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24nswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Each fact â timezone, screen resolution, GPU string, canvas hash â carries measurable bits of entropy. Combined, they multiply: enough distinct facts and the remaining candidate pool shrinks from hundreds of millions toward a single device."}},{"@type":"Question","name":"Is this the same math real tracking systems use?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The entropy values are grounded in EFF's Panopticlick research where measured, and reasonable estimates elsewhere. The underlying math â population divided by 2^bits â is the same used to describe browser fingerprint uniqueness generally."}}]}]</script>
24</head> 25 <body> 26 <div id="root"><div class="min-h-screen bg-background text-foreground"><svg class="pointer-events-none fixed inset-0 z-30 h-full w-full" aria-hidden="true"></svg><a href="#main-content" class="sr-only focus:not-sr-only focus:fixed focus:left-2 focus:top-2 focus:z-50 focus:bg-foreground focus:px-4 focus:py-2 focus:text-background font-mono text-xs uppercase tracking-[0.14em] leading-none">Skip to main content</a><header class="sticky top-0 z-40 bg-background"><nav aria-label="Primary" class="relative border-b border-border"><div class="px-6 lg:px-16 max-w-wide mx-auto flex items-center justify-between h-16"><a class="flex items-center focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-signal" aria-label="Proof You Are Human â Home" href="/"><span class="inline-flex items-center gap-2 leading-none whitespace-nowrap"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="h-[1.15em] w-[1.15em] shrink-0" 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26Observable signals reduce identity entropy.</h1><p class="text-[clamp(1.125rem,1.6vw,1.375rem)] text-muted-foreground leading-[1.55] max-w-xl mt-4 ">This report treats the current session as an attack surface: signal becomes identity, identity reduces uncertainty, and reduced uncertainty creates an exploitable person-shaped record.</p></section><div class="px-6 lg:px-16 max-w-wide mx-auto py-10 lg:py-14"><header class="grid gap-6 border-b border-border pb-8 lg:grid-cols-[1fr_14rem]"><div><p class="font-mono text-[0.6875rem] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-signal leading-none ">Identity entropy report</p><h2 class="font-display text-[clamp(2rem,4vw,3.375rem)] font-medium tracking-[-0.035em] leading-[0.98] mt-4 lg:mt-5 max-w-3xl text-foreground">The session is no longer an anonymous visit.</h2></div><div class="font-mono"><p class="text-[0.68rem] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-muted-foreground">Observed marks</p><p class="mt-2 text-5xl font-semibold leading-none tracking-[-0.06em] text-foreground">00</p></div></header></div><div class="px-6 lg:px-16 max-w-wide mx-auto py-16 lg:py-24"><h2 class="font-mono text-[0.6875rem] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-signal leading-none mb-5 lg:mb-6">The math, live</h2><p class="font-display text-[clamp(1.375rem,2vw,1.875rem)] font-medium tracking-[-0.025em] leading-[1.08] max-w-3xl text-foreground">How this session's real signals narrow a candidate pool.</p><div class="text-base text-muted-foreground leading-[1.72] mt-5 lg:mt-6 max-w-2xl space-y-4"><p>Shannon entropy measures uncertainty. For a set of possible outcomes <span data-testid="react-katex"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">x_i</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.5806em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3117em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">â</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> with probabilities <span data-testid="react-katex"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p(x_i)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3117em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">â</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span>, the entropy <span data-testid="react-katex"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">H(X)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0813em;">H</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0785em;">X</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span> is calculated as:</p><div class="overflow-x-auto border border-border bg-card px-4 py-5 text-foreground"><div data-testid="react-katex"><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>â</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"></mspace><mi>s</mi><mi>u</mi><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"></mspace><mi>l</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">H(X) = - \\sum_i p(x_i) \\log_2 p(x_i)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0813em;">H</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0785em;">X</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6667em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord">â</span></span><span class="mspace newline"></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span><span class="mord mathnormal">u</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">m</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3117em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">â</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3117em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">â</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span><span class="mspace newline"></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0197em;">l</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0359em;">g</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3011em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0359em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">â</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3117em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">â</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span></div></div><p><span data-testid="react-katex"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p(x_i)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">p</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3117em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">i</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">â</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span> is the probability of a specific outcome, and <span data-testid="react-katex"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mspace linebreak="newline"></mspace><mi>l</mi><mi>o</mi><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\\log_2</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mspace newline"></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8889em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0197em;">l</span><span class="mord mathnormal">o</span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.0359em;">g</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3011em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0359em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">â</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> measures information in bits. Here, each exposed signal removes a few bits of uncertainty, shrinking the number of plausible people your browser could belong to. See Shannon's original paper, <a class="font-semibold text-foreground underline decoration-signal underline-offset-4" href="https://people.math.harvard.edu/~ctm/home/text/others/shannon/entropy/entropy.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">A Mathematical Theory of Communication</a>.</p></div><div class="mt-5 lg:mt-6"><div class="border-y border-border py-5"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-baseline justify-between gap-3"><p class="font-mono text-[0.68rem] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-muted-foreground">Candidate pool, narrowed live from 330,000,000 (U.S. population)</p><p class="font-mono text-xs text-muted-foreground">Illustrative model â see note below. Not a measured ground truth for this device.</p></div><div class="mt-6"><svg viewBox="0 0 800 220" role="img" aria-label="A funnel narrowing from 330,000,000 candidates down to 0.16 as this session's real signals accumulate" class="w-full"><path d="M 60 30 C 360 40, 496 100, 740 110 27 M 60 190 C 360 180, 496 120, 740 110" fill="none" class="entropy-funnel__outline" stroke-width="1.5"></path><path d="M 60 110 L 740 110" pathLength="100" class="entropy-funnel__track" stroke-width="2" fill="none"></path><path d="M 60 110 L 740 110" pathLength="100" class="entropy-comet" stroke-width="3" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"></path><g><circle cx="60" cy="110" r="46" class="entropy-funnel__population"></circle><text x="60" y="176" text-anchor="middle" class="entropy-funnel__label">330,000,000</text></g><g><circle cx="157.14285714285714" cy="110" r="23" class="entropy-funnel__population"></circle><text x="157.14285714285714" y="176" text-anchor="middle" class="entropy-funnel__label">40,122,017</text></g><g><circle cx="254.28571428571428" cy="110" r="11.5" class="entropy-funnel__population"></circle><text x="254.28571428571428" y="176" text-anchor="middle" class="entropy-funnel__label">1,410,613</text></g><g><circle cx="351.42857142857144" cy="110" r="5.75" class="entropy-funnel__population"></circle><text x="351.42857142857144" y="176" text-anchor="middle" class="entropy-funnel__label">329,037</text></g><g><circle cx="448.57142857142856" cy="110" r="3" class="entropy-funnel__population"></circle><text x="448.57142857142856" y="176" text-anchor="middle" class="entropy-funnel__label">2,571</text></g><g><circle cx="545.7142857142858" cy="110" r="3" class="entropy-funnel__population"></circle><text x="545.7142857142858" y="176" text-anchor="middle" class="entropy-funnel__label">80.3</text></g><g><circle cx="642.8571428571429" cy="110" r="3" class="entropy-funnel__population"></circle><text x="642.8571428571429" y="176" text-anchor="middle" class="entropy-funnel__label">10.0</text></g><g><circle cx="740" cy="110" r="3" class="entropy-funnel__population"></circle><text x="740" y="176" text-anchor="middle" class="entropy-funnel__label">0.16</text></g></svg></div><ol class="mt-4 space-y-2"><li class="grid gap-2 border-t border-border py-3 font-mono text-sm sm:grid-cols-[1fr_6rem_10rem]"><span class="text-foreground">Timezone <span class="text-muted-foreground">â UTC</span></span><span class="text-muted-foreground">+3.04 bits <span class="text-[0.68rem]">(measured â EFF Panopticlick, 2010)</span></span><span class="text-right font-semibold text-foreground sm:text-left">40,122,017 left</span></li><li class="grid gap-2 border-t border-border py-3 font-mono text-sm sm:grid-cols-[1fr_6rem_10rem]"><span class="text-foreground">Screen resolution + pixel ratio <span class="text-muted-foreground">â 1280Ã720 @ 1x</span></span><span class="text-muted-foreground">+4.83 bits <span class="text-[0.68rem]">(measured â EFF Panopticlick, 2010)</span></span><span class="text-right font-semibold text-foreground sm:text-left">1,410,613 left</span></li><li class="grid gap-2 border-t border-border py-3 font-mono text-sm sm:grid-cols-[1fr_6rem_10rem]"><span class="text-foreground">Platform + language <span class="text-muted-foreground">â Linux x86_64 · en-US</span></span><span class="text-muted-foreground">+2.10 bits <span class="text-[0.68rem]">(estimated)</span></span><span class="text-right font-semibold text-foreground sm:text-left">329,037 left</span></li><li class="grid gap-2 border-t border-border py-3 font-mono text-sm sm:grid-cols-[1fr_6rem_10rem]"><span class="text-foreground">GPU renderer string <span class="text-muted-foreground">â ANGLE (Google, Vulkan 1.3.0 (SwiftShader Device (Subzero) (0x0000C0DE)), SwiftShader driver)</span></span><span class="text-muted-foreground">+7.00 bits <span class="text-[0.68rem]">(estimated)</span></span><span class="text-right font-semibold text-foreground sm:text-left">2,571 left</span></li><li class="grid gap-2 border-t border-border py-3 font-mono text-sm sm:grid-cols-[1fr_6rem_10rem]"><span class="text-foreground">Canvas render hash <span class="text-muted-foreground">
27â fp-707c41bf</span></span><span class="text-muted-foreground">+5.00 bits <span class="text-[0.68rem]">(estimated)</span></span><span class="text-right font-semibold text-foreground sm:text-left">80.3 left</span></li><li class="grid gap-2 border-t border-border py-3 font-mono text-sm sm:grid-cols-[1fr_6rem_10rem]"><span class="text-foreground">Audio-stack fingerprint <span class="text-muted-foreground">â fp-5556c7b1</span></span><span class="text-muted-foreground">+3.00 bits <span class="text-[0.68rem]">(estimated)</span></span><span class="text-right font-semibold text-foreground sm:text-left">10.0 left</span></li><li class="grid gap-2 border-t border-border py-3 font-mono text-sm sm:grid-cols-[1fr_6rem_10rem]"><span class="text-foreground">Installed font list <span class="text-muted-foreground">â 1 detected · Bauhaus 93</span></span><span class="text-muted-foreground">+6.00 bits <span class="text-[0.68rem]">(estimated)</span></span><span class="text-right font-semibold text-foreground sm:text-left">0.16 left</span></li></ol><p class="mt-4 font-mono text-xs leading-relaxed text-muted-foreground">This adds each signal's estimated bits as if they were independent, which overstates precision a little â GPU, canvas, and audio fingerprints correlate with each other. Timezone and screen-resolution bits are measured (EFF Panopticlick, 2010); the rest are this project's own conservative estimates, not a population study.</p></div></div></div><div class="px-6 lg:px-16 max-w-wide mx-auto border-t border-border py-16 lg:py-24"><h2 class="font-mono text-[0.6875rem] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-signal leading-none mb-5 lg:mb-6">Where each signal could go</h2><p class="font-display text-[clamp(1.375rem,2vw,1.875rem)] font-medium tracking-[-0.025em] leading-[1.08] max-w-3xl text-foreground">Four categories, four exploitation paths.</p><div class="grid gap-4 mt-10 lg:mt-12"><article class="border border-border bg-card shadow-md hover:shadow-lg p-5 sm:p-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-baseline justify-between gap-2"><p class="font-mono text-[0.68rem] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-signal">Network</p><p class="font-mono text-[0.82rem] leading-relaxed text-foreground">Unavailable in browser-only mode</p></div><dl class="mt-4 grid gap-4 border-t border-border pt-4 sm:grid-cols-2"><div><dt class="font-mono text-[0.65rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground">Entropy reduction</dt><dd class="mt-1 text-sm leading-relaxed text-foreground">Unavailable in browser-only mode</dd></div><div><dt class="font-mono text-[0.65rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground">Exploitation path</dt><dd class="mt-1 text-sm leading-relaxed text-foreground">ZIP-level location, ISP context, subpoena-ready timestamp, carrier inference.</dd></div></dl></article><article class="border border-border bg-card shadow-md hover:shadow-lg p-5 sm:p-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-baseline justify-between gap-2"><p class="font-mono text-[0.68rem] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-signal">Device</p><p class="font-mono text-[0.82rem] leading-relaxed text-foreground">Linux x86_64 · 1280Ã720 · UTC</p></div><dl class="mt-4 grid gap-4 border-t border-border pt-4 sm:grid-cols-2"><div><dt class="font-mono text-[0.65rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground">Entropy reduction</dt><dd class="mt-1 text-sm leading-relaxed text-foreground">Viewport, platform, timezone, cores, and language narrow the device cohort.</dd></div><div><dt class="font-mono text-[0.65rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground">Exploitation path</dt><dd class="mt-1 text-sm leading-relaxed text-foreground">Cookie-free linkage, identity graph enrichment, corporate or residential targeting.</dd></div></dl></article><article class="border border-border bg-card shadow-md hover:shadow-lg p-5 sm:p-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-baseline justify-between gap-2"><p class="font-mono text-[0.68rem] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-signal">Behavior</p><p class="font-mono text-[0.82rem] leading-relaxed text-foreground">No typing signature yet · No scroll rhythm yet · No tap/click trace yet</p></div><dl class="mt-4 grid gap-4 border-t border-border pt-4 sm:grid-cols-2"><div><dt class="font-mono text-[0.65rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground">Entropy reduction</dt><dd class="mt-1 text-sm leading-relaxed text-foreground">Cadence, scroll velocity, and tap timing form a passive biometric pattern.</dd></div><div><dt class="font-mono text-[0.65rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground">Exploitation path</dt><dd class="mt-1 text-sm leading-relaxed text-foreground">Risk scoring, passive authentication, replay comparison, synthetic identity validation.</dd></div></dl></article><article class="border border-border bg-card shadow-md hover:shadow-lg p-5 sm:p-6"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-baseline justify-between gap-2"><p class="font-mono text-[0.68rem] font-semibold uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-signal">Continuity</p><p class="font-mono text-[0.82rem] leading-relaxed text-foreground">1 page seen · last input: none</p></div><dl class="mt-4 grid gap-4 border-t border-border pt-4 sm:grid-cols-2"><div><dt class="font-mono text-[0.65rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground">Entropy reduction</dt><dd class="mt-1 text-sm leading-relaxed text-foreground">Route order and repeated visits attach behavior to the same node.</dd></div><div><dt class="font-mono text-[0.65rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-muted-foreground">Exploitation path</dt><dd class="mt-1 text-sm leading-relaxed text-foreground">Routine reconstruction, dossier enrichment, stalking, insider-threat targeting.</dd></div></dl></article></div></div></div></div></main><section class="px-6 lg:px-16 max-w-wide mx-auto border-t border-border bg-background py-16 lg:py-24"><h2 class="font-mono text-[0.6875rem] uppercase tracking-[0.18em] text-signal leading-none mb-5 lg:mb-6">FAQ</h2><h2 class="font-display text-[clamp(2rem,4vw,3.375rem)] font-medium tracking-[-0.035em] leading-[0.98] max-w-3xl text-foreground">Common questions</h2><dl class="grid gap-4 mt-10 lg:mt-12"><div class="border border-border bg-card shadow-md hover:shadow-lg p-5 sm:p-6"><dt class="font-mono text-[0.6875rem] uppercase tracking-[0.16em] text-foreground leading-none">How can a few browser facts identify one person out of millions?</dt><dd class="text-sm text-muted-foreground leading-[1.65] mt-3 border-t border-border pt-3 text-foreground">Each fact â timezone, screen resolution, GPU string, canvas hash â carries measurable bits of entropy. Combined, they multiply: enough distinct facts and the remaining candidate pool shrinks from hundreds of millions toward a single device.</dd></div><div class="border border-border bg-card shadow-md hover:shadow-lg p-5 sm:p-6"><dt class="font-mono text-[0.6875rem] uppercase tracking-[0.16em] text-foreground leading-none">Is this the same math real tracking systems use?</dt><dd class="text-sm text-muted-foreground leading-[1.65] mt-3 border-t border-border pt-3 text-foreground">The entropy values are grounded in EFF's Panopticlick research where measured, and reasonable estimates elsewhere. The underlying math â population divided by 2^bits â is the same used to describe browser fingerprint uniqueness generally.</dd></div></dl></section><footer class="border-t border-border"><div class="px-6 lg:px-16 max-w-wide mx-auto py-12 space-y-8"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-6"><a class="flex items-center focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-signal" aria-label="Proof You Are Human â Home" href="/"><span class="inline-flex items-center gap-2 leading-none whitespace-nowrap"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="h-[1.15em] w-[1.15em] shrink-0" src="/assets/fingerprint-50.png"><span class="font-display font-semibold tracking-tight text-base sm:text-lg">Proof You Are <span class="text-signal">Human</span></span></span></a><ul class="font-mono text-xs uppercase tracking-[0.14em] leading-none flex gap-6 text-muted-foreground"><li><a class="transition-interactive hover:text-foreground" href="/human-presence-signals">Reference</a></li><li><a class="transition-interactive hover:text-foreground" href="/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a class="transition-interactive hover:text-foreground" href="/terms">Terms</a></li></ul></div><div class="border border-border bg-card p-4"><p class="text-sm text-muted-foreground leading-[1.65] max-w-xl">
27Disclosure: this site stores and sells none of the behavioral data captured here. See the <a class="underline decoration-border underline-offset-4 transition-interactive hover:text-foreground" href="/privacy">Privacy Policy</a> and <a class="underline decoration-border underline-offset-4 transition-interactive hover:text-foreground" href="/terms">Terms</a>.</p></div></div></footer><button type="button" class="group fixed bottom-3 right-3 z-30 flex h-12 w-12 items-center justify-center border border-border bg-card/95 text-foreground shadow-sm backdrop-blur transition-interactive hover:border-signal focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-signal" aria-label="Open session trace" title="Session trace"><span class="pointer-events-none absolute bottom-1/2 right-full mr-3 translate-y-1/2 whitespace-nowrap border border-border bg-card px-2 py-1 font-mono text-[0.625rem] uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-foreground opacity-0 shadow-sm transition-interactive group-hover:opacity-100 group-focus-visible:opacity-100">Session trace</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-activity" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M22 12h-2.48a2 2 0 0 0-1.93 1.46l-2.35 8.36a.25.25 0 0 1-.48 0L9.24 2.18a.25.25 0 0 0-.48 0l-2.35 8.36A2 2 0 0 1 4.49 12H2"></path></svg></button><div class="fixed bottom-3 left-3 z-30 flex max-w-[min(20rem,calc(100vw-1.5rem))] items-start gap-2 border border-border bg-card/95 p-3 font-mono text-[0.6875rem] leading-snug text-muted-foreground shadow-sm backdrop-blur"><p>That faint trail is your own cursor â the same passive tracking every site can do, just visible for once.</p><button type="button" class="-m-1 flex h-8 w-8 flex-none items-center justify-center text-muted-foreground transition-interactive hover:text-foreground focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-signal" aria-label="Dismiss cursor trail notice"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-x" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M18 6 6 18"></path><path d="m6 6 12 12"></path></svg></button></div></div><div class="fixed top-0 z-[100] flex max-h-screen w-full flex-col-reverse p-4 sm:bottom-0 sm:right-0 sm:top-auto sm:flex-col md:max-w-[420px]"><div class="fixed top-0 z-[100] flex max-h-screen w-full flex-col-reverse p-4 sm:bottom-0 sm:right-0 sm:top-auto sm:flex-col md:max-w-[420px]"></div></div></div> 28 29 30</body></html>
Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.