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113x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__hero-full/application_TOPTICA_%[email protected] 2x" width="1920" height="1071" type="image/webp" /> 114 <source srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__hero-full/application_TOPTICA_%202-photon-microscopy_16x9_w2560.8b081644.png 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__hero-full/application_TOPTICA_%[email protected] 2x" width="1920" height="1071" type="image/png" /> 115 <img class="w-full h-full object-cover object-bottom" src="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__hero-full/application_TOPTICA_%202-photon-microscopy_16x9_w2560.8b081644.png" width="1920" height="1071" alt="" loading="lazy" srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__hero-full/application_TOPTICA_%202-photon-microscopy_16x9_w2560.8b081644.png 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__hero-full/application_TOPTICA_%[email protected] 2x" /> 116</picture> 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 </div> 124 125 <div class="absolute inset-0 hidden md:block lg:hidden"> 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 </div> 140 141 <div class="absolute inset-0 block md:hidden"> 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 </div> 156 157 </div> 158 </div> 159 <div class="lg:absolute inset-0 w-full lg:w-1/2 h-full bg-black/60 z-0"></div> 160 <div class="relative grid grid-cols-4 sm:grid-cols-12 container max-w-xs sm:max-w-xl md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-4xl xl:max-w-7xl mx-auto gap-4 sm:gap-5 md:gap-6 py-14 lg:py-4 bg-black lg:bg-transparent"> 161 <div class="col-span-12 lg:col-span-6 lg:min-h-screen lg:overflow-hidden z-10"> 162 <div class="container h-full relative lg:flex xl:block"> 163 <div class="lg:self-center xl:top-1/5 relative flex flex-col justify-left gap-10"> 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171<div class="relative flex items-stretch gap-4 overflow-x-clip"> 172 <div class="flex-shrink-0 w-4 md:w-5 bg-primary js-hero-animation-target"></div> 173 174 <div class="flex-1 space-y-4 pt-0 js-hero-animation-headline"> 175 <h1 class="text-title-sm md:text-title-md lg:text-title-lg font-bold text-white text-trim"> 176 177 Two-Photon Microscopy (TPEF) 178 </h1> 179 180 <div class="text-subtitle-sm md:text-subtitle-md lg:text-subtitle-lg font-light text-white text-trim mt-4 md:mt-5"> 181 182 Illuminating Life in Depth 183 </div> 184 </div> 185</div> 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 </div> 193 </div> 194 </div> 195 </div> 196</section> 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212<section class="bg-black pt-[66px] md:pt-[60px] lg:pt-[110px] pb-[66px] md:pb-[60px] lg:pb-[110px] " data-spacing-top="medium" data-spacing-bottom="medium"> 213 <div class="grid grid-cols-4 sm:grid-cols-12 container max-w-xs sm:max-w-xl md:max-w-3xl lg:max-w-4xl xl:max-w-7xl mx-auto gap-4 sm:gap-5 md:gap-6 py-4"> 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 <h2 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] -mb-4 sm:-mb-5 md:-mb-6 text-heading-lg-sm md:text-heading-lg-md lg:text-heading-lg-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 226 227 Seeing deeper, clearer, gentler 228 </h2> 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>The most fascinating biological processes often happen deep inside living tissue, which light normally cannot reach due to scattering and absorption. Two-Photon Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy (TPEF) breaks this barrier, allowing scientists to image intact organisms, live cells, and even neuronal networks hundreds of micrometers beneath the surface â without damage or distortion.</p> 255<p>Two-photon microscopy combines the precision of laser scanning with the power of nonlinear optics to visualize with sub-cellular resolution in depth, in 3D, and in real-time.<br />And at the heart of this revolutionary imaging technique lies the femtosecond laser â delivering pulses of light ultra-short and intense enough to excite fluorescence with two photons at once.</p></div> 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 </div> 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 <h2 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] text-heading-lg-sm md:text-heading-lg-md lg:text-heading-lg-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 290 291 The principle: Two photons, one excitation 292 </h2> 293 294 295 296 297 298 </div> 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313<div class="col-span-12 md:col-span-6 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 <figure> 322 <picture > 323 <source srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__product-head/application_TOPTICA_%202-photon-microscopy_16x9_w2560.1d7f878d.webp 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__product-head/application_TOPTICA_%[email protected] 2x" width="640" height="357" type="image/webp" /> 324 <source srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__product-head/application_TOPTICA_%202-photon-microscopy_16x9_w2560.ac22714e.png 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__product-head/application_TOPTICA_%[email protected] 2x" width="640" height="357" type="image/png" /> 325 <img src="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__product-head/application_TOPTICA_%202-photon-microscopy_16x9_w2560.ac22714e.png" width="640" height="357" alt="Image: Dr. Hans-Ulrich Fried, DZNE Bonn, Germany" title="Image: Dr. Hans-Ulrich Fried, DZNE Bonn, Germany" loading="lazy" srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__product-head/application_TOPTICA_%202-photon-microscopy_16x9_w2560.ac22714e.png 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/892/image-thumb__892__product-head/application_TOPTICA_%[email protected] 2x" /> 326</picture> 327
328 <figcaption class="mt-3 text-sm text-gray-400 italic">Image: Dr. Hans-Ulrich Fried, DZNE Bonn, Germany</figcaption> 329 </figure> 330 331 332 333 334 335 </div> 336<div class="col-span-12 md:col-span-6 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>In conventional (single-photon) fluorescence microscopy, a fluorophore absorbs a single high-energy photon to reach its excited state.<br />In two-photon microscopy, the same excitation occurs through the simultaneous absorption of two photons of lower energy â typically in the near-infrared (NIR) region.</p> 346<p>The likelihood of two-photon absorption is intensity dependent and it can only happen at the focal point of a tightly focused femtosecond laser beam.<br />As a result:</p> 347<ul> 348<li>Excitation is confined to a tiny focal volume, eliminating the need for a pinhole or confocal aperture in the detection scheme.</li> 349<li>Photobleaching and photodamage outside the focus are drastically reduced.</li> 350<li>Scattering is minimized, allowing imaging much deeper into biological tissue.</li> 351</ul></div> 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 </div> 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>By scanning the focal point in three dimensions, researchers obtain high-resolution, optically sectioned images â just like in confocal microscopy, but with far greater depth and gentleness.</p></div> 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 </div> 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 <h3 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] text-heading-sm-sm md:text-heading-sm-md lg:text-heading-sm-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 417 418 Why two-photon microscopy matters 419 </h3> 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>Two-photon microscopy has transformed biophotonics, neuroscience, and clinical imaging, offering a unique combination of optical sectioning, deep tissue penetration, and live-cell compatibility.</p> 433<p>Its key advantages include:</p> 434<ul> 435<li>Deeper penetration depth (up to 1 mm or even more)</li> 436<li>Reduced phototoxicity and photobleaching, ideal for live tissue imaging.</li> 437<li>No pinhole required â intrinsic optical sectioning from nonlinear excitation.</li> 438<li>Better signal-to-noise ratio in scattering tissue, even at large depths.</li> 439<li>Simultaneous multi-color excitation of different dyes or auto-fluorescence using a single femtosecond source.</li> 440</ul> 441<p>For these reasons, TPEF is now a standard technique in neuroscience, developmental biology, and intravital imaging â enabling researchers to study live systems as they function in real time.</p></div> 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 </div> 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463<div class="col-span-12 pt-[25px] flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 <h3 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] text-heading-sm-sm md:text-heading-sm-md lg:text-heading-sm-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 476 477 Typical biological samples in two-photon imaging 478 </h3> 479 480 481 482 483 484 </div> 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499<div class="col-span-12 md:col-span-6 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 <figure> 508 <picture > 509 <source srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1671/image-thumb__1671__product-head/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_typical-biological-samples_16x9_w1920.e4774b9d.webp 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1671/image-thumb__1671__product-head/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_typical-biological-samples_16x9_w1920@2x.e4774b9d.webp 2x" width="640" height="360" type="image/webp" /> 510 <source srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1671/image-thumb__1671__product-head/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_typical-biological-samples_16x9_w1920.ab340c5e.png 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1671/image-thumb__1671__product-head/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_typical-biological-samples_16x9_w1920@2x.ab340c5e.png 2x" width="640" height="360" type="image/png" /> 511 <img src="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1671/image-thumb__1671__product-head/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_typical-biological-samples_16x9_w1920.ab340c5e.png" width="640" height="360" alt="Data taken with FemtoFiber ultra 920 fiber delivery on Bergamo® II Multiphoton Microscope (Green and red channel)" title="Data taken with FemtoFiber ultra 920 fiber delivery on Bergamo® II Multiphoton Microscope (Green and red channel)" loading="lazy" srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1671/image-thumb__1671__product-head/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_typical-biological-samples_16x9_w1920.ab340c5e.png 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1671/image-thumb__1671__product-head/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_typical-biological-samples_16x9_w1920@2x.ab340c5e.png 2x" /> 512</picture> 513
514 <figcaption class="mt-3 text-sm text-gray-400 italic">Data taken with FemtoFiber ultra 920 fiber delivery on Bergamo® II Multiphoton Microscope (Green and red channel)</figcaption> 515 </figure> 516 517 518 519 520 521 </div> 522<div class="col-span-12 md:col-span-6 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>Two-photon microscopy excels at visualizing thick, living, or scattering samples that are challenging for conventional microscopy:</p> 532<ul> 533<li>Brain tissue â in vivo imaging of neuronal activity and synaptic dynamics.</li> 534<li>Zebrafish, Drosophila, or C. elegans embryos â developmental biology in transparent or semi-transparent organisms.</li> 535<li>Organoids and tissue explants â 3D model systems for organ development or disease.</li> 536<li>Vasculature and tumor microenvironments â blood flow, angiogenesis, and drug delivery.</li> 537<li>Skin and eye tissue â non-invasive optical biopsy and clinical imaging.</li> 538</ul> 539<p>The ability to visualize structures hundreds of micrometers deep in living samples has made two-photon microscopy indispensable for studying how cells, tissues, and networks behave in their natural context.</p></div> 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 </div> 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561<div class="col-span-12 pt-[25px] flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 <h3 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] text-heading-md-sm md:text-heading-md-md lg:text-heading-md-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 574 575 The power of femtosecond lasers 576 </h3> 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>To drive the nonlinear two-photon excitation process efficiently, the laser must deliver:</p> 590<ul> 591<li>High peak power (requiring typically femtosecond pulses).</li> 592<li>Diffraction-limited beam quality.</li> 593<li>Wavelength matching to the fluorophoreâs absorption.</li> 594<li>A repetition rate matched to the fluorescent lifetime of the dye (typically 20-80 MHz)</li> 595</ul> 596<p>Femtosecond fiber lasers have become the preferred light source for TPEF due to their stability, compactness, and hands-free operation â outperforming traditional Ti:Sapphire lasers in reliability and maintenance effort.</p></div> 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 </div> 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618<div class="col-span-12 pt-[25px] flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 <h3 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] text-heading-md-sm md:text-heading-md-md lg:text-heading-md-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 631 632 Recommended fixed wavelengths and fluorophores 633 </h3> 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 <figure> 646 <picture > 647 <source srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1670/image-thumb__1670__full-width-keep-aspect/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_recommended-fixed-wavelength_16x9_w1920.88fcd59d.webp 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1670/image-thumb__1670__full-width-keep-aspect/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_recommended-fixed-wavelength_16x9_w1920@2x.88fcd59d.webp 2x" width="1920" height="1080" type="image/webp" /> 648 <source srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1670/image-thumb__1670__full-width-keep-aspect/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_recommended-fixed-wavelength_16x9_w1920.8693b156.png 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1670/image-thumb__1670__full-width-keep-aspect/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_recommended-fixed-wavelength_16x9_w1920@2x.8693b156.png 2x" width="1920" height="1080" type="image/png" /> 649 <img src="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1670/image-thumb__1670__full-width-keep-aspect/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_recommended-fixed-wavelength_16x9_w1920.8693b156.png" width="1920" height="1080" alt="Most common markers matched to laser wavelength" title="Most common markers matched to laser wavelength" loading="lazy" srcset="/applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1670/image-thumb__1670__full-width-keep-aspect/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_recommended-fixed-wavelength_16x9_w1920.8693b156.png 1x, /applications/Life%20sciences%20and%20microscopy/Super-resolution-microscopy/two-photon-microscopy/1670/image-thumb__1670__full-width-keep-aspect/application-detail_TOPTICA_two-photon-counting_recommended-fixed-wavelength_16x9_w1920@2x.8693b156.png 2x" /> 650</picture> 651
652 <figcaption class="mt-3 text-sm text-gray-400 italic">Most common markers matched to laser wavelength</figcaption> 653 </figure> 654 655 656 657 658 659 </div> 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>Different fluorophores and fluorescent proteins require different excitation wavelengths.<br />Fixed-wavelength femtosecond fiber lasers at <strong>780 nm</strong>, <strong>920 nm</strong>, and <strong>1050 nm</strong> cover most common dyes or auto-fluorescent used probes in two-photon imaging:</p> 684<table style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;" border="1"><colgroup><col style="width: 20%;" /><col style="width: 40%;" /><col style="width: 40%;" /></colgroup> 685<tbody> 686<tr> 687<th><span style="margin-left: 15px;">Laser Wavelength</span></th> 688<th>Typical Fluorophores / Chromophores</th> 689<th>Application Examples</th> 690</tr> 691<tr> 692<td><strong><span style="margin-left: 15px;">780 nm</span></strong></td> 693<td>DAPI, Alexa Fluor 350, Fura-2, NADH</td> 694<td>Calcium imaging, DNA staining, metabolic imaging</td> 695</tr> 696<tr> 697<td><strong><span style="margin-left: 15px;">920 nm</span></strong></td> 698<td>GFP, Alexa Fluor 488, Oregon Green, GCaMP, Eosin, CFP, FAD</td> 699<td>Neuronal calcium imaging, cell tracking, metabolic imaging</td> 700</tr> 701<tr> 702<td><strong><span style="margin-left: 15px;">1050 nm</span></strong></td> 703<td>tdTomato, mCherry, Alexa 594, Rhodamine, RFP, mOrange</td> 704<td>Deep tissue red fluorescence imaging, dual-color imaging</td> 705</tr> 706</tbody> 707</table> 708<p>By selecting the appropriate wavelength, researchers can <strong>maximize signal strength, minimize tissue heating</strong>, and <strong>achieve optimal penetration depth</strong> for their specific application.</p></div> 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 </div> 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730<div class="col-span-12 md:col-span-6 pt-[25px] flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 <h3 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] text-heading-sm-sm md:text-heading-sm-md lg:text-heading-sm-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 743 744 Fiber lasers â Simplicity meets stability 745 </h3> 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>TOPTICAâs femtosecond fiber lasers combine fixed, biologically relevant wavelengths with robust fiber architecture â providing plug-and-play operation for demanding research and clinical environments.<br />Compared to bulky, alignment-sensitive Ti:Sapphire or OPO systems, TOPTICA's femtosecond fiber lasers offer:</p> 759<ul> 760<li><a href="#">Clean Pulse Technology</a> for highest fluorescence image brightness. </li> 761<li>Software-control of the group delay dispersion (GDD) pre-compensation</li> 762<li>An integrated acousto-optic modulator (AOM).</li> 763<li>Extremely compact and passively-cooled.</li> 764<li>Seamless integration through optional fiber delivery with <a href="#">COOL<sup>AC</sup></a>.</li> 765<li>Fast, hands-off startup and no user alignment.</li> 766<li>Consistent performance across months of operation.</li> 767<li>No noise or vibration (due to passive air cooling)</li> 768</ul> 769<p>The laser systems with fiber delivery route the laser beam directly into the microscope via polarization-maintaining hollow-core fibers. This drastically simplifies experimental setups and minimizes drift or vibration sensitivity. With TOPTICA's<strong> </strong><a href="#">COOL<sup>AC</sup></a> the lasers offer hands-off, automated fiber coupling that eliminates manual alignment at installation, optimizes fiber coupling at the touch of a button, and monitors fiber coupling efficiency completely internally without the need for external tools or equipment. Especially, miniaturized two-photon microscopes like Mini2P, benefit from this laser technology.</p></div> 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 </div> 777<div class="col-span-12 md:col-span-6 pt-[25px] flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 <h3 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] text-heading-sm-sm md:text-heading-sm-md lg:text-heading-sm-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 790 791 Simplifying the path to clinical two-photon imaging 792 </h3> 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p>Until recently, the complexity and cost of traditional ultrafast laser systems limited two-photon microscopy to specialized research labs.<br />Fiber-based femtosecond lasers are changing that paradigm â combining<strong> </strong>turnkey operation and robustness suitable for clinical and translational environments.</p> 806<p>This simplification is paving the way for clinical-grade two-photon imaging systems in dermatology, ophthalmology, histology, and endoscopy.</p> 807<h4><strong>Emerging Clinical Examples</strong></h4> 808<ul> 809<li>In vivo skin microscopy: Non-invasive imaging of collagen, elastin, and melanin structures in patients (see K. Montgomery, et al., <a class="external-link" target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-76908-7" rel="nofollow noopener">Handheld multiphoton and pinhole-free reflectance confocal microscopy enables noninvasive, real-time cross-sectional imaging in skin</a>; Nature (2024))</li> 810<li>Ophthalmic diagnostics: High-resolution imaging of retinal layers using near-infrared excitation</li> 811<li>Label-free pathology: Two-photon autofluorescence combined with SHG (Second Harmonic Generation) for real-time tissue characterization.</li> 812</ul> 813<p>The new generation of compact, fiber-coupled femtosecond lasers brings the promise of two-photon microscopy from the research bench to the clinical applications.</p></div> 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 </div> 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 <div class="col-span-12"> 844 <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-4 justify-start "> 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 <a href="/contact-an-expert" class="link-button inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-button-gap bg-[#141616] border-2 border-solid border-[#72797b] h-[66px] min-h-[66px] md:h-[60px] md:min-
854h-[60px] lg:h-[85px] lg:min-h-[85px] min-w-[312px] md:min-w-[340px] lg:min-w-[415px] px-[40px] lg:px-[75px] py-0 text-white font-bold text-button text-trim no-underline transition-colors hover:border-primary active:border-primary focus-visible:border-primary focus-visible:outline-none" target="_blank" > 855 <span class="whitespace-nowrap text-trim">Contact an expert</span> 856 857 </a> 858 859 860 861 862 863 </div> 864 </div> 865 866 867 868 869 870 </div> 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885<div class="col-span-12 pt-[66px] md:pt-[60px] lg:pt-[110px] flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893<div class="w-full use-icon"> 894 <div class="border-b border-toptica-grey-4 pb-2 mb-5"> 895 <h2 class="text-link-list-title font-bold text-white"> 896 897 Scientific References 898 </h2> 899 </div> 900 901 <ul> 902 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 903 <h3> 904 <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41318683/" linktype="direct" text="High-throughput two-photon volumetric brain imaging in freely moving mice" path="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41318683/" target="_blank" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links">High-throughput two-photon volumetric brain imaging in freely moving mice</a> 905 </h3> 906 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 907 Long Qian, Yaling Liu, Yalan Chen, Jianglai Wu in Nat Commun. (November 2025)</p> 908 </li> 909 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 910 <h3> 911 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.30.6.060501" linktype="direct" text="Multimodal optical coherence tomography and two-photon light sheet fluorescence microscopy for embryo imaging" path="https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.30.6.060501" target="_blank" title="Multimodal optical coherence tomography and two-photon light sheet fluorescence microscopy for embryo imaging" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links">Multimodal optical coherence tomography and two-photon light sheet fluorescence microscopy for embryo imaging</a> 912 </h3> 913 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 914 Md Mobarak Karim et al., âMultimodal optical coherence tomography and two-photon light sheet fluorescence microscopy for embryo imagingâ, Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 30, Issue 6, 060501 (June 2025)</p> 915 </li> 916 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 917 <h3> 918 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTCON.515123" linktype="direct" text="Influence of laser pulse shape and cleanliness on two-photon microscopy" path="https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTCON.515123" target="_blank" title="Influence of laser pulse shape and cleanliness on two-photon microscopy" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links">Influence of laser pulse shape and cleanliness on two-photon microscopy</a> 919 </h3> 920 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 921 Shau Poh Chong and Peter Török, "Influence of laser pulse shape and cleanliness on two-photon microscopy," Opt. Continuum 3, 552-564 (2024)</p> 922 </li> 923 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 924 <h3> 925 <a href="https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/neurophotonics/volume-10/issue-04/044303/Evaluation-of-compact-pulsed-lasers-for-two-photon-microscopy-using/10.1117/1.NPh.10.4.044303.full" linktype="direct" text="Evaluation of compact pulsed lasers for two-photon microscopy using a simple method for measuring two-photon excitation efficie
925ncy" path="https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/neurophotonics/volume-10/issue-04/044303/Evaluation-of-compact-pulsed-lasers-for-two-photon-microscopy-using/10.1117/1.NPh.10.4.044303.full" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links">Evaluation of compact pulsed lasers for two-photon microscopy using a simple method for measuring two-photon excitation efficiency</a> 926 </h3> 927 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 928 Samir Saidi, Matthew Shtrahman, âEvaluation of compact pulsed lasers for two-photon microscopy using a simple method for measuring two-photon excitation efficiencyâ, Neurophotonics, Vol. 10, Issue 4, 044303 (November 2023)</p> 929 </li> 930 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 931 <h3> 932 <a href="https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)00197-0#" linktype="direct" text="Large-scale two-photon calcium imaging in freely moving mice" path="https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)00197-0#" target="_blank" title="Large-scale two-photon calcium imaging in freely moving mice" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links">Large-scale two-photon calcium imaging in freely moving mice</a> 933 </h3> 934 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 935 W. Zong, et al., Large-scale two-photon calcium imaging in freely moving mice, Cell https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.02.017 (2022)</p> 936 </li> 937 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 938 <h3> 939 <a href="https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-29-24-38979&id=464688" linktype="direct" text="High energy (>40 nJ), sub-100 fs, 950 nm laser for two-photon microscopy" path="https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-29-24-38979&id=464688" target="_blank" title="High energy (>40 nJ), sub-100 fs, 950 nm laser for two-photon microscopy" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links">High energy (>40 nJ), sub-100 fs, 950 nm laser for two-photon microscopy</a> 940 </h3> 941 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 942 Ruihong Dai , et al., High energy (>40 nJ), sub-100 fs, 950 nm laser for two-photon microscopy, Optics Express, Vol. 29, Issue 24 (2021)</p> 943 </li> 944 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 945 <h3> 946 <a href="https://opg.optica.org/boe/fulltext.cfm?uri=boe-12-9-5855" linktype="direct" text="Robust functional imaging of taste sensation with a Bessel beam" path="https://opg.optica.org/boe/fulltext.cfm?uri=boe-12-9-5855" target="_blank" title="Robust functional imaging of taste sensation with a Bessel beam" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links">Robust functional imaging of taste sensation with a Bessel beam</a> 947 </h3> 948 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:9.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 949 J. Han, et al., Robust functional imaging of taste sensation with a Bessel beam, Biomedical Optics Express 12, 5855 (2021)</p> 950 </li> 951 </ul> 952 953 954</div> 955 956 957 958 959 960 </div> 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994<div class="w-full use-icon"> 995 <div class="border-b border-toptica-grey-4 pb-2 mb-5"> 996 <h2 class="text-link-list-title font-bold text-white"> 997 998 Articles & Webinars 999 </h2> 1000 </div> 1001 1002 <ul> 1003 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 1004 <h3> 1005 <a href="https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/13856/1385603/Automated-femtosecond-fiber-delivery-for-multiphoton-microscopy/10.1117/12.3079745.short" linktype="direct" text="Automated femtosecond fiber delivery for multiphoton microscopy" path="https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/13856/1385603/Automated-femtosecond-fiber-delivery-for-multiphoton-microscopy/10.1117/12.3079745.short" target="_blank" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links">Automated femtosecond fiber delivery for multiphoton microscopy</a> 1006 </h3> 1007 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 1008 Laura Lohr and Joseph Mastron et al. in Proc. SPIE Paper 13856-12, Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XXVI, Conference 13856 (2026)</p> 1009 </li> 1010 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 1011 <h3> 1012 <a href="https://events.photonics.com/Presentation.aspx?EID=40&PID=1753" linktype="direct" text="Automated Femtosecond Fiber Delivery for Multiphoton Microscopy" path="https://events.photonics.com/Presentation.aspx?EID=40&PID=1753" target="_blank" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links">Automated Femtosecond Fiber Delivery for Multiphoton Microscopy</a> 1013 </h3> 1014 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 1015 Webinar, Luisa Hofmann, BioPhotonics (2025)</p> 1016 </li> 1017 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 1018 <h3> 1019 <a href="https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/12847/3002446/Femtosecond-fiber-delivery-at-920-nm-for-two-photon-microscopy/10.1117/12.3002446.full" linktype="direct" text="Femtosecond fiber delivery at 920 nm for two-photon microscopy" path="https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/12847/3002446/Femtosecond-fiber-delivery-at-920-nm-for-two-photon-microscopy/10.1117/12.3002446.full" target="_blank" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links">Femtosecond fiber delivery at 920 nm for two-photon microscopy</a> 1020 </h3> 1021 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 1022 Konrad Birkmeier, et al., Femtosecond fiber delivery at 920 nm for two-photon microscopy, Proc. SPIE 12847, Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XXIV, 1284703 (12 March 2024)</p> 1023 </li> 1024 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 1025 <h3> 1026 <a href="https://analyticalscience.wiley.com/content/article-do/simplifying-two-photon-microscopy" linktype="direct" text="Simplifying two-photon microscopy" path="https://analyticalscience.wiley.com/content/article-do/simplifying-two-photon-microscopy" target="_blank" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links">Simplifying two-photon microscopy</a> 1027 </h3> 1028 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 1029 Dr. Max Eisele, Wiley (2020)</p> 1030 </li> 1031 <li class="text-white text-link-list-link mb-2"> 1032 <h3> 1033 <a href="https://www.toptica.com/fileadmin/Editors_English/12_literature/02_biophotonics_microscopy_ultrafast/toptica_femtoFiber_ultra_920.pdf" linktype="direct" text="Next generation two-photon microscopy using the FemtoFiber ultra 920 fiber laser" path="https://www.toptica.com/fileadmin/Editors_English/12_literature/02_biophotonics_microscopy_ultrafast/toptica_femtoFiber_ultra_920.pdf" target="_blank" class="leading-easy font-bold text-white hover:text-primary transition-colors" aria-describedBy="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links">Next generation two-photon microscopy using the FemtoFiber ultra 920 fiber laser</a> 1034 </h3> 1035 <p id="link-description-main:2.content:19.content:1.links" class="text-white bg-transparent border-none outline-none w-full font-light leading-easy mb-9"> 1036 Dr. Max Eisele, Bernhard Wolfring "Next generation two-photon microscopy using the FemtoFiber ultra 920 fiber laser" (2019)</p> 1037 </li> 1038 </ul> 1039 1040 1041</div> 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 </div> 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071<div class='prose max-w-none prose-white prose-wysiwyg-links [&>*:first-child]:mt-0 use-icon'><p><strong>TOPTICA Photonics:</strong><br /><em>Bringing the light that lets us see deeper - into life, into function, into future.</em></p></div> 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 </div> 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093<div class="col-span-12 flex flex-col [&>.prose]:flex-grow"> 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 <h2 class="col-span-12 font-bold pb-[40px] lg:pb-[50px] text-heading-lg-sm md:text-heading-lg-md lg:text-heading-lg-lg mb-heading-sm md:mb-heading-md"> 1106 1107 Recommended Products 1108 </h2> 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 </div> 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 <div class="col-span-12"> 1127 1128 <div class="vue-swiper-slider-products col-span-12 bleed-full-width"> 1129 <related-products :products="[{"image":"<picture class=\"contents\">\n\t<source srcset=\"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20FD\/330\/image-thumb__330__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra-fd_main.1ca8f563.webp 1
1129x, \/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20FD\/330\/image-thumb__330__related-products\/[email protected] 2x\" width=\"240\" height=\"166\" type=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n\t<source srcset=\"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20FD\/330\/image-thumb__330__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra-fd_main.db1ee1ea.png 1x, \/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20FD\/330\/image-thumb__330__related-products\/[email protected] 2x\" width=\"240\" height=\"166\" type=\"image\/png\" \/>\n\t<img class=\"w-full h-full object-contain object-center\" src=\"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20FD\/330\/image-thumb__330__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra-fd_main.db1ee1ea.png\" width=\"240\" height=\"166\" alt=\"TOPTICA FemtoFiber ultra FD - Femtosecond fiber laser with fiber delivery 780 nm, 920 nm, 1050 nm\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20FD\/330\/image-thumb__330__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra-fd_main.db1ee1ea.png 1x, \/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20FD\/330\/image-thumb__330__related-products\/[email protected] 2x\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n","imageThumbnail":"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20FD\/330\/image-thumb__330__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra-fd_main.db1ee1ea.png","headline":"FemtoFiber ultra FD","description":"<div>Femtosecond fiber laser with fiber delivery<\/div>","link":"\/products\/femtosecond-lasers\/femtofiber-ultra-fd"},{"image":"<picture class=\"contents\">\n\t<source srcset=\"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20920\/329\/image-thumb__329__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra_b_main.9760ec4a.webp 1x, \/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20920\/329\/image-thumb__329__related-products\/[email protected] 2x\" width=\"240\" height=\"129\" type=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n\t<source srcset=\"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20920\/329\/image-thumb__329__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra_b_main.18ca218a.png 1x, \/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20920\/329\/image-thumb__329__related-products\/[email protected] 2x\" width=\"240\" height=\"129\" type=\"image\/png\" \/>\n\t<img class=\"w-full h-full object-contain object-center\" src=\"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20920\/329\/image-thumb__329__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra_b_main.18ca218a.png\" width=\"240\" height=\"129\" alt=\"TOPTICA FemtoFiber ultra 780 - 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Femtosecond fiber laser 780 nm\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20920\/329\/image-thumb__329__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra_b_main.18ca218a.png 1x, \/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20920\/329\/image-thumb__329__related-products\/[email protected] 2x\" \/>\n<\/picture>\n","imageThumbnail":"\/lasers\/femtosecond-lasers\/FemtoFiber%20ultra%20920\/329\/image-thumb__329__related-products\/product_TOPTICA_femtofiber-ultra_b_main.18ca218a.png","headline":"FemtoFiber ultra 780","description":"<div>Femtosecond fiber laser<\/div>","link":"\/products\/femtosecond-lasers\/femtofiber-ultra-780"}
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1570ssories","js.form.common.accessories.fiberout.label":"FiberOut - Fiber Output Coupler","js.form.common.accessories.fiberout.value":"FiberOut - Fiber Output Coupler","js.form.common.accessories.iwave.label":"iWave Add-On for iBeam smart","js.form.common.accessories.iwave.value":"iWave Add-On for iBeam smart","js.form.common.accessories.powersupply.label":"Power supply for iBeam smart","js.form.common.accessories.powersupply.value":"Power supply for iBeam smart","js.form.common.accessories.smartdock.description":"Coupling efficiency typ. 75%","js.form.common.accessories.smartdock.label":"SmartDock - Fiber Coupler for iBeam smart","js.form.common.accessories.smartdock.value":"SmartDock - Fiber Coupler for iBeam smart","js.form.common.application":"Application","js.form.common.application.placeholder":"Please select your application","js.form.common.application.required":"Application is required","js.form.common.category":"Category","js.form.common.city":"City","js.form.common.company":"Company \/ Institute","js.form.common.company.required":"Company \/ Institute is required","js.form.common.complete-selection":"Please complete your selection","js.form.common.country":"Country","js.form.common.country.defaultOption":"Please select your country","js.form.common.country.required":"Country is required","js.form.common.email":"E-Mail","js.form.common.email.already-subscribed":"E-mail already subscribed to newsletter","js.form.common.email.invalid":"Please enter a valid email address.","js.form.common.email.required":"Email is required","js.form.common.email.wrongFormat":"Wrong Email Format","js.form.common.exhibitionAppointment":"Please contact me to arrange an appointment during the exhibition","js.form.common.firstname":"First Name","js.form.common.guestTicket":"Please send me a guest ticket","js.form.common.lastname":"Last Name","js.form.common.lastname.required":"Last Name is required","js.form.common.message":"Message","js.form.common.message.placeholder":"Your message to us","js.form.common.message.required":"Message is required","js.form.common.name":"Name","js.form.common.options":"Options","js.form.common.options.cleanup-filter.label":"iBeam smart - CleanUp-Filter Add-On","js.form.common.options.cleanup-filter.value":"iBeam smart - CleanUp-Filter Add-On","js.form.common.options.pulse-option.label":"iBeam smart - Pulse Option","js.form.common.options.pulse-option.value":"iBeam smart - Pulse Option","js.form.common.options.wavelength-selection.label":"iBeam smart - Wavelength selection","js.form.common.options.wavelength-selection.value":"iBeam smart - Wavelength selection","js.form.common.personal-info":"Personal Information","js.form.common.productname":"Product Name","js.form.common.productvariant":"Product Variant","js.form.common.productvariant.defaultOption":"Please select a product variant","js.form.common.provide-update":"Provide an update","js.form.common.provide-update-description":"Have additional information? 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All other information is optional.","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.fiberout.description.option-1":"Fiber collimator with variable focus","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.fiberout.description.option-2":"Including collimation lens","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.fiberout.description.option-3":"Typical beam sizes out of SM-fibers: 0.6 mm - 3.5 mm (1\/e\u00b2, diameter)","
1570js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.iwave.description.option-1":"Available for iBeam smart 375nm - 515nm","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.iwave.description.option-2":"Add-On will reduce linewidth to typ. > 0.1nm","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.iwave.description.option-3":"With add-on, the output power will be typically 50% of original iBeam smart power specification.","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.powersupply.description.option-1":"Available for iBeam smart 375nm - 515nm","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.powersupply.description.option-2":"Add-On will reduce linewidth to typ. < 0.1nm","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.powersupply.description.option-3":"With add-on, the output power will be typically 50% of original iBeam smart power specification.","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.accessories.smartdock.description":"Coupling efficiency typ. 75%","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.options.cleanup-filter.description.option-1":"Available at 405 nm, 488 nm and 640 nm","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.options.cleanup-filter.description.option-2":"Typical bandwidth: 6-10 nm","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.options.pulse-option.description.option-1":"Allows external asynchronous digital modulation","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.options.pulse-option.description.option-2":"Modulation bandwidth up to 250 MHz","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.options.wavelength-selection.description.option-1":"Emission wavelength will be selected to better than \u00b1 1 nm within the standard wavelength range of the laser system","js.form.requestiBeamSmart.options.wavelength-selection.description.option-2":"PLEASE NOTE: please inquire, to make sure actual center wavelength is available! Increased lead-time is probable.","js.helpspot.submit-request.access-key":"Your Access Key","js.helpspot.submit-request.access-key-description":"The access key provided above can be used to check the status of your request. For quick access to updates bookmark this page.","js.helpspot.submit-request.description":"Please complete the form below detailing your request and a member of our support staff will respond as soon as possible.","js.helpspot.submit-request.label":"I agree to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.toptica.com\/toptica\/privacy-policy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class=\"text-primary underline hover:text-primary\">Privacy Policy<\/a>","js.helpspot.submit-request.phone":"Phone","js.helpspot.submit-request.request-details":"Request Details","js.helpspot.submit-request.required-field":"Please complete your selection","js.helpspot.submit-request.success":"Request submitted successfully!","js.helpspot.submit-request.title":"Submit a Request for Assistance"}; 1571 </script>
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