya:"/ˈkoʝa/",jota:"/ˈxota/",gota:"/ˈɡota/",colla:"/ˈkoʎa/",jugo:"/ˈxuɣo/",mujer:"/muˈxeɾ/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/",girar:"/xiˈɾaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Fricatieven - /x/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"j (e.g. jamón, mujer, ojo), g (before e/i, e.g. gente, gitano)",ipa:"/x/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",scripts:[{IPA:"/x/","native-letters-involved":"j, g (ante e/i)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["jamón","jardín","joven","gente","ojo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caja","casa"],["rojo","rollo"],["teja","tela"],["coja","coya"],["jota","gota"]],"words-mispronounced":["jamón","gente","mujer","ojo","jardín"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["goed","lach","acht","gracht","licht"],"minimal-pairs":[{caja:"caja/casa"},{coja:"coja/colla"},{teja:"teja/tela"},{jota:"jota/gota"},{rojo:"rojo/rollo"}],"anchor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"ancor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Breng de achterkant van je tong omhoog naar het zachte gehemelte en laat de lucht met wrijving ontsnappen, zonder stem.","ipa-transcriptions":{"jamón":"/xaˈmon/","jardín":"/xaɾˈðin/",joven:"/ˈxoβen/",gente:"/ˈxente/",ojo:"/ˈoxo/",caja:"/ˈkaxa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",rojo:"/ˈroxo/",rollo:"/ˈroʝo/",teja:"/ˈtexa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",coja:"/ˈkoxa/",coya:"/ˈkoʝa/",jota:"/ˈxota/",gota:"/ˈɡota/",colla:"/ˈkoʎa/",jugo:"/ˈxuɣo/",mujer:"/muˈxeɾ/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/",girar:"/xiˈɾaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Sürtünmeli ünsüzler - /x/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"j (e.g. jamón, mujer, ojo), g (before e/i, e.g. gente, gitano)",ipa:"/x/"}],tips:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/x/","native-letters-involved":"j, g (ante e/i)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["jamón","jardín","joven","gente","ojo"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caja","casa"],["rojo","rollo"],["teja","tela"],["coja","coya"],["jota","gota"]],"words-mispronounced":["jamón","gente","mujer","ojo","jardín"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses yenidir; Türkçede en yakın ses /h/ gibidir, ama İspanyolca /x/ daha geride üretilir.","minimal-pairs":[{caja:"caja/casa"},{coja:"coja/colla"},{teja:"teja/tela"},{jota:"jota/gota"},{rojo:"rojo/rollo"}],"anchor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"ancor-words":["jamón","jugo","gente","ojo","jardín"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dilin arkasını yumuşak damağa yaklaştır ve havayı sesi titreştirmeden sürtünmeli çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{"jamón":"/xaˈmon/","jardín":"/xaɾˈðin/",joven:"/ˈxoβen/",gente:"/ˈxente/",ojo:"/ˈoxo/",caja:"/ˈkaxa/",casa:"/ˈkasa/",rojo:"/ˈroxo/",rollo:"/ˈroʝo/",teja:"/ˈtexa/",tela:"/ˈtela/",coja:"/ˈkoxa/",coya:"/ˈkoʝa/",jota:"/ˈxota/",gota:"/ˈɡota/",colla:"/ˈkoʎa/",jugo:"/ˈxuɣo/",mujer:"/muˈxeɾ/",jefe:"/ˈxefe/",girar:"/xiˈɾaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"4f0f905e-9e9b-423a-a40d-5835eae647c2"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-fricativas-u029d",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"y (e.g. yo, ya, mayo), ll (in many dialects, e.g. llave, calle)",ipa:"/ʝ/"}],tips:{en:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",es:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",nl:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",tr:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/ʝ/","native-letters-involved":"y, ll (en muchas variedades)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["haya","halla"],["vaya","valla"],["rayo","rallo"],["maya","malla"]],"words-mispronounced":["yo","ayuda","llave","calle","mayo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en inglés es y de yes.",de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],fr:"Ce son est assez nouveau ; le plus proche en français est y de yeux.",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:"Bu ses yeni olabilir;

1 Türkçede en yakın ses y, örneğin yol."},"minimal-pairs":[{ya:"ya/da"},{yema:"yema/tema"},{yodo:"yodo/todo"},{"calló":"calló/caló"},{rayo:"rayo/rajo"}],"anchor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"ancor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Raise the middle of your tongue close to the hard palate and let the air pass with friction; your vocal cords vibrate.",fr:"Levez le milieu de la langue près du palais dur et laissez passer l’air avec un peu de friction ; la voix vibre.",de:"Heb die Zungenmitte nah an den harten Gaumen und lass die Luft mit Reibung durch; die Stimmbänder schwingen.",es:"Levanta la parte media de la lengua hacia el paladar duro y deja pasar el aire con fricción; la voz vibra.",nl:"Breng het midden van je tong dicht bij het harde gehemelte en laat de lucht met wrijving ontsnappen; je stembanden trillen.",tr:"Dilin orta kısmını sert damağa yaklaştır ve havayı sürtünmeyle çıkar; ses tellerin titresin."},"ipa-transcriptions":{yo:"/ʝo/",ya:"/ʝa/",yema:"/ˈʝema/",llave:"/ˈʝaβe/",calle:"/ˈkaʝe/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",rayo:"/ˈraʝo/",rallo:"/ˈraʎo/",maya:"/ˈmaʝa/",malla:"/ˈmaʎa/","calló":"/kaˈʝo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",ayuda:"/aˈʝuða/",mayo:"/ˈmaʝo/",da:"/da/",tema:"/ˈtema/",yodo:"/ˈʝoðo/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/","caló":"/kaˈlo/",rajo:"/ˈraxo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Fricatives - /ʝ/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"y (e.g. yo, ya, mayo), ll (in many dialects, e.g. llave, calle)",ipa:"/ʝ/"}],tips:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʝ/","native-letters-involved":"y, ll (en muchas variedades)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["haya","halla"],["vaya","valla"],["rayo","rallo"],["maya","malla"]],"words-mispronounced":["yo","ayuda","llave","calle","mayo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en inglés es y de yes.","minimal-pairs":[{ya:"ya/da"},{yema:"yema/tema"},{yodo:"yodo/todo"},{"calló":"calló/caló"},{rayo:"rayo/rajo"}],"anchor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"ancor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Raise the middle of your tongue close to the hard palate and let the air pass with friction; your vocal cords vibrate.","ipa-transcriptions":{yo:"/ʝo/",ya:"/ʝa/",yema:"/ˈʝema/",llave:"/ˈʝaβe/",calle:"/ˈkaʝe/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",rayo:"/ˈraʝo/",rallo:"/ˈraʎo/",maya:"/ˈmaʝa/",malla:"/ˈmaʎa/","calló":"/kaˈʝo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",ayuda:"/aˈʝuða/",mayo:"/ˈmaʝo/",da:"/da/",tema:"/ˈtema/",yodo:"/ˈʝoðo/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/","caló":"/kaˈlo/",rajo:"/ˈraxo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Frikative - /ʝ/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"y (e.g. yo, ya, mayo), ll (in many dialects, e.g. llave, calle)",ipa:"/ʝ/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʝ/","native-letters-involved":"y, ll (en muchas variedades)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["haya","halla"],["vaya","valla"],["rayo","rallo"],["maya","malla"]],"words-mispronounced":["yo","ayuda","llave","calle","mayo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{ya:"ya/da"},{yema:"yema/tema"},{yodo:"yodo/todo"},{"calló":"calló/caló"},{rayo:"rayo/rajo"}],"anchor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"ancor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Heb die Zungenmitte nah an den harten Gaumen und lass die Luft mit Reibung durch; die Stimmbänder schwingen.","ipa-transcriptions":{yo:"/ʝo/",ya:"/ʝa/",yema:"/ˈʝema/",llave:"/ˈʝaβe/",calle:"/ˈkaʝe/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",rayo:"/ˈraʝo/",rallo:"/ˈraʎo/",maya:"/ˈmaʝa/",malla:"/ˈmaʎa/","calló":"/kaˈʝo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",ayuda:"/aˈʝuða/",mayo:"/ˈmaʝo/",da:"/da/",tema:"/ˈtema/",yodo:"/ˈʝoðo/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/","caló":"/kaˈlo/",rajo:"/ˈraxo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Fricativas - /ʝ/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"y (e.g. yo, ya, mayo), ll (in many dialects, e.g. llave, calle)",ipa:"/ʝ/"}],tips:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʝ/","native-letters-involved":"y, ll (en muchas variedades)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["haya","halla"],["vaya","valla"],["rayo","rallo"],["maya","malla"]],"words-mispronounced":["yo","ayuda","llave","calle","mayo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],"minimal-pairs":[{ya:"ya/da"},{yema:"yema/tema"},{yodo:"yodo/todo"},{"calló":"calló/caló"},{rayo:"rayo/rajo"}],"anchor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"ancor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Levanta la parte media de la lengua hacia el paladar duro y deja pasar el aire con fricción;

1 la voz vibra.","ipa-transcriptions":{yo:"/ʝo/",ya:"/ʝa/",yema:"/ˈʝema/",llave:"/ˈʝaβe/",calle:"/ˈkaʝe/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",rayo:"/ˈraʝo/",rallo:"/ˈraʎo/",maya:"/ˈmaʝa/",malla:"/ˈmaʎa/","calló":"/kaˈʝo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",ayuda:"/aˈʝuða/",mayo:"/ˈmaʝo/",da:"/da/",tema:"/ˈtema/",yodo:"/ˈʝoðo/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/","caló":"/kaˈlo/",rajo:"/ˈraxo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Fricatives - /ʝ/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"y (e.g. yo, ya, mayo), ll (in many dialects, e.g. llave, calle)",ipa:"/ʝ/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʝ/","native-letters-involved":"y, ll (en muchas variedades)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["haya","halla"],["vaya","valla"],["rayo","rallo"],["maya","malla"]],"words-mispronounced":["yo","ayuda","llave","calle","mayo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est assez nouveau ; le plus proche en français est y de yeux.","minimal-pairs":[{ya:"ya/da"},{yema:"yema/tema"},{yodo:"yodo/todo"},{"calló":"calló/caló"},{rayo:"rayo/rajo"}],"anchor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"ancor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Levez le milieu de la langue près du palais dur et laissez passer l’air avec un peu de friction ; la voix vibre.","ipa-transcriptions":{yo:"/ʝo/",ya:"/ʝa/",yema:"/ˈʝema/",llave:"/ˈʝaβe/",calle:"/ˈkaʝe/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",rayo:"/ˈraʝo/",rallo:"/ˈraʎo/",maya:"/ˈmaʝa/",malla:"/ˈmaʎa/","calló":"/kaˈʝo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",ayuda:"/aˈʝuða/",mayo:"/ˈmaʝo/",da:"/da/",tema:"/ˈtema/",yodo:"/ˈʝoðo/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/","caló":"/kaˈlo/",rajo:"/ˈraxo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Fricatieven - /ʝ/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"y (e.g. yo, ya, mayo), ll (in many dialects, e.g. llave, calle)",ipa:"/ʝ/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʝ/","native-letters-involved":"y, ll (en muchas variedades)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["haya","halla"],["vaya","valla"],["rayo","rallo"],["maya","malla"]],"words-mispronounced":["yo","ayuda","llave","calle","mayo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{ya:"ya/da"},{yema:"yema/tema"},{yodo:"yodo/todo"},{"calló":"calló/caló"},{rayo:"rayo/rajo"}],"anchor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"ancor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Breng het midden van je tong dicht bij het harde gehemelte en laat de lucht met wrijving ontsnappen; je stembanden trillen.","ipa-transcriptions":{yo:"/ʝo/",ya:"/ʝa/",yema:"/ˈʝema/",llave:"/ˈʝaβe/",calle:"/ˈkaʝe/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",rayo:"/ˈraʝo/",rallo:"/ˈraʎo/",maya:"/ˈmaʝa/",malla:"/ˈmaʎa/","calló":"/kaˈʝo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",ayuda:"/aˈʝuða/",mayo:"/ˈmaʝo/",da:"/da/",tema:"/ˈtema/",yodo:"/ˈʝoðo/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/","caló":"/kaˈlo/",rajo:"/ˈraxo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Sürtünmeli ünsüzler - /ʝ/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"y (e.g. yo, ya, mayo), ll (in many dialects, e.g. llave, calle)",ipa:"/ʝ/"}],tips:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʝ/","native-letters-involved":"y, ll (en muchas variedades)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["yo","ya","yema","llave","calle"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["haya","halla"],["vaya","valla"],["rayo","rallo"],["maya","malla"]],"words-mispronounced":["yo","ayuda","llave","calle","mayo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses yeni olabilir; Türkçede en yakın ses y, örneğin yol.","minimal-pairs":[{ya:"ya/da"},{yema:"yema/tema"},{yodo:"yodo/todo"},{"calló":"calló/caló"},{rayo:"rayo/rajo"}],"anchor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"ancor-words":["yo","ya","ayuda","llave","calle"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dilin orta kısmını sert damağa yaklaştır ve havayı sürtünmeyle çıkar; ses tellerin titresin.","ipa-transcriptions":{yo:"/ʝo/",ya:"/ʝa/",yema:"/ˈʝema/",llave:"/ˈʝaβe/",calle:"/ˈkaʝe/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",rayo:"/ˈraʝo/",rallo:"/ˈraʎo/",maya:"/ˈmaʝa/",malla:"/ˈmaʎa/","calló":"/kaˈʝo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",ayuda:"/aˈʝuða/",mayo:"/ˈmaʝo/",da:"/da/",tema:"/ˈtema/",yodo:"/ˈʝoðo/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/","caló":"/kaˈlo/",rajo:"/ˈraxo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"a1700bfd-3fff-4a4f-a3e7-9ea20e279f2e"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-fricativas-u03b2",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b, v (between vowels or after non-nasal consonant, e.g. lobo, haBer, aVer) — allophone of /b/",ipa:"/β/"}],tips:{en:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",es:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",nl:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",tr:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/β/","native-letters-involved":"b, v (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal; alófono de /b/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["lobo","saber","lavar","abeja","uva"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"Este sonido es nuevo; el más cercano en inglés es /v/ o una b muy suave entre vocales.",de:"Dieser Laut ist eher neu; am nächsten liegt /v/ oder ein sehr weiches b zwischen Vokalen.",es:["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],fr:"Ce son est assez nouveau ; le plus proche en français est /v/ ou un b très doux entre voyelles.",nl:"Deze klank is vrij nieuw; het dichtstbij is /v/ of een heel zachte b tussen klinkers.",tr:"Bu ses bü

1yük ölçüde yenidir; en yakın ses /v/ ya da ünlüler arasında çok yumuşak bir b sesidir."},"anchor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"ancor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put both lips close together without fully closing them, and let the air pass through softly while voicing.",fr:"Approchez les deux lèvres sans les fermer complètement et laissez passer l’air doucement en faisant vibrer la voix.",de:"Bringe beide Lippen nah zusammen, aber schließe sie nicht ganz, und lass die Luft stimmhaft weich hindurchströmen.",es:"Acerca los dos labios sin cerrarlos del todo y deja pasar el aire suavemente con voz.",nl:"Breng beide lippen dicht bij elkaar zonder ze helemaal te sluiten en laat de lucht zacht met stem ontsnappen.",tr:"İki dudağı tamamen kapatmadan birbirine yaklaştır ve sesi titreştirerek havayı yumuşakça geçir."},"ipa-transcriptions":{lobo:"/ˈloβo/",uva:"/ˈuβa/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",lavar:"/laˈβaɾ/",abeja:"/aˈβexa/",baca:"/ˈbaka/",vaca:"/ˈbaka/",tubo:"/ˈtuβo/",tuvo:"/ˈtuβo/",rebelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",grabar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/",gravar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Fricatives - /β/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b, v (between vowels or after non-nasal consonant, e.g. lobo, haBer, aVer) — allophone of /b/",ipa:"/β/"}],tips:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/β/","native-letters-involved":"b, v (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal; alófono de /b/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["lobo","saber","lavar","abeja","uva"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Este sonido es nuevo; el más cercano en inglés es /v/ o una b muy suave entre vocales.","anchor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"ancor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put both lips close together without fully closing them, and let the air pass through softly while voicing.","ipa-transcriptions":{lobo:"/ˈloβo/",uva:"/ˈuβa/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",lavar:"/laˈβaɾ/",abeja:"/aˈβexa/",baca:"/ˈbaka/",vaca:"/ˈbaka/",tubo:"/ˈtuβo/",tuvo:"/ˈtuβo/",rebelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",grabar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/",gravar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Frikative - /β/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b, v (between vowels or after non-nasal consonant, e.g. lobo, haBer, aVer) — allophone of /b/",ipa:"/β/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/β/","native-letters-involved":"b, v (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal; alófono de /b/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["lobo","saber","lavar","abeja","uva"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut ist eher neu; am nächsten liegt /v/ oder ein sehr weiches b zwischen Vokalen.","anchor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"ancor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Bringe beide Lippen nah zusammen, aber schließe sie nicht ganz, und lass die Luft stimmhaft weich hindurchströmen.","ipa-transcriptions":{lobo:"/ˈloβo/",uva:"/ˈuβa/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",lavar:"/laˈβaɾ/",abeja:"/aˈβexa/",baca:"/ˈbaka/",vaca:"/ˈbaka/",tubo:"/ˈtuβo/",tuvo:"/ˈtuβo/",rebelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",grabar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/",gravar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Fricativas - /β/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b, v (between vowels or after non-nasal consonant, e.g. lobo, haBer, aVer) — allophone of /b/",ipa:"/β/"}],tips:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",scripts:[{IPA:"/β/","native-letters-involved":"b, v (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal; alófono de /b/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["lobo","saber","lavar","abeja","uva"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"anchor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"ancor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Acerca los dos labios sin cerrarlos del todo y deja pasar el aire suavemente con voz.","ipa-transcriptions":{lobo:"/ˈloβo/",uva:"/ˈuβa/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",lavar:"/laˈβaɾ/",abeja:"/aˈβexa/",baca:"/ˈbaka/",vaca:"/ˈbaka/",tubo:"/ˈtuβo/",tuvo:"/ˈtuβo/",rebelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",grabar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/",gravar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Fricatives - /β/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b, v (between vowels or after non-nasal consonant, e.g. lobo, haBer, aVer) — allophone of /b/",ipa:"/β/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/β/","native-letters-involved":"b, v (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal; alófono de /b/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["lobo","saber","lavar","abeja","uva"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est assez nouveau ; le plus proche en français est /v/ ou un b très doux entre voyelles.","anchor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"ancor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Approchez les deux lèvres sans les fermer complètement et laissez passer l’air doucement en faisant vibrer la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{lobo:"/ˈloβo/",uva:"/ˈuβa/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",lavar:"/laˈβaɾ/",abeja:"/aˈβexa/",baca:"/ˈbaka/",vaca:"/ˈbaka/",tubo:"/ˈtuβo/",tuvo:"/ˈtuβo/",rebelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",grabar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/",gravar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Fricatieven - /β/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b, v (between vowels or after non-nasal consonant, e.g. lobo, haBer, aVer) — allophone of /b/",ipa:"/β/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",scripts:[{IPA:"/β/","native-letters-involved":"b, v (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal; alófono de /b/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["lobo","saber","lavar","abeja","uva"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank is vrij nieuw; het dichtstbij is /v/ of een heel zachte b tussen klinkers.","anchor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"ancor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Breng beide lippen dicht bij elkaar zonder ze helemaal te sluiten en laat de lucht zacht met stem ontsnappen.","ipa-transcriptions":{lobo:"/ˈloβo/",uva:"/ˈuβa/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",lavar:"/laˈβaɾ/",abeja:"/aˈβexa/",baca:"/ˈbaka/",vaca:"/ˈbaka/",tubo:"/ˈtuβo/",tuvo:"/ˈtuβo/",rebelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",grabar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/",gravar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Sürtünmeli ünsüzler - /β/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"b, v (between vowels or after non-nasal consonant, e.g. lobo, haBer, aVer) — allophone of /b/",ipa:"/β/"}],tips:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/β/","native-letters-involved":"b, v (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal; alófono de /b/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mispronounced":["lobo","saber","lavar","abeja","uva"]}

1,"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses büyük ölçüde yenidir; en yakın ses /v/ ya da ünlüler arasında çok yumuşak bir b sesidir.","anchor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"ancor-words":["lobo","uva","saber","lavar","abeja"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"İki dudağı tamamen kapatmadan birbirine yaklaştır ve sesi titreştirerek havayı yumuşakça geçir.","ipa-transcriptions":{lobo:"/ˈloβo/",uva:"/ˈuβa/",saber:"/saˈβeɾ/",lavar:"/laˈβaɾ/",abeja:"/aˈβexa/",baca:"/ˈbaka/",vaca:"/ˈbaka/",tubo:"/ˈtuβo/",tuvo:"/ˈtuβo/",rebelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",revelar:"/reβeˈlaɾ/",grabar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/",gravar:"/ɡɾaˈβaɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"cc48e4c4-d72f-457c-a8e0-ceef5bc4c004"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-fricativas-u00f0",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d (between vowels or after non-nasal/non-lateral, e.g. todo, Madrid, lado) — allophone of /d/",ipa:"/ð/"}],tips:{en:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",es:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",nl:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",tr:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/ð/","native-letters-involved":"d (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal ni lateral; alófono de /d/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["todo","lado","dedo","Madrid","nada"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cada","cata"],["nada","nata"],["seda","seta"],["mudo","muro"],["pudo","puro"]],"words-mispronounced":["todo","Madrid","dedo","lado","nada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["this","mother","brother","breathe","other"],de:"Dieser Laut ist im Deutschen neu; am nächsten ist ein weiches /d/ zwischen Vokalen.",es:["nada","cada","dedo","miedo","poder"],fr:"Ce son est nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /d/ doux entre voyelles.",nl:"Deze klank is nieuw in het Nederlands; het dichtstbij is een zachte /d/ tussen klinkers.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede yeni sayılır; en yakın ses ünlüler arasında yumuşak /d/."},"minimal-pairs":[{cada:"cada/cata"},{nada:"nada/nata"},{seda:"seda/seta"},{mudo:"mudo/muro"},{pudo:"pudo/puro"}],"anchor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"ancor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the tongue lightly between the teeth and let the air pass with soft voice; do not fully block it like /d/.",fr:"Place la langue légèrement entre les dents et laisse passer l’air avec la voix; ne bloque pas complètement comme /d/.",de:"Lege die Zunge leicht zwischen die Zähne und lass die Luft mit Stimme durch; nicht ganz verschließen wie bei /d/.",es:"Pon la lengua suavemente entre los dientes y deja pasar el aire con voz; no cierres del todo como en /d/.",nl:"Zet de tong licht tussen de tanden en laat de lucht met stem ontsnappen; sluit niet volledig af zoals bij /d/.",tr:"Dili hafifçe dişlerin arasına koy ve sesi kullanarak havayı geçir; /d/ gibi tam kapatma yapma."},"ipa-transcriptions":{todo:"/ˈto.ðo/",lado:"/ˈla.ðo/",dedo:"/ˈde.ðo/",Madrid:"/maˈðɾið/",nada:"/ˈna.ða/",cada:"/ˈka.ða/",cata:"/ˈka.ta/",nata:"/ˈna.ta/",seda:"/ˈse.ða/",seta:"/ˈse.ta/",mudo:"/ˈmu.ðo/",muro:"/ˈmu.ɾo/",pudo:"/ˈpu.ðo/",puro:"/ˈpu.ɾo/",poder:"/poˈðeɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Fricatives - /ð/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d (between vowels or after non-nasal/non-lateral, e.g. todo, Madrid, lado) — allophone of /d/",ipa:"/ð/"}],tips:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ð/","native-letters-involved":"d (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal ni lateral; alófono de /d/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["todo","lado","dedo","Madrid","nada"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cada","cata"],["nada","nata"],["seda","seta"],["mudo","muro"],["pudo","puro"]],"words-mispronounced":["todo","Madrid","dedo","lado","nada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["this","mother","brother","breathe","other"],"minimal-pairs":[{cada:"cada/cata"},{nada:"nada/nata"},{seda:"seda/seta"},{mudo:"mudo/muro"},{pudo:"pudo/puro"}],"anchor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"ancor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the tongue lightly between the teeth and let the air pass with soft voice;

1 do not fully block it like /d/.","ipa-transcriptions":{todo:"/ˈto.ðo/",lado:"/ˈla.ðo/",dedo:"/ˈde.ðo/",Madrid:"/maˈðɾið/",nada:"/ˈna.ða/",cada:"/ˈka.ða/",cata:"/ˈka.ta/",nata:"/ˈna.ta/",seda:"/ˈse.ða/",seta:"/ˈse.ta/",mudo:"/ˈmu.ðo/",muro:"/ˈmu.ɾo/",pudo:"/ˈpu.ðo/",puro:"/ˈpu.ɾo/",poder:"/poˈðeɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Frikative - /ð/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d (between vowels or after non-nasal/non-lateral, e.g. todo, Madrid, lado) — allophone of /d/",ipa:"/ð/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ð/","native-letters-involved":"d (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal ni lateral; alófono de /d/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["todo","lado","dedo","Madrid","nada"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cada","cata"],["nada","nata"],["seda","seta"],["mudo","muro"],["pudo","puro"]],"words-mispronounced":["todo","Madrid","dedo","lado","nada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut ist im Deutschen neu; am nächsten ist ein weiches /d/ zwischen Vokalen.","minimal-pairs":[{cada:"cada/cata"},{nada:"nada/nata"},{seda:"seda/seta"},{mudo:"mudo/muro"},{pudo:"pudo/puro"}],"anchor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"ancor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zunge leicht zwischen die Zähne und lass die Luft mit Stimme durch; nicht ganz verschließen wie bei /d/.","ipa-transcriptions":{todo:"/ˈto.ðo/",lado:"/ˈla.ðo/",dedo:"/ˈde.ðo/",Madrid:"/maˈðɾið/",nada:"/ˈna.ða/",cada:"/ˈka.ða/",cata:"/ˈka.ta/",nata:"/ˈna.ta/",seda:"/ˈse.ða/",seta:"/ˈse.ta/",mudo:"/ˈmu.ðo/",muro:"/ˈmu.ɾo/",pudo:"/ˈpu.ðo/",puro:"/ˈpu.ɾo/",poder:"/poˈðeɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Fricativas - /ð/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d (between vowels or after non-nasal/non-lateral, e.g. todo, Madrid, lado) — allophone of /d/",ipa:"/ð/"}],tips:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ð/","native-letters-involved":"d (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal ni lateral; alófono de /d/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["todo","lado","dedo","Madrid","nada"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cada","cata"],["nada","nata"],["seda","seta"],["mudo","muro"],["pudo","puro"]],"words-mispronounced":["todo","Madrid","dedo","lado","nada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["nada","cada","dedo","miedo","poder"],"minimal-pairs":[{cada:"cada/cata"},{nada:"nada/nata"},{seda:"seda/seta"},{mudo:"mudo/muro"},{pudo:"pudo/puro"}],"anchor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"ancor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la lengua suavemente entre los dientes y deja pasar el aire con voz; no cierres del todo como en /d/.","ipa-transcriptions":{todo:"/ˈto.ðo/",lado:"/ˈla.ðo/",dedo:"/ˈde.ðo/",Madrid:"/maˈðɾið/",nada:"/ˈna.ða/",cada:"/ˈka.ða/",cata:"/ˈka.ta/",nata:"/ˈna.ta/",seda:"/ˈse.ða/",seta:"/ˈse.ta/",mudo:"/ˈmu.ðo/",muro:"/ˈmu.ɾo/",pudo:"/ˈpu.ðo/",puro:"/ˈpu.ɾo/",poder:"/poˈðeɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Fricatives - /ð/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d (between vowels or after non-nasal/non-lateral, e.g. todo, Madrid, lado) — allophone of /d/",ipa:"/ð/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ð/","native-letters-involved":"d (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal ni lateral; alófono de /d/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["todo","lado","dedo","Madrid","nada"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cada","cata"],["nada","nata"],["seda","seta"],["mudo","muro"],["pudo","puro"]],"words-mispronounced":["todo","Madrid","dedo","lado","nada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est nouveau en français ; le plus proche est /d/ doux entre voyelles.","minimal-pairs":[{cada:"cada/cata"},{nada:"nada/nata"},{seda:"seda/seta"},{mudo:"mudo/muro"},{pudo:"pudo/puro"}],"anchor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"ancor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Place la langue légèrement entre les dents et laisse passer l’air avec la voix; ne bloque pas complètement comme /d/.","ipa-transcriptions":{todo:"/ˈto.ðo/",lado:"/ˈla.ðo/",dedo:"/ˈde.ðo/",Madrid:"/maˈðɾið/",nada:"/ˈna.ða/",cada:"/ˈka.ða/",cata:"/ˈka.ta/",nata:"/ˈna.ta/",seda:"/ˈse.ða/",seta:"/ˈse.ta/",mudo:"/ˈmu.ðo/",muro:"/ˈmu.ɾo/",pudo:"/ˈpu.ðo/",puro:"/ˈpu.ɾo/",poder:"/poˈðeɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Fricatieven - /ð/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d (between vowels or after non-nasal/non-lateral, e.g. todo, Madrid, lado) — allophone of /d/",ipa:"/ð/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ð/","native-letters-involved":"d (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal ni lateral; alófono de /d/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["todo","lado","dedo","Madrid","nada"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cada","cata"],["nada","nata"],["seda","seta"],["mudo","muro"],["pudo","puro"]],"words-mispronounced":["todo","Madrid","dedo","lado","nada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank is nieuw in het Nederlands; het dichtstbij is een zachte /d/ tussen klinkers.","minimal-pairs":[{cada:"cada/cata"},{nada:"nada/nata"},{seda:"seda/seta"},{mudo:"mudo/muro"},{pudo:"pudo/puro"}],"anchor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"ancor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet de tong licht tussen de tanden en laat de lucht met stem ontsnappen; sluit niet volledig af zoals bij /d/.","ipa-transcriptions":{todo:"/ˈto.ðo/",lado:"/ˈla.ðo/",dedo:"/ˈde.ðo/",Madrid:"/maˈðɾið/",nada:"/ˈna.ða/",cada:"/ˈka.ða/",cata:"/ˈka.ta/",nata:"/ˈna.ta/",seda:"/ˈse.ða/",seta:"/ˈse.ta/",mudo:"/ˈmu.ðo/",muro:"/ˈmu.ɾo/",pudo:"/ˈpu.ðo/",puro:"/ˈpu.ɾo/",poder:"/poˈðeɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Sürtünmeli ünsüzler - /ð/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"d (between vowels or after non-nasal/non-lateral, e.g. todo, Madrid, lado) — allophone of /d/",ipa:"/ð/"}],tips:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ð/","native-letters-involved":"d (entre vocales o después de consonante no nasal ni lateral; alófono de /d/)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["todo","lado","dedo","Madrid","nada"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cada","cata"],["nada","nata"],["seda","seta"],["mudo","muro"],["pudo","puro"]],"words-mispronounced":["todo","Madrid","dedo","lado","nada"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede yeni sayılır; en yakın ses ünlüler arasında yumuşak /d/.","minimal-pairs":[{cada:"cada/cata"},{nada:"nada/nata"},{seda:"seda/seta"},{mudo:"mudo/muro"},{pudo:"pudo/puro"}],"anchor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"ancor-words":["todo","lado","dedo","nada","poder"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dili hafifçe dişlerin arasına koy ve sesi kullanarak havayı geçir; /d/ gibi tam kapatma yapma.","ipa-transcriptions":{todo:"/ˈto.ðo/",lado:"/ˈla.ðo/",dedo:"/ˈde.ðo/",Madrid:"/maˈðɾið/",nada:"/ˈna.ða/",cada:"/ˈka.ða/",cata:"/ˈka.ta/",nata:"/ˈna.ta/",seda:"/ˈse.ða/",seta:"/ˈse.ta/",mudo:"/ˈmu.ðo/",muro:"/ˈmu.ɾo/",pudo:"/ˈpu.ðo/",puro:"/ˈpu.ɾo/",poder:"/poˈðeɾ/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"76f80f5e-b4f6-444e-982c-967b037771ed"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-fricativas-u0263",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g (between vowels, e.g. agua, lago, hago) — allophone of /g/",ipa:"/ɣ/"}],tips:{en:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",es:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",nl:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",tr:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/ɣ/","native-letters-involved":"g (entre vocales; alófono de /g/, por ejemplo en agua, lago, hago)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pagar","pecar"],["lago","lado"],["amigo","abrigo"],["agua","aguja"]

1],"words-mispronounced":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:'Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en inglés es /ɡ/ suave entre vocales, como en "bigger" en habla rápida.',de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],fr:"Ce son est nouveau ; le plus proche en français est /ɡ/, mais l'espagnol le relâche entre voyelles.",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:["dağ","bağ","yoğurt","soğan","değil"]},"minimal-pairs":[{gana:"gana/cana"},{goma:"goma/toma"},{paga:"paga/pasa"},{lago:"lago/lado"},{haga:"haga/hada"}],"anchor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"ancor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the back of your tongue close to the soft palate, but do not fully block the air. Let the air pass with a soft friction, like a relaxed g between vowels.",fr:"Approchez l'arrière de la langue du voile du palais sans fermer complètement. L'air passe avec une légère friction : c'est un g relâché entre voyelles.",de:"Führe den Zungenrücken nah an den weichen Gaumen, aber ohne kompletten Verschluss. Die Luft strömt mit leichter Reibung durch, wie ein weiches g zwischen Vokalen.",es:"Acerca la parte posterior de la lengua al velo del paladar, pero sin cerrar del todo. Deja pasar el aire con una fricción suave: es una g relajada entre vocales.",nl:"Breng de achterkant van je tong dicht bij het zachte gehemelte, maar sluit niet helemaal af. Laat de lucht zacht wrijven: een ontspannen g tussen klinkers.",tr:"Dilin arka kısmını yumuşak damağa yaklaştır, ama tam kapatma yapma. Hava hafif sürtünmeyle geçsin; ünlüler arasındaki yumuşak bir g gibi."},"ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",lago:"/ˈlaɣo/",hago:"/ˈaɣo/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/",pagar:"/paˈɣaɾ/",ago:"/ˈaɣo/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lado:"/ˈlaðo/",abrigo:"/aˈβɾiɣo/",aguja:"/aˈɣuxa/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",paga:"/ˈpaɣa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",hada:"/ˈaða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Fricatives - /ɣ/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g (between vowels, e.g. agua, lago, hago) — allophone of /g/",ipa:"/ɣ/"}],tips:"Let the air pass through a narrow gap, creating friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɣ/","native-letters-involved":"g (entre vocales; alófono de /g/, por ejemplo en agua, lago, hago)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pagar","pecar"],["lago","lado"],["amigo","abrigo"],["agua","aguja"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":'Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en inglés es /ɡ/ suave entre vocales, como en "bigger" en habla rápida.',"minimal-pairs":[{gana:"gana/cana"},{goma:"goma/toma"},{paga:"paga/pasa"},{lago:"lago/lado"},{haga:"haga/hada"}],"anchor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"ancor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the back of your tongue close to the soft palate, but do not fully block the air. Let the air pass with a soft friction, like a relaxed g between vowels.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",lago:"/ˈlaɣo/",hago:"/ˈaɣo/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/",pagar:"/paˈɣaɾ/",ago:"/ˈaɣo/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lado:"/ˈlaðo/",abrigo:"/aˈβɾiɣo/",aguja:"/aˈɣuxa/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",paga:"/ˈpaɣa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",hada:"/ˈaða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Frikative - /ɣ/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g (between vowels, e.g. agua, lago, hago) — allophone of /g/",ipa:"/ɣ/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch eine enge Öffnung strömen, um Reibung zu erzeugen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɣ/","native-letters-involved":"g (entre vocales; alófono de /g/, por ejemplo en agua, lago, hago)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pagar","pecar"],["lago","lado"],["amigo","abrigo"],["agua","aguja"]

1],"words-mispronounced":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{gana:"gana/cana"},{goma:"goma/toma"},{paga:"paga/pasa"},{lago:"lago/lado"},{haga:"haga/hada"}],"anchor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"ancor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Führe den Zungenrücken nah an den weichen Gaumen, aber ohne kompletten Verschluss. Die Luft strömt mit leichter Reibung durch, wie ein weiches g zwischen Vokalen.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",lago:"/ˈlaɣo/",hago:"/ˈaɣo/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/",pagar:"/paˈɣaɾ/",ago:"/ˈaɣo/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lado:"/ˈlaðo/",abrigo:"/aˈβɾiɣo/",aguja:"/aˈɣuxa/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",paga:"/ˈpaɣa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",hada:"/ˈaða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Fricativas - /ɣ/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g (between vowels, e.g. agua, lago, hago) — allophone of /g/",ipa:"/ɣ/"}],tips:"Deja pasar el aire por un espacio estrecho, creando fricción.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɣ/","native-letters-involved":"g (entre vocales; alófono de /g/, por ejemplo en agua, lago, hago)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pagar","pecar"],["lago","lado"],["amigo","abrigo"],["agua","aguja"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],"minimal-pairs":[{gana:"gana/cana"},{goma:"goma/toma"},{paga:"paga/pasa"},{lago:"lago/lado"},{haga:"haga/hada"}],"anchor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"ancor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Acerca la parte posterior de la lengua al velo del paladar, pero sin cerrar del todo. Deja pasar el aire con una fricción suave: es una g relajada entre vocales.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",lago:"/ˈlaɣo/",hago:"/ˈaɣo/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/",pagar:"/paˈɣaɾ/",ago:"/ˈaɣo/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lado:"/ˈlaðo/",abrigo:"/aˈβɾiɣo/",aguja:"/aˈɣuxa/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",paga:"/ˈpaɣa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",hada:"/ˈaða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Fricatives - /ɣ/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g (between vowels, e.g. agua, lago, hago) — allophone of /g/",ipa:"/ɣ/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par un espace étroit, créant une friction.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɣ/","native-letters-involved":"g (entre vocales; alófono de /g/, por ejemplo en agua, lago, hago)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pagar","pecar"],["lago","lado"],["amigo","abrigo"],["agua","aguja"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est nouveau ; le plus proche en français est /ɡ/, mais l'espagnol le relâche entre voyelles.","minimal-pairs":[{gana:"gana/cana"},{goma:"goma/toma"},{paga:"paga/pasa"},{lago:"lago/lado"},{haga:"haga/hada"}],"anchor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"ancor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Approchez l'arrière de la langue du voile du palais sans fermer complètement. L'air passe avec une légère friction : c'est un g relâché entre voyelles.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",lago:"/ˈlaɣo/",hago:"/ˈaɣo/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/",pagar:"/paˈɣaɾ/",ago:"/ˈaɣo/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lado:"/ˈlaðo/",abrigo:"/aˈβɾiɣo/",aguja:"/aˈɣuxa/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",paga:"/ˈpaɣa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",hada:"/ˈaða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Fricatieven - /ɣ/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g (between vowels, e.g. agua, lago, hago) — allophone of /g/",ipa:"/ɣ/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door een nauwe opening stromen voor wrijving.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɣ/","native-letters-involved":"g (entre vocales; alófono de /g/, por ejemplo en agua, lago, hago)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pagar","pecar"],["lago","lado"],["amigo","abrigo"],["agua","aguja"]

1],"words-mispronounced":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{gana:"gana/cana"},{goma:"goma/toma"},{paga:"paga/pasa"},{lago:"lago/lado"},{haga:"haga/hada"}],"anchor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"ancor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Breng de achterkant van je tong dicht bij het zachte gehemelte, maar sluit niet helemaal af. Laat de lucht zacht wrijven: een ontspannen g tussen klinkers.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",lago:"/ˈlaɣo/",hago:"/ˈaɣo/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/",pagar:"/paˈɣaɾ/",ago:"/ˈaɣo/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lado:"/ˈlaðo/",abrigo:"/aˈβɾiɣo/",aguja:"/aˈɣuxa/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",paga:"/ˈpaɣa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",hada:"/ˈaða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Sürtünmeli ünsüzler - /ɣ/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"g (between vowels, e.g. agua, lago, hago) — allophone of /g/",ipa:"/ɣ/"}],tips:"Havanın dar bir aralıktan geçerek sürtünme oluşturmasına izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɣ/","native-letters-involved":"g (entre vocales; alófono de /g/, por ejemplo en agua, lago, hago)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pagar","pecar"],["lago","lado"],["amigo","abrigo"],["agua","aguja"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","lago","hago","amigo","pagar"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["dağ","bağ","yoğurt","soğan","değil"],"minimal-pairs":[{gana:"gana/cana"},{goma:"goma/toma"},{paga:"paga/pasa"},{lago:"lago/lado"},{haga:"haga/hada"}],"anchor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"ancor-words":["agua","lago","amigo","pagar","hago"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dilin arka kısmını yumuşak damağa yaklaştır, ama tam kapatma yapma. Hava hafif sürtünmeyle geçsin; ünlüler arasındaki yumuşak bir g gibi.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",lago:"/ˈlaɣo/",hago:"/ˈaɣo/",amigo:"/aˈmiɣo/",pagar:"/paˈɣaɾ/",ago:"/ˈaɣo/",pecar:"/peˈkaɾ/",lado:"/ˈlaðo/",abrigo:"/aˈβɾiɣo/",aguja:"/aˈɣuxa/",gana:"/ˈɡana/",cana:"/ˈkana/",goma:"/ˈɡoma/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",paga:"/ˈpaɣa/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",hada:"/ˈaða/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"5af63071-48fb-4f84-bd43-794cf570e2ad"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-nasales-m",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"m",ipa:"/m/"}],tips:{en:"Let air flow through your nose while blocking your mouth.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par le nez en bloquant la bouche.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch die Nase strömen, während der Mund blockiert ist.",es:"Deja que el aire salga por la nariz mientras bloqueas la boca.",nl:"Laat lucht door je neus stromen terwijl je mond is afgesloten.",tr:"Ağız kapalıyken havayı burundan geçirin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/m/","native-letters-involved":"m","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["masa","maza"],["coma","copa"],["malo","palo"],["cama","cana"],["toma","tona"]],"words-mispronounced":["mismo","también","comer","familia","domingo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["man","mother","summer","time","room"],de:["Mann","Mutter","Sommer","kommen","Name"],es:["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],fr:["maman","merci","tomate","lampe","comme"],nl:["man","moeder","zomer","kamer","komen"],tr:["masa","mavi","elma","tamam","demir"]},"minimal-pairs":[{masa:"masa/pasa"},{malo:"malo/palo"},{cama:"cama/cana"},{coma:"coma/copa"},{toma:"toma/tona"}],"anchor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"ancor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Close your lips gently and let the voice come out through your nose.",fr:"Fermez doucement les lèvres et laissez l’air sortir par le nez avec la voix.",de:"Schließe die Lippen sanft und lass die Stimme durch die Nase ausströmen.",es:"Cierra los labios suavemente y deja salir la voz por la nariz.",nl:"Sluit je lippen zacht en laat de stem door je neus naar buiten gaan.",tr:"Dudaklarını hafifçe kapat ve sesi burundan çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{mano:"/ˈmano/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",camino:"/kaˈmino/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",maza:"/ˈmaθa/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",malo:"/ˈmalo/",palo:"/ˈpalo/",cana:"/ˈkana/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",tona:"/ˈtona/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/","también":"/tamˈbjen/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",familia:"/faˈmilja/",domingo:"/doˈmiŋɡo/","mamá":"/maˈma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Nasals - /m/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"m",ipa:"/m/"}],tips:"Let air flow through your nose while blocking your mouth.",scripts:[{IPA:"/m/","

1native-letters-involved":"m","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["masa","maza"],["coma","copa"],["malo","palo"],["cama","cana"],["toma","tona"]],"words-mispronounced":["mismo","también","comer","familia","domingo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["man","mother","summer","time","room"],"minimal-pairs":[{masa:"masa/pasa"},{malo:"malo/palo"},{cama:"cama/cana"},{coma:"coma/copa"},{toma:"toma/tona"}],"anchor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"ancor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Close your lips gently and let the voice come out through your nose.","ipa-transcriptions":{mano:"/ˈmano/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",camino:"/kaˈmino/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",maza:"/ˈmaθa/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",malo:"/ˈmalo/",palo:"/ˈpalo/",cana:"/ˈkana/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",tona:"/ˈtona/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/","también":"/tamˈbjen/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",familia:"/faˈmilja/",domingo:"/doˈmiŋɡo/","mamá":"/maˈma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Nasale - /m/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"m",ipa:"/m/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch die Nase strömen, während der Mund blockiert ist.",scripts:[{IPA:"/m/","native-letters-involved":"m","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["masa","maza"],["coma","copa"],["malo","palo"],["cama","cana"],["toma","tona"]],"words-mispronounced":["mismo","también","comer","familia","domingo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Mann","Mutter","Sommer","kommen","Name"],"minimal-pairs":[{masa:"masa/pasa"},{malo:"malo/palo"},{cama:"cama/cana"},{coma:"coma/copa"},{toma:"toma/tona"}],"anchor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"ancor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Schließe die Lippen sanft und lass die Stimme durch die Nase ausströmen.","ipa-transcriptions":{mano:"/ˈmano/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",camino:"/kaˈmino/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",maza:"/ˈmaθa/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",malo:"/ˈmalo/",palo:"/ˈpalo/",cana:"/ˈkana/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",tona:"/ˈtona/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/","también":"/tamˈbjen/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",familia:"/faˈmilja/",domingo:"/doˈmiŋɡo/","mamá":"/maˈma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Nasales - /m/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"m",ipa:"/m/"}],tips:"Deja que el aire salga por la nariz mientras bloqueas la boca.",scripts:[{IPA:"/m/","native-letters-involved":"m","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["masa","maza"],["coma","copa"],["malo","palo"],["cama","cana"],["toma","tona"]],"words-mispronounced":["mismo","también","comer","familia","domingo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],"minimal-pairs":[{masa:"masa/pasa"},{malo:"malo/palo"},{cama:"cama/cana"},{coma:"coma/copa"},{toma:"toma/tona"}],"anchor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"ancor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Cierra los labios suavemente y deja salir la voz por la nariz.","ipa-transcriptions":{mano:"/ˈmano/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",camino:"/kaˈmino/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",maza:"/ˈmaθa/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",malo:"/ˈmalo/",palo:"/ˈpalo/",cana:"/ˈkana/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",tona:"/ˈtona/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/","también":"/tamˈbjen/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",familia:"/faˈmilja/",domingo:"/doˈmiŋɡo/","mamá":"/maˈma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Nasales - /m/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"m",ipa:"/m/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par le nez en bloquant la bouche.",scripts:[{IPA:"/m/","native-letters-involved":"m","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["masa","maza"],["coma","copa"],["malo","palo"],["cama","cana"],["toma","tona"]],"words-mispronounced":["mismo","también","comer","familia","domingo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["maman","merci","tomate","lampe","comme"],"minimal-pairs":[{masa:"masa/pasa"},{malo:"malo/palo"},{cama:"cama/cana"},{coma:"coma/copa"},{toma:"toma/tona"}],"anchor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"ancor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Fermez doucement les lèvres et laissez l’air sortir par le nez avec la voix.","ipa-transcriptions":{mano:"/ˈmano/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",camino:"/kaˈmino/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",maza:"/ˈmaθa/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",malo:"/ˈmalo/",palo:"/ˈpalo/",cana:"/ˈkana/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",tona:"/ˈtona/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/","también":"/tamˈbjen/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",familia:"/faˈmilja/",domingo:"/doˈmiŋɡo/","mamá":"/maˈma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Neusklinkers - /m/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"m",ipa:"/m/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door je neus stromen terwijl je mond is afgesloten.",scripts:[{IPA:"/m/","

1native-letters-involved":"m","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["masa","maza"],["coma","copa"],["malo","palo"],["cama","cana"],["toma","tona"]],"words-mispronounced":["mismo","también","comer","familia","domingo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["man","moeder","zomer","kamer","komen"],"minimal-pairs":[{masa:"masa/pasa"},{malo:"malo/palo"},{cama:"cama/cana"},{coma:"coma/copa"},{toma:"toma/tona"}],"anchor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"ancor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Sluit je lippen zacht en laat de stem door je neus naar buiten gaan.","ipa-transcriptions":{mano:"/ˈmano/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",camino:"/kaˈmino/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",maza:"/ˈmaθa/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",malo:"/ˈmalo/",palo:"/ˈpalo/",cana:"/ˈkana/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",tona:"/ˈtona/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/","también":"/tamˈbjen/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",familia:"/faˈmilja/",domingo:"/doˈmiŋɡo/","mamá":"/maˈma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Nazaller - /m/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"m",ipa:"/m/"}],tips:"Ağız kapalıyken havayı burundan geçirin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/m/","native-letters-involved":"m","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["mano","mesa","cama","tomate","camino"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["masa","maza"],["coma","copa"],["malo","palo"],["cama","cana"],["toma","tona"]],"words-mispronounced":["mismo","también","comer","familia","domingo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["masa","mavi","elma","tamam","demir"],"minimal-pairs":[{masa:"masa/pasa"},{malo:"malo/palo"},{cama:"cama/cana"},{coma:"coma/copa"},{toma:"toma/tona"}],"anchor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"ancor-words":["mamá","mano","mesa","comer","camino"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dudaklarını hafifçe kapat ve sesi burundan çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{mano:"/ˈmano/",mesa:"/ˈmesa/",cama:"/ˈkama/",tomate:"/toˈmate/",camino:"/kaˈmino/",masa:"/ˈmasa/",maza:"/ˈmaθa/",coma:"/ˈkoma/",copa:"/ˈkopa/",malo:"/ˈmalo/",palo:"/ˈpalo/",cana:"/ˈkana/",toma:"/ˈtoma/",tona:"/ˈtona/",mismo:"/ˈmizmo/","también":"/tamˈbjen/",comer:"/koˈmeɾ/",familia:"/faˈmilja/",domingo:"/doˈmiŋɡo/","mamá":"/maˈma/",pasa:"/ˈpasa/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"de3ffc23-42cd-4dc8-9354-fd1cf8e6370b"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-nasales-n",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"n",ipa:"/n/"}],tips:{en:"Let air flow through your nose while blocking your mouth.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par le nez en bloquant la bouche.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch die Nase strömen, während der Mund blockiert ist.",es:"Deja que el aire salga por la nariz mientras bloqueas la boca.",nl:"Laat lucht door je neus stromen terwijl je mond is afgesloten.",tr:"Ağız kapalıyken havayı burundan geçirin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/n/","native-letters-involved":"n","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cana","cama"],["pena","peña"],["tono","todo"],["sana","sala"],["vino","vivo"]],"words-mispronounced":["nunca","enano","invierno","banana","ventana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["no","name","sun","ten","nine"],de:["nein","Name","Sonne","neun","Mann"],es:["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],fr:["non","nez","année","venir","lune"],nl:["nee","naam","zon","negen","man"],tr:["ne","anne","on","insan","gün"]},"minimal-pairs":[{nada:"nada/nata"},{pena:"pena/peña"},{cana:"cana/cama"},{tono:"tono/todo"},{sana:"sana/sala"}],"anchor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"ancor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the tip of your tongue on the ridge behind your upper teeth and let the air go out through your nose.",fr:"Posez la pointe de la langue derrière les dents du haut et laissez l’air sortir par le nez.",de:"Lege die Zungenspitze an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen und lasse die Luft durch die Nase ausströmen.",es:"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja salir el aire por la nariz.",nl:"Zet het puntje van je tong achter je boventanden en laat de lucht door je neus gaan.",tr:"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin arkasına koy ve havayı burundan çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{nada:"/ˈnaða/",mano:"/ˈmano/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",vino:"/ˈbino/",luna:"/ˈluna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",cama:"/ˈkama/",pena:"/ˈpena/","peña":"/ˈpeɲa/",tono:"/ˈtono/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/",sana:"/ˈsana/",sala:"/ˈsala/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",nunca:"/ˈnuŋka/",enano:"/eˈnano/",invierno:"/imˈbjeɾno/",banana:"/baˈnana/",ventana:"/benˈtana/",nata:"/ˈnata/",no:"/no/",nene:"/ˈnene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Nasals - /n/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"n",ipa:"/n/"}],tips:"Let air flow through your nose while blocking your mouth.",scripts:[{IPA:"/n/","native-letters-involved":"n","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cana","cama"],["pena","peña"],["tono","todo"],["sana","sala"],["vino","vivo"]],"words-mispronounced":["nunca","enano","invierno","banana","ventana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["no","name","sun","ten","nine"],"minimal-pairs":[{nada:"nada/nata"},{pena:"pena/peña"},{cana:"cana/cama"},{tono:"tono/todo"},{sana:"sana/sala"}],"anchor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"ancor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the tip of your tongue on the ridge behind your upper teeth and let the air go out through your nose.","ipa-transcriptions":{nada:"/ˈnaða/",mano:"/ˈmano/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",vino:"/ˈbino/",luna:"/ˈluna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",cama:"/ˈkama/",pena:"/ˈpena/","peña":"/ˈpeɲa/",tono:"/ˈtono/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/",sana:"/ˈsana/",sala:"/ˈsala/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",nunca:"/ˈnuŋka/",enano:"/eˈnano/",invierno:"/imˈbjeɾno/",banana:"/baˈnana/",ventana:"/benˈtana/",nata:"/ˈnata/",no:"/no/",nene:"/ˈnene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Nasale - /n/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"n",ipa:"/n/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch die Nase strömen, während der Mund blockiert ist.",scripts:[{IPA:"/n/","native-letters-involved":"n","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cana","cama"],["pena","peña"],["tono","todo"],["sana","sala"],["vino","vivo"]],"words-mispronounced":["nunca","enano","invierno","banana","ventana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["nein","Name","Sonne","neun","Mann"],"minimal-pairs":[{nada:"nada/nata"},{pena:"pena/peña"},{cana:"cana/cama"},{tono:"tono/todo"},{sana:"sana/sala"}],"anchor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"ancor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zungenspitze an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen und lasse die Luft durch die Nase ausströmen.","ipa-transcriptions":{nada:"/ˈnaða/",mano:"/ˈmano/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",vino:"/ˈbino/",luna:"/ˈluna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",cama:"/ˈkama/",pena:"/ˈpena/","peña":"/ˈpeɲa/",tono:"/ˈtono/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/",sana:"/ˈsana/",sala:"/ˈsala/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",nunca:"/ˈnuŋka/",enano:"/eˈnano/",invierno:"/imˈbjeɾno/",banana:"/baˈnana/",ventana:"/benˈtana/",nata:"/ˈnata/",no:"/no/",nene:"/ˈnene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Nasales - /n/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"n",ipa:"/n/"}],tips:"Deja que el aire salga por la nariz mientras bloqueas la boca.",scripts:[{IPA:"/n/","native-letters-involved":"n","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cana","cama"],["pena","peña"],["tono","todo"],["sana","sala"],["vino","vivo"]],"words-mispronounced":["nunca","enano","invierno","banana","ventana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],"minimal-pairs":[{nada:"nada/nata"},{pena:"pena/peña"},{cana:"cana/cama"},{tono:"tono/todo"},{sana:"sana/sala"}],"anchor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"ancor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja salir el aire por la nariz.","ipa-transcriptions":{nada:"/ˈnaða/",mano:"/ˈmano/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",vino:"/ˈbino/",luna:"/ˈluna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",cama:"/ˈkama/",pena:"/ˈpena/","peña":"/ˈpeɲa/",tono:"/ˈtono/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/",sana:"/ˈsana/",sala:"/ˈsala/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",nunca:"/ˈnuŋka/",enano:"/eˈnano/",invierno:"/imˈbjeɾno/",banana:"/baˈnana/",ventana:"/benˈtana/",nata:"/ˈnata/",no:"/no/",nene:"/ˈnene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Nasales - /n/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"n",ipa:"/n/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par le nez en bloquant la bouche.",scripts:[{IPA:"/n/","native-letters-involved":"n","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cana","cama"],["pena","peña"],["tono","todo"],["sana","sala"],["vino","vivo"]],"words-mispronounced":["nunca","enano","invierno","banana","ventana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["non","nez","année","venir","lune"],"minimal-pairs":[{nada:"nada/nata"},{pena:"pena/peña"},{cana:"cana/cama"},{tono:"tono/todo"},{sana:"sana/sala"}],"anchor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"ancor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Posez la pointe de la langue derrière les dents du haut et laissez l’air sortir par le nez.","ipa-transcriptions":{nada:"/ˈnaða/",mano:"/ˈmano/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",vino:"/ˈbino/",luna:"/ˈluna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",cama:"/ˈkama/",pena:"/ˈpena/","peña":"/ˈpeɲa/",tono:"/ˈtono/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/",sana:"/ˈsana/",sala:"/ˈsala/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",nunca:"/ˈnuŋka/",enano:"/eˈnano/",invierno:"/imˈbjeɾno/",banana:"/baˈnana/",ventana:"/benˈtana/",nata:"/ˈnata/",no:"/no/",nene:"/ˈnene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Neusklinkers - /n/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"n",ipa:"/n/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door je neus stromen terwijl je mond is afgesloten.",scripts:[{IPA:"/n/","native-letters-involved":"n","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cana","cama"],["pena","peña"],["tono","todo"],["sana","sala"],["vino","vivo"]],"words-mispronounced":["nunca","enano","invierno","banana","ventana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["nee","naam","zon","negen","man"],"minimal-pairs":[{nada:"nada/nata"},{pena:"pena/peña"},{cana:"cana/cama"},{tono:"tono/todo"},{sana:"sana/sala"}],"anchor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"ancor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet het puntje van je tong achter je boventanden en laat de lucht door je neus gaan.","ipa-transcriptions":{nada:"/ˈnaða/",mano:"/ˈmano/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",vino:"/ˈbino/",luna:"/ˈluna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",cama:"/ˈkama/",pena:"/ˈpena/","peña":"/ˈpeɲa/",tono:"/ˈtono/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/",sana:"/ˈsana/",sala:"/ˈsala/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",nunca:"/ˈnuŋka/",enano:"/eˈnano/",invierno:"/imˈbjeɾno/",banana:"/baˈnana/",ventana:"/benˈtana/",nata:"/ˈnata/",no:"/no/",nene:"/ˈnene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Nazaller - /n/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"n",ipa:"/n/"}],tips:"Ağız kapalıyken havayı burundan geçirin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/n/","native-letters-involved":"n","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["nada","mano","tener","vino","luna"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cana","cama"],["pena","peña"],["tono","todo"],["sana","sala"],["vino","vivo"]],"words-mispronounced":["nunca","enano","invierno","banana","ventana"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["ne","anne","on","insan","gün"],"minimal-pairs":[{nada:"nada/nata"},{pena:"pena/peña"},{cana:"cana/cama"},{tono:"tono/todo"},{sana:"sana/sala"}],"anchor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"ancor-words":["no","nene","mano","tener","ventana"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin arkasına koy ve havayı burundan çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{nada:"/ˈnaða/",mano:"/ˈmano/",tener:"/teˈneɾ/",vino:"/ˈbino/",luna:"/ˈluna/",cana:"/ˈkana/",cama:"/ˈkama/",pena:"/ˈpena/","peña":"/ˈpeɲa/",tono:"/ˈtono/",todo:"/ˈtoðo/",sana:"/ˈsana/",sala:"/ˈsala/",vivo:"/ˈbiβo/",nunca:"/ˈnuŋka/",enano:"/eˈnano/",invierno:"/imˈbjeɾno/",banana:"/baˈnana/",ventana:"/benˈtana/",nata:"/ˈnata/",no:"/no/",nene:"/ˈnene/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"096c70a6-c9e6-4da4-b205-4f891b447d90"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-nasales-u0272",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ñ (e.g. año, niña, España, mañana)",ipa:"/ɲ/"}],tips:{en:"Let air flow through your nose while blocking your mouth.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer par le nez en bloquant la bouche.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch die Nase strömen, während der Mund blockiert ist.",es:"Deja que el aire salga por la nariz mientras bloqueas la boca.",nl:"Laat lucht door je neus stromen terwijl je mond is afgesloten.",tr:"Ağız kapalıyken havayı burundan geçirin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/ɲ/","native-letters-involved":"ñ","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["año","ano"],["caña","cana"],["niño","nido"],["seña","sena"],["uña","una"]],"words-mispronounced":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"This sound is not present in standard English. Spellings like 'ny' in 'canyon' are only approximations and do not match French /ɲ/ exactly.",de:"Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en alemán es /nj/ en algunas secuencias con j.",es:["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],fr:["montagne","agneau","peignoir","mignon","compagnon"],nl:"Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en neerlandés es /nj/ en secuencias como 'oranje'.",tr:"Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en turco es /nj/ en secuencias como 'dünya'."},"minimal-pairs":[{"caña":"caña/cana"},{"año":"año/ano"}

1,{"uña":"uña/una"},{"seña":"seña/sena"},{"niño":"niño/nido"}],"anchor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"ancor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the middle of your tongue against the hard palate and let the air go through your nose, like Spanish ñ.",fr:"Placez le milieu de la langue contre le palais dur et laissez passer l’air par le nez, comme le ñ espagnol.",de:"Lege die Zungenmitte an den harten Gaumen und lass die Luft durch die Nase entweichen, wie bei spanischem ñ.",es:"Pon la parte media de la lengua contra el paladar duro y deja salir el aire por la nariz, como en ñ.",nl:"Plaats het midden van je tong tegen het harde gehemelte en laat de lucht door je neus gaan, zoals bij de Spaanse ñ.",tr:"Dilin orta kısmını sert damağa değdir ve havayı burundan çıkar; İspanyolca ñ sesi gibi."},"ipa-transcriptions":{"año":"/ˈaɲo/","niña":"/ˈniɲa/","España":"/esˈpaɲa/","mañana":"/maˈɲana/","señor":"/seˈɲoɾ/",ano:"/ˈano/","caña":"/ˈkaɲa/",cana:"/ˈkana/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/",nido:"/ˈniðo/","seña":"/ˈseɲa/",sena:"/ˈsena/","uña":"/ˈuɲa/",una:"/ˈuna/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Nasals - /ɲ/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ñ (e.g. año, niña, España, mañana)",ipa:"/ɲ/"}],tips:"Let air flow through your nose while blocking your mouth.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɲ/","native-letters-involved":"ñ","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["año","ano"],["caña","cana"],["niño","nido"],["seña","sena"],["uña","una"]],"words-mispronounced":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"This sound is not present in standard English. Spellings like 'ny' in 'canyon' are only approximations and do not match French /ɲ/ exactly.","minimal-pairs":[{"caña":"caña/cana"},{"año":"año/ano"},{"uña":"uña/una"},{"seña":"seña/sena"},{"niño":"niño/nido"}],"anchor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"ancor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the middle of your tongue against the hard palate and let the air go through your nose, like Spanish ñ.","ipa-transcriptions":{"año":"/ˈaɲo/","niña":"/ˈniɲa/","España":"/esˈpaɲa/","mañana":"/maˈɲana/","señor":"/seˈɲoɾ/",ano:"/ˈano/","caña":"/ˈkaɲa/",cana:"/ˈkana/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/",nido:"/ˈniðo/","seña":"/ˈseɲa/",sena:"/ˈsena/","uña":"/ˈuɲa/",una:"/ˈuna/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Nasale - /ɲ/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ñ (e.g. año, niña, España, mañana)",ipa:"/ɲ/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft durch die Nase strömen, während der Mund blockiert ist.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɲ/","native-letters-involved":"ñ","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["año","ano"],["caña","cana"],["niño","nido"],["seña","sena"],["uña","una"]],"words-mispronounced":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en alemán es /nj/ en algunas secuencias con j.","minimal-pairs":[{"caña":"caña/cana"},{"año":"año/ano"},{"uña":"uña/una"},{"seña":"seña/sena"},{"niño":"niño/nido"}],"anchor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"ancor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zungenmitte an den harten Gaumen und lass die Luft durch die Nase entweichen, wie bei spanischem ñ.","ipa-transcriptions":{"año":"/ˈaɲo/","niña":"/ˈniɲa/","España":"/esˈpaɲa/","mañana":"/maˈɲana/","señor":"/seˈɲoɾ/",ano:"/ˈano/","caña":"/ˈkaɲa/",cana:"/ˈkana/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/",nido:"/ˈniðo/","seña":"/ˈseɲa/",sena:"/ˈsena/","uña":"/ˈuɲa/",una:"/ˈuna/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Nasales - /ɲ/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ñ (e.g. año, niña, España, mañana)",ipa:"/ɲ/"}],tips:"Deja que el aire salga por la nariz mientras bloqueas la boca.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɲ/","native-letters-involved":"ñ","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["año","ano"],["caña","cana"],["niño","nido"],["seña","sena"],["uña","una"]],"words-mispronounced":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],"minimal-pairs":[{"caña":"caña/cana"},{"año":"año/ano"}

1,{"uña":"uña/una"},{"seña":"seña/sena"},{"niño":"niño/nido"}],"anchor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"ancor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la parte media de la lengua contra el paladar duro y deja salir el aire por la nariz, como en ñ.","ipa-transcriptions":{"año":"/ˈaɲo/","niña":"/ˈniɲa/","España":"/esˈpaɲa/","mañana":"/maˈɲana/","señor":"/seˈɲoɾ/",ano:"/ˈano/","caña":"/ˈkaɲa/",cana:"/ˈkana/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/",nido:"/ˈniðo/","seña":"/ˈseɲa/",sena:"/ˈsena/","uña":"/ˈuɲa/",una:"/ˈuna/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Nasales - /ɲ/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ñ (e.g. año, niña, España, mañana)",ipa:"/ɲ/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer par le nez en bloquant la bouche.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɲ/","native-letters-involved":"ñ","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["año","ano"],["caña","cana"],["niño","nido"],["seña","sena"],["uña","una"]],"words-mispronounced":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["montagne","agneau","peignoir","mignon","compagnon"],"minimal-pairs":[{"caña":"caña/cana"},{"año":"año/ano"},{"uña":"uña/una"},{"seña":"seña/sena"},{"niño":"niño/nido"}],"anchor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"ancor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Placez le milieu de la langue contre le palais dur et laissez passer l’air par le nez, comme le ñ espagnol.","ipa-transcriptions":{"año":"/ˈaɲo/","niña":"/ˈniɲa/","España":"/esˈpaɲa/","mañana":"/maˈɲana/","señor":"/seˈɲoɾ/",ano:"/ˈano/","caña":"/ˈkaɲa/",cana:"/ˈkana/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/",nido:"/ˈniðo/","seña":"/ˈseɲa/",sena:"/ˈsena/","uña":"/ˈuɲa/",una:"/ˈuna/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Neusklinkers - /ɲ/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ñ (e.g. año, niña, España, mañana)",ipa:"/ɲ/"}],tips:"Laat lucht door je neus stromen terwijl je mond is afgesloten.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɲ/","native-letters-involved":"ñ","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["año","ano"],["caña","cana"],["niño","nido"],["seña","sena"],["uña","una"]],"words-mispronounced":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en neerlandés es /nj/ en secuencias como 'oranje'.","minimal-pairs":[{"caña":"caña/cana"},{"año":"año/ano"},{"uña":"uña/una"},{"seña":"seña/sena"},{"niño":"niño/nido"}],"anchor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"ancor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Plaats het midden van je tong tegen het harde gehemelte en laat de lucht door je neus gaan, zoals bij de Spaanse ñ.","ipa-transcriptions":{"año":"/ˈaɲo/","niña":"/ˈniɲa/","España":"/esˈpaɲa/","mañana":"/maˈɲana/","señor":"/seˈɲoɾ/",ano:"/ˈano/","caña":"/ˈkaɲa/",cana:"/ˈkana/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/",nido:"/ˈniðo/","seña":"/ˈseɲa/",sena:"/ˈsena/","uña":"/ˈuɲa/",una:"/ˈuna/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Nazaller - /ɲ/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ñ (e.g. año, niña, España, mañana)",ipa:"/ɲ/"}],tips:"Ağız kapalıyken havayı burundan geçirin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɲ/","native-letters-involved":"ñ","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["año","ano"],["caña","cana"],["niño","nido"],["seña","sena"],["uña","una"]],"words-mispronounced":["año","niña","España","mañana","señor"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en turco es /nj/ en secuencias como 'dünya'.","minimal-pairs":[{"caña":"caña/cana"},{"año":"año/ano"},{"uña":"uña/una"},{"seña":"seña/sena"},{"niño":"niño/nido"}],"anchor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"ancor-words":["año","niña","mañana","señor","España"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dilin orta kısmını sert damağa değdir ve havayı burundan çıkar; İspanyolca ñ sesi gibi.","ipa-transcriptions":{"año":"/ˈaɲo/","niña":"/ˈniɲa/","España":"/esˈpaɲa/","mañana":"/maˈɲana/","señor":"/seˈɲoɾ/",ano:"/ˈano/","caña":"/ˈkaɲa/",cana:"/ˈkana/","niño":"/ˈniɲo/",nido:"/ˈniðo/","seña":"/ˈseɲa/",sena:"/ˈsena/","uña":"/ˈuɲa/",una:"/ˈuna/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"f198b8de-cb5f-44dd-8483-0b8957859398"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-laterales-l",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"l",ipa:"/l/"}],tips:{en:"Let air flow along the sides of your tongue.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer sur les côtés de la langue.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft an den Seiten der Zunge entlang strömen.",es:"Deja que el aire pase por los lados de la lengua.",nl:"Laat lucht langs de zijkanten van je tong stromen.",tr:"Havanın dilinizin yanlarından geçmesine izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/l/","native-letters-involved":"l","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["lata","rata"],["pala","para"],["cola","cora"],["vela","vera"],["polo","poro"]],"words-mispronounced":["luna","clase","familia","pelota","salir"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["light","look","milk","blue","glass"],de:["Lampe","Liebe","Ball","blau","Schule"],es:["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],fr:["lire","lune","salade","école","ville"],nl:["lamp","lepel","bal","blauw","school"],tr:["lale","limon","bal","kolay","salon"]},"minimal-pairs":[{lata:"lata/rata"},{pala:"pala/para"},{cola:"cola/cora"},{vela:"vela/vera"},{polo:"polo/poro"}],"anchor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"ancor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the tip of your tongue on the ridge behind your upper teeth and let the air flow along the sides.",fr:"Pose le bout de la langue derrière les dents du haut et laisse passer l’air sur les côtés.",de:"Lege die Zungenspitze hinter die oberen Zähne und lass die Luft an den Seiten entweichen.",es:"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja salir el aire por los lados.",nl:"Zet het puntje van je tong achter je boventanden en laat de lucht langs de zijkanten ontsnappen.",tr:"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin hemen arkasına koy ve havayı dilin yanlarından çıkar."},"ipa-transcriptions":{lado:"/ˈlaðo/",luna:"/ˈluna/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",sal:"/sal/",clase:"/ˈklase/",lata:"/ˈlata/",rata:"/ˈrata/",pala:"/ˈpala/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",cola:"/ˈkola/",cora:"/ˈkoɾa/",vela:"/ˈbela/",vera:"/ˈbeɾa/",polo:"/ˈpolo/",poro:"/ˈpoɾo/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",pelota:"/peˈlota/",salir:"/saˈliɾ/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",sol:"/sol/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Laterals - /l/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"l",ipa:"/l/"}],tips:"Let air flow along the sides of your tongue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/l/","native-letters-involved":"l","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["lata","rata"],["pala","para"],["cola","cora"],["vela","vera"],["polo","poro"]],"words-mispronounced":["luna","clase","familia","pelota","salir"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["light","look","milk","blue","glass"],"minimal-pairs":[{lata:"lata/rata"},{pala:"pala/para"},{cola:"cola/cora"},{vela:"vela/vera"},{polo:"polo/poro"}],"anchor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"ancor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the tip of your tongue on the ridge behind your upper teeth and let the air flow along the sides.","ipa-transcriptions":{lado:"/ˈlaðo/",luna:"/ˈluna/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",sal:"/sal/",clase:"/ˈklase/",lata:"/ˈlata/",rata:"/ˈrata/",pala:"/ˈpala/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",cola:"/ˈkola/",cora:"/ˈkoɾa/",vela:"/ˈbela/",vera:"/ˈbeɾa/",polo:"/ˈpolo/",poro:"/ˈpoɾo/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",pelota:"/peˈlota/",salir:"/saˈliɾ/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",sol:"/sol/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Laterale - /l/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"l",ipa:"/l/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft an den Seiten der Zunge entlang strömen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/l/","native-letters-involved":"l","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["lata","rata"],["pala","para"],["cola","cora"],["vela","vera"],["polo","poro"]],"words-mispronounced":["luna","clase","familia","pelota","salir"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["Lampe","Liebe","Ball","blau","Schule"],"minimal-pairs":[{lata:"lata/rata"},{pala:"pala/para"},{cola:"cola/cora"},{vela:"vela/vera"},{polo:"polo/poro"}],"anchor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"ancor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zungenspitze hinter die oberen Zähne und lass die Luft an den Seiten entweichen.","ipa-transcriptions":{lado:"/ˈlaðo/",luna:"/ˈluna/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",sal:"/sal/",clase:"/ˈklase/",lata:"/ˈlata/",rata:"/ˈrata/",pala:"/ˈpala/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",cola:"/ˈkola/",cora:"/ˈkoɾa/",vela:"/ˈbela/",vera:"/ˈbeɾa/",polo:"/ˈpolo/",poro:"/ˈpoɾo/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",pelota:"/peˈlota/",salir:"/saˈliɾ/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",sol:"/sol/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Laterales - /l/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"l",ipa:"/l/"}],tips:"Deja que el aire pase por los lados de la lengua.",scripts:[{IPA:"/l/","native-letters-involved":"l","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["lata","rata"],["pala","para"],["cola","cora"],["vela","vera"],["polo","poro"]],"words-mispronounced":["luna","clase","familia","pelota","salir"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],"minimal-pairs":[{lata:"lata/rata"},{pala:"pala/para"},{cola:"cola/cora"},{vela:"vela/vera"},{polo:"polo/poro"}],"anchor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"ancor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja salir el aire por los lados.","ipa-transcriptions":{lado:"/ˈlaðo/",luna:"/ˈluna/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",sal:"/sal/",clase:"/ˈklase/",lata:"/ˈlata/",rata:"/ˈrata/",pala:"/ˈpala/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",cola:"/ˈkola/",cora:"/ˈkoɾa/",vela:"/ˈbela/",vera:"/ˈbeɾa/",polo:"/ˈpolo/",poro:"/ˈpoɾo/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",pelota:"/peˈlota/",salir:"/saˈliɾ/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",sol:"/sol/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Latérales - /l/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"l",ipa:"/l/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer sur les côtés de la langue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/l/","native-letters-involved":"l","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["lata","rata"],["pala","para"],["cola","cora"],["vela","vera"],["polo","poro"]],"words-mispronounced":["luna","clase","familia","pelota","salir"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["lire","lune","salade","école","ville"],"minimal-pairs":[{lata:"lata/rata"},{pala:"pala/para"},{cola:"cola/cora"},{vela:"vela/vera"},{polo:"polo/poro"}],"anchor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"ancor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pose le bout de la langue derrière les dents du haut et laisse passer l’air sur les côtés.","ipa-transcriptions":{lado:"/ˈlaðo/",luna:"/ˈluna/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",sal:"/sal/",clase:"/ˈklase/",lata:"/ˈlata/",rata:"/ˈrata/",pala:"/ˈpala/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",cola:"/ˈkola/",cora:"/ˈkoɾa/",vela:"/ˈbela/",vera:"/ˈbeɾa/",polo:"/ˈpolo/",poro:"/ˈpoɾo/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",pelota:"/peˈlota/",salir:"/saˈliɾ/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",sol:"/sol/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Lateralen - /l/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"l",ipa:"/l/"}],tips:"Laat lucht langs de zijkanten van je tong stromen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/l/","native-letters-involved":"l","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["lata","rata"],["pala","para"],["cola","cora"],["vela","vera"],["polo","poro"]],"words-mispronounced":["luna","clase","familia","pelota","salir"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["lamp","lepel","bal","blauw","school"],"minimal-pairs":[{lata:"lata/rata"},{pala:"pala/para"},{cola:"cola/cora"},{vela:"vela/vera"},{polo:"polo/poro"}],"anchor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"ancor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet het puntje van je tong achter je boventanden en laat de lucht langs de zijkanten ontsnappen.","ipa-transcriptions":{lado:"/ˈlaðo/",luna:"/ˈluna/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",sal:"/sal/",clase:"/ˈklase/",lata:"/ˈlata/",rata:"/ˈrata/",pala:"/ˈpala/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",cola:"/ˈkola/",cora:"/ˈkoɾa/",vela:"/ˈbela/",vera:"/ˈbeɾa/",polo:"/ˈpolo/",poro:"/ˈpoɾo/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",pelota:"/peˈlota/",salir:"/saˈliɾ/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",sol:"/sol/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Yanal ünsüzler - /l/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"l",ipa:"/l/"}],tips:"Havanın dilinizin yanlarından geçmesine izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/l/","native-letters-involved":"l","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["lado","luna","pelo","sal","clase"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["lata","rata"],["pala","para"],["cola","cora"],["vela","vera"],["polo","poro"]],"words-mispronounced":["luna","clase","familia","pelota","salir"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["lale","limon","bal","kolay","salon"],"minimal-pairs":[{lata:"lata/rata"},{pala:"pala/para"},{cola:"cola/cora"},{vela:"vela/vera"},{polo:"polo/poro"}],"anchor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"ancor-words":["luna","leche","sol","pelota","familia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin hemen arkasına koy ve havayı dilin yanlarından çıkar.","ipa-transcriptions":{lado:"/ˈlaðo/",luna:"/ˈluna/",pelo:"/ˈpelo/",sal:"/sal/",clase:"/ˈklase/",lata:"/ˈlata/",rata:"/ˈrata/",pala:"/ˈpala/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",cola:"/ˈkola/",cora:"/ˈkoɾa/",vela:"/ˈbela/",vera:"/ˈbeɾa/",polo:"/ˈpolo/",poro:"/ˈpoɾo/",fam

1ilia:"/faˈmilja/",pelota:"/peˈlota/",salir:"/saˈliɾ/",leche:"/ˈletʃe/",sol:"/sol/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"ac5f0cc5-fc75-48b4-8335-e416ad3c9587"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-laterales-u028e",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ll (in dialects without yeísmo, e.g. llave, calle) — merged with /ʝ/ in most modern Spanish",ipa:"/ʎ/"}],tips:{en:"Let air flow along the sides of your tongue.",fr:"Laissez l'air passer sur les côtés de la langue.",de:"Lassen Sie die Luft an den Seiten der Zunge entlang strömen.",es:"Deja que el aire pase por los lados de la lengua.",nl:"Laat lucht langs de zijkanten van je tong stromen.",tr:"Havanın dilinizin yanlarından geçmesine izin verin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/ʎ/","native-letters-involved":"ll (en dialectos sin yeísmo, p. ej. llave, calle); en la mayor parte del español moderno se ha fusionado con /ʝ/","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["halla","haya"],["calló","cayó"],["valla","vaya"],["pollo","poyo"],["arrollo","arroyo"]],"words-mispronounced":["lluvia","llorar","lleno","calle","llave"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:"Este sonido es nuevo para la mayoría de hablantes de inglés; el más cercano es /lj/ como en million en algunas pronunciaciones.",de:"Dieser Laut ist für die meisten Deutschsprachigen neu; am nächsten kommt /lj/ wie in Million.",es:["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],fr:"Ce son est nouveau pour la plupart des francophones ; le plus proche est /lj/ dans million.",nl:"Deze klank is nieuw voor de meeste Nederlandstaligen; het dichtstbij is /lj/ zoals in miljoen.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede genelde yeni bir sestir; en yakın karşılık /lj/ dizisidir."},"minimal-pairs":[{llama:"llama/yama"},{halla:"halla/haya"},{"calló":"calló/cayó"},{valla:"valla/vaya"},{pollo:"pollo/poyo"}],"anchor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"ancor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the middle of your tongue against the hard palate and let the air flow along the sides, like a soft palatal l.",fr:"Placez le milieu de la langue contre le palais dur et laissez passer l’air sur les côtés, comme un l palatal doux.",de:"Lege die Zungenmitte an den harten Gaumen und lass die Luft seitlich entweichen, wie ein weiches palatales l.",es:"Pon la parte media de la lengua contra el paladar duro y deja salir el aire por los lados, como una l palatal suave.",nl:"Plaats het midden van je tong tegen het harde gehemelte en laat de lucht langs de zijkanten ontsnappen, als een zachte palatale l.",tr:"Dilinin orta kısmını sert damağa yaklaştır ve havayı yanlardan çıkar; yumuşak damaksıl bir l gibi söyle."},"ipa-transcriptions":{llave:"/ˈʎa.βe/",calle:"/ˈka.ʎe/",llama:"/ˈʎa.ma/",lleno:"/ˈʎe.no/",llorar:"/ʎoˈɾaɾ/",halla:"/ˈa.ʎa/",haya:"/ˈa.ʝa/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",valla:"/ˈba.ʎa/",vaya:"/ˈba.ʝa/",pollo:"/ˈpo.ʎo/",poyo:"/ˈpo.ʝo/",arrollo:"/aˈro.ʎo/",arroyo:"/aˈro.ʝo/",lluvia:"/ˈʎu.βja/",yama:"/ˈʝa.ma/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1},"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-en":"Laterals - /ʎ/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ll (in dialects without yeísmo, e.g. llave, calle) — merged with /ʝ/ in most modern Spanish",ipa:"/ʎ/"}],tips:"Let air flow along the sides of your tongue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʎ/","native-letters-involved":"ll (en dialectos sin yeísmo, p. ej. llave, calle); en la mayor parte del español moderno se ha fusionado con /ʝ/","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["halla","haya"],["calló","cayó"],["valla","vaya"],["pollo","poyo"],["arrollo","arroyo"]],"words-mispronounced":["lluvia","llorar","lleno","calle","llave"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Este sonido es nuevo para la mayoría de hablantes de inglés; el más cercano es /lj/ como en million en algunas pronunciaciones.","minimal-pairs":[{llama:"llama/yama"},{halla:"halla/haya"},{"calló":"calló/cayó"},{valla:"valla/vaya"},{pollo:"pollo/poyo"}],"anchor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"ancor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the middle of your tongue against the hard palate and let the air flow along the sides, like a soft palatal l.","ipa-transcriptions":{llave:"/ˈʎa.βe/",calle:"/ˈka.ʎe/",llama:"/ˈʎa.ma/",lleno:"/ˈʎe.no/",llorar:"/ʎoˈɾaɾ/",halla:"/ˈa.ʎa/",haya:"/ˈa.ʝa/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",valla:"/ˈba.ʎa/",vaya:"/ˈba.ʝa/",pollo:"/ˈpo.ʎo/",poyo:"/ˈpo.ʝo/",arrollo:"/aˈro.ʎo/",arroyo:"/aˈro.ʝo/",lluvia:"/ˈʎu.βja/",yama:"/ˈʝa.ma/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-de":"Laterale - /ʎ/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ll (in dialects without yeísmo, e.g. llave, calle) — merged with /ʝ/ in most modern Spanish",ipa:"/ʎ/"}],tips:"Lassen Sie die Luft an den Seiten der Zunge entlang strömen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʎ/","native-letters-involved":"ll (en dialectos sin yeísmo, p. ej. llave, calle); en la mayor parte del español moderno se ha fusionado con /ʝ/","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["halla","haya"],["calló","cayó"],["valla","vaya"],["pollo","poyo"],["arrollo","arroyo"]],"words-mispronounced":["lluvia","llorar","lleno","calle","llave"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut ist für die meisten Deutschsprachigen neu; am nächsten kommt /lj/ wie in Million.","minimal-pairs":[{llama:"llama/yama"},{halla:"halla/haya"},{"calló":"calló/cayó"},{valla:"valla/vaya"},{pollo:"pollo/poyo"}],"anchor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"ancor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zungenmitte an den harten Gaumen und lass die Luft seitlich entweichen, wie ein weic

1hes palatales l.","ipa-transcriptions":{llave:"/ˈʎa.βe/",calle:"/ˈka.ʎe/",llama:"/ˈʎa.ma/",lleno:"/ˈʎe.no/",llorar:"/ʎoˈɾaɾ/",halla:"/ˈa.ʎa/",haya:"/ˈa.ʝa/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",valla:"/ˈba.ʎa/",vaya:"/ˈba.ʝa/",pollo:"/ˈpo.ʎo/",poyo:"/ˈpo.ʝo/",arrollo:"/aˈro.ʎo/",arroyo:"/aˈro.ʝo/",lluvia:"/ˈʎu.βja/",yama:"/ˈʝa.ma/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-es":"Laterales - /ʎ/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ll (in dialects without yeísmo, e.g. llave, calle) — merged with /ʝ/ in most modern Spanish",ipa:"/ʎ/"}],tips:"Deja que el aire pase por los lados de la lengua.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʎ/","native-letters-involved":"ll (en dialectos sin yeísmo, p. ej. llave, calle); en la mayor parte del español moderno se ha fusionado con /ʝ/","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["halla","haya"],["calló","cayó"],["valla","vaya"],["pollo","poyo"],["arrollo","arroyo"]],"words-mispronounced":["lluvia","llorar","lleno","calle","llave"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],"minimal-pairs":[{llama:"llama/yama"},{halla:"halla/haya"},{"calló":"calló/cayó"},{valla:"valla/vaya"},{pollo:"pollo/poyo"}],"anchor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"ancor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la parte media de la lengua contra el paladar duro y deja salir el aire por los lados, como una l palatal suave.","ipa-transcriptions":{llave:"/ˈʎa.βe/",calle:"/ˈka.ʎe/",llama:"/ˈʎa.ma/",lleno:"/ˈʎe.no/",llorar:"/ʎoˈɾaɾ/",halla:"/ˈa.ʎa/",haya:"/ˈa.ʝa/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",valla:"/ˈba.ʎa/",vaya:"/ˈba.ʝa/",pollo:"/ˈpo.ʎo/",poyo:"/ˈpo.ʝo/",arrollo:"/aˈro.ʎo/",arroyo:"/aˈro.ʝo/",lluvia:"/ˈʎu.βja/",yama:"/ˈʝa.ma/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-fr":"Latérales - /ʎ/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ll (in dialects without yeísmo, e.g. llave, calle) — merged with /ʝ/ in most modern Spanish",ipa:"/ʎ/"}],tips:"Laissez l'air passer sur les côtés de la langue.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʎ/","native-letters-involved":"ll (en dialectos sin yeísmo, p. ej. llave, calle); en la mayor parte del español moderno se ha fusionado con /ʝ/","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["halla","haya"],["calló","cayó"],["valla","vaya"],["pollo","poyo"],["arrollo","arroyo"]],"words-mispronounced":["lluvia","llorar","lleno","calle","llave"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son est nouveau pour la plupart des francophones ; le plus proche est /lj/ dans million.","minimal-pairs":[{llama:"llama/yama"},{halla:"halla/haya"},{"calló":"calló/cayó"},{valla:"valla/vaya"},{pollo:"pollo/poyo"}],"anchor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"ancor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Placez le milieu de la langue contre le palais dur et laissez passer l’air sur les côtés, comme un l palatal doux.","ipa-transcriptions":{llave:"/ˈʎa.βe/",calle:"/ˈka.ʎe/",llama:"/ˈʎa.ma/",lleno:"/ˈʎe.no/",llorar:"/ʎoˈɾaɾ/",halla:"/ˈa.ʎa/",haya:"/ˈa.ʝa/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",valla:"/ˈba.ʎa/",vaya:"/ˈba.ʝa/",pollo:"/ˈpo.ʎo/",poyo:"/ˈpo.ʝo/",arrollo:"/aˈro.ʎo/",arroyo:"/aˈro.ʝo/",lluvia:"/ˈʎu.βja/",yama:"/ˈʝa.ma/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-nl":"Lateralen - /ʎ/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ll (in dialects without yeísmo, e.g. llave, calle) — merged with /ʝ/ in most modern Spanish",ipa:"/ʎ/"}],tips:"Laat lucht langs de zijkanten van je tong stromen.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʎ/","native-letters-involved":"ll (en dialectos sin yeísmo, p. ej. llave, calle); en la mayor parte del español moderno se ha fusionado con /ʝ/","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["halla","haya"],["calló","cayó"],["valla","vaya"],["pollo","poyo"],["arrollo","arroyo"]],"words-mispronounced":["lluvia","llorar","lleno","calle","llave"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank is nieuw voor de meeste Nederlandstaligen; het dichtstbij is /lj/ zoals in miljoen.","minimal-pairs":[{llama:"llama/yama"},{halla:"halla/haya"},{"calló":"calló/cayó"},{valla:"valla/vaya"},{pollo:"pollo/poyo"}],"anchor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"ancor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Plaats het midden van je tong tegen het harde gehemelte en laat de lucht langs de zijkanten ontsnappen, als een zachte palatale l.","ipa-transcriptions":{llave:"/ˈʎa.βe/",calle:"/ˈka.ʎe/",llama:"/ˈʎa.ma/",lleno:"/ˈʎe.no/",llorar:"/ʎoˈɾaɾ/",halla:"/ˈa.ʎa/",haya:"/ˈa.ʝa/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",valla:"/ˈba.ʎa/",vaya:"/ˈba.ʝa/",pollo:"/ˈpo.ʎo/",poyo:"/ˈpo.ʝo/",arrollo:"/aˈro.ʎo/",arroyo:"/aˈro.ʝo/",lluvia:"/ˈʎu.βja/",yama:"/ˈʝa.ma/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},"title-tr":"Yanal ünsüzler - /ʎ/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"ll (in dialects without yeísmo, e.g. llave, calle) — merged with /ʝ/ in most modern Spanish",ipa:"/ʎ/"}],tips:"Havanın dilinizin yanlarından geçmesine izin verin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ʎ/","native-letters-involved":"ll (en dialectos sin yeísmo, p. ej. llave, calle); en la mayor parte del español moderno se ha fusionado con /ʝ/","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["llave","calle","llama","lleno","llorar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["halla","haya"],["calló","cayó"],["valla","vaya"],["pollo","poyo"],["arrollo","arroyo"]],"words-mispronounced":["lluvia","llorar","lleno","calle","llave"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede genelde yeni bir sestir; en yakın karşılık /lj/ dizisidir.","minimal-pairs":[{llama:"llama/yama"},{halla:"halla/haya"},{"calló":"calló/cayó"},{valla:"valla/vaya"},{pollo:"pollo/poyo"}],"anchor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"ancor-words":["llave","calle","lleno","llorar","lluvia"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dilinin orta kısmını sert damağa yaklaştır ve havayı yanlardan çıkar; yumuşak damaksıl bir l gibi söyle.","ipa-transcriptions":{llave:"/ˈʎa.βe/",calle:"/ˈka.ʎe/",llama:"/ˈʎa.ma/",lleno:"/ˈʎe.no/",llorar:"/ʎoˈɾaɾ/",halla:"/ˈa.ʎa/",haya:"/ˈa.ʝa/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/",valla:"/ˈba.ʎa/",vaya:"/ˈba.ʝa/",pollo:"/ˈpo.ʎo/",poyo:"/ˈpo.ʝo/",arrollo:"/aˈro.ʎo/",arroyo:"/aˈro.ʝo/",lluvia:"/ˈʎu.βja/",yama:"/ˈʝa.ma/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1,"exclude-from-missing-sounds":!0}]},uid:"240d2f5b-f692-4265-9dbc-0f8710945519"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-vibrantes-u027e",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"r (simple)",ipa:"/ɾ/"}],tips:{en:"Tap or trill the tip of your tongue against the alveolar ridge.",fr:"Frappez ou faites vibrer la pointe de la langue contre les alvéoles.",de:"Tippen oder rollen Sie die Zungenspitze gegen den Zahndamm.",es:"Golpea o haz vibrar la punta de la lengua contra los alvéolos.",nl:"Tik of tril met de tongpunt tegen het gehemelte achter de tanden.",tr:"Dil ucunu diş etine hafifçe vurun veya titreştirin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/ɾ/","native-letters-involved":"r (simple)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caro","carro"],["pero","perro"],["coro","corro"],["mira","mirra"],["para","parra"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","caro","arena","oro","mira"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:'Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en inglés es la t rápida de "water" en inglés americano.',de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.",es:["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],fr:"Ce son n'existe pas en français.",nl:"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede yoktur."},"minimal-pairs":[{caro:"caro/carro"},{pero:"pero/perro"},{coro:"coro/corro"},{para:"para/parra"},{mira:"mira/mirra"}],"anchor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"ancor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Tap the tip of your tongue once against the ridge just behind your upper teeth.",fr:"Tapez une seule fois la pointe de la langue contre la zone juste derrière les dents du haut.",de:"Tippe mit der Zungenspitze einmal kurz an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen.",es:"Da un solo toque rápido con la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba.",nl:"Tik met het puntje van je tong één keer kort tegen het randje achter je boventanden.",tr:"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin hemen arkasındaki bölgeye bir kez hızlıca değdir."},"ipa-transcriptions":{cara:"/ˈkaɾa/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",oro:"/ˈoɾo/",arena:"/aˈɾena/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",perro:"/ˈpero/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",mirra:"/ˈmira/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Trills and flaps - /ɾ/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"r (simple)",ipa:"/ɾ/"}],tips:"Tap or trill the tip of your tongue against the alveolar ridge.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɾ/","native-letters-involved":"r (simple)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caro","carro"],["pero","perro"],["coro","corro"],["mira","mirra"],["para","parra"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","caro","arena","oro","mira"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":'Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en inglés es la t rápida de "water" en inglés americano.',"minimal-pairs":[{caro:"caro/carro"},{pero:"pero/perro"},{coro:"coro/corro"},{para:"para/parra"},{mira:"mira/mirra"}],"anchor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"ancor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Tap the tip of your tongue once against the ridge just behind your upper teeth.","ipa-transcriptions":{cara:"/ˈkaɾa/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",oro:"/ˈoɾo/",arena:"/aˈɾena/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",perro:"/ˈpero/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",mirra:"/ˈmira/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Vibranten - /ɾ/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"r (simple)",ipa:"/ɾ/"}],tips:"Tippen oder rollen Sie die Zungenspitze gegen den Zahndamm.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɾ/","native-letters-involved":"r (simple)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caro","carro"],["pero","perro"],["coro","corro"],["mira","mirra"],["para","parra"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","caro","arena","oro","mira"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht.","minimal-pairs":[{caro:"caro/carro"},{pero:"pero/perro"},{coro:"coro/corro"},{para:"para/parra"},{mira:"mira/mirra"}],"anchor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"ancor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Tippe mit der Zungenspitze einmal kurz an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen.","ipa-transcriptions":{cara:"/ˈkaɾa/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",oro:"/ˈoɾo/",arena:"/aˈɾena/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",perro:"/ˈpero/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",mirra:"/ˈmira/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Vibrantes - /ɾ/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"r (simple)",ipa:"/ɾ/"}],tips:"Golpea o haz vibrar la punta de la lengua contra los alvéolos.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɾ/","native-letters-involved":"r (simple)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caro","carro"],["pero","perro"],["coro","corro"],["mira","mirra"],["para","parra"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","caro","arena","oro","mira"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"minimal-pairs":[{caro:"caro/carro"},{pero:"pero/perro"},{coro:"coro/corro"},{para:"para/parra"},{mira:"mira/mirra"}],"anchor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"ancor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Da un solo toque rápido con la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba.","ipa-transcriptions":{cara:"/ˈkaɾa/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",oro:"/ˈoɾo/",arena:"/aˈɾena/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",perro:"/ˈpero/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",mirra:"/ˈmira/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Vibrantes - /ɾ/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"r (simple)",ipa:"/ɾ/"}],tips:"Frappez ou faites vibrer la pointe de la langue contre les alvéoles.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɾ/","native-letters-involved":"r (simple)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caro","carro"],["pero","perro"],["coro","corro"],["mira","mirra"],["para","parra"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","caro","arena","oro","mira"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Ce son n'existe pas en français.","minimal-pairs":[{caro:"caro/carro"},{pero:"pero/perro"},{coro:"coro/corro"},{para:"para/parra"},{mira:"mira/mirra"}],"anchor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"ancor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Tapez une seule fois la pointe de la langue contre la zone juste derrière les dents du haut.","ipa-transcriptions":{cara:"/ˈkaɾa/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",oro:"/ˈoɾo/",arena:"/aˈɾena/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",perro:"/ˈpero/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",mirra:"/ˈmira/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Trillers en tappers - /ɾ/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"r (simple)",ipa:"/ɾ/"}],tips:"Tik of tril met de tongpunt tegen het gehemelte achter de tanden.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɾ/","native-letters-involved":"r (simple)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caro","carro"],["pero","perro"],["coro","corro"],["mira","mirra"],["para","parra"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","caro","arena","oro","mira"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Deze klank bestaat niet in het Nederlands.","minimal-pairs":[{caro:"caro/carro"},{pero:"pero/perro"},{coro:"coro/corro"},{para:"para/parra"},{mira:"mira/mirra"}],"anchor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"ancor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Tik met het puntje van je tong één keer kort tegen het randje achter je boventanden.","ipa-transcriptions":{cara:"/ˈkaɾa/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",oro:"/ˈoɾo/",arena:"/aˈɾena/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",perro:"/ˈpero/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",mirra:"/ˈmira/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Titreşimliler - /ɾ/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"r (simple)",ipa:"/ɾ/"}],tips:"Dil ucunu diş etine hafifçe vurun veya titreştirin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/ɾ/","native-letters-involved":"r (simple)","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["caro","carro"],["pero","perro"],["coro","corro"],["mira","mirra"],["para","parra"]],"words-mispronounced":["pero","caro","arena","oro","mira"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede yoktur.","minimal-pairs":[{caro:"caro/carro"},{pero:"pero/perro"},{coro:"coro/corro"},{para:"para/parra"},{mira:"mira/mirra"}],"anchor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"ancor-words":["cara","pero","mira","oro","arena"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin hemen arkasındaki bölgeye bir kez hızlıca değdir.","ipa-transcriptions":{cara:"/ˈ

1kaɾa/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",mira:"/ˈmiɾa/",oro:"/ˈoɾo/",arena:"/aˈɾena/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",perro:"/ˈpero/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",mirra:"/ˈmira/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"67eff59f-bd74-4dc5-9d34-8788fa9ea956"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-vibrantes-r",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-consonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"rr (multiple)",ipa:"/r/"}],tips:{en:"Tap or trill the tip of your tongue against the alveolar ridge.",fr:"Frappez ou faites vibrer la pointe de la langue contre les alvéoles.",de:"Tippen oder rollen Sie die Zungenspitze gegen den Zahndamm.",es:"Golpea o haz vibrar la punta de la lengua contra los alvéolos.",nl:"Tik of tril met de tongpunt tegen het gehemelte achter de tanden.",tr:"Dil ucunu diş etine hafifçe vurun veya titreştirin."},scripts:[{IPA:"/r/","native-letters-involved":"rr","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["perro","carro","tierra","correo","borrar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pero","perro"],["caro","carro"],["coro","corro"],["para","parra"],["cero","cerro"]],"words-mispronounced":["perro","ferrocarril","alrededor","borrar","correo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:'Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en inglés es la r de "red", pero la española es más fuerte y vibrante.',de:["rrr","Herr","arren","Karre","verrückt"],es:["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],fr:'Ce son est nouveau ; le plus proche en français est le r de "rue", mais l\'espagnol vibre avec la langue.',nl:["rood","raam","brood","groen","drie"],tr:["arı","karı","sarı","veri","geri"]},"minimal-pairs":[{perro:"perro/pero"},{carro:"carro/caro"},{corro:"corro/coro"},{parra:"parra/para"},{cerro:"cerro/cero"}],"anchor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"ancor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Put the tip of your tongue on the ridge behind your upper teeth and let it vibrate several times with a strong airflow.",fr:"Pose le bout de la langue derrière les dents du haut et laisse-la vibrer plusieurs fois avec un souffle fort.",de:"Lege die Zungenspitze an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen und lass sie mit starkem Luftstrom mehrmals vibrieren.",es:"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja que vibre varias veces con aire fuerte.",nl:"Zet het puntje van je tong achter je boventanden en laat het meerdere keren trillen met een sterke luchtstroom.",tr:"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin hemen arkasına koy ve güçlü hava vererek birkaç kez titreştir."},"ipa-transcriptions":{perro:"/ˈpero/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",tierra:"/ˈtjera/",correo:"/koˈreo/",borrar:"/boˈrar/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/",cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cerro:"/ˈθero/",ferrocarril:"/ferokariˈl/",alrededor:"/alreðeˈðor/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!1,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!1,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Trills and flaps - /r/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"rr (multiple)",ipa:"/r/"}],tips:"Tap or trill the tip of your tongue against the alveolar ridge.",scripts:[{IPA:"/r/","native-letters-involved":"rr","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["perro","carro","tierra","correo","borrar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pero","perro"],["caro","carro"],["coro","corro"],["para","parra"],["cero","cerro"]],"words-mispronounced":["perro","ferrocarril","alrededor","borrar","correo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":'Este sonido es nuevo; lo más cercano en inglés es la r de "red", pero la española es más fuerte y vibrante.',"minimal-pairs":[{perro:"perro/pero"},{carro:"carro/caro"},{corro:"corro/coro"},{parra:"parra/para"},{cerro:"cerro/cero"}],"anchor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"ancor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Put the tip of your tongue on the ridge behind your upper teeth and let it vibrate several times with a strong airflow.","ipa-transcriptions":{perro:"/ˈpero/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",tierra:"/ˈtjera/",correo:"/koˈreo/",borrar:"/boˈrar/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/",cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cerro:"/ˈθero/",ferrocarril:"/ferokariˈl/",alrededor:"/alreðeˈðor/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-de":"Vibranten - /r/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"rr (multiple)",ipa:"/r/"}],tips:"Tippen oder rollen Sie die Zungenspitze gegen den Zahndamm.",scripts:[{IPA:"/r/","native-letters-involved":"rr","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["perro","carro","tierra","correo","borrar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pero","perro"],["caro","carro"],["coro","corro"],["para","parra"],["cero","cerro"]],"words-mispronounced":["perro","ferrocarril","alrededor","borrar","correo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["rrr","Herr","arren","Karre","verrückt"],"minimal-pairs":[{perro:"perro/pero"},{carro:"carro/caro"},{corro:"corro/coro"},{parra:"parra/para"},{cerro:"cerro/cero"}],"anchor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"ancor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Lege die Zungenspitze an den Zahndamm hinter den oberen Zähnen und lass sie mit starkem Luftstrom mehrmals vibrieren.","ipa-transcriptions":{perro:"/ˈpero/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",tierra:"/ˈtjera/",correo:"/koˈreo/",borrar:"/boˈrar/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/",cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cerro:"/ˈθero/",ferrocarril:"/ferokariˈl/",alrededor:"/alreðeˈðor/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Vibrantes - /r/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"rr (multiple)",ipa:"/r/"}],tips:"Golpea o haz vibrar la punta de la lengua contra los alvéolos.",scripts:[{IPA:"/r/","native-letters-involved":"rr","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["perro","carro","tierra","correo","borrar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pero","perro"],["caro","carro"],["coro","corro"],["para","parra"],["cero","cerro"]],"words-mispronounced":["perro","ferrocarril","alrededor","borrar","correo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"minimal-pairs":[{perro:"perro/pero"},{carro:"carro/caro"},{corro:"corro/coro"},{parra:"parra/para"},{cerro:"cerro/cero"}],"anchor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"ancor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pon la punta de la lengua detrás de los dientes de arriba y deja que vibre varias veces con aire fuerte.","ipa-transcriptions":{perro:"/ˈpero/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",tierra:"/ˈtjera/",correo:"/koˈreo/",borrar:"/boˈrar/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/",cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cerro:"/ˈθero/",ferrocarril:"/ferokariˈl/",alrededor:"/alreðeˈðor/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Vibrantes - /r/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"rr (multiple)",ipa:"/r/"}],tips:"Frappez ou faites vibrer la pointe de la langue contre les alvéoles.",scripts:[{IPA:"/r/","native-letters-involved":"rr","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["perro","carro","tierra","correo","borrar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pero","perro"],["caro","carro"],["coro","corro"],["para","parra"],["cero","cerro"]],"words-mispronounced":["perro","ferrocarril","alrededor","borrar","correo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":'Ce son est nouveau ; le plus proche en français est le r de "rue", mais l\'espagnol vibre avec la langue.',"minimal-pairs":[{perro:"perro/pero"},{carro:"carro/caro"},{corro:"corro/coro"},{parra:"parra/para"},{cerro:"cerro/cero"}],"anchor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"ancor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Pose le bout de la langue derrière les dents du haut et laisse-la vibrer plusieurs fois avec un souffle fort.","ipa-transcriptions":{perro:"/ˈpero/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",tierra:"/ˈtjera/",correo:"/koˈreo/",borrar:"/boˈrar/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/",cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cerro:"/ˈθero/",ferrocarril:"/ferokariˈl/",alrededor:"/alreðeˈðor/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-nl":"Trillers en tappers - /r/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"rr (multiple)",ipa:"/r/"}],tips:"Tik of tril met de tongpunt tegen het gehemelte achter de tanden.",scripts:[{IPA:"/r/","native-letters-involved":"rr","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["perro","carro","tierra","correo","borrar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pero","perro"],["caro","carro"],["coro","corro"],["para","parra"],["cero","cerro"]],"words-mispronounced":["perro","ferrocarril","alrededor","borrar","correo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["rood","raam","brood","groen","drie"],"minimal-pairs":[{perro:"perro/pero"},{carro:"carro/caro"},{corro:"corro/coro"},{parra:"parra/para"},{cerro:"cerro/cero"}],"anchor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"ancor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Zet het puntje van je tong achter je boventanden en laat het meerdere keren trillen met een sterke luchtstroom.","ipa-transcriptions":{perro:"/ˈpero/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",tierra:"/ˈtjera/",correo:"/koˈreo/",borrar:"/boˈrar/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/",cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cerro:"/ˈθero/",ferrocarril:"/ferokariˈl/",alrededor:"/alreðeˈðor/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Titreşimliler - /r/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"rr (multiple)",ipa:"/r/"}],tips:"Dil ucunu diş etine hafifçe vurun veya titreştirin.",scripts:[{IPA:"/r/","native-letters-involved":"rr","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["perro","carro","tierra","correo","borrar"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["pero","perro"],["caro","carro"],["coro","corro"],["para","parra"],["cero","cerro"]],"words-mispronounced":["perro","ferrocarril","alrededor","borrar","correo"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["arı","karı","sarı","veri","geri"],"minimal-pairs":[{perro:"perro/pero"},{carro:"carro/caro"},{corro:"corro/coro"},{parra:"parra/para"},{cerro:"cerro/cero"}],"anchor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"ancor-words":["perro","carro","tierra","borrar","correo"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dil ucunu üst dişlerin hemen arkasına koy ve güçlü hava vererek birkaç kez titreştir.","ipa-transcriptions":{perro:"/ˈpero/",carro:"/ˈkaro/",tierra:"/ˈtjera/",correo:"/koˈreo/",borrar:"/boˈrar/",pero:"/ˈpeɾo/",caro:"/ˈkaɾo/",coro:"/ˈkoɾo/",corro:"/ˈkoro/",para:"/ˈpaɾa/",parra:"/ˈpara/",cero:"/ˈθeɾo/",cerro:"/ˈθero/",ferrocarril:"/ferokariˈl/",alrededor:"/alreðeˈðor/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"0efb83ad-efff-41e9-a6e9-46aa39d3e9b3"},{type:"unit",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-semiconsonantes",order:3,"title-en":"Semiconsonants","content-en":"Semiconsonants","title-de":"Halbkonsonanten","content-de":"Halbkonsonanten","title-es":"Semiconsonantes","content-es":"Semiconsonantes","title-fr":"Semi-consonnes","content-fr":"Semi-consonnes","title-nl":"Halfklinkers","content-nl":"Halfklinkers","title-tr":"Yarı ünsüzler","content-tr":"Yarı ünsüzler",uid:"0e88e673-62b9-4bf7-946a-7ad3bd8a9fa8"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-semiconsonantes-overview",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-semiconsonantes",content:{"phoneme-presence":{en:[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!0}],de:[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!1}],es:[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!0}],fr:[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!0}],nl:[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!1}],tr:[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!1}]}},"title-en":"Semiconsonants Overview","content-en":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!0}]},"title-de":"Halbkonsonanten Übersicht","content-de":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!1}]},"title-es":"Semiconsonantes Descripción general","content-es":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!0}]},"title-fr":"Semi-consonnes Aperçu","content-fr":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!0}]},"title-nl":"Halfklinkers Overzicht","content-nl":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!1}]},"title-tr":"Yarı ünsüzler Genel Bakış","content-tr":{"phoneme-presence":[{ipa:"j",present:!0},{ipa:"w",present:!1}]},uid:"27944abc-75eb-4adc-b1bb-80a47e1992cf"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-semiconsonantes-j",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-semiconsonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i in diphthongs ia

1/ie/io/iu (e.g. tierra, viento, miel); also y in some uses",ipa:"/j/"}],tips:{en:"Glide quickly from these sounds into the following vowel.",fr:"Glissez rapidement de ces sons vers la voyelle suivante.",de:"Gleiten Sie schnell von diesen Lauten zum folgenden Vokal.",es:"Deslízate rápidamente de estos sonidos a la vocal siguiente.",nl:"Glijd snel van deze klanken naar de volgende klinker.",tr:"Bu seslerden sonraki ünlüye hızlıca kayın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/j/","native-letters-involved":"i en diptongos ia/ie/io/iu; también y en algunos usos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cayó","calló"],["valla","baya"],["halla","haya"],["vaya","valla"],["hierba","erva"]],"words-mispronounced":["tierra","miel","bien","viaje","viento"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["yes","yesterday","music","few","onion"],de:["ja","jetzt","Familie","Linie","Million"],es:["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],fr:["hier","bien","pied","viande","lion"],nl:["jas","jaar","miljoen","familie","piano"],tr:["yer","yeni","yol","iyi","diyet"]},"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{miel:"miel/mal"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{vio:"vio/vo"}],"anchor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"ancor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Raise the middle of your tongue toward the hard palate and glide quickly into the next vowel, like the y in yes.",fr:"Levez le milieu de la langue vers le palais dur et glissez vite vers la voyelle suivante, comme le y de yeux.",de:"Hebe die Zungenmitte zum harten Gaumen und gleite schnell in den nächsten Vokal, ähnlich wie j in ja.",es:"Eleva la parte media de la lengua hacia el paladar duro y deslízala rápidamente hacia la vocal siguiente, como en ya.",nl:"Breng het midden van je tong omhoog naar het harde gehemelte en glijd snel naar de volgende klinker, zoals de j in jas.",tr:"Dilin orta kısmını sert damağa yaklaştır ve sonraki ünlüye hızlıca kaydır; Türkçedeki y sesine benzer."},"ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",viento:"/ˈbjento/",miel:"/mjel/",bien:"/bjen/",viaje:"/ˈbjaxe/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",baya:"/ˈbaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",hierba:"/ˈʝeɾβa/",erva:"/ˈeɾβa/",yes:"/jɛs/",yesterday:"/ˈjɛstərdeɪ/",music:"/ˈmjuːzɪk/",few:"/fjuː/",onion:"/ˈʌnjən/",hier:"/jɛʁ/",pied:"/pje/",viande:"/vjɑ̃d/",lion:"/ljɔ̃/",ja:"/jaː/",jetzt:"/jɛtst/",Familie:"/faˈmiːli̯ə/",Linie:"/ˈliːni̯ə/",Million:"/mɪˈli̯oːn/",jas:"/jɑs/",jaar:"/jaːr/",miljoen:"/mɪlˈjun/",familie:"/faːˈmili/",piano:"/piˈjaːno/",yer:"/jeɾ/",yeni:"/jeˈni/",yol:"/jol/",iyi:"/iˈji/",diyet:"/diˈjet/",ven:"/ben/",mal:"/mal/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/",vio:"/bjo/",vo:"/bo/",ya:"/ʝa/",da:"/da/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!0,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!0,tr:!0}}]},"title-en":"Semiconsonants - /j/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i in diphthongs ia/ie/io/iu (e.g. tierra, viento, miel); also y in some uses",ipa:"/j/"}],tips:"Glide quickly from these sounds into the following vowel.",scripts:[{IPA:"/j/","native-letters-involved":"i en diptongos ia/ie/io/iu; también y en algunos usos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cayó","calló"],["valla","baya"],["halla","haya"],["vaya","valla"],["hierba","erva"]],"words-mispronounced":["tierra","miel","bien","viaje","viento"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["yes","yesterday","music","few","onion"],"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{miel:"miel/mal"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{vio:"vio/vo"}],"anchor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"ancor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Raise the middle of your tongue toward the hard palate and glide quickly into the next vowel, like the y in yes.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",viento:"/ˈbjento/",miel:"/mjel/",bien:"/bjen/",viaje:"/ˈbjaxe/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",baya:"/ˈbaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",hierba:"/ˈʝeɾβa/",erva:"/ˈeɾβa/",yes:"/jɛs/",yesterday:"/ˈjɛstərdeɪ/",music:"/ˈmjuːzɪk/",few:"/fjuː/",onion:"/ˈʌnjən/",hier:"/jɛʁ/",pied:"/pje/",viande:"/vjɑ̃d/",lion:"/ljɔ̃/",ja:"/jaː/",jetzt:"/jɛtst/",Familie:"/faˈmiːli̯ə/",Linie:"/ˈliːni̯ə/",Million:"/mɪˈli̯oːn/",jas:"/jɑs/",jaar:"/jaːr/",miljoen:"/mɪlˈjun/",familie:"/faːˈmili/",piano:"/piˈjaːno/",yer:"/jeɾ/",yeni:"/jeˈni/",yol:"/jol/",iyi:"/iˈji/",diyet:"/diˈjet/",ven:"/ben/",mal:"/mal/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/",vio:"/bjo/",vo:"/bo/",ya:"/ʝa/",da:"/da/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Halbkonsonanten - /j/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i in diphthongs ia

1/ie/io/iu (e.g. tierra, viento, miel); also y in some uses",ipa:"/j/"}],tips:"Gleiten Sie schnell von diesen Lauten zum folgenden Vokal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/j/","native-letters-involved":"i en diptongos ia/ie/io/iu; también y en algunos usos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cayó","calló"],["valla","baya"],["halla","haya"],["vaya","valla"],["hierba","erva"]],"words-mispronounced":["tierra","miel","bien","viaje","viento"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["ja","jetzt","Familie","Linie","Million"],"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{miel:"miel/mal"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{vio:"vio/vo"}],"anchor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"ancor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Hebe die Zungenmitte zum harten Gaumen und gleite schnell in den nächsten Vokal, ähnlich wie j in ja.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",viento:"/ˈbjento/",miel:"/mjel/",bien:"/bjen/",viaje:"/ˈbjaxe/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",baya:"/ˈbaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",hierba:"/ˈʝeɾβa/",erva:"/ˈeɾβa/",yes:"/jɛs/",yesterday:"/ˈjɛstərdeɪ/",music:"/ˈmjuːzɪk/",few:"/fjuː/",onion:"/ˈʌnjən/",hier:"/jɛʁ/",pied:"/pje/",viande:"/vjɑ̃d/",lion:"/ljɔ̃/",ja:"/jaː/",jetzt:"/jɛtst/",Familie:"/faˈmiːli̯ə/",Linie:"/ˈliːni̯ə/",Million:"/mɪˈli̯oːn/",jas:"/jɑs/",jaar:"/jaːr/",miljoen:"/mɪlˈjun/",familie:"/faːˈmili/",piano:"/piˈjaːno/",yer:"/jeɾ/",yeni:"/jeˈni/",yol:"/jol/",iyi:"/iˈji/",diyet:"/diˈjet/",ven:"/ben/",mal:"/mal/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/",vio:"/bjo/",vo:"/bo/",ya:"/ʝa/",da:"/da/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-es":"Semiconsonantes - /j/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i in diphthongs ia/ie/io/iu (e.g. tierra, viento, miel); also y in some uses",ipa:"/j/"}],tips:"Deslízate rápidamente de estos sonidos a la vocal siguiente.",scripts:[{IPA:"/j/","native-letters-involved":"i en diptongos ia/ie/io/iu; también y en algunos usos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cayó","calló"],["valla","baya"],["halla","haya"],["vaya","valla"],["hierba","erva"]],"words-mispronounced":["tierra","miel","bien","viaje","viento"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{miel:"miel/mal"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{vio:"vio/vo"}],"anchor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"ancor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Eleva la parte media de la lengua hacia el paladar duro y deslízala rápidamente hacia la vocal siguiente, como en ya.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",viento:"/ˈbjento/",miel:"/mjel/",bien:"/bjen/",viaje:"/ˈbjaxe/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",baya:"/ˈbaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",hierba:"/ˈʝeɾβa/",erva:"/ˈeɾβa/",yes:"/jɛs/",yesterday:"/ˈjɛstərdeɪ/",music:"/ˈmjuːzɪk/",few:"/fjuː/",onion:"/ˈʌnjən/",hier:"/jɛʁ/",pied:"/pje/",viande:"/vjɑ̃d/",lion:"/ljɔ̃/",ja:"/jaː/",jetzt:"/jɛtst/",Familie:"/faˈmiːli̯ə/",Linie:"/ˈliːni̯ə/",Million:"/mɪˈli̯oːn/",jas:"/jɑs/",jaar:"/jaːr/",miljoen:"/mɪlˈjun/",familie:"/faːˈmili/",piano:"/piˈjaːno/",yer:"/jeɾ/",yeni:"/jeˈni/",yol:"/jol/",iyi:"/iˈji/",diyet:"/diˈjet/",ven:"/ben/",mal:"/mal/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/",vio:"/bjo/",vo:"/bo/",ya:"/ʝa/",da:"/da/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Semi-consonnes - /j/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i in diphthongs ia/ie/io/iu (e.g. tierra, viento, miel); also y in some uses",ipa:"/j/"}],tips:"Glissez rapidement de ces sons vers la voyelle suivante.",scripts:[{IPA:"/j/","native-letters-involved":"i en diptongos ia/ie/io/iu; también y en algunos usos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cayó","calló"],["valla","baya"],["halla","haya"],["vaya","valla"],["hierba","erva"]],"words-mispronounced":["tierra","miel","bien","viaje","viento"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["hier","bien","pied","viande","lion"],"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{miel:"miel/mal"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{vio:"vio/vo"}],"anchor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"ancor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Levez le milieu de la langue vers le palais dur et glissez vite vers la voyelle suivante, comme le y de yeux.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",viento:"/ˈbjento/",miel:"/mjel/",bien:"/bjen/",viaje:"/ˈbjaxe/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",baya:"/ˈbaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",hierba:"/ˈʝeɾβa/",erva:"/ˈeɾβa/",yes:"/jɛs/",yesterday:"/ˈjɛstərdeɪ/",music:"/ˈmjuːzɪk/",few:"/fjuː/",onion:"/ˈʌnjən/",hier:"/jɛʁ/",pied:"/pje/",viande:"/vjɑ̃d/",lion:"/ljɔ̃/",ja:"/jaː/",jetzt:"/jɛtst/",Familie:"/faˈmiːli̯ə/",Linie:"/ˈliːni̯ə/",Million:"/mɪˈli̯oːn/",jas:"/jɑs/",jaar:"/jaːr/",miljoen:"/mɪlˈjun/",familie:"/faːˈmili/",piano:"/piˈjaːno/",yer:"/jeɾ/",yeni:"/jeˈni/",yol:"/jol/",iyi:"/iˈji/",diyet:"/diˈjet/",ven:"/ben/",mal:"/mal/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/",vio:"/bjo/",vo:"/bo/",ya:"/ʝa/",da:"/da/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Halfklinkers - /j/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i in diphthongs ia

1/ie/io/iu (e.g. tierra, viento, miel); also y in some uses",ipa:"/j/"}],tips:"Glijd snel van deze klanken naar de volgende klinker.",scripts:[{IPA:"/j/","native-letters-involved":"i en diptongos ia/ie/io/iu; también y en algunos usos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cayó","calló"],["valla","baya"],["halla","haya"],["vaya","valla"],["hierba","erva"]],"words-mispronounced":["tierra","miel","bien","viaje","viento"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["jas","jaar","miljoen","familie","piano"],"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{miel:"miel/mal"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{vio:"vio/vo"}],"anchor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"ancor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Breng het midden van je tong omhoog naar het harde gehemelte en glijd snel naar de volgende klinker, zoals de j in jas.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",viento:"/ˈbjento/",miel:"/mjel/",bien:"/bjen/",viaje:"/ˈbjaxe/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",baya:"/ˈbaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",hierba:"/ˈʝeɾβa/",erva:"/ˈeɾβa/",yes:"/jɛs/",yesterday:"/ˈjɛstərdeɪ/",music:"/ˈmjuːzɪk/",few:"/fjuː/",onion:"/ˈʌnjən/",hier:"/jɛʁ/",pied:"/pje/",viande:"/vjɑ̃d/",lion:"/ljɔ̃/",ja:"/jaː/",jetzt:"/jɛtst/",Familie:"/faˈmiːli̯ə/",Linie:"/ˈliːni̯ə/",Million:"/mɪˈli̯oːn/",jas:"/jɑs/",jaar:"/jaːr/",miljoen:"/mɪlˈjun/",familie:"/faːˈmili/",piano:"/piˈjaːno/",yer:"/jeɾ/",yeni:"/jeˈni/",yol:"/jol/",iyi:"/iˈji/",diyet:"/diˈjet/",ven:"/ben/",mal:"/mal/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/",vio:"/bjo/",vo:"/bo/",ya:"/ʝa/",da:"/da/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-tr":"Yarı ünsüzler - /j/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"i in diphthongs ia/ie/io/iu (e.g. tierra, viento, miel); also y in some uses",ipa:"/j/"}],tips:"Bu seslerden sonraki ünlüye hızlıca kayın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/j/","native-letters-involved":"i en diptongos ia/ie/io/iu; también y en algunos usos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["tierra","viento","miel","bien","viaje"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["cayó","calló"],["valla","baya"],["halla","haya"],["vaya","valla"],["hierba","erva"]],"words-mispronounced":["tierra","miel","bien","viaje","viento"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["yer","yeni","yol","iyi","diyet"],"minimal-pairs":[{bien:"bien/ven"},{miel:"miel/mal"},{tiene:"tiene/tene"},{vio:"vio/vo"}],"anchor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"ancor-words":["bien","tierra","miel","viento","viaje"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dilin orta kısmını sert damağa yaklaştır ve sonraki ünlüye hızlıca kaydır; Türkçedeki y sesine benzer.","ipa-transcriptions":{tierra:"/ˈtjera/",viento:"/ˈbjento/",miel:"/mjel/",bien:"/bjen/",viaje:"/ˈbjaxe/","cayó":"/kaˈʝo/","calló":"/kaˈʎo/",valla:"/ˈbaʎa/",baya:"/ˈbaʝa/",halla:"/ˈaʎa/",haya:"/ˈaʝa/",vaya:"/ˈbaʝa/",hierba:"/ˈʝeɾβa/",erva:"/ˈeɾβa/",yes:"/jɛs/",yesterday:"/ˈjɛstərdeɪ/",music:"/ˈmjuːzɪk/",few:"/fjuː/",onion:"/ˈʌnjən/",hier:"/jɛʁ/",pied:"/pje/",viande:"/vjɑ̃d/",lion:"/ljɔ̃/",ja:"/jaː/",jetzt:"/jɛtst/",Familie:"/faˈmiːli̯ə/",Linie:"/ˈliːni̯ə/",Million:"/mɪˈli̯oːn/",jas:"/jɑs/",jaar:"/jaːr/",miljoen:"/mɪlˈjun/",familie:"/faːˈmili/",piano:"/piˈjaːno/",yer:"/jeɾ/",yeni:"/jeˈni/",yol:"/jol/",iyi:"/iˈji/",diyet:"/diˈjet/",ven:"/ben/",mal:"/mal/",tiene:"/ˈtjene/",tene:"/ˈtene/",vio:"/bjo/",vo:"/bo/",ya:"/ʝa/",da:"/da/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},uid:"e1ca46d9-6287-43f2-a368-63f72db59245"},{type:"lesson",topic:"pronunciation-semiconsonantes-w",level:"pronunciation",category:"pronunciation-semiconsonantes",content:{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u (in diphthongs ua/ue/ui/uo, e.g. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); also w in loanwords",ipa:"/w/"}],tips:{en:"Glide quickly from these sounds into the following vowel.",fr:"Glissez rapidement de ces sons vers la voyelle suivante.",de:"Gleiten Sie schnell von diesen Lauten zum folgenden Vokal.",es:"Deslízate rápidamente de estos sonidos a la vocal siguiente.",nl:"Glijd snel van deze klanken naar de volgende klinker.",tr:"Bu seslerde

1n sonraki ünlüye hızlıca kayın."},scripts:[{IPA:"/w/","native-letters-involved":"u (en diptongos ua/ue/ui/uo, p. ej. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); también w en préstamos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["hueso","beso"],["fuerte","fértil"],["ruido","rido"],["bueno","vano"],["agua","haga"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","huevo","ciudad","cuidado","bueno"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":{en:["water","quick","west","queen","twice"],de:"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht. Der nächste Laut ist /v/ wie in 'Weg', aber die Lippenstellung ist anders.",es:["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],fr:["oui","moi","jouer","oiseau","ouest"],nl:"Dit geluid bestaat niet precies in het Nederlands. Het dichtstbijzijnde is /ʋ/ zoals in 'water', maar Engels /w/ wordt met beide lippen gemaakt.",tr:"Bu ses Türkçede yoktur."},"minimal-pairs":[{hueso:"hueso/beso"},{bueno:"bueno/vano"},{ruido:"ruido/rido"},{fuerte:"fuerte/fértil"},{cuota:"cuota/cota"}],"anchor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"ancor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"how-to-produce-this sound":{en:"Round your lips slightly and glide quickly into the next vowel, like a very short English w.",fr:"Arrondissez légèrement les lèvres et glissez vite vers la voyelle suivante, comme un w très bref.",de:"Runde die Lippen leicht und gleite schnell in den nächsten Vokal, wie ein sehr kurzes w.",es:"Redondea un poco los labios y deslízate rápidamente hacia la vocal siguiente, como una u muy breve.",nl:"Rond je lippen licht en glijd snel naar de volgende klinker, als een heel korte w.",tr:"Dudaklarını hafifçe yuvarla ve sonraki ünlüye çok hızlı geç; çok kısa bir w gibi."},"ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",hueso:"/ˈweso/",ruido:"/ˈrwiðo/",bueno:"/ˈbweno/",fuerte:"/ˈfwerte/",beso:"/ˈbeso/","fértil":"/ˈfeɾtil/",rido:"/ˈriðo/",vano:"/ˈbano/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",huevo:"/ˈweβo/",ciudad:"/θjuˈðað/",cuidado:"/kwiˈðaðo/",cuota:"/ˈkwota/",cota:"/ˈkota/",fuego:"/ˈfweɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":{en:!0,de:!1,es:!0,fr:!0,nl:!1,tr:!1}}]},"title-en":"Semiconsonants - /w/","content-en":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u (in diphthongs ua/ue/ui/uo, e.g. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); also w in loanwords",ipa:"/w/"}],tips:"Glide quickly from these sounds into the following vowel.",scripts:[{IPA:"/w/","native-letters-involved":"u (en diptongos ua/ue/ui/uo, p. ej. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); también w en préstamos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["hueso","beso"],["fuerte","fértil"],["ruido","rido"],["bueno","vano"],["agua","haga"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","huevo","ciudad","cuidado","bueno"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["water","quick","west","queen","twice"],"minimal-pairs":[{hueso:"hueso/beso"},{bueno:"bueno/vano"},{ruido:"ruido/rido"},{fuerte:"fuerte/fértil"},{cuota:"cuota/cota"}],"anchor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"ancor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Round your lips slightly and glide quickly into the next vowel, like a very short English w.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",hueso:"/ˈweso/",ruido:"/ˈrwiðo/",bueno:"/ˈbweno/",fuerte:"/ˈfwerte/",beso:"/ˈbeso/","fértil":"/ˈfeɾtil/",rido:"/ˈriðo/",vano:"/ˈbano/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",huevo:"/ˈweβo/",ciudad:"/θjuˈðað/",cuidado:"/kwiˈðaðo/",cuota:"/ˈkwota/",cota:"/ˈkota/",fuego:"/ˈfweɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-de":"Halbkonsonanten - /w/","content-de":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u (in diphthongs ua/ue/ui/uo, e.g. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); also w in loanwords",ipa:"/w/"}],tips:"Gleiten Sie schnell von diesen Lauten zum folgenden Vokal.",scripts:[{IPA:"/w/","native-letters-involved":"u (en diptongos ua/ue/ui/uo, p. ej. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); también w en préstamos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["hueso","beso"],["fuerte","fértil"],["ruido","rido"],["bueno","vano"],["agua","haga"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","huevo","ciudad","cuida

1do","bueno"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dieser Laut existiert im Deutschen nicht. Der nächste Laut ist /v/ wie in 'Weg', aber die Lippenstellung ist anders.","minimal-pairs":[{hueso:"hueso/beso"},{bueno:"bueno/vano"},{ruido:"ruido/rido"},{fuerte:"fuerte/fértil"},{cuota:"cuota/cota"}],"anchor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"ancor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Runde die Lippen leicht und gleite schnell in den nächsten Vokal, wie ein sehr kurzes w.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",hueso:"/ˈweso/",ruido:"/ˈrwiðo/",bueno:"/ˈbweno/",fuerte:"/ˈfwerte/",beso:"/ˈbeso/","fértil":"/ˈfeɾtil/",rido:"/ˈriðo/",vano:"/ˈbano/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",huevo:"/ˈweβo/",ciudad:"/θjuˈðað/",cuidado:"/kwiˈðaðo/",cuota:"/ˈkwota/",cota:"/ˈkota/",fuego:"/ˈfweɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-es":"Semiconsonantes - /w/","content-es":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u (in diphthongs ua/ue/ui/uo, e.g. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); also w in loanwords",ipa:"/w/"}],tips:"Deslízate rápidamente de estos sonidos a la vocal siguiente.",scripts:[{IPA:"/w/","native-letters-involved":"u (en diptongos ua/ue/ui/uo, p. ej. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); también w en préstamos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["hueso","beso"],["fuerte","fértil"],["ruido","rido"],["bueno","vano"],["agua","haga"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","huevo","ciudad","cuidado","bueno"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],"minimal-pairs":[{hueso:"hueso/beso"},{bueno:"bueno/vano"},{ruido:"ruido/rido"},{fuerte:"fuerte/fértil"},{cuota:"cuota/cota"}],"anchor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"ancor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Redondea un poco los labios y deslízate rápidamente hacia la vocal siguiente, como una u muy breve.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",hueso:"/ˈweso/",ruido:"/ˈrwiðo/",bueno:"/ˈbweno/",fuerte:"/ˈfwerte/",beso:"/ˈbeso/","fértil":"/ˈfeɾtil/",rido:"/ˈriðo/",vano:"/ˈbano/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",huevo:"/ˈweβo/",ciudad:"/θjuˈðað/",cuidado:"/kwiˈðaðo/",cuota:"/ˈkwota/",cota:"/ˈkota/",fuego:"/ˈfweɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-fr":"Semi-consonnes - /w/","content-fr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u (in diphthongs ua/ue/ui/uo, e.g. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); also w in loanwords",ipa:"/w/"}],tips:"Glissez rapidement de ces sons vers la voyelle suivante.",scripts:[{IPA:"/w/","native-letters-involved":"u (en diptongos ua/ue/ui/uo, p. ej. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); también w en préstamos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["hueso","beso"],["fuerte","fértil"],["ruido","rido"],["bueno","vano"],["agua","haga"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","huevo","ciudad","cuidado","bueno"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":["oui","moi","jouer","oiseau","ouest"],"minimal-pairs":[{hueso:"hueso/beso"},{bueno:"bueno/vano"},{ruido:"ruido/rido"},{fuerte:"fuerte/fértil"},{cuota:"cuota/cota"}],"anchor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"ancor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Arrondissez légèrement les lèvres et glissez vite vers la voyelle suivante, comme un w très bref.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",hueso:"/ˈweso/",ruido:"/ˈrwiðo/",bueno:"/ˈbweno/",fuerte:"/ˈfwerte/",beso:"/ˈbeso/","fértil":"/ˈfeɾtil/",rido:"/ˈriðo/",vano:"/ˈbano/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",huevo:"/ˈweβo/",ciudad:"/θjuˈðað/",cuidado:"/kwiˈðaðo/",cuota:"/ˈkwota/",cota:"/ˈkota/",fuego:"/ˈfweɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!0}]},"title-nl":"Halfklinkers - /w/","content-nl":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u (in diphthongs ua/ue/ui/uo, e.g. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); also w in loanwords",ipa:"/w/"}],tips:"Glijd snel van deze klanken naar de volgende klinker.",scripts:[{IPA:"/w/","native-letters-involved":"u (en diptongos ua/ue/ui/uo, p. ej. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); también w en préstamos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["hueso","beso"],["fuerte","fértil"],["ruido","rido"],["bueno","vano"],["agua","haga"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","huevo","ciudad","cuida

1do","bueno"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Dit geluid bestaat niet precies in het Nederlands. Het dichtstbijzijnde is /ʋ/ zoals in 'water', maar Engels /w/ wordt met beide lippen gemaakt.","minimal-pairs":[{hueso:"hueso/beso"},{bueno:"bueno/vano"},{ruido:"ruido/rido"},{fuerte:"fuerte/fértil"},{cuota:"cuota/cota"}],"anchor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"ancor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Rond je lippen licht en glijd snel naar de volgende klinker, als een heel korte w.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",hueso:"/ˈweso/",ruido:"/ˈrwiðo/",bueno:"/ˈbweno/",fuerte:"/ˈfwerte/",beso:"/ˈbeso/","fértil":"/ˈfeɾtil/",rido:"/ˈriðo/",vano:"/ˈbano/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",huevo:"/ˈweβo/",ciudad:"/θjuˈðað/",cuidado:"/kwiˈðaðo/",cuota:"/ˈkwota/",cota:"/ˈkota/",fuego:"/ˈfweɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},"title-tr":"Yarı ünsüzler - /w/","content-tr":{"letters-and-ipa":[{"native-letters":"u (in diphthongs ua/ue/ui/uo, e.g. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); also w in loanwords",ipa:"/w/"}],tips:"Bu seslerden sonraki ünlüye hızlıca kayın.",scripts:[{IPA:"/w/","native-letters-involved":"u (en diptongos ua/ue/ui/uo, p. ej. agua, hueso, ruido, antiguo); también w en préstamos","native-words-with-similar-sounds":["agua","hueso","ruido","bueno","fuerte"],"common-pronunciation-errors":{"words-mixed-up":[["hueso","beso"],["fuerte","fértil"],["ruido","rido"],["bueno","vano"],["agua","haga"]],"words-mispronounced":["agua","huevo","ciudad","cuidado","bueno"]},"other-langs-words-similar-sounds":"Bu ses Türkçede yoktur.","minimal-pairs":[{hueso:"hueso/beso"},{bueno:"bueno/vano"},{ruido:"ruido/rido"},{fuerte:"fuerte/fértil"},{cuota:"cuota/cota"}],"anchor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"ancor-words":["agua","bueno","huevo","fuego","cuidado"],"how-to-produce-this sound":"Dudaklarını hafifçe yuvarla ve sonraki ünlüye çok hızlı geç; çok kısa bir w gibi.","ipa-transcriptions":{agua:"/ˈaɣwa/",hueso:"/ˈweso/",ruido:"/ˈrwiðo/",bueno:"/ˈbweno/",fuerte:"/ˈfwerte/",beso:"/ˈbeso/","fértil":"/ˈfeɾtil/",rido:"/ˈriðo/",vano:"/ˈbano/",haga:"/ˈaɣa/",huevo:"/ˈweβo/",ciudad:"/θjuˈðað/",cuidado:"/kwiˈðaðo/",cuota:"/ˈkwota/",cota:"/ˈkota/",fuego:"/ˈfweɣo/"},"other-langs-sound-present":!1}]},uid:"da35d07e-eec0-4771-9333-b86860763fc2"}]}}]);