PageSourceSearch

https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/

html globalanticorruptionblog.com collected 2026-09-24 09:01:50 UTC 240,220 bytes, 2,508 lines download raw bytes

1<!DOCTYPE html>
2<!--[if IE 6]>
3<html id="ie6" lang="en">
4<![endif]-->
5<!--[if IE 7]>
6<html id="ie7" lang="en">
7<![endif]-->
8<!--[if IE 8]>
9<html id="ie8" lang="en">
10<![endif]-->
11<!--[if !(IE 6) & !(IE 7) & !(IE 8)]><!-->
12<html lang="en">
13<!--<![endif]-->
14<head>
15<meta charset="UTF-8" />
16<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
17<title>
18GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog | Law, Social Science, and Policy	</title>
19<link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" />
20<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="https://s2.wp.com/wp-content/themes/pub/twentyeleven/style.css?m=1741693348i&amp;ver=20190507" />
21<link rel="pingback" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/xmlrpc.php">
22<!--[if lt IE 9]>
23<script src="https://s2.wp.com/wp-content/themes/pub/twentyeleven/js/html5.js?m=1394055389i&amp;ver=3.7.0" type="text/javascript"></script>
23
24<![endif]-->
25<meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' />
26
27<!-- Async WordPress.com Remote Login -->
28<script id="wpcom_remote_login_js">
29var wpcom_remote_login_extra_auth = '';
30function wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( element_id ) {
31	var dom_node = document.getElementById( element_id );
32	if ( dom_node ) { dom_node.parentNode.removeChild( dom_node ); }
33}
34function wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_classes( class_name ) {
35	var dom_nodes = document.querySelectorAll( '.' + class_name );
36	for ( var i = 0; i < dom_nodes.length; i++ ) {
37		dom_nodes[ i ].parentNode.removeChild( dom_nodes[ i ] );
38	}
39}
40function wpcom_remote_login_final_cleanup() {
41	wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_classes( "wpcom_remote_login_msg" );
42	wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( "wpcom_remote_login_key" );
43	wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( "wpcom_remote_login_validate" );
44	wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( "wpcom_remote_login_js" );
45	wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( "wpcom_request_access_iframe" );
46	wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( "wpcom_request_access_styles" );
47}
48
49// Watch for messages back from the remote login
50window.addEventListener( "message", function( e ) {
51	if ( e.origin === "https://r-login.wordpress.com" ) {
52		var data = {};
53		try {
54			data = JSON.parse( e.data );
55		} catch( e ) {
56			wpcom_remote_login_final_cleanup();
57			return;
58		}
59
60		if ( data.msg === 'LOGIN' ) {
61			// Clean up the login check iframe
62			wpcom_remote_login_remove_dom_node_id( "wpcom_remote_login_key" );
63
64			var id_regex = new RegExp( /^[0-9]+$/ );
65			var token_regex = new RegExp( /^.*|.*|.*$/ );
66			if (
67				token_regex.test( data.token )
68				&& id_regex.test( data.wpcomid )
69			) {
70				// We have everything we need to ask for a login
71				var script = document.createElement( "script" );
72				script.setAttribute( "id", "wpcom_remote_login_validate" );
73				script.src = '/remote-login.php?wpcom_remote_login=validate'
74					+ '&wpcomid=' + data.wpcomid
75					+ '&token=' + encodeURIComponent( data.token )
76					+ '&host=' + window.location.protocol
77					+ '//' + window.location.hostname
78					+ '&postid=32075'
79					+ '&is_singular=';
80				document.body.appendChild( script );
81			}
82
83			return;
84		}
85
86		// Safari ITP, not logged in, so redirect
87		if ( data.msg === 'LOGIN-REDIRECT' ) {
88			window.location = 'https://wordpress.com/log-in?redirect_to=' + window.location.href;
89			return;
90		}
91
92		// Safari ITP, storage access failed, remove the request
93		if ( data.msg === 'LOGIN-REMOVE' ) {
94			var css_zap = 'html { -webkit-transition: margin-top 1s; transition: margin-top 1s; } /* 9001 */ html { margin-top: 0 !important; } * html body { margin-top: 0 !important; } @media screen and ( max-width: 782px ) { html { margin-top: 0 !important; } * html body { margin-top: 0 !important; } }';
95			var style_zap = document.createElement( 'style' );
96			style_zap.type = 'text/css';
97			style_zap.appendChild( document.createTextNode( css_zap ) );
98			document.body.appendChild( style_zap );
99
100			var e = document.getElementById( 'wpcom_request_access_iframe' );
101			e.parentNode.removeChild( e );
102
103			document.cookie = 'wordpress_com_login_access=denied; path=/; max-age=31536000';
104
105			return;
106		}
107
108		// Safari ITP
109		if ( data.msg === 'REQUEST_ACCESS' ) {
110			console.log( 'request access: safari' );
111
112			// Check ITP iframe enable/disable knob
113			if ( wpcom_remote_login_extra_auth !== 'safari_itp_iframe' ) {
114				return;
115			}
116
117			// If we are in a "private window" there is no ITP.
118			var private_window = false;
119			try {
120				var opendb = window.openDatabase( null, null, null, null );
121			} catch( e ) {
122				private_window = true;
123			}
124
125			if ( private_window ) {
126				console.log( 'private window' );
127				return;
128			}
129
130			var iframe = document.createElement( 'iframe' );
131			iframe.id = 'wpcom_request_access_iframe';
132			iframe.setAttribute( 'scrolling', 'no' );
133			iframe.setAttribute( 'sandbox', 'allow-storage-access-by-user-activation allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation' );
134			iframe.src = 'https://r-login.wordpress.com/remote-login.php?wpcom_remote_login=request_access&origin=' + encodeURIComponent( data.origin ) + '&wpcomid=' + encodeURIComponent( data.wpcomid );
135
136			var css = 'html { -webkit-transition: margin-top 1s; transition: margin-top 1s; } /* 9001 */ html { margin-top: 46px !important; } * html body { margin-top: 46px !important; } @media screen and ( max-width: 660px ) { html { margin-top: 71px !important; } * html body { margin-top: 71px !important; } #wpcom_request_access_iframe { display: block; height: 71px !important; } } #wpcom_request_access_iframe { border: 0px; height: 46px; position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; min-width: 100%; z-index: 99999; background: #23282d; } ';
137
138			var style = document.createElement( 'style' );
139			style.type = 'text/css';
140			style.id = 'wpcom_request_access_styles';
141			style.appendChild( document.createTextNode( css ) );
142			document.body.appendChild( style );
143
144			document.body.appendChild( iframe );
145		}
146
147		if ( data.msg === 'DONE' ) {
148			wpcom_remote_login_final_cleanup();
149		}
150	}
151}, false );
152
153// Inject the remote login iframe after the page has had a chance to load
154// more critical resources
155window.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", function( e ) {
156	var iframe = document.createElement( "iframe" );
157	iframe.style.display = "none";
158	iframe.setAttribute( "scrolling", "no" );
159	iframe.setAttribute( "id", "wpcom_remote_login_key" );
160	iframe.src = "https://r-login.wordpress.com/remote-login.php"
161		+ "?wpcom_remote_login=key"
162		+ "&origin=aHR0cHM6Ly9nbG9iYWxhbnRpY29ycnVwdGlvbmJsb2cuY29t"
163		+ "&wpcomid=62470674"
164		+ "&time=" + Math.floor( Date.now() / 1000 );
165	document.body.appendChild( iframe );
166}, false );
167</script>
167
168<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s2.wp.com' />
169<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s1.wp.com' />
170<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s0.wp.com' />
171<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog &raquo; Feed" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/feed/" />
172<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/comments/feed/" />
173	
173<script type="text/javascript">
174		/* <![CDATA[ */
175		function addLoadEvent(func) {
176			var oldonload = window.onload;
177			if (typeof window.onload != 'function') {
178				window.onload = func;
179			} else {
180				window.onload = function () {
181					oldonload();
182					func();
183				}
184			}
185		}
186		/* ]]> */
187	</script>
187
188	<style id="wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css">
189img:is([sizes=auto i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px}
190/*# sourceURL=wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css */
191</style>
192<link crossorigin='anonymous' rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-2-1' href='/_static/??-eJxtzE0KgCAQQOELZWMQuYrOEmYxNY7SKNHt+8Ndyw8eD46obODkOIHPKlJekAUINyewuhRHu6lXtRWp4D8v4WeQzODDlOl+IM/ImJwSuwei4vPZDb5vjDGt7lqt1wtuuTNf&cssminify=yes' type='text/css' media='all' />
193<style id="wp-emoji-styles-inline-css">
194
195	img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
196		display: inline !important;
197		border: none !important;
198		box-shadow: none !important;
199		height: 1em !important;
200		width: 1em !important;
201		margin: 0 0.07em !important;
202		vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
203		background: none !important;
204		padding: 0 !important;
205	}
206/*# sourceURL=wp-emoji-styles-inline-css */
207</style>
208<style id="wp-block-library-inline-css">
209:root{--wp-block-synced-color:#7a00df;--wp-block-synced-color--rgb:122,0,223;--wp-bound-block-color:var(--wp-block-synced-color);--wp-editor-canvas-background:#ddd;--wp-admin-theme-color:#007cba;--wp-admin-theme-color--rgb:0,124,186;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10:#006ba1;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10--rgb:0,107,160.5;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20:#005a87;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20--rgb:0,90,135;--wp-admin-border-width-focus:2px}@media (min-resolution:192dpi){:root{--wp-admin-border-width-focus:1.5px}}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3)}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe)}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec)}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671)}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59)}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf)}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc)}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;
209--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal)}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge)}:root .has-text-align-center{text-align:center}:root .has-text-align-left{text-align:left}:root .has-text-align-right{text-align:right}.has-fit-text{white-space:nowrap!important}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.aligncenter{clear:both}.items-justified-left{justify-content:flex-start}.items-justified-center{justify-content:center}.items-justified-right{justify-content:flex-end}.items-justified-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.screen-reader-text{word-wrap:normal!important;border:0;clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-break:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-color],[style*=";border-color"],[style*="; border-color"]){border-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-top-color],[style*=";border-top-color"],[style*="; border-top-color"]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-right-color],[style*=";border-right-color"],[style*="; border-right-color"]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-bottom-color],[style*=";border-bottom-color"],[style*="; border-bottom-color"]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-left-color],[style*=";border-left-color"],[style*="; border-left-color"]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-width],[style*=";border-width"],[style*="; border-width"]){border-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-top-width],[style*=";border-top-width"],[style*="; border-top-width"]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-right-width],[style*=";border-right-width"],[style*="; border-right-width"]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-bottom-width],[style*=";border-bottom-width"],[style*="; border-bottom-width"]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style^=border-left-width],[style*=";border-left-width"],[style*="; border-left-width"]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}
210
211/*# sourceURL=/wp-content/plugins/gutenberg-core/v24.0.0/build/styles/block-library/common.min.css */
212</style>
213<style id="wp-block-quote-inline-css">
214.wp-block-quote{box-sizing:border-box;overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)),.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)){margin-bottom:1em;padding:0 1em}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) p{font-size:1.5em;font-style:italic;line-height:1.6}.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) cite,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large:where(:not(.is-style-plain)) footer{font-size:1.125em;text-align:right}.wp-block-quote>cite{display:block}
215/*# sourceURL=/wp-content/plugins/gutenberg-core/v24.0.0/build/styles/block-library/quote/style.min.css */
216</style>
217<style id="wp-block-quote-theme-inline-css">
218.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-right){border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-center){border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote:where(.is-style-plain){border:none}
219/*# sourceURL=/wp-content/plugins/gutenberg-core/v24.0.0/build/styles/block-library/quote/theme.min.css */
220</style>
221<style id="wp-block-list-inline-css">
222ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}:root :where(.wp-block-list.has-background){padding:var(--wp--style--block-background-padding,1.25em 2.375em)}
223/*# sourceURL=/wp-content/plugins/gutenberg-core/v24.0.0/build/styles/block-library/list/style.min.css */
224</style>
225<style id="wp-block-paragraph-inline-css">
226.is-small-text{font-size:.875em}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;line-height:.68;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase}body.rtl .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:none;margin-left:.1em}p.has-drop-cap.has-background{overflow:hidden}:root :where(p.has-background){padding:var(--wp--style--block-background-padding,1.25em 2.375em)}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}p.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode:vertical-lr"],p.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode:vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg}
227/*# sourceURL=/wp-content/plugins/gutenberg-core/v24.0.0/build/styles/block-library/paragraph/style.min.css */
228</style>
229<style id="wp-block-library-inline-css-extra">
230.has-text-align-justify {
231	text-align:justify;
232}
233.has-text-align-justify{text-align:justify;}
234/*# sourceURL=wp-block-library-inline-css */
235</style>
236
237<style id="classic-theme-styles-inline-css">
238.wp-block-button__link{background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;color:#fff;font-size:1.125em;
238padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration:none}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff}.wp-block-accordion-heading{margin:0}.wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle{background-color:inherit!important;color:inherit!important}.wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle:not(:focus-visible){outline:none}.wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle:focus,.wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle:hover{background-color:inherit!important;border:none;box-shadow:none;color:inherit;padding:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20,1em) 0;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle:focus-visible{outline:auto;outline-offset:0}.wp-block-tab:not(.has-text-color){color:inherit!important}.wp-block-tab:not(.has-background){background-color:inherit!important}.wp-block-tab:focus,.wp-block-tab:hover{text-decoration:none}.wp-block-tab:focus-visible{outline:auto;outline-offset:0}
239/*# sourceURL=/wp-content/plugins/gutenberg-core/v24.0.0/build/styles/block-library/classic.min.css */
240</style>
241
242<style id="coblocks-inline-format-inline-css">
243.uppercase{text-transform:uppercase}
244/*# sourceURL=coblocks-inline-format-inline-css */
245</style>
246<link crossorigin='anonymous' rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-12-1' href='/_static/??-eJx9jEEOAiEQBD/kQECjeDC+ZWEnijIwYWA3/l72op689KFTVXplCCU3zE1z6reYRYfiUwlP0VYZpwxIJE4IFRd10HOU9iFA2iuhCiI7/ROiDt9WxfETT20jCOc4YUIa2D9t5eGA91xRBMZS7ATtPkTZvCtdzNEZt7f2fHq8Afl7R7w=&cssminify=yes' type='text/css' media='all' />
247<style id="global-styles-inline-css">
248:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--blue: #1982d1;--wp--preset--color--dark-gray: #373737;--wp--preset--color--medium-gray: #666;--wp--preset--color--light-gray: #e2e2e2;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(6,147,227) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(252,185,0) 0%,rgb(255,105,0) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,105,0) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);
248--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-family--albert-sans: 'Albert Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--alegreya: Alegreya, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--arvo: Arvo, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--bodoni-moda: 'Bodoni Moda', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--bricolage-grotesque: 'Bricolage Grotesque', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--cabin: Cabin, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--chivo: Chivo, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--commissioner: Commissioner, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--cormorant: Cormorant, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--courier-prime: 'Courier Prime', monospace;--wp--preset--font-family--crimson-pro: 'Crimson Pro', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--dm-mono: 'DM Mono', monospace;--wp--preset--font-family--dm-sans: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--dm-serif-display: 'DM Serif Display', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--domine: Domine, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--eb-garamond: 'EB Garamond', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--epilogue: Epilogue, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fahkwang: Fahkwang, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--figtree: Figtree, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fira-sans: 'Fira Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fjalla-one: 'Fjalla One', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fraunces: Fraunces, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--gabarito: Gabarito, system-ui;--wp--preset--font-family--ibm-plex-mono: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;--wp--preset--font-family--ibm-plex-sans: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--ibarra-real-nova: 'Ibarra Real Nova', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--instrument-serif: 'Instrument Serif', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--inter: Inter, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--josefin-sans: 'Josefin Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--jost: Jost, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--libre-baskerville: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--libre-franklin: 'Libre Franklin', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--literata: Literata, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--lora: Lora, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--merriweather: Merriweather, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--montserrat: Montserrat, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--newsreader: Newsreader, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--noto-sans-mono: 'Noto Sans Mono', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--nunito: Nunito, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--open-sans: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--overpass: Overpass, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--pt-serif: 'PT Serif', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--petrona: Petrona, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--piazzolla: Piazzolla, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--playfair-display: 'Playfair Display', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--plus-jakarta-sans: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--poppins: Poppins, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--raleway: Raleway, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--roboto: Roboto, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--roboto-slab: 'Roboto Slab', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--rubik: Rubik, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--rufina: Rufina, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--sora: Sora, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--source-sans-3: 'Source Sans 3', sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--source-serif-4: 'Source Serif 4', serif;--wp--preset--font-family--space-mono: 'Space Mono', monospace;--wp--preset--font-family--syne: Syne, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--texturina: Texturina, serif;--wp--preset--font-family--urbanist: Urbanist, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--work-sans: 'Work Sans', sans-serif;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgb(255, 255, 255), 6px 6px rgb(0, 0, 0);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);}.wp-block-button{--wp--preset--dimension--25: 25%;--wp--preset--dimension--50: 50%;--wp--preset--dimension--75: 75%;--wp--preset--dimension--100: 100%;}:where(body) { margin: 0; }:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;font-style: inherit;font-weight: inherit;letter-spacing: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding-top: calc(0.667em + 2px);padding-right: calc(1.333em + 2px);padding-bottom: calc(0.667em + 2px);padding-left: calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;text-transform: inherit;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.has-dark-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray) !important;}.has-medium-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-gray) !important;}.has-light-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-gray) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.has-dark-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray) !important;}.has-medium-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-gray) !important;}.has-light-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-gray) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--blue) !important;}.has-dark-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray) !important;}.has-medium-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--medium-gray) !important;}.has-light-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-gray) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}
248.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}.has-albert-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--albert-sans) !important;}.has-alegreya-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--alegreya) !important;}.has-arvo-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--arvo) !important;}.has-bodoni-moda-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--bodoni-moda) !important;}.has-bricolage-grotesque-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--bricolage-grotesque) !important;}.has-cabin-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--cabin) !important;}.has-chivo-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--chivo) !important;}.has-commissioner-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--commissioner) !important;}.has-cormorant-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--cormorant) !important;}.has-courier-prime-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--courier-prime) !important;}.has-crimson-pro-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--crimson-pro) !important;}.has-dm-mono-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--dm-mono) !important;}.has-dm-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--dm-sans) !important;}.has-dm-serif-display-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--dm-serif-display) !important;}.has-domine-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--domine) !important;}.has-eb-garamond-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--eb-garamond) !important;}.has-epilogue-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--epilogue) !important;}.has-fahkwang-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fahkwang) !important;}.has-figtree-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--figtree) !important;}.has-fira-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fira-sans) !important;}.has-fjalla-one-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fjalla-one) !important;}.has-fraunces-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fraunces) !important;}.has-gabarito-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--gabarito) !important;}.has-ibm-plex-mono-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--ibm-plex-mono) !important;}.has-ibm-plex-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--ibm-plex-sans) !important;}.has-ibarra-real-nova-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--ibarra-real-nova) !important;}.has-instrument-serif-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--instrument-serif) !important;}.has-inter-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--inter) !important;}.has-josefin-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--josefin-sans) !important;}.has-jost-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--jost) !important;}.has-libre-baskerville-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--libre-baskerville) !important;}.has-libre-franklin-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--libre-franklin) !important;}.has-literata-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--literata) !important;}.has-lora-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--lora) !important;}.has-merriweather-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--merriweather) !important;}.has-montserrat-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--montserrat) !important;}.has-newsreader-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--newsreader) !important;}.has-noto-sans-mono-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--noto-sans-mono) !important;}.has-nunito-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--nunito) !important;}.has-open-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--open-sans) !important;}.has-overpass-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--overpass) !important;}.has-pt-serif-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--pt-serif) !important;}.has-petrona-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--petrona) !important;}.has-piazzolla-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--piazzolla) !important;}.has-playfair-display-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--playfair-display) !important;}.has-plus-jakarta-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--plus-jakarta-sans) !important;}.has-poppins-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--poppins) !important;}.has-raleway-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--raleway) !important;}.has-roboto-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--roboto) !important;}.has-roboto-slab-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--roboto-slab) !important;}.has-rubik-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--rubik) !important;}.has-rufina-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--rufina) !important;}.has-sora-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--sora) !important;}.has-source-sans-3-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--source-sans-3) !important;}.has-source-serif-4-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--source-serif-4) !important;}.has-space-mono-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--space-mono) !important;}.has-syne-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--syne) !important;}.has-texturina-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--texturina) !important;}.has-urbanist-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--urbanist) !important;}.has-work-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--work-sans) !important;}
249/*# sourceURL=global-styles-inline-css */
250</style>
251
252<link crossorigin='anonymous' rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-14-1' href='/_static/??-eJyNj+8KwjAMxF/IGvwzhx/EZ9lqVrulaVlSx97eCgoTYfgtv3B33MGUjI2syAp6x4ACKbegU3nMSPhAhpaiHWRrRTbwh1x0JjRTsjH8eEI2ibLzLDBiyXXldFBUC1wzOYymtGnUR/4C01HjxzVrj5oaO7wZJDOEeMtUJnjuPHtFI3aMRJ9ly1Wv5Gu47OrqsK/Pp2PVPwEJU3bA&cssminify=yes' type='text/css' media='all' />
253<style id="jetpack-global-styles-frontend-style-inline-css">
254:root { --font-headings: unset; --font-base: unset; --font-headings-default: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif; --font-base-default: -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,"Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;}
255/*# sourceURL=jetpack-global-styles-frontend-style-inline-css */
256</style>
257<link crossorigin='anonymous' rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-16-1' href='/_static/??-eJyNjcsKAjEMRX/ImhmUURfip0inLW3GNCmmQfx7H7gRN+7ugcs5cGsuCPfEHaq5RpaRFZbUmw+XD4MaQ5VolBS0+GuKPsb7eyLndVBdwd+iM3KA2ZAiqAT05Eiy6Bf8KHtJ9RkvW8gks6fX4VSP426/mQ7TMA7LA38FSqA=&cssminify=yes' type='text/css' media='all' />
258<script id="wpcom-actionbar-placeholder-js-extra">
259var actionbardata = {"siteID":"62470674","postID":"0","siteURL":"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com","xhrURL":"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"8d3428c4ce","isLoggedIn":"","statusMessage":"","subsEmailDefault":"instantly","proxyScriptUrl":"https://s0.wp.com/wp-content/js/wpcom-proxy-request.js?m=1513050504i&amp;ver=20211021","i18n":{"followedText":"New posts from this site will now appear in your \u003Ca href=\"https://wordpress.com/reader\"\u003EReader\u003C/a\u003E","foldBar":"Collapse this bar","unfoldBar":"Expand this bar","shortLinkCopied":"Copied to clipboard."}};
260//# sourceURL=wpcom-actionbar-placeholder-js-extra
261</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 261
261
262<script id="jetpack-mu-wpcom-settings-js-before">
263var JETPACK_MU_WPCOM_SETTINGS = {"assetsUrl":"https://s1.wp.com/wp-content/mu-plugins/jetpack-mu-wpcom-plugin/sun/jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-mu-wpcom/src/build/"};
264//# sourceURL=jetpack-mu-wpcom-settings-js-before
265</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 265
265
266<script crossorigin='anonymous' type='text/javascript'  src='/wp-content/js/rlt-proxy.js?m=1720530689i'></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 266
266
267<script id="rlt-proxy-js-after">
268	rltInitialize( {"token":null,"iframeOrigins":["https:\/\/widgets.wp.com"]} );
269//# sourceURL=rlt-proxy-js-after
270</script>
270
271<link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
272<meta name="generator" content="WordPress.com" />
273<link rel='shortlink' href='https://wp.me/4e7tw' />
274
275<!-- Jetpack Open Graph Tags -->
276<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
277<meta property="og:title" content="GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog" />
278<meta property="og:description" content="Law, Social Science, and Policy" />
279<meta property="og:url" content="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/" />
280<meta property="og:site_name" content="GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog" />
281<meta property="og:image" content="https://s0.wp.com/i/blank.jpg?m=1383295312i" />
282<meta property="og:image:width" content="200" />
283<meta property="og:image:height" content="200" />
284<meta property="og:image:alt" content="" />
285<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
286<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@AnticorruptBlog" />
287<meta name="twitter:site" content="@AnticorruptBlog" />
288
289<!-- End Jetpack Open Graph Tags -->
290<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://s1.wp.com/i/favicon.ico?m=1713425267i" sizes="16x16 24x24 32x32 48x48" />
291<link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://s1.wp.com/i/favicon.ico?m=1713425267i" sizes="16x16 24x24 32x32 48x48" />
292<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://s2.wp.com/i/webclip.png?m=1713868326i" />
293<link rel='openid.server' href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/?openidserver=1' />
294<link rel='openid.delegate' href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/' />
295<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/osd.xml" title="GAB &#124; The Global Anticorruption Blog" />
296<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://s1.wp.com/opensearch.xml" title="WordPress.com" />
297<meta name="theme-color" content="#789f9f" />
298<meta name="description" content="Law, Social Science, and Policy" />
299<style id="custom-background-css">
300body.custom-background { background-color: #789f9f; }
301</style>
302<style type="text/css" id="custom-colors-css">#access {
303	background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient( rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(0,0,0,0.08) );
304	background-image: -moz-linear-gradient( rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(0,0,0,0.08) );
305	background-image: linear-gradient( rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(0,0,0,0.08) );
306	box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 1px 2px;
307}
308#branding .only-search #s { border-color: #000;}
309#branding .only-search #s { border-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.2 );}
310#site-generator { border-color: #000;}
311#site-generator { border-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.1 );}
312#branding .only-search #s { background-color: #fff;}
313#branding .only-search #s { background-color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 0.4 );}
314#branding .only-search #s:focus { background-color: #fff;}
315#branding .only-search #s:focus { background-color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 0.9 );}
316#access a { color: #EEEEEE;}
317#access li:hover > a, #access a:focus { color: #000000;}
318#branding .only-search #s { color: #000000;}
319body { background-color: #789f9f;}
320#site-generator { background-color: #789f9f;}
321#site-generator { background-color: rgba( 120, 159, 159, 0.1 );}
322#branding { border-color: #5F8686;}
323#access { background-color: #295656;}
324#access li:hover > a, #access a:focus { background: #598181;}
325.entry-title, .entry-title a, .singular .entry-title { color: #050000;}
326.entry-title a:hover, .entry-title a:focus { color: #000000;}
327a, #site-title a:focus, #site-title a:hover, #site-title a:active, .entry-title a:active, .widget_twentyeleven_ephemera .comments-link a:hover, section.recent-posts .other-recent-posts a[rel="bookmark"]:hover, section.recent-posts .other-recent-posts .comments-link a:hover, .format-image footer.entry-meta a:hover, #site-generator a:hover { color: #066662;}
328section.recent-posts .other-recent-posts .comments-link a:hover { border-color: #066662;}
329article.feature-image.small .entry-summary p a:hover, .entry-header .comments-link a:hover, .entry-header .comments-link a:focus, .entry-header .comments-link a:active, .feature-slider a.active { background-color: #066662;}
330</style>
331			<link rel="stylesheet" id="custom-css-css" type="text/css" href="https://s1.wp.com/?custom-css=1&#038;csblog=4e7tw&#038;cscache=6&#038;csrev=39" />
332			<style id="jetpack-subscriptions-inline-css">
333#subscribe-email input {
334	width: 95%;
335}
336
337.comment-subscription-form {
338	margin-bottom: 1em;
339}
340
341.comment-subscription-form .subscribe-label {
342	display: inline !important;
343}
344
345/*
346Text meant only for screen readers.
347Provides support for themes that do not bundle this CSS yet.
348@see https://make.wordpress.org/accessibility/2015/02/09/hiding-text-for-screen-readers-with-wordpress-core/
349***********************************/
350.screen-reader-text {
351	border: 0;
352	clip-path: inset(50%);
353	height: 1px;
354	margin: -1px;
355	overflow: hidden;
356	padding: 0;
357	position: absolute !important;
358	width: 1px;
359	overflow-wrap: normal !important;
360}
361
362/*# sourceURL=/wp-content/mu-plugins/jetpack-plugin/sun/_inc/build/subscriptions/subscriptions.min.css */
363</style>
364<link crossorigin='anonymous' rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-2-5' href='/_static/??-eJydzNEKwjAMheEXsmYTdbsZPorULIxuaVqahrG3F0F3KeLlfzh8sGaHSSpJhWgus01BFGaq2ePyblATuAdBeHDCRUHXkKkcUfUAPwMxjcakgL4kU+L98xn+9GpgGt3kmals3+rl3+LQdv3l1J6b/jo/AVGyX1w=&cssminify=yes' type='text/css' media='all' />
365
366</head>
367
368<body class="home blog custom-background wp-embed-responsive wp-theme-pubtwentyeleven customizer-styles-applied two-column right-sidebar jetpack-reblog-enabled custom-colors">
369<div class="skip-link"><a class="assistive-text" href="#content">Skip to primary content</a></div><div class="skip-link"><a class="assistive-text" href="#secondary">Skip to secondary content</a></div><div id="page" class="hfeed">
370	<header id="branding">
371			<hgroup>
372				<h1 id="site-title"><span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/" rel="home">GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog</a></span></h1>
373				<h2 id="site-description">Law, Social Science, and Policy</h2>
374			</hgroup>
375
376			
377									<form method="get" id="searchform" action="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/">
378		<label for="s" class="assistive-text">Search</label>
379		<input type="text" class="field" name="s" id="s" placeholder="Search" />
380		<input type="submit" class="submit" name="submit" id="searchsubmit" value="Search" />
381	</form>
382			
383			<nav id="access">
384				<h3 class="assistive-text">Main menu</h3>
385				<div class="menu-menu-1-container"><ul id="menu-menu-1" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-80" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-80"><a href="https://anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com/">Home</a></li>
386<li id="menu-item-81" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-81"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/about/">About</a></li>
387<li id="menu-item-83" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-83"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/contact/">Contact</a></li>
388<li id="menu-item-84" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-84"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/resources/">Resources</a></li>
389<li id="menu-item-82" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-82"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/blogs/">Blogs</a></li>
390</ul></div>			</nav><!-- #access -->
391	</header><!-- #branding -->
392
393
394	<div id="main">
395
396		<div id="primary">
397			<div id="content" role="main">
398
399			
400							<nav id="nav-above">
401				<h3 class="assistive-text">Post navigation</h3>
402				<div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/page/2/" ><span class="meta-nav">&larr;</span> Older posts</a></div>
403				<div class="nav-next"></div>
404			</nav><!-- #nav-above -->
405			
406				
407					
408	<article id="post-32075" class="post-32075 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-commentary category-uncategorized tag-donald-trump tag-united-states">
409		<header class="entry-header">
410						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/" rel="bookmark">
410Republican Senator Seeks Investigation into Whether Donald Trump Jr. is Profiting Off Ties to His&nbsp;Father</a></h1>
411			
412						<div class="entry-meta">
413				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/" title="6:44 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-09-22T18:44:32-04:00">September 22, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
414			
415						<div class="comments-link">
416				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/#comments">2</a>			</div>
417					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
418
419				<div class="entry-content">
420			
421<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://www.curtis.senate.gov/">Senator John Curtis</a>, a Republican from Utah, wrote the Senate Judiciary Committee September 21 asking it to investigate whether <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_Jr.#:~:text=Donald%20John%20Trump%20Jr.%20(born,his%20first%20wife%2C%20Ivana%20Trump.">Donald Trump Jr.</a>, eldest child of President Donald Trump, has used his relationship with his father “for private financial benefit.”</p>
422
423
424
425<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In the letter (<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/letter-asking-for-investigation.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>), he writes that</p>
426
427
428
429<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
430<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For years, serious questions have been raised about members of presidential families using their names and proximity to the President to advance private business interests.</p>
431</blockquote>
432
433
434
435<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In a nod to fairness and bipartisanship, he asks the Committee to investigate Hunter Biden as well, but the bulk of his letter recounts the ways Don Jr. has used the family name to enrich himself. From the payment of a lavish wedding afterparty by a Russian oligarch, to his promotion of family-backed cryptocurrency ventures, the pursuit of international real estate deals, several reported investments in defense contracting.</p>
436
437
438
439<p class="wp-block-paragraph">“These reports raise legitimate questions about foreign access to members of a sitting president&#8217;s family and whether such relationships can create actual or perceived expectations of favorable treatment,&#8221; he writes.  He then asks the Committee to &#8220;establish the facts, determine whether existing ethics, disclosure, or anti-corruption laws apply, and identify reforms necessary to prevent the presidency from becoming a vehicle for private enrichment by those closest to it.”</p>
440
441
442
443<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The letter is remarkable for two reasons. It puts the question of Presidential relatives trading on their link to the single most powerful individual in the modern world on the agenda at a time when it is likely to engage the public (and hence lawmakers), and it was written by a Republican. It’s unlikely the Committee will act before November, but, particularly if the Republicans suffer a major defeat in November, an investigation will surely be at the top of agenda in 2027. </p>
444
445
446
447<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
448<div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
449				data-shared="sharing-twitter-32075"
450				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
451				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/?share=twitter"
452				target="_blank"
453				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-32075"
454				>
455				<span id="sharing-twitter-32075" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
456				<span>X</span>
457			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
458				data-shared="sharing-facebook-32075"
459				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
460				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/?share=facebook"
461				target="_blank"
462				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-32075"
463				>
464				<span id="sharing-facebook-32075" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
465				<span>Facebook</span>
466			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
467				data-shared="sharing-email-32075"
468				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
469				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Republican%20Senator%20Seeks%20Investigation%20into%20Whether%20Donald%20Trump%20Jr.%20is%20Profiting%20Off%20Ties%20to%20His%20Father&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F09%2F22%2Frepublican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father%2F&#038;share=email"
470				target="_blank"
471				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-32075"
472				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="c80d11575f" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/?share=email">
473				<span id="sharing-email-32075" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
474				<span>Email</span>
475			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
476				data-shared="sharing-print-32075"
477				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
478				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/?share=print"
479				target="_blank"
480				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-32075"
481				>
482				<span id="sharing-print-32075" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
483				<span>Print</span>
484			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
485				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-32075"
486				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
487				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
488				target="_blank"
489				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-32075"
490				>
491				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-32075" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
492				<span>WhatsApp</span>
493			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
494				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-32075"
495				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
496				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/?share=pinterest"
497				target="_blank"
498				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-32075"
499				>
500				<span id="sharing-pinterest-32075" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
501				<span>Pinterest</span>
502			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
503				data-shared="sharing-reddit-32075"
504				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
505				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/?share=reddit"
506				target="_blank"
507				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-32075"
508				>
509				<span id="sharing-reddit-32075" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
510				<span>Reddit</span>
511			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
512				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-32075"
513				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
514				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/?share=tumblr"
515				target="_blank"
516				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-32075"
517				>
518				<span id="sharing-tumblr-32075" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
519				<span>Tumblr</span>
520			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-32075-6ab4c96831ea3' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=32075&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-32075-6ab4c96831ea3&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-32075-6ab4c96831ea3' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
521		
522		<footer class="entry-meta">
523			
524									<span class="cat-links">
525					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/commentary/" rel="category tag">Commentary</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/uncategorized/" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a>			</span>
526							
527									<span class="sep"> | </span>
528								<span class="tag-links">
529					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/donald-trump/" rel="tag">Donald Trump</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/united-states/" rel="tag">United States</a>			</span>
530							
531									<span class="sep"> | </span>
532						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/#comments"><b>2</b> Replies</a></span>
533			
534					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
535	</article><!-- #post-32075 -->
536
537				
538					
539	<article id="post-32014" class="post-32014 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-commentary tag-asset-declaration tag-imf tag-ukraine">
540		<header class="entry-header">
541						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/" rel="bookmark">IMF Report on Ukraine Asset Declaration System: Wasting enormous resources on low value tasks, spending little on those that&nbsp;matter</a></h1>
542			
543						<div class="entry-meta">
544				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/" title="12:36 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-09-12T12:36:57-04:00">September 12, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
545			
546						<div class="comments-link">
547				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Reply</span></a>			</div>
548					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
549
550				<div class="entry-content">
551			
552<p class="wp-block-paragraph">No, that is not what the new <a href="https://www.imf.org/en/publications/high-level-summary-technical-assistance-reports/issues/2026/09/09/ukraine-enhancing-the-asset-declaration-system-for-public-officials-579031" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IMF report on Ukrainian’s asset declaration system</a> says. International organizations are never that blunt.&nbsp;</p>
553
554
555
556<p class="wp-block-paragraph">
556But reading the careful, thorough assessment of Ukraine’s most important anticorruption program it is clear that is what the authors were thinking given what they found. And what they did say comes awfully close:</p>
557
558
559
560<ul class="wp-block-list">
561<li>“The effectiveness of Ukraine’s [Asset Declaration System] is undermined by an overly expansive and highly formalistic framework that overburdens the [National Agency on Corruption Prevention], weakens prioritization, and limits the system’s capacity to support meaningful detection and recovery of illicit assets.”</li>
562
563
564
565<li>“[Its] expansive scope, which is unmatched by other European nations, strains the NACP by forcing it to manage one of the world’s largest database of public officials’ assets with highly limited resources.”</li>
566
567
568
569<li>“The conversion of NACP findings into final judicial sanctions remains limited. In 2025, the NACP transmitted 369 reasoned conclusions to law enforcement for criminal prosecution. These resulted in 12 guilty verdicts, a marked improvement from zero verdicts in 2021, but a conversion rate that remains low relative to the volume of referrals and reflects the broader systemic delays in the judicial pipeline for high-level corruption cases.”</li>
570</ul>
571
572
573
574<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong><em>More lifestyle audits</em></strong></p>
575
576
577
578<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Comparing what officials declare they own to their house they live in, the car they drive, the vacations they take, and other properties they own and expenses they incur is the most effective way to spot if they are corrupt <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/04/27/government-leaders-should-watch-who-watches-them-wearing-their-pricey-watches/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">(here</a>). The NACP has a unit dedicated to conducting such audits, but as the IMF report found, not only does the Lifestyle Management (LSM) group have a small staff, but the audits do not focus on priority areas such as&nbsp;</p>
579
580
581
582<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
583<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>“. . . </em><strong><em>war-related procurement and expenditure, where the convergence of significant public resources and reduced oversight creates acute corruption vulnerabilities.” </em></strong>&nbsp;</p>
584</blockquote>
585
586
587
588<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The recommendation to audit the lifestyle of those involved in procuring military supplies and equipment comes at a critical time. Confidential reviews by the State Audit Service and an internal Ministry of Defense auditing department show war profiteering has reached unconscionable levels. Front-line troops are being supplied with worthless ammunition while military contractors are reaping huge profits <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/04/27/government-leaders-should-watch-who-watches-them-wearing-their-pricey-watches/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">(here</a>).</p>
589
590
591
592<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Lifestyle audits are the surest, fastest way to weed out those officials corrupting the military procurement process. NACP staff now conducting routine checks of the accuracy of low-level officials’ declarations should be reassigned to the LSM unit and ordered to scrutinize the lifestyle of every single individual involved in military procurement.</p>
593
594
595
596<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Ukraine’s supporters in the international community have long recognized that an asset declaration program is crucial to curbing corruption and made its establishment a condition of continued financial assistance. The IMF report provides a roadmap for making the program effective. The international community should insist the government follow that map with haste.</p>
597
598
599
600<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
601<div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
602				data-shared="sharing-twitter-32014"
603				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
604				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/?share=twitter"
605				target="_blank"
606				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-32014"
607				>
608				<span id="sharing-twitter-32014" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
609				<span>X</span>
610			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
611				data-shared="sharing-facebook-32014"
612				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
613				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/?share=facebook"
614				target="_blank"
615				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-32014"
616				>
617				<span id="sharing-facebook-32014" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
618				<span>Facebook</span>
619			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
620				data-shared="sharing-email-32014"
621				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
622				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20IMF%20Report%20on%20Ukraine%20Asset%20Declaration%20System%3A%20Wasting%20enormous%20resources%20on%20low%20value%20tasks%2C%20spending%20little%20on%20those%20that%20matter&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F09%2F12%2Fimf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter%2F&#038;share=email"
623				target="_blank"
624				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-32014"
625				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="f81b4a362c" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/?share=email">
626				<span id="sharing-email-32014" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
627				<span>Email</span>
628			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
629				data-shared="sharing-print-32014"
630				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
631				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/?share=print"
632				target="_blank"
633				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-32014"
634				>
635				<span id="sharing-print-32014" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
636				<span>Print</span>
637			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
638				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-32014"
639				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
640				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
641				target="_blank"
642				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-32014"
643				>
644				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-32014" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
645				<span>WhatsApp</span>
646			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
647				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-32014"
648				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
649				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/?share=pinterest"
650				target="_blank"
651				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-32014"
652				>
653				<span id="sharing-pinterest-32014" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
654				<span>Pinterest</span>
655			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
656				data-shared="sharing-reddit-32014"
657				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
658				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/?share=reddit"
659				target="_blank"
660				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-32014"
661				>
662				<span id="sharing-reddit-32014" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
663				<span>Reddit</span>
664			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
665				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-32014"
666				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
667				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/?share=tumblr"
668				target="_blank"
669				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-32014"
670				>
671				<span id="sharing-tumblr-32014" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
672				<span>Tumblr</span>
673			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-32014-6ab4c96833d06' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=32014&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-32014-6ab4c96833d06&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-32014-6ab4c96833d06' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
674		
675		<footer class="entry-meta">
676			
677									<span class="cat-links">
678					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/commentary/" rel="category tag">Commentary</a>			</span>
679							
680									<span class="sep"> | </span>
681								<span class="tag-links">
682					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/asset-declaration/" rel="tag">asset declaration</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/imf/" rel="tag">IMF</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/ukraine/" rel="tag">Ukraine</a>			</span>
683							
684									<span class="sep"> | </span>
685						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Leave a reply</span></a></span>
686			
687					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
688	</article><!-- #post-32014 -->
689
690				
691					
692	<article id="post-32000" class="post-32000 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-guest-commentary tag-global-magnitsky-act tag-magnitsky-act tag-money-laundering tag-sanctions">
693		<header class="entry-header">
694						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/" rel="bookmark">Corruption Sanctions: What Do Governments Need to&nbsp;Know?</a></h1>
695			
696						<div class="entry-meta">
697				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/" title="3:00 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-09-08T15:00:11-04:00">September 8, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
698			
699						<div class="comments-link">
700				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Reply</span></a>			</div>
701					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
702
703				<div class="entry-content">
704			
705<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>GAB welcomes back Guest Blogger Anton Moiseienko, Associate Professor of Law at the Australian National University.  Professor Moiseienko specializes in financial crime and economic sanctions, with particular expertise in global anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing (AML/CTF) regulation. He is the author of the 2025 volume <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/doing-business-with-criminals/9850D7EA4BD701A1100C9054998EC94C" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Doing Business with Criminals</a> considered an indispensable guide to the global AML/CTF system.</em></p>
706
707
708
709<p class="wp-block-paragraph">How to harness the promise of corruption sanctions while minimizing their unintended consequences is the issue at the heart of a recent report I wrote for the Basel Institute on Governance, a leading Swiss anti-corruption research center, entitled “<a href="https://baselgovernance.org/resources/publications/wp-62/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Corruption Sanctions: What Governments Need to Know</a>.” In this post, I will offer brief reflections based on its analysis.</p>
710
711
712
713<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>The Evolution of Corruption Sanctions</strong></p>
714
715
716
717<p class="wp-block-paragraph">It is useful to start by canvassing the history of corruption sanctions. Targeted sanctions are financial and travel restrictions imposed by governments against individuals or companies outside any judicial process. They emerged in the 1990s as a prominent response to various forms of alleged wrongdoing, including terrorist financing, nuclear proliferation and drug trafficking.</p>
718
719
720
721<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Prior to that, sanctions tended to take the form of comprehensive economic measures against entire countries, such as travel embargoes. By contrast, targeted sanctions enable governments to surgically focus on individuals and companies deemed to be involved in a particular form of malfeasance. Some targeted sanctions programs target affiliates of a rogue government – say Russia, North Korea or Iran – whereas others are “thematic” and therefore address a certain type of wrongdoing regardless of where it takes place in the world.</p>
722
723
724
725<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Corruption sanctions are a form of thematic sanctions. Their evolution began in the U.S. in the early 2000s. In 2004, President George W. Bush signed into law Proclamation 7750 that authorized confidential visa sanctions against corrupt foreign officials and their family members. From 2008 onwards, this sanctions program has been augmented by the sanctions provisions under section 7031(c) of the annual Consolidated Appropriations Acts, which provide for public visa bans. Finally, Congress adopted the Magnitsky Act in 2012 and the Global Magnitsky Act in 2016. Both grant the President the authority to impose financial and travel sanctions against those suspected of corruption and human rights abuse.</p>
726
727
728
729<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Other jurisdictions soon followed suit, including Canada, the UK, and Australia – but, curiously enough, not the EU. The EU legislated to introduce a human rights sanctions regime, but it stopped short of enacting a corruption sanctions program, despite the <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/ov/speech_22_5493">pledge</a> to do so by the European Commission’s president Ursula von der Leyen. While one might be tempted to criticize the EU’s reticence, the real question is: why should governments consider introducing corruption sanctions, and how can they use them effectively?</p>
730
731
732
733 <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/#more-32000" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a>
733<div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
734				data-shared="sharing-twitter-32000"
735				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
736				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/?share=twitter"
737				target="_blank"
738				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-32000"
739				>
740				<span id="sharing-twitter-32000" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
741				<span>X</span>
742			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
743				data-shared="sharing-facebook-32000"
744				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
745				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/?share=facebook"
746				target="_blank"
747				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-32000"
748				>
749				<span id="sharing-facebook-32000" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
750				<span>Facebook</span>
751			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
752				data-shared="sharing-email-32000"
753				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
754				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Corruption%20Sanctions%3A%20What%20Do%20Governments%20Need%20to%20Know%3F&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F09%2F08%2Fcorruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know%2F&#038;share=email"
755				target="_blank"
756				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-32000"
757				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="3cc8ee45e1" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/?share=email">
758				<span id="sharing-email-32000" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
759				<span>Email</span>
760			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
761				data-shared="sharing-print-32000"
762				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
763				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/?share=print"
764				target="_blank"
765				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-32000"
766				>
767				<span id="sharing-print-32000" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
768				<span>Print</span>
769			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
770				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-32000"
771				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
772				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
773				target="_blank"
774				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-32000"
775				>
776				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-32000" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
777				<span>WhatsApp</span>
778			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
779				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-32000"
780				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
781				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/?share=pinterest"
782				target="_blank"
783				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-32000"
784				>
785				<span id="sharing-pinterest-32000" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
786				<span>Pinterest</span>
787			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
788				data-shared="sharing-reddit-32000"
789				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
790				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/?share=reddit"
791				target="_blank"
792				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-32000"
793				>
794				<span id="sharing-reddit-32000" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
795				<span>Reddit</span>
796			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
797				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-32000"
798				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
799				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/?share=tumblr"
800				target="_blank"
801				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-32000"
802				>
803				<span id="sharing-tumblr-32000" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
804				<span>Tumblr</span>
805			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-32000-6ab4c9683569d' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=32000&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-32000-6ab4c9683569d&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-32000-6ab4c9683569d' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
806		
807		<footer class="entry-meta">
808			
809									<span class="cat-links">
810					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/guest-commentary/" rel="category tag">Guest Commentary</a>			</span>
811							
812									<span class="sep"> | </span>
813								<span class="tag-links">
814					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/global-magnitsky-act/" rel="tag">Global Magnitsky Act</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/magnitsky-act/" rel="tag">Magnitsky Act</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/money-laundering/" rel="tag">money laundering</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/sanctions/" rel="tag">sanctions</a>			</span>
815							
816									<span class="sep"> | </span>
817						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Leave a reply</span></a></span>
818			
819					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
820	</article><!-- #post-32000 -->
821
822				
823					
824	<article id="post-31978" class="post-31978 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-commentary tag-definition tag-measurement">
825		<header class="entry-header">
826						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/" rel="bookmark">Measure Corrupt Conduct &#8212; Not&nbsp;Corruption</a></h1>
827			
828						<div class="entry-meta">
829				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/" title="7:03 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-09-02T19:03:26-04:00">September 2, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
830			
831						<div class="comments-link">
832				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Reply</span></a>			</div>
833					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
834
835				<div class="entry-content">
836			
837<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The new <em><a href="https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/usd/handbook-of-research-methods-for-corruption-studies-9781035337705.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Handbook of Research Methods for Corruption Studies</a></em>, edited by corruption guru extraordinaire Michael Johnston, offers a wealth of learning about how to fight corruption. None more important than Alina Mungiu-Pippidi’s chapter analyzing the fundamental question in the fight: how do we know if we are winning?</p>
838
839
840
841<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Decades after corruption control rose to the top of the global agenda, assaying how well the fight is going ought to be straightforward. That&#8217;s not so as the continuing debate about the validity of TI’s Corruption Perceptions Index, the World Bank’s Control of Corruption measure, and the many other measurement tools on offer shows.</p>
842
843
844
845<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The problem, as Professor Johnston acknowledges in the Handbook’s introduction, is foundational.</p>
846
847
848
849<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
850<p class="wp-block-paragraph">“After 40 years of debate about corruption, we are still uncertain about what we are talking about. . . cannot measure it directly. [and don’t know if] a single [corruption] score about a whole country really tells us much.”</p>
851</blockquote>
852
853
854
855<p class="wp-block-paragraph">
855What Professor Mungiu-Pippidi shows in her chapter is that the foundational problem is behind our inability to measure progress in fighting corruption. That efforts to gauge success have foundered on misguided attempts to propound a universal, all-encompassing definition of corruption which have produced nothing more than vague, imprecise measures riddled with practical and methodological errors. She explains why these should be scrapped and offers in their stead a series of direct, fact-based indicators for evaluating progress tied to a specific, bounded definition.</p>
856
857
858
859<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Professor Mungiu-Pippidi’s chapter deserves the closest attention by policymakers, evaluators, and citizens who want to know if an anticorruption law, policy, or strategy is making a difference. This post builds on and complements her work in two ways. </p>
860
861
862
863 <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/#more-31978" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a><div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
864				data-shared="sharing-twitter-31978"
865				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
866				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/?share=twitter"
867				target="_blank"
868				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-31978"
869				>
870				<span id="sharing-twitter-31978" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
871				<span>X</span>
872			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
873				data-shared="sharing-facebook-31978"
874				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
875				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/?share=facebook"
876				target="_blank"
877				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-31978"
878				>
879				<span id="sharing-facebook-31978" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
880				<span>Facebook</span>
881			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
882				data-shared="sharing-email-31978"
883				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
884				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Measure%20Corrupt%20Conduct%20--%20Not%20Corruption&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F09%2F02%2Fmeasure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption%2F&#038;share=email"
885				target="_blank"
886				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-31978"
887				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="5e82f3046c" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/?share=email">
888				<span id="sharing-email-31978" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
889				<span>Email</span>
890			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
891				data-shared="sharing-print-31978"
892				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
893				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/?share=print"
894				target="_blank"
895				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-31978"
896				>
897				<span id="sharing-print-31978" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
898				<span>Print</span>
899			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
900				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-31978"
901				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
902				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
903				target="_blank"
904				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-31978"
905				>
906				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-31978" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
907				<span>WhatsApp</span>
908			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
909				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-31978"
910				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
911				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/?share=pinterest"
912				target="_blank"
913				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-31978"
914				>
915				<span id="sharing-pinterest-31978" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
916				<span>Pinterest</span>
917			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
918				data-shared="sharing-reddit-31978"
919				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
920				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/?share=reddit"
921				target="_blank"
922				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-31978"
923				>
924				<span id="sharing-reddit-31978" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
925				<span>Reddit</span>
926			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
927				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-31978"
928				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
929				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/?share=tumblr"
930				target="_blank"
931				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-31978"
932				>
933				<span id="sharing-tumblr-31978" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
934				<span>Tumblr</span>
935			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-31978-6ab4c96836f29' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=31978&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-31978-6ab4c96836f29&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-31978-6ab4c96836f29' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
936		
937		<footer class="entry-meta">
938			
939									<span class="cat-links">
940					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/commentary/" rel="category tag">Commentary</a>			</span>
941							
942									<span class="sep"> | </span>
943								<span class="tag-links">
944					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/definition/" rel="tag">definition</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/measurement/" rel="tag">measurement</a>			</span>
945							
946									<span class="sep"> | </span>
947						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Leave a reply</span></a></span>
948			
949					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
950	</article><!-- #post-31978 -->
951
952				
953					
954	<article id="post-31904" class="post-31904 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-commentary tag-democracy tag-foreign-corrupt-practices-act tag-united-states">
955		<header class="entry-header">
956						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/" rel="bookmark">Is it Too Late to Corral America’s Wealthy? Casey Michel’s United States of&nbsp;Oligarchy</a></h1>
957			
958						<div class="entry-meta">
959				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/" title="6:49 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-08-11T18:49:12-04:00">August 11, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
960			
961						<div class="comments-link">
962				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Reply</span></a>			</div>
963					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
964
965				<div class="entry-content">
966			
967<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The discovery that Anthropic and OpenAI were able to freely roam cyberspace after escaping their sandbox triggered global alarm bells. If AI programs can break out of the electronic guardrails that prevent their running amok, there is no telling what havoc they might wreak.</p>
968
969
970
971<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Casey Michel, Director of the Combating Kleptocracy Program at the Human Rights Foundation, writes about escapees from a different sandbox in the <em><a href="https://www.amazon.com/United-States-Oligarchy-Wealthiest-Dictators-ebook/dp/B0FLYYWK22?ref_=ast_author_mpb" target="_blank" rel="noopener">United States of Oligarchy</a>.</em> The escapees: members of America’s billionaire class. The sandbox: the ethics codes, social norms, and laws that constrain the conduct of America’s wealthiest.</p>
972
973
974
975<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Michel recounts the harm Elon Musk, Peter Thiel, and fellow billionaires have already done while operating free of these constraints. He describes the far greater damage likely if those constraints are not soon reimposed and urges reforms to ensure the ultra-rich can never again break out.</p>
976
977
978
979<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Today’s billionaires are not the first to have slipped the sandbox’s guardrails. <em>United States of Oligarchy</em> reminds that the same techniques that fueled the rise of Carnegie, Rockefeller, Stanford and other nineteenth-century “robber barons” – bribes, shell companies, large campaign contributions – have helped today’s counterparts realize unimaginable levels of wealth. But there are profound, startling differences between the two. The first generation of robber barons never made common cause with autocratic regimes; their activities never compromised the nation’s security, and they never rejected the democratic ideal.</p>
980
981
982
983<p class="wp-block-paragraph">That’s the indictment Michel lodges against the current generation, plain by his subtitle: <em>How America’s Wealthiest Ally with Dictators, Weaken the U.S., and Destroy Democracy</em>.</p>
984
985
986
987 <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/#more-31904" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a>
987<div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
988				data-shared="sharing-twitter-31904"
989				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
990				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/?share=twitter"
991				target="_blank"
992				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-31904"
993				>
994				<span id="sharing-twitter-31904" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
995				<span>X</span>
996			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
997				data-shared="sharing-facebook-31904"
998				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
999				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/?share=facebook"
1000				target="_blank"
1001				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-31904"
1002				>
1003				<span id="sharing-facebook-31904" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
1004				<span>Facebook</span>
1005			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1006				data-shared="sharing-email-31904"
1007				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
1008				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Is%20it%20Too%20Late%20to%20Corral%20America%E2%80%99s%20Wealthy%3F%20Casey%20Michel%E2%80%99s%20United%20States%20of%20Oligarchy&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F08%2F11%2Fis-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy%2F&#038;share=email"
1009				target="_blank"
1010				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-31904"
1011				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="896c3483dd" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/?share=email">
1012				<span id="sharing-email-31904" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
1013				<span>Email</span>
1014			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1015				data-shared="sharing-print-31904"
1016				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
1017				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/?share=print"
1018				target="_blank"
1019				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-31904"
1020				>
1021				<span id="sharing-print-31904" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
1022				<span>Print</span>
1023			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1024				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-31904"
1025				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
1026				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
1027				target="_blank"
1028				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-31904"
1029				>
1030				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-31904" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
1031				<span>WhatsApp</span>
1032			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1033				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-31904"
1034				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
1035				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/?share=pinterest"
1036				target="_blank"
1037				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-31904"
1038				>
1039				<span id="sharing-pinterest-31904" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
1040				<span>Pinterest</span>
1041			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1042				data-shared="sharing-reddit-31904"
1043				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
1044				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/?share=reddit"
1045				target="_blank"
1046				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-31904"
1047				>
1048				<span id="sharing-reddit-31904" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
1049				<span>Reddit</span>
1050			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1051				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-31904"
1052				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
1053				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/?share=tumblr"
1054				target="_blank"
1055				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-31904"
1056				>
1057				<span id="sharing-tumblr-31904" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
1058				<span>Tumblr</span>
1059			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-31904-6ab4c96838878' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=31904&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-31904-6ab4c96838878&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-31904-6ab4c96838878' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
1060		
1061		<footer class="entry-meta">
1062			
1063									<span class="cat-links">
1064					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/commentary/" rel="category tag">Commentary</a>			</span>
1065							
1066									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1067								<span class="tag-links">
1068					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/democracy/" rel="tag">Democracy</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/foreign-corrupt-practices-act/" rel="tag">Foreign Corrupt Practices Act</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/united-states/" rel="tag">United States</a>			</span>
1069							
1070									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1071						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Leave a reply</span></a></span>
1072			
1073					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
1074	</article><!-- #post-31904 -->
1075
1076				
1077					
1078	<article id="post-31882" class="post-31882 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-guest-commentary tag-france tag-national-anticorruption-strategy tag-sherpa tag-ti-france-2">
1079		<header class="entry-header">
1080						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/" rel="bookmark">The French Anticorruption Strategy, Falling Short of&nbsp;Expectations</a></h1>
1081			
1082						<div class="entry-meta">
1083				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/" title="4:00 am" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-08-04T04:00:00-04:00">August 4, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
1084			
1085						<div class="comments-link">
1086				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Reply</span></a>			</div>
1087					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
1088
1089				<div class="entry-content">
1090			
1091<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>GAB welcomes this Guest Post by Sophie Lemaître, a French lawyer, anticorruption advocate, and creator of the first French-language podcast on corruption &amp; tax evasion. Her 2025 book,</em> <em><a href="https://www.ruedelechiquier.net/essais/523-reduire-au-silence.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Réduire au silence</a>, documenting efforts around the world to intimidate journalists and human rights defenders, was awarded the Renaud Van Ruymbeke Prize, which recognizes works dedicated to the fight against corruption.</em></p>
1092
1093
1094
1095<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In November last year, the French anti-corruption Agency (<em>Agence française anticorruption</em> – AFA) finally published France’s <a href="https://www.agence-francaise-anticorruption.gouv.fr/fr/document/national-multi-year-plan-fight-corruption-2025-2029" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Multi-Year National Plan to Fight Corruption for 2025-2029</a>. The French anti-corruption community had long waited for it: the country had not had any anti-corruption strategy since 2022.</p>
1096
1097
1098
1099<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The 2025-2029 national plan is the second of its kind. It is 52 pages long in French (48 pages in English) organized around 4 pillars:</p>
1100
1101
1102
1103<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
1104
1105
1106
1107<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" class="wp-block-list">
1108<li>Bolstering the fight against bribery and corruption in central government departments</li>
1109
1110
1111
1112<li>Helping local authorities to fight corruption</li>
1113
1114
1115
1116<li>Protecting economic stakeholders against corruption</li>
1117
1118
1119
1120<li>Combating corruption at international level</li>
1121</ol>
1122
1123
1124
1125<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Priorities I and IV are further divided by objectives, and all four list specific measures to be taken, a total of 36 that include targeting central government, government departments, local authorities, the private sector, and France’s international actions.</p>
1126
1127
1128
1129<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The strategy reflects some of the challenges France is facing. It puts strong emphasis on the links between corruption, organized crime, and drug trafficking, the latter the focus of the central government. The plan also includes measures that have been requested for years, the creation of an interministerial committee to prevent and fight corruption, the authorization for the National Commission for Control of Electoral Accounts and Political Finance (CNCCFP) to receive financial intelligence from Tracfin, the French Financial Intelligence Unit, and the appointment of an anticorruption coordinator reporting to the general secretary in each ministry.</p>
1130
1131
1132
1133<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The strategy sets a clear direction and, at first glance, appears fit for purpose. However, it suffers from several shortcomings. Transparency International France has even published an <a href="https://transparency-france.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Transparency-France_Plan-alternatif_19-mesures-pour-faire-reculer-durablement-la-corruption-en-France.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">alternative strategy</a> with 19 measures to rise to the challenge.</p>
1134
1135
1136
1137<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Five weaknesses I have identified:</p>
1138
1139
1140
1141 <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/#more-31882" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a>
1141<div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1142				data-shared="sharing-twitter-31882"
1143				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
1144				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/?share=twitter"
1145				target="_blank"
1146				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-31882"
1147				>
1148				<span id="sharing-twitter-31882" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
1149				<span>X</span>
1150			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1151				data-shared="sharing-facebook-31882"
1152				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
1153				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/?share=facebook"
1154				target="_blank"
1155				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-31882"
1156				>
1157				<span id="sharing-facebook-31882" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
1158				<span>Facebook</span>
1159			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1160				data-shared="sharing-email-31882"
1161				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
1162				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20The%20French%20Anticorruption%20Strategy%2C%20Falling%20Short%20of%20Expectations&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F08%2F04%2Fthe-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations%2F&#038;share=email"
1163				target="_blank"
1164				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-31882"
1165				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="6a03526f83" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/?share=email">
1166				<span id="sharing-email-31882" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
1167				<span>Email</span>
1168			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1169				data-shared="sharing-print-31882"
1170				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
1171				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/?share=print"
1172				target="_blank"
1173				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-31882"
1174				>
1175				<span id="sharing-print-31882" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
1176				<span>Print</span>
1177			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1178				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-31882"
1179				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
1180				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
1181				target="_blank"
1182				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-31882"
1183				>
1184				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-31882" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
1185				<span>WhatsApp</span>
1186			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1187				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-31882"
1188				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
1189				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/?share=pinterest"
1190				target="_blank"
1191				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-31882"
1192				>
1193				<span id="sharing-pinterest-31882" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
1194				<span>Pinterest</span>
1195			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1196				data-shared="sharing-reddit-31882"
1197				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
1198				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/?share=reddit"
1199				target="_blank"
1200				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-31882"
1201				>
1202				<span id="sharing-reddit-31882" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
1203				<span>Reddit</span>
1204			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1205				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-31882"
1206				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
1207				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/?share=tumblr"
1208				target="_blank"
1209				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-31882"
1210				>
1211				<span id="sharing-tumblr-31882" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
1212				<span>Tumblr</span>
1213			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-31882-6ab4c9683a436' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=31882&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-31882-6ab4c9683a436&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-31882-6ab4c9683a436' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
1214		
1215		<footer class="entry-meta">
1216			
1217									<span class="cat-links">
1218					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/guest-commentary/" rel="category tag">Guest Commentary</a>			</span>
1219							
1220									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1221								<span class="tag-links">
1222					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/france/" rel="tag">France</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/national-anticorruption-strategy/" rel="tag">national anticorruption strategy</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/sherpa/" rel="tag">Sherpa</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/ti-france-2/" rel="tag">TI France</a>			</span>
1223							
1224									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1225						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Leave a reply</span></a></span>
1226			
1227					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
1228	</article><!-- #post-31882 -->
1229
1230				
1231					
1232	<article id="post-31860" class="post-31860 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-guest-commentary tag-finance-industry tag-money-laundering tag-republic-of-korea">
1233		<header class="entry-header">
1234						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/" rel="bookmark">When the Victim Is a Gatekeeper: What Korea’s Cartoon-Money Embezzlement&nbsp;Exposed</a></h1>
1235			
1236						<div class="entry-meta">
1237				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/" title="4:00 am" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-07-27T04:00:00-04:00">July 27, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
1238			
1239						<div class="comments-link">
1240				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Reply</span></a>			</div>
1241					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
1242
1243				<div class="entry-content">
1244			
1245<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>GAB welcomes this Guest Post by Marta Liduma, a corporate lawyer specializing in cross-border payment processing agreements. She is presently an LLB candidate at the University of Groningen and is writing in her personal capacity.</em></p>
1246
1247
1248
1249<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This January, a branch manager at a <a href="https://en.sedaily.com/society/2026/06/25/saemaul-geumgo-branch-manager-embezzles-70-million-won" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Saemaul Geumgo</a> community credit cooperative in Gyeongju, South Korea, took about 70 million won (roughly US$50,000) from the branch vault. He covered the gap with play money: cartoon 50,000-won notes printed with ducks and bears, ordered online. The branch had two employees. He handled the vault himself, and he bet that nobody would open the bundles. A colleague eventually grew suspicious and reported him up the chain.</p>
1250
1251
1252
1253<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Photographs of the toy notes went around the world, and the coverage settled into the shape of an odd-news item: clumsy thief, silly props, tidy ending. The tidy ending deserves more scrutiny than the theft. For it shows a serious gap in the Republic of Korea’s anticorruption laws, one that other nations may share.</p>
1254
1255
1256
1257<p class="wp-block-paragraph">When the cooperative’s internal investigation confirmed what had happened, it dismissed the manager, recovered the money, and stopped there. The South Korean broadcaster <a href="https://news.sbs.c
1257o.kr/english/article.do?news_id=N1008626600" target="_blank" rel="noopener">SBS</a> reported that the institution did not refer the matter to investigative authorities, and what it told its own federation, if anything, is not public; the police became involved only because the manager turned himself in about two weeks later, and he has since received a summary indictment, meaning the prosecution asked the court to impose a fine on the papers rather than send him to trial. Asked about the case months afterward, a cooperative official said it was closed, the employee’s dismissal and full repayment having settled the matter.</p>
1258
1259
1260
1261<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For most theft victims, that position is unobjectionable. Korean law, like the law of most nations, imposes no general duty to report a crime one has suffered, and a shopkeeper who quietly takes restitution from a light-fingered employee wrongs no one. A deposit-taking institution is a different kind of victim, because it is also a gatekeeper: an entity the law charges with guarding a system that extends beyond its own interests. Its losses are never only its own. An insider theft affects the members who own the cooperative, the depositors who trust it, the supervisor whose picture of the sector depends on accurate incident data, and the deterrent effect that evaporates once staff learn that looting the vault can be settled for the price of returning the money. An institution that stays silent to protect its reputation is deciding a question of public interest in its own favor. Reporting duties exist to take that decision away from it, and the serious ones contain no restitution exception.</p>
1262
1263
1264
1265 <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/#more-31860" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a><div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1266				data-shared="sharing-twitter-31860"
1267				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
1268				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/?share=twitter"
1269				target="_blank"
1270				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-31860"
1271				>
1272				<span id="sharing-twitter-31860" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
1273				<span>X</span>
1274			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1275				data-shared="sharing-facebook-31860"
1276				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
1277				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/?share=facebook"
1278				target="_blank"
1279				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-31860"
1280				>
1281				<span id="sharing-facebook-31860" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
1282				<span>Facebook</span>
1283			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1284				data-shared="sharing-email-31860"
1285				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
1286				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20When%20the%20Victim%20Is%20a%20Gatekeeper%3A%20What%20Korea%E2%80%99s%20Cartoon-Money%20Embezzlement%20Exposed&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F07%2F27%2Fwhen-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed%2F&#038;share=email"
1287				target="_blank"
1288				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-31860"
1289				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="2b9bac1ce7" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/?share=email">
1290				<span id="sharing-email-31860" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
1291				<span>Email</span>
1292			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1293				data-shared="sharing-print-31860"
1294				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
1295				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/?share=print"
1296				target="_blank"
1297				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-31860"
1298				>
1299				<span id="sharing-print-31860" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
1300				<span>Print</span>
1301			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1302				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-31860"
1303				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
1304				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
1305				target="_blank"
1306				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-31860"
1307				>
1308				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-31860" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
1309				<span>WhatsApp</span>
1310			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1311				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-31860"
1312				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
1313				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/?share=pinterest"
1314				target="_blank"
1315				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-31860"
1316				>
1317				<span id="sharing-pinterest-31860" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
1318				<span>Pinterest</span>
1319			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1320				data-shared="sharing-reddit-31860"
1321				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
1322				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/?share=reddit"
1323				target="_blank"
1324				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-31860"
1325				>
1326				<span id="sharing-reddit-31860" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
1327				<span>Reddit</span>
1328			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1329				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-31860"
1330				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
1331				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/?share=tumblr"
1332				target="_blank"
1333				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-31860"
1334				>
1335				<span id="sharing-tumblr-31860" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
1336				<span>Tumblr</span>
1337			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-31860-6ab4c9683bf67' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=31860&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-31860-6ab4c9683bf67&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-31860-6ab4c9683bf67' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
1338		
1339		<footer class="entry-meta">
1340			
1341									<span class="cat-links">
1342					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/guest-commentary/" rel="category tag">Guest Commentary</a>			</span>
1343							
1344									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1345								<span class="tag-links">
1346					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/finance-industry/" rel="tag">finance industry</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/money-laundering/" rel="tag">money laundering</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/republic-of-korea/" rel="tag">Republic of Korea</a>			</span>
1347							
1348									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1349						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Leave a reply</span></a></span>
1350			
1351					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
1352	</article><!-- #post-31860 -->
1353
1354				
1355					
1356	<article id="post-31752" class="post-31752 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-commentary tag-boris-johnson tag-donald-trump tag-political-economy tag-united-kingdom">
1357		<header class="entry-header">
1358						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/" rel="bookmark">Review of Robert Barrington’s Corrupted&nbsp;Kingdom</a></h1>
1359			
1360						<div class="entry-meta">
1361				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/" title="7:03 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-06-30T19:03:19-04:00">June 30, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
1362			
1363						<div class="comments-link">
1364				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Reply</span></a>			</div>
1365					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
1366
1367				<div class="entry-content">
1368			
1369<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Corruption now threatens one of the oldest and most established democratic nations. In a 2024 poll, two-thirds of Britons said politics is becoming more corrupt (<a href="https://www.survation.com/two-thirds-of-people-think-politics-is-becoming-more-corrupt/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>), and in 2025 nearly 9 in 10 expressed concerns about potential corruption among politicians (<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-publics-concerns-perceptions-and-understanding-of-corruption/uk-publics-concerns-perceptions-and-understanding-of-corruption" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>). Over the past year 16% reported being asked for a bribe, and 11% were asked to facilitate money laundering (<a href="https://www.surrey.ac.uk/news/millions-people-uk-are-being-drawn-bribery-and-money-laundering-according-new-study" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>).</p>
1370
1371
1372
1373<p class="wp-block-paragraph">U.K. anticorruption fighters are taking heed. None more than Robert Barrington. In <em>Corrupted Kingdom, </em>
1373out July 16 (preorder <a href="https://profilebooks.com/work/corrupted-kingdom/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>), the former Transparency International U.K. head and Chair of T.I. International’s Council chronicles the ways corruption has begun to infect venerable U.K. institutions: from the Monarchy, where the now deflowered Prince Andrew’s flacked for a Kazakh oligarch in return for £ 3 million to Parliament, where MPs are secretly paid to question Ministers and seats in the House of Lords are on offer for hefty campaign contributions, to Scotland Yard, local governments, businesses small and large.</p>
1374
1375
1376
1377<p class="wp-block-paragraph">It is even seeping into the academy. Currently Professor of Anti-Corruption Practice at Sussex University’s Centre for the Study of Corruption, Barrington argues that the growing willingness of universities to accept dark money compromises their independence and their integrity.</p>
1378
1379
1380
1381<p class="wp-block-paragraph">British and non-British readers will both find much to recommend in the pages of <em>Corrupted Kingdom</em>.</p>
1382
1383
1384
1385<p class="wp-block-paragraph">British readers are likely to be most interested in the reforms Barrington advances, from beefing up “dull sounding” but important accountability institutions such as the Auditor General for Wales and the Northern Ireland Audit Office to teasing out whether the U.K. should create a formal, institutional structure, even an independent anticorruption agency, to replace the current arrangement, <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-anti-corruption-champion-and-nca-funding-as-campaign-against-corruption-steps-up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a patronage position in the PM’s office</a> whose occupant has no official status and whose advice is easily, and often, ignored.</p>
1386
1387
1388
1389<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Citizens of other liberal democracies will find (reassuringly or depressingly) that theirs is not the only country where abuses stemming from large donations to political parties orchestrated by lobbyists is a front-page problem. Americans may take some solace from learning that Boris Johnson’s short-lived reign as PM approached Trumpian-levels of corruption.</p>
1390
1391
1392
1393 <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/#more-31752" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a><div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1394				data-shared="sharing-twitter-31752"
1395				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
1396				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/?share=twitter"
1397				target="_blank"
1398				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-31752"
1399				>
1400				<span id="sharing-twitter-31752" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
1401				<span>X</span>
1402			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1403				data-shared="sharing-facebook-31752"
1404				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
1405				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/?share=facebook"
1406				target="_blank"
1407				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-31752"
1408				>
1409				<span id="sharing-facebook-31752" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
1410				<span>Facebook</span>
1411			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1412				data-shared="sharing-email-31752"
1413				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
1414				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Review%20of%20Robert%20Barrington%E2%80%99s%20Corrupted%20Kingdom&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F06%2F30%2Freview-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom%2F&#038;share=email"
1415				target="_blank"
1416				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-31752"
1417				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="d675d03300" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/?share=email">
1418				<span id="sharing-email-31752" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
1419				<span>Email</span>
1420			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1421				data-shared="sharing-print-31752"
1422				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
1423				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/?share=print"
1424				target="_blank"
1425				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-31752"
1426				>
1427				<span id="sharing-print-31752" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
1428				<span>Print</span>
1429			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1430				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-31752"
1431				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
1432				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
1433				target="_blank"
1434				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-31752"
1435				>
1436				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-31752" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
1437				<span>WhatsApp</span>
1438			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1439				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-31752"
1440				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
1441				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/?share=pinterest"
1442				target="_blank"
1443				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-31752"
1444				>
1445				<span id="sharing-pinterest-31752" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
1446				<span>Pinterest</span>
1447			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1448				data-shared="sharing-reddit-31752"
1449				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
1450				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/?share=reddit"
1451				target="_blank"
1452				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-31752"
1453				>
1454				<span id="sharing-reddit-31752" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
1455				<span>Reddit</span>
1456			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1457				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-31752"
1458				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
1459				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/?share=tumblr"
1460				target="_blank"
1461				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-31752"
1462				>
1463				<span id="sharing-tumblr-31752" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
1464				<span>Tumblr</span>
1465			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-31752-6ab4c9683db42' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=31752&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-31752-6ab4c9683db42&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-31752-6ab4c9683db42' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
1466		
1467		<footer class="entry-meta">
1468			
1469									<span class="cat-links">
1470					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/commentary/" rel="category tag">Commentary</a>			</span>
1471							
1472									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1473								<span class="tag-links">
1474					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/boris-johnson/" rel="tag">Boris Johnson</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/donald-trump/" rel="tag">Donald Trump</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/political-economy/" rel="tag">Political Economy</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/united-kingdom/" rel="tag">United Kingdom</a>			</span>
1475							
1476									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1477						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Leave a reply</span></a></span>
1478			
1479					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
1480	</article><!-- #post-31752 -->
1481
1482				
1483					
1484	<article id="post-31737" class="post-31737 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-announcement tag-measurement">
1485		<header class="entry-header">
1486						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/" rel="bookmark">July 2 Webinar: MEASURING CORRUPTION TO TRIGGER ACTION AND TRACK&nbsp;PROGRESS</a></h1>
1487			
1488						<div class="entry-meta">
1489				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/" title="11:00 am" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-06-26T11:00:14-04:00">June 26, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
1490			
1491						<div class="comments-link">
1492				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Reply</span></a>			</div>
1493					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
1494
1495				<div class="entry-content">
1496			
1497<p class="wp-block-paragraph">UNODC and three member states (United Kingdom, Dominican Republic and Madagascar) will highlight the UNODC Statistical framework to measure corruption as a practical tool for countries to develop national information systems able to detect the presence, measure the magnitude and monitor trends involving different forms of corruption.</p>
1498
1499
1500
1501<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Details and registration link <a href="https://events.teams.microsoft.com/event/d99f794a-9492-46ec-919e-c271a10faae3@0f9e35db-544f-4f60-bdcc-5ea416e6dc70" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here.</a></p>
1502
1503
1504
1505<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
1506<div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1507				data-shared="sharing-twitter-31737"
1508				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
1509				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/?share=twitter"
1510				target="_blank"
1511				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-31737"
1512				>
1513				<span id="sharing-twitter-31737" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
1514				<span>X</span>
1515			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1516				data-shared="sharing-facebook-31737"
1517				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
1518				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/?share=facebook"
1519				target="_blank"
1520				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-31737"
1521				>
1522				<span id="sharing-facebook-31737" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
1523				<span>Facebook</span>
1524			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1525				data-shared="sharing-email-31737"
1526				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
1527				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20July%202%20Webinar%3A%20MEASURING%20CORRUPTION%20TO%20TRIGGER%20ACTION%20AND%20TRACK%20PROGRESS&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F06%2F26%2Fjuly-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress%2F&#038;share=email"
1528				target="_blank"
1529				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-31737"
1530				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="e6599500f4" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/?share=email">
1531				<span id="sharing-email-31737" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
1532				<span>Email</span>
1533			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1534				data-shared="sharing-print-31737"
1535				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
1536				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/?share=print"
1537				target="_blank"
1538				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-31737"
1539				>
1540				<span id="sharing-print-31737" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
1541				<span>Print</span>
1542			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1543				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-31737"
1544				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
1545				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
1546				target="_blank"
1547				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-31737"
1548				>
1549				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-31737" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
1550				<span>WhatsApp</span>
1551			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1552				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-31737"
1553				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
1554				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/?share=pinterest"
1555				target="_blank"
1556				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-31737"
1557				>
1558				<span id="sharing-pinterest-31737" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
1559				<span>Pinterest</span>
1560			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1561				data-shared="sharing-reddit-31737"
1562				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
1563				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/?share=reddit"
1564				target="_blank"
1565				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-31737"
1566				>
1567				<span id="sharing-reddit-31737" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
1568				<span>Reddit</span>
1569			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1570				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-31737"
1571				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
1572				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/?share=tumblr"
1573				target="_blank"
1574				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-31737"
1575				>
1576				<span id="sharing-tumblr-31737" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
1577				<span>Tumblr</span>
1578			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-31737-6ab4c9683f242' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=31737&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-31737-6ab4c9683f242&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-31737-6ab4c9683f242' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
1579		
1580		<footer class="entry-meta">
1581			
1582									<span class="cat-links">
1583					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/announcement/" rel="category tag">Announcement</a>			</span>
1584							
1585									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1586								<span class="tag-links">
1587					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/measurement/" rel="tag">measurement</a>			</span>
1588							
1589									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1590						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">Leave a reply</span></a></span>
1591			
1592					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
1593	</article><!-- #post-31737 -->
1594
1595				
1596					
1597	<article id="post-31710" class="post-31710 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-guest-commentary tag-fraud tag-georgia tag-state-capture">
1598		<header class="entry-header">
1599						<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/" rel="bookmark">Call centers, cash, and power: Georgia’s hidden political economy &#8212;&nbsp;Revised</a></h1>
1600			
1601						<div class="entry-meta">
1602				<span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/" title="10:37 am" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-06-16T10:37:13-04:00">June 16, 2026</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/author/rickmessick/" title="View all posts by Richard Messick" rel="author">Richard Messick</a></span></span>			</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
1603			
1604						<div class="comments-link">
1605				<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/#comments">2</a>			</div>
1606					</header><!-- .entry-header -->
1607
1608				<div class="entry-content">
1609			
1610<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Yesterday&#8217;s post incorrectly identified a source of information on the Georgia call center scam and its relationship with current members of the government. It also failed to note it was authored <em>by Giorgi Meladze, Associate Professor, Ilia State University School of Law, Visiting Scholar at Freie Universität Berlin.</em></p>
1611
1612
1613
1614<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Georgia’s recent corruption scandals are often described as an internal purge within Georgian Dream. That may be partly true. Former Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili has been sentenced to five years in prison after pleading guilty to large-scale money laundering, following investigations in which officials said they <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/georgian-ex-pm-garibashvili-serve-five-year-sentence-after-guilty-plea-2026-01-12/?utm_source=chatgpt.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">seized</a> more than USD 7 million in cash and valuables from properties linked to former officials. Former State Security Service chief Grigol Liluashvili has also been arrested on bribery charges, including allegations linked to the protection of <a href="https://civil.ge/archives/715625" target="_blank" rel="noopener">scam call centers</a>. These cases are real legal developments. But treating them only as corruption prosecutions may miss the larger political story.</p>
1615
1616
1617
1618<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In an interview, <a href="https://gsac.ge/en/our-people/giorgi-targamadze/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Givi Targamadze</a>, former MP who chaired the&nbsp;Defense and Security Committee Chairman, offers a different reading. He explains that these arrests and reshuffles should not be seen as a genuine anti-corruption campaign but as symptoms of a deeper struggle over control of illicit finance, security institutions, and political loyalty. According to him, the current turbulence inside Georgian Dream reflects an attempt to reorganize the relationship between state power, criminal networks, and cash-generating schemes, especially Georgia’s now notorious scam call-center industry.</p>
1619
1620
1621
1622 <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/#more-31710" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a>
1622<div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1623				data-shared="sharing-twitter-31710"
1624				class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon"
1625				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/?share=twitter"
1626				target="_blank"
1627				aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-31710"
1628				>
1629				<span id="sharing-twitter-31710" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span>
1630				<span>X</span>
1631			</a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1632				data-shared="sharing-facebook-31710"
1633				class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon"
1634				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/?share=facebook"
1635				target="_blank"
1636				aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-31710"
1637				>
1638				<span id="sharing-facebook-31710" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span>
1639				<span>Facebook</span>
1640			</a></li><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1641				data-shared="sharing-email-31710"
1642				class="share-email sd-button share-icon"
1643				href="mailto:?subject=%5BShared%20Post%5D%20Call%20centers%2C%20cash%2C%20and%20power%3A%20Georgia%E2%80%99s%20hidden%20political%C2%A0economy%20%20--%20Revised&#038;body=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F06%2F16%2Fcall-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised%2F&#038;share=email"
1644				target="_blank"
1645				aria-labelledby="sharing-email-31710"
1646				data-email-share-error-title="Do you have email set up?" data-email-share-error-text="If you&#039;re having problems sharing via email, you might not have email set up for your browser. You may need to create a new email yourself." data-email-share-nonce="49d87d06de" data-email-share-track-url="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/?share=email">
1647				<span id="sharing-email-31710" hidden>Email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)</span>
1648				<span>Email</span>
1649			</a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1650				data-shared="sharing-print-31710"
1651				class="share-print sd-button share-icon"
1652				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/?share=print"
1653				target="_blank"
1654				aria-labelledby="sharing-print-31710"
1655				>
1656				<span id="sharing-print-31710" hidden>Print (Opens in new window)</span>
1657				<span>Print</span>
1658			</a></li><li class="share-jetpack-whatsapp"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1659				data-shared="sharing-whatsapp-31710"
1660				class="share-jetpack-whatsapp sd-button share-icon"
1661				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/?share=jetpack-whatsapp"
1662				target="_blank"
1663				aria-labelledby="sharing-whatsapp-31710"
1664				>
1665				<span id="sharing-whatsapp-31710" hidden>Share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)</span>
1666				<span>WhatsApp</span>
1667			</a></li><li><a href="#" class="sharing-anchor sd-button share-more"><span>More</span></a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul><div class="sharing-hidden"><div class="inner" style="display: none;"><ul><li class="share-pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1668				data-shared="sharing-pinterest-31710"
1669				class="share-pinterest sd-button share-icon"
1670				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/?share=pinterest"
1671				target="_blank"
1672				aria-labelledby="sharing-pinterest-31710"
1673				>
1674				<span id="sharing-pinterest-31710" hidden>Share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)</span>
1675				<span>Pinterest</span>
1676			</a></li><li class="share-reddit"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1677				data-shared="sharing-reddit-31710"
1678				class="share-reddit sd-button share-icon"
1679				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/?share=reddit"
1680				target="_blank"
1681				aria-labelledby="sharing-reddit-31710"
1682				>
1683				<span id="sharing-reddit-31710" hidden>Share on Reddit (Opens in new window)</span>
1684				<span>Reddit</span>
1685			</a></li><li class="share-tumblr"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"
1686				data-shared="sharing-tumblr-31710"
1687				class="share-tumblr sd-button share-icon"
1688				href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/?share=tumblr"
1689				target="_blank"
1690				aria-labelledby="sharing-tumblr-31710"
1691				>
1692				<span id="sharing-tumblr-31710" hidden>Share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)</span>
1693				<span>Tumblr</span>
1694			</a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class='sharedaddy sd-block sd-like jetpack-likes-widget-wrapper jetpack-likes-widget-unloaded' id='like-post-wrapper-62470674-31710-6ab4c96840970' data-src='//widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20260924#blog_id=62470674&amp;post_id=31710&amp;origin=anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com&amp;obj_id=62470674-31710-6ab4c96840970&amp;domain=globalanticorruptionblog.com' data-name='like-post-frame-62470674-31710-6ab4c96840970' data-title='Like or Reblog'><div class='likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder' style='height: 55px;'><span class='button'><span>Like</span></span> <span class='loading'>Loading...</span></div><span class='sd-text-color'></span><a class='sd-link-color'></a></div></div>					</div><!-- .entry-content -->
1695		
1696		<footer class="entry-meta">
1697			
1698									<span class="cat-links">
1699					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/category/guest-commentary/" rel="category tag">Guest Commentary</a>			</span>
1700							
1701									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1702								<span class="tag-links">
1703					<span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/fraud/" rel="tag">fraud</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/georgia/" rel="tag">Georgia</a>, <a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/tag/state-capture/" rel="tag">state capture</a>			</span>
1704							
1705									<span class="sep"> | </span>
1706						<span class="comments-link"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/#comments"><b>2</b> Replies</a></span>
1707			
1708					</footer><!-- .entry-meta -->
1709	</article><!-- #post-31710 -->
1710
1711				
1712							<nav id="nav-below">
1713				<h3 class="assistive-text">Post navigation</h3>
1714				<div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/page/2/" ><span class="meta-nav">&larr;</span> Older posts</a></div>
1715				<div class="nav-next"></div>
1716			</nav><!-- #nav-above -->
1717			
1718			
1719			</div><!-- #content -->
1720		</div><!-- #primary -->
1721
1722		<div id="secondary" class="widget-area" role="complementary">
1723					<aside id="blog_subscription-3" class="widget widget_blog_subscription jetpack_subscription_widget"><h3 class="widget-title"><label for="subscribe-field">Follow Blog via Email</label></h3>
1724
1725			<div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__container">
1726			<form
1727				action="https://subscribe.wordpress.com"
1728				method="post"
1729				accept-charset="utf-8"
1730				data-blog="62470674"
1731				data-post_access_level="everybody"
1732				id="subscribe-blog"
1733			>
1734				<p>Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.</p>
1735				<p id="subscribe-email">
1736					<label
1737						id="subscribe-field-label"
1738						for="subscribe-field"
1739						class="screen-reader-text"
1740					>
1741						Email Address:					</label>
1742
1743					<input
1744							type="email"
1745							name="email"
1746							autocomplete="email"
1747							
1748							style="width: 95%; padding: 1px 10px"
1749							placeholder="Email Address"
1750							value=""
1751							id="subscribe-field"
1752							required
1753						/>				</p>
1754
1755				<p id="subscribe-submit"
1756									>
1757					<input type="hidden" name="action" value="subscribe"/>
1758					<input type="hidden" name="blog_id" value="62470674"/>
1759					<input type="hidden" name="source" value="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/"/>
1760					<input type="hidden" name="sub-type" value="widget"/>
1761					<input type="hidden" name="redirect_fragment" value="subscribe-blog"/>
1762					<input type="hidden" id="_wpnonce" name="_wpnonce" value="1b8b208905" />					<button type="submit"
1763													class="wp-block-button__link"
1764																	>
1765						Follow					</button>
1766				</p>
1767			</form>
1768							<div class="wp-block-jetpack-subscriptions__subscount">
1769					Join 2,812 other subscribers				</div>
1770						</div>
1771			
1772</aside><aside id="follow_button_widget-2" class="widget widget_follow_button_widget">
1773		<a class="wordpress-follow-button" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com" data-blog="62470674" data-lang="en" >Follow GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog on WordPress.com</a>
1774		
1774<script type="text/javascript">(function(d){ window.wpcomPlatform = {"titles":{"timelines":"Embeddable Timelines","followButton":"Follow Button","wpEmbeds":"WordPress Embeds"}}; var f = d.getElementsByTagName('SCRIPT')[0], p = d.createElement('SCRIPT');p.type = 'text/javascript';p.async = true;p.src = '//widgets.wp.com/platform.js';f.parentNode.insertBefore(p,f);}(document));</script>
1774
1775
1776		</aside><aside id="nav_menu-4" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h3 class="widget-title">Editor in Chief</h3><div class="menu-editor-in-chief-container"><ul id="menu-editor-in-chief" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-261" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-261"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/matthew-c-stephenson-bio/">Matthew C. Stephenson</a></li>
1777</ul></div></aside><aside id="nav_menu-2" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h3 class="widget-title">Executive Editor</h3><div class="menu-executive-editor-container"><ul id="menu-executive-editor" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-177" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-177"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/richard-e-messick-bio/">Richard E. Messick</a></li>
1778</ul></div></aside><aside id="nav_menu-3" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h3 class="widget-title">Contributors</h3><div class="menu-contributors-container"><ul id="menu-contributors" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-23735" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23735"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/chinaza-asiegbu/">Chinaza Asiegbu</a></li>
1779<li id="menu-item-23734" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23734"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/hussain-awan/">Hussain Awan</a></li>
1780<li id="menu-item-23732" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23732"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jinge-cao/">Jinge Cao</a></li>
1781<li id="menu-item-26764" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26764"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/joe-caplis/">Joe Caplis</a></li>
1782<li id="menu-item-26259" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26259"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/alex-casey/">Alex Casey</a></li>
1783<li id="menu-item-26258" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26258"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/regina-de-nigris/">Regina De Nigris</a></li>
1784<li id="menu-item-26257" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26257"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/monica-dey/">Monica Dey</a></li>
1785<li id="menu-item-26256" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26256"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/fiona-doyle/">Fiona Doyle</a></li>
1786<li id="menu-item-24830" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-24830"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/sunny-drescher/">Sunny Drescher</a></li>
1787<li id="menu-item-26255" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26255"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/fabrice-guyot-sionnest/">Fabrice Guyot-Sionnest</a></li>
1788<li id="menu-item-24829" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-24829"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jack-haynie/">Jack Haynie</a></li>
1789<li id="menu-item-26254" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26254"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/kevin-liao/">Kevin Liao</a></li>
1790<li id="menu-item-24828" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-24828"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jacob-libby/">Jacob Libby</a></li>
1791<li id="menu-item-24834" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-24834"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ivan-pusic/">Ivan Pusic</a></li>
1792<li id="menu-item-26253" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26253"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/hashwinder-singh/">Hashwinder Singh</a></li>
1793<li id="menu-item-26252" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26252"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/soo-jin-so/">Soo Jin So</a></li>
1794<li id="menu-item-26251" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26251"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/derrick-want/">Derrick Wang</a></li>
1795</ul></div></aside><aside id="nav_menu-5" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h3 class="widget-title">Past Contributors</h3><div class="menu-alumni-container"><ul id="menu-alumni" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-23690" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23690"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ferial-aboushoka/">Ferial Aboushoka</a></li>
1796<li id="menu-item-26220" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26220"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/victoria-abut/">Victoria Abut</a></li>
1797<li id="menu-item-16542" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16542"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/victor-aguiar-de-carvalho/">Victor Aguiar de Carvalho</a></li>
1798<li id="menu-item-4171" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4171"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/oluwafunmilayo-akinosi/">Oluwafunmilayo Akinosi</a></li>
1799<li id="menu-item-26221" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26221"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/cosmo-albrecht/">Cosmo Albrecht</a></li>
1800<li id="menu-item-11975" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11975"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ryan-balisacan/">Ryan Balisacan</a></li>
1801<li id="menu-item-2017" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2017"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/rajarshi-banerjee/">Rajarshi Banerjee</a></li>
1802<li id="menu-item-20648" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20648"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/daniel-banks/">Daniel Banks</a></li>
1803<li id="menu-item-9925" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9925"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/kaitlin-beach/">Kaitlin Beach</a></li>
1804<li id="menu-item-11976" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11976"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/carina-bentata-gryting/">Carina Bentata Gryting</a></li>
1805<li id="menu-item-26230" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26230"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/claire-beutter/">Claire Beutter</a></li>
1806<li id="menu-item-9924" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9924"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/daniel-binette/">Daniel Binette</a></li>
1807<li id="menu-item-2016" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2016"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/sam-birnbaum/">Sam Birnbaum</a></li>
1808<li id="menu-item-20659" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20659"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jessie-bullock/">Jessie Bullock</a></li>
1809<li id="menu-item-26222" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26222"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/adonis-martimbianco-brozoza/">Adonis Martimbianco Brozoza</a></li>
1810<li id="menu-item-11977" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11977"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jimmy-chalk/">Jimmy Chalk</a></li>
1811<li id="menu-item-14416" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14416"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/heesu-chung/">Heesu Chung</a></li>
1812<li id="menu-item-4165" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4165"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/christopher-crawford/">Christopher Crawford</a></li>
1813<li id="menu-item-16547" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16547"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/maura-cremin/">Maura Cremin</a></li>
1814<li id="menu-item-2006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2006"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/rebecca-cress/">Rebecca Cress</a></li>
1815<li id="menu-item-18761" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18761"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/brooke-davies/">Brooke Davies</a></li>
1816<li id="menu-item-9923" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9923"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ashley-demming/">Ashley Demming</a></li>
1817<li id="menu-item-16548" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16548"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/megan-duffy/">Megan Duffy</a></li>
1818<li id="menu-item-23699" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23699"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/justin-durivage/">Justin duRivage</a></li>
1819<li id="menu-item-11980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11980"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/travis-edwards/">Travis Edwards</a></li>
1820<li id="menu-item-14420" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14420"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/blake-ellison/">Blake Ellison</a></li>
1821<li id="menu-item-4169" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4169"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/melanie-emmen/">Melanie Emmen</a></li>
1822<li id="menu-item-15379" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15379"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/camilo-enciso/">Camilo Enciso</a></li>
1823<li id="menu-item-14426" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14426"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jonathan-eubank/">Jonathan Eubank</a></li>
1824<li id="menu-item-16549" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16549"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ross-evans/">Ross Evans</a></li>
1825<li id="menu-item-11979" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11979"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/thomas-ewing/">Thomas Ewing</a></li>
1826<li id="menu-item-14429" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14429"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/joao-victor-freitas-ferreira/">João Victor Freitas Ferreira</a></li>
1827<li id="menu-item-23700" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23700"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/casandra-ferrante/">Casandra Ferrante</a></li>
1828<li id="menu-item-14425" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14425"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/asseret-frausto/">Asseret Frausto</a></li>
1829<li id="menu-item-11978" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11978"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/nicholas-gersh/">Nicholas Gersh</a></li>
1830<li id="menu-item-7003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7003"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/sarah-gitlin/">Sarah Gitlin</a></li>
1831<li id="menu-item-18762" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18762"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/michael-glanzel/">Michael Glanzel</a></li>
1832<li id="menu-item-14421" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14421"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/sarah-grant/">Sarah Grant</a></li>
1833<li id="menu-item-9926" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9926"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/cindy-guan/">Cindy Guan</a></li>
1834<li id="menu-item-26223" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26223"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ivan-gunjic/">Ivan Gunjic</a></li>
1835<li id="menu-item-20649" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20649"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/clayton-hackney/">Clayton Hackney</a></li>
1836<li id="menu-item-18770" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18770">
1836<a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/eric-halliday/">Eric Halliday</a></li>
1837<li id="menu-item-18769" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18769"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/rachel-hanna/">Rachael Hanna</a></li>
1838<li id="menu-item-20650" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20650"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ella-hawkins/">Ella Hawkins</a></li>
1839<li id="menu-item-14430" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14430"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/samuel-hickey/">Samuel Hickey</a></li>
1840<li id="menu-item-23701" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23701"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/devon-himelman/">Devon Himelman</a></li>
1841<li id="menu-item-20651" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20651"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/emily-ho/">Emily Ho</a></li>
1842<li id="menu-item-2014" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2014"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/daniel-holman/">Daniel Holman</a></li>
1843<li id="menu-item-16555" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16555"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/hilary-hurd/">Hilary Hurd</a></li>
1844<li id="menu-item-18773" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18773"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/marvellous-iheukwumere/">Marvellous Iheukwumere</a></li>
1845<li id="menu-item-9929" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9929"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jeanne-jeong/">Jeanne Jeong</a></li>
1846<li id="menu-item-14434" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14434"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/helen-jiang/">Helen Jiang</a></li>
1847<li id="menu-item-23702" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23702"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/joshua-jordan/">Joshua Jordan</a></li>
1848<li id="menu-item-2013" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2013"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/maryum-jordan/">Maryum Jordan</a></li>
1849<li id="menu-item-5401" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5401"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/anna-jouravleva/">Anna Jouravleva</a></li>
1850<li id="menu-item-26224" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26224"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/francis-kaifala/">Francis Kaifala</a></li>
1851<li id="menu-item-23698" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23698"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/catherine-katz/">Catherine Katz</a></li>
1852<li id="menu-item-16553" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16553"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jason-keene/">Jason Keene</a></li>
1853<li id="menu-item-23691" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23691"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/natalie-keetsi/">Natalie Keetsi</a></li>
1854<li id="menu-item-14435" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14435"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/kevin-keller/">Kevin Keller</a></li>
1855<li id="menu-item-23703" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23703"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/katherine-kennedy/">Katherine Kennedy</a></li>
1856<li id="menu-item-4173" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4173"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/yi-seul-kim/">Yi Seul Kim</a></li>
1857<li id="menu-item-7002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7002"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/katie-king/">Katie King</a></li>
1858<li id="menu-item-20660" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20660"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jennifer-kline/">Jennifer Kline</a></li>
1859<li id="menu-item-15380" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15380"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jason-kohn/">Jason Kohn</a></li>
1860<li id="menu-item-6996" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6996"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/sarah-krys/">Sarah Krys</a></li>
1861<li id="menu-item-16554" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16554"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ivanna-kuz/">Ivanna Kuz</a></li>
1862<li id="menu-item-16567" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16567"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jetson-leder-luis/">Jetson Leder-Luis</a></li>
1863<li id="menu-item-14440" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14440"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/victoriya-levina/">Victoriya Levina</a></li>
1864<li id="menu-item-23704" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23704"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/madg-lhroob/">Magd Lhroob</a></li>
1865<li id="menu-item-20652" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20652"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/emma-mengshi-li/">Emma (Mengshi) Li</a></li>
1866<li id="menu-item-7001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7001"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/elizabeth-loftus/">Elizabeth Loftus</a></li>
1867<li id="menu-item-2012" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2012"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/meng-lu/">Meng Lu</a></li>
1868<li id="menu-item-14439" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14439"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/luana-vargas-macedo/">Luana Vargas Macedo</a></li>
1869<li id="menu-item-18763" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18763"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/sam-magaram/">Sam Magaram</a></li>
1870<li id="menu-item-14447" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14447"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/signa-mahung/">Signa Mahung</a></li>
1871<li id="menu-item-20662" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20662"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/teri-marcelo/">Teri Marcelo</a></li>
1872<li id="menu-item-6994" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6994"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jessica-vincentia-marpaung/">Jessica Vincentia Marpaung</a></li>
1873<li id="menu-item-14448" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14448"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/susannah-marshall/">Susannah Marshall</a></li>
1874<li id="menu-item-11983" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11983"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/michael-maruca-2/">Michael Maruca</a></li>
1875<li id="menu-item-11981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11981"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/craig-mascarehas/">Craig Mascarenhas</a></li>
1876<li id="menu-item-11982" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11982"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/james-mcentee/">James McEntee</a></li>
1877<li id="menu-item-14446" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14446"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/madeline-mcmahon/">Madeline McMahon</a></li>
1878<li id="menu-item-18774" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18774"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/astrid-medianero-bottger/">Astrid Medianero Bottger</a></li>
1879<li id="menu-item-20663" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20663"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/zachary-meskell/">Zachary Meskell</a></li>
1880<li id="menu-item-9928" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9928"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/courtney-millian/">Courtney Millian</a></li>
1881<li id="menu-item-4167" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4167"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/julissa-milligan/">Julissa Milligan</a></li>
1882<li id="menu-item-9931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9931"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/nino-monea/">Nino Monea</a></li>
1883<li id="menu-item-4166" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4166"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jordan-moran/">Jordan Moran</a></li>
1884<li id="menu-item-4170" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4170"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/mohamed-moussa/">Mohamed Moussa</a></li>
1885<li id="menu-item-16568" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16568"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ruta-mrazauskaite/">Ruta Mrazauskaite</a></li>
1886<li id="menu-item-26225" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26225"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/aparajita-mrindha/">Aparajita Mrindha</a></li>
1887<li id="menu-item-9930" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9930"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/christoph-nedopil/">Christoph Nedopil</a></li>
1888<li id="menu-item-4172" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4172"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/shinta-nur-fauzia/">Shinta Nur Fauzia</a></li>
1889<li id="menu-item-4163" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4163"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/anusha-pamula/">Anusha Pamula</a></li>
1890<li id="menu-item-7000" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7000"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/beatriz-paterno/">Beatriz Paterno</a></li>
1891<li id="menu-item-2011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2011"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/michael-pierce/">Michael Pierce</a></li>
1892<li id="menu-item-20664" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20664"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/santiago-palomo-vila/">Santiago Palomo Vila</a></li>
1893<li id="menu-item-11986" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11986"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jayne-ponder/">Jayne Ponder</a></li>
1894<li id="menu-item-18772" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18772"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/alexander-poulsen/">Alexander Poulsen</a></li>
1895<li id="menu-item-20653" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20653"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/haggai-porat/">Haggai Porat</a></li>
1896<li id="menu-item-26226" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26226"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/lica-porcile/">Lica Porcile</a></li>
1897<li id="menu-item-9921" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9921"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/rathna-ramamurthi/">Rathna Ramamurthi</a></li>
1898<li id="menu-item-6995" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6995"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/nayana-renukumar/">Nayana RenuKumar</a></li>
1899<li id="menu-item-14459" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14459"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/natalie-ritchie/">Natalie Ritchie</a></li>
1900<li id="menu-item-26227" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26227"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/micah-rosen/">Micah Rosen</a></li>
1901<li id="menu-item-4168" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4168"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/lauren-ross/">Lauren Ross</a></li>
1902<li id="menu-item-20654" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20654"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/guy-rubinstein/">Guy Rubinstein</a></li>
1903<li id="menu-item-16569" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16569"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/inayat-sabhikhi/">Inayat Sabhikhi</a></li>
1904<li id="menu-item-20655" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20655"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ben-salvatore/">Ben Salvatore</a></li>
1905<li id="menu-item-6998" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6998"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/nathan-sandals/">Nathan Sandals</a></li>
1906<li id="menu-item-18766" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18766"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/luiz-santiago/">Luiz Santiago</a></li>
1907<li id="menu-item-2010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2010"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/eden-schiffman/">Eden Schiffmann</a></li>
1908<li id="menu-item-11984" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11984"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/abhinav-sekhri/">Abhinav Sekhri</a></li>
1909<li id="menu-item-26228" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26228"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/logan-seymour/">Logan Seymour</a></li>
1910<li id="menu-item-16570" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16570"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/masha-simonova/">Masha Simonova</a></li>
1911<li id="menu-item-16571" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16571"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jacques-singer-emery/">Jacques Singer-Emery</a></li>
1912<li id="menu-item-14456" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14456"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/harmann-singh/">Harmann Singh</a></li>
1913<li id="menu-item-16572" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16572"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/brydne-slattery/">Brydne Slattery</a></li>
1914<li id="menu-item-23689" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-23689"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/asgerdur-snaevarr/">Asgerdur Snaevarr</a></li>
1915<li id="menu-item-14455" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14455"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/elizabeth-soltan/">Elizabeth Soltan</a></li>
1916<li id="menu-item-9927" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9927"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/clara-spera/">Clara Spera</a></li>
1917<li id="menu-item-18768" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18768"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/pete-stein/">Pete Stein</a></li>
1918<li id="menu-item-11985" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11985"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jacob-steiner/">Jacob Steiner</a></li>
1919<li id="menu-item-20656" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20656"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/cem-tecimer/">Cem Tecimer</a></li>
1920<li id="menu-item-20657" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20657"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/mayze-teitler/">Mayze Teitler</a></li>
1921<li id="menu-item-16573" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16573"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/rodrigo-telles-de-souza/">Rodrigo Telles de Souza</a></li>
1922<li id="menu-item-14457" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14457"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/kees-thompson/">Kees Thompson</a></li>
1923<li id="menu-item-20658" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20658"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/rafael-tonicelli-de-mello-quelho/">Rafael Tonicelli de Mello Quelho</a></li>
1924<li id="menu-item-15382" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15382"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/john-tso/">
1924John Tso</a></li>
1925<li id="menu-item-18767" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18767"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/ubong-udoeyo/">Ubong Udoeyo</a></li>
1926<li id="menu-item-2009" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2009"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/philip-underwood/">Philip Underwood</a></li>
1927<li id="menu-item-2008" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2008"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/colette-van-der-ven/">Colette van der Ven</a></li>
1928<li id="menu-item-18771" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18771"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/disha-verma/">Disha Verma</a></li>
1929<li id="menu-item-20665" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20665"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/joshua-vontrapp/">Joshua VonTrapp</a></li>
1930<li id="menu-item-18764" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18764"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/steven-wang-2/">Steven Wang</a></li>
1931<li id="menu-item-2350" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2350"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/addar-weintraub/">Addar Weintraub</a></li>
1932<li id="menu-item-11987" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11987"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/shanil-wijesinha/">Shanil Wijesinha</a></li>
1933<li id="menu-item-18765" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18765"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/vincent-wu-2/">Vincent Wu</a></li>
1934<li id="menu-item-20661" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20661"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/jaylia-yan/">Jaylia Yan</a></li>
1935<li id="menu-item-6997" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6997"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/danielle-young/">Danielle Young</a></li>
1936<li id="menu-item-9922" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9922"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/yixuan-zhu/">Yixuan Zhu</a></li>
1937<li id="menu-item-20666" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20666"><a href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/laurel-zigerelli/">Laurel Zigerelli</a></li>
1938</ul></div></aside><aside id="archives-3" class="widget widget_archive"><h3 class="widget-title">Archive</h3>
1939			<ul>
1940					<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/'>September 2026</a></li>
1941	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/'>August 2026</a></li>
1942	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/'>July 2026</a></li>
1943	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/'>June 2026</a></li>
1944	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/05/'>May 2026</a></li>
1945	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/04/'>April 2026</a></li>
1946	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/03/'>March 2026</a></li>
1947	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/02/'>February 2026</a></li>
1948	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/01/'>January 2026</a></li>
1949	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/12/'>December 2025</a></li>
1950	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/11/'>November 2025</a></li>
1951	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/10/'>October 2025</a></li>
1952	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/09/'>September 2025</a></li>
1953	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/08/'>August 2025</a></li>
1954	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/07/'>July 2025</a></li>
1955	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/06/'>June 2025</a></li>
1956	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/05/'>May 2025</a></li>
1957	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/04/'>April 2025</a></li>
1958	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/03/'>March 2025</a></li>
1959	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/02/'>February 2025</a></li>
1960	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2025/01/'>January 2025</a></li>
1961	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/12/'>December 2024</a></li>
1962	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/11/'>November 2024</a></li>
1963	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/10/'>October 2024</a></li>
1964	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/09/'>September 2024</a></li>
1965	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/08/'>August 2024</a></li>
1966	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/07/'>July 2024</a></li>
1967	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/06/'>June 2024</a></li>
1968	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/05/'>May 2024</a></li>
1969	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/04/'>April 2024</a></li>
1970	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/03/'>March 2024</a></li>
1971	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/02/'>February 2024</a></li>
1972	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2024/01/'>January 2024</a></li>
1973	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/12/'>December 2023</a></li>
1974	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/11/'>November 2023</a></li>
1975	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/10/'>October 2023</a></li>
1976	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/09/'>September 2023</a></li>
1977	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/08/'>August 2023</a></li>
1978	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/07/'>July 2023</a></li>
1979	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/06/'>June 2023</a></li>
1980	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/05/'>May 2023</a></li>
1981	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/04/'>April 2023</a></li>
1982	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/03/'>March 2023</a></li>
1983	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/02/'>February 2023</a></li>
1984	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2023/01/'>January 2023</a></li>
1985	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/12/'>December 2022</a></li>
1986	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/11/'>November 2022</a></li>
1987	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/10/'>October 2022</a></li>
1988	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/09/'>September 2022</a></li>
1989	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/07/'>July 2022</a></li>
1990	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/06/'>June 2022</a></li>
1991	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/05/'>May 2022</a></li>
1992	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/04/'>April 2022</a></li>
1993	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/03/'>March 2022</a></li>
1994	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/02/'>February 2022</a></li>
1995	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2022/01/'>January 2022</a></li>
1996	<li>
1996<a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/12/'>December 2021</a></li>
1997	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/11/'>November 2021</a></li>
1998	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/10/'>October 2021</a></li>
1999	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/09/'>September 2021</a></li>
2000	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/08/'>August 2021</a></li>
2001	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/07/'>July 2021</a></li>
2002	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/06/'>June 2021</a></li>
2003	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/05/'>May 2021</a></li>
2004	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/04/'>April 2021</a></li>
2005	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/03/'>March 2021</a></li>
2006	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/02/'>February 2021</a></li>
2007	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2021/01/'>January 2021</a></li>
2008	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/12/'>December 2020</a></li>
2009	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/11/'>November 2020</a></li>
2010	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/10/'>October 2020</a></li>
2011	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/09/'>September 2020</a></li>
2012	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/08/'>August 2020</a></li>
2013	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/07/'>July 2020</a></li>
2014	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/06/'>June 2020</a></li>
2015	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/05/'>May 2020</a></li>
2016	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/04/'>April 2020</a></li>
2017	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/03/'>March 2020</a></li>
2018	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/02/'>February 2020</a></li>
2019	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2020/01/'>January 2020</a></li>
2020	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/12/'>December 2019</a></li>
2021	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/11/'>November 2019</a></li>
2022	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/10/'>October 2019</a></li>
2023	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/09/'>September 2019</a></li>
2024	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/08/'>August 2019</a></li>
2025	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/07/'>July 2019</a></li>
2026	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/06/'>June 2019</a></li>
2027	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/05/'>May 2019</a></li>
2028	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/04/'>April 2019</a></li>
2029	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/03/'>March 2019</a></li>
2030	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/02/'>
2030February 2019</a></li>
2031	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2019/01/'>January 2019</a></li>
2032	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/12/'>December 2018</a></li>
2033	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/11/'>November 2018</a></li>
2034	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/10/'>October 2018</a></li>
2035	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/09/'>September 2018</a></li>
2036	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/08/'>August 2018</a></li>
2037	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/07/'>July 2018</a></li>
2038	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/06/'>June 2018</a></li>
2039	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/05/'>May 2018</a></li>
2040	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/04/'>April 2018</a></li>
2041	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/03/'>March 2018</a></li>
2042	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/02/'>February 2018</a></li>
2043	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2018/01/'>January 2018</a></li>
2044	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/12/'>December 2017</a></li>
2045	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/11/'>November 2017</a></li>
2046	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/10/'>October 2017</a></li>
2047	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/09/'>September 2017</a></li>
2048	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/08/'>August 2017</a></li>
2049	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/07/'>July 2017</a></li>
2050	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/06/'>June 2017</a></li>
2051	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/05/'>May 2017</a></li>
2052	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/04/'>April 2017</a></li>
2053	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/03/'>March 2017</a></li>
2054	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/02/'>February 2017</a></li>
2055	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2017/01/'>January 2017</a></li>
2056	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/12/'>December 2016</a></li>
2057	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/11/'>November 2016</a></li>
2058	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/10/'>October 2016</a></li>
2059	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/09/'>September 2016</a></li>
2060	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/08/'>August 2016</a></li>
2061	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/07/'>July 2016</a></li>
2062	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/06/'>June 2016</a></li>
2063	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/05/'>May 2016</a></li>
2064	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/04/'>April 2016</a></li>
2065	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/03/'>March 2016</a></li>
2066	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/02/'>February 2016</a></li>
2067	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2016/01/'>January 2016</a></li>
2068	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/12/'>December 2015</a></li>
2069	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/11/'>November 2015</a></li>
2070	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/10/'>October 2015</a></li>
2071	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/09/'>September 2015</a></li>
2072	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/08/'>August 2015</a></li>
2073	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/07/'>July 2015</a></li>
2074	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/06/'>June 2015</a></li>
2075	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/05/'>May 2015</a></li>
2076	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/04/'>April 2015</a></li>
2077	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/03/'>March 2015</a></li>
2078	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/02/'>February 2015</a></li>
2079	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2015/01/'>January 2015</a></li>
2080	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/12/'>December 2014</a></li>
2081	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/11/'>November 2014</a></li>
2082	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/10/'>October 2014</a></li>
2083	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/09/'>September 2014</a></li>
2084	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/08/'>August 2014</a></li>
2085	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/07/'>July 2014</a></li>
2086	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/06/'>June 2014</a></li>
2087	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/05/'>May 2014</a></li>
2088	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/04/'>April 2014</a></li>
2089	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/03/'>March 2014</a></li>
2090	<li><a href='https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2014/02/'>February 2014</a></li>
2091			</ul>
2092
2093			</aside>		</div><!-- #secondary .widget-area -->
2094
2095	</div><!-- #main -->
2096
2097	<footer id="colophon">
2098
2099			
2100
2101			<div id="site-generator">
2102				 								<a href="https://wordpress.com/?ref=footer_blog" rel="nofollow">Blog at WordPress.com.</a>
2103			</div>
2104	</footer><!-- #colophon -->
2105</div><!-- #page -->
2106
2107		
2107<script type="text/javascript">
2108		var infiniteScroll = {"settings":{"id":"content","ajaxurl":"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/?infinity=scrolling","type":"scroll","wrapper":true,"wrapper_class":"infinite-wrap","footer":"page","click_handle":"1","text":"Older posts","totop":"Scroll back to top","currentday":"16.06.26","order":"DESC","scripts":[],"styles":[],"google_analytics":false,"offset":1,"history":{"host":"globalanticorruptionblog.com","path":"/page/%d/","use_trailing_slashes":true,"parameters":""},"query_args":{"error":"","m":"","p":0,"post_parent":"","subpost":"","subpost_id":"","attachment":"","attachment_id":0,"name":"","pagename":"","page_id":0,"second":"","minute":"","hour":"","day":0,"monthnum":0,"year":0,"w":0,"category_name":"","tag":"","cat":"","tag_id":"","author":"","author_name":"","feed":"","tb":"","paged":0,"meta_key":"","meta_value":"","preview":"","s":"","sentence":"","title":"","fields":"all","menu_order":"","embed":"","category__in":[],"category__not_in":[],"category__and":[],"post__in":[],"post__not_in":[],"post_name__in":[],"tag__in":[],"tag__not_in":[],"tag__and":[],"tag_slug__in":[],"tag_slug__and":[],"post_parent__in":[],"post_parent__not_in":[],"author__in":[],"author__not_in":[],"search_columns":[],"lazy_load_term_meta":false,"posts_per_page":10,"ignore_sticky_posts":false,"suppress_filters":false,"cache_results":true,"update_post_term_cache":true,"update_menu_item_cache":false,"update_post_meta_cache":true,"post_type":"","nopaging":false,"comments_per_page":"50","no_found_rows":false,"order":"DESC"},"query_before":"2026-09-24 02:55:36","last_post_date":"2026-06-16 10:37:13","body_class":"infinite-scroll neverending","loading_text":"Loading new page","stats":"blog=62470674\u0026v=wpcom\u0026tz=-4\u0026user_id=0\u0026arch_home=1\u0026subd=anticorruptionblog\u0026x_pagetype=infinite"}};
2109		</script>
2109
2110		<!--  -->
2111<script type="speculationrules">
2112{"prefetch":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["/wp-*.php","/wp-admin/*","/files/*","/wp-content/*","/wp-content/plugins/*","/wp-content/themes/pub/twentyeleven/*","/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prefetch, .no-prefetch a"}}]},"eagerness":"conservative"}]}
2113</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2113
2113
2114<script id="grofiles-cards-js" src="//0.gravatar.com/js/hovercards/hovercards.min.js?ver=202639d1133547e8a1f2801609f51cef12522abe7f6647d869e9fbc974fe356a37e613"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2114
2114
2115<script id="wpgroho-js-extra">
2116var WPGroHo = {"my_hash":""};
2117//# sourceURL=wpgroho-js-extra
2118</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2118
2118
2119<script crossorigin='anonymous' type='text/javascript'  src='/wp-content/mu-plugins/gravatar-hovercards/wpgroho.js?m=1610363240i'></script>
2119
2120
2121	
2121<script>
2122		// Initialize and attach hovercards to all gravatars
2123		( function() {
2124			function init() {
2125				if ( typeof Gravatar === 'undefined' ) {
2126					return;
2127				}
2128
2129				if ( typeof Gravatar.init !== 'function' ) {
2130					return;
2131				}
2132
2133				Gravatar.profile_cb = function ( hash, id ) {
2134					WPGroHo.syncProfileData( hash, id );
2135				};
2136
2137				Gravatar.my_hash = WPGroHo.my_hash;
2138				Gravatar.init(
2139					'body',
2140					'#wp-admin-bar-my-account',
2141					{
2142						i18n: {
2143							'Edit your profile →': 'Edit your profile →',
2144							'View profile →': 'View profile →',
2145							'Contact': 'Contact',
2146							'Send money': 'Send money',
2147							'Sorry, we are unable to load this Gravatar profile.': 'Sorry, we are unable to load this Gravatar profile.',
2148							'Gravatar not found.': 'Gravatar not found.',
2149							'Too Many Requests.': 'Too Many Requests.',
2150							'Internal Server Error.': 'Internal Server Error.',
2151							'Is this you?': 'Is this you?',
2152							'Claim your free profile.': 'Claim your free profile.',
2153							'Email': 'Email',
2154							'Home Phone': 'Home Phone',
2155							'Work Phone': 'Work Phone',
2156							'Cell Phone': 'Cell Phone',
2157							'Contact Form': 'Contact Form',
2158							'Calendar': 'Calendar',
2159						},
2160					}
2161				);
2162			}
2163
2164			if ( document.readyState !== 'loading' ) {
2165				init();
2166			} else {
2167				document.addEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', init );
2168			}
2169		} )();
2170	</script>
2170
2171
2172		<div style="display:none">
2173	</div>
2174		<div id="infinite-footer">
2175			<div class="container">
2176				<div class="blog-info">
2177					<a id="infinity-blog-title" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/" rel="home">
2178						GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog					</a>
2179				</div>
2180				<div class="blog-credits">
2181					<a href="https://wordpress.com/?ref=footer_blog" rel="nofollow">Blog at WordPress.com.</a> 				</div>
2182			</div>
2183		</div><!-- #infinite-footer -->
2184					<div id="actionbar" dir="ltr" style="display: none;"
2185				class="actnbr-pub-twentyeleven" role="region" aria-label="Site actions">
2186			<span class="actnbr-live" aria-live="polite"></span>
2187			<ul>
2188										<li class="actnbr-btn actnbr-hidden">
2189										<a class="actnbr-action actnbr-actn-follow " href="" role="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-expanded="false">
2190				<svg class="actnbr-icon actnbr-icon-bell" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" fill="currentColor"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M17 11.5c0 1.353.17 2.368.976 3 .266.209.602.376 1.024.5v1H5v-1c.422-.124.757-.291 1.024-.5.806-.632.976-1.647.976-3V9c0-2.8 2.2-5 5-5s5 2.2 5 5v2.5ZM15.5 9v2.5c0 .93.066 1.98.515 2.897l.053.103H7.932a4.018 4.018 0 0 0 .053-.103c.449-.917.515-1.967.515-2.897V9c0-1.972 1.528-3.5 3.5-3.5s3.5 1.528 3.5 3.5Zm-5.492 9.008c0-.176.023-.346.065-.508h3.854A1.996 1.996 0 0 1 12 20c-1.1 0-1.992-.892-1.992-1.992Z"/></svg>				<span>Subscribe</span>
2191			</a>
2192			<a class="actnbr-action actnbr-actn-following  no-display" href="" role="button">
2193				<svg class="actnbr-icon actnbr-icon-check" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" style="fill: none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5"><path d="M7 12L10 15L17 8" vector-effect="non-scaling-stroke"/></svg>				<span>Subscribed</span>
2194			</a>
2195									<div class="actnbr-popover actnbr-panel actnbr-notice" id="follow-bubble" role="dialog" aria-label="Subscribe to GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog">
2196								<div class="actnbr-follow-bubble">
2197								<div class="actnbr-panel__group"><a class="actnbr-menu__item actnbr-sitename" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com"><img loading='lazy' alt='' src='https://s-ssl.wordpress.com/i/logo/wpcom-gray-white.png?m=1479929237i' srcset='https://s-ssl.wordpress.com/i/logo/wpcom-gray-white.png 1x' class='avatar avatar-50' height='50' width='50' /><span class="actnbr-menu__label">GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog</span></a></div>																	<div class="actnbr-panel__group">
2198										<div class="actnbr-message no-display" aria-live="polite"></div>
2199										<form method="post" action="https://subscribe.wordpress.com" accept-charset="utf-8" class="no-display">
2200																							<div class="actnbr-follow-count">Join 2,812 other subscribers</div>
2201																							<input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Want updates? Enter your email" class="actnbr-email-field" aria-label="Email address" />
2202											<input type="hidden" name="action" value="subscribe" />
2203											<input type="hidden" name="blog_id" value="62470674" />
2204											<input type="hidden" name="source" value="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/" />
2205											<input type="hidden" name="sub-type" value="actionbar-follow" />
2206											<input type="hidden" id="_wpnonce" name="_wpnonce" value="1b8b208905" />											<button type="submit" class="actnbr-button">Sign me up</button>
2207										</form>
2208										<p class="actnbr-login-nudge">
2209											Have a WordPress.com account? <a href="https://wordpress.com/log-in?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fr-login.wordpress.com%2Fremote-login.php%3Faction%3Dlink%26back%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%252F2026%252F09%252F22%252Frepublican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father%252F">Log in now.</a>										</p>
2210									</div>
2211																	</div>
2212							</div>
2213						</li>
2214									<li class="actnbr-ellipsis actnbr-hidden">
2215					<button type="button" class="actnbr-more-toggle" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="More options">
2216						<svg class="actnbr-icon actnbr-icon-more-horizontal" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" fill="currentColor"><path d="M11 13h2v-2h-2v2zm-6 0h2v-2H5v2zm12-2v2h2v-2h-2z"/></svg>					</button>
2217					<div class="actnbr-popover actnbr-menu" role="menu" aria-label="Site options">
2218						<div class="actnbr-menu__group" role="group"><a role="menuitem" class="actnbr-menu__item actnbr-sitename" href="https://globalanticorruptionblog.com"><img loading='lazy' alt='' src='https://s-ssl.wordpress.com/i/logo/wpcom-gray-white.png?m=1479929237i' srcset='https://s-ssl.wordpress.com/i/logo/wpcom-gray-white.png 1x' class='avatar avatar-50' height='50' width='50' /><span class="actnbr-menu__label">GAB | The Global Anticorruption Blog</span></a></div><div class="actnbr-menu__group" role="group"><a role="menuitem" class="actnbr-menu__item actnbr-reader" href="https://wordpress.com/reader/feeds/17539160"><span class="actnbr-menu__label">View site in Reader</span></a></div><div class="actnbr-menu__group" role="group"><a role="menuitem" class="actnbr-menu__item actnbr-subs" href="https://subscribe.wordpress.com/"><span class="actnbr-menu__label">Manage subscriptions</span></a><a role="menuitem" class="actnbr-menu__item actnbr-signup" href="https://wordpress.com/start/"><span class="actnbr-menu__label">Sign up</span></a><a role="menuitem" class="actnbr-menu__item actnbr-login" href="https://wordpress.com/log-in?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fr-login.wordpress.com%2Fremote-login.php%3Faction%3Dlink%26back%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%252F2026%252F09%252F22%252Frepublican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father%252F"><span class="actnbr-menu__label">Log in</span></a></div><div class="actnbr-menu__group" role="group"><a role="menuitem" class="actnbr-menu__item flb-report" href="https://wordpress.com/abuse/?report_url=https://globalanticorruptionblog.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="actnbr-menu__label">Report this content</span><span class="actnbr-menu__icon"><svg class="actnbr-icon actnbr-icon-external" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" fill="currentColor"><path d="M19.5 4.5h-7V6h4.44l-5.97 5.97 1.06 1.06L18 7.06v4.44h1.5v-7Zm-13 1a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v10a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h10a2 2 0 0 0 2-2v-3H17v3a.5.5 0 0 1-.5.5h-10a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5v-10a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h3V5.5h-3Z"/></svg></span></a></div><div class="actnbr-menu__group" role="group"><a role="menuitem" class="actnbr-menu__item actnbr-fold" href=""><span class="actnbr-menu__label">Collapse this bar</span></a></div>					</div>
2219				</li>
2220			</ul>
2221		</div>
2222		
2222<script>
2223window.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", function () {
2224				var link = document.createElement( "link" );
2225				link.href = "\/wp-content\/mu-plugins\/jetpack-plugin\/sun\/jetpack_vendor\/automattic\/jetpack-newsletter\/src\/..\/build\/action-bar.css?ver=9e2715140ce0af99d983";
2226				link.rel = "stylesheet";
2227				document.head.appendChild( link );
2228
2229				var script = document.createElement( "script" );
2230				script.src = "\/wp-content\/mu-plugins\/jetpack-plugin\/sun\/jetpack_vendor\/automattic\/jetpack-newsletter\/src\/..\/build\/action-bar.js?ver=9e2715140ce0af99d983";
2231				document.body.appendChild( script );
2232			} );
2233</script>
2233
2234
2235	
2235<script type="text/javascript">
2236		window.WPCOM_sharing_counts = {"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/22/republican-senator-seeks-investigation-into-whether-donald-trump-jr-is-profiting-off-ties-to-his-father/":32075,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/12/imf-report-on-ukraine-asset-declaration-system-wasting-enormous-resources-on-low-value-tasks-spending-little-on-those-that-matter/":32014,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/08/corruption-sanctions-what-do-governments-need-to-know/":32000,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/09/02/measure-corrupt-conduct-not-corruption/":31978,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/11/is-it-too-late-to-corral-americas-wealthy-casey-michels-united-states-of-oligarchy/":31904,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/08/04/the-french-anticorruption-strategy-falling-short-of-expectations/":31882,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/07/27/when-the-victim-is-a-gatekeeper-what-koreas-cartoon-money-embezzlement-exposed/":31860,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/30/review-of-robert-barringtons-corrupted-kingdom/":31752,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/26/july-2-webinar-measuring-corruption-to-trigger-action-and-track-progress/":31737,"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/2026/06/16/call-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised/":31710};
2237	</script>
2237
2238						<link rel="prefetch" href="/wp-content/mu-plugins/jetpack-plugin/sun/_inc/blocks/swiper.js" as="script" />
2239		<div id="jp-carousel-loading-overlay" style="display: none;">
2240			<div id="jp-carousel-loading-wrapper">
2241				<span id="jp-carousel-library-loading"><svg class="jetpack-spinner" width="40" height="40" viewBox="0 0 100 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><circle cx="50" cy="50" r="46" fill="none" stroke="#ddd" stroke-width="8"/><path d="M 50 4 A 46 46 0 0 1 96 50" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="8" stroke-linecap="round"><animateTransform attributeName="transform" type="rotate" dur="1.4s" from="0 50 50" to="360 50 50" repeatCount="indefinite"/></path></svg></span>
2242			</div>
2243		</div>
2244		<div class="jp-carousel-overlay" style="display: none;">
2245
2246		<div class="jp-carousel-container">
2247			<!-- The Carousel Swiper -->
2248			<div
2249				class="jp-carousel-wrap swiper jp-carousel-swiper-container jp-carousel-transitions"
2250				itemscope
2251				itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageGallery">
2252				<div class="jp-carousel swiper-wrapper"></div>
2253				<div class="jp-swiper-button-prev swiper-button-prev">
2254					<svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
2255						<mask id="maskPrev" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="8" y="6" width="9" height="12">
2256							<path d="M16.2072 16.59L11.6496 12L16.2072 7.41L14.8041 6L8.8335 12L14.8041 18L16.2072 16.59Z" fill="white"/>
2257						</mask>
2258						<g mask="url(#maskPrev)">
2259							<rect x="0.579102" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
2260						</g>
2261					</svg>
2262				</div>
2263				<div class="jp-swiper-button-next swiper-button-next">
2264					<svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
2265						<mask id="maskNext" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="8" y="6" width="8" height="12">
2266							<path d="M8.59814 16.59L13.1557 12L8.59814 7.41L10.0012 6L15.9718 12L10.0012 18L8.59814 16.59Z" fill="white"/>
2267						</mask>
2268						<g mask="url(#maskNext)">
2269							<rect x="0.34375" width="23.8822" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
2270						</g>
2271					</svg>
2272				</div>
2273			</div>
2274			<!-- The main close buton -->
2275			<div class="jp-carousel-close-hint">
2276				<svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
2277					<mask id="maskClose" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="5" y="5" width="15" height="14">
2278						<path d="M19.3166 6.41L17.9135 5L12.3509 10.59L6.78834 5L5.38525 6.41L10.9478 12L5.38525 17.59L6.78834 19L12.3509 13.41L17.9135 19L19.3166 17.59L13.754 12L19.3166 6.41Z" fill="white"/>
2279					</mask>
2280					<g mask="url(#maskClose)">
2281						<rect x="0.409668" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
2282					</g>
2283				</svg>
2284			</div>
2285			<!-- Image info, comments and meta -->
2286			<div class="jp-carousel-info">
2287				<div class="jp-carousel-info-footer">
2288					<div class="jp-carousel-pagination-container">
2289						<div class="jp-swiper-pagination swiper-pagination"></div>
2290						<div class="jp-carousel-pagination"></div>
2291					</div>
2292					<div class="jp-carousel-photo-title-container">
2293						<div class="jp-carousel-photo-caption"></div>
2294					</div>
2295					<div class="jp-carousel-photo-icons-container">
2296						<a href="#" class="jp-carousel-icon-btn jp-carousel-icon-info" aria-label="Toggle photo metadata visibility">
2297							<span class="jp-carousel-icon">
2298								<svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
2299									<mask id="maskInfo" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="2" y="2" width="21" height="20">
2300										<path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M12.7537 2C7.26076 2 2.80273 6.48 2.80273 12C2.80273 17.52 7.26076 22 12.7537 22C18.2466 22 22.7046 17.52 22.7046 12C22.7046 6.48 18.2466 2 12.7537 2ZM11.7586 7V9H13.7488V7H11.7586ZM11.7586 11V17H13.7488V11H11.7586ZM4.79292 12C4.79292 16.41 8.36531 20 12.7537 20C17.142 20 20.7144 16.41 20.7144 12C20.7144 7.59 17.142 4 12.7537 4C8.36531 4 4.79292 7.59 4.79292 12Z" fill="white"/>
2301									</mask>
2302									<g mask="url(#maskInfo)">
2303										<rect x="0.8125" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
2304									</g>
2305								</svg>
2306							</span>
2307						</a>
2308												<a href="#" class="jp-carousel-icon-btn jp-carousel-icon-comments" aria-label="Toggle photo comments visibility">
2309							<span class="jp-carousel-icon">
2310								<svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
2311									<mask id="maskComments" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="2" y="2" width="21" height="20">
2312										<path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.3271 2H20.2486C21.3432 2 22.2388 2.9 22.2388 4V16C22.2388 17.1 21.3432 18 20.2486 18H6.31729L2.33691 22V4C2.33691 2.9 3.2325 2 4.3271 2ZM6.31729 16H20.2486V4H4.3271V18L6.31729 16Z" fill="white"/>
2313									</mask>
2314									<g mask="url(#maskComments)">
2315										<rect x="0.34668" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
2316									</g>
2317								</svg>
2318
2319								<span class="jp-carousel-has-comments-indicator" aria-label="This image has comments."></span>
2320							</span>
2321						</a>
2322											</div>
2323				</div>
2324				<div class="jp-carousel-info-extra">
2325					<div class="jp-carousel-info-content-wrapper">
2326						<div class="jp-carousel-photo-title-container">
2327							<div class="jp-carousel-photo-title"></div>
2328						</div>
2329						<div class="jp-carousel-comments-wrapper">
2330															<div id="jp-carousel-comments-loading">
2331									<span>Loading Comments...</span>
2332								</div>
2333								<div class="jp-carousel-comments"></div>
2334								<div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-container">
2335									<span id="jp-carousel-comment-form-spinner"><svg class="jetpack-spinner" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 100 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><circle cx="50" cy="50" r="46" fill="none" stroke="#ddd" stroke-width="8"/><path d="M 50 4 A 46 46 0 0 1 96 50" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="8" stroke-linecap="round"><animateTransform attributeName="transform" type="rotate" dur="1.4s" from="0 50 50" to="360 50 50" repeatCount="indefinite"/></path></svg></span>
2336									<div id="jp-carousel-comment-post-results"></div>
2337																														<form id="jp-carousel-comment-form">
2338												<label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field" class="screen-reader-text">Write a Comment...</label>
2339												<textarea
2340													name="comment"
2341													class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-textarea"
2342													id="jp-carousel-comment-form-comment-field"
2343													placeholder="Write a Comment..."
2344												></textarea>
2345												<div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-submit-and-info-wrapper">
2346													<div id="jp-carousel-comment-form-commenting-as">
2347																													<fieldset>
2348																<label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-email-field">Email (Required)</label>
2349																<input type="text" name="email" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-email-field" />
2350															</fieldset>
2351															<fieldset>
2352																<label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-author-field">Name (Required)</label>
2353																<input type="text" name="author" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-author-field" />
2354															</fieldset>
2355															<fieldset>
2356																<label for="jp-carousel-comment-form-url-field">Website</label>
2357																<input type="text" name="url" class="jp-carousel-comment-form-field jp-carousel-comment-form-text-field" id="jp-carousel-comment-form-url-field" />
2358															</fieldset>
2359																											</div>
2360													<input
2361														type="submit"
2362														name="submit"
2363														class="jp-carousel-comment-form-button"
2364														id="jp-carousel-comment-form-button-submit"
2365														value="Post Comment" />
2366												</div>
2367											</form>
2368																											</div>
2369													</div>
2370						<div class="jp-carousel-image-meta">
2371							<div class="jp-carousel-title-and-caption">
2372								<div class="jp-carousel-photo-info">
2373									<div class="jp-carousel-caption" itemprop="caption description"></div>
2374								</div>
2375
2376								<div class="jp-carousel-photo-description"></div>
2377							</div>
2378							<a class="jp-carousel-image-download" href="#" aria-label="Download image" target="_blank" style="display: none;">
2379								<svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
2380									<mask id="mask0" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="3" y="3" width="19" height="18">
2381										<path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M5.84615 5V19H19.7775V12H21.7677V19C21.7677 20.1 20.8721 21 19.7775 21H5.84615C4.74159 21 3.85596 20.1 3.85596 19V5C3.85596 3.9 4.74159 3 5.84615 3H12.8118V5H5.84615ZM14.802 5V3H21.7677V10H19.7775V6.41L9.99569 16.24L8.59261 14.83L18.3744 5H14.802Z" fill="white"/>
2382									</mask>
2383									<g mask="url(#mask0)">
2384										<rect x="0.870605" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
2385									</g>
2386								</svg>
2387								<span class="jp-carousel-download-text"></span>
2388							</a>
2389							<div class="jp-carousel-image-map" style="display: none;"></div>
2390						</div>
2391					</div>
2392				</div>
2393			</div>
2394		</div>
2395
2396		</div>
2397		
2398	
2398<script type="text/javascript">
2399		(function () {
2400			var wpcom_reblog = {
2401				source: 'toolbar',
2402
2403				toggle_reblog_box_flair: function (obj_id, post_id) {
2404
2405					// Go to site selector. This will redirect to their blog if they only have one.
2406					const postEndpoint = `https://wordpress.com/post`;
2407
2408					// Ideally we would use the permalink here, but fortunately this will be replaced with the 
2409					// post permalink in the editor.
2410					const originalURL = `${ document.location.href }?page_id=${ post_id }`; 
2411					
2412					const url =
2413						postEndpoint +
2414						'?url=' +
2415						encodeURIComponent( originalURL ) +
2416						'&is_post_share=true' +
2417						'&v=5';
2418
2419					const redirect = function () {
2420						if (
2421							! window.open( url, '_blank' )
2422						) {
2423							location.href = url;
2424						}
2425					};
2426
2427					if ( /Firefox/.test( navigator.userAgent ) ) {
2428						setTimeout( redirect, 0 );
2429					} else {
2430						redirect();
2431					}
2432				},
2433			};
2434
2435			window.wpcom_reblog = wpcom_reblog;
2436		})();
2437	</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2437
2437
2438<script id="jetpack-carousel-js-extra">
2439var jetpackSwiperLibraryPath = {"url":"/wp-content/mu-plugins/jetpack-plugin/sun/_inc/blocks/swiper.js"};
2440var jetpackCarouselStrings = {"widths":[370,700,1000,1200,1400,2000],"is_logged_in":"","lang":"en","ajaxurl":"https://globalanticorruptionblog.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"6054c8e67a","display_exif":"1","display_comments":"1","single_image_gallery":"1","single_image_gallery_media_file":"","background_color":"black","comment":"Comment","post_comment":"Post Comment","write_comment":"Write a Comment...","loading_comments":"Loading Comments...","image_label":"Open image in full-screen.","download_original":"View full size \u003Cspan class=\"photo-size\"\u003E{0}\u003Cspan class=\"photo-size-times\"\u003E\u00d7\u003C/span\u003E{1}\u003C/span\u003E","no_comment_text":"Please be sure to submit some text with your comment.","no_comment_email":"Please provide an email address to comment.","no_comment_author":"Please provide your name to comment.","comment_post_error":"Sorry, but there was an error posting your comment. Please try again later.","comment_approved":"Your comment was approved.","comment_unapproved":"Your comment is in moderation.","camera":"Camera","aperture":"Aperture","shutter_speed":"Shutter Speed","focal_length":"Focal Length","copyright":"Copyright","comment_registration":"0","require_name_email":"1","login_url":"https://anticorruptionblog.wordpress.com/wp-login.php?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalanticorruptionblog.com%2F2026%2F06%2F16%2Fcall-centers-cash-and-power-georgias-hidden-political-economy-revised%2F","blog_id":"62470674","meta_data":["camera","aperture","shutter_speed","focal_length","copyright"],"stats_query_args":"blog=62470674&v=wpcom&tz=-4&user_id=0&arch_home=1&subd=anticorruptionblog","is_public":"1"};
2441//# sourceURL=jetpack-carousel-js-extra
2442</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2442
2442
2443<script crossorigin='anonymous' type='text/javascript'  src='/_static/??-eJydjDEOwjAMAD9E6iAqVQyIp6CQGnDqOCGOhfg9S8vExHin08Gruliko3TI5irbnUSBaUGFp6HhI8jM2IakO/gdJ+w1xGVlUBO4kES4GvEMJDcS6ug0tsK88XvIJH9PY2jFFPmbbWK9nvNpPx29n/xhHNMHLSxVXA=='></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2443
2443
2444<script data-wp-strategy="defer" defer id="tiled-gallery-js" src="/wp-content/mu-plugins/jetpack-plugin/sun/_inc/build/tiled-gallery/tiled-gallery/tiled-gallery.min.js?m=1755011788i&#038;ver=16.3-a.4"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2444
2444
2445<script id="sharing-js-js-extra">
2446var sharing_js_options = {"lang":"en","counts":"1","is_stats_active":"1"};
2447//# sourceURL=sharing-js-js-extra
2448</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2448
2448
2449<script crossorigin='anonymous' type='text/javascript'  src='/_static/??/wp-content/mu-plugins/jetpack-plugin/sun/_inc/build/sharedaddy/sharing.min.js,/wp-content/mu-plugins/carousel-wpcom/carousel-wpcom.js?m=1787944794j'></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2449
2449
2450<script id="sharing-js-js-after">
2451window.WPCOM_sharing_popups = window.WPCOM_sharing_popups || {};
2452window.WPCOM_sharing_popups[ "twitter" ] = "menubar=1,resizable=1,width=600,height=350";
2453window.WPCOM_sharing_popups = window.WPCOM_sharing_popups || {};
2454window.WPCOM_sharing_popups[ "facebook" ] = "menubar=1,resizable=1,width=600,height=400";
2455window.WPCOM_sharing_popups = window.WPCOM_sharing_popups || {};
2456window.WPCOM_sharing_popups[ "tumblr" ] = "menubar=1,resizable=1,width=450,height=450";
2457//# sourceURL=sharing-js-js-after
2458</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2458
2458
2459<script id="wp-emoji-settings" type="application/json">
2460{"baseUrl":"https://s0.wp.com/wp-content/mu-plugins/wpcom-smileys/twemoji/2/72x72/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https://s0.wp.com/wp-content/mu-plugins/wpcom-smileys/twemoji/2/svg/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-release.min.js?m=1783090810i&ver=7.1.1-alpha-63587"}}
2461</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 2461
2461
2462<script type="module">
2463/*! This file is auto-generated */
2464var e="script#wp-emoji-settings",t=document.querySelector(e);if(!(t instanceof HTMLScriptElement))throw new Error("Element missing: "+e);const r=JSON.parse(t.text),s=(window._wpemojiSettings=r,"wpEmojiSettingsSupports"),o=["flag","emoji"];function i(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(s,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function c(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0);const r=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);return t.every((e,t)=>e===r[t])}function p(e,t){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var n=e.getImageData(16,16,1,1);for(let e=0;e<n.data.length;e++)if(0!==n.data[e])return!1;return!0}function u(e,t,n,r){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf6","\ud83c\udde8\u200b\ud83c\uddf6")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!r(e,"\ud83e\u1fac8")}return!1}function f(e,t,n,r){let a;const s=(a="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):document.createElement("canvas")).getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(s.textBaseline="top",s.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(e=>{o[e]=t(s,e,n,r)}),o}function a(e){var t=document.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,document.head.appendChild(t)}r.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},new Promise(t=>{let n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(s));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(o),u.toString(),c.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"});const a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=e=>{i(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}i(n=f(o,u,c,p))}t(n)}).then(e=>{for(const n in e)r.supports[n]=e[n],r.supports.everything=r.supports.everything&&r.supports[n],"flag"!==n&&(r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&r.supports[n]);var t;r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!r.supports.flag,r.supports.everything||((t=r.source||{}).concatemoji?a(t.concatemoji):t.wpemoji&&t.twemoji&&(a(t.twemoji),a(t.wpemoji)))});
2465//# sourceURL=/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-loader.min.js
2466</script>
2466
2467		
2467<script type="text/javascript">
2468			(function() {
2469				var extend = function(out) {
2470					out = out || {};
2471
2472					for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
2473						if (!arguments[i])
2474						continue;
2475
2476						for (var key in arguments[i]) {
2477						if (arguments[i].hasOwnProperty(key))
2478							out[key] = arguments[i][key];
2479						}
2480					}
2481
2482					return out;
2483				};
2484				extend( window.infiniteScroll.settings.scripts, ["jetpack-mu-wpcom-settings","rlt-proxy","wpcom-actionbar-placeholder","grofiles-cards","wpgroho","jetpack_likes_queuehandler","the-neverending-homepage","jetpack-carousel","tiled-gallery","sharing-js","carousel-wpcom"] );
2485				extend( window.infiniteScroll.settings.styles, ["jetpack_likes","the-neverending-homepage","coblocks-frontend","wpcom-core-compat-playlist-styles","wpcom-bbpress2-staff-css","twentyeleven-block-style","twentyeleven-wpcom-style","reblogging","geo-location-flair","infinity-twentyeleven","sharedaddy","social-logos","h4-global","wp-img-auto-sizes-contain","wp-emoji-styles","wp-block-library","classic-theme-styles","wp-block-styles-placeholder","coblocks-inline-format","wp-global-styles-placeholder","jetpack-global-styles-frontend-style","wp-block-list-item","wp-block-list-item-theme","wp-block-quote","wp-block-quote-theme","wp-block-list","wp-block-list-theme","wp-block-paragraph","wp-block-paragraph-theme","global-styles","jetpack-swiper-library","jetpack-carousel","tiled-gallery","jetpack-subscriptions","core-block-supports-duotone"] );
2486			})();
2487		</script>
2487
2488				<span id="infinite-aria" aria-live="polite"></span>
2489			<iframe src='https://widgets.wp.com/likes/master.html?ver=20260924#ver=20260924' scrolling='no' id='likes-master' name='likes-master' style='display:none;'></iframe>
2490	<div id='likes-other-gravatars' role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="likes-text"><span>%d</span></div><ul class="wpl-avatars sd-like-gravatars"></ul></div>
2491	
2491<script src="//stats.wp.com/w.js?69" defer></script>
2491 
2491<script type="text/javascript">
2492_tkq = window._tkq || [];
2493_stq = window._stq || [];
2494_tkq.push(['storeContext', {'blog_id':'62470674','blog_tz':'-4','user_lang':'en','blog_lang':'en','user_id':'0'}]);
2495		// Prevent sending pageview tracking from WP-Admin pages.
2496		_stq.push(['view', {'blog':'62470674','v':'wpcom','tz':'-4','user_id':'0','arch_home':'1','subd':'anticorruptionblog'}]);
2497		_stq.push(['extra', {'crypt':'UE5tW3cvZGQ/JUs1UEo3MlhbTHVDVTRvbmM3RjIzb05bci89VFVBXWJyUHxLW3UxSX56MnYtbG02L2cuPWpdMjI2eHFTTy1BLm0tclddQTNWaltZcE1YbUxQM2RmZFoyT1ZXZy5JXWM/ZHpHMnkzNmhPOVNSTFdiZE9MYXQ2RVZXdUd1S1FDL0ZdanpMY3ppLkJVXSZ0V0wyakJLdEdsMVZiTFMlSXVnZD1Wak13Vj0rTzlGPy1+R2lzaU5ac0J4TGVTSklILTQ0LHZPVl12YitdTiVmYU5ZMnlQSHUrUXJ1MHdfZWZlajgmZjUtd25vJg=='}]);
2498_stq.push([ 'clickTrackerInit', '62470674', '0' ]);
2499</script>
2499
2500<noscript><img src="https://pixel.wp.com/b.gif?v=noscript" style="height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;bottom:1px;" alt="" /></noscript>
2501<meta id="bilmur" property="bilmur:data" content="" data-provider="wordpress.com" data-service="simple" data-site-tz="America/New_York" data-custom-props="{&quot;logged_in&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;wptheme&quot;:&quot;pub\/twentyeleven&quot;,&quot;wptheme_is_block&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}"   >
2502		
2502<script defer src="/wp-content/js/bilmur.min.js?i=19&amp;m=202639"></script>
2502 	
2503</body>
2504</html>
2505<!--
2506	generated in 0.272 seconds
2507	240918 bytes batcached for 300 seconds
2508-->

Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.