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60 61<div id="heading" > 62<center> 63<h1><strong>The OEIS Foundation Inc.</strong></h1> 64</center> 65</div> 66<div id="subheading" > 67<center> 68</center> 69</div> 70<div id="container-main-fm"> 71<div id="holder1"> 72<div id="contents1"> 73<div> 74<h4>On this page:</h4> 75<ul> 76<li><a href="index.html#GOALS"> <strong>Goals of OEIS Foundation</strong> </a></li> 77<li><a href="index.html#DESC"> <strong>Description of OEIS®</strong> </a></li> 78<li><a href="index.html#USED"> <strong>How the OEIS is used</strong> </a></li> 79<li><a href="index.html#HISTORY"> <strong>History of OEIS</strong> </a></li> 80<li><a href="index.html#STATUS"> <strong>The new OEIS</strong> </a></li> 81<li><a href="index.html#FURTHER"> <strong>More about goals of Foundation</strong> </a></li> 82<li><a href="index.html#ADVISORY"> <strong>The OEIS Foundation Advisory Board</strong> </a></li> 83<li><a href="index.html#EXEMPT"> <strong>Tax-exempt status and other legal documents</strong> </a></li> 84<li><a 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href="http://oeis.org/wiki/The_OEIS_End-User_License_Agreement" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><strong>OEIS End-User License Agreement</strong></a></li> 138<li><a href="https://oeis.org/OEISTermsOfUse.pdf" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><strong>OEIS Terms of Use</strong></a></li> 139</ul> 140</div> 141</div> 142</div> 143</div> 144<div id="container-3-fm"> 145<div id="holder2"> 146<div id="chunk"> 147<h2 id="GOALS">Goals of The OEIS Foundation Inc.</h2> 148<p>The OEIS Foundation Inc. is a New Jersey nonprofit corporation 149(#0101000611; Articles of incorporation 150<a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/Charity/Incorporation.pdf">filed</a> with the State 151of New Jersey, April 14 2009; EIN 30-0562250) whose main goals are 152the following four items:</p> 153<ol> 154<li>To own the intellectual property known as 155“<a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences</a>®” 156(or 157“<a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" 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164These goals are described in greater detail in a 165<a href="index.html#FURTHER">later section</a> 166of this web page, 167and in the 168<a href="FoundationDocs/ArticlesOfInc/Art.pdf"><strong>Articles of Incorporation</strong></a> 169and 170<a href="FoundationDocs/Bylaws/Bylaws2021.pdf"><strong>Bylaws</strong></a>.</p> 171<p>To facilitate the fourth goal, The 172OEIS Foundation Inc. has been approved by the 173Internal Revenue Service as a charity and a Section 501(c)(3) 174tax-exempt organization. For details please see the section on 175<a href="index.html#EXEMPT">Tax-exempt status</a>. 176Tax-deductible donations to The OEIS Foundation Inc. 177can be made through PayPal using the icon at the top right 178of this page (see also <a href="index.html#CONTACT">below</a>).</p> 179<p>Note: Except when used in the name of this corporation 180(The OEIS Foundation Inc.), the word “OEIS” is an abbreviation for 181“The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences®”.</p> 182</div> 183<div id="chunk"> 184<h2 id="DESC">Description of <a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences</a>® (or <a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">OEIS</a>®)</h2> 185<p>The 186<a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences</a>® (<a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">OEIS</a>®) 187is the on-line version of a database of sequences of numbers which 188will soon be celebrating its 50th anniversary.</p> 189<p>A conventional dictionary is a collection of words, together with 190explanations of their meanings, hints for their pronunciation, 191pictures illustrating particular words, examples showing how 192the words have been used in books and newspapers, and so on.</p> 193<p>The OEIS is a collection of sequences of numbers (such as 1941, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, …) together with, for each sequence, a list 195of items such as:</p> 196<ul> 197<li>The first 10, or 10,000, or sometimes 500,000 terms of the sequence</li> 198<li>A definition or description of the sequence</li> 199<li>Comments explaining further properties of the sequence</li> 200<li>Formulas for generating the sequence</li> 201<li>Computer programs for generating the sequence</li> 202<li>References to books and articles where the sequence has appeared</li> 203<li>Links to web pages on the Internet where the sequence has appeared</li> 204<li>Cross-references to related entries in the OEIS</li> 205<li>The name of the person who submitted the sequence to the OEIS</li> 206<li>Further names of people who have added additional information about the sequence</li> 207<li>Examples illustrating some of the terms of the sequence (for example, sequence 208<a href="http://oeis.org/A000124" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">A124</a>. 209which gives the maximal number of pieces that can be obtained 210when cutting a circular pancake with n cuts, is illustrated with pictures 211showing the pieces obtained with n = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cuts)</li> 212<li>The history of each sequence in the OEIS as it has evolved over time</li> 213<li>Users of the OEIS may also view graphs or plots of each sequence, 214or to listen to the sequence when it is converted to music</li> 215</ul> 216<p>The OEIS currently contains about 300,000 entries (although that number will be out-of-date by the time you read it). These have been distilled from many 217sources - books, journals, articles, and letters and electronic mail messages 218from thousands of contributors. Since November 11, 2010, users have been able to
219use the Internet to submit contributions to the OEIS. All submissions are refereed.</p> 220</div> 221<div id="chunk"> 222<h2 id="USED">How the OEIS is used</h2> 223<p>The main use for the OEIS is to identify a number sequence 224that you have come across, perhaps in your work, while reading a book, 225or in a quiz, etc.</p> 226<p>For example, you discover what you think may be a new algorithm for 227checking that a file of medical records is in the correct order. 228(Perhaps you are a computer scientist or someone working in information science.)</p> 229<p>To handle files of 1, 2, 3, 4, … records, your algorithm takes 2300, 1, 3, 5, 9, 11, 14, 17, 25, … steps.</p> 231<p>How can you check if someone has discovered this algorithm before? 232You decide to ask the OEIS if this sequence has appeared before 233in the scientific literature.</p> 234<p>You go the OEIS web site, enter the numbers you have calculated, 235and click “Submit”.</p> 236<p>The reply tells you that this is sequence 237<a href="http://oeis.org/A003071" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">A3071</a>, 238which is the number of steps needed for “sorting by list merging”, 239a well-known algorithm. 240The entry directs you to Section 5.3.1 of Volume 3 of 241D. E. Knuth, “The Art of Computer Programming”, where you find your 242algorithm described. The entry even gives an explicit formula for the nth term. 243You decide not to apply for a patent!</p> 244<p>The OEIS web site includes a 245<a href="http://oeis.org/wiki/Works_Citing_OEIS" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">list</a> 246of some 4500 articles, books, theses, etc., 247that have acknowledged help from the OEIS.</p> 248<p>For further information about the OEIS, see the 249<a href="http://oeis.org/wiki/Welcome" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">OEIS Welcome Page</a>, 250the <a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Lookup Page</a>, 251the <a href="http://oeis.org/demo1.html" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Demonstration Pages</a>, 252or the 253<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On-Line_Encyclopedia_of_Integer_Sequences" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Wikipedia article</a>.</p> 254</div> 255<div id="chunk"> 256<h2 id="HISTORY">History of the OEIS</h2> 257<p>The collection was begun by Neil J. A. Sloane (henceforth, “NJAS”) 258in 1964 when he was a graduate student at Cornell University 259in Ithaca NY. He had encountered a sequence of numbers while working 260on his dissertation, namely 1, 8, 78, 944, … (now entry 261<a href="http://oeis.org/A000435" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">A435</a>. 262in the OEIS), 263and was looking for a formula for the n-th term, in order to 264determine the rate of growth of the terms.</p> 265<p>He noticed that although several books in the Cornell library contained 266sequences somewhat similar to this, this particular sequence 267was not mentioned. 268In order to keep track of the sequences in these books, NJAS started 269recording them on file cards, which he sorted into lexicographic order.</p> 270<p>The sequences were transferred to punched cards in 1967, and were 271made into a book in 1973 (“A Handbook of Integer Sequences”, by NJAS, 272Academic Press, NY).</p> 273<p>NJAS joined AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1969. Following the publication of 274the book, a large amount of correspondence ensued, with suggestions 275for further sequences and updates to the existing entries. Many 276people remarked how useful they found the book, and how surprising 277it was that no one had published such a collection before.</p> 278<p>By the early 1990’s over a cubic meter of correspondence had accumulated. 279A Canadian mathematician, Simon Plouffe, offered to help in 280preparing a revised edition of the book, and in 1995 “The Encyclopedia 281of Integer Sequences”, by NJAS and Simon Plouffe, was published 282by Academic Press, San Diego. 283(Simon Plouffe is now one of the 284<a href="Members/trustees.txt">Trustees</a> 285of The OEIS Foundation Inc.) 286The 1973 book contained 2372 sequences, and the 1995 book 5487 sequences, 287occupying 587 pages.</p> 288<p>Again, once the book appeared, many further sequences and updates were 289submitted from people all over the world. NJAS waited a year, until the 290size of the collection had doubled, to 10,000 entries, and then in 1996 291he launched the 292<a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences</a> 293on the Internet. 294From 1996 until November 11, 2010, this was part of NJAS’s home page 295on the <a href="http://www.research.att.com/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">AT&T Labs Web Site</a>.</p> 296<p>Since 1996, the collection has grown by 10,000 to 18,000 entries per year. 297At the present time (May 29, 2013) there are 225,735 entries. 298If it were to be published in book form today, it would require 299at least 750 volumes the size of the 1995 book.</p> 300<p>Starting in 2002, NJAS added a group of associate editors to help 301process submissions to the OEIS. However, because they did not 302have access to the computer where the OEIS was maintained, 303almost all the work of updating it had to be done single-handedly by NJAS. 304This involved processing 100 or 200 emails every day, and was getting to be 305beyond what one person could handle.</p> 306<p>In January 2009, therefore, it was decided to make a drastic change. 307We (NJAS and the associate editors) made a plan to convert 308the OEIS into a “wiki” format, somewhat along the lines of the 309well-known Wikipedia, which would be hosted by a commercial hosting 310service. (A copy of a letter of consent 311from AT&T agreeing to this course of action 312is available on request from NJAS.) 313It was also decided to set up the OEIS Foundation, 314the goals of which would be to own, 315maintain and raise funds to support the new version of the OEIS.</p> 316<p>Most of this went smoothly. 317The OEIS Foundation Inc. was incorporated in the State of New Jersey 318on April 14, 2009. 319We rented space on a commercial hosting service, 320and tried to move the OEIS to the new site.</p> 321<p>Here, however, we ran into a very serious problem. 322In the summer of 2009, when we tried to get the OEIS working as a wiki, 323we discovered that the Mediawiki software was not capable 324of handling the kind of queries that arise in looking up sequences. 325This was a disaster.</p> 326<p>It took us over a year to resolve this problem. 327In the end, 328<a href="https://swtch.com/~rsc/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Russ Cox</a> completely rewrote all 329the programs needed to maintain the database and answer queries - a huge task! 330NJAS’s colleague David Applegate 331has also been of enormous help in getting the new 332system working.</p> 333<p>As a result of their work, the new 334<a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">OEIS</a> 335was finally launched on November 11, 2010. 336(For more details, see the attached 337<a href="PressReleases/2010-11-17.txt">announcement</a>.)</p> 338<p>It is now possible for anyone in the world to propose a new sequence or 339an update to an existing sequence. To do this, users must first 340<a href="http://oeis.org/wiki/Special:RequestAccount" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">register</a>. 341A group of about 130 342<a href="http://oeis.org/wiki/Editorial_Board" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">editors</a> 343has been formed, whose job it is to review submissions before 344they become a permanent part of the OEIS.</p> 345<p>So, after nearly two years of struggle, the OEIS was finally able to 346operate without NJAS having to approve every change. 347After 46 years of running the database, this came 348as a great relief to him.</p> 349</div> 350<div id="chunk"> 351<h2 id="STATUS">The new OEIS</h2> 352<p>As mentioned in the previous paragraph, the OEIS was successfully 353launched in its new 354home (<a href="http://oeis.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://oeis.org</a>) 355on November 11, 2010. At this time it contained 180,284 sequences.</p> 356<p>In the first full year of operation, 357from Nov 11 2010 to Dec 1 2011, 19716 new sequences 358were accepted, an average of over 50 per day, 359and there were about 250 edits per day of existing sequences. <br> 360We now have over 20 Editors-in-Chief and over 80 Associate Editors, 361and about 2000 registered users (see 362<a href="http://oeis.org/wiki/Special:ListUsers" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">here</a> 363for these lists).</p> 364<p>The following is a summary of the traffic 365on the new web site for the months of December 2010 and September 2015. 366The first four columns are the daily average, the last six columns are the total for the month. (These figures don’t mean much, since most of the traffic comes from web-crawlers, but are shown here because people often ask for them. The figures are lower for 2015 presumably because now the web-crawlers are only downloading pages that have changed.)</p> 367<table> 368<tr> 369<td> Hits </td><td> Files </td><td> Pages </td><td> Visits </td><td>   |   </td><td> Sites </td><td> KBytes </td><td> Visits </td><td> Pages </td><td> Files </td><td> Hits </td> 370</tr> 371<tr> 372<td>164491 </td><td> 93721 </td><td> 141310 </td><td> 8290 </td><td>  |   </td><td> 84612 </td><td> 40341570 </td><td> 257006 </td><td> 4380636 </td><td> 2905370 </td><td> 5099232 </td> 373</tr> 374<tr> 375<td>71347 </td><td> 69146 </td><td> 34105 </td><td> 1182 </td><td>  |   </td><td> 12236 </td><td> 11502230 </td><td> 26021 </td><td> 750326 </td><td> 1521224 </td><td> 1569648 </td> 376</tr> 377</table> 378<p>The Wiki part of the new OEIS can be found at 379<a href="http://oeis.org/wiki" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://oeis.org/wiki</a>.</p> 380<p>Sequence 381<a href="http://oeis.org/A200000" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">A200000</a> 382was added on November 20, 2011: this is an interesting sequence concerning paths (or “meanders”) through a grid.</p> 383<p>We reached 200000 sequences at midnight on December 1, 2011, the 200000-th 384sequence being 385<a href="http://oeis.org/A201463" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">A201463</a>: see the 386<a href="PressReleases/2011-12-02.pdf"><strong>Press release.</strong></a></p> 387<p>In December 2014 the editors voted on which recently submitted sequence would become A250000. The winner was the Peaceable Queens sequence, originally submitted by Don Knuth on August 1, 2014, and renumbered as <a href="http://oeis.org/A250000" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">A250000</a> on December 15 2014.</p> 388<h2 id="JUNE2021">Announcement. June 28 2021: Russ Cox is new President of OEIS Foundation, Neil Sloane is now Chairman.</h2> 389<p>At a meeting of the Trustees of The OEIS Foundation Inc. on June 27 2021 it was decided that Ru
389ss Cox will take over as President of the Foundation and Neil Sloane will become Chairman of the Board.</p> 390<p>The main reason for this change is that Neil is now 81, and wishes to spend more time on his writing projects (which naturally involve sequences).</p> 391<p>The OEIS Foundation Inc. was set up in 2009 as a 501(c)(3) Public Charity whose purpose is to own, maintain and raise funds to support The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (or OEIS) database. Neil James Alexander Sloane served as President of the Foundation from its creation until the present. Russell Stensby Cox has been a Trustee of the Foundation since its creation and has been Vice-President since 2019.</p> 392<p>But Russ’s association with the OEIS goes back a lot longer than that. He has been a contributor to and supporter of the database for more than 25 years. He was of great help when the OEIS was still on Neil Sloane’s home page at AT&T Bell Labs, and since the OEIS was moved to an independent hosting service in 2009/2010, Russ has been in charge of the software. Russ’s programs are the reason our server responds so quickly to the 630,000 queries we get every day.</p> 393<p>The OEIS could not be in better hands.</p> 394<p>[The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, or OEIS (https://oeis.org) was started in 1964 and has been online since 1995. It provides a unique service to the scientific community, identifying number sequences and providing comprehensive information about them. It contains 345,000 entries, has 10,000 registered users, and has been cited in the scientific literature nearly 10,000 times, very often with a comment that “this result would not have been discovered without the help of the OEIS”.]</p> 395</div> 396<div id="chunk"> 397<h2 id="FURTHER">Further details about the goals of The OEIS Foundation Inc.</h2> 398<p>The goals are repeated here, giving further details about each one.</p> 399<p>(1) To own the intellectual property known as “The On-Line 400Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences” (or “OEIS”).</p> 401<p>Added October 28, 2009: NJAS has now 402transferred his intellectual property in the OEIS 403to The OEIS Foundation Inc. 404For details see <a href="index.html#IPXFER">below</a>.</p> 405<p>(2) To maintain the OEIS as a service that is freely accessible 406by the general public.</p> 407<p>The <a href="http//oeis.org">new version</a> of the OEIS launched 408on November 11, 2010 (see the 409<a href="PressReleases/2010-11-17.txt">announcement</a>) 410can be accessed on the Internet free of charge 411by anyone in the world. 412It has 413the form of a “moderated wiki”. 414Any registered user (and 415<a href="http://oeis.org/wiki/Special:RequestAccount" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">registration</a> 416is free) can propose new sequences 417or modifications to existing entries. However, these proposals will not 418become a permanent part of the OEIS until they have been approved 419by a member of the Editorial Board. <br> 420People without access to the Internet can consult the OEIS 421via two free <a href="http://oeis.org/ol.html" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank"><strong>email services</strong></a>.</p> 422<p>One of the responsibilities of The OEIS Foundation Inc. is to keep 423the new version of the OEIS, 424(or, in future years, whatever replaces it) up and running 42524 hours a day, seven days a week. This will of course require maintaining 426all the computer programs that underlie the OEIS.</p> 427<p>(3) To act so as to maintain its own existence indefinitely.</p> 428<p>The trustees are to serve for a period of three years, with 429the option of unlimited renewals.</p> 430<p>The trustees are to elect the officers, and new members 431may be added as the needs of the OEIS evolve.</p> 432<p>The trustees are also to monitor the performance 433of the Editorial Board of the OEIS.</p> 434<p>It is hoped that the OEIS will survive into the distant future, 435and the Trustees of The OEIS Foundation Inc. are charged with taking 436“the long view”. This will include evolving the medium in which the 437OEIS is stored when that becomes necessary. 438Over the past 46 years the medium in which the OEIS has been 439stored has changed from file cards to punched cards to magnetic ta
439pe 440to magnetic disks, and no doubt further changes will be required in the future.</p> 441<p>A list of members of the <strong>Board of Trustees</strong> may be found 442<a href="Members/trustees.txt">here</a>.</p> 443<p>(4) To collect and distribute funds in order to carry out 444the first three goals.</p> 445<p>It is intended that The OEIS Foundation Inc. will be 446a charity and a Section 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. 447An application for tax-exempt status was filed with the Internal 448Revenue Service on July 2, 2009. 449Tax-exempt status was granted on September 10, 2009 (see the 450<a href="index.html#EXEMPT">following section</a>).</p> 451<p>Initially the expenses will be the costs involved with setting 452up The OEIS Foundation Inc., filing for tax-exempt status, and in maintaining 453the wiki version on a web hosting site. 454Additional expenses will arise from publicizing the Foundation at 455scientific meetings.</p> 456<p>Future expenses may include paying salaries to people to maintain the OEIS.</p> 457</div> 458<div id="chunk"> 459<h2 id="ADVISORY">The OEIS Foundation Advisory Board</h2> 460<p>The OEIS Advisory Board was created on May 7, 2013, 461with the goal of having a group of distinguished 462scientists that the 463<a href="Members/trustees.txt">Board of Trustees</a> 464and other members of the OEIS community can call upon for 465advice and guidance on matters related to the OEIS 466or the OEIS Foundation.</p> 467<p>A list of the members of the 468<strong>Advisory Board</strong> may be found 469<a href="Members/advisors.txt">here</a>.</p> 470<p>The Advisors will be invited to participate in meetings of the 471Board of Trustees, and to vote on resolutions, although 472their votes will not be counted in the official tally.</p> 473<p>To begin with, members may be added to or 474removed from the Advisory Board 475by the President after consultation with the Board of Trustees. 476Initially there will not be a fixed term for Advisory Board 477members.</p> 478<p>At some later time, the make-up of the Advisory Board may 479be added to the By-Laws.</p> 480</div> 481<div id="chunk"> 482<h2 id="EXEMPT">Tax-exempt status and other legal documents</h2> 483<p>We applied for tax-exempt status in the USA for The OEIS Foundation Inc. on July 2, 2009. 484Here is a copy of the 485<a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/TaxExempt/IRS/OEISXFormX1023.pdf">IRS Form 1023</a> 486that we submitted, 487and of an attachment containing 488<a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/TaxExempt/IRS/OEISXFdnXattachmentsXtoX1023.pdf">detailed responses</a> 489to certain sections of that form.</p> 490<p>On August 22, 2009, we received a <a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/TaxExempt/IRS/IRS_Aug.19.2009.pdf">letter from the IRS</a> 491requesting additional information and clarification of certain points.</p> 492<p>Neil J. A. Sloane replied on August 26, 2009, providing answers to 493these questions. His letter can be seen 494<a href="IRS.txt">here</a>.</p> 495<p>On September 10, 2009, the IRS approved our request. 496Their letter can be seen <a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/TaxExempt/IRS/IRS_Sep.10.2009.pdf">here</a>.</p> 497<p>The important points are as follows:</p> 498<ul> 499<li>The OEIS Foundation’s tax identification number or EIN is 30-0562250.</li> 500<li>Effective Date of Exemption: April 14, 2009. Accounting Period Ending: December 31.</li> 501<li>The OEIS Foundation Inc. is exempt from Federal income tax 502under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.</li> 503<li>Contributions to the Foundation are deductible under section 170 of the Code.</li> 504<li>The Foundation is also qualified to receive tax deductible bequests, devises, 505transfers or gifts under section 2055, 2106 506or 2522 of the Code.</li> 507<li>The IRS has determined that the Foundation is a public charity under 508section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of the Code.</li> 509</ul> 510<p>We are very grateful to <strong>Nancy Eberhardt, Esq.</strong>, Director of the 511<strong>New Jersey Program of the Pro Bono Partnership</strong>, for her invaluable help 512with all the legal matters involved in setting up and registering 513the OEIS Foundation.</p> 514<p>The New Jersey Pro Bono Partnership has also been of great help 515in putting us in touch with attorneys who have assisted us in drafting 516legal documents that we needed for our web site. 517Several times now we have asked Nancy Eberhardt Esq. and the 518New Jersey Pro Bono Partnership for help, and they have never let us down.</p> 519<p>We also thank <strong>Terry Ilardi, Esq.</strong>, Copyright Counsel for the IBM Corporation 520(working “Pro Bono”) who drafted our first two license agreements for us: the 521<a href="https://oeis.org/wiki/The_OEIS_Contributor%27s_License_Agreement" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">OEIS Contributor’s License Agreement</a> 522and the 523<a href="https://oeis.org/wiki/The_OEIS_End-User_License_Agreement" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">OEIS End-User License Agreement</a>.
524The OEIS Foundation is very grateful to him for his help.</p> 525<p>We also thank <strong>Shannon Hennessy Pulaski, Esq.</strong>, of Shannon Hennessy Pulaski, LLC (working “Pro Bono”) who drafted the <a href="https://oeis.org/OEISTermsOfUse.pdf" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">OEIS Terms of Use Agreement</a>. 526The OEIS Foundation is very grateful to her for her help.</p> 527<p><strong>Change of Registered Agent</strong>. July 7 2021: The Registered Agent for the OEIS Foundation Inc is now The CT Corporation System, 829 Bear Tavern Rd, West Trenton, NJ 08628. See the <a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/ChangeOfRegisteredAgent.pdf">Certificate</a>.</p> 528</div> 529<div id="chunk"> 530<h2 id="NJEXEMPT">Tax-exempt status in New Jersey</h2> 531<p>On November 3, 2009 we filed <a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/Charity/RegistrationOEIS_2009.pdf">documents</a> with various agencies of the State of New Jersey 532to register the OEIS Foundation Inc. as a new charity in NJ, and to apply 533for exemption from NJ business tax and NJ sales and use tax. <br> 534On November 12, 2009 we received a letter of 535<a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/TaxExempt/NJ/NJBusinessTaxExempt.pdf">exemption from NJ business tax</a>. <br> 536On November 24, 2009 we received a letter of 537<a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/TaxExempt/NJ/NJSalesTaxExempt.pdf">exemption from NJ sales and use tax</a>. <br> 538On November 24, 2009 we also received a 539<a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/TaxExempt/NJ/SalesTaxExemptCertif.pdf">NJ Sales Tax Exempt Organization Certificate</a>. <br> 540On December 2, 2009 we received a 541<a href="FoundationDocs/Registrations/Charity/NewCharities.pdf">NJ New Charities Registration letter</a>.</p> 542</div> 543<div id="chunk"> 544<h2 id="IPXFER">Transfer of IP in OEIS to The OEIS Foundation Inc.</h2> 545<p>The following is a slightly edited version of an 546announcement that NJAS made on October 27 2009 547to the Trustees of The OEIS Foundation Inc.</p> 548<blockquote> 549<p>Yesterday (Monday, October 26 2009) was a landmark day in 550the history of the OEIS. I transferred the intellectual 551property I own in the OEIS to The OEIS Foundation Inc. 552The letter of assignment can be seen <a href="FoundationDocs/IntellectualProperty/Quitc001.pdf">here</a>.</p> 553<p>To make the transfer precise, my colleague David Applegate and I burned a DVD 554containing a snapshot of the whole OEIS (the sequences, of course, 555as well as all the associated files), which accompanies the 556letter of assignment as Exhibit A.</p> 557<p>The DVD contains about 1.4GB. The main sequence file 558contains 164891 sequences. It is 2510785 lines long and 559contains 169521003 characters. There are also 10716 b-files, 560and the b-files and other similar files comprise 852M. 561Another 280M are files associated with the lookup process.</p> 562<p>I am grateful to Terry Ilardi, Esq., of IBM Corporation (working “Pro Bono”) who 563drafted the letter of assignment, and to David Applegate 564for help in creating the DVD.</p> 565</blockquote> 566</div> 567<div id="chunk"> 568<h2 id="TRADE">Trademarking “OEIS”</h2> 569<p>On June 16, 2010, we filed applications to trademark 570“The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences” 571and “OEIS” with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. 572We are very grateful to Debra A. Shelinsky Greene, Esq., Counsel, 573and Florence M. Niel Henits, Trademark Paralegal, both of the 574Trademarks and Copyrights division, Merck & Co., Inc., working “Pro Bono”, 575who filed the applications on behalf of The OEIS Foundation.</p> 576<p>“OEIS” was registered on February 8, 2011, as a United States 577Trademark (Registration Number 3,916,748). In the TESS Database, it has serial number 85064211. 578A copy of the certificate can be seen 579<a href="FoundationDocs/Trademark/OEIS_Trademark1.pdf"><strong>here</strong></a>. 580The 581<a href="FoundationDocs/Trademark/OEIS_Trademark2.pdf"><strong>Reverse side of Certificate of Registration</strong></a> 582lists requirements that we must fulfill during 2011-2021. 583See <a href="index.html#REMINDERS"> <strong>Annual reminders</strong>.</a></p> 584<p>“THE ON-LINE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF INTEGER SEQUENCES” was registered on December 20, 2011, as a United States 585Trademark (Registration Number 4,072,712). In the TESS Database, it has serial number 85064202. 586A copy of the certificate can be seen 587<a href="FoundationDocs/Trademark/OEIS_Trademark3.pdf"><strong>here</strong></a>. 588The 589<a href="FoundationDocs/Trademark/OEIS_Trademark4.pdf"><strong>Reverse side of Certificate of Registration</strong></a> 590lists requirements that we must fulfill during 2011-2021. 591See <a href="index.html#REMINDERS"> <strong>Annual reminders</strong>.</a></p> 592<p>The “Continuing Use” certification of the Trademark “OEIS” was accepted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office on May 25, 2016, and of the Trademark “THE ON-LINE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF INTEGER SEQUENCES” on April 11, 2017. 593We are very grateful to <strong>Merck & Co., Inc.,</strong> and in particular Denise Maistickle and Nancy Rowe of the Merck Office of General Counsel, working “Pro Bono”, who submitted these certifications on behalf of the OEIS Foundation. We also thank Nancy Eberhardt and Kate Marchese of the <strong>New Jersey Program of the Pro Bono Partnership</strong> for helping to bring this about.</p> 594<p>The “Continuing Use” certification of the Trademark “OEIS” was accepted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office on February 20, 2021. 595This means that the Trademark “OEIS”, Registration No. 3916748, has been renewed for ten years. 596me are very grateful to <strong>Merck & Co., Inc.,</strong> and in particular Kelly Ann Panno and Lisa Jakob of the Merck Office of General Counsel, working “Pro Bono”, who submitted these certifications on behalf of the OEIS Foundation. We also thank Christine Michelle Duffy oand Kate Marchese ef the <strong>New Jersey Program of the Pro Bono Partnership</strong> for helping to bring this about.</p> 597<p>Trademark registrations in the US last for 10 years so therefore our trademark renewals for our two existing trademark registrations are not due until Feb 8, 2021 for OEIS and Dec 20, 2021 for THE ON-LINE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF INTEGER SEQUENCES. (Beware of scams that try to tell us they are due for renewal before those dates.)</p> 598</div> 599<div id="chunk"> 600<h2 id="a-namefinancialfinancial-reportsa"><a name="FINANCIAL">Financial reports</a></h2> 601<p>The annual financial reports for the Foundation will be posted 602on this web site each Spring.</p> 603<p>The Treasurer’s Reports for 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 were corrected and certified on December 28 2018 by Mark Pollachek, President, Westminster Tax
603Services.</p> 604<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2009_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2009</strong></a> 605<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2009.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-N for 2009</strong></a></p> 606<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2010_OEISF_Treasurer_Report_corrected.png"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2010</strong></a> 607<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2010.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-N for 2010</strong></a></p> 608<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2011_OEISF_Treasurer_Report_corrected.png"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2011</strong></a> 609<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2011a.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-N for 2011</strong></a></p> 610<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2012_OEISF_Treasurer_Report_corrected.png"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2012</strong></a> 611<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2012a.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-N for 2012</strong></a></p> 612<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2013_OEISF_Treasurer_Report_corrected.png"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2013</strong></a> 613<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2013.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-N for 2013</strong></a></p> 614<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2014_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2014</strong></a> 615<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2014.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-N for 2014</strong></a></p> 616<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2015_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2015</strong></a> 617<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2015a.png"><strong>IRS Form 990-N for 2015</strong></a>.</p> 618<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2016_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2016</strong></a> 619<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2016.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-N for 2016</strong></a>.</p> 620<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2017_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2017</strong></a> 621<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990EZ_2017public.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-EZ for 2017</strong></a>.</p> 622<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2018_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2018</strong></a> 623<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2018_f990ez.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-EZ for 2018</strong></a>, 624<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2018_f990eza.pdf"><strong>990-EZ(A) for 2018</strong></a>.</p> 625<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2019_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2019</strong></a> 626<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2019_f990ez.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-EZ for 2019</strong></a>, 627<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2019_f990eza.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-EZ(A) for 2019</strong></a>.</p> 628<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2020_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2020</strong></a> 629<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2020_f990ez.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-EZ for 2020</strong></a>, 630<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2020_f990sa.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-SA for 2020</strong></a>.</p> 631<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2021_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2021</strong></a> 632<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2021_f990eza.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-EZ for 2021</strong></a>.</p> 633<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2022_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2022</strong></a> 634<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2022_f990ez.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-EZ for 2022</strong></a>.</p> 635<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2023_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2023</strong></a> 636<a href="Financials/IrsForms/2023_f990ez.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990-EZ for 2023</strong></a>.</p> 637<p><a href="Financials/TreasurerReports/2024_OEISF_Treasurer_Report.pdf"><strong>Treasurer’s Report for 2024</strong></a> 638<a href="Financials/IrsForms/OEIS_990_2024.pdf"><strong>IRS Form 990 for 2024</strong></a>.</p> 639</div> 640<div id="chunk"> 641<h2 id="a-namefundraisingthe-fundraising-committeea"><a name="FUNDRAISING">The Fundraising Committee</a></h2> 642<p>At the Board of Trustees meeting on June 8, 2010,
643it was unanimously agreed to establish a Fundraising Committee. 644The goal of the committee is to raise money to support 645the OEIS Foundation and the On-Line Encyclopedia of 646Integer Sequences (the OEIS).</p> 647<p>In particular, the goals of the Fundraising Committee are, first, 648to raise funds to to cover the day-to-day expenses of running the OEIS, 649and, second, to build up a reserve fund to ensure the long-term stability 650of the OEIS.</p> 651<p>The Board of Trustees agreed to adopt the term “Advisor” to refer to people 652who actively participate in fundraising or make similar 653contributions to the operation of the OEISF, but aren’t necessarily 654Trustees of the OEIS Foundation or Editors of the OEIS.</p> 655<p>Committee members shall be appointed by the President of the OEIS Foundation, 656and members shall serve for two years, unless reappointed.</p> 657<p>The initial committee was formed on August 29, 2010. 658As of March 2023, the Fundraising Committee consists of 659Russ Cox (Chair, OEIS Foundation President), 660Neil Sloane (OEIS Foundation Chair), 661Marc LeBrun (OEIS Foundation Vice President), 662Harvey P. Dale (OEIS Foundation Trustee), 663and William Cheswick (Advisor).</p> 664</div> 665<div id="chunk"> 666<h2 id="POSTER">The OEIS posters</h2> 667<p>There are now three posters. They may be downloaded without 668charge, and make excellent wall decorations.</p> 669<ul> 670<li><a href="Promos/Poster/Poster15a.pdf"><strong>OEIS.org 2014</strong></a> (11" x 17"). 671A new poster, illustrating nine recent sequences (out of a quarter of 672a million); 673created by Neil J. A. Sloane in December 2014.</li> 674<li><a href="Promos/Poster/Poster15small.pdf"><strong>Small version of 2014 poster</strong></a> (8.5" x 11").</li> 675<li><a href="Promos/Poster/Poster15_PC.pdf"><strong>Postcard version of 2014 poster</strong></a> (4 x 4.5").</li> 676<li><a href="Promos/Poster/Poster15a_key.pdf"><strong>Key to 2014 poster</strong></a> (8.5" x 11")</li> 677<li><a href="Promos/Poster/oeis_blue_v2.pdf"><strong>Blue poster for The OEIS Foundation Inc.</strong></a> 678(11" x 17"). This is the second version, created by Lucas Garron (then at Stanford University) in May 2010.</li> 679<li>The original <a href="Promos/Poster/poster.pdf"><strong>Poster for The OEIS Foundation Inc.</strong></a> 680(11" x 17"). This is the first version, created by David Applegate and Neil J. A. Sloane in September 2009. It is still our favorite.</li> 681<li><a href="Promos/Poster/poster_small.pdf"><strong>Small version of the original poster.</strong></a> (8.5" x 11")</li> 682<li><a href="Promos/Poster/key.pdf"><strong>Key to the original poster</strong></a> (8.5" x 11")</li> 683</ul> 684</div> 685<div id="chunk"> 686<h2 id="MOVIE">OEIS: The Movie</h2> 687<p>To celebrate the launching of the <a href="https://oeisf.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">OEIS 688Foundation</a>, 689Tony Noe made an 8.5-minute movie showing the first 1000 terms of 1000 690sequences, 691with soundtrack from Recaman’s sequence 692<a href="http://oeis.org/A005132" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">A5132</a>. 693There are four ways to view the movie:</p> 694<ol> 695<li>On <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LCWglXljevY" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">YouTube</a> 696(you can always find it by searching for “OEIS Movie”).</li> 697<li>By downloading a <a href="http://www.sspectra.com/math/OEISMovie.mov" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">5 MB QuickTime movie</a> 698that is viewable with QuickTime Player 7 and some browsers.</li> 699<li>By downloading a <a href="http://www.sspectra.com/math/OEISMovie2.mov" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">27 MB movie</a> that 700uses the H264 codec and AAC sound. This movie is viewable on recent 701versions of Windows Media Player 702and most up-to-date browsers.</li> 703<li>By going to <a href="http://www.sspectra.com/math/MovieFrames/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">Tony 704Noe’s website</a> for a 705frame-by-frame display, with links to the OEIS definition of each sequence.</li> 706</ol> 707<p>(Incidentally, you can convert the movie to just about any other format at 708<a href="http://www.media-convert.com" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.media-convert.com</a>, 709without downloading any software).</p> 710</div> 711<div id="chunk"> 712<h2 id="CONTACT">To contact the OEIS Foundation.</h2> 713<h3 id="for-financial-matters-direct-contributions-donations-please-contact">For financial matters, direct contributions, donations, please contact:</h3> 714<p>Robert Roy Price, <br> 715Treasurer, The OEIS Foundation Inc., <br> 7162340 Saunders Station Road, <br> 717Monroeville, PA 15146, USA <br> 718Email address: treasurer(AT)oeisf.org</p> 719<h3 id="for-anything-else-please-contact">For anything else, please contact:</h3> 720<p>Russ Cox, <br> 721President, <br> 722The OEIS Foundation Inc., <br>
723Email: president(AT)oeisf.org</p> 724</div> 725</div> 726</div> 727 728</main> 729 730</div> 731
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