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287                                At the New  York Fed, our mission is to make the U.S. economy stronger and the financial system more stable for all segments of society. We do this by executing monetary policy, providing financial services, supervising banks and conducting research and providing expertise on issues that impact the nation and communities we serve.
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347                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/reference-rates/obfr" aria-label="Overnight Bank Funding Rate" title="Overnight Bank Funding Rate" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Overnight Bank Funding Rate']);">Overnight Bank Funding Rate</a></li>
348                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/reference-rates/sofr" aria-label="Secured Overnight Financing Rate" title="Secured Overnight Financing Rate" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Secured Overnight Financing Rate']);">Secured Overnight Financing Rate</a></li>
349								<li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu no-bullet-indent"><a href="/markets/reference-rates/sofr-averages-and-index" aria-label="SOFR Averages & Index" title="SOFR Averages & Index" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'SOFR Averages & Index']);">SOFR Averages & Index</a></li>
350                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/reference-rates/bgcr" aria-label="Broad General Collateral Rate" title="Broad General Collateral Rate" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Broad General Collateral Rate']);">Broad General Collateral Rate</a></li>
351                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/reference-rates/tgcr" aria-label="Tri-Party General Collateral Rate" title="Tri-Party General Collateral Rate" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Tri-Party General Collateral Rate']);">Tri-Party General Collateral Rate</a></li>
352                            </ul>
353                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower">Desk Operations</span></li>
354                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
355                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/desk-operations/treasury-securities" aria-label="Treasury Securities Operations" title="Treasury Securities" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Treasury Securities Operations']);">Treasury Securities</a></li>
356                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/desk-operations/ambs" aria-label="Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities Operations" title="Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities Operations']);">Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities</a>
357</li>
358                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/desk-operations/repo" aria-label="Repo Operations" title="Repos" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Repo Operations']);">Repos</a></li>
359                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/desk-operations/reverse-repo" aria-label="Reverse Repo Operations" title="Reverse Repos" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Reverse Repo Operations']);">Reverse Repos</a></li>
360                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/desk-operations/securities-lending" aria-label="Securities Lending Operations" title="Securities Lending" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Securities Lending Operations']);">Securities Lending</a></li>
361                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/desk-operations/central-bank-liquidity-swap-operations" aria-label="Central Bank Liquidity Swap Operations" title="Central Bank Liquidity Swaps" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Central Bank Liquidity Swap Operations']);">Central Bank Liquidity Swaps</a></li>
362                            </ul>
363                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/soma-holdings" aria-label="System Open Market Account Holdings of Domestic Securities" title="System Open Market Account Holdings" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'System Open Market Account Holdings of Domestic Securities']);">System Open Market Account Holdings</a></li>
364                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/counterparties/primary-dealers-statistics" aria-label="Primary Dealer Statistics" title="Primary Dealer Statistics" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Primary Dealer Statistics']);">Primary Dealer Statistics</a></li>
365                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/omo_transaction_data" aria-label="Historical Transaction Data" title="Historical Transaction Data" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Historical Transaction Data']);">Historical Transaction Data</a></li>
366                    </ul>
367                </li>
368                <!-- END FIRST COLUMN, BEGIN SECOND COLUMN -->
369                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu"><div class="dxt-level-top"><a href="/markets/domestic-market-operations" aria-label="Domestic Market Operations" title="Domestic Market Operations" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Domestic Market Operations']);">DOMESTIC MARKET OPERATIONS</a></div>
370                    <ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
371                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/domestic-market-operations/monetary-policy-implementation" aria-label="Monetary Policy Implementation" title="Monetary Policy Implementation" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Monetary Policy Implementation']);">Monetary Policy Implementation</a></li>
372                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
373                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/domestic-market-operations/monetary-policy-implementation/treasury-securities" aria-label="About Treasury Securities" title="Treasury Securities" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'About Treasury Securities']);">Treasury Securities</a></li>
374                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/domestic-market-operations/monetary-policy-implementation/agency-mortgage-backed-securities" aria-label="About Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities" title="Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'About Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities']);">Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities</a></li>
375                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/domestic-market-operations/monetary-policy-implementation/agency-commercial-mortgage-backed-securities" aria-label="About Agency Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities" title="Agency Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'About Agency Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities']);">Agency Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities</a></li>
376                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/domestic-market-operations/monetary-policy-implementation/agency-debt-securities" aria-label="About Agency Debt Securities" title="Agency Debt Securities" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'About Agency Debt Securities']);">Agency Debt Securities</a></li>
377                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/domestic-market-operations/monetary-policy-implementation/repo-reverse-repo-agreements" aria-label="About Repo and Reverse Repo Agreements" title="Repos & Rever
377se Repos" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'About Repo and Reverse Repo Agreements']);">Repos & Reverse Repos</a></li>
378                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/domestic-market-operations/monetary-policy-implementation/securities-lending" aria-label="About Securities Lending" title="Securities Lending" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'About Securities Lending']);">Securities Lending</a></li>
379                            </ul>
380                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/banking/discountwindow" aria-label="Discount Window" title="Discount Window" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Discount Window']);">Discount Window</a></li>
381                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/treasury-debt-auctions-and-buybacks-as-fiscal-agent" aria-label="Treasury Debt Auctions and Buybacks as Fiscal Agent" title="Treasury Debt Auctions & Buybacks" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Treasury Debt Auctions and Buybacks as Fiscal Agent']);">Treasury Debt Auctions & Buybacks<br>as Fiscal Agent</a>
382</li>
383                <br><br>   
384                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/international-market-operations" aria-label="International Market Operations" title="International Market Operations" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'International Market Operations']);">INTERNATIONAL MARKET OPERATIONS</a></li>
385                    <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/international-market-operations/foreign-exchange-operations" aria-label="Foreign Exchange Operations" title="Foreign Exchange" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Foreign Exchange Operations']);">Foreign Exchange</a></li>
386                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/international-market-operations/foreign-reserves-management" aria-label="Foreign Reserves Management" title="Foreign Reserves Management" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Foreign Reserves Management']);">Foreign Reserves Management</a></li>
387                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/international-market-operations/central-bank-swap-arrangements" aria-label="Central Bank Swap Arrangements" title="Central Bank Swap Arrangements" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Central Bank Swap Arrangements']);">Central Bank Swap Arrangements</a></li>
388                 </ul></li>
389                <!-- END SECOND COLUMN, BEGIN THIRD COLUMN -->        
390                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label">ACROSS MARKETS</span>
391                    <ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
392                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/op_policies" aria-label="Desk Statements & Operating Policies" title="Statements & Operating Policies" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Desk Statements & Operating Policies']);">Statements & Operating Policies</a></li>
393                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/market-intelligence" aria-label="Market Intelligence" title="Market Intelligence" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Market Intelligence']);">Market Intelligence</a>
394                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
395                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/market-intelligence/survey-of-market-expectations" aria-label="Survey of Market Expectations" title="Survey of Market Expectations" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Survey of Market Expectations']);">Survey of Market Expectations</a></li>
396                            </ul>
397                        </li>
398                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/annual_reports" aria-label="Annual Report on Open Market Operations" title="Annual Reports" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Annual Report on Open Market Operations']);">Annual Reports</a></li>
399                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/counterparties" aria-label="Counterparties" title="Counterparties" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Counterparties']);">Counterparties</a>
400                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
401                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/primarydealers" aria-label="Primary Dealers" title="Primary Dealers" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Primary Dealers']);">Primary Dealers</a></li>
402                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/standing-repo-counterparties" aria-label="Standing Repo Counterparties" title="Standing Repo Counterparties" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Standing Repo Counterparties']);">Standing Repo Counterparties</a></li>
403                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/rrp_counterparties" aria-label="Reverse Repo Counterparties" title="Reverse Repo Counterparties" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Reverse Repo Counterparties']);">Reverse Repo Counterparties</a></li>
404                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/counterparties/foreign-exchange-counterparties" aria-label="Foreign Exchange Counterparties" title="Foreign Exchange Counterparties" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Foreign Exchange Counterparties']);">Foreign Exchange Counterparties</a></li>
405                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/counterparties/foreign-reserves-management" aria-label="Foreign Reserves Management Counterparties" title="Foreign Reserves Management Counterparties" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Foreign Reserves Management Counterparties']);">Foreign Reserves Management Counterparties</a></li>
406                             </ul></li>
407                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/operational-readiness" aria-label="Operational Readiness" title="Operational Readiness" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Operational Readiness']);">Operational Readiness</a></li>
408						<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/central-bank-and-international-account-services" aria-label="Central Bank & International Account Services" title="Central Bank & International Account Services" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Central Bank & International Account Services']);">Central Bank & International Account Services</a></li>
409                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a href="/markets/programs-archive" aria-label="Programs Archive" title="Programs Archive" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Markets megamenu', 'Click', 'Programs Archive']);">Programs Archive</a></li>
410                    </ul>
411                </li>
412                <!-- END THIRD COLUMN -->  
413
414            </ul>
415        </li>
416        <!-- END : LEVEL 1 -->
417
418<style>
419ul#dxt-navigation ul#nav-list-40 > li:nth-child(4) {
420	position: relative;
421	right: 0px !important;
422	top: 10px !important;
423	margin-top: 4px !important;
424}
425.upperlower {text-transform: capitalize !important;}
426ul#dxt-navigation ul#nav-list-40 li.nav-level-4 {
427	margin: 8px 5px 0;
428	list-style-type: disc;
429	list-style-position: outside;
430}
431/* Chrome version 29 and above */
432@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0)
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434ul#dxt-navigation ul#nav-list-40.mm-item-content:before{ bottom:20px; right:63px; }
435}
436@supports (-moz-appearance:none) {
437ul#dxt-navigation ul#nav-list-40.mm-item-content:before{ bottom:41px; right:150px; }
438}
439</style>  <!-- START : LEVEL 1 -->
440        <li id="nav-item-84" class="dxt-level-1-item nav nav-level-1 nav-type-megamenu mm-item">
441            <div class="dxt-level-top">
442                <div>
443                    <span class="dxt-mobile-menu-controls">
444                        <span></span>
445                    <span></span>
446                    <span></span>
447                    <span></span>
448                    </span>
449                    <a title="Economic Research" aria-label="Economic Research" href="/research" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Economic Research top level']);">Economic Research</a>
450                </div>
451            </div>
452            <ul class="dxt-level-2-list dxt-level-2 nav nav-level-1 nav-type-megamenu mm-item-content" id="nav-list-84">
453
454                <!-- START : LEVEL 2 -->
455                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
456                    <a title="Economic Research" aria-label="Economic Research" href="/research" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Economic Research']);">Economic Research</a>
457                </li>
458                <!-- END : LEVEL 2 -->
459				
460				
461                <!-- BEGIN FIRST COLUMN -->
462                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label">U.S. Economy</span>
463                    <ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
464                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower">Consumer Expectations &amp; Behavior</span></li>
465                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
466                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Survey of Consumer Expectations" aria-label="Survey of Consumer Expectations" href="/microeconomics/sce#/" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Survey of Consumer Expectations']);">Survey of Consumer Expectations</a></li>
467                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Household Debt &amp; Credit Report" aria-label="Household Debt &amp; Credit Report" href="/microeconomics/hhdc" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Household Debt & Credit Report']);">Household Debt &amp; Credit Report</a></li>
468                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Home Price Changes" aria-label="Home Price Changes" href="/research/home-price-index" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Home Price Changes']);">Home Price Changes</a></li>								
469                      </ul>
470                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower">Growth &amp; Inflation</span></li>
471                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
472                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Economic Heterogeneity Indicators" aria-label="Economic Heterogeneity Indicators" href="/research/economic-heterogeneity-indicators" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Economic Heterogeneity Indicators']);">Economic Heterogeneity Indicators (EHIs)</a></li>
473                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Multivariate Core Trend Inflation" aria-label="Multivariate Core Trend Inflation" href="/research/policy/mct#--:mct-inflation:trend-inflation" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Multivariate Core Trend Inflation']);">Multivariate Core Trend Inflation</a></li>
474                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="New York Fed DSGE Model" aria-label="New York Fed DSGE Model" href="/research/policy/dsge#/interactive" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'New York Fed DSGE Model']);">New York Fed DSGE Model</a></li>
475                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="New York Fed Staff Nowcast" aria-label="New York Fed Staff Nowcast" href="/research/policy/nowcast#/nowcast" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'New York Fed Staff Nowcast']);">New York Fed Staff Nowcast</a></li>
476                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="R-star: Natural Rate of Interest" aria-label="R-star: Natural Rate of Interest" href="/research/policy/rstar " onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'R-star: Natural Rate of Interest']);">R-star: Natural Rate of Interest</a></li>
477                             
478                            </ul>
479                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower">Labor Market</span></li>
480                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
481                                    <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu">
481<a title="Labor Market for Recent College Graduates" aria-label="Labor Market for Recent College Graduates" href="/research/college-labor-market#--:explore:unemployment" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Labor Market for Recent College Graduates']);">Labor Market for Recent College Graduates</a></li>
482<li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Labor Market Tightness Index" aria-label="Labor Market Tightness Index" href="/research/labor-market-tightness/#interactive" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Labor Market Tightness Index']);">Labor Market Tightness Index</a></li>
483                            
484
485                            </ul>
486						<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower">Financial Stability</span></li>
487                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
488                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Corporate Bond Market Distress Index" aria-label="Corporate Bond Market Distress Index" href="/research/policy/cmdi#/interactive" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Corporate Bond Market Distress Index']);">Corporate Bond Market Distress Index</a></li>
489<li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Losses from Natural Disasters" aria-label="Losses from Natural Disasters" href="/research/policy/natural-disaster-losses " onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Losses from Natural Disasters']);">Losses from Natural Disasters</a></li>
490
491                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Outlook-at-Risk" aria-label="Outlook-at-Risk" href="/research/policy/outlook-at-risk#root:growth-at-risk" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Outlook-at-Risk']);">Outlook-at-Risk</a></li>
492                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Treasury Term Premia" aria-label="Treasury Term Premia" href="/research/data_indicators/term-premia-tabs#/interactive" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Treasury Term Premia']);">Treasury Term Premia</a></li>
493                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Yield Curve as a Leading Indicator" aria-label="Yield Curve as a Leading Indicator" href="/research/capital_markets/ycfaq#/interactive" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Yield Curve as a Leading Indicator']);">Yield Curve as a Leading Indicator</a></li>
494                            </ul>
495						<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower">Banking</span></li>
496                            <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-4 nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
497                                <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Banking Research Data Sets" aria-label="Banking Research Data Sets" href="/research/banking_research/datasets" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Banking Research Data Sets']);">Banking Research Data Sets</a></li>
498                               
499                                   <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-4 nav-type-menu"><a title="Reserve Demand Elasticity" aria-label="Reserve Demand Elasticity" href="/research/reserve-demand-elasticity" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Reserve Demand Elasticity']);">Reserve Demand Elasticity</a></li>
500                            </ul>
501						 
502                    </ul>
503                </li>
504				
505				
506				
507				
508				
509				
510				
511                <!-- END FIRST COLUMN, BEGIN SECOND COLUMN -->
512                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu"><div class="dxt-level-top"><a title="Regional Economy" aria-label="Regional Economy" href="/regional-economy" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Regional Economy']);">REGIONAL ECONOMY</a></div>
513                    <ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
514                                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Empire State Manufacturing Survey" aria-label="Empire State Manufacturing Survey" href="/survey/empire/empiresurvey_overview" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Empire State Manufacturing Survey']);">Empire State Manufacturing Survey</a></li>
515                                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Business Leaders Survey" aria-label="Business Leaders Survey" href="/survey/business_leaders/bls_overview " onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Business Leaders Survey']);">Business Leaders Survey</a></li>
516                                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Regional Business Surveys: Special Topics" aria-label="Regional Business Surveys: Special Topics" href="/survey/business_leaders/Supplemental_Survey_Report" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Regional Business Surveys: Special Topics']);">Regional Business Surveys: Special Topics</a></li>
517                                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Regional Employment Trends" aria-label="Regional Employment Trends" href="/research/regional_economy/regional-employment#/interactive" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Regional Employment Trends']);">Regional Employment Trends</a></li>
518                                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Early Benchmarked Employment Data" aria-label="Early Benchmarked Employment Data" href="/research/regional_economy/early-benchmarked-employment" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Early Benchmarked Employment Data']);">Early Benchmarked Employment Data</a></li>
519                           
520						<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower top-20px">INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY</span></li>
521                                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Global Supply Chain Pressure Index" aria-label="Global Supply Chain Pressure Index" href="/research/policy/gscpi#/interactive" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Global Supply Chain Pressure Index']);">Global Supply Chain Pressure Index</a></li>
522                                
523                             
524						
525                 </ul></li>
526				
527				
528				
529				
530				
531                <!-- END SECOND COLUMN, BEGIN THIRD COLUMN -->        
532                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label">RESEARCHERS</span>
533					<ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
534                    		<ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
535                    			<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Staff Economists" aria-label="Staff Economists" href="/research/economists" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Staff Economists']);">Staff Economists</a></li>
536                        		<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Visiting Scholars" aria-label="Visiting Scholars" href="/research/economists/visitors" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Visiting Scholars']);">Visiting Scholars</a></li>
537                        		<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Resident Scholars" aria-label="Resident Scholars" href="/research/resident_scholar" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Resident Scholars']);">Resident Scholars</a></li>
538                    		</ul>
539					<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu top-20px"><a title="Publications" aria-label="Publications" href="/research/publication_annuals" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Publications']);">PUBLICATIONS</a></li>
540							<ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
541                    			<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Liberty Street Economics" aria-label="Liberty Street Economics" href="https://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Liberty Street Economics']);">Liberty Street Economics</a></li>
542                        		<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Staff Reports" aria-label="Staff Reports" href="/research/staff_reports" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Staff Reports']);">Staff Reports</a></li>
543                        		<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Economic Policy Review" aria-label="Economic Policy Review" href="/research/epr" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Economic Policy Review']);">Economic Policy Review</a></li>
544<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Outside Journals" aria-label="Outside Journals" href="/research/outside_journals" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Outside Journals']);">Outside Journals</a></li>
545                    		</ul>
546					<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower top-20px">RESEARCH CENTERS</span></li>
547							<ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
548                    			<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
548<a title="Applied Macroeconomics & Econometrics Center (AMEC)" aria-label="Applied Macroeconomics & Econometrics Center (AMEC)" href="/research/amec" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Applied Macroeconomics & Econometrics Center (AMEC)']);">Applied Macroeconomics<br>&amp; Econometrics Center (AMEC)</a></li>
549                        		<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Center for Microeconomic Data (CMD)" aria-label="Center for Microeconomic Data (CMD)" href="/microeconomics" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Center for Microeconomic Data (CMD)']);">Center for Microeconomic Data (CMD)</a></li>
550                    		</ul>
551				<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower top-20px">CALENDAR</span></li>
552							<ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
553                    			<li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu"><a title="Economic Indicators Calendar" aria-label="Economic Indicators Calendar" href="/research/calendars/nationalecon_cal" onclick="_sz.push(['event', 'Research Megamenu', 'Click', 'Economic Indicators Calendar']);">Economic Indicators Calendar</a></li>
554                    		</ul>
555					</ul>
556                </li>
557                <!-- END THIRD COLUMN -->  
558
559            </ul>
560        </li>
561        <!-- END : LEVEL 1 -->
562
563<style>
564.dxt-menu-content .dxt-menu-images .dxt-menu-content-item {
565	height: 230px;
566}
567</style>
568  <!-- START : LEVEL 1 -->
569        <li id="nav-item-90" class="dxt-level-1-item nav nav-level-1 nav-type-megamenu">
570            <div class="dxt-level-top">
571                <div>
572                    <span class="dxt-mobile-menu-controls">
573                        <span></span>
574                    <span></span>
575                    <span></span>
576                    <span></span>
577                    </span>
578                    <a href="/financial-institution-supervision" title="Financial Institution Supervision">Financial Institution Supervision</a>
579                </div>
580            </div>
581            <ul id="nav-list-90" class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-2 nav nav-level-1 nav-type-megamenu mm-item-content">
582
583                <!-- START : LEVEL 2 -->
584                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
585                    <a href="/financial-institution-supervision" title="Financial Institution Supervision">Financial Institution Supervision</a>
586                </li>
587                <!-- END : LEVEL 2 -->
588
589                <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
590                <li id="nav-item-92" class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
591                    <div class="dxt-level-top">
592                        <div>
593                            <a href="/banking/supervisionregulate" title="Supervision &amp; Regulation">Supervision &amp; Regulation</a>
594                        </div>
595                    </div>
596                    <ul id="nav-list-92" class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
597
598                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
599                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-151">
600                            <a href="/banking/circulars" title="Circulars">Circulars</a>
601                        </li>
602                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
603
604                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
605                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-150">
606                            <a href="/banking/regulations" title="Regulations">Regulations</a>
607                        </li>
608                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
609
610                    </ul>
611                </li>
612                <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
613
614                <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
615                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-93">
616                    <div class="dxt-level-top">
617                        <div>
618                            <a href="/banking/reporting_formsinstruct" title="Reporting Forms &amp; Instructions">Reporting Forms &amp; Instructions</a>
619                        </div>
620                    </div>
621                    <ul id="nav-list-93" class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
622
623                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
624                        <li id="nav-item-156" class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
625                            <a href="/banking/reportingforms" title="Reporting Forms">Reporting Forms</a>
626                        </li>
627                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
628
629                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
630                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-157">
631                            <a href="/banking/regrept/regrept" title="Correspondence">Correspondence</a>
632                        </li>
633                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
634
635                    </ul>
636                </li>
637                <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
638
639                <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
640                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-94">
641                    <a href="/banking/ba" title="Bank Applications">Bank Applications</a>
642                </li>
643                <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
644
645                <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
646                <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-158">
647                    <div class="dxt-level-top">
648                        <div>
649                            <a href="/banking/protection" title="Consumer Protection">Consumer Protection</a>
650                        </div>
651                    </div>
652                    <ul class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-list-158">
653
654                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
655                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-159">
656                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/community-development/community-reinvestment-act" title="Community Reinvestment Act">Community Reinvestment Act</a>
657                        </li>
658                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
659
660                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
661                        <li id="nav-item-160" class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
662                            <a href="/banking/frauds_scams" title="Frauds and Scams">Frauds and Scams</a>
663                        </li>
664                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
665
666                    </ul>
667                </li>
668                <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
669
670                <!-- START : LEVEL CONTENT -->
671                <li class="nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
672                    <div class="dxt-menu-content">
673
674                        <div class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-desc">
675                            <p>
676                                As part of our core mission, we supervise and regulate financial institutions in the Second District. Our primary objective is to maintain a safe and competitive U.S. and global banking system.
677                            </p>
678                        </div>
679
680                        <div class="dxt-menu-images">
681
682                            <a href="/governance-and-culture-reform" title="The Governance &amp; Culture Reform" class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-image">
683                                <img src="/medialibrary/media/images/v4/fisg/mega_menu/governance-culture-reform-14
6830x88.jpg" alt="The Governance &amp; Culture Reform " title="The Governance &amp; Culture Reform " />
684                                <p>
685                                    The Governance & Culture Reform hub is designed to foster discussion about corporate governance and the reform of culture and behavior in the financial services industry.
686                                </p>
687                            </a>
688
689                            <a href="/banking/reporting_formsinstruct" title="Need to file a report with the New York Fed?" class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-image">
690                                <img src="/medialibrary/media/images/v4/fisg/mega_menu/fisg_mm_reportingforms.jpg" alt="Need to file a report with the New York Fed?" title="Need to file a report with the New York Fed?" />
691                                <p>
692                                    Need to file a report with the New York Fed? Here are all of the forms, instructions and other information related to regulatory and statistical reporting in one spot.
693                                </p>
694                            </a>
695
696                            <a href="/banking/protection" title="Frauds and Scams" class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-image">
697                                <img src="/medialibrary/media/images/v4/fisg/mega_menu/fisg_mm_consumerprotection.jpg" alt="Frauds and Scams" title="Frauds and Scams" />
698                                <p>
699                                    The New York Fed works to protect consumers as well as provides information and resources on how to avoid and report specific scams.
700                                </p>
701                            </a>
702
703                        </div>
704
705                    </div>
706                </li>
707                <!-- END : LEVEL CONTENT -->
708
709            </ul>
710        </li>
711        <!-- END : LEVEL 1 --> <!-- START : LEVEL 1 -->
712        <li id="nav-item-96" class="dxt-level-1-item nav nav-level-1 nav-type-megamenu">
713            <div class="dxt-level-top">
714                <div>
715                    <span class="dxt-mobile-menu-controls">
716                        <span></span>
717                    <span></span>
718                    <span></span>
719                    <span></span>
720                    </span>
721                    <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastructure" title="Financial Services &amp; Infrastructure">Financial&nbsp;Services &amp;&nbsp;Infrastructure</a>
722                </div>
723            </div>
724            <ul class="dxt-level-2-list dxt-level-2 nav nav-level-1 nav-type-megamenu mm-item-content" id="nav-list-96">
725
726                <!-- START : LEVEL 2 -->
727                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
728                    <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastructure" title="Financial Services &amp; Infrastructure">Financial Services &amp; Infrastructure</a>
729                </li>
730                <!-- END : LEVEL 2 -->
731
732                <!-- START : LEVEL 2 -->
733                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-98">
734                    <div class="dxt-level-top">
735                        <div>
736                            <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastructure/financial-services-operations" title="Financial Services &amp; Operations">Financial Services &amp; Operations</a>
737                        </div>
738                    </div>
739                    <ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-list-98">
740
741                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
742                        <li id="nav-item-401" class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
743                            <a href="/banking/services" title="Services For Financial Institutions">Services For Financial Institutions</a>
744                        </li>
745                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
746
747                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
748                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-402">
749                            <a href="/banking/payment_services" title="Payment Services">Payment Services</a>
750                        </li>
751                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
752
753                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
754                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-404">
755                            <a href="/banking/payment_oversight" title="Payment System Oversight">Payment System Oversight</a>
756                        </li>
757                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
758
759                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
760                        <li id="nav-item-422" class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
761                            <a href="/banking/international" title="International Services, Seminars &amp; Training">International Services, Seminars&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Training</a>
762                        </li>
763                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
764
765                    </ul>
766                </li>
767                <!-- END : LEVEL 2 -->
768
769                <!-- START : LEVEL 2 -->
770                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-99">
771                    <div class="dxt-level-top">
772                        <div>
773                            <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastru
773cture/financial-market-infrastructure-and-reform" title="Financial Market Infrastructure &amp; Reform">Financial Market Infrastructure &amp; Reform</a>
774                        </div>
775                    </div>
776                    <ul id="nav-list-99" class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
777
778                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
779                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-161">
780                            <a href="/banking/tpr_infr_reform" title="Tri-Party Repo Infrastructure Reform">Tri-Party Repo Infrastructure Reform</a>
781                        </li>
782                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
783
784                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
785                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-162">
786                            <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastructure/financial-market-infrastructure-and-reform/managing-foreign-exchange" title="Managing Foreign Exchange">Managing Foreign Exchange</a>
787                        </li>
788                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
789
790                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
791                        <li id="nav-item-163" class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
792                            <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastructure/financial-market-infrastructure-and-reform/money-market-funds" title="Money Market Funds">Money Market Funds</a>
793                        </li>
794                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
795
796                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
797                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-164">
798                            <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastructure/financial-market-infrastructure-and-reform/over-the-counter-derivatives" title="Over-The-Counter Derivatives">Over-The-Counter Derivatives</a>
799                        </li>
800                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
801
802                    </ul>
803                </li>
804                <!-- END : LEVEL 2 -->
805
806                <!-- START : LEVEL CONTENT -->
807                <li class="nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
808                    <div class="dxt-menu-content">
809
810                        <div class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-desc">
811                            <p>
812                                The Federal Reserve Bank of New York works to promote sound and well-functioning financial systems and markets through its provision of industry and payment services, advancement of infrastructure reform in key markets and training and educational support
813                                to international institutions.
814                            </p>
815                        </div>
816
817                        <div class="dxt-menu-images">
818
819                            <a href="/aboutthefed/nyic" title="The New York Innovation Center" class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-image">
820                                <img src="/medialibrary/media/images/v4/about_the_fed/innovation-center-mega-menu.jpg" alt="The New York Innovation Center" title="The New York Innovation Center">
821                                <p>The New York Innovation Center bridges the worlds of finance, technology, and innovation and generates insights into high-value central bank-related opportunities. </p>
822                            </a>
823
824                             <a href="/nonbank-financial-institutions" title="Nonbank Financial Institutions" class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-image">
825                                <img src="/medialibrary/media/images/v5/library/financial-services-infrastructure/nbfi/bank-nbfi-skyscrapers-280x176.jpg" alt="Looking skyward toward the tops of glass skyscrapers" title="Nonbank Financial Institions">
826                                <p>The growing role of nonbank financial institutions, or NBFIs, in U.S. financial markets is a transformational trend with implications for monetary policy and financial stability.</p>
827                            </a>
828
829                            <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastru
829cture/financial-services-operations/international-seminars-training" title="Training Programs" class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-image">
830                                <img src="/medialibrary/media/images/v4/fs_i/mega_menu/fsi_mm_seminar-training.jpg" alt="Specialized Courses" title="Specialized Courses">
831                                <p>The New York Fed offers the Central Banking Seminar and several specialized courses for central bankers and financial supervisors.</p>
832                            </a>
833
834                        </div>
835
836                    </div>
837                </li>
838                <!-- END : LEVEL CONTENT -->
839
840            </ul>
841        </li>
842        <!-- END : LEVEL 1 --> <!-- START : LEVEL 1 -->
843        <li id="nav-item-100" class="dxt-level-1-item nav nav-level-1 nav-type-megamenu">
844            <div class="dxt-level-top">
845                <div>
846                    <span class="dxt-mobile-menu-controls">
847                        <span></span>
848                    <span></span>
849                    <span></span>
850                    <span></span>
851                    </span>
852                    <a href="/outreach-and-education" title="Community Development and Education">Community Development<br>&amp;&nbsp;Education</a>
853                </div>
854            </div>
855            <ul class="dxt-level-2-list dxt-level-2 nav nav-level-1 nav-type-megamenu mm-item-content" id="nav-list-100">
856
857                <!-- START : LEVEL 2 -->
858                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
859                    <a href="/outreach-and-education" title="Community Development &amp;&nbsp;Education">Community Development &amp;&nbsp;Education</a>
860                </li>
861                <!-- END : LEVEL 2 -->
862
863                <!-- START : LEVEL 2 -->
864                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-1 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-102" style="margin-top: 22px;">
865                    <div class="dxt-level-top">
866                          <div>  <span class="nav nav-type-label"><a href="/outreach-and-education" title="Community Development &amp;&nbsp;Education">Community Development</a></span> </div>
867                    </div>
868                    <ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-1 nav-type-label" id="nav-list-102">
869                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
870                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-477">
871                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/staff" title="Staff">Staff</a>
872                        </li>
873                     <li  class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
874                    <div class="dxt-level-top">
875                        <div>
876                             <span id="nav-item-500" class="frs-init nav nav-type-label upperlower">Fed System Initiatives</span>
877                        </div>
878                    </div>
879                  <ul id="nav-list-93" class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
880
881                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
882                        <li id="nav-item-502" class="frs-init-items dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
883                           <a href="https://fedcommunities.org" title="Fed Communities">Fed Communities</a>
884                        </li>
885                        <li id="nav-item-502" class="frs-init-items dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
886                           <a href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/review-of-monetary-policy-strategy-tools-and-communications-fed-listens-events.htm" title="Fed Listens">Fed Listens</a>
887                        </li>
888                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
889
890                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
891                        <li class="frs-init-items dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-502">
892                            <a href="https://www.fedsmallbusiness.org" title="Fed Small Business">Fed Small Business</a>
893                        </li>
894                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
895                    </ul>
896                </li>                        
897                       <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
898                        <li id="nav-item-469" class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
899                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/other-community-development-work" title="Other Community Development Work">Other Community Development Work</a>
900                        </li>
901                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
902
903                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
904                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-468">
905                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/calendar" title="Community Development Calendar">Calendar</a>
906                        </li>
907                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
908
909                    </ul>
910                </li>
911                <!-- END : LEVEL 2 -->
912
913                <!-- START : LEVEL CONTENT -->
914                <li class="nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
915                    <div class="dxt-menu-content">
916
917                        <div class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-desc">
918                            
919                <ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-1 nav-type-label" id="nav-list-109" >
920 <!-- START : LEVEL 2 -->
921                <li class="dxt-level-2-item nav nav-level-1 nav-type-menu econ-ed-style" id="nav-item-102">
922                    <div class="dxt-level-top">
923                        <div>
924                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/economic-education" title="Economic Education">Economic Education</a>
925                        </div>
926                    </div>
927                    <ul class="dxt-level-3-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-1 nav-type-label" id="nav-list-102">
928
929                       
930                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
931
932                     <li id="nav-item-92" class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
933                      <div class="dxt-level-top">
934                        <div>
935                            <span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower">Programs</span>
936                        </div>
937                    </div>
938                  <ul id="nav-list-93" class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
939
940                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
941                        <li id="nav-item-156" class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
942                           <a href="/outreach-and-education/high-school/high-school-fed-challenge" title="High School Fed Challenge">High School Fed Challenge</a>
943                        </li>
944                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
945
946                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
947                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-157">
948                            <a href="/education/fedchallenge_college" title="College Fed Challenge">College Fed Challenge</a>
949                        </li>
950                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
951
952                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
953                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-157">
954                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/high-school/teacher-professional-development-program" title="Teacher Professional Development">Teacher Professional Development</a>
955                        </li>
956                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
957
958                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
959                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-157">
960                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/classroom-visits" title="Classroom Visits">Classroom Visits</a>
961                        </li>
962                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
963
964                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
965                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-157">
966                            <a href="/aboutthefed/museum-and-learning-center-visits" title="Museum &amp; Learning Center Visits">Museum &amp; Learning Center Visits</a>
967                        </li>
968                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
969                    </ul>
970                </li>
971                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
972                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-477">
973                            <div class="dxt-level-top">
974                        <div>
975                            <span class="nav nav-type-label upperlower">Resources</span>
976                        </div>
977                    </div>
978  <ul id="nav-list-93" class="dxt-bullets dxt-level-4-list dxt-level-3 nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu">
979
980                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
981                        <li id="nav-item-156" class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu">
982                           <a href="/outreach-and-education/comic-books" title="Educational Comic Books">Educational Comic Books</a>
983                        </li>
984                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
985
986                        <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
987                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-157">
988                            <a title="Economist Spotlight Series" href="/outreach-and-education/economic-education/economist-spotlight" title="Economist Spotlight Series">Economist Spotlight Series</a>
989                        </li>
990                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
991                          <!-- START : LEVEL 4 -->
992                        <li class="dxt-level-4-item nav nav-level-3 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-157">
993                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/ny-fed-content-for-educators" title="Lesson Plans and Resources">Lesson Plans and Resources</a>
994                        </li>
995                        <!-- END : LEVEL 4 -->
996			</ul>
997                        </li>
998                        <!-- END : LEVEL 3 -->
999
1000                        <!-- START : LEVEL 3 -->
1001                        <li class="dxt-level-3-item nav nav-level-2 nav-type-menu" id="nav-item-490">
1002                            <a href="/outreach-and-education/economic-education/calendar" title="Economic Education Calendar">Economic Education Calendar</a>
1003                        </li>
1004                    
1005
1006                    </ul>
1007                </li>
1008                <!-- END : LEVEL 2 -->
1009                       
1010
1011                        
1012
1013                    </ul></div><div class="dxt-menu-images">
1014
1015
1016
1017                           
1018
1019                           
1020                            <a href="/governance-and-culture-reform" title="Government and Culture Reform" class="dxt-menu-content-item dxt-menu-content-item-image">
1021                                <img src="/medialibrary/media/images/v4/fisg/mega_menu/governance-culture-reform-14
10210x88.jpg" alt="Government and Culture Reform" title="Government and Culture Reform">
1022                                <p>
1023                                    The Governance & Culture Reform hub is designed to foster discussion about corporate governance and the reform of culture and behavior in the financial services industry.
1024
1025                                </p> 
1026                            </a>
1027
1028                        </div></div>
1029                </li>
1030                <!-- END : LEVEL CONTENT -->
1031
1032            </ul>
1033        </li>
1034        <!-- END : LEVEL 1 -->
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1107        <li id="dxt_universal_nav"></li>
1108
1109    </ul>
1110
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1112<!-- END : MOBILE HEADER -->
1113<div id="dxt-overlay"></div>
1114        </header>
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1116        
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1120
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1126    
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1185
1186
1187        <h1 class="ts-article-title">Central Bank & International Account Services</h1>
1188
1189
1190
1191    
1192
1193
1194    <div id="sC-component-text-no-media" class="ts-article-text">
1195<div class="ts-intro-text">The New York Fed provides U.S. dollar-denominated banking services to foreign official and international institutions in support of Federal Reserve objectives and in recognition of the dollar’s predominant role as an international currency.</div>
1196
1197<div class="ts-article-text">
1198<p>
1199Services for foreign central banks, monetary authorities, and international organizations include funds, securities, and gold safekeeping; securities clearing, settlement, and investment; and correspondent banking, in which one bank (the correspondent) holds the deposits of and provides payment and other services to another bank (the respondent). Central banks rely on correspondent banking and custody services to safely, confidentially, and efficiently execute on core official sector functions. 
1200</p>
1201
1202<p>
1203By providing these banking services, the Federal Reserve enables foreign official and international institutions to make cross-border payments; invest, settle, and hold in safekeeping U.S. dollar reserves; and maintain a network of banking channels that they can employ to stabilize financial markets in times of stress. On behalf of the Federal Reserve System, the New York Fed has provided account services to the global official community <a href="/newsevents/speeches/2017/pot171220">since 1917</a>.
1204</p>
1205
1206<div class="ts-article-subhead">Banking Services Available to Account Holders</div>
1207
1208<p>The New York Fed provides services to foreign official and international institutions that facilitate the execution of public-sector mandates such as foreign reserves management, international relief and assistance, and financial stability. There are over 200 account holders maintaining more than 550 deposit and custody accounts at the New York Fed. Foreign central banks and monetary authorities hold the vast majority of these accounts, with international and regional organizations, foreign governments, and specialized accounts comprising the remainder.</p>
1209
1210<p>In addition, the New York Fed provides <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastructure/financial-services-operations/international-seminars-training">training</a> to other central banks, including an annual <a href="/banking/centralbank_overview.html">central banking seminar</a> and <a href="/financial-services-and-infrastructure/financial-services-operations/international-seminars-training">training programs</a> in central bank operations. </p>
1211
1212<div class="ts-strap">Safekeeping Services</div>
1213
1214<p>The New York Fed provides custodial services, including facilitating the receipt of principal and interest payments for Fedwire®-eligible securities, as well as for some non-Fedwire® securities through an arrangement with the Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation (DTCC) for eligible institutions. The New York Fed also provides clearing and settlement services for account holders’ securities transactions.</p>
1215
1216<div class="extra-options" id="content1">
1217<p>Most of the assets held in custody at the New York Fed are in the form of marketable U.S. government and agency securities. </p>
1218
1219<p>In addition, the New York Fed provides vault facilities to foreign official institutions for the deposit and safekeeping of gold. Foreign official gold reserves have been held in custody in the New York Fed's <a href="https://www.newyorkfed.org/aboutthefed/goldvault.html">gold vault</a> since 1924 for a number of reasons, including physical safety from international conflicts and the convenience of centralizing gold holdings to facilitate efficient international transactions.</p>
1220
1221<p>In aggregate, the New York Fed holds in custody a significant portion of the world’s U.S. dollar and gold reserves.</p>
1222</div>
1223
1224<span class="more-less-options-button" data-target="content1">Read more</span>
1225
1226<div class="ts-strap">Payment Services</div>
1227
1228<p>Foreign official institutions may establish deposit accounts at the New York Fed for the purpose of receiving and making payments in U.S. dollars. </p>
1229
1230<div class="extra-options" id="content2">
1231<p>These accounts help institutions access the U.S. financial system for time-critical U.S. dollar transfers that are official in nature, such as paying interest on outstanding debt, facilitating government operations, or enabling timely settlement of investments, among other needs.  </p>
1232
1233<p>Foreign official account holders may send and receive U.S. dollars via the Federal Reserve’s Fedwire® Funds Service. The New York Fed also manages physical currency: Account holders may send U.S. currency to the New York Fed for deposit, or arrange to have banknotes shipped by the New York Fed when they are in need of them. At an account holder’s request, the New York Fed will execute <a href="/markets/international-market-
1233operations/foreign-exchange-operations">foreign exchange transactions</a> for the purchase or sale of certain non-dollar currencies in order to facilitate non-dollar funds transfers. </p>
1234
1235</div>
1236
1237<span class="more-less-options-button" data-target="content2">Read more</span>
1238
1239<div class="ts-strap">Investment Services and Facilities</div>
1240
1241<p>The New York Fed provides a limited set of investment services to foreign official institutions, primarily to aid with their funds and liquidity management. The two primary service offerings are a pooled overnight reverse repurchase agreement (the FIMA reverse repo pool, also known as the foreign repo pool), and the purchase or sale of U.S. government securities. In addition, the New York Fed operates a standing repurchase agreement facility for foreign and international monetary authorities (FIMA Repo Facility).</p>
1242
1243<div class="extra-options" id="content3">
1244
1245<p>The FIMA reverse repo pool is a short-term U.S. dollar money-market investment that also supports account holders’ daily cash management needs related to the settlement of payments and securities transactions. Account holders that opt to participate in the FIMA reverse repo pool instruct the New York Fed to invest certain end-of-day cash balances in an overnight repurchase agreement under which securities are purchased from the Federal Reserve’s System Open Market Account (SOMA). At maturity, on the following business day, the securities are repurchased by the SOMA at a repurchase price that includes a return calculated at a rate generally equivalent to the New York Fed’s overnight reverse repurchase operations (ON RRP), although the New York Fed may vary the rate of return at any time without prior notice. </p>
1246
1247<p>The New York Fed is <a href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/files/FOMC_AuthorizationsContinuingDirectivesOMOs.pdf">authorized and directed by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)</a> to provide the FIMA reverse repo pool. This facility has existed since the mid-1970s. The FIMA reverse repo pool impacts the <a href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h41/">Federal Reserve’s balance sheet</a>. As account holders’ demand for FIMA reverse repo pool investments increases or declines, the composition of the Federal Reserve’s liabilities shifts, resulting in a corresponding reduction or increase in the U.S. banking system’s reserves.</p>
1248
1249<p>The New York Fed can also purchase and sell securities on an account holder’s behalf in U.S. government securities markets, either at auction or in the secondary market. The
1249se transactions are executed based on instructions from account holders. </p>
1250
1251<p>After having been launched as a temporary facility in March 2020, the FOMC established a standing FIMA Repo Facility in July 2021. The New York Fed is <a href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/files/FOMC_AuthorizationsContinuingDirectivesOMOs.pdf">authorized and directed by the FOMC</a> to operate this facility which serves as a backstop in money markets to support smooth market functioning. It does this by creating a temporary source of dollar liquidity for foreign official account holders and can help address pressures in global dollar funding markets that could otherwise affect financial market conditions in the United States. See additional information on the FIMA Repo Facility in the <a href="https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fima-repo-facility-faqs.htm">Frequently Asked Questions</a>.</p>
1252
1253</div>
1254
1255<span class="more-less-options-button" data-target="content3">Read more</span>
1256
1257
1258	
1259
1260
1261<br>
1262<p>Central banks interested in learning more about the services offered to official international account holders should contact <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.</p>
1263
1264</div>    </div>
1265
1266<div id="sC-component-text-with-media" class="sC-component-text-with-media">
1267    <div class="ts-text-with-media-image ">
1268            </div>
1269</div>
1270
1271    <div id="sC-component-accordion" class="frb-accordion-wrapper">
1272
1273    </div>
1274
1275</div>
1276<div class="grid_4 push_2">
1277    
1278    <div id="sC-component-accordion" class="frb-accordion-wrapper">
1279                    <div class="accordionButton">
1280Related New York Fed Content                    </div>
1281                    <div class="accordionContent" style="display: none;">
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287        <div class="wysiwyg">
1288<div><a href="/newsevents/speeches/2017/pot171220">Keynote Remarks for the Commemoration of the Centennial of the Federal Reserve's U.S. Dollar Account Services to the Global Official Sector</a></div>
1289
1290<div><a href="/newsevents/speeches/2017/pot170816">Remarks to the Assembly of Governors of the Association of African Central Banks</a></div>
1291
1292        </div>
1293
1294                    </div>
1295                    <div class="accordionButton">
1296Contacts                    </div>
1297                    <div class="accordionContent" style="display: none;">
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303        <div class="wysiwyg">
1304<div>
1305Central Bank & International Account Services (CBIAS)<br>
1306<a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a><br>
1307(212) 720-5679<br> 
1308Monday to Friday, 8:30am - 5:30pm (EDT)
1309</div>        </div>
1310
1311                    </div>
1312
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1314
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