1<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" 2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> 3<HTML> 4<HEAD> 5<title>SAT Math Facts and Formulas</title> 6<BASE HREF = "https://www.erikthered.com/tutor/"> 7<META NAME="description" CONTENT="Free, complete, SAT math and physics facts and formulas guides (pdf format). Lots of free quizzes and practice questions to download. Also, ACT facts and formula guides (pdf format)."> 8<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="SAT,ACT,facts,formulas,reference,math,physics,erik jacobsen"> 9<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 10<link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> 11<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> 12<link rel="stylesheet" href="CSS/tutor.css"> 13<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="favicon.png"> 14</HEAD> 15 16<body> 17<table class="Page"> 18<tr> 19<td class="LeftColumn"> 20 21 <a href="/tutor/"> 22 <img class="borderless" 23 src="tutor-logo.png" width="125" height="125" 24 alt="erikthered.com logo"> 25 </a> 26 27<p> 28<p> 29<div class="SideBox"> 30 31<p class="Header">SAT Math Guides</p> 32<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-0.pdf">Must-Know Facts and Formulas</a></p> 33<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-1.pdf">Facts and Formulas</a></p> 34<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-given-1.pdf">Given Facts and Formulas</a></p> 35<p class="PLink"><A href="math-strategies.pdf">Strategies</a></p> 36<p class="PLink"><A href="sat-math-vocabulary-0.pdf">Math Vocabulary</a></p> 37<p class="PLink"><A href="SAT-Released-Test-Curves.pdf">SAT Curves</a></p> 38<br> 39<p class="Header">SAT Practice Quizzes</p> 40<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-quiz.pdf">Facts and Formulas Quiz</a></p> 41<p class="PLink"><A href="sat-math-easy-practice-quiz.pdf">Easy Practice Quiz</a></p> 42<p class="PLink"><A href="sat-math-easy-practice-quiz-2.pdf">Easy Practice Quiz #2</a></p> 43<p class="PLink"><A href="sat-math-medium-practice-quiz.pdf">Medium Practice Quiz</a></p> 44<p class="PLink"><A href="sat-math-hard-practice-quiz.pdf">Hard Practice Quiz</a></p> 45<p class="PLink"><A href="math-strategies-quiz.pdf">Strategies Quiz</a></p> 46<p class="PLink"><A href="math-strategies-examples-1.pdf">Strategy Examples #1</a></p> 47<p class="PLink"><A href="math-strategies-examples-2.pdf">Strategy Examples #2</a></p> 48<p class="PLink"><A href="math-strategies-quiz-mini.pdf">Strategies Mini Quiz</a></p> 49<p class="PLink"><A href="sat-math-vocabulary-quiz.pdf">Math Vocab Mini Quiz</a></p> 50<p class="PLink"><a href="sat-math-function-quiz.pdf">Function Mini Quiz</a></p> 51<br> 52<p class="Header">SAT Subject Math Guides</p> 53<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-2a.pdf">Level 1 Facts and Formulas</a></p> 54<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-2b.pdf">Level 2 Facts and Formulas</a></p> 55<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-given-2.pdf">Given Facts and Formulas</a></p> 56<br> 57<p class="Header">SAT Subject Physics Guides</p> 58<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-3-ref.pdf">Formula Reference</a></p> 59<p class="PLink"><A href="facts-and-formulas-3.pdf">Facts and Formulas</a></p> 60<br> 61<p class="Header">ACT Math Guides</p> 62<p class="PLink"><A href="act-facts-and-formulas.pdf">Facts and Formulas</a></p> 63<p class="PLink"><A href="act-math-strategies.pdf">Strategies</a></p> 64<br> 65<p><a href="https://www.twitter.com/ErikTheRedTutor"><img src="https://twitter-badges.s3.amazonaws.com/t_logo-b.png" 66alt="Follow ErikTheRedTutor on Twitter" style="float:left;margin:0 5px 0 670;"></a>Follow me <a href="https://www.twitter.com/ErikTheRedTutor">@ErikTheRedTutor</a></p> 68<br> 69</div> 70 71<div class="SideBox"> 72 73<p class="Header">The Fine Print</p> 74 75<a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"> 76<img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" 77src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png"></a> 78<br> 79<br> 80All the HTML and PDF content on 81<span class="graytext">Erik The Red</span> 82by <a href="https://www.erikthered.com/tutor/" 83rel="cc:attributionURL">Erik Jacobsen</a> is licensed under 84a <a rel="license" 85href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">
85Creative Commons 86Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>. 87 88<br><br> 89 90Please feel free to improve, share, and make copies of this content, as 91long as you use the same, similar, or compatible license. In any case, 92please leave in an attribution to me (Erik Jacobsen) and 93to <a href="https://www.erikthered.com/tutor/">erikthered.com/tutor</a>. 94The TeX source code is available by request under the same license. 95 96<br><br> 97 98I'm a private math and physics tutor in 99the <a href="https://maps.google.com/maps?q=Basking+Ridge,+NJ&view=map&z=11">Basking 100Ridge, NJ</a> area. I'm currently teaching 101at <a href="http://www.newarka.edu/">Newark Academy</a> in Livingston, 102NJ. I specialize in precalculus, single-variable and multi-variable 103calculus, and physics. 104 105<br><br> 106 107If you need extra help, or you would like to improve your test scores, or 108you have comments or suggestions, you can find me 109as <a href="https://www.twitter.com/ErikTheRedTutor">@ErikTheRedTutor</a> 110on X (formerly Twitter) and (increasingly as of 2025) 111as <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/erik-the-red.bsky.social">@erik-the-red</a> 112on Bluesky. Or, you can contact me here: 113<br><br> 114tutor < at > erikthered.com 115<br><br> 116(replace the "< at >" with the usual 117at-sign). 118<br><br> SAT and ACT are registered trademarks of the College Entrance 119Examination Board and ACT, Inc., respectively. Neither company sponsors nor 120endorses this web site. Does anyone actually read this tiny text? :) 121<br><br> 122This page was last updated on: 2025-01-26. 123</div> 124 125</td><!-- LC --> 126 127<td class="MidColumn"> 128<div class="MidColHeader"> 129<table class="TopNavigation"> 130<tr> 131 <td class="NavLink"><a href="#satmathsec">SAT Math</a></td> 132 <td class="NavLink"><a href="practice.html">Math Practice</a></td> 133 <td class="NavLink"><a href="#satsubjsec">SAT Subject Math</a></td> 134 <td class="NavLink"><a href="sat-act-history.html">SAT & ACT History</a></td> 135 <td class="NavLink"><a href="#actmathsec">ACT Math</a></td> 136</tr> 137<tr> 138 <td class="NavLink"><a href="sat-topic-index.html">SAT Question Index</a></td> 139 <td class="NavLink"><a href="sat-act-calendar.html">SAT & ACT Calendar</a></td> 140 <td class="NavLink"><a href="#satsubjphyssec">SAT Subject Physics</a></td> 141 <td class="NavLink"><a href="sat-facts-and-faqs.html">SAT FAQs</a> | <a href="act-facts-and-faqs.html">ACT FAQs</a></td> 142 <td class="NavLink"><a href="about.html">About</a></td> 143</tr> 144</table> 145 146<div class="PageHeadline"> 147<h2>SAT Facts and Formulas for Math and Physics</h2> 148<span class="footer"> 149strategies, test info, and hundreds of practice questions for SAT and ACT math prep 150</span> 151</div> 152</div> 153<div class="ArticleText"> 154<p class="ItemText"> 155 Welcome to Erik The Red Tutoring! 156</p> 157 158<p class="ItemText"> 159 This web site was developed and designed for the version of the SAT that 160 was administered from March, 2005, to March, 2016. Since then, the SAT 161 has changed quite a bit. The primary changes to the math section of the 162 SAT included a switch from multiple-choice questions with five answers to 163 ones with four answers, the removal of the guessing penalty, and a change 164 to an adaptive, digital-only test. All of these were beside changes in 165 content to move away from geometry and emphasize linear functions as well 166 to include more algebra 2 topics such as trigonometry. 167</p> 168 169<p class="ItemText"> 170 Since the SAT has changed quite a bit, many of the SAT resources to be 171 found here are out of date. However, 172 the <a href="sat-act-history.html">SAT and ACT History</a> page is still 173 a labor of love for me, and I continue to keep it up-to-date with new 174 happenings in the SAT and ACT world. Also, many of the math problems 175 found here remain useful for practice, and even though the SAT subject 176 tests have been discontinued since 2021, the subject test math practice 177 problems may still have some value for the harder questions on the ACT 178 test whose content has remained mostly stable since 2016. Just be aware 179 that some math topics represented in the resources may no longer be 180 tested, and that some FAQs may no longer be relevant. 181 182</p> 183 184<p class="ItemText"> 185 186 Thanks for visiting! 187 188</p> 189 190<ul class="IndentText"> 191 <li class="IndentText">The <a href="sat-act-calendar.html">SAT & ACT 192 Calendar</a> has all SAT and ACT test dates and fees for this year.</li> 193 <li class="IndentText">The <a href="sat-act-history.html">SAT and ACT 194History</a> page has a not very brief account of the nearly 100-year-long 195story of standardized testing for college admissions in the United 196States.</li> 197<li class="IndentText">Completely new to the SAT? The <a href="sat-facts-and-faqs.html">SAT 198Facts & FAQs</a> page has the facts.</li> 199<li class="IndentText">Completely new to the ACT? The <a href="act-facts-and-faqs.html">ACT 200Facts & FAQs</a> page has the facts.</li> 201<li class="IndentText">Ready to dive right in with math questions? 202The <a href="practice.html">Practice</a> page has what you 203need.</li> 204<li>Find out more about me (Erik Jacobsen) on 205the <a href="about.html">About</a> page.</li> 206</ul> 207 208<p class="ItemText"> 209Basic formulas and reference materials for SAT math as well as ACT math and 210SAT subject tests can be found below. Whether you are teaching yourself or 211teaching others, you will find plenty of help here, all of it free to 212download, copy, print, and distribute under a <a rel="license" 213href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">
213Creative Commons</a> 214license. Good luck!</p> 215 216<p id="satmathsec" class="SummaryHL">SAT Math Guides</p> 217 218<p class="ItemText"> 219<A href="facts-and-formulas-0.pdf">SAT Math Must-Know Facts and 220Formulas</a> (pdf, 6 pages) -- I've tried to boil down all the math 221represented on recent SAT tests to the most important concepts that you 222will need to know. These facts and formulas (mostly facts, really) seem to 223be "required knowledge" on just about every SAT Math test. I've 224also sprinkled a few examples in among the forest of facts to help get you 225started.</p> 226 227<p class="ItemText"> 228<A href="facts-and-formulas-1.pdf">SAT Math Facts and Formulas</a> (pdf, 6 229pages) -- A helpful list of the concepts and formulas that you will need to 230know to do well on the SAT Math tests. This guide is a little more 231comprehensive than the Must-Know guide: it also includes topics that appear 232only occasionally on the SAT tests. Don't worry if this seems like a lot to 233remember: If you're just getting started with the SAT or you have a hard 234time memorizing formulas, first try the Must-Know facts and formulas. 235</p> 236 237<p class="ItemText"> 238<A href="facts-and-formulas-given-1.pdf">SAT Math Given Facts and 239Formulas</a> (pdf, 2 pages) -- These are the (few) formulas that you are 240actually given on the SAT math test. In principle, you don't have to 241memorize or even know them, but in practice they are so commonly needed to 242solve typical test problems that it really makes sense to be very familiar 243with them ahead of time.</p> 244 245<p class="ItemText"> 246<A href="math-strategies.pdf">SAT Math Strategies</a> (pdf, 3 pages) -- 247Some general strategies and tips to help you on the SAT Math sections and 248the SAT Subject tests in Math, including things like when you should or 249should not take a guess on a question. Two of these strategies (plugging in 250numbers and working with the answers) are so useful that they get their 251own <A href="math-strategies-quiz.pdf">quiz</a> 252and <A href="math-strategies-quiz-mini.pdf">mini-quiz</a>.</p> 253 254<p class="ItemText"> 255<A href="sat-math-vocabulary-0.pdf">SAT Math Must-Know Vocabulary</a> (pdf, 2563 pages) -- In math, "odd" does not mean "strange", and "real" is not the 257opposite of "fake". This guide contains a short list of math vocabulary 258words that show up time and again on the SAT. These words will appear 259without explanation in the math questions on the test, so you better know 260them cold! If it is the night before the test and you are pressed for time, 261the one-page (tl;dr) version can be found 262<a href="sat-math-vocabulary-0-summary.pdf">here</a>.</p> 263 264<p id="satquizsec" class="SummaryHL">SAT Math Practice Quizzes</p> 265 266<p class="ItemText"> 267<A href="facts-and-formulas-quiz.pdf">SAT Math Facts and Formulas Quiz</a> 268(pdf, 24 pages) -- After reviewing the guides, test your knowledge of SAT 269math facts, formulas, and vocabulary with this quiz. Complete answers are 270included, and many questions involve vegetables of some kind. Because it is 271important to have enough vegetables every day.</p> 272 273<p class="ItemText"> 274<A href="math-strategies-quiz.pdf">Math Strategies Quiz</a> (pdf, 18 pages) 275-- When you are stumped on an SAT or ACT math question, there are two very 276useful strategies that may help you to get the correct answer. This review 277quiz will help you become familiar with these strategies so that they will 278be second nature when you take the SAT or ACT for real. Complete answers 279are included. </p> 280 281<p class="ItemText">For many more practice questions, see 282the <a href="practice.html">Math Practice</a> section of this web site.</p> 283 284<p id="satsubjsec" class="SummaryHL">SAT Subject Math Guides</p> 285 286<p class="ItemText"> 287<A href="facts-and-formulas-2a.pdf">SAT Subject Math Level 1 Facts and 288Formulas</a> (pdf, 9 pages) -- The SAT Subject tests in Math are a little 289different than the math portion of the regular SAT: the subject tests are 290more about achievement and how much you've progressed in your math courses 291in school. To help, I've taken the regular SAT math facts and formulas 292(which you have to know anyway to take this test) and added the extra 293concepts that you'll need on the Level 1 test. For example, I've added a 294few things about trigonometry, complex numbers, compound functions, and as 295many examples as I could stuff into fewer than 10 pages! 296</p> 297 298<p class="ItemText"> 299<A href="facts-and-formulas-2b.pdf">SAT Subject Math Level 2 Facts and 300Formulas</a> (pdf, 11 pages) -- If you aren't afraid of infinite geometric 301sequences, trigonometry, or natural logarithms, then the Math Level 2 test 302is for you! You also won't mind that this facts and formulas guide comes in 303at 11 pages. I've taken the facts and formulas from Level 1 (which you have 304to know anyway to take this test) and added the extra concepts that you'll 305need on the Level 2 test. For example, I've added more trigonometric 306formulas, stuff about logs, and some facts about conic sections among other 307things. Enjoy!</p> 308 309<p class="ItemText"> 310<A href="facts-and-formulas-given-2.pdf">SAT Subject Math Given Facts and 311Formulas</a> (pdf, 1 page) -- These are the (five, count 'em, five) 312formulas that you are actually given on the SAT Subject Math test (both 313levels). These five formulas are not heavily used (they all have to do with 314volumes and areas of solids) so, unlike the given formulas for the regular 315SAT math test, it really doesn't make sense to memorize these. You have a 316long list of other formulas to know as it is!</p> 317 318<p id="satsubjphyssec" class="SummaryHL">SAT Subject Physics Guides</p> 319 320<p class="ItemText"> 321<A href="facts-and-formulas-3-ref.pdf">SAT Subject Physics Formula 322Reference</a> (pdf, 12 pages) -- If you already have plenty of review books 323and guides, but just want a nice, all-in-one-place summary of formulas, 324look no further! Note that you are not given any formulas on the test. This 325guide lists about 50 of the most important physics formulas for the physics 326subject test.</p> 327 328<p class="ItemText"> 329<A href="facts-and-formulas-3.pdf">SAT Subject Physics Facts and 330Formulas</a> (pdf, 18 pages) -- A concise but comprehensive guide to the 331facts and formulas typically covered by the SAT Subject Test for 332physics. Use as a reference, or for quick review, or as something to e-mail 333to friends to help them out.</p> 334 335<p id="actmathsec" class="SummaryHL">ACT Math Guides</p> 336 337<p class="ItemText"> 338<A href="act-facts-and-formulas.pdf">ACT Math Facts and Formulas</a> (pdf, 8 339pages) -- The ACT, like the SAT Subject Math test, is more about 340achievement and how much you've progressed in your math courses in 341school. There are no given formulas on the ACT, so this guide is designed 342to fill that gap. Along with most of the SAT Must-Know material, I've added 343a few things about trigonometry, radians, logarithms, and complex 344numbers.</p> 345 346<p class="ItemText"> 347<A href="act-math-strategies.pdf">ACT 348Math Strategies</a> (pdf, 2 pages) -- Some general strategies and tips to 349help you on the ACT Math section. </p> 350 351<br> 352 353</div> <!-- ArticleText --> 354</td> <!-- MC --> 355</tr></table><!-- endpage --> 356 357</body></html> 358
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