PageSourceSearch

https://www.usgs.gov/

html usgs.gov collected 2026-09-24 07:34:11 UTC 117,304 bytes, 2,499 lines download raw bytes

1<!DOCTYPE html>
2<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
3<head>
4  <!-- Google Tag Manager -->
5  
5<script>
vendor: 352 bytes, lines 5-9
5(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
6        new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
7      j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
8      'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
9    })(window,document,'script','dataLayer', '
9GTM-KWRSKS
vendor: 3 bytes, line 9
9');
9</script>
9
10  <!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
11
12  <meta charset="utf-8" />
13<meta name="description" content="We provide science about the natural hazards that threaten lives and livelihoods; the water, energy, minerals, and other natural resources we rely on; the health of our ecosystems and environment; and the impacts of climate and land-use change. Our scientists develop new methods and tools to supply timely, relevant, and useful information about the Earth and its processes." />
14<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.usgs.gov/home" />
15<meta property="og:site_name" content="USGS" />
16<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
17<meta property="og:url" content="https://www.usgs.gov/" />
18<meta property="og:title" content="Home" />
19<meta property="og:image" content="https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/teaser/public/thumbnails/image/usgs-science.jpg?itok=YK6kvyQm" />
20<meta property="og:image:alt" content="collage of scientists conducting science related to each mission are" />
21<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" />
22<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" />
23<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" />
24<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
25<link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
26
27    <title>USGS.gov | Science for a changing world</title>
28    <link rel="manifest" href="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/manifest.json">
29    <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_R18QUQckHzjb8eLFdij-exYfDVjzIFC5vC2WdDyJZKI.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=usgs_tantalum&amp;include=eJxdzuESgyAIAOAXcvlIHiUVG6YTaPX2q7au3f5w-IFAlyv6WK0AN3CHxXU_EAk4Dw4XZZoep36fjlKpecYYkrFSEGTs1FMSd38a1jUYBYVW_B5cgQpDhTLKOeeSxqZiLZOMGF1FKXkSmnH_zRh6YsXqL78d7mQVxeRbEHQmg4TtnGidbgtA4eiRT0FhUmBLHkRQ_7HPW_JCyQnfOWlrFQ" />
30<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//use.fontawesome.com/releases/v6.5.1/css/all.css" />
31<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_3P8_THuJOKPrBJomyWoTY5bLEfG0-KuZHj10NvDulzM.css?delta=2&amp;language=en&amp;theme=usgs_tantalum&amp;include=eJxdzuESgyAIAOAXcvlIHiUVG6YTaPX2q7au3f5w-IFAlyv6WK0AN3CHxXU_EAk4Dw4XZZoep36fjlKpecYYkrFSEGTs1FMSd38a1jUYBYVW_B5cgQpDhTLKOeeSxqZiLZOMGF1FKXkSmnH_zRh6YsXqL78d7mQVxeRbEHQmg4TtnGidbgtA4eiRT0FhUmBLHkRQ_7HPW_JCyQnfOWlrFQ" />
32
33      </head>
34<body class="page-node-homepage page-node-344965 user-public">
35<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
vendor: 68 bytes, lines 35-36
35
36<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=
36GTM-KWRSKS
vendor: 101 bytes, lines 36-37
36"
37                  height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
38<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
39<a href="#main-content" class="usa-sr-only focusable">
40  Skip to main content
41</a>
42
43  <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>
44      <section class="usa-banner">
45    <div class="usa-banner">
46  <div class="usa-accordion">
47    <header class="usa-banner__header grid-container">
48      <div class="usa-banner__inner">
49        <div class="grid-col-auto">
50          <img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/assets/img/us_flag_small.png" alt="U.S. flag">
51        </div>
52        <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto">
53          <p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p>
54          <p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here's how you know</p>
55        </div>
56        <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner">
57          <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here's how you know</span>
58        </button>
59      </div>
60    </header>
61    <div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content grid-container" id="gov-banner" hidden="">
62      <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg">
63        <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6">
64          <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/assets/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" alt="Dot gov">
65          <div class="usa-media-block__body">
66            <p>
67              <strong>Official websites use .gov</strong>
68              <br>
69              A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
70            </p>
71          </div>
72        </div>
73        <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6">
74          <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/assets/img/icon-https.svg" alt="Https">
75          <div class="usa-media-block__body">
76            <p>
77              <strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong>
78              <br>
79              A <strong>lock (<i class="fas fa-lock"></i>)</strong> or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
80            </p>
81          </div>
82        </div>
83      </div>
84    </div>
85  </div>
86</div>
87
88  </section>
89<header class="usa-header" id="header" role="banner">
90      <div class="usa-banner-inner">
91      
92    </div>
93    <div class="grid-container">
94    <div class="usa-nav-container">
95      <div id="logo">
96  <a class="logo-img" href="/" accesskey="1" title="Home" aria-label="Home">
97    <img src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/usgs_logo.png" alt="Home" />
98  </a>
99</div>
100      <nav class="p-usa-nav desktop-nav" role="navigation">
101        <div class="site-name visually-hidden">U.S. Geological Survey</div>
102<ul class="usa-nav__primary" role="menu">
103      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
104      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
105      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-science-desktop">
106        Science
107      </button>
108      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-science-desktop" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
109        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
110                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
111      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-science-col-1 nav">
112                      <li>
113                                                                                            <a href="/science/science-explorer" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/277817">Science Explorer</a>
114                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
115                      <li>
116                                                                      <a href="/science/science-explorer/biology" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/249826">Biology</a>
117                  </li>
118                      <li>
119                                                                      <a href="/science/science-explorer/climate" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265971">Climate</a>
120                  </li>
121                      <li>
122                                                                      <a href="/science/science-explorer/coasts" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/277818">Coasts</a>
123                  </li>
124                      <li>
125                                                                      <a href="/search?keywords=e
125nergy" data-drupal-link-query="{&quot;keywords&quot;:&quot;energy&quot;}" data-drupal-link-system-path="search">Energy</a>
126                  </li>
127                      <li>
128                                                                      <a href="/search?keywords=environmental%20health" data-drupal-link-query="{&quot;keywords&quot;:&quot;environmental health&quot;}" data-drupal-link-system-path="search">Environmental Health</a>
129                  </li>
130                      <li>
131                                                                      <a href="/search?keywords=geology" data-drupal-link-query="{&quot;keywords&quot;:&quot;geology&quot;}" data-drupal-link-system-path="search">Geology</a>
132                  </li>
133                      <li>
134                                                                      <a href="/search?keywords=information%20systems" data-drupal-link-query="{&quot;keywords&quot;:&quot;information systems&quot;}" data-drupal-link-system-path="search">Information Systems</a>
135                  </li>
136                      <li>
137                                                                      <a href="/science/science-explorer/maps-and-mapping" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279192">Maps and Mapping</a>
138                  </li>
139                      <li>
140                                                                      <a href="/science/science-explorer/minerals" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279189">Minerals</a>
141                  </li>
142                      <li>
143                                                                      <a href="/search?keywords=methods%20and%20analysis" data-drupal-link-query="{&quot;keywords&quot;:&quot;methods and analysis&quot;}" data-drupal-link-system-path="search">Methods and Analysis</a>
144                  </li>
145                      <li>
146                                                                      <a href="/science/science-explorer/natural-hazards" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279188">Natural Hazards</a>
147                  </li>
148                      <li>
149                                                                      <a href="/science/science-explorer/ocean" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279187">Ocean</a>
150                  </li>
151                      <li>
152                                                                      <a href="/science/science-explorer/planetary-science" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279186">Planetary Science</a>
153                  </li>
154                      <li>
155                                                                      <a href="/search?keywords=science%2Btechnology" data-drupal-link-query="{&quot;keywords&quot;:&quot;science+technology&quot;}" data-drupal-link-system-path="search">Science Technology</a>
156                  </li>
157                      <li>
158                                                                      <a href="/search?keywords=water" data-drupal-link-query="{&quot;keywords&quot;:&quot;water&quot;}" data-drupal-link-system-path="search">Water</a>
159                  </li>
160          </ul>
161  
162                  </li>
163          </ul>
164  
165</div>
166                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
167      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-science-col-2 nav">
168                      <li>
169                                                                                            <a href="/science/mission-areas" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50541">Mission Areas</a>
170                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
171                      <li>
172                                                                      <a href="/mission-areas/core-science-systems" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/124">Core Science Systems</a>
173                  </li>
174                      <li>
175                                                                      <a href="/mission-areas/ecosystems" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/125">Ecosystems</a>
176                  </li>
177                      <li>
178                                                                      <a href="/mission-areas/geology-energy-minerals" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/127">Geology, Energy, and Minerals</a>
179                  </li>
180                      <li>
181                                                                      <a href="/mission-areas/natural-hazards" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/128">Natural Hazards</a>
182                  </li>
183                      <li>
184                                                                      <a href="/mission-areas/water-resources" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/129">Water Resources</a>
185                  </li>
186          </ul>
187  
188                  </li>
189                      <li>
190                                                                                            <a href="/science/programs" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50542">Programs</a>
191                  </li>
192          </ul>
193  
194</div>
195                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
196      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-science-col-3 nav">
197                      <li>
198                                                                                            <a href="/science/regions" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50543">Regions</a>
199                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
200                      <li>
201                                                                      <a href="/regions/northeast-region">Northeast Region</a>
202                  </li>
203                      <li>
204                                                                      <a href="/regions/southeast" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/367">Southeast Region</a>
205                  </li>
206                      <li>
207                                                                      <a href="/regions/midcontinent" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/368">Midcontinent Region</a>
208                  </li>
209                      <li>
210                                                                      <a href="/regions/rocky-mountain-region">Rocky Mountain Region</a>
211                  </li>
212                      <li>
213                                                                      <a href="/regions/southwest" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/375">Southwest Region</a>
214                  </li>
215                      <li>
216                                                                      <a href="/regions/alaska" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/376">Alaska Region</a>
217                  </li>
218                      <li>
219                                                                      <a href="/regions/northwest-pacific-islands" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/377">Northwest-Pacific Islands Region</a>
220                  </li>
221          </ul>
222  
223                  </li>
224          </ul>
225  
226</div>
227                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
228      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-science-col-4 nav">
229                      <li>
230                                                                                            <a href="/science/science-centers" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50544">Science Centers</a>
231                  </li>
232                      <li>
233                                                                                            <a href="/science/observatories" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50545">Observatories</a>
234                  </li>
235                      <li>
236                                                                                            <a href="/science/laboratories" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50546">Laboratories</a>
237                  </li>
238                      <li>
239                                                                                            <a href="/science/faqs" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/466">Frequently Asked Questions</a>
240                  </li>
241                      <li>
242                                                                                            <a href="/educational-resources" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/336">Educational Resources</a>
243                  </li>
244                      <li>
245                                                                                            <a href="/science/special-topics" class="section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/281238">Special Topics</a>
246                  </li>
247          </ul>
248  
249</div>
250                  </div>
251      </div>
252    </li>
253      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
254      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
255      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-products-desktop">
256        Products
257      </button>
258      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-products-desktop" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
259        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
260                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
261      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-products-col-1 nav">
262                      <li>
263                                                                                            <a href="/products/data" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229161">Data</a>
264                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
265                      <li>
266                                                                      <a href="/products/data-and-tools/data-management">Data Management</a>
267                  </li>
268                      <li>
269                                                                      <a href="/products/data/data-releases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229163">Data Releases</a>
270                  </li>
271                      <li>
272                                                                      <a href="/products/data/real-time-data" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229162">Real-time Data</a>
273                  </li>
274                      <li>
275                                                                      <a href="/products/data/all-data" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229166">All Data</a>
276                  </li>
277          </ul>
278  
279                  </li>
280                      <li>
281                                                                                            <a href="/products/maps" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229167">Maps</a>
282                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
283                      <li>
284                                                                      <a href="/programs/national-cooperative-geologic-mapping-program/science/national-geologic-map-database-0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43621">Geologic Maps</a>
285                  </li>
286                      <li>
287                                                                      <a href="/products/maps/map-releases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/281195">Map Releases</a>
288                  </li>
289                      <li>
290                                                                      <a href="/programs/national-geospatial-program/top
290ographic-maps" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24635">Topographic (Topo) Maps</a>
291                  </li>
292                      <li>
293                                                                      <a href="/products/maps/volcanic-maps" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279182">Volcanic Maps</a>
294                  </li>
295                      <li>
296                                                                      <a href="/products/maps/all-maps" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279183">All Maps</a>
297                  </li>
298          </ul>
299  
300                  </li>
301          </ul>
302  
303</div>
304                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
305      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-products-col-2 nav">
306                      <li>
307                                                                                            <a href="/products/multimedia-gallery" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229181">Multimedia Gallery</a>
308                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
309                      <li>
310                                                                      <a href="/products/multimedia-gallery/audio" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229185">Audio</a>
311                  </li>
312                      <li>
313                                                                      <a href="/products/multimedia-gallery/images" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229182">Images</a>
314                  </li>
315                      <li>
316                                                                      <a href="/products/multimedia-gallery/stereograms" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279194">Stereograms</a>
317                  </li>
318                      <li>
319                                                                      <a href="/products/multimedia-gallery/videos" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229184">Videos</a>
320                  </li>
321                      <li>
322                                                                      <a href="/products/multimedia-gallery/webcams" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229186">Webcams</a>
323                  </li>
324                      <li>
325                                                                      <a href="/products/multimedia-gallery/all-multimedia" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229183">All Multimedia</a>
326                  </li>
327          </ul>
328  
329                  </li>
330          </ul>
331  
332</div>
333                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
334      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-products-col-3 nav">
335                      <li>
336                                                                                            <a href="/products/publications" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229169">Publications</a>
337                  </li>
338                      <li>
339                                                                                            <a href="/products/web-tools" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265942">Web Tools</a>
340                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
341                      <li>
342                                                                      <a href="/web-tools/alerts-and-notification-services">Alert and Notification Services</a>
343                  </li>
344                      <li>
345                                                                      <a href="/products/web-tools/apis" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265948">APIs</a>
346                  </li>
347                      <li>
348                                                                      <a href="/products/web-tools/data-access-tools" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265949">Data Access Tools</a>
349                  </li>
350                      <li>
351                                                                      <a href="/products/web-tools/data-analysis-tools" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265950">Data Analysis Tools</a>
352                  </li>
353                      <li>
354                                                                      <a href="/products/web-tools/data-visualizations" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265951">Data Visualizations</a>
355                  </li>
356                      <li>
357                                                                      <a href="/products/web-tools/interactive-maps" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265952">Interactive Maps</a>
358                  </li>
359                      <li>
360                                                                      <a href="/products/web-tools/all-web-tools" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265954">All Web Tools</a>
361                  </li>
362          </ul>
363  
364                  </li>
365          </ul>
366  
367</div>
368                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
369      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-products-col-4 nav">
370                      <li>
371                                                                                            <a href="/products/software" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265943">Software</a>
372                  </li>
373                      <li>
374                                                                                            <a href="/us-board-on-geographic-names" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/321">U.S. Board on Geographic Names</a>
375                  </li>
376                      <li>
377                                                                                            <a href="/programs/national-geospatial-program/national-map" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/25338">The National Map</a>
378                  </li>
379                      <li>
380                                                                                            <a href="/library" class="menu-sub-section section-title">USGS Library</a>
381                  </li>
382                      <li>
383                                                                                            <a href="https://store.usgs.gov" class="menu-sub-section section-title">USGS Store</a>
384                  </li>
385                      <li>
386                                                                                            <a href="https://store.usgs.gov/recreational-passes" class="menu-sub-section section-title" target="_blank">Park Passes</a>
387                  </li>
388          </ul>
389  
390</div>
391                  </div>
392      </div>
393    </li>
394      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
395      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
396      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-news-desktop">
397        News
398      </button>
399      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-news-desktop" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
400        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
401                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
402      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-news-col-1 nav">
403                      <li>
404                                                                                            <a href="/news/news-releases" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265956">News Releases</a>
405                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
406                      <li>
407                                                                      <a href="/news/news-releases/national-news-releases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265959">National News Releases</a>
408                  </li>
409                      <li>
410                                                                      <a href="/news/news-releases/state-news-releases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265960">State News Releases</a>
411                  </li>
412                      <li>
413                                                                      <a href="/news/news-releases/all-news-releases" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265968">All News Releases</a>
414                  </li>
415          </ul>
416  
417                  </li>
418          </ul>
419  
420</div>
421                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
422      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-news-col-2 nav">
423                      <li>
424                                                                                            <a href="/news/featured-stories" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265955">Featured Stories</a>
425                  </li>
426                      <li>
427                                                                                            <a href="/news/science-snippets" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265969">Science Snippets</a>
428                  </li>
429                      <li>
430                                                                                            <a href="/news/technical-announcements" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265970">Technical Announcements</a>
431                  </li>
432          </ul>
433  
434</div>
435                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
436      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-news-col-3 nav">
437                      <li>
438                                                                                            <a href="/news/media-contacts" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265974">Media Contacts</a>
439                  </li>
440          </ul>
441  
442</div>
443                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col"></div>
444                  </div>
445      </div>
446    </li>
447      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
448      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
449      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-connect-desktop">
450        Connect
451      </button>
452      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-connect-desktop" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
453        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
454                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
455      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-connect-col-1 nav">
456                      <li>
457                                                                                            <a href="/connect/headquarters" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265978">Headquarters</a>
458                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
459                      <li>
460                                                                      <sp
460an>12201 Sunrise Valley Drive  Reston, VA 20192</span>
461                  </li>
462          </ul>
463  
464                  </li>
465          </ul>
466  
467</div>
468                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
469      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-connect-col-2 nav">
470                      <li>
471                                                                                            <a href="/connect/locations" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265983">Locations</a>
472                  </li>
473                      <li>
474                                                                                            <a href="/connect/staff-profiles" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265984">Staff Profiles</a>
475                  </li>
476          </ul>
477  
478</div>
479                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
480      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-connect-col-3 nav">
481                      <li>
482                                                                                            <a href="/connect/social-media" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265985">Social Media</a>
483                  </li>
484                      <li>
485                                                                                            <a href="/human-capital" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/169">Careers</a>
486                  </li>
487          </ul>
488  
489</div>
490                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
491      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-connect-col-4 nav">
492                      <li>
493                                                                                            <a href="https://answers.usgs.gov" class="menu-sub-section section-title">Contact Us</a>
494                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
495                      <li>
496                                                                      <a href="https://answers.usgs.gov/">Email</a>
497                  </li>
498                      <li>
499                                                                      <a href="tel:+18882758747">USGS Store 1-888-275-8747</a>
500                  </li>
501          </ul>
502  
503                  </li>
504          </ul>
505  
506</div>
507                  </div>
508      </div>
509    </li>
510      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
511      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
512      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-about-desktop">
513        About
514      </button>
515      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-about-desktop" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
516        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
517                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
518      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-about-col-1 nav">
519                      <li>
520                                                                                            <a href="/about/about-us" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229174">About Us</a>
521                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
522                      <li>
523                                                                      <a href="/about/about-us/who-we-are" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229175">Who We Are</a>
524                  </li>
525                      <li>
526                                                                      <a href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c1050/">Our History</a>
527                  </li>
528                      <li>
529                                                                      <a href="/about/about-us/past-directors" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229176">Past Directors</a>
530                  </li>
531          </ul>
532  
533                  </li>
534                      <li>
535                                                                                            <a href="/survey-manual" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/325">Survey Manual</a>
536                  </li>
537                      <li>
538                                                                                            <a href="/about/key-officials" class="section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229172">Key Officials</a>
539                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
540                      <li>
541                                                                      <a href="/media/images/usgs-organizational-chart-key-officials" data-drupal-link-system-path="media/101429">
541Organizational Chart</a>
542                  </li>
543          </ul>
544  
545                  </li>
546          </ul>
547  
548</div>
549                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
550      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-about-col-2 nav">
551                      <li>
552                                                                                            <a href="/about/organization" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229173">Organization</a>
553                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
554                      <li>
555                                                                      <a href="/science/mission-areas" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50541">Mission Areas</a>
556                  </li>
557                      <li>
558                                                                      <a href="/science/programs" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50542">Programs</a>
559                  </li>
560                      <li>
561                                                                      <a href="/science/regions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50543">Regions</a>
562                  </li>
563                      <li>
564                                                                      <a href="/science/science-centers" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50544">Science Centers</a>
565                  </li>
566                      <li>
567                                                                      <a href="/science/observatories" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50545">Observatories</a>
568                  </li>
569                      <li>
570                                                                      <a href="/science/laboratories" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50546">Laboratories</a>
571                  </li>
572                      <li>
573                                                                      <a href="/about/organization/science-support-offices" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/279224">Science Support Offices</a>
574                  </li>
575          </ul>
576  
577                  </li>
578          </ul>
579  
580</div>
581                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
582      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-about-col-3 nav">
583                      <li>
584                                                                                            <a href="/about/congressional" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229177">Congressional</a>
585                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
586                      <li>
587                                                                      <a href="/about/congressional/statements" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229179">Statements</a>
588                  </li>
589                      <li>
590                                                                      <a href="/about/about-us/congressional/contactss">Contacts</a>
591                  </li>
592          </ul>
593  
594                  </li>
595                      <li>
596                                                                                            <a href="/budget" class="menu-sub-section section-title">Budget</a>
597                  </li>
598                      <li>
599                                                                                            <a href="/human-capital" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/169">Careers and Employees</a>
600                  </li>
601                      <li>
602                                                                                            <a href="https://www.doi.gov/pmb/eeo" class="menu-sub-section section-title">Office of Civil Rights</a>
603                  </li>
604          </ul>
605  
606</div>
607                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
608      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-about-col-4 nav">
609                      <li>
610                                                                                            <a href="/about/doing-business" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/280954">Doing Business</a>
611                            <ul class="dropdown-menu">
612                      <li>
613                                                                      <a href="/office-of-acquisition-and-grants" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/350">Acquisition and Financial Assistance </a>
614                  </li>
615          </ul>
616  
617                  </li>
618                      <li>
619                                                                                            <a href="/programs/emergency-management" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/160">Emergency Management</a>
620                  </li>
621          </ul>
622  
623</div>
624                  </div>
625      </div>
626    </li>
627  </ul>
628      </nav>
629      <div class="search-social">
630          <div class="region region--tools">
631    <div id="block-sharebuttons" class="block block-simple-block block-simple-blockshare-buttons">
632  
633    
634      <div class="tex2jax_process">
635<div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 a2a_default_style" aria-labelledby="share-social-media" role="menu">
636<ul>
637<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_facebook"><span class="fab fa-facebook-f">&nbsp;</span><span>Facebook</span></a></li>
638<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_twitter"><span class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter">&nbsp;</span><span>Twitter</span></a></li>
639<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_linkedin"><span class="fab fa-linkedin-in">&nbsp;</span><span>Linkedin</span></a></li>
640<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_digg"><span class="fab fa-digg">&nbsp;</span><span>Digg</span></a></li>
641<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_reddit"><span class="fab fa-reddit">&nbsp;</span><span>Reddit</span></a></li>
642<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_pinterest"><span class="fab fa-pinterest">&nbsp;</span><span>Pinterest</span></a></li>
643<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_email"><span class="far fa-envelope-open">&nbsp;</span><span>Email</span></a></li>
644</ul>
645</div>
646</div>
647
648  </div>
649<div id="block-tools" class="block block-simple-block block-simple-blocktools">
650  
651    
652      <div class="tex2jax_process">
653<p><a href="https://www.usgs.gov/science/faqs">Frequently Asked Questions</a></p>
654</div>
655
656  </div>
657
658  </div>
659
660          <div class="region region--search">
661    <div id="block-exposedformsearchpage-results" class="views-exposed-form-search-page-results block block-views block-views-exposed-filter-blocksearch-page-results">
662  
663    
664      <form class="views-exposed-form usa-form" data-drupal-target-view="search-page_results" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-search-page-results" action="/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-search-page-results" accept-charset="UTF-8" novalidate>
665  <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-keywords js-form-item-keywords form-no-label">
666          <input placeholder="Search" data-drupal-selector="edit-keywords" type="text" id="edit-keywords" name="keywords" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text usa-input" aria-label="Input"/>
667        
668  
669  </div>
670<div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><label class="usa-sr-only">Label</label>
671  <input class="fas fa-search button js-form-submit form-submit usa-button" aria-label="Search" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-search" type="submit" id="edit-submit-search" value="" aria-label="Button" /></div>
672
673
674</form>
675
676  </div>
677
678  </div>
679
680      </div>
681      <button class="mobile-nav-open">
682        <span class="usa-sr-only">Menu</span>
683      </button>
684    </div>
685  </div>
686</header>
687<nav class="p-usa-nav mobile-nav" role="navigation">
688  <div class="mobile-nav-top">
689    <div id="block-exposedformsearchpage-results--2" class="views-exposed-form-search-page-results block block-views block-views-exposed-filter-blocksearch-page-results">
690  
691    
692      <form class="views-exposed-form usa-form" data-drupal-target-view="search-page_results" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-search-page-results-2" action="/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-search-page-results--2" accept-charset="UTF-8" novalidate>
693  <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-keywords js-form-item-keywords form-no-label">
694          <input placeholder="Search" data-drupal-selector="edit-keywords" type="text" id="edit-keywords--2" name="keywords" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text usa-input" aria-label="Input"/>
695        
696  
697  </div>
698<div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions--2"><label class="usa-sr-only">Label</label>
699  <input class="fas fa-search button js-form-submit form-submit usa-button" aria-label="Search" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-search-2" type="submit" id="edit-submit-search--2" value="" aria-label="Button" /></div>
700
701
702</form>
703
704  </div>
705
706    <button class="mobile-nav-close">
707      <span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span>
708    </button>
709  </div>
710  <div class="main-menu">
711    <div class="site-name visually-hidden">U.S. Geological Survey</div>
712<ul class="usa-nav__primary" role="menu">
713      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
714      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
715      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-science-mobile">
716        Science
717      </button>
718      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-science-mobile" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
719        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
720                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
721      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-science-col-1 nav">
722                      <li>
723                                                                                            <a href="/science/science-explorer" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/277817">Science Explorer</a>
724                  </li>
725          </ul>
726  
727</div>
728                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
729      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-science-col-2 nav">
730                      <li>
731                                                                                            <a href="/science/mission-areas" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50541">Mission Areas</a>
732                  </li>
733                      <li>
734                                                                                            <a href="/science/programs" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50542">Programs</a>
735                  </li>
736          </ul>
737  
738</div>
739                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
740      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-science-col-3 nav">
741                      <li>
742                                                                                            <a href="/science/regions" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50543">Regions</a>
743                  </li>
744          </ul>
745  
746</div>
747                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
748      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-science-col-4 nav">
749                      <li>
750                                                                                            <a href="/science/science-centers" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50544">Science Centers</a>
751                  </li>
752                      <li>
753                                                                                            <a href="/science/observatories" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50545">Observatories</a>
754                  </li>
755                      <li>
756                                                                                            <a href="/science/laboratories" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/50546">Laboratories</a>
757                  </li>
758                      <li>
759                                                                                            <a href="/science/faqs" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/466">Frequently Asked Questions</a>
760                  </li>
761                      <li>
762                                                                                            <a href="/educational-resources" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/336">Educational Resources</a>
763                  </li>
764                      <li>
765                                                                                            <a href="/science/special-topics" class="section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/281238">Special Topics</a>
766                  </li>
767          </ul>
768  
769</div>
770                  </div>
771      </div>
772    </li>
773      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
774      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
775      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-products-mobile">
776        Products
777      </button>
778      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-products-mobile" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
779        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
780                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
781      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-products-col-1 nav">
782                      <li>
783                                                                                            <a href="/products/data" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229161">Data</a>
784                  </li>
785                      <li>
786                                                                                            <a href="/products/maps" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229167">Maps</a>
787                  </li>
788          </ul>
789  
790</div>
791                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
792      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-products-col-2 nav">
793                      <li>
794                                                                                            <a href="/products/multimedia-gallery" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229181">Multimedia Gallery</a>
795                  </li>
796          </ul>
797  
798</div>
799                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
800      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-products-col-3 nav">
801                      <li>
802                                                                                            <a href="/products/publications" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229169">Publications</a>
803                  </li>
804                      <li>
805                                                                                            <a href="/products/web-tools" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265942">Web Tools</a>
806                  </li>
807          </ul>
808  
809</div>
810                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
811      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-products-col-4 nav">
812                      <li>
813                                                                                            <a href="/products/software" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265943">Software</a>
814                  </li>
815                      <li>
816                                                                                            <a href="/us-board-on-geographic-names" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/321">U.S. Board on Geographic Names</a>
817                  </li>
818                      <li>
819                                                                                            <a href="/programs/national-geospatial-program/national-map" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/25338">The National Map</a>
820                  </li>
821                      <li>
822                                                                                            <a href="/library" class="menu-sub-section section-title">USGS Library</a>
823                  </li>
824                      <li>
825                                                                                            <a href="https://store.usgs.gov" class="menu-sub-section section-title">USGS Store</a>
826                  </li>
827                      <li>
828                                                                                            <a href="https://store.usgs.gov/recreational-passes" class="menu-sub-section section-title" target="_blank">Park Passes</a>
829                  </li>
830          </ul>
831  
832</div>
833                  </div>
834      </div>
835    </li>
836      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
837      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
838      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-news-mobile">
839        News
840      </button>
841      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-news-mobile" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
842        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
843                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
844      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-news-col-1 nav">
845                      <li>
846                                                                                            <a href="/news/news-releases" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265956">News Releases</a>
847                  </li>
848          </ul>
849  
850</div>
851                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
852      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-news-col-2 nav">
853                      <li>
854                                                                                            <a href="/news/featured-stories" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265955">Featured Stories</a>
855                  </li>
856                      <li>
857                                                                                            <a href="/news/science-snippets" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265969">Science Snippets</a>
858                  </li>
859                      <li>
860                                                                                            <a href="/news/technical-announcements" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265970">Technical Announcements</a>
861                  </li>
862          </ul>
863  
864</div>
865                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
866      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-news-col-3 nav">
867                      <li>
868                                                                                            <a href="/news/media-contacts" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265974">Media Contacts</a>
869                  </li>
870          </ul>
871  
872</div>
873                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col"></div>
874                  </div>
875      </div>
876    </li>
877      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
878      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
879      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-connect-mobile">
880        Connect
881      </button>
882      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-connect-mobile" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
883        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
884                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
885      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-connect-col-1 nav">
886                      <li>
887                                                                                            <a href="/connect/headquarters" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265978">Headquarters</a>
888                  </li>
889          </ul>
890  
891</div>
892                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
893      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-connect-col-2 nav">
894                      <li>
895                                                                                            <a href="/connect/locations" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265983">Locations</a>
896                  </li>
897                      <li>
898                                                                                            <a href="/connect/staff-profiles" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265984">Staff Profiles</a>
899                  </li>
900          </ul>
901  
902</div>
903                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
904      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-connect-col-3 nav">
905                      <li>
906                                                                                            <a href="/connect/social-media" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/265985">Social Media</a>
907                  </li>
908                      <li>
909                                                                                            <a href="/human-capital" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/169">Careers</a>
910                  </li>
911          </ul>
912  
913</div>
914                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
915      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-connect-col-4 nav">
916                      <li>
917                                                                                            <a href="https://answers.usgs.gov" class="menu-sub-section section-title">Contact Us</a>
918                  </li>
919          </ul>
920  
921</div>
922                  </div>
923      </div>
924    </li>
925      <li class="usa-nav__primary-item dropdown" role="menuitem">
926      <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
927      <button class="usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="extended-mega-nav-section-about-mobile">
928        About
929      </button>
930      <div id="extended-mega-nav-section-about-mobile" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu" hidden="">
931        <div class="megamenu-grid-container">
932                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
933      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-about-col-1 nav">
934                      <li>
935                                                                                            <a href="/about/about-us" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229174">About Us</a>
936                  </li>
937                      <li>
938                                                                                            <a href="/survey-manual" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/325">Survey Manual</a>
939                  </li>
940                      <li>
941                                                                                            <a href="/about/key-officials" class="section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229172">Key Officials</a>
942                  </li>
943          </ul>
944  
945</div>
946                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
947      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-about-col-2 nav">
948                      <li>
949                                                                                            <a href="/about/organization" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229173">Organization</a>
950                  </li>
951          </ul>
952  
953</div>
954                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
955      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-about-col-3 nav">
956                      <li>
957                                                                                            <a href="/about/congressional" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/229177">Co
957ngressional</a>
958                  </li>
959                      <li>
960                                                                                            <a href="/budget" class="menu-sub-section section-title">Budget</a>
961                  </li>
962                      <li>
963                                                                                            <a href="/human-capital" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/169">Careers and Employees</a>
964                  </li>
965                      <li>
966                                                                                            <a href="https://www.doi.gov/pmb/eeo" class="menu-sub-section section-title">Office of Civil Rights</a>
967                  </li>
968          </ul>
969  
970</div>
971                      <div class="megamenu-grid-col">
972      <ul class="menu menu--mega-menu-about-col-4 nav">
973                      <li>
974                                                                                            <a href="/about/doing-business" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/280954">Doing Business</a>
975                  </li>
976                      <li>
977                                                                                            <a href="/programs/emergency-management" class="menu-sub-section section-title" data-drupal-link-system-path="group/160">Emergency Management</a>
978                  </li>
979          </ul>
980  
981</div>
982                  </div>
983      </div>
984    </li>
985  </ul>
986  </div>
987  <ul class="mobile-tools">
988    <li role="menuitem">
989      <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map" target="_blank">
990        Latest Earthquakes
991      </a>
992    </li>
993    <li role="menuitem" tabindex="0">
994      <span class="mobile-share" id="share-social-media">Share Social Media</span>
995      <div id="block-sharebuttons--2" class="block block-simple-block block-simple-blockshare-buttons">
996  
997    
998      <div class="tex2jax_process">
999<div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 a2a_default_style" aria-labelledby="share-social-media" role="menu">
1000<ul>
1001<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_facebook"><span class="fab fa-facebook-f">&nbsp;</span><span>Facebook</span></a></li>
1002<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_twitter"><span class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter">&nbsp;</span><span>Twitter</span></a></li>
1003<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_linkedin"><span class="fab fa-linkedin-in">&nbsp;</span><span>Linkedin</span></a></li>
1004<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_digg"><span class="fab fa-digg">&nbsp;</span><span>Digg</span></a></li>
1005<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_reddit"><span class="fab fa-reddit">&nbsp;</span><span>Reddit</span></a></li>
1006<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_pinterest"><span class="fab fa-pinterest">&nbsp;</span><span>Pinterest</span></a></li>
1007<li role="menuitem"><a class="a2a_button_email"><span class="far fa-envelope-open">&nbsp;</span><span>Email</span></a></li>
1008</ul>
1009</div>
1010</div>
1011
1012  </div>
1013
1014    </li>
1015  </ul>
1016</nav>
1017
1018<main class="main-content usa-layout-docs usa-section " role="main" id="main-content" tabindex="-1">
1019        <div class="grid-container">
1020              <aside>
1021            <div class="region region--content-top">
1022    <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>
1023<div id="block-breadcrumbs" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block">
1024  
1025    
1026      
1027  </div>
1028
1029  </div>
1030
1031        </aside>
1032          </div>
1033    <div class="desktop:grid-col-12">
1034        <div id="block-usgs-tantalum-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block">
1035  
1036    
1037      
1038
1039  
1040<div class="node-top grid-container node--type--homepage">
1041  
1042</div>
1043
1044  <div class="carousel">
1045      
1046  
1047
1048<div class="usgs-carousel">
1049      
1050
1051
1052          
1053
1054
1055    <div class="paragraph--type--carousel-item" style="background: url(&#039;https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/carousel/public/media/images/20210130_133239.jpg?h=ce6dd701&amp;itok=mtWo4FFF&#039;) 50% 50% no-repeat; background-size: cover;" aria-label="large truck partially buried by mud">
1056    
1057      <div class="grid-container carousel-content-wrapper">
1058        <div class="carousel-content outer-carousel">
1059                    <div class="usgs-carousel-box-wrapper">
1060              <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list">
1061                <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list-item">
1062                  
1063<div class="field field--name--field-breadcrumb field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1064    
1065      <div  class="field-breadcrumb"><a href="/news/featured-stories" class="usgs-breadcrumbs__link">Featured Story</a></div>
1066  
1067</div>
1068
1069                </div>
1070              </div>
1071
1072              
1073                              <h2 class="carousel-title widescreen:gri
1073d-col-12 desktop:grid-col-12">Helping Prepare the Nation Against Landslide Threats</h2>
1074                                            <h3 class="carousel-subtitle widescreen:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-12">
1075<div class="field field--name--field-subtitle field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1076    
1077      <div  class="field-subtitle">Over the last three years, USGS has awarded millions of dollars to local governments to support landslide risk-reduction efforts</div>
1078  
1079</div>
1080</h3>
1081                            
1082<div class="field field--name--field-ctas field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1083    
1084      <div  class="field-ctas"><a href="/news/featured-story/helping-prepare-nation-against-landslide-threats" class="usgs-button carousel-cta">Read More</a></div>
1085  
1086</div>
1087
1088            </div>
1089                </div>
1090              </div>
1091      </div>
1092  
1093      
1094
1095
1096          
1097
1098
1099    <div class="paragraph--type--carousel-item" style="background: url(&#039;https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/carousel/public/media/images/50states_carto_higherRes.png?h=a090181e&amp;itok=4_Ndi28W&#039;) 50% 50% no-repeat; background-size: cover;" aria-label="maps showing geology of the US, including Alaska and Hawaii">
1100    
1101      <div class="grid-container carousel-content-wrapper">
1102        <div class="carousel-content outer-carousel">
1103                    <div class="usgs-carousel-box-wrapper">
1104              <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list">
1105                <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list-item">
1106                  
1107<div class="field field--name--field-breadcrumb field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1108    
1109      <div  class="field-breadcrumb"><a href="https://www.usgs.gov/news/news-releases/national-news-releases" class="usgs-breadcrumbs__link">National News Release</a></div>
1110  
1111</div>
1112
1113                </div>
1114              </div>
1115
1116              
1117                              <h2 class="carousel-title widescreen:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-12">USGS Cooperative National Geologic Map Now Covers 50 States, U.S. Territories</h2>
1118                                            <h3 class="carousel-subtitle widescreen:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-12">
1119<div class="field field--name--field-subtitle field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1120    
1121      <div  class="field-subtitle">New version unlocks geology critical to understanding resources and hazards across the Nation</div>
1122  
1123</div>
1124</h3>
1125                            
1126<div class="field field--name--field-ctas field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1127    
1128      <div  class="field-ctas"><a href="/news/national-news-release/usgs-cooperative-national-geologic-map-now-covers-50-states-us" class="usgs-button carousel-cta">Read More</a></div>
1129  
1130</div>
1131
1132            </div>
1133                </div>
1134              </div>
1135      </div>
1136  
1137      
1138
1139
1140          
1141
1142
1143    <div class="paragraph--type--carousel-item" style="background: url(&#039;https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/carousel/public/media/images/KS_3DEPAsArt.jpeg?h=da4daa68&amp;itok=U3R2nhoZ&#039;) 50% 50% no-repeat; background-size: cover;" aria-label="3DEP As Art - Kansas">
1144    
1145      <div class="grid-container carousel-content-wrapper">
1146        <div class="carousel-content outer-carousel">
1147                    <div class="usgs-carousel-box-wrapper">
1148              <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list">
1149                <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list-item">
1150                  
1151                </div>
1152              </div>
1153
1154              
1155                              <h2 class="carousel-title widescreen:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-12">Where Art Meets Elevation: A New Way to See America’s Landscapes</h2>
1156                                          
1157<div class="field field--name--field-ctas field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1158    
1159      <div  class="field-ctas"><a href="https://www.usgs.gov/3d-elevation-program/3dep-art-series" class="usgs-button carousel-cta">Explore the Full Collection</a></div>
1160  
1161</div>
1162
1163            </div>
1164                </div>
1165              </div>
1166      </div>
1167  
1168      
1169
1170
1171          
1172
1173
1174    <div class="paragraph--type--carousel-item" style="background: url(&#039;https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/carousel/public/media/images/29752157861_ec3f61be96_o.jpg?h=4ed7a18e&amp;itok=apkvaH32&#039;) 50% 50% no-repeat; background-size: cover;" aria-label="Photo of a large coal mine">
1175    
1176      <div class="grid-container carousel-content-wrapper">
1177        <div class="carousel-content outer-carousel">
1178                    <div class="usgs-carousel-box-wrapper">
1179              <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list">
1180                <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list-item">
1181                  
1182<div class="field field--name--field-breadcrumb field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1183    
1184      <div  class="field-breadcrumb"><a href="/news/featured-stories" class="usgs-breadcrumbs__link">Featured Story</a></div>
1185  
1186</div>
1187
1188                </div>
1189              </div>
1190
1191              
1192                              <h2 class="carousel-title widescreen:gri
1192d-col-12 desktop:grid-col-12">Landsat Illustrates the Life Cycle of a Mine</h2>
1193                                            <h3 class="carousel-subtitle widescreen:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-12">
1194<div class="field field--name--field-subtitle field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1195    
1196      <div  class="field-subtitle">Maps Based on Satellite Data Offer Views Before, During and After Operations</div>
1197  
1198</div>
1199</h3>
1200                            
1201<div class="field field--name--field-ctas field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1202    
1203      <div  class="field-ctas"><a href="/news/featured-story/landsat-illustrates-life-cycle-a-mine" class="usgs-button carousel-cta">Read More</a></div>
1204  
1205</div>
1206
1207            </div>
1208                </div>
1209              </div>
1210      </div>
1211  
1212      
1213
1214
1215          
1216
1217
1218    <div class="paragraph--type--carousel-item" style="background: url(&#039;https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/carousel/public/media/images/DSCN0695.jpg?h=29a8baee&amp;itok=VpjzbDOD&#039;) 50% 50% no-repeat; background-size: cover;" aria-label="Person walks along shoreline carrying a backpack used for surveying elevation.">
1219    
1220      <div class="grid-container carousel-content-wrapper">
1221        <div class="carousel-content outer-carousel">
1222                    <div class="usgs-carousel-box-wrapper">
1223              <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list">
1224                <div class="usgs-breadcrumbs__list-item">
1225                  
1226<div class="field field--name--field-breadcrumb field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1227    
1228      <div  class="field-breadcrumb"><a href="/news/featured-stories" class="usgs-breadcrumbs__link">Featured Story</a></div>
1229  
1230</div>
1231
1232                </div>
1233              </div>
1234
1235              
1236                              <h2 class="carousel-title widescreen:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-12">Hurricane Readiness 2026: USGS Tools That Help Communities Stay Safe</h2>
1237                                          
1238<div class="field field--name--field-ctas field--type--link field--label--hidden">
1239    
1240      <div  class="field-ctas"><a href="/news/featured-story/hurricane-readiness-2026-usgs-tools-help-communities-stay-safe" class="usgs-button carousel-cta">Read More</a></div>
1241  
1242</div>
1243
1244            </div>
1245                </div>
1246              </div>
1247      </div>
1248  
1249  </div>
1250
1251
1252
1253      <div class="carousel-arrows">
1254      <div class="grid-container">
1255        <div class="carousel-prev carousel-arrow hidden-xs"><i class="fa fa-chevron-left"></i></div>
1256        <div class="carousel-next carousel-arrow hidden-xs"><i class="fa fa-chevron-right"></i></div>
1257      </div>
1258    </div>
1259
1260  
1261
1262  </div>
1263
1264
1265
1266<div class="field field--name--field-content field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden">
1267  
1268          <div  class="field-content field-loop-count-1 field-first">
1269
1270
1271  <div class="usgs-container__full-width">
1272    <div class="paragraph--type--full-width-section" style="" aria-label="">
1273
1274      <div class="usgs-full-width-section ">
1275
1276        <div class="grid-container">
1277          
1278                      <h1>
1279              
1280<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1281    
1282      <div  class="field-title">U.S. Geological Survey</div>
1283  
1284</div>
1285
1286            </h1>
1287          
1288
1289          <div class="field-intro">
1290            
1291<div class="field field--name--field-text-with-media field--type--text-long field--label--hidden">
1292    
1293      <div  class="field-text-with-media"><div class="tex2jax_process"><p>Part of the U.S. Department of the Interior, the USGS began in 1879 to study the nation’s lands and resources. Today, we monitor, analyze, and predict Earth’s changing systems. Our science provides clear, reliable data that protects lives and property, supports energy and mineral decisions, strengthens water infrastructure, and promotes economic growth.</p></div></div>
1294  
1295</div>
1296
1297          </div>
1298
1299          
1300
1301          
1302
1303        </div>
1304      </div>
1305    </div>
1306  </div>
1307</div>
1308          <div  class="field-content field-loop-count-2"><div class="api-carousel">
1309
1310  <div class="grid-container">
1311    <div class="hp-arrows">
1312      <div class="c-left"></div>
1313      <div class="c-right"></div>
1314    </div>
1315    <div class="c-usgs-hp-api">
1316      <h4>
1317<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1318    
1319      <div  class="field-title">Latest Earthquake and Volcano Notifications</div>
1320  
1321</div>
1322</h4>
1323        <div class="hp-carousel">
1324          <div class="grid-col-4">
1325        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__orange c-usgs-api-alert__volcano">
1326
1327          <div class="d-alert-type">Volcano</div>
1328          <h5><a href="https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans2/view/notice/DOI-USGS-HVO-2026-09-23T17:16:19+00:00">Kilauea</a></h5>
1329
1330                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1331              <a href="https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans2/view/notice/DOI-USGS-HVO-2026-09-23T17:16:19+00:00">
1332                <div class="d-alert-msg">ORANGE - WATCH</div>
1333                <div></div>
1334                <div>2026-09-23 18:23:22 (UTC)</div>
1335              </a>
1336            </div>
1337          
1338          
1339        </div>
1340      </div>
1341          <div class="grid-col-4">
1342        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__orange c-usgs-api-alert__volcano">
1343
1344          <div class="d-alert-type">Volcano</div>
1345          <h5><a href="https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans2/view/notice/DOI-USGS-AVO-2026-09-23T17:51:33+00:00">Great Sitkin</a></h5>
1346
1347                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1348              <a href="https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans2/view/notice/DOI-USGS-AVO-2026-09-23T17:51:33+00:00">
1349                <div class="d-alert-msg">ORANGE - WATCH</div>
1350                <div></div>
1351                <div>2026-09-23 17:54:19 (UTC)</div>
1352              </a>
1353            </div>
1354          
1355          
1356        </div>
1357      </div>
1358          <div class="grid-col-4">
1359        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__yellow c-usgs-api-alert__volcano">
1360
1361          <div class="d-alert-type">Volcano</div>
1362          <h5><a href="https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans2/view/notice/DOI-USGS-AVO-2026-09-23T17:51:33+00:00">Shishaldin</a></h5>
1363
1364                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1365              <a href="https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans2/view/notice/DOI-USGS-AVO-2026-09-23T17:51:33+00:00">
1366                <div class="d-alert-msg">YELLOW - ADVISORY</div>
1367                <div></div>
1368                <div>2026-09-23 17:54:19 (UTC)</div>
1369              </a>
1370            </div>
1371          
1372          
1373        </div>
1374      </div>
1375          <div class="grid-col-4">
1376        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__green c-usgs-api-alert__earthquake">
1377
1378          <div class="d-alert-type">Earthquake</div>
1379          <h5><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tiqc">Magnitude 6.4</a></h5>
1380
1381          
1382                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1383              <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tiqc">
1384                <div>49 km NNE of Kainantu, Papua New Guinea</div>
1385              </a>
1386              <div class="d-alert-updated">2026-09-20 09:17:36 (UTC)</div>
1387              <div class="d-alert-msg">Pager Alert Level: Green</div>
1388              <div class="d-alert-msg">MMI: <span class="usgs-alert--mmi usgs-alert--mmi__V">V</span> (Moderate Shaking) 104.3 km</div>
1389            </div>
1390          
1391        </div>
1392      </div>
1393          <div class="grid-col-4">
1394        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__yellow c-usgs-api-alert__volcano">
1395
1396          <div class="d-alert-type">Volcano</div>
1397          <h5><a href="https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans2/view/notice/DOI-USGS-NMI-2026-09-18T
139700:41:02+00:00">Ahyi Seamount</a></h5>
1398
1399                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1400              <a href="https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans2/view/notice/DOI-USGS-NMI-2026-09-18T00:41:02+00:00">
1401                <div class="d-alert-msg">YELLOW - ADVISORY</div>
1402                <div></div>
1403                <div>2026-09-18 00:41:48 (UTC)</div>
1404              </a>
1405            </div>
1406          
1407          
1408        </div>
1409      </div>
1410          <div class="grid-col-4">
1411        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__green c-usgs-api-alert__earthquake">
1412
1413          <div class="d-alert-type">Earthquake</div>
1414          <h5><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000ti1p">Magnitude 6.5</a></h5>
1415
1416          
1417                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1418              <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000ti1p">
1419                <div>169 km W of Nikolski, Alaska</div>
1420              </a>
1421              <div class="d-alert-updated">2026-09-17 14:19:52 (UTC)</div>
1422              <div class="d-alert-msg">Pager Alert Level: Green</div>
1423              <div class="d-alert-msg">MMI: <span class="usgs-alert--mmi usgs-alert--mmi__V">V</span> (Moderate Shaking) 98.0 km</div>
1424            </div>
1425          
1426        </div>
1427      </div>
1428          <div class="grid-col-4">
1429        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__green c-usgs-api-alert__earthquake">
1430
1431          <div class="d-alert-type">Earthquake</div>
1432          <h5><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tgrk">Magnitude 6.5</a></h5>
1433
1434          
1435                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1436              <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tgrk">
1437                <div>126 km NNE of Teluknaga, Indonesia</div>
1438              </a>
1439              <div class="d-alert-updated">2026-09-11 21:23:56 (UTC)</div>
1440              <div class="d-alert-msg">Pager Alert Level: Green</div>
1441              <div class="d-alert-msg">MMI: <span class="usgs-alert--mmi usgs-alert--mmi__III">III</span> (Weak Shaking) 372.0 km</div>
1442            </div>
1443          
1444        </div>
1445      </div>
1446          <div class="grid-col-4">
1447        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__ c-usgs-api-alert__earthquake">
1448
1449          <div class="d-alert-type">Earthquake</div>
1450          <h5><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/uw714095342">Magnitude 3.75</a></h5>
1451
1452          
1453                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1454              <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/uw714095342">
1455                <div>20 km E of Castle Rock, Washington</div>
1456              </a>
1457              <div class="d-alert-updated">2026-09-05 11:09:28 (UTC)</div>
1458              <div class="d-alert-msg">Pager Alert Level: Gray (Null)</div>
1459              <div class="d-alert-msg">MMI: <span class="usgs-alert--mmi usgs-alert--mmi__IV">IV</span> (Light Shaking) 17.7 km</div>
1460            </div>
1461          
1462        </div>
1463      </div>
1464          <div class="grid-col-4">
1465        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__yellow c-usgs-api-alert__earthquake">
1466
1467          <div class="d-alert-type">Earthquake</div>
1468          <h5><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tdw6">Magnitude 5.4</a></h5>
1469
1470          
1471                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1472              <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tdw6">
1473                <div>21 km WNW of Jiangyou, China</div>
1474              </a>
1475              <div class="d-alert-updated">2026-09-03 11:39:42 (UTC)</div>
1476              <div class="d-alert-msg">Pager Alert Level: Yellow</div>
1477              <div class="d-alert-msg">MMI: <span class="usgs-alert--mmi usgs-alert--mmi__VI">VI</span> (Strong Shaking) 10.0 km</div>
1478            </div>
1479          
1480        </div>
1481      </div>
1482          <div class="grid-col-4">
1483        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__green c-usgs-api-alert__earthquake">
1484
1485          <div class="d-alert-type">Earthquake</div>
1486          <h5><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tdvt">Magnitude 6.3</a></h5>
1487
1488          
1489                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1490              <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tdvt">
1491                <div>84 km SSW of Nikolski, Alaska</div>
1492              </a>
1493              <div class="d-alert-updated">2026-09-03 11:17:24 (UTC)</div>
1494              <div class="d-alert-msg">Pager Alert Level: Green</div>
1495              <div class="d-alert-msg">MMI: <span class="usgs-alert--mmi usgs-alert--mmi__IV">IV</span> (Light Shaking) 35.0 km</div>
1496            </div>
1497          
1498        </div>
1499      </div>
1500          <div class="grid-col-4">
1501        <div class="usgs-api-blocks c-usgs-api-alert c-usgs-api-alert__ c-u
1501sgs-api-alert__earthquake">
1502
1503          <div class="d-alert-type">Earthquake</div>
1504          <h5><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tbwb">Magnitude 5.2</a></h5>
1505
1506          
1507                      <div class="d-alert-body">
1508              <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000tbwb">
1509                <div>55 km NW of Kodāri̇̄, Nepal</div>
1510              </a>
1511              <div class="d-alert-updated">2026-08-26 02:52:10 (UTC)</div>
1512              <div class="d-alert-msg">Pager Alert Level: Gray (Null)</div>
1513              <div class="d-alert-msg"> </div>
1514            </div>
1515          
1516        </div>
1517      </div>
1518    
1519  </div>
1520
1521    </div>
1522  </div>
1523
1524</div>
1525</div>
1526          <div  class="field-content field-loop-count-3">
1527
1528
1529  <div class="usgs-container__full-width">
1530    <div class="paragraph--type--full-width-section" style="" aria-label="">
1531
1532      <div class="usgs-full-width-section ">
1533
1534        <div class="grid-container">
1535          
1536                      <h1>
1537              
1538<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1539    
1540      <div  class="field-title">Real-time Data</div>
1541  
1542</div>
1543
1544            </h1>
1545          
1546
1547          <div class="field-intro">
1548            
1549          </div>
1550
1551          
1552
1553          
1554<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards-section field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden">
1555    
1556      <div  class="field-image-cards-section">  <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--image-cards paragraph--view-mode--homepage">
1557                
1558
1559
1560  
1561
1562<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden field--name--field_image_cards--homepage">
1563  <div class="grid-row grid-gap">
1564    
1565          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1566
1567
1568
1569  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1570          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1571
1572                              <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Earthquakes</span></a>
1573                  
1574                  <h4 class="d-title">
1575<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1576    
1577      <div  class="field-title">Earthquakes</div>
1578  
1579</div>
1580</h4>
1581        
1582        
1583      </div>
1584      </div>
1585</div>
1586          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1587
1588
1589
1590  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1591          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1592
1593                              <a href="/programs/VHP" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Volcanoes</span></a>
1594                  
1595                  <h4 class="d-title">
1596<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1597    
1598      <div  class="field-title">Volcanoes</div>
1599  
1600</div>
1601</h4>
1602        
1603        
1604      </div>
1605      </div>
1606</div>
1607          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1608
1609
1610
1611  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1612          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1613
1614                              <a href="https://waterdata.usgs.gov/" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Water</span></a>
1615                  
1616                  <h4 class="d-title">
1617<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1618    
1619      <div  class="field-title">Water</div>
1620  
1621</div>
1622</h4>
1623        
1624        
1625      </div>
1626      </div>
1627</div>
1628      </div>
1629</div>
1630
1631
1632
1633      </div>
1634</div>
1635  
1636</div>
1637
1638
1639        </div>
1640      </div>
1641    </div>
1642  </div>
1643</div>
1644          <div  class="field-content field-loop-count-4">
1645
1646    
1647  <div class="usgs-container__full-width">
1648    <div class="paragraph--type--full-width-section" style="background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,.5), rgba(0,0,0,.5)), url(&#039;https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/carousel/public/media/images/LC09_204052_20220128_B432_Guinea-Bissau.jpg?h=02c5c2a6&amp;itok=_tY9kEza&#039;); background-position: 50% 50%;  background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover;" aria-label="Landsat 9 Image of Western Guinea-Bissau">
1649
1650      <div class="usgs-full-width-section full-section-background">
1651
1652        <div class="grid-container">
1653          
1654                      <h1>
1655              
1656<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1657    
1658      <div  class="field-title">Maps</div>
1659  
1660</div>
1661
1662            </h1>
1663          
1664
1665          <div class="field-intro">
1666            
1667<div class="field field--name--field-text-with-media field--type--text-long field--label--hidden">
1668    
1669      <div  class="field-text-with-media"><div class="tex2jax_process"><p>The USGS has over a century of experience producing maps and related information providing critical data for sustaining and improving quality of life and economic vitality of the nation. We&nbsp;organize, maintain, and publish&nbsp;the foundational data of the nation's topography, natural landscape, developed areas, and more.</p></div></div>
1670  
1671</div>
1672
1673          </div>
1674
1675          
1676
1677          
1678<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards-section field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden">
1679    
1680      <div  class="field-image-cards-section">  <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--image-cards paragraph--view-mode--h
1680omepage">
1681                
1682
1683
1684  
1685
1686<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden field--name--field_image_cards--homepage">
1687  <div class="grid-row grid-gap">
1688    
1689          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1690
1691
1692
1693  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1694          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1695
1696                              <a href="/science/science-explorer/maps-and-mapping" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Intro to Mapping</span></a>
1697                  
1698                  <h4 class="d-title">
1699<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1700    
1701      <div  class="field-title">Intro to Mapping</div>
1702  
1703</div>
1704</h4>
1705        
1706        
1707      </div>
1708      </div>
1709</div>
1710          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1711
1712
1713
1714  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1715          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1716
1717                              <a href="https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/topoview/" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Topographic Maps</span></a>
1718                  
1719                  <h4 class="d-title">
1720<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1721    
1722      <div  class="field-title">Topographic Maps</div>
1723  
1724</div>
1725</h4>
1726        
1727        
1728      </div>
1729      </div>
1730</div>
1731          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1732
1733
1734
1735  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1736          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1737
1738                              <a href="https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/ngmdb/ngmdb_home.html" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Geologic Maps</span></a>
1739                  
1740                  <h4 class="d-title">
1741<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1742    
1743      <div  class="field-title">Geologic Maps</div>
1744  
1745</div>
1746</h4>
1747        
1748        
1749      </div>
1750      </div>
1751</div>
1752          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1753
1754
1755
1756  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1757          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1758
1759                              <a href="https://topobuilder.nationalmap.gov/" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Build Your Own Map</span></a>
1760                  
1761                  <h4 class="d-title">
1762<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1763    
1764      <div  class="field-title">Build Your Own Map</div>
1765  
1766</div>
1767</h4>
1768        
1769        
1770      </div>
1771      </div>
1772</div>
1773          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1774
1775
1776
1777  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1778          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1779
1780                              <a href="https://www.usgs.gov/the-national-map-data-delivery/gis-data-download" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">GIS and Mapping Data</span></a>
1781                  
1782                  <h4 class="d-title">
1783<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1784    
1785      <div  class="field-title">GIS and Mapping Data</div>
1786  
1787</div>
1788</h4>
1789        
1790        
1791      </div>
1792      </div>
1793</div>
1794          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1795
1796
1797
1798  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1799          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1800
1801                              <a href="https://store.usgs.gov/maps" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Order a Map</span></a>
1802                  
1803                  <h4 class="d-title">
1804<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1805    
1806      <div  class="field-title">Order a Map</div>
1807  
1808</div>
1809</h4>
1810        
1811        
1812      </div>
1813      </div>
1814</div>
1815      </div>
1816</div>
1817
1818
1819
1820      </div>
1821</div>
1822  
1823</div>
1824
1825
1826        </div>
1827      </div>
1828    </div>
1829  </div>
1830</div>
1831          <div  class="field-content field-loop-count-5">
1832
1833
1834  <div class="usgs-container__full-width">
1835    <div class="paragraph--type--full-width-section" style="" aria-label="">
1836
1837      <div class="usgs-full-width-section ">
1838
1839        <div class="grid-container">
1840          
1841                      <h1>
1842              
1843<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1844    
1845      <div  class="field-title">Research</div>
1846  
1847</div>
1848
1849            </h1>
1850          
1851
1852          <div class="field-intro">
1853            
1854<div class="field field--name--field-text-with-media field--type--text-long field--label--hidden">
1855    
1856      <div  class="field-text-with-media"><div class="tex2jax_process"><p>We provide scientific information and near real-time data on current conditions that helps communities prepare for natural hazards, manage water supplies, earth observations, and guide energy and mineral development.</p></div></div>
1857  
1858</div>
1859
1860          </div>
1861
1862          
1863
1864          
1865<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards-section field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden">
1866    
1867      <div  class="field-image-cards-section">  <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--image-cards paragraph--view-mode--h
1867omepage">
1868                
1869
1870
1871  
1872
1873<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden field--name--field_image_cards--homepage">
1874  <div class="grid-row grid-gap">
1875    
1876          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1877
1878
1879
1880  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1881          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1882
1883                              <a href="/mission-areas/core-science-systems" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Core Science Systems</span></a>
1884                  
1885                  <h4 class="d-title">
1886<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1887    
1888      <div  class="field-title">Core Science Systems</div>
1889  
1890</div>
1891</h4>
1892        
1893        
1894      </div>
1895      </div>
1896</div>
1897          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1898
1899
1900
1901  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1902          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1903
1904                              <a href="/mission-areas/ecosystems" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Ecosystems</span></a>
1905                  
1906                  <h4 class="d-title">
1907<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1908    
1909      <div  class="field-title">Ecosystems</div>
1910  
1911</div>
1912</h4>
1913        
1914        
1915      </div>
1916      </div>
1917</div>
1918          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1919
1920
1921
1922  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1923          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1924
1925                              <a href="/mission-areas/geology-energy-minerals" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Geology, Energy, and Minerals</span></a>
1926                  
1927                  <h4 class="d-title">
1928<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1929    
1930      <div  class="field-title">Geology, Energy, and Minerals</div>
1931  
1932</div>
1933</h4>
1934        
1935        
1936      </div>
1937      </div>
1938</div>
1939          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1940
1941
1942
1943  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1944          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1945
1946                              <a href="/mission-areas/natural-hazards" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Natural Hazards</span></a>
1947                  
1948                  <h4 class="d-title">
1949<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1950    
1951      <div  class="field-title">Natural Hazards</div>
1952  
1953</div>
1954</h4>
1955        
1956        
1957      </div>
1958      </div>
1959</div>
1960          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1961
1962
1963
1964  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1965          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1966
1967                              <a href="/mission-areas/water-resources" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Water Resources</span></a>
1968                  
1969                  <h4 class="d-title">
1970<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1971    
1972      <div  class="field-title">Water Resources</div>
1973  
1974</div>
1975</h4>
1976        
1977        
1978      </div>
1979      </div>
1980</div>
1981          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
1982
1983
1984
1985  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
1986          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
1987
1988                              <a href="/programs/usgs-library" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">USGS Library</span></a>
1989                  
1990                  <h4 class="d-title">
1991<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
1992    
1993      <div  class="field-title">USGS Library</div>
1994  
1995</div>
1996</h4>
1997        
1998        
1999      </div>
2000      </div>
2001</div>
2002      </div>
2003</div>
2004
2005
2006
2007      </div>
2008</div>
2009  
2010</div>
2011
2012
2013        </div>
2014      </div>
2015    </div>
2016  </div>
2017</div>
2018          <div  class="field-content field-loop-count-6">
2019
2020    
2021  <div class="usgs-container__full-width">
2022    <div class="paragraph--type--full-width-section" style="background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0,0,0,.5), rgba(0,0,0,.5)), url(&#039;https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/carousel/public/thumbnails/image/AS-Faults_0.jpg?itok=KoRSQp5w&#039;); background-position: 50% 50%;  background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover;" aria-label="Earth As Art image of Xinjiang, China">
2023
2024      <div class="usgs-full-width-section full-section-background">
2025
2026        <div class="grid-container">
2027          
2028                      <h1>
2029              
2030<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2031    
2032      <div  class="field-title">Critical Minerals</div>
2033  
2034</div>
2035
2036            </h1>
2037          
2038
2039          <div class="field-intro">
2040            
2041<div class="field field--name--field-text-with-media field--type--text-long field--label--hidden">
2042    
2043      <div  class="field-text-with-media"><div class="tex2jax_process"><p>The USGS leads national efforts to map mineral resources and analyze the supply chains needed to drive the U.S. economy including analyzing global supply chain risks and mineral needs for domestic industry, defense, and future production capacity. We partner with state geological surveys, private industry, universities and federal agencies in efforts to identify new mineral resources below ground and in old mine tailings and energy wastes.</p></div></div>
2044  
2045</div>
2046
2047          </div>
2048
2049          
2050<div class="field field--name--field-ctas field--type--link field--label--hidden">
2051    
2052      <div  class="field-ctas"><a href="/nmic" class="usgs-button carousel-cta">Learn More</a></div>
2053  
2054</div>
2055
2056
2057          
2058<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards-section field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden">
2059    
2060      <div  class="field-image-cards-section">  <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--image-cards paragraph--view-mode--h
2060omepage">
2061                
2062
2063
2064  
2065
2066<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden field--name--field_image_cards--homepage">
2067  <div class="grid-row grid-gap">
2068    
2069          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
2070
2071
2072
2073  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
2074          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
2075
2076                              <a href="/programs/mineral-resources-program/science/what-are-critical-minerals-0" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">What are Critical Minerals?</span></a>
2077                  
2078                  <h4 class="d-title">
2079<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2080    
2081      <div  class="field-title">What are Critical Minerals?</div>
2082  
2083</div>
2084</h4>
2085        
2086        
2087      </div>
2088      </div>
2089</div>
2090          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
2091
2092
2093
2094  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
2095          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
2096
2097                              <a href="/mission-areas/geology-energy-minerals/news/maps-maps-maps-where-might-scientists-search-minerals" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Where are critical minerals?</span></a>
2098                  
2099                  <h4 class="d-title">
2100<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2101    
2102      <div  class="field-title">Where are critical minerals?</div>
2103  
2104</div>
2105</h4>
2106        
2107        
2108      </div>
2109      </div>
2110</div>
2111          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
2112
2113
2114
2115  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
2116          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
2117
2118                              <a href="/programs/mineral-resources-program/news/who-collects-nations-mineral-statistics-meet-national" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Meet the National Minerals Information Center </span></a>
2119                  
2120                  <h4 class="d-title">
2121<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2122    
2123      <div  class="field-title">Meet the National Minerals Information Center </div>
2124  
2125</div>
2126</h4>
2127        
2128        
2129      </div>
2130      </div>
2131</div>
2132          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
2133
2134
2135
2136  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
2137          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
2138
2139                              <a href="https://mrdata.usgs.gov/#mineral-resources" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Interactive Mineral Maps</span></a>
2140                  
2141                  <h4 class="d-title">
2142<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2143    
2144      <div  class="field-title">Interactive Mineral Maps</div>
2145  
2146</div>
2147</h4>
2148        
2149        
2150      </div>
2151      </div>
2152</div>
2153          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
2154
2155
2156
2157  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
2158          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
2159
2160                              <a href="/media/images/minerals-net-import-reliance-china" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Minerals from China</span></a>
2161                  
2162                  <h4 class="d-title">
2163<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2164    
2165      <div  class="field-title">Minerals from China</div>
2166  
2167</div>
2168</h4>
2169        
2170        
2171      </div>
2172      </div>
2173</div>
2174          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-4 field-image-cards">
2175
2176
2177
2178  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
2179          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
2180
2181                              <a href="https://tableau.usgs.gov/views/MCS2025_Workbook_01-28-2025_Public/MCSDashboard?%3Aembed=y&amp;%3Aiid=1&amp;%3AisGuestRedirectFromVizportal=y" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Interactive Mineral Commodity Data</span></a>
2182                  
2183                  <h4 class="d-title">
2184<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2185    
2186      <div  class="field-title">Interactive Mineral Commodity Data</div>
2187  
2188</div>
2189</h4>
2190        
2191        
2192      </div>
2193      </div>
2194</div>
2195      </div>
2196</div>
2197
2198
2199
2200      </div>
2201</div>
2202  
2203</div>
2204
2205
2206        </div>
2207      </div>
2208    </div>
2209  </div>
2210</div>
2211          <div  class="field-content field-loop-count-7 field-last">
2212
2213
2214  <div class="usgs-container__full-width">
2215    <div class="paragraph--type--full-width-section" style="" aria-label="">
2216
2217      <div class="usgs-full-width-section ">
2218
2219        <div class="grid-container">
2220          
2221                      <h1>
2222              
2223<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2224    
2225      <div  class="field-title">National Park Passes</div>
2226  
2227</div>
2228
2229            </h1>
2230          
2231
2232          <div class="field-intro">
2233            
2234<div class="field field--name--field-text-with-media field--type--text-long field--label--hidden">
2235    
2236      <div  class="field-text-with-media"><div class="tex2jax_process"><p>America the Beautiful - National Parks and Federal Recreational Lands Passe
2236s are a suite of annual and lifetime passes providing access to federal recreation lands.</p></div></div>
2237  
2238</div>
2239
2240          </div>
2241
2242          
2243
2244          
2245<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards-section field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden">
2246    
2247      <div  class="field-image-cards-section">  <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--image-cards paragraph--view-mode--homepage">
2248                
2249
2250
2251  
2252
2253<div class="field field--name--field-image-cards field--type--entity-reference-revisions field--label--hidden field--name--field_image_cards--homepage">
2254  <div class="grid-row grid-gap">
2255    
2256          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-6 field-image-cards">
2257
2258
2259
2260  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
2261          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
2262
2263                              <a href="https://store.usgs.gov/recreational-passes" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Order a Pass</span></a>
2264                  
2265                  <h4 class="d-title">
2266<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2267    
2268      <div  class="field-title">Order a Pass</div>
2269  
2270</div>
2271</h4>
2272        
2273        
2274      </div>
2275      </div>
2276</div>
2277          <div  class="tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop-lg:grid-col-6 field-image-cards">
2278
2279
2280
2281  <div class="paragraph--type--image-card" >
2282          <div class="c-usgs-image-card" style="" aria-label="">
2283
2284                              <a href="https://store.usgs.gov/faq" class="d-link"><span class="usa-sr-only usgs-screenreader-only">Pass FAQs</span></a>
2285                  
2286                  <h4 class="d-title">
2287<div class="field field--name--field-title field--type--string field--label--hidden">
2288    
2289      <div  class="field-title">Pass FAQs</div>
2290  
2291</div>
2292</h4>
2293        
2294        
2295      </div>
2296      </div>
2297</div>
2298      </div>
2299</div>
2300
2301
2302
2303      </div>
2304</div>
2305  
2306</div>
2307
2308
2309        </div>
2310      </div>
2311    </div>
2312  </div>
2313</div>
2314  
2315</div>
2316
2317
2318<div class="clearfix"></div>
2319
2320
2321
2322  </div>
2323
2324
2325    <div class="clearfix"></div>
2326  </div>
2327</main>
2328
2329<footer class="usa-footer usa-footer--big" role="contentinfo">
2330  <div class="usa-footer__return-to-top">
2331    <a href="#" id="back-to-top"><span class="usa-sr-only">Back to Top</span></a>
2332  </div>
2333      <div class="usa-footer__primary-section">
2334      <div class="usa-footer__primary-content">
2335                              <nav class="usa-footer__nav">
2336      <div class="grid-container">
2337        <div class="grid-row tablet:grid-gap-4">
2338    
2339                        
2340              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2341          <a  href="/accessibility">Accessibility</a>
2342        </div>
2343                              
2344              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2345          <a  href="/foia">FOIA</a>
2346        </div>
2347                              
2348              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2349          <a  href="/legal">Site Policies</a>
2350        </div>
2351                              
2352              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2353          <a  href="https://www.doi.gov/privacy">Privacy Policy</a>
2354        </div>
2355                              
2356              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2357          <a  href="/sitemap">Site Map</a>
2358        </div>
2359                              
2360              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2361          <a  href="/doi-and-usgs-link-policies-apply">DOI and USGS link policies apply</a>
2362        </div>
2363                              
2364              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2365          <a  href="https://www.doi.gov/pmb/eeo/reports-repository">No FEAR Act</a>
2366        </div>
2367                              
2368              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2369          <a  href="https://www.usa.gov">USA.gov</a>
2370        </div>
2371                              
2372              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2373          <a  href="/legal/usgs-vulnerability-disclosure-policy">Vulnerability Disclosure</a>
2374        </div>
2375                              
2376              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2377          <a  href="/human-capital">Careers and Employment</a>
2378        </div>
2379                              
2380              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2381          <a  href="/about/doing-business">Doing Business</a>
2382        </div>
2383                              
2384              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2385          <a  href="/programs/emergency-management">Emergency Management</a>
2386        </div>
2387                              
2388              <div class="footer-column tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-2">
2389          <a  href="https://www.doi.gov/pmb/eeo">Office of Civil Rights</a>
2390        </div>
2391          
2392            </div>
2393      </div>
2394    </nav>
2395      
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401                      </div>
2402    </div>
2403        <div class="usa-footer__secondary-section">
2404      <div class="grid-container">
2405        <div class="grid-row grid-gap">
2406                    <div class="usa-footer__logo grid-row mobile-lg:grid-col-6 mobile-lg:grid-gap-2">
2407                        <a href="https://www.usgs.gov">
2408                                    <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-auto">
2409              <img class="usa-footer__logo-img" src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/usgs_logo.png" alt="Agency logo">
2410            </div>
2411                                    </a>
2412                        <div class="grid-row margin-top-1">
2413                          <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-12">
2414                <a href="https://www.usgs.gov" target="_blank">
2415                  <span class="usa-footer__logo-heading margin-0 text-heavy">U.S. Geological Survey</span>
2416                </a>
2417              </div>
2418                                      <div class="mobile-lg:grid-col-12">
2419                <a href="https://www.doi.gov" target="_blank">
2420                  <span class="usa-footer__logo-heading margin-0">U.S. Department of the Interior</span>
2421                </a>
2422              </div>
2423                        </div>
2424          </div>
2425          <div class="usa-footer__contact-links desktop:grid-col-6">
2426                          <div class="usa-footer__social-links grid-row grid-gap-1">
2427                                  <div class="grid-col-auto">
2428                    <a class="usa-social-link" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/USGeologicalSurvey/">
2429                      <img
2430                        class="usa-social-link__icon"
2431                        src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/assets/img/usa-icons/facebook.svg"
2432                        alt="Facebook" />
2433                    </a>
2434                  </div>
2435                                                  <div class="grid-col-auto">
2436                    <a class="usa-social-link" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/USGS">
2437                      <img
2438                        class="usa-social-link__icon"
2439                        src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/assets/img/usa-icons/x.svg"
2440                        alt="Twitter" />
2441                    </a>
2442                  </div>
2443                                                  <div class="grid-col-auto">
2444                    <a class="usa-social-link" target="_blank" href="https://youtube.com/@usgs?sub_confirmation=1">
2445                      <img
2446                        class="usa-social-link__icon"
2447                        src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/assets/img/usa-icons/youtube.svg"
2448                        alt="YouTube" />
2449                    </a>
2450                  </div>
2451                                                  <div class="grid-col-auto">
2452                    <a class="usa-social-link" target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/usgs/">
2453                      <img
2454                        class="usa-social-link__icon"
2455                        src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/assets/img/usa-icons/instagram.svg"
2456                        alt="Instagram" />
2457                    </a>
2458                  </div>
2459                                                  <div class="grid-col-auto">
2460                    <a class="usa-social-link" target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/usgs/">
2461                      <img
2462                        class="usa-social-link__icon"
2463                        src="/themes/custom/usgs_tantalum/assets/img/usa-icons/linkedin.svg"
2464                        alt="LinkedIn" />
2465                    </a>
2466                  </div>
2467                              </div>
2468                                      <div class="usa-footer__contact-heading">Contact USGS</div>
2469                        <address class="usa-footer__address">
2470              <div class="usa-footer__contact-info grid-row grid-gap">
2471                                
2472                                  <div class="grid-col-auto">
2473                    <a href="https://answers.usgs.gov">answers.usgs.gov</a>
2474                  </div>
2475                              </div>
2476            </address>
2477          </div>
2478                  </div>
2479      </div>
2480    </div>
2481  </footer>
2482
2483  </div>
2484
2485
2486
2487  <div class="touchpoint-survey-wrapper">
2488    <a id="touchpoint-survey-button" class="usa-button">Was this page helpful?</a>
2489  </div>
2490
2491
2492<script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/344965","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJx1kYGurCAMRH_IlU8iFbvKEyhpi6736x_qbjaXeBMTnTmDpFNHjGbkkiH0o4dAUw__4NXhS4NPywe9ZedjZlpxtLEE9VYwoFPjo3QRdK4HjaCW_FVU2GGXgWFiyLN8fvh1-pJyGYKXGceOUTIl8StahSGgffqgyObrP06_k10UoxlAsCsyyTsoJsDPblePm9hjkOq_fgdO4WYSTBcQBHazuV52wX0jHmskIKQ6yplRSAqhRANSB5TGHEmvp_GfVD82FIrYkMw-6YNS2BtwqH4AtygptZef0AFTqcXfsamibOtB784O7jIRhBLf3htp8AEfCVY_gXpKd6Gz_7aBD_nDv9QtY0ji2Oe2uzctyYEe7W11Jce2zZMhYl3R8h_ClxdG","theme":"usgs_tantalum","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/search":true},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetAppendNewWindowLabel":"(opens in a new window)","extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":true,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"0","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":true,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"([a-zA-Z0-9-\\.]+\\.(gov))|(d9-wret\\.s3)|(usgs-ocapsv2-public)|(doi\\.org\\\/10.((5066)|(3133)|2737|14509|2172|23645|25923|36967|7289|7930|7944))","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssInclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"This link will direct you to a non-government website that may have different privacy policies from those of the U.S. Geological Survey.","extHideIcons":false,"mailtoClass":"0","telClass":"0","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","telLabel":"(link is a phone number)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"before","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","extAdditionalLinkClasses":"","extAdditionalMailtoClasses":"","extAdditionalTelClasses":"","extFaTelClasses":"fa fa-phone","whitelistedDomains":[],"extExcludeNoreferrer":""}},"improved_multi_select":{"selectors":["[id^=edit-group-tagging] select[multiple]","#edit-field-content-types"],"filtertype":"partial","placeholder_text":"","orderable":false,"js_regex":false,"groupresetfilter":false,"remove_required_attr":false,"buttontext_add":"\u003E","buttontext_addall":"\u00bb","buttontext_del":"\u003C","buttontext_delall":"\u00ab","buttontext_moveup":"Move up","buttontext_movedown":"Move down"},"mathjax":{"config_type":1,"config":{"tex":{"inlineMath":[["$","$"],["\\(","\\)"]],"processEscapes":"true"},"showProcessingMessages":"false","messageStyle":"none"}},"usgs_storytelling":{"storytelling":{"bundle":"homepage"}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"c27ab8154266b9aecf169c9667c590927b8101f3237055d8d77ea62bad5a0620"}}</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2492
2492
2493<script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_Eta2g8a2glZSzWlGvm1E5ZYVH66APLLY4gWN9VPKqFc.js?scope=footer&amp;delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=usgs_tantalum&amp;include=eJx1kOGOhCAMhF_IlUciFXvaEyhpi6v39Ofq7o8jXkJCZr4pzRBY0I1SC8R-JIg89fANW4ebRcrLB71lR6kIrzj6VKORV4wYzFHSLoHNx6BTrhKwqzqp_6JoKOoi_Ox-JXyqfz1--NvfwCnCzIr5AoogYXbX5RfcnyzjEYkIuZYrY5ANYk0OVNG0MUe26zR-Ecr24Bz3BrxUP0BYjI3bFScMIFyPyndsOlDxxyCFs-ldJoFyltu9iQeK-Miw0gRGnO9CBkPEtueH_ONf6pYJZA1Cpf2hN605gOEvM3bZlA"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2493
2493
2494<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2494
2494
2495<script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_4eCNJxFkXNgMTfDRcxuw21x8f4_qiIj_6ShiduIcUJQ.js?scope=footer&amp;delta=2&amp;language=en&amp;theme=usgs_tantalum&amp;include=eJx1kOGOhCAMhF_IlUciFXvaEyhpi6v39Ofq7o8jXkJCZr4pzRBY0I1SC8R-JIg89fANW4ebRcrLB71lR6kIrzj6VKORV4wYzFHSLoHNx6BTrhKwqzqp_6JoKOoi_Ox-JXyqfz1--NvfwCnCzIr5AoogYXbX5RfcnyzjEYkIuZYrY5ANYk0OVNG0MUe26zR-Ecr24Bz3BrxUP0BYjI3bFScMIFyPyndsOlDxxyCFs-ldJoFyltu9iQeK-Miw0gRGnO9CBkPEtueH_ONf6pYJZA1Cpf2hN605gOEvM3bZlA"></script>
2495
2496
2497
2498</body>
2499</html>

Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.