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18	<meta property="og:description" content="History San Clemente, a place where one encounters centuries of Rome’s History A 2000 Year Story The basilica of San Clemente is one of the most fascinating churches in Rome, not only because of its wonderful art but also for the fact that here in the different layers of this complex, one can witness the [&hellip;]" />
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(min-width:922px){.ast-primary-header-bar{border-bottom-width:0px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}}.ast-primary-header-bar{background-color:#ffffff;background-image:none;}.ast-primary-header-bar{display:block;}@media (max-width:921.99px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{display:grid;}}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-fill{color:#040404;border:none;background:#ffffff;border-top-left-radius:2px;border-top-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-left-radius:2px;}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-toggle-icon .ast-mobile-svg{width:20px;height:20px;fill:#040404;}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-wrap .mobile-menu{color:#040404;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu, .ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu, .ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-header-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu, .ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu{border-top-width:1px;border-color:#eaeaea;}.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link, .ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link, .ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link, .ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link, .ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-header-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link, .ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-header-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link, .ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link, .ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link{border-bottom-width:1px;border-color:#eaeaea;border-style:solid;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}@media (max-width:921.99px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}}.ast-below-header .main-header-bar-navigation{height:100%;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item .menu-link{border:none;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before{font-size:.6rem;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-submenu-expanded > .ast-menu-toggle::before{transform:rotateX(180deg);}#masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-bar{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-bar ,.ast-below-header-bar .site-below-header-wrap{min-height:30px;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-bar .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:30px;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-bar .ast-header-woo-cart,.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-bar .ast-header-edd-cart{line-height:30px;}.ast-below-header-bar{border-bottom-width:0px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}.ast-below-header-bar{background-color:#ffffff;background-image:none;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-bar{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-below-header-bar.ast-below-header, .ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-bar.ast-below-header{margin-top:-15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.ast-below-header-bar{display:block;}@media (max-width:921.99px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-bar{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-bar{display:grid;}}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-vertical-menu {display: grid;}@media (min-width: 769px) {.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li {margin: 0;}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu a {padding: 0 0.5em;}}@media (min-width: 769px) {.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li:first-child a {padding-left: 0;}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li:last-child a {padding-right: 0;}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-horizontal-menu{justify-content:center;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:center;}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item > a{padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px;}@media (max-width:921px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-horizontal-menu{justify-content:center;display:flex;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-vertical-menu{display:grid;justify-content:center;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:center;}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item > a{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-horizontal-menu{justify-content:center;display:flex;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-vertical-menu{display:grid;justify-content:center;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:center;}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}@media (max-width:921.99px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}}:root{--e-global-color-astglobalcolor0:#0274be;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor1:#3a3a3a;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor2:#3a3a3a;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor3:#4B4F58;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor4:#F6F7F8;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor5:#00123A;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor6:#243673;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor7:#FBFCFF;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor8:#BFD1FF;}
45/*# sourceURL=astra-theme-css-inline-css */
46</style>
47<link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:400%2C600|EB+Garamond:700%2C500%2C600&#038;display=swap&#038;ver=4.13.10' media='all' />
48<link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-menu-animation-css' href='https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/css/minified/menu-animation.min.css?ver=4.13.10' media='all' />
49<style id="wp-emoji-styles-inline-css">
50
51	img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
52		display: inline !important;
53		border: none !important;
54		box-shadow: none !important;
55		height: 1em !important;
56		width: 1em !important;
57		margin: 0 0.07em !important;
58		vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
59		background: none !important;
60		padding: 0 !important;
61	}
62/*# sourceURL=wp-emoji-styles-inline-css */
63</style>
64<style id="global-styles-inline-css">
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177							<div
178				class="site-branding ast-site-identity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization" itemscope="itemscope"				>
179					<span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/" class="custom-logo-link transparent-custom-logo" rel="home" itemprop="url" aria-label="Basilica di San Clemente"><img width="70" height="100" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente-70x100.png" class="custom-logo" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente-70x100.png 70w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente.png 104w" sizes="(max-width: 70px) 100v
179w, 70px" /></a><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/" class="custom-mobile-logo-link" rel="home" itemprop="url"></a></span>				</div>
180			<!-- .site-branding -->
181					</div>
182									</div>
183																			<div class="site-header-primary-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section">
184																	<div class="site-header-primary-section-right-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-center-section">
185																			</div>
186											<div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item ast-header-button-1" data-section="section-hb-button-1">
187			<div class="ast-builder-button-wrap ast-builder-button-size-"><a class="ast-custom-button-link" href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/booking" target="_self"  role="button" aria-label="BOOKING ENTRY TO THE EXCAVATIONS" >
188				<div class="ast-custom-button">BOOKING ENTRY TO THE EXCAVATIONS</div>
189			</a><a class="menu-link" href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/booking" target="_self" >BOOKING ENTRY TO THE EXCAVATIONS</a></div>		</div>
190									</div>
191												</div>
192					</div>
193								</div>
194			</div>
195		<div class="ast-below-header-wrap  ">
196		<div class="ast-below-header-bar ast-below-header  site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-below-header-builder">
197						<div class="site-below-header-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-header-focus-item ast-container" data-section="section-below-header-builder">
198				<div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-grid-center-col-layout-only ast-flex ast-grid-center-col-layout">
199																		<div class="site-header-below-section-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-section-center">
200										<div class="ast-builder-menu-1 ast-builder-menu ast-flex ast-builder-menu-1-focus-item ast-builder-layout-element site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-hb-menu-1">
201			<div class="ast-main-header-bar-alignment"><div class="main-header-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility site-header-focus-item" id="primary-site-navigation-desktop" aria-label="Primary Site Navigation" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="main-navigation ast-inline-flex"><ul id="ast-hf-menu-1" class="main-header-menu ast-menu-shadow ast-nav-menu ast-flex  submenu-with-border astra-menu-animation-slide-down  ast-menu-hover-style-zoom  stack-on-mobile"><li id="menu-item-2027" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2027"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/home-2/" class="menu-link">Home</a></li>
202<li id="menu-item-2028" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-2028"><a aria-expanded="false" href="#" class="menu-link">Basilica<span role="button" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" aria-haspopup="true"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
203                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
204                </svg></span></span></a><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle Menu"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
205                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
206                </svg></span></button>
207<ul class="sub-menu">
208	<li id="menu-item-2031" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-1996 current_page_item menu-item-2031"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/history/" aria-current="page" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
209                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
210                </svg></span>History</a></li>
211	<li id="menu-item-2030" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2030"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/the-basilica-and-the-excavations/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
212                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
213                </svg></span>The Basilica and the Excavations</a></li>
214	<li id="menu-item-2029" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2029"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/the-frescos-of-the-lower-basilica/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
215                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
216                </svg></span>The Frescos of the Lower Basilica</a></li>
217	<li id="menu-item-2188" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2188"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/key-figures/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
218                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
219                </svg></span>Key Figures</a></li>
220</ul>
221</li>
222<li id="menu-item-2032" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2032"><a aria-expanded="false" href="#" class="menu-link">Liturgical life<span role="button" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" aria-haspopup="true"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
223                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
224                </svg></span></span></a><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle Menu"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
225                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
226                </svg></span></button>
227<ul class="sub-menu">
228	<li id="menu-item-2093" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2093"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/mass-times/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
229                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
230                </svg></span>Mass Times</a></li>
231	<li id="menu-item-2046" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2046"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/pilgrim-masses/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
232                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
233                </svg></span>Pilgrim Masses</a></li>
234</ul>
235</li>
236<li id="menu-item-2033" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-2033"><a aria-expanded="false" href="#" class="menu-link">VISIT<span role="button" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" aria-haspopup="true"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
237                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
238                </svg></span></span></a><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle Menu"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
239                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
240                </svg></span></button>
241<ul class="sub-menu">
242	<li id="menu-item-2047" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2047"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/opening-hours-and-info/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
243                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
244                </svg></span>Opening hours and information</a></li>
245	<li id="menu-item-2045" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2045"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/booking/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
246                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
247                </svg></span>Prepare your visit</a></li>
248	<li id="menu-item-2034" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2034"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/a-virtual-tour/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
249                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
250                </svg></span>Virtual Tour</a></li>
251</ul>
252</li>
253<li id="menu-item-2712" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2712"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/san-clemente-project/" class="menu-link">San Clemente Project</a></li>
254<li id="menu-item-2206" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2206"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/photogallery/" class="menu-link">Gallery</a></li>
255<li id="menu-item-2044" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2044"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/contact/" class="menu-link">Contact</a></li>
256<li id="menu-item-2026-ita" class="lang-item lang-item-6 lang-item-ita lang-item-first menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2026-ita"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/storia/" lang="it-IT" hreflang="it-IT" class="menu-link"><img src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABAAAAALCAMAAABBPP0LAAAAUVBMVEUAiQAAgADk5OTe3t7vAAB3yXf9/f36+vr5Vlb3RkZjwWNYvVj4+Pj1MzP1KChQuFD1GxviAABHtUf19fXzDw4/sT8AcAA2qzYAWgDLy8vDw8ObXclsAAAAVElEQVR4AQXBSwoCQRQEsNT70CC69P5XdCUMA2ISSAiBWAQScg8bN7GJWxFDrCivwhCLMipGx3LKUOi2HAZluy2HgXprxQGfGL6G63B5MJ5FCD/4A3DaCLvbBle5AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" alt="Italiano" width="16" height="11" style="width: 16px; height: 11px;" /></a></li>
257</ul></div></nav></div></div>		</div>
258									</div>
259																		</div>
260					</div>
261								</div>
262			</div>
263	</div> <!-- Main Header Bar Wrap -->
264<div id="ast-mobile-header" class="ast-mobile-header-wrap " data-type="dropdown">
265		<div class="ast-main-header-wrap main-header-bar-wrap" >
266		<div class="ast-primary-header-bar ast-primary-header main-header-bar site-primary-header-wrap site-header-focus-item ast-builder
266-grid-row-layout-default ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-layout-default ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-layout-default" data-section="section-primary-header-builder">
267									<div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-builder-grid-row-has-sides ast-builder-grid-row-no-center">
268													<div class="site-header-primary-section-left site-header-section ast-flex site-header-section-left">
269										<div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="title_tagline">
270							<div
271				class="site-branding ast-site-identity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization" itemscope="itemscope"				>
272					<span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/" class="custom-logo-link transparent-custom-logo" rel="home" itemprop="url" aria-label="Basilica di San Clemente"><img width="70" height="100" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente-70x100.png" class="custom-logo" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente-70x100.png 70w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente.png 104w" sizes="(max-width: 70px) 100v
272w, 70px" /></a><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/" class="custom-mobile-logo-link" rel="home" itemprop="url"></a></span>				</div>
273			<!-- .site-branding -->
274					</div>
275									</div>
276																									<div class="site-header-primary-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section">
277										<div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger">
278						<div class="ast-button-wrap">
279				<button
280					type="button"
281					class="menu-toggle main-header-menu-toggle ast-mobile-menu-trigger-fill"
282					aria-expanded="false"
283					aria-label="Main menu toggle"
284														>
285					<span class="mobile-menu-toggle-icon">
286						<span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg class='ast-mobile-svg ast-menu2-svg' fill='currentColor' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='28' viewBox='0 0 24 28'><path d='M24 21v2c0 0.547-0.453 1-1 1h-22c-0.547 0-1-0.453-1-1v-2c0-0.547 0.453-1 1-1h22c0.547 0 1 0.453 1 1zM24 13v2c0 0.547-0.453 1-1 1h-22c-0.547 0-1-0.453-1-1v-2c0-0.547 0.453-1 1-1h22c0.547 0 1 0.453 1 1zM24 5v2c0 0.547-0.453 1-1 1h-22c-0.547 0-1-0.453-1-1v-2c0-0.547 0.453-1 1-1h22c0.547 0 1 0.453 1 1z'></path></svg></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg class='ast-mobile-svg ast-close-svg' fill='currentColor' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24' viewBox='0 0 24 24'><path d='M5.293 6.707l5.293 5.293-5.293 5.293c-0.391 0.391-0.391 1.024 0 1.414s1.024 0.391 1.414 0l5.293-5.293 5.293 5.293c0.391 0.391 1.024 0.391 1.414 0s0.391-1.024 0-1.414l-5.293-5.293 5.293-5.293c0.391-0.391 0.391-1.024 0-1.414s-1.024-0.391-1.414 0l-5.293 5.293-5.293-5.293c-0.391-0.391-1.024-0.391-1.414 0s-0.391 1.024 0 1.414z'></path></svg></span>					</span>
287									</button>
288			</div>
289					</div>
290									</div>
291											</div>
292						</div>
293	</div>
294				<div class="ast-mobile-header-content content-align-flex-start ">
295						<div class="ast-builder-menu-mobile ast-builder-menu ast-builder-menu-mobile-focus-item ast-builder-layout-element site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-header-mobile-menu">
296			<div class="ast-main-header-bar-alignment"><div class="main-header-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility site-header-focus-item" id="ast-mobile-site-navigation" aria-label="Site Navigation: Mobile ENG" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="main-navigation"><ul id="ast-hf-mobile-menu" class="main-header-menu ast-nav-menu ast-flex  submenu-with-border astra-menu-animation-fade  stack-on-mobile"><li id="menu-item-2388" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2388"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/home-2/" class="menu-link">Home</a></li>
297<li id="menu-item-2389" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-2389"><a aria-expanded="false" href="#" class="menu-link">Basilica<span role="button" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" aria-haspopup="true"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewbox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve">
298                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
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310                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
311                </svg></span>The Frescos of the Lower Basilica</a></li>
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314                </svg></span>Key Figures</a></li>
315</ul>
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329</ul>
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341                <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" />
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346</ul>
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365				<article
366class="post-1996 page type-page status-publish ast-article-single" id="post-1996" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope="itemscope">
367	
368				<header class="entry-header ast-no-title ast-header-without-markup">
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371<div class="entry-content clear"
372	itemprop="text">
373
374	
375			<div data-elementor-type="wp-page" data-elementor-id="1996" class="elementor elementor-1996" data-elementor-post-type="page">
376						<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f0095a8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="f0095a8" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
377						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
378					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ebb36bc" data-id="ebb36bc" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
379			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
380						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7e472ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7e472ae" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
381				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
382					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">History</h1>				</div>
383				</div>
384					</div>
385		</div>
386					</div>
387		</section>
388				<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8babb0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c8babb0" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
389						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
390					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f81a181" data-id="f81a181" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
391			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
392						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-37ad5a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="37ad5a0" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
393				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
394					<h6 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">San Clemente, a place where one encounters centuries of Rome’s History</h6>				</div>
395				</div>
396				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-07aea79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="07aea79" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default">
397				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
398					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">A 2000 Year Story</h2>				</div>
399				</div>
400				<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d06835c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="d06835c" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
401				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
402															<img decoding="async" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/divider-1.svg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-81" alt="" />															</div>
403				</div>
404				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-bfcd8cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="bfcd8cd" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
405						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
406					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ee4ce10" data-id="ee4ce10" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
407			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
408						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-97ac098 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="97ac098" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
409				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
410									<p>The basilica of San Clemente is one of the most fascinating churches in Rome, not only because of its wonderful art but also for the fact that here in the different layers of this complex, one can witness the growth of the city of Rome down the centuries. The church is situated about 300 meters from the Colosseum, on the road that leads to the Lateran Basilica. It nestles in a valley between the Caelian and Oppian hills. The church takes its name from Pope Saint Clement, the third successor of St Peter, who died around the year 100 AD.</p><p>Up to about 165 years ago, it was generally held that the present church was the ancient church of Saint Clement mentioned by Saint Jerome in the 4th century. Writing about St Clement, he wrote that a church in Rome preserved the name and memory of St Clement up to his own day, &#8211; <em>nominis eius memoriam usque hodie Romae extructa ecclesia custodit.</em> However, in 1857 Father Joseph Mullooly, the prior of San Clemente, realised that the ground level was much deeper in the past, excavated under the present church and discovered the original 4th century basilica underneath the present one. Digging underneath this ancient church, he uncovered another, even deeper, complex of buildings of the 1st century.</p><p>Subsequently other excavations were carried out, especially when in 1912-14 Father Louis Nolan built a drainage tunnel between San Clemente and the Colosseum to carry away water that was flooding the lower levels. These excavations, revealed the remains of buildings destroyed in the fire of Nero in 64 AD. </p><p>More recent excavations have uncovered the baptistry and the sacristy of the lower church. The baptistry area is monumental in size, with a great baptismal font and some very fine frescoes. The sacristy or secretarium has the remains of a 6th century marble floor. These discoveries are significant contributions to our understanding of the liturgy in 6th century Rome. </p>								</div>
411				</div>
412					</div>
413		</div>
414					</div>
415		</section>
416				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-62766df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="62766df" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
417						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
418					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-67b9029" data-id="67b9029" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
419			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
420						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-68cd426 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="68cd426" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
421				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
422												<figure class="wp-caption">
423										<img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="960" height="640" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo.-Il-Mitreo.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1551" alt="" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo.-Il-Mitreo.jpg 960w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo.-Il-Mitreo-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo.-Il-Mitreo-768x512.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">The Mithraeum</figcaption>
424										</figure>
425									</div>
426				</div>
427					</div>
428		</div>
429				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-11c3a80" data-id="11c3a80" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
430			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
431						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3e076b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3e076b0" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
432				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
433									<p>How did all these ancient buildings become buried so deeply? In the 1st century, the street level in the area of San Clemente was some 20 meters below that of the presentday. After the fire of 64 AD, the ruined buildings were abandoned, filled with earth and used as the foundations for new structures. These buildings were at a level more or less corresponding to that of the floor level of the Colosseum today</p>								</div>
434				</div>
435					</div>
436		</div>
437					</div>
438		</section>
439				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-847f954 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="847f954" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
440						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
441					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9a4c0bd" data-id="9a4c0bd" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
442			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
443						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7e3de2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7e3de2e" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
444				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
445									<p>At this new level, two 1st century buildings, separated from each other by a narrow laneway were constructed. The smaller of the two buildings, built in brick, was most probably a Roman house, a domus. It was at least 3 stories high and was built around a central courtyard. The lowest level to which the present access steps lead down was a semi-interred area with crypto portico or underground gallery and a grotto-like vaulted area probably used as a dining area in the summer months. Around the end of the 2nd century this underground area was transformed into a temple complex by the followers of the Mithraic religion.</p>								</div>
446				</div>
447					</div>
448		</div>
449				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9da5c12" data-id="9da5c12" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
450			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
451						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cc65ff1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="cc65ff1" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
452				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
453												<figure class="wp-caption">
454										<img decoding="async" width="958" height="639" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo.-altare-di-Mitra.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1550" alt="" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo.-altare-di-Mitra.jpg 958w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo.-altare-di-Mitra-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo.-altare-di-Mitra-768x512.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 958px) 100vw, 958px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Altar of Mithras</figcaption>
455										</figure>
456									</div>
457				</div>
458					</div>
459		</div>
460					</div>
461		</section>
462				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c680ee5 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="c680ee5" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
463						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
464					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-17b856f" data-id="17b856f" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
465			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
466						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3b1f1dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="3b1f1dd" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
467				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
468												<figure class="wp-caption">
469										<img decoding="async" width="957" height="640" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo-Zecca-Imperiale.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1549" alt="" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo-Zecca-Imperiale.jpg 957w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo-Zecca-Imperiale-300x201.jpg 300w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/I-Secolo-Zecca-Imperiale-768x514.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 957px) 100vw, 957px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Imperial Mint</figcaption>
470										</figure>
471									</div>
472				</div>
473					</div>
474		</div>
475				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f6f5d5b" data-id="f6f5d5b" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
476			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
477						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-571bfb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="571bfb3" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
478				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
479									On the other side of the lane, there is a very different type of building. It is monumental in proportions. It consisted of an outside wall of tufa blocks capped with great blocks of Travertine. The building was rectangular in form and was twice the length of the church above. It consisted of a central courtyard, surrounded by a series of simple, cell like rooms, vaulted in Roman concrete with herring bone pattern floors.  The doors leading to the unexcavated courtyard were blocked up when the building was abandoned and today one walks from room to room through openings broken in the interior walls. Here there is no trace of stuccoed ceilings or painted plaster. It has rather, the character of a public storehouse. Present research suggests that it was part of the imperial mint which is known to have been established in this area in the 1st century.								</div>
480				</div>
481					</div>
482		</div>
483					</div>
484		</section>
485				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8200436 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="8200436" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
486						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
487					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fea11b7" data-id="fea11b7" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
488			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
489						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6567cf0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6567cf0" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
490				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
491									This monumental tufa block building was filled in and abandoned in the 3rd century and served as the foundation for the building of a new structure above its vaulted rooms. This new 3rd century building was a very extensive complex.   From the fragments of painted plaster which survive it seems to have been a private house or domus.  It is very possible that this building or part of it was converted into a church and that here we find the church mentioned by Saint Jerome.  At this period, in the neighbouring building, the Mithraic religion was practised.
492Around the year 400, the building which may have already contained the house church of Saint Clement, was transformed into a basilica. It was divided into a central nave and two side aisles.  Entering from a courtyard or atrium, it had a monumental colonnaded entrance and for the sanctuary area, an apse was built over the Mithraic complex of the adjoining house.								</div>
493				</div>
494					</div>
495		</div>
496				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a35d703" data-id="a35d703" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
497			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
498						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-393ecf5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="393ecf5" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
499				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
500												<figure class="wp-caption">
501										<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="768" height="512" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Inferiore_SanClemente-768x512.jpg" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-1519" alt="" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Inferiore_SanClemente-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Inferiore_SanClemente-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Inferiore_SanClemente.jpg 960w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Lower Basilica</figcaption>
502										</figure>
503									</div>
504				</div>
505					</div>
506		</div>
507					</div>
508		</section>
509				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d985ecc elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="d985ecc" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
510						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
511					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc347ad" data-id="fc347ad" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
512			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
513						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-14850a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="14850a6" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
514				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
515												<figure class="wp-caption">
516										<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="638" height="750" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Monogramma-Giovanni-II.jpeg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1925" alt="" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Monogramma-Giovanni-II.jpeg 638w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Monogramma-Giovanni-II-255x300.jpeg 255w" sizes="(max-width: 638px) 100vw, 638px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Schola Cantorum - Monogram of Pope John II</figcaption>
517										</figure>
518									</div>
519				</div>
520					</div>
521		</div>
522				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-29ccc78" data-id="29ccc78" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
523			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
524						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ddf495c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ddf495c" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
525				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
526									In later centuries, this early basilica was to see many additions. Certainly, one of the most important periods in the life of the church was in the 6th century, the time of the Titular priest Mercurius, who later became Pope John II. It was during his time that the Solea or chancel was constructed which extended down the central nave from the high altar almost to the entrance.  The panels of this chancel, with the monogram of Pope John II, now form part of the choir in the church above. Beautifully carved, they were made in Constantinople for this church of San Clemente. The simple mosaic floor of the lower church also dates to this period, as do the areas recently discovered on the north side of the church, the secretarium (sacristy) and the monumental baptistry.
527Frescoes were added at different periods, the oldest surviving being the 8th century fresco showing the Madonna as a Byzantine queen in the north aisle. Other frescoes were painted in the 9th century. In the 11th century, shortly before the church was abandoned, walls were built between the columns of the entrance and around columns in the central nave of the church. These walls were covered in fresco painting, giving us the world’s most important collection of frescoes for the period. Among these is depicted the legend of Sissinius with its famous example of early Italian.								</div>
528				</div>
529					</div>
530		</div>
531					</div>
532		</section>
533				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-23f5815 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="23f5815" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
534						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
535					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-241ef56" data-id="241ef56" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
536			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
537						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-17c1ae2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="17c1ae2" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
538				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
539									<p>The lower basilica was abandoned about the year 1100. By this time the street level had risen considerably, a situation which most probably gave rise to the need to build a church on a higher level. Foundation walls were built, relics and marble were removed to the new church and the old basilica was filled with rubble to the height of the capitals. The old walls rising above the rubble were used for the construction of the smaller 12th century basilica as can be seen from the arches at the sacristy door today.</p>								</div>
540				</div>
541					</div>
542		</div>
543				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-873d516" data-id="873d516" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
544			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
545						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4a16d9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="4a16d9a" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
546				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
547												<figure class="wp-caption">
548										<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="960" height="640" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Basilica-Superiore-.-Entrata.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1679" alt="BASILICA SUPERIORE – Il PROTIRO" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Basilica-Superiore-.-Entrata.jpg 960w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Basilica-Superiore-.-Entrata-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/Basilica-Superiore-.-Entrata-768x512.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 100v
548w, 960px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Upper Basilica – Porch</figcaption>
549										</figure>
550									</div>
551				</div>
552					</div>
553		</div>
554					</div>
555		</section>
556				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d0952d4 elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="d0952d4" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
557						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
558					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3301221" data-id="3301221" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
559			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
560						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-58f1b17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="58f1b17" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
561				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
562												<figure class="wp-caption">
563										<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="960" height="640" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Superiore-Schola-Cantorum-2.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1565" alt="" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Superiore-Schola-Cantorum-2.jpg 960w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Superiore-Schola-Cantorum-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Superiore-Schola-Cantorum-2-768x512.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Upper Basilica - Interior</figcaption>
564										</figure>
565									</div>
566				</div>
567					</div>
568		</div>
569				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cf1dc34" data-id="cf1dc34" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
570			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
571						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-151dd50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="151dd50" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
572				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
573									<p>Inside the basilica, the mosaic of the apse, the cosmatesque floor, the marble choir or <em>schola cantorum</em> with its amboes, the throne or <em>cathedra</em> in the apse, were all original elements of the church. In this period, as in later ones, the walls of the aisles were covered with frescoes, fragments of which remain today.</p>								</div>
574				</div>
575					</div>
576		</div>
577					</div>
578		</section>
579				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ebac17e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="ebac17e" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
580						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
581					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-025d3ff" data-id="025d3ff" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
582			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
583						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8cdbb30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="8cdbb30" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
584				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
585									Many other works were added in the following centuries. Among these additions are the tabernacle, created in the 14th century and the Chapel of St Catherine with frescoes by Masolino da Panicale in the 15th century. The largest restoration and decoration of the Basilica took place under Pope Clement XI in 1715. The ceiling, clerestory frescoes and stucco decoration date back to this period, when the Chapel of St Dominic was also redecorated and the atrium restored. The chapel in honour of St. Cyril and St. Methodius, which today contains the relics of St. Cyril, was added in 1880.								</div>
586				</div>
587					</div>
588		</div>
589				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f7f083a" data-id="f7f083a" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
590			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
591						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0a340e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="0a340e2" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
592				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
593												<figure class="wp-caption">
594										<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="634" height="750" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/il-tabernacolo-630x750-1.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1926" alt="Il Tabernacolo" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/il-tabernacolo-630x750-1.jpg 634w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/il-tabernacolo-630x750-1-254x300.jpg 254w" sizes="(max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Tabernacle</figcaption>
595										</figure>
596									</div>
597				</div>
598					</div>
599		</div>
600					</div>
601		</section>
602				<section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf4e11e elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="bf4e11e" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section">
603						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
604					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9840cf4" data-id="9840cf4" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
605			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
606						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b0bd3c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="b0bd3c1" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default">
607				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
608												<figure class="wp-caption">
609										<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="959" height="640" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Superiore-interno_San-Clemente.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1516" alt="" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Superiore-interno_San-Clemente.jpg 959w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Superiore-interno_San-Clemente-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Basilica-Superiore-interno_San-Clemente-768x513.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 959px) 100vw, 959px" />											<figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text">Upper Basilica - Schola Cantorum</figcaption>
610										</figure>
611									</div>
612				</div>
613					</div>
614		</div>
615				<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-36c24e2" data-id="36c24e2" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
616			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated">
617						<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-669279c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="669279c" data-element_type="widget" data-e-type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default">
618				<div class="elementor-widget-container">
619									<p>So, the new San Clemente which we know today was built at this new level and the existence of the old basilica was forgotten until, it was rediscovered and brought to light between 1857 and 1870, through the excavations of Father Mullooly and the help of Giovanni Battista de Rossi, the father of Christian Archaeology.</p><p>In its early years this new San Clemente had a community of Canons living in a canonry attached to the basilica. Then in 1403, Boniface IX gave the care of the basilica into the hands of Ambrosian monks, a recently founded monastic community. The Ambrosians had charge of the basilica until 1643.</p><p>In 1645 the Cardinal titular Camillo Pamphili, nephew of Pope Innocent X, entrusted the basilica into the care of the Dominicans of San Sisto. In 1667, Cardinal Maidalchini, successor of Cardinal Pamphili, gave the property in perpetuity to the Dominican Order.</p><p><br />Ten years later the Basilica and house of San Clemente, together with the Basilica and house of San Sisto Vecchio, in front of the Baths of Caracalla, were given to the Irish Dominicans as houses of study. Because of religious persecution in Ireland, they needed houses abroad where young Dominicans could study and prepare for the priesthood. From 1677 to today, the Irish Dominicans administer and care for the Basilica of San Clemente.</p>								</div>
620				</div>
621					</div>
622		</div>
623					</div>
624		</section>
625					</div>
626		</div>
627					</div>
628		</section>
629				</div>
630		
631	
632	
633</div><!-- .entry-content .clear -->
634
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655<p><span style="color: #000000"><strong>Basilica di San Clemente</strong></span></p>
656</div></div>		</div>
657						</div>
658										</div>
659			</div>
660
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663	<div class="ast-builder-grid-row-container-inner">
664					<div class="ast-builder-footer-grid-columns site-primary-footer-inner-wrap ast-builder-grid-row">
665											<div class="site-footer-primary-section-1 site-footer-section site-footer-section-1">
666								<div class="footer-widget-area widget-area site-footer-focus-item" data-section="section-footer-menu">
667							</div>
668							</div>
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675					<div class="ast-builder-footer-grid-columns site-below-footer-inner-wrap ast-builder-grid-row">
676											<div class="site-footer-below-section-1 site-footer-section site-footer-section-1">
677								<div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-footer-focus-item ast-footer-copyright" data-section="section-footer-builder">
678				<div class="ast-footer-copyright"><p>&copy; 2026 Basilica di San Clemente - Via Labicana, 95, 00184 Roma RM, Italia - C.F. 80421090582 - P.I. 05241671006</p>
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681											<div class="site-footer-below-section-2 site-footer-section site-footer-section-2">
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684						</div>
685											<div class="site-footer-below-section-3 site-footer-section site-footer-section-3">
686								<div class="footer-widget-area widget-area site-footer-focus-item ast-footer-html-2" data-section="section-fb-html-2">
687				<div class="ast-header-html inner-link-style-"><div class="ast-builder-html-element"><p><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a><br />
688Powered by <a href="https://www.duva.eu" target="_blank" rel="noopener">D'Uva</a></p>
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692			</div>
693
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695	</footer><!-- #colophon -->
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718	<div class="cmplz-header">
719		<div class="cmplz-logo"><a href="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/eng/" class="custom-logo-link transparent-custom-logo" rel="home" itemprop="url" aria-label="Basilica di San Clemente"><img width="70" height="100" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente-70x100.png" class="custom-logo" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente-70x100.png 70w, https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/cropped-Logo_basilica_san-clemente.png 104w" sizes="(max-width: 70px) 100v
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720		<div class="cmplz-title" id="cmplz-header-1-optin">Gestisci Consenso Cookie</div>
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722			<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="times" class="svg-inline--fa fa-times fa-w-11" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 352 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M242.72 256l100.07-100.07c12.28-12.28 12.28-32.19 0-44.48l-22.24-22.24c-12.28-12.28-32.19-12.28-44.48 0L176 189.28 75.93 89.21c-12.28-12.28-32.19-12.28-44.48 0L9.21 111.45c-12.28 12.28-12.28 32.19 0 44.48L109.28 256 9.21 356.07c-12.28 12.28-12.28 32.19 0 44.48l22.24 22.24c12.28 12.28 32.2 12.28 44.48 0L176 322.72l100.07 100.07c12.28 12.28 32.2 12.28 44.48 0l22.24-22.24c12.28-12.28 12.28-32.19 0-44.48L242.72 256z"></path></svg>
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724	</div>
725
726	<div class="cmplz-divider cmplz-divider-header"></div>
727	<div class="cmplz-body">
728		<div class="cmplz-message" id="cmplz-message-1-optin">Per fornire le migliori esperienze, utilizziamo tecnologie come i cookie per memorizzare e/o accedere alle informazioni del dispositivo. Il consenso a queste tecnologie ci permetterà di elaborare dati come il comportamento di navigazione o ID unici su questo sito. Non acconsentire o ritirare il consenso può influire negativamente su alcune caratteristiche e funzioni.</div>
729		<!-- categories start -->
730		<div class="cmplz-categories">
731			<div class="cmplz-category cmplz-functional">
732				<div class="cmplz-category-header">
733					<span class="cmplz-category-title" id="cmplz-title-functional-1-optin">Funzionale</span>
734					<span class='cmplz-always-active'>
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744						Always active					</span>
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746							aria-expanded="false"
747							aria-controls="cmplz-desc-functional-1-optin"
748							aria-labelledby="cmplz-title-functional-1-optin">
749						<span class="cmplz-icon cmplz-open">
750							<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18"><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg>
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754				<div class="cmplz-description" id="cmplz-desc-functional-1-optin" hidden>
755					<span class="cmplz-description-functional">L'archiviazione tecnica o l'accesso sono strettamente necessari al fine legittimo di consentire l'uso di un servizio specifico esplicitamente richiesto dall'abbonato o dall'utente, o al solo scopo di effettuare la trasmissione di una comunicazione su una rete di comunicazione elettronica.</span>
756				</div>
757			</div>
758
759			<div class="cmplz-category cmplz-preferences">
760				<div class="cmplz-category-header">
761					<span class="cmplz-category-title" id="cmplz-title-preferences-1-optin">Preferenze</span>
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763						<input type="checkbox"
764								id="cmplz-preferences-optin"
765								data-category="cmplz_preferences"
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776							<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18">
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781					<span class="cmplz-description-preferences">L'archiviazione tecnica o l'accesso sono necessari per lo scopo legittimo di memorizzare le preferenze che non sono richieste dall'abbonato o dall'utente.</span>
782				</div>
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785			<div class="cmplz-category cmplz-statistics">
786				<div class="cmplz-category-header">
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805				</div>
806				<div class="cmplz-description" id="cmplz-desc-statistics-1-optin" hidden>
807					<span class="cmplz-description-statistics">L'archiviazione tecnica o l'accesso che viene utilizzato esclusivamente per scopi statistici.</span>
808					<span class="cmplz-description-statistics-anonymous">L'archiviazione tecnica o l'accesso che viene utilizzato esclusivamente per scopi statistici anonimi. Senza un mandato di comparizione, una conformità volontaria da parte del vostro Fornitore di Servizi Internet, o ulteriori registrazioni da parte di terzi, le informazioni memorizzate o recuperate per questo scopo da sole non possono di solito essere utilizzate per l'identificazione.</span>
809				</div>
810			</div>
811
812			<div class="cmplz-category cmplz-marketing">
813				<div class="cmplz-category-header">
814					<span class="cmplz-category-title" id="cmplz-title-marketing-1-optin">Marketing</span>
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816						<input type="checkbox"
817								id="cmplz-marketing-optin"
818								data-category="cmplz_marketing"
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820								size="40"
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825							aria-expanded="false"
826							aria-controls="cmplz-desc-marketing-1-optin"
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828						<span class="cmplz-icon cmplz-open">
829							<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18"><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg>
830						</span>
831					</button>
832				</div>
833				<div class="cmplz-description" id="cmplz-desc-marketing-1-optin" hidden>
834					<span class="cmplz-description-marketing">L'archiviazione tecnica o l'accesso sono necessari per creare profili di utenti per inviare pubblicità, o per tracciare l'utente su un sito web o su diversi siti web per scopi di marketing simili.</span>
835				</div>
836			</div>
837		</div><!-- categories end -->
838			</div>
839
840	<div class="cmplz-links cmplz-information">
841		<ul>
842			<li><a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-options cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-manage-consent-container">Manage options</a></li>
843			<li><a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-third-parties cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-cookie
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844			<li><a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-vendors tcf cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-tcf-wrapper">Manage {vendor_count} vendors</a></li>
845			<li><a class="cmplz-link cmplz-external cmplz-read-more-purposes tcf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://cookiedatabase.org/tcf/purposes/" aria-label="Read more about TCF purposes on Cookie Database">Read more about these purposes</a></li>
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848
849	<div class="cmplz-divider cmplz-footer"></div>
850
851	<div class="cmplz-buttons">
852		<button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-accept">Accetta</button>
853		<button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-deny">Nega</button>
854		<button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-view-preferences">Visualizza le preferenze</button>
855		<button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-save-preferences">Salva preferenze</button>
856		<a class="cmplz-btn cmplz-manage-options tcf cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-manage-consent-container">Visualizza le preferenze</a>
857			</div>
858
859
860	<div class="cmplz-documents cmplz-links">
861		<ul>
862			<li><a class="cmplz-link cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a></li>
863			<li><a class="cmplz-link privacy-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a></li>
864			<li><a class="cmplz-link impressum" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a></li>
865		</ul>
866			</div>
867</div>
868</div>
869					<div id="cmplz-manage-consent" data-nosnippet="true"><button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-hidden cmplz-manage-consent manage-consent-1" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-controls="cmplz-cookiebanner-1-optin">Gestisci consenso</button>
870
871</div>		<div data-elementor-type="popup" data-elementor-id="2766" class="elementor elementor-2766 elementor-location-popup" data-elementor-settings="{&quot;entrance_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;exit_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;entrance_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;0.5&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;prevent_close_on_background_click&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;a11y_navigation&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;triggers&quot;:{&quot;page_load&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;page_load_delay&quot;:0},&quot;timing&quot;:[]}" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library">
872					<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-584f07e9 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="584f07e9" data-element_type="section" data-e-type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}">
873						<div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no">
874					<div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a0626f5" data-id="4a0626f5" data-element_type="column" data-e-type="column">
875			<div class="elementor-widget-wrap">
876							</div>
877		</div>
878					</div>
879		</section>
880				</div>
881					
881<script>
882				( () => {
883					const lazyloadRunObserver = () => {
884						const lazyloadBackgrounds = document.querySelectorAll( `.e-con.e-parent:not(.e-lazyloaded)` );
885						const lazyloadBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver( ( entries ) => {
886							entries.forEach( ( entry ) => {
887								if ( entry.isIntersecting ) {
888									let lazyloadBackground = entry.target;
889									if( lazyloadBackground ) {
890										lazyloadBackground.classList.add( 'e-lazyloaded' );
891									}
892									lazyloadBackgroundObserver.unobserve( entry.target );
893								}
894							});
895						}, { rootMargin: '200px 0px 200px 0px' } );
896						lazyloadBackgrounds.forEach( ( lazyloadBackground ) => {
897							lazyloadBackgroundObserver.observe( lazyloadBackground );
898						} );
899					};
900					const events = [
901						'DOMContentLoaded',
902						'elementor/lazyload/observe',
903					];
904					events.forEach( ( event ) => {
905						document.addEventListener( event, lazyloadRunObserver );
906					} );
907				} )();
908			</script>
908
909			
909<script id="astra-theme-js-js-extra">
910var astra = {"break_point":"921","isRtl":"","is_scroll_to_id":"","is_scroll_to_top":"","is_header_footer_builder_active":"1","responsive_cart_click":"flyout","is_dark_palette":""};
911//# sourceURL=astra-theme-js-js-extra
912</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 912
912
913<script id="astra-theme-js-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/js/minified/frontend.min.js?ver=4.13.10"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 913
913
914<script id="dynamic-conditions-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/plugins/dynamicconditions/Public/js/dynamic-conditions-public.js?ver=1.7.5"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 914
914
915<script id="pll_cookie_script-js-after">
916(function() {
917				var expirationDate = new Date();
918				expirationDate.setTime( expirationDate.getTime() + 31536000 * 1000 );
919				document.cookie = "pll_language=eng; expires=" + expirationDate.toUTCString() + "; path=/; secure; SameSite=Lax";
920			}());
921
922//# sourceURL=pll_cookie_script-js-after
923</script>
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923
924<script id="elementor-webpack-runtime-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/webpack.runtime.min.js?ver=4.2.4"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 924
924
925<script id="elementor-frontend-modules-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend-modules.min.js?ver=4.2.4"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 925
925
926<script id="jquery-ui-core-js-before">
927jQuery.uiBackCompat = true;
928//# sourceURL=jquery-ui-core-js-before
929</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 929
929
930<script id="jquery-ui-core-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.14.2"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 930
930
931<script id="elementor-frontend-js-before">
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934
935<script id="elementor-frontend-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=4.2.4"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 935
935
936<script id="cmplz-cookiebanner-js-extra">
937var complianz = {"prefix":"cmplz_","debug":"","user_banner_id":"1","set_cookies":[],"block_ajax_content":"","banner_version":"29","version":"7.5.4","store_consent":"","do_not_track_enabled":"1","consenttype":"optin","region":"eu","geoip":"","dismiss_timeout":"","disable_cookiebanner":"","soft_cookiewall":"","dismiss_on_scroll":"","cookie_expiry":"365","url":"https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-json/complianz/v1/","locale":"lang=en&locale=en_GB","set_cookies_on_root":"","cookie_domain":"","current_policy_id":"16","cookie_path":"/","categories":{"statistics":"statistics","marketing":"marketing"},"tcf_active":"","placeholdertext":"Click to accept {category} cookies and enable this content","css_file":"https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/uploads/complianz/css/banner-{banner_id}-{type}.css?v=29","page_links":{"eu":{"privacy-statement":{"title":"Privacy","url":"https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/privacy/"}}},"tm_categories":"","forceEnableStats":"","preview":"","clean_cookies":"","aria_label":"Click to accept {category} cookies and enable this content","iapi_nav":"fallback"};
938//# sourceURL=cmplz-cookiebanner-js-extra
939</script>
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939
940<script defer id="cmplz-cookiebanner-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/plugins/complianz-gdpr/cookiebanner/js/complianz.min.js?ver=1788418778"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 940
940
941<script id="cmplz-cookiebanner-js-after">
942		if ('undefined' != typeof window.jQuery) {
943			jQuery(document).ready(function ($) {
944				$(document).on('elementor/popup/show', () => {
945					let rev_cats = cmplz_categories.reverse();
946					for (let key in rev_cats) {
947						if (rev_cats.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
948							let category = cmplz_categories[key];
949							if (cmplz_has_consent(category)) {
950								document.querySelectorAll('[data-category="' + category + '"]').forEach(obj => {
951									cmplz_remove_placeholder(obj);
952								});
953							}
954						}
955					}
956
957					let services = cmplz_get_services_on_page();
958					for (let key in services) {
959						if (services.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
960							let service = services[key].service;
961							let category = services[key].category;
962							if (cmplz_has_service_consent(service, category)) {
963								document.querySelectorAll('[data-service="' + service + '"]').forEach(obj => {
964									cmplz_remove_placeholder(obj);
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966							}
967						}
968					}
969				});
970			});
971		}
972    
973    
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975			document.addEventListener("cmplz_enable_category", function(consentData) {
976				var category = consentData.detail.category;
977				var services = consentData.detail.services;
978				var blockedContentContainers = [];
979				let selectorVideo = '.cmplz-elementor-widget-video-playlist[data-category="'+category+'"],.elementor-widget-video[data-category="'+category+'"]';
980				let selectorGeneric = '[data-cmplz-elementor-href][data-category="'+category+'"]';
981				for (var skey in services) {
982					if (services.hasOwnProperty(skey)) {
983						let service = skey;
984						selectorVideo +=',.cmplz-elementor-widget-video-playlist[data-service="'+service+'"],.elementor-widget-video[data-service="'+service+'"]';
985						selectorGeneric +=',[data-cmplz-elementor-href][data-service="'+service+'"]';
986					}
987				}
988				document.querySelectorAll(selectorVideo).forEach(obj => {
989					let elementService = obj.getAttribute('data-service');
990					if ( cmplz_is_service_denied(elementService) ) {
991						return;
992					}
993					if (obj.classList.contains('cmplz-elementor-activated')) return;
994					obj.classList.add('cmplz-elementor-activated');
995
996					if ( obj.hasAttribute('data-cmplz_elementor_widget_type') ){
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998						obj.classList.removeAttribute('data-cmplz_elementor_widget_type');
999						obj.classList.setAttribute('data-widget_type', attr);
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1001					if (obj.classList.contains('cmplz-elementor-widget-video-playlist')) {
1002						obj.classList.remove('cmplz-elementor-widget-video-playlist');
1003						obj.classList.add('elementor-widget-video-playlist');
1004					}
1005					obj.setAttribute('data-settings', obj.getAttribute('data-cmplz-elementor-settings'));
1006					blockedContentContainers.push(obj);
1007				});
1008
1009				document.querySelectorAll(selectorGeneric).forEach(obj => {
1010					let elementService = obj.getAttribute('data-service');
1011					if ( cmplz_is_service_denied(elementService) ) {
1012						return;
1013					}
1014					if (obj.classList.contains('cmplz-elementor-activated')) return;
1015
1016					if (obj.classList.contains('cmplz-fb-video')) {
1017						obj.classList.remove('cmplz-fb-video');
1018						obj.classList.add('fb-video');
1019					}
1020
1021					obj.classList.add('cmplz-elementor-activated');
1022					obj.setAttribute('data-href', obj.getAttribute('data-cmplz-elementor-href'));
1023					blockedContentContainers.push(obj.closest('.elementor-widget'));
1024				});
1025
1026				/**
1027				 * Trigger the widgets in Elementor
1028				 */
1029				for (var key in blockedContentContainers) {
1030					if (blockedContentContainers.hasOwnProperty(key) && blockedContentContainers[key] !== undefined) {
1031						let blockedContentContainer = blockedContentContainers[key];
1032						if (elementorFrontend.elementsHandler) {
1033							elementorFrontend.elementsHandler.runReadyTrigger(blockedContentContainer)
1034						}
1035						var cssIndex = blockedContentContainer.getAttribute('data-placeholder_class_index');
1036						blockedContentContainer.classList.remove('cmplz-blocked-content-container');
1037						blockedContentContainer.classList.remove('cmplz-placeholder-' + cssIndex);
1038					}
1039				}
1040
1041			});
1042		
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1045
1046<script id="elementor-pro-webpack-runtime-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/webpack-pro.runtime.min.js?ver=4.1.2"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 1046
1046
1047<script id="wp-hooks-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=f0f188028580e8dc1255"></script>
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1047
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1048
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1052
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1055//# sourceURL=elementor-pro-frontend-js-before
1056</script>
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1056
1057<script id="elementor-pro-frontend-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=4.1.2"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 1057
1057
1058<script id="pro-elements-handlers-js" src="https://www.basilicasanclemente.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/elements-handlers.min.js?ver=4.1.2"></script>
1058
1059			
1059<script>
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1061
1062			
1062<script id="wp-emoji-settings" type="application/json">
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1064</script>
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1064
1065<script type="module">
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1070	</body>
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