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wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 418<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button" href="https://www.shunya.net/Text/Policy.htm" style="background-color:#6e4f24">About</a></div> 419</div> 420</nav> 421 422 423<div style="height:35px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> 424</div> 425</div> 426</header> 427 428 429<main id="wp--skip-link--target" class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b9592831 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-right:0;padding-left:0"> 430<div class="wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-555ffbdb wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex" style="padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"> 431<div class="wp-block-column has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-column-is-layout-520232fb wp-block-column-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-right:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:70%"><h1 style="margin-top:0.5rem" class="wp-block-post-title has-xx-large-font-size">Civic Sense for Change</h1> 432 433 434<div class="wp-block-group has-large-font-size is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b5e445c8 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:0;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:0"><div class="wp-block-avatar"><img alt='Namit Arora Avatar' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/38e5fdbe1dac4785e4436db96db5a2b52f93be2321338c81562ed6faa1b75080?s=40&d=identicon&r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/38e5fdbe1dac4785e4436db96db5a2b52f93be2321338c81562ed6faa1b75080?s=80&d=identicon&r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-40 photo wp-block-avatar__image' height='40' width='40' style="border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;" decoding='async'/></div> 435 436 437<div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow" style="padding-bottom:0"><div style="padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0" class="wp-block-post-author-name"><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/author/shunya" target="_self" class="wp-block-post-author-name__link">Namit Arora</a></div> 438 439 440<div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-e0553fa0 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding-bottom:0"><div class="wp-block-post-date__modified-date wp-block-post-date"><time datetime="2017-04-21T14:51:02+05:30">April 21, 2017</time></div></div> 441</div> 442</div> 443 444 445<div style="border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-style:none;border-width:0px;min-height:0px" class="entry-content wp-block-post-content has-alegreya-font-family has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-post-content-is-layout-19e250f3 wp-block-post-content-is-layout-constrained"> 446<p class="wp-block-paragraph">My TEDx talk on “Civic Sense of Change”
446, on why civic sense matters, why we Indians have so little of it, and what might raise it (15 min<span style="font-family: trebuchet ms,geneva;">).</span></p> 447 448 449 450<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> 451<span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe class="youtube-player" width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/OXFcHRoiY4o?version=3&rel=1&showsearch=0&showinfo=1&iv_load_policy=1&fs=1&hl=en-US&autohide=2&wmode=transparent&enablejsapi=1" allowfullscreen="true" style="border:0;" sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox"></iframe></span> 452</div></figure> 453 454 455 456<p class="wp-block-paragraph">“Is India’s civic-sense problem a result of our unrealized potential or the cause of it? As any Indian with knowledge or experience of international travel will tell you, things just aren’t the same “there”, and things “there” are just different and better. Going beyond the basic factors of national wealth and urban planning, why does India seem to be caught in a cycle of disillusionment, a strong sense of public entitlement and a weak sense of civic responsibility? Namit Arora explains in his TEDx talk how Indians themselves are part of the problem, and what we can do to address these issues.” [âTEDxGurugram team]</p> 457 458 459 460<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>FULL TRANSCRIPT BELOW:</strong></p> 461 462 463 464<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong><a class="asset-img-link" href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01b7c8df6649970b.png?ssl=1" onclick="window.open( this.href, '_blank', 'width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0' ); return false" style="float: right;"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" alt="TEDxNA3s" class="asset asset-image at-xid-6a00d8341dd33453ef01b7c8df6649970b img-responsive" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01b7c8df6649970b.png?ssl=1" style="width: 350px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 5px;" title="TEDxNA3s"></a></strong>An aunt of mine recently visited Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailandâher first time outside India. A month after her return, I asked her about her strongest impressions from the trip. She said, âTheir cities are so much cleaner; people behave so much better in public spaces; they follow the rules. <em>Hum kab sudhrenge?</em>â she asked. When will we improve?</p> 465 466 467 468<p class="wp-block-paragraph">What my aunt was getting at is something a lot of us have known for a while: <em>That we Indians are sorely lacking in civic sense.</em> By civic sense, I mean public behavior thatâs socially responsible and considerate to others. Our lack of civic sense is visible everywhere:</p> 469 470 471 472<ul class="wp-block-list"> 473<li>Just look at how we drive: without lane discipline, on the wrong side; we honk needlessly; use full beam at night; we donât stop at pedestrian crossings, or even at red lights. Few of us make room for passing ambulances! We may just have the wildest traffic in the world, which is reflected in our casualty rate thatâs 5 times higher than the global average!</li> 474 475 476 477<li>Or look at how we park and use our sidewalks; or what we do to the walls of our cities; our infamous queuing etiquette; how we litter our streets, and dump construction waste right outside our posh apartments; how we burn trash and pollute our airâa very common sight across India; or how we contaminate our beaches, lakes, and rivers.</li> 478 479 480 481<li>Here is a picture that sums up what Iâm getting at. This is the border between India and Bhutan. One side is India, the other Bhutan. Iâll let you figure out which is which.</li> 482</ul> 483 484 485 486<p class="wp-block-paragraph">There certainly are other aspects to civic sense, such as paying your full share of taxes, not bribing, being punctual, not discriminating against our fellow citizens based on gender, caste, religion, and so on. But today Iâm focusing on a narrower subsetâon general untargeted behaviors in public spaces that are also constant irritants when we go out.</p> 487 488 489 490<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a class="asset-img-link" href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01b7c8df6633970b.jpg?ssl=1" style="float: right;"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" alt="TEDxNA10s" class="asset asset-image at-xid-6a00d8341dd33453ef01b7c8df6633970b img-responsive" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01b7c8df6633970b.jpg?ssl=1" style="width: 350px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 5px;" title="TEDxNA10s"></a><span style="color: #7f003f;"><strong>
490Why is civic sense important?</strong></span></p> 491 492 493 494<p class="wp-block-paragraph">(a) Because it makes our cities more livable. When was the last time you went out for something as simple as a walk in Gurgaon? I mean, who wants to put up with all the eyesores, bad smells, and smog? (b) Higher civic sense also reduces the incidence of infectious and other diseases, accidental injuries, and deaths. (c) And finally, higher civic sense correlates with greater social trust and cooperation, which is good for economic productivity and growth!</p> 495 496 497 498<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This concern for civic sense is not new in India. Many people and organizations have tried to raise it. But Iâd say that itâs an old project that needs new energy and scaleâesp. in light of the massive and largely unplanned growth of urban India.</p> 499 500 501 502<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Who do we blame for the state of our cities, and our general lack of civic sense? </strong></p> 503 504 505 506<ul class="wp-block-list"> 507<li>We blame others whoâre not like us, such as poor migrants from rural areas.</li> 508 509 510 511<li>We also blame the government. And yes, the government has an important role to play. It needs to improve our roads, waste management, public transportation. It needs to ensure that a proper driving test precedes every driving license. It needs to invest in smart policies and good urban design. Yes, thatâs a given. Our urban governments need to do more, and we have to increase and keep up that pressure.</li> 512 513 514 515<li>Curiously, we donât blame ourselves very much. But if we honestly looked at ourselves in the mirror, we might notice that weâ<em>you and I</em>âcause a lot of the problems we complain about! For example, who congests our roads and pollutes our air? Who runs diesel cars / gensets and avoids public transportation and car-pooling? Who generates plastic waste and leaves behind construction rubble? Who parks on sidewalks? Who breaks our traffic laws? Indeed, who causes so many of our urban problems â if not us?</li> 516</ul> 517 518 519 520<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Clearly, the government canât fix everything. The government too is made up of people like us, who lack civic sense. We really need to ask: are smart cities even possible without smart citizens who display civic sense?</p> 521 522 523 524<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong> <a class="asset-img-link" href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb098297c0970d.jpg?ssl=1" onclick="window.open( this.href, '_blank', 'width=640,height=480,scrollbars=no,resizable=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,location=no,menubar=no,status=no,left=0,top=0' ); return false" style="float: right;"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" alt="TEDxNA7s" class="asset asset-image at-xid-6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb098297c0970d img-responsive" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb098297c0970d.jpg?ssl=1" style="width: 350px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 5px;" title="TEDxNA7s"></a><span style="color: #7f003f;">Why do we Indians lack civic sense?</span><u> </u></strong></p> 525 526 527 528<p class="wp-block-paragraph">We are no different from other humans, so it has to be something in our culture and upbringing that accounts for the difference. What might those factors be? Iâll propose four:</p> 529 530 531 532<ul class="wp-block-list"> 533<li><strong>Our Flawed socialization</strong> in childhood, especially at home. We are not taught to pick up after ourselves. We grow up expecting someone else to do our dirty work, whether itâs moms or maids. I certainly had never washed a load of dishes or cleaned a toilet until I went to the US in my 20s. We also lack dignity of labor and look down on manual work, especially dirty work, which then stigmatizes those who do it. This needs to change.</li> 534 535 536 537<li><strong>Our education system</strong>, which doesnât teach us about being good citizens, about our rights and responsibilities, sensitivity to the environment, and even things like the importance of free speech, social justice, and gender equality.</li> 538 539 540 541<li><strong>High levels of inequality and hierarchy</strong>âof both wealth and status, as in the caste system. This divides people and impedes a shared sense of the commons.</li> 542 543 544 545<li><strong>We have internalized</strong> <strong>low expectations</strong> of how clean and functional our urban spaces should look like. One might blame poverty and illiteracy for this, but Iâve traveled through many poorer, less literate parts of sub-Saharan Africa that display better civic sense than India. So while poverty plays a role, itâs not an adequate explanation;
545 besides, middle-class Indians lack civic sense too. So our collective expectations need to change.</li> 546</ul> 547 548 549 550<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a class="asset-img-link" href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb09507de8970d.jpg?ssl=1" style="float: right;"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" alt="NamitTEDx1" class="asset asset-image at-xid-6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb09507de8970d img-responsive" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb09507de8970d.jpg?ssl=1" style="width: 350px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 5px;" title="NamitTEDx1"></a>So what separates countries that have high civic sense from those that donât? What have they done that we havenât? Iâll suggest 4 areas where Indians lag behindâwhat Iâm calling the four E-sâwith examples of what we can do to catch up:</p> 551 552 553 554<ol class="wp-block-list"> 555<li><span style="color: #7f003f;"><strong>Educate</strong></span>: Urban civic sense is not an innate skill. It has to be cultivated by teaching civic responsibility and environmental awareness to urban kids. This should begin at home, with parents leading by example. How about a âcivic senseâ course in schoolâor hosted by your Resident Welfare Associationânot a dry course with a textbook, but a hands-on, participatory course where kids learn about their rights and responsibilities, waste segregation, recycling, conserving water and energy, planting trees, and so on.<br><p> In fact, an organization in Bangalore called Childrenâs Movement for Civic Awareness, works with schools to host âcivic clubsâ, where children learn such things by doing. They grow up feeling like agents of change. There is a nice multiplier effect with kidsâthey go home and teach their elders. And given how young our country is, this is the perfect demographic to focus on.</p><br><p>Another effective strategy is public interest ads on a large scale. In the 1970s, the United States transformed habits through emotionally stirring public interest ads on littering, fire safety, smoking, and so on. Some of this is happening with <em>swachh bharat</em> ads but far from enough. We citizens own our air wavesâwhy canât we mandate up to 1 percent of airtime for public interest ads on all TV and Radio channels? Imagine youth icons in these ads, making it cool to do the right thing. We could also make civic sense ads a category for Corporate Social Responsibility, or CSR funds. </p></li> 556 557 558 559<li><span style="color: #7f003f;"><strong><figure><a class="asset-img-link" style="float: right; color: #7f003f;" href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01b8d2374d22970c.jpg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" title="NamitTEDx3" class="asset asset-image at-xid-6a00d8341dd33453ef01b8d2374d22970c img-responsive" style="width: 225px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 5px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01b8d2374d22970c.jpg?ssl=1" alt="NamitTEDx3"></a></figure></strong></span><strong><span style="color: #7f003f;">Engineer</span>, </strong>as in better urban design. Good urban design makes it easier for people to do the right thing. Such design methodically invests in, say, lots of dustbins with recycling options; clean, frequent and well-marked public toilets throughout the city; multiple modes of public transportation that are sensibly interlinked; clear signage on roads; designated parking spaces; usable sidewalksâso we might feel like walking half a km to a bus stop or metro station. This is not rocket science!<br><p> In fact, we can learn from our own Delhi metro rail system. Itâs very clean, isnât it? The same people who litter outside behave differently inside the metro stations. Why is that? I think one reason is that thereâs a cost to being the first person to litter in a clean space. The metro also puts out friendly reminders to do the right thing, such as letting people disembark before getting on, to not eat on the trains, to offer our seats to those who might need it more. All of this has the effect of promoting good behavior and discouraging bad behavior. And Iâd say good urban design does that in general<em>: it promotes good behavior and discourages bad behavior! </em> </p></li> 560 561 562 563<li><span style="color: #7f003f;"><strong>Enforce</strong></span>, as in law enforcement: How often is someone in Gurgaon penalized for jumping a red light, or driving in the wrong direction? For burning trash, littering and dumping construction waste? For urinating and spitting on walls? Not very often, right? ⦠The truth is that a credible deterrent is also necessary to change behaviors. And some of our cities are figuring this out! The Thane municipal corporation now has safai <a href="http://www.dnaindia.com/locality/thane/thane-residents-could-soon-be-fined-littering-public-places-53956" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">marshals</a> who issue on-the-spot fines for many violations. A mobile court does the same in Rajkot. Chandigarh and Chennai have similar initiatives. This needs to become much more common, and we have to put pressure on our local governments to do so. </li> 564 565 566 567<li><span style="color: #7f003f;"><strong>Engage the citizen</strong></span>: By this I mean citizen activism, thatâs really important to cut through the apathy and cynicism that surrounds us. A lot of us are very concerned about the state of our cities but what we look around we see urban administrators who lack the will, the incentives or the knowledge to make a differenceâso we citizens need to step up and push for change. And we can really amplify our voice through collective action.<br><p> <a class="asset-img-link" style="float: right;" href="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb09507e09970d.jpg?ssl=1"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" title="NamitTEDx2" class="asset asset-image at-xid-6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb09507e09970d img-responsive" style="width: 350px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 5px;" src="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/6a00d8341dd33453ef01bb09507e09970d.jpg?ssl=1" alt="NamitTEDx2"></a>For example, a group of volunteers got together and began cleaning a stretch of beach in Mumbai, which sent a message to the administration. Another citizenâs movement called <em>I Am Gurgaon</em>, leads the planting and maintenance of the large Aravalli Biodiversity Park. The <em>Raahgiri Day</em> movement has pioneered the concept of car-free days in multiple cities, when certain streets are used only for walking and cycling. There are many such organizations we can join, or we can start new onesâarguably easier to do in this age of social media. We can also build and use civic sense apps like <em>Hawa Badlo </em>(or Change the Air)<em>,</em> to raise public awareness <em><u>and</u></em> to put pressure on our local governments to act. </p><br><p> As responsible citizens, we also need to avoid turning a blind eye to bad behavior, when we see it. We can politely request, explain, or set an example for others. There are many things we can change in our daily lives thatâll make a difference. No one from above is going to come and save us; we have to initiate the change ourselves. A higher level of citizen awareness and activism exists in all countries whose civic sense we envy on our foreign travels.</p></li> 568</ol> 569 570 571 572<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Cultivating civic sense is, above all, a huge consciousness raising exercise. Itâs a work of inner transformation. It both complements and strengthens governanceâthey reinforce each other. Civic sense is essential if we want to make our cities more livable and sustainable. And for that, each of us needs to look within and ask: what can <em><u>I</u></em> do to improve the civic sense around me?</p> 573 574 575 576<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Thank you!<em><br></em></p> 577<div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-twitter"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" 578 data-shared="sharing-twitter-4261" 579 class="share-twitter sd-button share-icon" 580 href="https://blog.shunya.net/2017/04/civic-sense-for-change.html?share=twitter" 581 target="_blank" 582 aria-labelledby="sharing-twitter-4261" 583 > 584 <span id="sharing-twitter-4261" hidden>Share on X (Opens in new window)</span> 585 <span>X</span> 586 </a></li><li class="share-facebook"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" 587 data-shared="sharing-facebook-4261" 588 class="share-facebook sd-button share-icon" 589 href="https://blog.shunya.net/2017/04/civic-sense-for-change.html?share=facebook" 590 target="_blank" 591 aria-labelledby="sharing-facebook-4261" 592 > 593 <span id="sharing-facebook-4261" hidden>Share on Facebook (Opens in new window)</span> 594 <span>Facebook</span> 595 </a></li><li class="share-end"></li></ul></div></div></div></div> 596 597 598<div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flex wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"><div class="taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms"><span class="wp-block-post-terms__prefix">Category: </span><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/culture" rel="tag">Culture</a><span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/economics" rel="tag">Economics</a><span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/environment" rel="tag">Environment</a><span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/politics" rel="tag">Politics</a><span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/video" rel="tag">Video</a></div></div> 599 600 601 602<div style="height:22px;width:0px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> 603 604 605 606<div class="wp-block-group is-content-justification-space-between is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0ef57a8d wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"><div class="post-navigation-link-previous wp-block-post-navigation-link has-medium-font-size"><span class="wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous is-arrow-chevron" aria-hidden="true">«</span><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/2017/04/the-lottery-of-birth.html" rel="prev">Previous Post</a></div> 607 608<div class="post-navigation-link-next has-text-align-right wp-block-post-navigation-link has-medium-font-size"><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/2017/05/the-paradox-of-the-belief-in-a-just-world.html" rel="next">Next Post</a><span class="wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next is-arrow-chevron" aria-hidden="true">»</span></div></div> 609 610 611 612<div style="height:21px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> 613 614 615 616<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/> 617 618 619 620<p class="has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Reader Comments</strong></p> 621 622 623 624<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/> 625 626 627 628<div style="height:24px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> 629 630 631<div class="wp-block-template-part"> 632<div class="wp-block-comments wp-block-comments-query-loop"> 633 634 635<div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> 636 637 638 639 640 <div id="respond" class="comment-respond wp-block-post-comments-form"> 641 <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Reply<small><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/2017/04/civic-sense-for-change.html#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel reply</a></small></h3> <form id="commentform" class="comment-form"> 642 <iframe 643 title="Comment Form" 644 src="https://jetpack.wordpress.com/jetpack-comment/?blogid=248476180&postid=4261&comment_registration=0&require_name_email=1&stc_enabled=1&stb_enabled=1&show_avatars=1&avatar_default=identicon&greeting=Leave+a+Reply&jetpack_comments_nonce=eb41a38512&greeting_reply=Leave+a+Reply+to+%25s&color_scheme=light&lang=en_US&jetpack_version=16.3-a.3&iframe_unique_id=1&show_cookie_consent=10&has_cookie_consent=0&is_current_user_subscribed=0&token_key=%3Bnormal%3B&sig=cd2e9ffd3c185094bf412cdf16122abcc560b9ef#parent=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.shunya.net%2F2017%2F04%2Fcivic-sense-for-change.html" 645 name="jetpack_remote_comment" 646 style="width:100%; 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style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)"/> 717 718 719 720<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"><strong>Recent Books: </strong></p> 721 722 723 724<div class="wp-block-media-text" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);grid-template-columns:32% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><a href="https://www.namitarora.com/SpeakingOfHistory.html"><img decoding="async" src="https://blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/SoH_front-1-661x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-8511 size-full"/></a></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 725<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://www.namitarora.com/SpeakingOfHistory.html">Speaking of History </a></p> 726 727 728 729<p class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph">Conversations about India’s Past and Present</p> 730 731 732 733<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph">Romila Thapar | Namit Arora</p> 734</div></div> 735 736 737 738<hr class="wp-block-separator has-text-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background"/> 739 740 741 742<div class="wp-block-media-text" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);grid-template-columns:32% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><a href="https://www.namitarora.com/Indians.html"><img decoding="async" src="https://blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Indians_cover_front_small.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-8515 size-full"/></a></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 743<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://www.namitarora.com/Indians.html">Indians</a></p> 744 745 746 747<p class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph">A Brief History of a Civilization</p> 748 749 750 751<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph">Namit Arora</p> 752</div></div> 753 754 755 756<hr class="wp-block-separator has-text-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background"/> 757 758 759 760<div class="wp-block-media-text" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:0;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-left:0;grid-template-columns:32% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><a href="https://ushaalexander.com/the-legend-of-virinara.html"><img decoding="async" src="https://blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/TLoV_150.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-8516 size-full"/></a></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 761<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://ushaalexander.com/the-legend-of-virinara.html">The Legend of Virinara</a></p> 762 763 764 765<p class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph">A Novel</p> 766 767 768 769<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph">Usha Alexander</p> 770</div></div> 771 772 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831 832 833</div></div> 834 835 836 837<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"/> 838 839 840 841<div style="height:26px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> 842 843 844 845<div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="min-height:0px;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0"> 846<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0.2em;text-transform:uppercase"><strong>Recent Posts</strong></h3> 847 848 849 850<div style="height:23px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> 851 852 853<ul style="line-height:2;text-transform:capitalize;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-style:none;border-width:0px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0" class="wp-block-latest-posts__list has-author wp-block-latest-posts has-medium-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-latest-posts-is-layout-flow"><li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/07/namit-arora-interviewed-by-jugnu-mohsin-for-jugnunama.html">Namit Arora in conversation with Jugnu Mohsin</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 854<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/05/another-scroll-interview-of-romila-thapar-and-namit-arora.html">Scroll’s email interview with Romila Thapar and Namit Arora</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 855<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/05/why-is-there-so-much-history-in-todays-politics.html">Why is there so much history in todayâs politics?</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 856<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/04/caste-system-and-its-evolution-in-the-indian-subcontinent-namit-aroras-talk-at-the-school-of-social-sciences-jnu.html">Caste System and Its Evolution in the Indian Subcontinent: Namit Arora’s Talk at the School of Social Sciences, JNU</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 857<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/04/on-anachronism-and-presentism-in-historical-writing.html">On Anachronism and Presentism in Historical Writing</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 858<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/03/namit-aroras-response-to-a-review-of-speaking-of-history-in-frontline-magazine.html">Namit Arora’s response to a review of ‘Speaking of History’ in Frontline magazine</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 859<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/01/the-emergence-of-a-common-indian-identity-an-excerpt-from-speaking-of-history-by-romila-thapar-namit-arora.html">The Emergence of a Common Indian Identity: An Excerpt from âSpeaking of Historyâ by Romila Thapar, Namit Arora</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 860<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/01/asian-review-of-books-podcast-about-speaking-of-history.html">Asian Review of Books Podcast about ‘Speaking of History’</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 861<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2026/01/why-is-history-so-controversial-in-todays-india.html">Why is History So Controversial in Today’s India?</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 862<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2025/12/whats-pride-worthy-in-hindu-indias-past-an-excerpt-from-speaking-of-history-by-romila-thapar-and-namit-arora.html">What’s Pride-worthy in Hindu India’s past: An Excerpt from âSpeaking of Historyâ by Romila Thapar and Namit Arora</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 863<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2025/12/an-indian-inferiority-complex-an-excerpt-from-speaking-of-history-by-romila-thapar-and-namit-arora.html">An Indian Inferiority Complex: An Excerpt from ‘Speaking of History’ by Romila Thapar and Namit Arora</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 864<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2025/12/excerpt-nonviolence-and-tolerance-in-early-india.html">Nonviolence and Tolerance in Early India: An Excerpt from ‘Speaking of History’ by Romila Thapar and Namit Arora</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 865<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2025/07/a-talk-on-marco-polos-india.html">A talk on Marco Polo’s India of the 13th century</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 866<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2025/04/in-memoriam-reena-geetanjali-chesla-19652025.html">In Memoriam, Reena GeetAnjali Chesla (1965â2025)</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Usha Alexander</div></li> 867<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2025/02/in-memoriam-dr-malati-kesaree-193452025.html">In Memoriam, Dr. Malati Kesaree (1934/5â2025)</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Usha Alexander</div></li> 868<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2025/02/on-social-scientists-engaging-with-civic-spaces.html">On Social Scientists Engaging With Civic Spaces</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 869<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2024/11/the-mystic-tradition-of-india.html">The Mystic Tradition of India</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 870<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2024/03/karan-thapar-interviews-namit-arora.html">âIndian Civilization is an Idea But Also an Enigmaâ: Karan Thapar interviews Namit Arora</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 871<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2024/03/exploring-indias-past-from-al-beruni-to-marco-polo-and-ibn-battuta.html">Exploring India’s Past: From Al-Beruni to Marco Polo and Ibn-Battuta</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Namit Arora</div></li> 872<li><a class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-title" href="https://blog.shunya.net/2024/03/what-can-i-do-about-climate-change.html">What Can I Do About Climate Change?</a><div class="wp-block-latest-posts__post-author">by Usha Alexander</div></li> 873</ul> 874 875 876<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"/> 877 878 879 880<p class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)"><strong>A Deccani journey</strong><br>Namit’s <a href="https://x.com/NamitArora0/status/1942090322802057549"><strong>
880photo essays</strong></a> from a two-week train journey in June 2025âgoing from Mumbai to Hyderabadâwith stops in <a href="https://www.shunya.net/Pictures/South%20India/Lonavala/Lonavala.htm">Lonavala</a>, <a href="https://www.shunya.net/Pictures/South%20India/Pune/Pune.htm">Pune</a>, <a href="https://www.shunya.net/Pictures/South%20India/Bijapur/Bijapur.htm">Bijapur</a>, <a href="https://www.shunya.net/Pictures/South%20India/Gulbarga/Gulbarga.htm">Gulbarga</a> and <a href="https://www.shunya.net/Pictures/South%20India/Bidar/Bidar.htm">Bidar</a>.</p> 881</div> 882 883 884 885<figure data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https://blog.shunya.net/2017/04/civic-sense-for-change.html"}' class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex"> 886<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://x.com/NamitArora0/status/1942090322802057549"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="554" data-id="10416" src="https://blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/DeccanTripMap2025-1024x554.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-10416" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/DeccanTripMap2025.jpg?resize=1024%2C554&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/DeccanTripMap2025.jpg?resize=300%2C162&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/DeccanTripMap2025.jpg?resize=150%2C81&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/DeccanTripMap2025.jpg?resize=768%2C416&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/DeccanTripMap2025.jpg?resize=1200%2C650&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/DeccanTripMap2025.jpg?w=1500&ssl=1 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure> 887</figure> 888 889 890 891<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)"/> 892 893 894 895<p class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><strong>The story behing the name</strong></p> 896 897 898 899<p class="has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph" style="line-height:1.6">â<strong>Shunya</strong>â means both <em>zero</em> and the metaphysical <em><a href="http://www.kheper.net/topics/Buddhism/sunyata.htm">void</a></em>. Zero and the decimal system emerged in India about 1,500 years ago, later travelling westward with the Arabsâhence the term <em>Arabic numerals</em>. The earliest known epigraphic evidence of zero in decimal notation appears in the <a href="http://www.ams.org/samplings/feature-column/fcarc-india-zero">Bhojadeva</a> inscriptions of Gwaliorâat least the earliest found <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/science/alexs-adventures-in-numberland/2013/oct/07/mathematics1">on stone</a>. And so some think of Gwalior as the birthplace of zero. It also happens to be where this blogâs founder, Namit Arora, grew up, so he claims a measure of pride in being associated with <em>nothing</em>.</p> 900 901 902 903<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"/> 904</aside> 905 906 907 908<p class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><strong> </strong></p> 909 910 911 912<p class="has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><strong>How Google AI describes this blog!</strong></p> 913 914 915 916<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><a href="https://blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/GoogleAIview.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="669" src="https://blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/GoogleAIview-1024x669.png" alt="" class="wp-image-11904" style="width:1024px;height:auto" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/GoogleAIview.png?resize=1024%2C669&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/GoogleAIview.png?resize=300%2C196&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/GoogleAIview.png?resize=150%2C98&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/GoogleAIview.png?resize=768%2C502&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/GoogleAIview.png?resize=1200%2C784&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/blog.shunya.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/GoogleAIview.png?w=1264&ssl=1 1264w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure> 917 918 919 920<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/> 921 922 923 924<div style="height:30px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> 925 926 927 928<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Contact us: </strong></p> 929 930 931<div data-test='contact-form' 932 id='contact-form-block-template-part-bitacora//sidebar' 933 class='jetpack-contact-form-container ' 934 data-wp-interactive='jetpack/form' data-wp-context='{"formId":"block-template-part-bitacora\/\/sidebar","formHash":"9c09ee36bb15bf1e080864c9493bb97ddbb80e99","showErrors":false,"errors":[],"fields":[],"isMultiStep":false,"useAjax":true,"submissionData":null,"formattedSubmissionData":[],"submissionSuccess":false,"submissionError":null,"elementId":"jp-form-9c09ee36bb15bf1e080864c9493bb97ddbb80e99","isSingleInputForm":false,"isForcedHorizontal":false,"conditionalLogic":[]}' 935 data-wp-on--focusin="actions.trackFirstInteraction" 936 data-wp-watch--scroll-to-wrapper="callbacks.scrollToWrapper" 937 > 938<div class="contact-form-submission contact-form-ajax-submission" data-wp-bind--aria-hidden="state.isSuccessMessageAriaHidden" data-wp-class--submission-success="context.submissionSuccess" id="contact-form-success-9c09ee36bb15bf1e080864c9493bb97ddbb80e99" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="contact-form-success-header-9c09ee36bb15bf1e080864c9493bb97ddbb80e99"><p class="go-back-message"><a class="link" role="button" tabindex="0" data-wp-on--click="actions.goBack" href="/2017/04/civic-sense-for-change.html">â Back</a></p><h4 data-wp-bind--aria-hidden="state.isSuccessMessageAriaHidden" id="contact-form-success-header-9c09ee36bb15bf1e080864c9493bb97ddbb80e99">Thank you for your response. â¨</h4> 939 940<template data-wp-each--submission="context.formattedSubmissionData"> 941 <div class="jetpack_forms_contact-form-success-summary"> 942 <div class="field-name-wrapper"> 943 <div class="field-type-icon" data-wp-watch="callbacks.watchFieldTypeIcon"></div> 944 <div class="field-name" data-wp-text="context.submission.label" data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.submission.label"></div> 945 </div> 946 <div class="field-value" data-wp-text="context.submission.value" data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.submission.showPlainValue"></div> 947 <a class="field-url" data-wp-bind--href="context.submission.url" data-wp-text="context.submission.value" data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.submission.url" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"></a> 948 <div class="field-rating" data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.submission.rating" data-wp-watch="callbacks.watchRatingIcons"></div> 949 <div class="field-images" data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.submission.images"> 950 <template data-wp-each--image="context.submission.images"> 951 <div class="field-image-option" data-wp-class--is-empty="!context.image.src"> 952 <figure class="field-image-option__image" data-wp-class--is-empty="!context.image.src">
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