1<!DOCTYPE html> 2<html class="avada-html-layout-wide avada-html-header-position-left avada-has-site-width-percent avada-is-100-percent-template" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# fb: http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> 3<head> 4 <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> 5 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 6 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> 7 <title>Seven Countries Study – Since 1947. The first major study to look at dietary components and patterns and lifestyle as risk factors for cardiovascular disease, over multiple countries and extended periods of time.</title> 8<meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"> 9 <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> 10 <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="/widgetlogic.org"> 11<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Seven Countries Study » Feed" href="/feed/"> 12<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Seven Countries Study » Comments Feed" href="/comments/feed/"> 13 <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/favicon-scs.png" type="image/x-icon"> 14 15 <!-- Apple Touch Icon --> 16 <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/wp-content/uploads/favicon-117.png"> 17 18 <!-- Android Icon --> 19 <link rel="icon" sizes="192x192" href="/wp-content/uploads/favicon-57.png"> 20 21 <!-- MS Edge Icon --> 22 <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/wp-content/uploads/favicon-72.png"> 23 <meta name="description" content="What is the Seven Countries Study? 24The Seven Countries Study (SCS for short) is the first major study to investigate diet and lifestyle along with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, across contrasting countries and cultures and over an extended period of time. 25Find out more about the study, its"> 26 27 <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> 28 <meta property="og:type" content="website"> 29 <meta property="og:site_name" content="Seven Countries Study"> 30 <meta property="og:title"> 31 <meta property="og:description" content="What is the Seven Countries Study? 32The Seven Countries Study (SCS for short) is the first major study to investigate diet and lifestyle along with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, across contrasting countries and cultures and over an extended period of time. 33Find out more about the study, its"> 34 <meta property="og:url" content="/"> 35 <meta property="og:image" content="/wp-content/uploads/seven-countries-study-logo.png"> 36 <meta property="og:image:width" content="305"> 37 <meta property="og:image:height" content="105"> 38 <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png"> 39 <link rel="stylesheet" id="block-widget-css" href="/wp-content/plugins/widget-logic/block_widget/css/widget.css?ver=1725266951" type="text/css" media="all"> 40<link rel="stylesheet" id="fusion-dynamic-css-css" href="/wp-content/uploads/fusion-styles/8c978e8530aed5533c6c46f5fbf75723.min.css?ver=3.11.13" type="text/css" media="all"> 41<link rel="stylesheet" id="tooltip-css" href="/wp-content/plugins/TooltipPro/tooltip.css?ver=6.7.1" type="text/css" media="all"> 42<style id="tooltip-inline-css" type="text/css">span.glossaryLink, a.glossaryLink { 43 text-decoration:none !important; 44 border-bottom: dotted 2px #82c1d2 !important; 45 color: #043744 !important; 46 } 47 a.glossaryLink:hover { 48 border-bottom: solid 2px #065468 !important; 49 text-decoration:none !important; 50 color:#82c1d2 !important; 51 }</style>
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138 <div class="fusion-main-menu-container fusion-logo-menu-center"> 139 <nav class="fusion-main-menu" aria-label="Main Menu"><ul id="menu-navigation" class="fusion-menu"> 140<li id="menu-item-7792" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-7792 fusion-megamenu-menu " data-item-id="7792"> 141<a href="/about-the-study/" class="fusion-flex-link fusion-bottombar-highlight"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa-thumbtack fas fa-fw" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="menu-text">About the study</span></a><div class="fusion-megamenu-wrapper fusion-columns-3 columns-per-row-3 columns-3 col-span-12 fusion-megamenu-fullwidth"><div class="row"> 142<div class="fusion-megamenu-holder" style="width:1100px;" data-width="1100px"><ul class="fusion-megamenu"> 143<li id="menu-item-7795" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7795 fusion-megamenu-submenu fusion-megamenu-columns-3 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4"> 144<div class="fusion-megamenu-title"><span class="awb-justify-title">About the Seven Countries Study</span></div> 145<div class="fusion-megamenu-widgets-container second-level-widget"><div id="text-21" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> 146<p>The Seven Countries Study was conceived by Ancel Keys, a Minnesota physiologist, who in the mid-20th century brought together researchers from all over the world. It became a collective effort to study their joint questions about heart and vascular diseases among countries having varied traditional eating patterns and lifestyles.</p> 147<h3 class="icon_origin">Origin & development</h3> 148<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/">
148More about how the study was conceived and the two phases of cardiovascular and healthy ageing epidemiology,</a></p> 149</div> 150 </div></div> 151</li> 152<li id="menu-item-7799" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7799 fusion-megamenu-submenu menu-item-has-link fusion-megamenu-columns-3 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4"> 153<div class="fusion-megamenu-title"><a class="awb-justify-title" href="/about-the-study/"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa-arrow-down fas" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>About the study</a></div> 154<div class="fusion-megamenu-widgets-container second-level-widget"><div id="text-23" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> 155<h3 class="icon_history">History</h3> 156<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/history">Read about half a century of scientific endeavor.</a></p> 157<h3 class="icon_design">Study design</h3> 158<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/study-design">Find out how the research team obtained its data.</a></p> 159<h3 class="icon_measurements">Measurements</h3> 160<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/measurements">Which medical, lifestyle and demographic factors were measured?</a></p> 161<h3 class="icon_countries">Countries</h3> 162<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/countries">Learn about the countries and cohorts studied in the SCS.</a></p> 163</div> 164 </div></div> 165</li> 166<li id="menu-item-7797" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7797 fusion-megamenu-submenu menu-item-has-link fusion-megamenu-columns-3 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4"> 167<div class="fusion-megamenu-title"><a class="awb-justify-title" href="/about-the-study/">About the study</a></div> 168<div class="fusion-megamenu-widgets-container second-level-widget"><div id="text-24" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> 169<h3 class="icon_investigators">Investigators</h3> 170<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/investigators">Meet the driving forces behind the conduct of the SCS.</a></p> 171<h3 class="icon_related">Related studies</h3> 172<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="http://sevencountriesstudy.com/about-the-study/related-studie">Browse the other studies that sprouted from the SCS.</a></p> 173<h3 class="icon_sponsors">Sponsors</h3> 174<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/sponsors">Scan the list of benefactors that made the SCS happen.</a></p> 175<h3 class="icon_coordination">Coordination</h3> 176<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/coordination-and-databases/">Who ran the SCS and the cohorts?</a></p> 177</div> 178 </div></div> 179</li> 180</ul></div> 181<div style="clear:both;"></div> 182</div></div> 183</li> 184<li id="menu-item-742" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-742 fusion-megamenu-menu " data-item-id="742"> 185<a href="/about-the-study/countries/" class="fusion-flex-link fusion-bottombar-highlight"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa-globe-europe fas fa-fw" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="menu-text">Countries</span></a><div class="fusion-megamenu-wrapper fusion-columns-2 columns-per-row-2 columns-2 col-span-12 fusion-megamenu-fullwidth"><div class="row"> 186<div class="fusion-megamenu-holder" style="width:1100px;" data-width="1100px"><ul class="fusion-megamenu"> 187<li id="menu-item-7807" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7807 fusion-megamenu-submenu menu-item-has-link fusion-megamenu-columns-2 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6"> 188<div class="fusion-megamenu-title"><a class="awb-justify-title" href="/about-the-study/countries/country-trends/">The 7 countries</a></div> 189<div class="fusion-megamenu-widgets-container second-level-widget"><div id="text-25" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> 190<p>The cohorts in the Seven Countries were chosen as cultures apparently contrasting in lifestyle, eating habits and risk factor levels.</p> 191<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/countries">Learn about the selection process.</a></p> 192<p><a href="/about-the-study/countries"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" src="/wp-content/uploads/Seven-countries-cohorts-menu.png" alt="" width="450" height="275" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-7993" srcset="/wp-content/uploads/Seven-countries-cohorts-menu-200x122.png 200w, /wp-content/uploads/Seven-countries-cohorts-menu-400x244.png 400w, /wp-content/uploads/Seven-countries-cohorts-menu.png 450w" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100v
192w, 450px"></a></p> 193</div> 194 </div></div> 195</li> 196<li id="menu-item-7808" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7808 fusion-megamenu-submenu menu-item-has-link fusion-megamenu-columns-2 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6"> 197<div class="fusion-megamenu-title"><a class="awb-justify-title" href="/about-the-study/countries/"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa-map-signs fas" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>Intro</a></div> 198<div class="fusion-megamenu-widgets-container second-level-widget"><div id="text-26" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> 199<h3 class="icon_navigation">The 7 Countries</h3> 200<ul class="fancy_list"> 201<li><a title="Countries â USA" href="/about-the-study/countries/countries-usa">USA</a></li> 202<li><a title="Countries â Finland" href="/about-the-study/countries/countries-finland">Finland</a></li> 203<li><a title="Countries â Netherlands" href="/about-the-study/countries/countries-netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> 204<li><a title="Countries â Italy" href="/about-the-study/countries/countries-italy">Italy</a></li> 205<li><a title="Countries â Greece" href="/about-the-study/countries/countries-greece">Greece</a></li> 206<li><a title="Countries â Yugoslavia" href="/about-the-study/countries/countries-yugoslavia">Former Yugoslavia</a></li> 207<li><a title="Countries â Japan" href="/about-the-study/countries/countries-japan">Japan</a></li> 208</ul> 209<h3 class="icon_trends">Country Trends</h3> 210<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/countries/country-trends">Explore the graphs with trends in CVD risk factors across time and cultures.</a></p> 211</div> 212 </div></div> 213</li> 214</ul></div> 215<div style="clear:both;"></div> 216</div></div> 217</li> 218<li id="menu-item-7794" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7794" data-item-id="7794"><a href="/about-the-study/investigators/" class="fusion-flex-link fusion-bottombar-highlight"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa-user-friends fas fa-fw" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="menu-text">Investigators</span></a></li> 219<li id="menu-item-743" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-743 fusion-megamenu-menu " data-item-id="743"> 220<a href="/study-findings/" class="fusion-flex-link fusion-bottombar-highlight fusion-has-highlight-label"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa-folder-open fas fa-fw" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="menu-text">Study findings<span class="fusion-menu-highlight-label" style="background-color:#f2dcc5;color:#000000;">84 main results</span></span></a><div class="fusion-megamenu-wrapper fusion-columns-3 columns-per-row-3 columns-3 col-span-12 fusion-megamenu-fullwidth"><div class="row"> 221<div class="fusion-megamenu-holder" style="width:1100px;" data-width="1100px"><ul class="fusion-megamenu"> 222<li id="menu-item-8185" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8185 fusion-megamenu-submenu menu-item-has-link fusion-megamenu-columns-3 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4"> 223<div class="fusion-megamenu-title"><a class="awb-justify-title" href="/study-findings/">Study findings</a></div> 224<div class="fusion-megamenu-widgets-container second-level-widget"><div id="text-27" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> 225<p>With hundreds of peer-reviewed publications, the Seven Countries Study generated an incredible amount of information. We’ve selected 84 main results and summarized them for you in our articles.</p> 226</div> 227 </div></div> 228</li> 229<li id="menu-item-2690" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2690 fusion-megamenu-submenu menu-item-has-link fusion-megamenu-columns-3 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4"> 230<div class="fusion-megamenu-title"><a class="awb-justify-title" href="/study-findings/coronary-heart-disease/">Early associations</a></div> 231<div class="fusion-megamenu-widgets-container second-level-widget"><div id="text-28" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> 232<h3 class="icon_cross">Cross-cultural findings</h3> 233<p>See the associations between diet, risk factors and coronary heart disease rates in the 16 cohorts of the Seven Countries Study</p> 234<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/cross-cultural">Early associations between cultures</a></p> 235<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/cross-cultural-25-year-findings">25-year and 50-year follow-up</a></p> 236<h3 class="icon_trends">Country Trends</h3> 237<p>Explore the graphs with trends in CVD risk factors across time and cultures.</p> 238<p><a class="icon_read-more" href="/about-the-study/countries/country-trends">Show country trends</a></p> 239</div> 240 </div></div> 241</li> 242<li id="menu-item-7754" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7754 fusion-megamenu-submenu menu-item-has-link fusion-megamenu-columns-3 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4"> 243<div class="fusion-megamenu-title"><a class="awb-justify-title" href="/study-findings/diabetes/">Search by topic</a></div> 244<div class="fusion-megamenu-widgets-container second-level-widget"><div id="text-46" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> 245<div class="tagcloud-menu"> 246<a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-20 tag-link-position-1" href="/category/lifestyle/alcohol/" aria-label="Alcohol (6 items)">Alcohol<span class="tag-link-count"> (6)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-25 tag-link-position-2" href="/category/disease-outcomes/all-cause-mortality/" aria-label="All-cause mortality (16 items)">All-cause mortality<span class="tag-link-count"> (16)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-13 tag-link-position-3" href="/category/c
246hd-risk-factors/blood-pressure/" aria-label="Blood pressure (8 items)">Blood pressure<span class="tag-link-count"> (8)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-14 tag-link-position-4" href="/category/chd-risk-factors/bmi/" aria-label="Body mass index (7 items)">Body mass index<span class="tag-link-count"> (7)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-22 tag-link-position-5" href="/category/disease-outcomes/cardiovascular-disease/" aria-label="Cardiovascular disease (30 items)">Cardiovascular disease<span class="tag-link-count"> (30)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-10 tag-link-position-6" href="/category/chd-risk-factors/cholesterol/" aria-label="Cholesterol (8 items)">Cholesterol<span class="tag-link-count"> (8)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-41 tag-link-position-7" href="/category/cohort/" aria-label="Cohort (12 items)">Cohort<span class="tag-link-count"> (12)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4 tag-link-position-8" href="/category/chd-risk-factors/" aria-label="CVD risk factors (31 items)">CVD risk factors<span class="tag-link-count"> (31)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-35 tag-link-position-9" href="/category/disease-outcomes/depression/" aria-label="Depression & Optimism (11 items)">Depression & Optimism<span class="tag-link-count"> (11)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-12 tag-link-position-10" href="/category/chd-risk-factors/diabetes/" aria-label="Diabetes (6 items)">Diabetes<span class="tag-link-count"> (6)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-3 tag-link-position-11" href="/category/diet/" aria-label="Diet (23 items)">Diet<span class="tag-link-count"> (23)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-18 tag-link-position-12" href="/category/diet/dietary-patterns/" aria-label="Dietary patterns (4 items)">Dietary patterns<span class="tag-link-count"> (4)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-23 tag-link-position-13" href="/category/disease-outcomes/" aria-label="Disease outcomes (13 items)">Disease outcomes<span class="tag-link-count"> (13)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-15 tag-link-position-14" href="/category/chd-risk-factors/ecg-predictors/" aria-label="ECG predictors (2 items)">ECG predictors<span class="tag-link-count"> (2)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-36 tag-link-position-15" href="/category/diet/fatty-acids/" aria-label="Fatty acids (5 items)">Fatty acids<span class="tag-link-count"> (5)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-48 tag-link-position-16" href="/category/diet/flavonoids/" aria-label="Flavonoids & lignans (5 items)">Flavonoids & lignans<span class="tag-link-count"> (5)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-17 tag-link-position-17" href="/category/diet/foods/" aria-label="Foods (7 items)">Foods<span class="tag-link-count"> (7)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-30 tag-link-position-18" href="/category/disease-outcomes/functional-outcomes/" aria-label="Functional outcomes (10 items)">Functional outcomes<span class="tag-link-count"> (10)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-34 tag-link-position-19" href="/category/healthy-aging/" aria-label="Healthy aging (38 items)">Healthy aging<span class="tag-link-count"> (38)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-11 tag-link-position-20" href="/category/lifestyle/" aria-label="Lifestyle (25 items)">Lifestyle<span class="tag-link-count"> (25)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-28 tag-link-position-21" href="/category/disease-outcomes/mental-health/" aria-label="Mental health (11 items)">Mental health<span class="tag-link-count"> (11)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-16 tag-link-position-22" href="/category/diet/nutrients/" aria-label="Nutrients (8 items)">Nutrients<span class="tag-link-count"> (8)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-21 tag-link-position-23" href="/category/lifestyle/physical-activity/" aria-label="Physical activity (9 items)">Physical activity<span class="tag-link-count"> (9)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-29 tag-link-position-24" href="/category/disease-outcomes/self-rated-health/" aria-label="Self
246-rated health (2 items)">Self-rated health<span class="tag-link-count"> (2)</span></a> <a class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-19 tag-link-position-25" href="/category/lifestyle/smoking/" aria-label="Smoking (11 items)">Smoking<span class="tag-link-count"> (11)</span></a> 247</div> 248</div> 249 </div></div> 250</li> 251</ul></div> 252<div style="clear:both;"></div> 253</div></div> 254</li> 255<li id="menu-item-739" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-739" data-item-id="739"><a href="/study-findings/publications/" class="fusion-flex-link fusion-bottombar-highlight"><span class="fusion-megamenu-icon"><i class="glyphicon fa-book-open fas fa-fw" aria-hidden="true"></i></span><span class="menu-text">Books & publications</span></a></li> 256</ul></nav><div class="fusion-flyout-menu-icons fusion-flyout-mobile-menu-icons"> 257 258 259 260 <a class="fusion-flyout-menu-toggle" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Toggle Menu" href="#"> 261 <div class="fusion-toggle-icon-line"></div> 262 <div class="fusion-toggle-icon-line"></div> 263 <div class="fusion-toggle-icon-line"></div> 264 </a> 265 </div> 266 267 268<div class="fusion-flyout-menu-bg"></div> 269 270<nav class="fusion-mobile-nav-holder fusion-flyout-menu fusion-flyout-mobile-menu" aria-label="Main Menu Mobile"></nav> 271 272 </div> 273 274 275 276 <div class="side-header-content side-header-content-3"> 277 278<div class="fusion-header-content-3-wrapper"> 279 <div class="fusion-header-banner"> 280 <p style="color:#fff"><a href="/"><span class="context-menu">Home</span></a> 281 | <a href="/about-the-website/"><span class="context-menu">About the website</span></a> 282 | <a href="/sitemap"><span class="context-menu">Sitemap</span></a> 283 | <a href="/glossary/"><span class="context-menu">Glossary</span></a> 284 </p> </div> 285 </div> 286 </div> 287 288 </div> 289 </div> 290 <style>.side-header-styling-wrapper > div { 291 display: none !important; 292 } 293 294 .side-header-styling-wrapper .side-header-background-image, 295 .side-header-styling-wrapper .side-header-background-color, 296 .side-header-styling-wrapper .side-header-border { 297 display: block !important; 298 }</style> 299 <div class="side-header-styling-wrapper" style="overflow:hidden;"> 300 <div class="side-header-background-image"></div> 301 <div class="side-header-background-color"></div> 302 <div class="side-header-border"></div> 303 </div> 304</div> 305 306 307 <div id="sliders-container" class="fusion-slider-visibility"> 308 </div> 309 310 311 312 <section class="avada-page-titlebar-wrapper" aria-label="Page Title Bar"> 313 <div class="fusion-page-title-bar fusion-page-title-bar-breadcrumbs fusion-page-title-bar-left"> 314 <div class="fusion-page-title-row"> 315 <div class="fusion-page-title-wrapper"> 316 <div class="fusion-page-title-captions"> 317 318 319 320 </div> 321 322 323 </div> 324 </div> 325 </div> 326</section> 327 328 <main id="main" class="clearfix width-100"> 329 <div class="fusion-row" style="max-width:100%;"> 330<section id="content" class="full-width"> 331 <div id="post-15" class="post-15 page type-page status-publish hentry"> 332 <span class="entry-title rich-snippet-hidden">Home</span> <div class="post-content"> 333 <div class="fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling" style="--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;"><div class="fusion-builder-row fusion-row"> 334<div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-first" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:48%; margin-right: 4%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy"> 335<div class="fusion-text fusion-text-1"> 336<h1 style="padding-top: 0;">What is the Seven Countries Study?</h1> 337<p style="font-size: 1.2em;">The Seven Countries Study (SCS for short) is the first major study to investigate diet and lifestyle along with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, across contrasting countries and cultures and over an extended period of time.</p> 338<p style="font-size: 1.2em;">Find out more about the <a href="/about-the-study/">study</a>, its <a href="/about-the-study/countries/">countries</a> and <a href="/about-the-study/investigators/">investigators</a> and the selection of 85 <a href="/study-findings/">study findings</a> from over 50 years of follow-up.</p> 339</div> 340<div class="fusion-slider-sc fusion-flexslider-loading flexslider flexslider-hover-type-none" data-sli
340deshow_autoplay="1" data-slideshow_smooth_height="0" data-slideshow_speed="7000" style="max-width:100%;height:100%;"><ul class="slides"> 341<li class="image"><span class="fusion-image-hover-element hover-type-none"><img decoding="async" src="/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-2.jpg" width="455" height="295" class="wp-image-5300" srcset="/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-2-300x194.jpg 300w, /wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-2.jpg 455w" sizes="(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px"></span></li> 342<li class="image"><span class="fusion-image-hover-element hover-type-none"><img decoding="async" src="/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-3.jpg" width="455" height="295" class="wp-image-5301" srcset="/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-3-300x194.jpg 300w, /wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-3.jpg 455w" sizes="(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px"></span></li> 343<li class="image"><span class="fusion-image-hover-element hover-type-none"><img decoding="async" src="/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-4.jpg" width="455" height="295" class="wp-image-5302" srcset="/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-4-300x194.jpg 300w, /wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-4.jpg 455w" sizes="(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px"></span></li> 344<li class="image"><span class="fusion-image-hover-element hover-type-none"><img decoding="async" src="/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-5.jpg" width="455" height="295" class="wp-image-5303" srcset="/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-5-300x194.jpg 300w, /wp-content/uploads/2013/03/seven-countries-study-5.jpg 455w" sizes="(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px"></span></li> 345</ul></div> 346<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 347</div></div> 348<div class="fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-one-half fusion-column-last" style="--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:70px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:48%;"><div class="fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy"> 349<div class="fusion-content-boxes content-boxes columns row fusion-columns-2 fusion-columns-total-2 fusion-content-boxes-1 content-boxes-icon-boxed content-left" style="--awb-margin-bottom:40px;--awb-hover-accent-color:#065468;--awb-circle-hover-accent-color:transparent;" data-animationoffset="top-into-view"> 350<div style="--awb-backgroundcolor:#f0f5f6;" class="fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-1 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-first-in-row"><div class="col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background content-wrapper-boxed link-area-link-icon link-type-button icon-hover-animation-none" data-animationoffset="top-into-view"> 351<div class="heading heading-with-icon icon-left"><a class="heading-link" href="/about-the-study" target="_self"><div class="icon" style="position:absolute;width: 100%;top:-72.5px;"><i style="background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 45px;line-height:normal;position:relative;left:auto;right:auto;top:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:45px;" aria-hidden="true" class="fontawesome-icon fa-info-circle fas circle-no"></i></div> 352<h2 class="content-box-heading" style="--h2_typography-font-size:25px;line-height:30px;">About the study</h2></a></div> 353<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 354<div class="content-container"> 355<div>Learn more about the history, study design and main study questions of the SCS.</div> 356</div> 357<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 358<a class="fusion-read-more-button fusion-content-box-button fusion-button button-default fusion-button-default-size button- button-flat" href="/about-the-study" target="_self"><span class="fusion-button-text">Read more about the study</span></a><div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 359</div></div> 360<div style="--awb-backgroundcolor:#f0f5f6;" class="fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-2 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last content-box-column-last-in-row"><div class="col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background content-wrapper-boxed link-area-link-icon link-type-button icon-hover-animation-none" data-animationoffset="top-into-view"> 361<div class="heading heading-with-icon icon-left"><a class="heading-link" href="/about-the-study/countries" target="_self"><div class="icon" style="position:absolute;width: 100%;top:-72.5px;"><i style="background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 45px;line-height:normal;position:relative;
361left:auto;right:auto;top:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:45px;" aria-hidden="true" class="fontawesome-icon fa-globe-americas fas circle-no"></i></div> 362<h2 class="content-box-heading" style="--h2_typography-font-size:25px;line-height:30px;">The 7 countries</h2></a></div> 363<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 364<div class="content-container"> 365<p><img decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-7989" src="/wp-content/uploads/Seven-countries-cohorts-home.png" alt="Countries" width="220" height="134" srcset="/wp-content/uploads/Seven-countries-cohorts-home-200x122.png 200w, /wp-content/uploads/Seven-countries-cohorts-home.png 220w" sizes="(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px"></p> 366</div> 367<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 368<a class="fusion-read-more-button fusion-content-box-button fusion-button button-default fusion-button-default-size button- button-flat" href="/about-the-study/countries" target="_self"><span class="fusion-button-text">Read more about the countries</span></a><div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 369</div></div> 370<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 371</div> 372<div class="fusion-content-boxes content-boxes columns row fusion-columns-2 fusion-columns-total-2 fusion-content-boxes-2 content-boxes-icon-boxed content-left" style="--awb-hover-accent-color:#065468;--awb-circle-hover-accent-color:transparent;" data-animationoffset="top-into-view"> 373<div style="--awb-backgroundcolor:#f0f5f6;" class="fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-1 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-first-in-row"><div class="col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background content-wrapper-boxed link-area-link-icon link-type-button icon-hover-animation-none" data-animationoffset="top-into-view"> 374<div class="heading heading-with-icon icon-left"><a class="heading-link" href="/study-findings" target="_self"><div class="icon" style="position:absolute;width: 100%;top:-72.5px;"><i style="background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 45px;line-height:normal;position:relative;left:auto;right:auto;top:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:45px;" aria-hidden="true" class="fontawesome-icon fa-folder-open fas circle-no"></i></div> 375<h2 class="content-box-heading" style="--h2_typography-font-size:23px;line-height:28px;">Study findings</h2></a></div> 376<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 377<div class="content-container"> 378<p>Discover what the SCS brought to light by reading about the main results.</p> 379</div> 380<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 381<a class="fusion-read-more-button fusion-content-box-button fusion-button button-default fusion-button-default-size button- button-flat" href="/study-findings" target="_self"><span class="fusion-button-text">All study findings</span></a><div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 382</div></div> 383<div style="--awb-backgroundcolor:#f0f5f6;" class="fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-2 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last content-box-column-last-in-row"><div class="col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background content-wrapper-boxed link-area-link-icon link-type-button icon-hover-animation-none" data-animationoffset="top-into-view"> 384<div class="heading heading-with-icon icon-left"><a class="heading-link" href="/about-the-study/investigators" target="_self"><div class="icon" style="position:absolute;width: 100%;top:-72.5px;"><i style="background-color:transparent;border-color:transparent;height:auto;width: 45px;line-height:normal;position:relative;left:auto;right:auto;top:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:45px;" aria-hidden="true" class="fontawesome-icon fa-users fas circle-no"></i></div> 385<h2 class="content-box-heading" style="--h2_typography-font-size:23px;line-height:28px;">Investigators</h2></a></div> 386<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 387<div class="content-container"> 388<p>Get to know the people behind the SCS, their relationships and careers.</p> 389</div> 390<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 391<a class="fusion-read-more-button fusion-content-box-button fusion-button button-default fusion-button-default-size button- button-flat" href="/about-the-study/investigators" target="_self"><span class="fusion-button-text">More about our investigators</span></a><div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 392</div></div> 393<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 394</div> 395<div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 396</div></div> 397</div></div> 398 </div> 399 </div> 400 </section> 401 402 </div> <!-- fusion-row --> 403 </main> <!-- #main --> 404 405 406 407 408 <div class="fusion-footer"> 409 410 <footer class="fusion-footer-widget-area fusion-widget-area"> 411 <div class="fusion-row"> 412 <div class="fusion-columns fusion-columns-4 fusion-widget-area"> 413 414 <div class="fusion-column col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-3"> 415 <section id="text-7" class="fusion-footer-widget-column widget widget_text"><h4 class="widget-title">The Seven Countries Study</h4> <div class="textwidget"> 416<p>The Seven Countries Study is the first major study to investigate diet and lifestyle along with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, across contrasting countries and cultures and over an extended period of time.</p> 417<p>We have results from over 50 years of follow-up.</p> 418<p><a href="/about-the-study/">More about the study</a></p> 419</div> 420 <div style="clear:both;"></div></section> </div> 421 <div class="fusion-column col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-3"> 422 <section id="text-10" class="fusion-footer-widget-column widget widget_text"><h4 class="widget-title">Most visited study findings</h4> <div class="textwidget"> 423<ul> 424<li><a href="https://sevencountriesstudy.com/serum-cholesterol-and-coronary-heart-disease">Serum cholesterol and coronary heart disease</a></li> 425<li><a href="https://sevencountriesstudy.com/mediterranean-style-diets-and-cardiovascular-disease">Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease</a></li> 426<li><a href="/blood-pressure-and-coronary-heart-disease/">Blood pressure and coronary heart disease</a></li> 427<li>
427<a title="Fish and cardiovascular disease" href="https://sevencountriesstudy.com/fish-and-coronary-heart-disease">Fish and cardiovascular disease</a></li> 428<li><a href="/tea-and-coronary-heart-disease/">Tea and cardiovascular disease</a></li> 429<li><a title="Chocolate and coronary heart disease" href="https://sevencountriesstudy.com/chocolate-and-coronary-heart-disease">Chocolate and cardiovascular disease</a></li> 430<li><a href="/ecg-predictors-and-coronary-heart-disease/">ECG predictors and CHD</a></li> 431<li><a href="/major-risk-factors-and-cardiovascular-disease/">Major risk factors and cardiovascular disease</a></li> 432<li><a href="/average-saturated-fat-intake-and-coronary-heart-disease-rates-in-the-16-cohorts/">Average saturated fat intake and 25-year coronary heart disease rates in the 16 cohorts</a></li> 433<li><a href="/trans-fat-and-coronary-heart-disease/">Trans fat and coronary heart disease</a></li> 434<li><a href="/dietary-patterns-and-all-cause-mortality/">Dietary patterns and all-cause mortality</a></li> 435<li><a href="/catechins-and-cardiovascular-disease/">Flavan-3-ols (catechins) and cardiovascular disease</a></li> 436</ul> 437</div> 438 <div style="clear:both;"></div></section> </div> 439 <div class="fusion-column col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-3"> 440 <section id="text-49" class="fusion-footer-widget-column widget widget_text"><h4 class="widget-title">Popular pages</h4> <div class="textwidget"> 441<ul> 442<li><a href="/about-the-study/investigators/ancel-keys/">Ancel Keys</a></li> 443<li><a href="/about-the-study/countries/">Countries and cohorts</a></li> 444<li><a href="/tag/mediterranean-diet/">The Mediterranean diet</a></li> 445<li><a href="/about-the-study/study-design/">Study design</a></li> 446<li><a href="/study-findings/cross-cultural/">Cross-cultural relationships</a></li> 447<li><a href="/about-the-study/countries/country-trends/">Country trends</a></li> 448</ul> 449</div> 450 <div style="clear:both;"></div></section> </div> 451 <div class="fusion-column fusion-column-last col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-3"> 452 <section id="text-48" class="fusion-footer-widget-column widget widget_text"><h4 class="widget-title">About this website</h4> <div class="textwidget"> 453<p>The aim of the Seven Countries Study website is to recount and illustrate the history and contributions of the study, including outcomes about risk factors, diet, lifestyle and health.</p> 454<p>See also the <a href="http://www.epi.umn.edu/cvdepi/">History of Heart Attack Prevention Research website.</a></p> 455</div> 456 <div style="clear:both;"></div></section> </div> 457 458 <div class="fusion-clearfix"></div> 459 </div> <!-- fusion-columns --> 460 </div> <!-- fusion-row --> 461 </footer> <!-- fusion-footer-widget-area --> 462 463 464 <footer id="footer" class="fusion-footer-copyright-area fusion-footer-copyright-center"> 465 <div class="fusion-row"> 466 <div class="fusion-copyright-content"> 467 468 <div class="fusion-copyright-notice"> 469 <div> 470 <div class="copyright_text"><p>Website made by <a href="https://www.theonlinescientist.com/" title="The Online Scientists | Websites, E-learning and Presentations for researchers" alt="The Online Scientists | Websites, E-learning and Presentations for researchers" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Online Scientist</a> © All rights reserved. </p></div> 471<p>This website was archived in January 2025 and is no longer maintained. The content is preserved for historical purposes and reflects the state of the project as of its last update. Some information may be outdated, links may no longer work, and no further updates or corrections will be made. For inquiries about the project, please consult the original publications. Use this resource with caution, as it may not represent current developments.</p> </div> 472</div> 473 474 </div> <!-- fusion-fusion-copyright-content --> 475 </div> <!-- fusion-row --> 476 </footer> <!-- #footer --> 477 </div> <!-- fusion-footer --> 478 479 480 </div> <!-- wrapper --> 481 </div> <!-- #boxed-wrapper --> 482 <a class="fusion-one-page-text-link fusion-page-load-link" tabindex="-1" href="#" aria-hidden="true">Page load link</a> 483 484 <div class="avada-footer-scripts"> 485
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