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130					<!-- begin of Mathematics & Physics categories -->
131<table border="0" width="100%" id="table3">
132	<tr>
133		<td align="center">
134		  <!--
135		  <img border="0" src="/images/categories/txt_Observation.gif" width="247" height="30" alt="Mathematics & Physics">
136		  -->
137		  <img border="0" src="/images/categories/txt_Observation.gif" width="142" height="30" alt="Observation">
138		  
139		</td>
140	</tr>
141</table>
142
143<!-- begin of observation -->
144<table border="0" width="100%" id="table3">
145<!--
146	<tr valign=top>
147		<td><img border="0" src="/images/i_Telescope.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
148		<td><a class="SubCate" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MP_07.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07">
149		Introduction</a></td>
150	</tr>
151-->
152	<tr valign=top>
153		<td><img border="0" src="/images/i_Telescope.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
154		<td>
155			<a class="SubCate" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Introduction.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07">Introduction</a>
156			
157			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/CelestialSphere.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0701">Celestial Sphere</a>
158			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/HowToMeasure.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0702">How to Measure the Night Sky</a>
159			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Ecliptic.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0703">The Ecliptic</a>
160			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Coordinates.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0704">Coordinates</a>
161			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Scale.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0705">A Matter of Scale</a>
162			
163		</td>
164	</tr>
165<!--
166	<tr valign=top>
167		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
168		<td><a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/NightSky.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP08">
169		The Night Sky</a></td>
170	</tr>
171-->
172	<tr valign=top>
173		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
174		<td>
175			<a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/NightSky.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP08"><u>The Night Sky</u></a>
176			
177			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Constellations.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0801">88 constellations</a>
178			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsNorthernHemi.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=NorthernHemisphere"><u>Northern Hemisphere</u></a>
179			
180				<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="20" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsNorthernHemi_Spring.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=NorthernHemisphereSpring">Spring</a>
181				<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="20" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsNorthernHemi_Summer.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=NorthernHemisphereSummer">Summer</a>
182				<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="20" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsNorthernHemi_Autumn.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=NorthernHemisphereAutumn">Autumn</a>
183				<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="20" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsNorthernHemi_Winter.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=NorthernHemisphereWinter">Winter</a>
184			
185			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsSouthernHemi.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=SouthernHemisphere"><u>Southern Hemisphere</u></a>
186			
187				<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="20" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsSouthernHemi_Autumn.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=SouthernHemisphereAutumn">Autumn</a>
188				<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="20" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsSouthernHemi_Winter.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=SouthernHemisphereWinter">Winter</a>
189				<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="20" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsSouthernHemi_Spring.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=SouthernHemisphereSpring">Spring</a>
190				<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="20" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ConstellationsSouthernHemi_Summer.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=SouthernHemisphereSummer">Summer</a>
191			
192			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Zodiac.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0804">Zodiac</a>
193			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Asterisms.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0805">Asterisms</a>
194			
195		</td>
196	</tr>
197	<!--
198	<tr valign=top>
199		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
200		<td><a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/NakedEye.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP09">
201		Naked-Eye Observing</a></td>
202	</tr>
203	-->
204	<tr valign=top>
205		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
206		<td>
207			<a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/NakedEye.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP09"><u>Naked-Eye Observing</u></a>
208			
209			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Moon.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0901">Moon</a>
210			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Planets.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0902">Planets</a>
211			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MilkyWay.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0903">Milky Way</a>
212			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/ManMade.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0904">Artificial Satellites</a>
213			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Comets.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0905">Naked Eye Comets</a>
214			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MeteorShowers.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0906">Meteor Showers</a>
215			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/IridiumFlares.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0907">Iridium Flares</a>
216			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Aurora.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0908">Aurora</a>
217			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/DeepSky.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0909">
217Star Clusters</a>
218			<br><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" width="10" height="1"><a class=SubCate2 href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/Eclipses.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0910">Eclipses</a>
219			
220		</td>
221	</tr>
222</table>
223<!-- end of observation -->
224<!-- begin of science -->
225<!--
226<table border="0" width="100%" id="table3">
227	<tr>
228		<td align="center">
229		  <img border="0" src="/images/categories/txt_Science.gif" width="85" height="30" alt="Science">
230		</td>
231	</tr>
232</table>
233<table border="0" width="100%" id="table3">
234	<tr valign=top>
235		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
236		<td><a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MP_01.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP01">Introduction</a></td>
237	</tr>
238	<tr valign=top>
239		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
240		<td>
241			<a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MP_02.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP02">Astronomy Tools</a>
242			
243		</td>
244	</tr>
245	-->
246	<!--
247	<tr valign=top>
248		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
249		<td><a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MP_03.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP03">Basic Mathematics</a></td>
250	</tr>
251	-->
252	<!--
253	<tr valign=top>
254		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
255		<td>
256			<a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MP_03.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP03">Basic Mathematics</a>
257			
258		</td>
259	</tr>
260
261	<tr valign=top>
262		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
263		<td>
264			<a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MP_04.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP04">Physics</a>
265			
266		</td>
267	</tr>
268	<tr valign=top>
269		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
270		<td><a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MP_05.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP05">Computer Models</a></td>
271	</tr>
272	<tr valign=top>
273		<td><img border="0" src="/images/spacerLightBlue.gif" alt="icon" width="15" height="15"></td>
274		<td>
275			<a class="SubCateUnselected" href="https://astronomyonline.org/Observation/MP_06.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP06">Additional Resources</a>
276			
277		</td>
278	</tr>
279</table>
280-->
281<!-- end of science -->
282<!-- end of Advance Topics --><!-- end of Physics & Mathematics categories -->
283				</div>
284				</td>
285				<td width="12" background="/images/content/MiddleRight.gif"></td>
286				<td width="10" align=center><img border="0" src="/images/spacerDarkBlue.gif" width="10" height="5"></td>
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288				<td width="482" bgcolor="#99B6D4">
289				<div align="center">
290					<!-- begin of content -->
291					<table border="0" width="480" id="table3">
292						<tr>
293							<td class="SubCate">Observation - Introduction</td>
294						</tr>
295						<tr>
296							<td align="center">
297<br>
298&nbsp;<table border="0" width="100%" id="table5">
299								<tr>
300									<td>
301									<img border="0" src="../images/ClipArt/Astronomy5.gif" width="73" height="100"></td>
302									<td>Astronomy has many different levels. 
303							From enjoyment in viewing the veil of 
304									<a href="../Stars/Introduction.asp?Cate=Stars&SubCate=OG01">stars</a> from a 
305							back yard patio to programming
306									<a href="../Cosmology/Galaxies.asp?Cate=Cosmology&SubCate=CM03">galaxy</a> collision
307									<a href="../Science/ComputerModels.asp?Cate=Science&SubCate=MP05">simulations</a> on a cluster of computers, there is sure 
308							to be a subject in between these extremes that will 
309							stimulate your mind.</td>
310								</tr>
311							</table>
312							<p>This section will deal with 
313							the very basics of Astronomy. Now just because they 
314							are basic does not mean they are any less boring! 
315							Living near a large city with night skies flooded 
316							with mercury-vapor street lamps, I envy those who 
317							can sit on their patio and enjoy the collection of 
318							<a href="../Stars/Introduction.asp?Cate=Stars&SubCate=OG01">stars</a> overhead.
319							<p>To observe the night sky, it is helpful to follow 
320							a map. One of the ideas behind the 
321							<a href="NightSky.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP08">constellation</a> drawings is 
322							to serve this purpose. We also know there are 
323							several constants to consider:
324                          <table border="1" width="100%" id="table4">
325							  <tr>
326									<td>1.</td>
327									<td>Polaris - the North Star - is the axis 
328									of 
329									<a href="CelestialSphere.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP08&SubCate2=MP0701">Earth's rotation</a></td>
330								</tr>
331								<tr>
332									<td>2.</td>
333									<td>The 
334									<a href="CelestialSphere.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP08&SubCate2=MP0701">Celestial Sphere</a> rotates from East 
335									to West</td>
336								</tr>
337								<tr>
338									<td>3.</td>
339									<td>Your hand and common celestial objects 
340									can be used for measure</td>
341								</tr>
342								<tr>
343									<td>4.</td>
344									<td>The 
345									<a href="../SolarSystem/SunIntroduction.asp?Cate=SolarSystem&SubCate=OurSun&SubCate2=SS01">Sun</a>, 
346									<a href="../SolarSystem/MoonIntroduction.asp?Cate=SolarSystem&SubCate=TheMoon&SubCate2=TM01">Moon</a>, and 
347									<a href="../SolarSystem/Introduction.asp?Cate=SolarSystem&SubCate=Introduction&SubCate2=SS00">Planets</a> travel along 
348									the
349									<a href="Ecliptic.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP08&SubCate2=MP0703">Ecliptic plane</a></td>
350								</tr>
351								<tr>
352									<td>5.</td>
353									<td>Astronomers use a Celestial 
354									<a href="Coordinates.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP07&SubCate2=MP0704">Coordinate</a> 
355									system to locate objects within the 
356									<a href="NightSky.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP08">night 
357									sky</a></td>
358								</tr>
359							</table>
360							<!--
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365							<p>Time is also important to understand when dealing 
366							with Astronomy, and the use of 
367							<a href="../Science/SiderealTime.asp?Cate=Science&SubCate=MP01&SubCate2=MP040202">Sidereal time</a> can be 
368							found in the
369							<a href="../Science/SiderealTime.asp?Cate=Observation&SubCate=MP04&SubCate2=MP040202">Science Section</a>.</p>
370							<p align="center">
371							<img border="0" src="../Observation/Images/AstroCartoons2.gif" width="455" height="561"><br>
372							(<a target="_blank" href="http://www.sciencecartoonsplus.com/">Science 
373							Cartoons Plus</a>)</p>
374                            <!--<p align="center"><hr size="1">
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377							<p>Knowing where to look and understanding some 
378							basic fundamentals will enhance the hobby of 
379							Astronomy.</p>
380							<p><i><a href="#Top">Back to Top</a></i></p></td>
381						</tr>
382					</table>
383					<!-- end of content -->
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