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15    <meta property="description" content="因为笔记本主板的设备很多，内核会不断探测，导致负载过高。
16[&hellip;] #编辑 /etc/default/grub 文件替换为 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=&#34;quiet module_blacklist=sdhci_pci,sdhci,ac,rtsx_usb_sdmmc,rtsx_usb video=eDP-1:d &amp;hellip;">
17    <meta property="og:description" content="因为笔记本主板的设备很多，内核会不断探测，导致负载过高。
18[&hellip;] #编辑 /etc/default/grub 文件替换为 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=&#34;quiet module_blacklist=sdhci_pci,sdhci,ac,rtsx_usb_sdmmc,rtsx_usb video=eDP-1:d &amp;hellip;">
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116                        <a href="/posts/%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%BF%E5%81%9Anas/">PVE折腾记录</a>
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119                      <div class="post-byline">
120                        Published on
121                        <a class="date" href="javascript:;"
122                          >2026/03/03</a
123                        >
124                             
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126                    <div class="post-content">
127                      <h1 id="load负载虚高">load负载虚高</h1>
128<p>因为笔记本主板的设备很多，内核会不断探测，导致负载过高。</p>
129<h2 id="解决">解决</h2>
130<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="background-color:#fff;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span style="display:flex;"><span>
131</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#57606a">#编辑 /etc/default/grub 文件替换为</span>
132</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#953800">GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT</span><span style="color:#0550ae">=</span><span style="color:#0a3069">&#34;quiet module_blacklist=sdhci_pci,sdhci,ac,rtsx_usb_sdmmc,rtsx_usb video=eDP-1:d acpi_enforce_resources=lax&#34;</span>
133</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
134</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#57606a">#然后执行</span>
135</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>update-grub <span style="color:#0550ae">&amp;&amp;</span> reboot
136</span></span></code></pre></div><p>以下是AI对此的解释：</p>
137<h3 id="1-存储与读卡器驱动屏蔽解决-load-高的关键">1. 存储与读卡器驱动屏蔽（解决 Load 高的关键）</h3>
138<p>这部分解决了你之前在 <code>ps</code> 和 <code>stack</code> 中看到的 <code>kworker</code> 进程陷入 <strong>D 状态（不可中断睡眠）</strong> 的问题。</p>
139<ul>
140<li>
141<p><strong><code>module_blacklist=sdhci_pci,sdhci</code></strong>：</p>
142<ul>
143<li>
144<p><strong>作用</strong>：禁止内核加载 PCIe 总线的 SD/eMMC 控制器驱动。</p>
145</li>
146<li>
147<p><strong>原因</strong>

147：你的主板 eMMC 芯片物理缺失，内核不断尝试初始化它会导致 <code>Failed to initialize</code> 报错并阻塞进程。</p>
148</li>
149</ul>
150</li>
151<li>
152<p><strong><code>rtsx_usb_sdmmc,rtsx_usb</code></strong>：</p>
153<ul>
154<li>
155<p><strong>作用</strong>：禁用 Realtek USB 接口的内置读卡器驱动。</p>
156</li>
157<li>
158<p><strong>原因</strong>：堆栈显示 <code>rtsx_usb_sdmmc</code> 正在不断进行 <code>mmc_rescan</code>（重新扫描），试图寻找不存在的 SD 卡，这是导致你最后 1.5 负载的真凶。</p>
159</li>
160</ul>
161</li>
162</ul>
163<hr>
164<h3 id="2-电源与显示输出优化">2. 电源与显示输出优化</h3>
165<p>针对你裸板运行、无电池、无屏幕的物理现状进行清理。</p>
166<ul>
167<li>
168<p><strong><code>module_blacklist=...,ac</code></strong>：</p>
169<ul>
170<li>
171<p><strong>作用</strong>：屏蔽 AC 适配器探测驱动。</p>
172</li>
173<li>
174<p><strong>原因</strong>：由于你采用短接开机且处于裸板模式，内核探测 AC 电源状态时会发生 <code>error -17</code>（资源忙）冲突。</p>
175</li>
176</ul>
177</li>
178<li>
179<p><strong><code>video=eDP-1:d</code></strong>：</p>
180<ul>
181<li>
182<p><strong>作用</strong>：强制禁用 eDP（笔记本内置显示屏）接口。</p>
183</li>
184<li>
185<p><strong>原因</strong>：显卡驱动 <code>i915</code> 会持续探测已拆掉的屏幕，产生 <code>failed to retrieve link info</code> 的日志冗余。</p>
186</li>
187</ul>
188</li>
189</ul>
190<hr>
191<h3 id="3-内核强制放行参数">3. 内核强制放行参数</h3>
192<ul>
193<li>
194<p><strong><code>acpi_enforce_resources=lax</code></strong>：</p>
195<ul>
196<li>
197<p><strong>作用</strong>：将 ACPI 资源冲突检查设为“松散”模式。</p>
198</li>
199<li>
200<p><strong>原因</strong>：允许内核驱动与主板固件（BIOS）在发生 I/O 端口冲突时共享资源，防止内核因“争抢”不到资源而让相关线程死等，从而降低负载。</p>
201</li>
202</ul>
203</li>
204</ul>
205<hr>
206<h3 id="4-变更结果总结表">4. 变更结果总结表</h3>
207<table>
208  <thead>
209      <tr>
210          <th>参数类别</th>
211          <th>具体参数</th>
212          <th>解决的问题</th>
213          <th>对现有硬件的影响</th>
214      </tr>
215  </thead>
216  <tbody>
217      <tr>
218          <td><strong>存储屏蔽</strong></td>
219          <td><code>sdhci_pci, sdhci</code></td>
220          <td>eMMC 初始化失败导致的负载</td>
221          <td>不影响 M.2 SATA SSD</td>
222      </tr>
223      <tr>
224          <td><strong>读卡器屏蔽</strong></td>
225          <td><code>rtsx_usb_sdmmc, rtsx_usb</code></td>
226          <td>内部 USB 读卡器死循环扫描</td>
227          <td>不影响外部 USB 口和网卡</td>
228      </tr>
229      <tr>
230          <td><strong>电源优化</strong></td>
231          <td><code>ac</code>, <code>acpi_enforce_resources=lax</code></td>
232          <td>电源适配器探测报错</td>
233          <td>解决 ACPI 冲突导致的 D 状态进程</td>
234      </tr>
235      <tr>
236          <td><strong>显示优化</strong></td>
237          <td><code>video=eDP-1:d</code></td>
238          <td>缺失屏幕导致的驱动反复探测</td>
239          <td>减少内核日志报错</td>
240      </tr>
241  </tbody>
242</table>
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