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88						font-size: 11px !important;
89						position: absolute;
90						top: 0;
91						left: 0;
92						z-index: 1;
93					}
94					.asl_w_container {
95						width: 100%;
96						margin: 0px 0px 0px 0px;
97						min-width: 200px;
98					}
99					div[id*='ajaxsearchlite'].asl_m {
100						width: 100%;
101					}
102					div[id*='ajaxsearchliteres'].wpdreams_asl_results div.resdrg span.highlighted {
103						font-weight: bold;
104						color: rgba(217, 49, 43, 1);
105						background-color: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1);
106					}
107					div[id*='ajaxsearchliteres'].wpdreams_asl_results .results img.asl_image {
108						width: 70px;
109						height: 70px;
110						object-fit: cover;
111					}
112					div[id*='ajaxsearchlite'].asl_r .results {
113						max-height: none;
114					}
115					div[id*='ajaxsearchlite'].asl_r {
116						position: absolute;
117					}
118				
119						div.asl_r.asl_w.vertical .results .item::after {
120							display: block;
121							position: absolute;
122							bottom: 0;
123							content: '';
124							height: 1px;
125							width: 100%;
126							background: #D8D8D8;
127						}
128						div.asl_r.asl_w.vertical .results .item.asl_last_item::after {
129							display: none;
130						}
131					
132/*# sourceURL=wpdreams-asl-basic-inline-css */
133</style>
134<link rel='stylesheet' id='wpdreams-asl-instance-css' href='https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/ajax-search-lite/css/style-underline.css?ver=4.14.5' media='all' />
135<script id="jquery-core-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 135
135
136<script id="jquery-migrate-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 136
136
137<script id="twbbwg-circle-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/booster/assets/js/circle-progress.js?ver=1.2.2"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 137
137
138<script id="twbbwg-global-js-extra">
139var twb = {"nonce":"28c7eff7b9","ajax_url":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","plugin_url":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/booster","href":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-admin/admin.php?page=twbbwg_photo-gallery"};
140var twb = {"nonce":"28c7eff7b9","ajax_url":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","plugin_url":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/booster","href":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-admin/admin.php?page=twbbwg_photo-gallery"};
141//# sourceURL=twbbwg-global-js-extra
142</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 142
142
143<script id="twbbwg-global-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/booster/assets/js/global.js?ver=1.0.0"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 143
143
144<script id="wpdm-modal-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/download-manager/assets/modal/wpdm-modal.min.js?ver=3.3.71"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 144
144
145<script id="wpdm-frontend-js-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/download-manager/assets/js/wpdm.min.js?ver=7.1.2"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 145
145
146<script id="wpdm-frontjs-js-extra">
147var wpdm_url = {"home":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/","site":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/","ajax":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"};
148var wpdm_js = {"spinner":"\u003Ci class=\"wpdm-icon wpdm-sun wpdm-spin\"\u003E\u003C/i\u003E","client_id":"47aef6c653bc06b74d1be76d96843c17"};
149var wpdm_strings = {"pass_var":"Password Verified!","pass_var_q":"Please click following button to start download.","start_dl":"Start Download"};
150//# sourceURL=wpdm-frontjs-js-extra
151</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 151
151
152<script id="wpdm-frontjs-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/download-manager/assets/js/front.min.js?ver=3.3.71"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 152
152
153<script id="wpfc-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/gs-facebook-comments/public/js/wpfc-public.js?ver=1.7.5"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 153
153
154<script id="sumoselect-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/js/jquery.sumoselect.min.js?ver=3.4.6"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 154
154
155<script id="bwg_mobile-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/js/tocca.min.js?ver=2.0.9"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 155
155
156<script id="mCustomScrollbar-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/js/jquery.mCustomScrollbar.concat.min.js?ver=3.1.5"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 156
156
157<script id="jquery-fullscreen-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/js/jquery.fullscreen.min.js?ver=0.6.0"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 157
157
158<script id="bwg_frontend-js-extra">
159var bwg_objectsL10n = {"bwg_field_required":"field is required.","bwg_mail_validation":"This is not a valid email address.","bwg_search_result":"There are no images matching your search.","bwg_select_tag":"Select Tag","bwg_order_by":"Order By","bwg_search":"Search","bwg_show_ecommerce":"Show Ecommerce","bwg_hide_ecommerce":"Hide Ecommerce","bwg_show_comments":"Show Comments","bwg_hide_comments":"Hide Comments","bwg_restore":"Restore","bwg_maximize":"Maximize","bwg_fullscreen":"Fullscreen","bwg_exit_fullscreen":"Exit Fullscreen","bwg_search_tag":"SEARCH...","bwg_tag_no_match":"No tags found","bwg_all_tags_selected":"All tags selected","bwg_tags_selected":"tags selected","play":"Play","pause":"Pause","is_pro":"","bwg_play":"Play","bwg_pause":"Pause","bwg_hide_info":"Hide info","bwg_show_info":"Show info","bwg_hide_rating":"Hide rating","bwg_show_rating":"Show rating","ok":"Ok","cancel":"Cancel","select_all":"Select all","lazy_load":"0","lazy_loader":"https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/images/ajax_loader.png","front_ajax":"0","bwg_tag_see_all":"see all tags","bwg_tag_see_less":"see less tags"};
160//# sourceURL=bwg_frontend-js-extra
161</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 161
161
162<script id="bwg_frontend-js" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/plugins/photo-gallery/js/scripts.min.js?ver=1.8.47"></script>
162
163
164<!-- Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit -->
165<!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit -->
vendor: 80 bytes, lines 165-166
165
166<script id="google_gtagjs-js" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=
166G-6X5TJD1460
vendor: 18 bytes, line 166
166" async></script>
167<script id="google_gtagjs-js-after">
168window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
169gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["ieakenya.or.ke"]});
170gtag("js", new Date());
171gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true);
172gtag("config", "G-6X5TJD1460");
173//# sourceURL=google_gtagjs-js-after
174</script>
174
175<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/1908" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
176<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 7.1.2" />
177<link rel='shortlink' href='https://ieakenya.or.ke/?p=1908' />
178<meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.188.0" />
179<!-- Google AdSense meta tags added by Site Kit -->
180<meta name="google-adsense-platform-account" content="ca-host-pub-2644536267352236">
181<meta name="google-adsense-platform-domain" content="sitekit.withgoogle.com">
182<!-- End Google AdSense meta tags added by Site Kit -->
183				<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin />
184				<link rel="preload" as="style" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans&display=swap" />
185								<link rel="stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans&display=swap" media="all" />
186				<link rel="icon" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/favicon.png" sizes="32x32" />
187<link rel="icon" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/favicon.png" sizes="192x192" />
188<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/favicon.png" />
189<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/favicon.png" />
190<meta name="generator" content="WordPress Download Manager 3.3.71" />
191                <style>
192        /* WPDM Link Template Styles */        </style>
193                <style>
194
195            :root {
196                --color-primary: #4a8eff;
197                --color-primary-rgb: 74, 142, 255;
198                --color-primary-hover: #5998ff;
199                --color-primary-active: #3281ff;
200                --clr-sec: #6c757d;
201                --clr-sec-rgb: 108, 117, 125;
202                --clr-sec-hover: #6c757d;
203                --clr-sec-active: #6c757d;
204                --color-secondary: #6c757d;
205                --color-secondary-rgb: 108, 117, 125;
206                --color-secondary-hover: #6c757d;
207                --color-secondary-active: #6c757d;
208                --color-success: #018e11;
209                --color-success-rgb: 1, 142, 17;
210                --color-success-hover: #0aad01;
211                --color-success-active: #0c8c01;
212                --color-info: #2CA8FF;
213                --color-info-rgb: 44, 168, 255;
214                --color-info-hover: #2CA8FF;
215                --color-info-active: #2CA8FF;
216                --color-warning: #FFB236;
217                --color-warning-rgb: 255, 178, 54;
218                --color-warning-hover: #FFB236;
219                --color-warning-active: #FFB236;
220                --color-danger: #ff5062;
221                --color-danger-rgb: 255, 80, 98;
222                --color-danger-hover: #ff5062;
223                --color-danger-active: #ff5062;
224                --color-green: #30b570;
225                --color-blue: #0073ff;
226                --color-purple: #8557D3;
227                --color-red: #ff5062;
228                --color-muted: rgba(69, 89, 122, 0.6);
229                --wpdm-font: "Sen", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";
230            }
231
232            .wpdm-download-link.btn.btn-primary {
233                border-radius: 4px;
234            }
235
236
237        </style>
238        
239    <!-- Favicon -->
240    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/images/favicon.png">
241    
242    <!-- CSS
243	============================================ -->
244   
245    <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
246    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/assets/css/bootstrap.min.css?v=2.2">
247    <!-- Icon Font CSS -->
248    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/assets/css/icons.min.css?v=2.2">
249    <!-- Plugins CSS -->
250    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/assets/css/plugins.css?v=2.3">
251    <!-- Main Style CSS -->
252    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/assets/css/style.css?v=2.3">
253   
254
255	<!-- Theme CSS -->
256		<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/css/theme.css?v=2.2">
257
258		<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/css/theme-elements.css?v=2.2">
259
260		<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/css/settings.css?v=2.2" media="screen">
261		<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/css/select2.min.css?v=2.2" />
262		
262<script src="https://platform-api.sharethis.com/js/sharethis.js#property=607586034d1bac0012adf754&product=inline-share-buttons" async></script>
262
263		
264
265</head>
266<body class="wp-singular page-template page-template-page-templates page-template-blogs page-template-page-templatesblogs-php page page-id-1908 wp-custom-logo wp-theme-custom2">
267    
268<!-- style="background-image:url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/images/header-shape.png);" -->
269
270<header class="header-area">
271   
272    <div class="header-bottom sticky-bar clearfix">
273        <div class="container">
274            <div class="row ">
275                <div class="col-md-1">
276                    <div class="logo">
277                        <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke">
278                            <img alt="" src="https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/themes/custom2/images/logo.png"><br><br>
279                        </a>
280                    </div>
281                </div>
282                <div class="col-md-11"><br>
283					<div class="header-contact hidden-sm hidden-xs">
284					<div class="row ">
285						<div class="col-md-8">
286							<div class="main-menu">
287                            <nav>
288                                <ul>
289                                    <li id="nav-menu-item-1888" class="main-menu-item    menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/download-category/bulletins-and-briefs/" class=" ">Publications</a></li>
290<li id="nav-menu-item-2047" class="main-menu-item    menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-all_events"><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/all_events/events/" class=" ">Events</a></li>
291<li id="nav-menu-item-1910" class="main-menu-item    menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-1908 current_page_item"><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blogs/" class=" ">Blog</a></li>
292<li id="nav-menu-item-1812" class="main-menu-item    menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/membership/" class=" ">Membership</a></li>
293<li id="nav-menu-item-1661" class="main-menu-item    menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/about/" class=" ">About</a></li>
294                                </ul>
295                            </nav>
296                        </div>
297						</div>
298						<div class="col-md-4">
299							<ul>
300                            <!--<li><i class="fa fa-phone"></i> +254 (020) 272 1262 /  (020) 271 7402 </li>
301                            <li><i class="fa fa-envelope-o"></i><a href="#">[email protected]</a></li>-->
302							<li><div class="gtranslate_wrapper" id="gt-wrapper-12319914"></div></li>
303							<li><div class="asl_w_container asl_w_container_1" data-id="1" data-instance="1">
304	<div id='ajaxsearchlite1'
305		data-id="1"
306		data-instance="1"
307		class="asl_w asl_m asl_m_1 asl_m_1_1">
308		<div class="probox">
309
310	
311	<div class='prosettings' style='display:none;' data-opened=0>
312				<div class='innericon'>
313			<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="22" height="22" viewBox="0 0 512 512" enable-background="new 0 0 512 512" xml:space="preserve">
314					<polygon transform = "rotate(90 256 256)" points="142.332,104.886 197.48,50 402.5,256 197.48,462 142.332,407.113 292.727,256 "/>
315				</svg>
316		</div>
317	</div>
318
319	
320	
321	<div class='proinput'>
322		<form role="search" action='#' autocomplete="off"
323				aria-label="Search form">
324			<input aria-label="Search input"
325					type='search' class='orig'
326					tabindex="0"
327					name='phrase'
328					placeholder='Search here..'
329					value=''
330					autocomplete="off"/>
331			<input aria-label="Search autocomplete input"
332					type='text'
333					class='autocomplete'
334					tabindex="-1"
335					name='phrase'
336					value=''
337					autocomplete="off" disabled/>
338			<input type='submit' value="Start search" style='width:0; height: 0; visibility: hidden;'>
339		</form>
340	</div>
341
342	
343	
344	<button class='promagnifier' tabindex="0" aria-label="Search magnifier button">
345				<span class='innericon' style="display:block;">
346			<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="22" height="22" viewBox="0 0 512 512" enable-background="new 0 0 512 512" xml:space="preserve">
347					<path d="M460.355,421.59L353.844,315.078c20.041-27.553,31.885-61.437,31.885-98.037
348						C385.729,124.934,310.793,50,218.686,50C126.58,50,51.645,124.934,51.645,217.041c0,92.106,74.936,167.041,167.041,167.041
349						c34.912,0,67.352-10.773,94.184-29.158L419.945,462L460.355,421.59z M100.631,217.041c0-65.096,52.959-118.056,118.055-118.056
350						c65.098,0,118.057,52.959,118.057,118.056c0,65.096-52.959,118.056-118.057,118.056C153.59,335.097,100.631,282.137,100.631,217.041
351						z"/>
352				</svg>
353		</span>
354	</button>
355
356	
357	
358	<div class='proloading'>
359
360		<div class="asl_loader"><div class="asl_loader-inner asl_simple-circle"></div></div>
361
362			</div>
363
364			<div class='proclose'>
365			<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px"
366				y="0px"
367				width="12" height="12" viewBox="0 0 512 512" enable-background="new 0 0 512 512"
368				xml:space="preserve">
369				<polygon points="438.393,374.595 319.757,255.977 438.378,137.348 374.595,73.607 255.995,192.225 137.375,73.622 73.607,137.352 192.246,255.983 73.622,374.625 137.352,438.393 256.002,319.734 374.652,438.378 "/>
370			</svg>
371		</div>
372	
373	
374</div>	</div>
375	<div class='asl_data_container' style="display:none !important;">
376		<div class="asl_init_data wpdreams_asl_data_ct"
377	style="display:none !important;"
378	id="asl_init_id_1"
379	data-asl-id="1"
380	data-asl-instance="1"
381	data-settings="{&quot;homeurl&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/ieakenya.or.ke\/&quot;,&quot;resultstype&quot;:&quot;vertical&quot;,&quot;resultsposition&quot;:&quot;hover&quot;,&quot;itemscount&quot;:4,&quot;charcount&quot;:0,&quot;minWordLength&quot;:2,&quot;highlight&quot;:false,&quot;highlightWholewords&quot;:true,&quot;singleHighlight&quot;:false,&quot;scrollToResults&quot;:{&quot;enabled&quot;:false,&quot;offset&quot;:0},&quot;resultareaclickable&quot;:1,&quot;autocomplete&quot;:{&quot;enabled&quot;:true,&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;trigger_charcount&quot;:0},&quot;mobile&quot;:{&quot;menu_selector&quot;:&quot;#menu-toggle&quot;},&quot;trigger&quot;:{&quot;click&quot;:&quot;results_page&quot;,&quot;click_location&quot;:&quot;same&quot;,&quot;update_href&quot;:false,&quot;return&quot;:&quot;results_page&quot;,&quot;return_location&quot;:&quot;same&quot;,&quot;facet&quot;:true,&quot;type&quot;:true,&quot;redirect_url&quot;:&quot;?s={phrase}&quot;,&quot;delay&quot;:300},&quot;animations&quot;:{&quot;pc&quot;:{&quot;settings&quot;:{&quot;anim&quot;:&quot;fadedrop&quot;,&quot;dur&quot;:300},&quot;results&quot;:{&quot;anim&quot;:&quot;fadedrop&quot;,&quot;dur&quot;:300},&quot;items&quot;:&quot;voidanim&quot;},&quot;mob&quot;:{&quot;settings&quot;:{&quot;anim&quot;:&quot;fadedrop&quot;,&quot;dur&quot;:300},&quot;results&quot;:{&quot;anim&quot;:&quot;fadedrop&quot;,&quot;dur&quot;:300},&quot;items&quot;:&quot;voidanim&quot;}},&quot;autop&quot;:{&quot;state&quot;:true,&quot;phrase&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;1&quot;},&quot;resPage&quot;:{&quot;useAjax&quot;:false,&quot;selector&quot;:&quot;#main&quot;,&quot;trigger_type&quot;:true,&quot;trigger_facet&quot;:true,&quot;trigger_magnifier&quot;:false,&quot;trigger_return&quot;:false},&quot;resultsSnapTo&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;results&quot;:{&quot;width&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;width_tablet&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;width_phone&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;},&quot;settingsimagepos&quot;:&quot;right&quot;,&quot;closeOnDocClick&quot;:true,&quot;overridewpdefault&quot;:false,&quot;override_method&quot;:&quot;get&quot;}"></div>
382	<div id="asl_hidden_data">
383		<svg style="position:absolute" height="0" width="0">
384			<filter id="aslblur">
385				<feGaussianBlur in="SourceGraphic" stdDeviation="4"/>
386			</filter>
387		</svg>
388		<svg style="position:absolute" height="0" width="0">
389			<filter id="no_aslblur"></filter>
390		</svg>
391	</div>
392	</div>
393
394	<div id='ajaxsearchliteres1'
395	class='vertical wpdreams_asl_results asl_w asl_r asl_r_1 asl_r_1_1'>
396
397	
398	<div class="results">
399
400		
401		<div class="resdrg">
402		</div>
403
404		
405	</div>
406
407	
408	
409</div>
410
411	<div id='__original__ajaxsearchlitesettings1'
412		data-id="1"
413		class="searchsettings wpdreams_asl_settings asl_w asl_s asl_s_1">
414		<form name='options'
415		aria-label="Search settings form"
416		autocomplete = 'off'>
417
418	
419	
420	<input type="hidden" name="filters_changed" style="display:none;
420" value="0">
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639											<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/to-what-extent-is-kenya-exposed-to-the-usa-economic-outcast-sanctions-on-iran/'>To what extent is Kenya exposed to the USA Economic Outcast Sanctions on Iran?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenya-has-been-here-before-contingent-liabilities-and-the-national-infrastructure-fund-act/'>Kenya Has Been Here Before: Contingent Liabilities and the National Infrastructure Fund Act<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-national-budget-a-matatu-ride-reflecting-fiscal-volatility-and-structural-inefficiencies/'>Kenya’s National Budget: A Matatu Ride Reflecting Fiscal Volatility and Structural Inefficiencies<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/ntsa-should-not-regulate-public-service-vehicle-fares/'>NTSA Should Not Regulate Public Service Vehicle Fares<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-would-it-mean-for-a-hypothetical-listing-of-space-x-on-nairobi-stock-exchange/'>What Would It Mean for a Hypothetical Listing of Space X On Nairobi Stock Exchange?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-arithmetic-of-ambition-what-kenyas-first-world-dream-really-requires/'>The Arithmetic of Ambition: What Kenya&#8217;s First-World Dream Really Requires?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-debt-borrow-today-pay-tomorrow/'>Kenya&#8217;s Debt: Borrow Today, Pay Tomorrow<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-kenya-should-reconsider-price-and-wage-control-policies/'>Why Kenya should Reconsider price and wage Control Policies.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-to-fulfil-the-constitutional-promise-for-free-primary-education-now/'>How to Fulfil the Constitutional Promise for Free Primary Education Now<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-july-is-key-in-kenyas-budget-cycle/'>Why July is Key in Kenya&#8217;s Budget Cycle<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-public-debt-blind-spot-the-missing-piece-in-debt-sustainability-analysis/'>Kenya&#8217;s Public Debt Blind Spot: The Missing Piece in Debt Sustainability Analysis<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/are-more-people-really-a-problem-evidence-from-the-simon-abundance-index/'>Are More People Really a Problem? Evidence from the Simon Abundance Index<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/excise-duties-and-regional-integration-is-kenya-undermining-its-biggest-export-market/'>Excise Duties and Regional Integration: Is Kenya Undermining Its Biggest Export Market?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-second-quarter-budget-pulse-inside-the-numbers-and-progress-for-fy-2025-26-budget-implementation/'>Kenya’s Second Quarter Budget Pulse: Inside the Numbers and Progress for FY 2025/26 Budget Implementation<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-the-two-pot-system-a-viable-option-for-kenyas-pensioners/'>Is the Two-Pot System a Viable Option for Kenya’s Pensioners?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-vat-system-under-strain-current-issues-and-what-needs-to-be-fixed/'>Kenya’s VAT System Under Strain: Current Issues and What Needs to be Fixed<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-local-content-bill-2025-pain-wrapped-in-protection-notions/'>The Local Content Bill, 2025: Pain wrapped in Protection Notions<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/petroleum-price-shocks-fiscal-distortions-and-a-reform-roadmap-for-kenya-in-2026/'>Petroleum Price Shocks, Fiscal Distortions, and a Reform Roadmap for Kenya in 2026<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/saving-in-the-shadow-of-debt-does-kenya-have-the-fiscal-space-for-a-sovereign-wealth-fund/'>Saving in the Shadow of Debt: Does Kenya Have the Fiscal Space for a Sovereign Wealth Fund?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-fuel-prices-in-kenya-dont-tell-the-full-story-2019-2026/'>Why Fuel Prices in Kenya Don’t Tell the Full Story (2019–2026)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/finance-bill-2026-legislating-in-reverse/'>Finance Bill 2026: Legislating in Reverse<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/fiscal-policy-in-an-era-of-global-instability-the-end-of-business-as-usual/'>Fiscal Policy in an era of Global Instability: The End of Business as Usual<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-opportunity-cost-of-kenyas-national-infrastru
639cture-fund/'>The Opportunity Cost of Kenya’s National Infrastructure Fund<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-nuclear-power-the-dirtiest-and-deadliest-source-of-electricity/'>Is Nuclear Power the Dirtiest and Deadliest Source of Electricity?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/growth-is-good-and-growth-is-all-thats-required-notes-from-the-growth-summit-2026/'>Growth is Good and Growth is All That’s Required: Notes from the Growth Summit 2026<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/remembering-adam-smiths-work-the-devil-behind-kenyas-stagnation-in-the-fight-on-poverty/'>Remembering Adam Smith’s Work: The Devil Behind Kenya’s Stagnation in the Fight on Poverty<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/an-overview-of-kenyas-tax-expenditures-from-silent-spending-to-fiscal-accountability/'>An Overview of Kenya’s Tax Expenditures: From &#8220;Silent Spending&#8221; to Fiscal Accountability<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-securitization-a-fiscal-innovation-or-clever-debt-accounting/'>Is Securitization a Fiscal Innovation or Clever Debt Accounting?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/a-call-for-reform-of-kenyas-interbank-settlement-processes/'>A Call for Reform of Kenya’s Interbank Settlement Processes<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/a-just-global-order-is-a-financing-question/'>A Just Global Order Is a Financing Question<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/rethinking-famine-in-kenya-why-kenyas-famines-are-not-just-ecological-but-economic/'>Rethinking Famine in Kenya: Why Kenya’s Famines Are Not Just Ecological but Economic<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/fuel-relief-for-kenyans-amid-the-us-israel-war-on-iran-how-simple-policy-changes-could-cut-prices-at-the-pump/'>Fuel Relief for Kenyans Amid the US-Israel war on Iran: How Simple Policy Changes Could Cut Prices at the Pump<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-nssf-17-return-and-its-impact-on-competition-in-the-pension-industry/'>The NSSF 17% Return and its Impact on Competition in the Pension Industry<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-the-exit-from-sugar-safeguards-means-for-competition/'>What the Exit from Sugar Safeguards Means for Competition<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-kenya-needs-budget-writing-rules-a-law-and-economics-approach/'>Why Kenya Needs Budget Writing Rules: A Law and Economics Approach<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/from-audit-to-action-closing-leakages-in-kenyas-ministries-departments-and-agencies-mdas/'>From Audit to Action: Closing Leakages in Kenya’s Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-parliament-should-take-performance-audits-seriously/'>Why Parliament Should Take Performance Audits Seriously<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-article-231-central-bank-of-kenya-is-not-a-fiscal-agent-of-the-government/'>The Article 231 Central Bank of Kenya is not a Fiscal Agent of the Government<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/lessons-for-kenyan-policymakers-and-citizens-from-the-failures-of-the-comesa-sugar-safeguard/'>Lessons for Kenyan policymakers and Citizens from the Failures of the COMESA Sugar Safeguard<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/beyond-access-why-kenyas-secondary-education-crisis-is-a-demand-supply-problem/'>Beyond Access: Why Kenya’s Secondary Education Crisis Is a Demand–Supply Problem.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/when-budgets-shape-democracy-kenyas-2025-26-fiscal-choices-and-the-future-of-civic-space/'>When Budgets Shape Democracy: Kenya’s 2025/26 Fiscal Choices and the Future of Civic Space<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-debt-story-structural-vulnerabilities-and-the-path-to-a-sustainable-trajectory/'>Kenya’s Debt Story: Structural Vulnerabilities and the Path to a Sustainable Trajectory<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/understanding-kenyas-evolving-energy-mix-and-its-implications-for-reliability/'>Understanding Kenya’s Evolving Energy Mix and Its Implications for Reliability<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/a-minimum-guarantee-price-for-sugar-cane-farmers/'>A Minimum Guarantee Price for Sugar Cane Farmers?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-does-the-2025-nobel-prize-in-economic-sciences-mean-for-economic-policy/'>What does the 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences mean for Economic Policy?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/digital-freedom-or-digital-prison-what-kenyas-new-cybercrime-law-means-for-freedom-of-speech-economic-freedom/'>Digital Freedom or Digital Prison? What Kenya’s New Cybercrime Law Means for Freedom of Speech &#038; Economic Freedom<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-hunger-regression-what-kenyas-new-global-hunger-index-ranking-really-means/'>Kenya’s Hunger Regression: What Kenya’s New Global Hunger Index Ranking Really Means<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-ai-preparedness-landscape-for-think-tanks/'>The AI Preparedness Landscape for Think Tanks<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-should-swift-and-small-open-economies-respond-to-the-changing-political-economy-of-global-payments-systems/'>What Should SWIFT and Small, Open Economies Respond to the Changing Political Economy of Global Payment&#8217;s Systems?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-compliance-challenge-investigating-non-adherence-to-kenyas-pfm-fiscal-rules/'>The Compliance Challenge: Investigating Non-Adherence to Kenya&#8217;s PFM Fiscal Rules<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tracking-kenya-transition-to-accrual-accounting-system-overview-pros-and-cons/'>Tracking Kenya Transition to Accrual Accounting: System overview, Pros and Cons<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/unlocking-kenyas-potential-through-womens-economic-empowerment-initiatives-insights-from-iea-kenya-study-on-tracking-budgets-on-womens-economic-empowerment-wee-in-kenya/'>Unlocking Kenya’s Potential Through Women’s Economic Empowerment Initiatives: Insights from IEA-Kenya Study on Tracking Budgets on Women&#8217;s Economic Empowerment (WEE ) in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-2025-global-peace-index-score-counting-the-economic-cost-of-fragility/'>Kenya’s 2025 Global Peace Index Score: Counting the Economic Cost of Fragility<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-silent-siege-the-hidden-economic-costs-of-state-fragility-in-kenya/'>The Silent Siege: The Hidden Economic Costs of State Fragility in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-relevance-of-scenario-techniques-reflections-from-the-oxford-scenarios-programme/'>The Relevance of Scenario Techniques: Reflections from the Oxford Scenarios Programme<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/agriculture-sector-budget-fy-2025-26/'>Agriculture Sector Budget FY 2025/26<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-shilling-reserves-dilemma-why-kenya-needs-stability-not-just-strength/'>The Shilling–Reserves Dilemma: Why Kenya Needs Stability, Not Just Strength.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/monetary-stability-or-political-control-the-case-for-central-bank-independence/'>Monetary Stability or Political Control? The Case for Central Bank Independence.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-consequence-of-a-strong-currency-on-kenyas-trade-compet
639itiveness/'>The Consequence of a Strong Currency on Kenya’s Trade Competitiveness<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/hidden-costs-and-effects-of-pending-bills-on-the-economy/'>Hidden Costs and Effects of Pending Bills on the Economy.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-are-the-estimated-effects-of-us-tariff-hikes/'>What are the Estimated Effects of US Tariff Hikes?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/has-kenya-really-hired-more-teachers-a-look-behind-the-numbers/'>Has Kenya Really Hired More Teachers? A Look Behind the Numbers<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/who-wins-in-the-rules-based-international-trading-system/'>Who Wins in the Rules Based International Trading System?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-kenyas-legislature-undermines-its-own-oversight-role-and-public-trust/'>How Kenya’s Legislature Undermines Its Own Oversight Role and Public Trust<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-economic-case-for-privatization-of-kenya-pipeline/'>The Economic Case for Privatization of Kenya Pipeline<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-government-policy-shouldnt-limit-creative-destruction-in-the-running-of-commercial-state-owned-entities/'>Why Government Policy Shouldn’t Limit Creative Destruction in the Running of Commercial State-Owned Entities<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/reframing-central-banking-in-kenya-the-case-for-a-dual-mandate/'>Reframing Central Banking in Kenya: The Case for a Dual Mandate<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/beyond-the-price-tag-why-what-kenyans-spend-isnt-always-what-they-consume/'>Beyond the Price Tag: Why What Kenyans Spend Isn’t Always What They Consume<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-promise-of-the-equalization-fund-and-its-fulfilment-reality-or-mirage/'>The Promise of the Equalization Fund and its Fulfilment: Reality or Mirage?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-has-higher-incomes-has-not-made-kenyans-live-longer-than-other-east-africans/'>Why Has Higher Incomes Not Made Kenyans Live Longer than other East Africans?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-kenyas-procurement-reform-targets-for-fy-2025-26-are-unlikely-to-succeed/'>Why Kenya’s Procurement Reform Targets for FY 2025/26 Are Unlikely to Succeed<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/pan-africanism-or-bad-economics-argument-against-monetary-union/'>Pan-Africanism or Bad Economics: Argument against Monetary Union.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/assessing-kenyas-balance-of-payments-position-from-the-year-2019-to-2023/'>Assessing Kenya’s Balance of Payments Position From The Year 2019 to 2023<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/food-prices-in-kenya-a-moral-argument-against-protectionism/'>Food Prices in Kenya: A Moral Argument Against Protectionism<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-4-sugar-development-levy/'>Kenya’s 4% Sugar Development Levy<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/wasted-billions-kenyas-stalled-projects-expose-deep-flaws-in-budget-planning-and-execution/'>Wasted Billions: Kenya&#8217;s Stalled Projects Expose Deep Flaws in Budget Planning and Execution<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/law-and-economy-arguments-against-designating-tax-administration-officers-as-police-officers/'>Law and Economy Arguments Against Designating Tax Administration Officers as Police Officers<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/understanding-kenyas-average-personal-income-tax-rate-and-its-implication-on-ordinary-revenue-performance/'>Understanding Kenya’s Average Personal Income Tax Rate and Its Implication on Ordinary Revenue Performance<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/broken-promises-strained-schools-what-kshs-117-billion-in-underfunding-means-for-kenyas-public-education/'>Broken Promises, Strained Schools: What KShs. 117 Billion in Underfunding Means for Kenya&#8217;s Public Education<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/should-kenyas-petroleum-regulatory-authority-levy-have-been-ksh-0-35-per-litre-instead-of-ksh-0-75/'>Should Kenya’s Petroleum Regulatory Authority Levy Have Been Ksh 0.35 per Litre Instead of Ksh 0.75?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/epras-price-formula-is-getting-more-expensive-operating-margins/'>EPRA’s Price Formula is Getting More Expensive: Operating Margins<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/mitumba-a-welfare-and-market-argument/'>Mitumba: A Welfare and Market Argument<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/higher-education-funding-in-kenya-a-case-for-more-loans-and-less-grants/'>Higher Education Funding in Kenya: A case for more loans and less grants<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/treasurys-price-stability-notice-to-cbk-violates-the-constitution-and-undermines-economic-policy/'>Treasury’s Price Stability Notice to CBK Violates the Constitution and Undermines Economic Policy<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-effect-of-chinese-duty-free-market-access-on-kenyas-exports/'>The effect of Chinese Duty-Free Market access on Kenya’s Exports<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/if-inflation-is-down-why-does-life-still-feel-expensive/'>If Inflation Is Down, Why Does Life Still Feel Expensive?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-kenyas-cpi-data-reliable/'>Is Kenya’s CPI Data Reliable?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-it-fair-to-tax-the-digital-hustle-rethinking-the-2025-finance-bills-move-on-digital-marketplaces/'>Is It Fair to Tax the Digital Hustle? Rethinking the 2025 Finance Bill&#8217;s Move on Digital Marketplaces<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/where-has-the-imf-gone/'>Where has the IMF gone?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-kenyas-budget-too-rigid-a-look-at-non-discretionary-spending/'>Is Kenya’s Budget Too Rigid? A look at Non-discretionary Spending<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/ensuring-equitable-revenue-allocation-the-case-for-increased-county-government-funding/'>Ensuring Equitable Revenue Allocation: The Case for Increased County Government Funding<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/impact-of-delays-in-the-disbursement-of-funds-on-budget-planning-at-the-counties/'>Impact of delays in the disbursement of funds on budget planning at the counties<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/regulations-in-the-age-of-evolving-technology/'>Regulations in the age of evolving technology<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-tight-monetary-policy-is-undermining-manufacturing-investments-in-kenya/'>How Tight Monetary Policy is Undermining Manufacturing Investments in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-elusive-two-thirds-and-cost-of-selective-constitutionalism/'>The Elusive Two-Thirds and Cost of Selective Constitutionalism<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-vehicle-taxes-stall-capital-formation-and-economic-growth-in-kenya-a-conceptual-approach/'>How Vehicle Taxes Stall Capital Formation and Economic Growth in Kenya: A Conceptual Approach<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-the-finance-bill-2025-could-lower-net-salaries-in-kenya/'>How the Finance Bill 2025 Could Lower Net Salaries in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-irony-of-shif-a-hindrance-to-universal-health-coverage-in-kenya/'>The Irony of SHIF: A Hindrance to Universal Health Coverage in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/budget-credibility-trends-and-the-need-for-fiscal-discipline-in-kenya/'>Budget Credibility Trends and the need for Fiscal Discipline in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/policy-lessons-from-kra-staff-reshuffle/'>
639Policy Lessons from KRA Staff Reshuffle<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-a-chinese-citizen-should-have-asked-kenyas-president-and-his-large-retinue/'>What a Chinese Citizen Should have Asked Kenya&#8217;s President and his Large Retinue<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-case-for-more-effective-fiscal-rules-in-kenya/'>The Case for More Effective Fiscal Rules in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/when-fiscal-policy-misses-the-mark-kenyas-balancing-act-in-recent-years/'>When Fiscal Policy Misses the Mark: Kenya’s Balancing Act In recent years<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-international-trade-landscape-agoa-and-trumps-tariffs/'>Kenya’s International Trade Landscape: AGOA and Trump’s Tariffs<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tariffs-are-a-poor-policy-choice-for-reduction-of-trade-deficits/'>Tariffs are a poor policy choice for Reduction of Trade Deficits<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/africas-agenda-in-a-fragmenting-global-order/'>Africa’s Agenda in a Fragmenting Global Order<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-output-gap/'>Kenya&#8217;s Output Gap<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/reviewing-rule-making-what-type-of-doge-kenya-requires/'>Reviewing Rule-Making What type of DOGE Kenya Requires<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-policies-limiting-early-access-to-retirement-savings-are-misguided/'>Why Policies Limiting Early Access to Retirement Savings are Misguided<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tracking-maisha-namba-digital-upi-what-is-changing-and-what-are-the-key-issues/'>Tracking Maisha Namba &#8211; Digital UPI: What is changing, and what are the key issues?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/newly-proposed-state-corporation-reforms-a-necessary-fix-or-another-false-start/'>Newly Proposed State Corporation Reforms: A Necessary Fix or another False Start?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tax-101-tariffs-are-taxes/'>Tax 101: Tariffs are taxes<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/law-and-economics-of-occupational-licensing-the-case-of-law-profession/'>Law and Economics of Occupational Licensing: The Case of Law Profession<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/mr-trump-and-kenyas-macro/'>Mr. Trump and Kenya’s Macro<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-kenyas-tax-system-efficient-optimal-and-equitable/'>Is Kenya&#8217;s Tax System Efficient, Optimal, and Equitable?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/gen-z-collective-action-on-taxation-and-economic-policy/'>Gen Z Collective Action on Taxation and Economic Policy.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/two-immediate-monetary-framework-imperatives-for-mr-mbadi/'>Two Immediate Monetary-Framework Imperatives for Mr. Mbadi<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/important-dates-and-citizen-concerns-during-budget-planning-phase-for-fiscal-year-2025-2026/'>Important dates and Citizen Concerns During Budget Planning Phase for Fiscal Year 2025/2026<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/adjusted-imf-program-demands-on-kenya/'>Adjusted IMF Program Demands on Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-does-the-nobel-prize-in-economics-2024-mean-for-constitution-implementation-in-kenya/'>What does the Nobel Prize in Economics 2024 mean for Constitution Implementation in Kenya?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/highlights-of-the-world-trade-report-2024/'>Highlights of The World Trade Report 2024.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-grounds-to-repeal-the-price-control-act-of-2011/'>The Grounds to Repeal the Price Control Act of 2011<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-is-kenyas-fiscal-consolidation-agenda-facing-failure/'>Why is Kenya’s Fiscal Consolidation Agenda Facing Failure?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-monetary-policy-too-tight/'>Is Monetary Policy Too Tight?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tax-101-misconceptions-on-the-withdrawal-of-the-finance-bill-and-its-implications-on-kenyas-appropriations/'>Tax 101: Misconceptions on the Withdrawal of the Finance Bill and Its Implications on Kenya&#8217;
639s Appropriations.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-constitutional-argument-on-why-fiscally-decentralized-resources-cannot-be-shared-based-on-population-alone/'>The Constitutional Argument on Why Fiscally Decentralized Resources Cannot Be Shared Based on Population Alone?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/constitutional-theory-of-public-goods-a-perspective-on-constitution-of-kenya-2010/'>Constitutional Theory of Public Goods: A Perspective on  Constitution of Kenya 2010. <option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/empowering-women-the-envisioned-approach-in-the-2024-25-national-program-based-budget-estimates/'>Empowering Women: The Envisioned Approach in the 2024/25 National Program-Based Budget Estimates<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/commercial-shipping-and-seabourne-trade-policy-handbook-the-red-sea-crisis/'>Commercial Shipping and Seabourne Trade Policy Handbook: The Red Sea Crisis<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/finance-bill-2024-landscape-kenyas-alcoholic-industry/'>Finance Bill 2024 Landscape: Kenya’s Alcoholic Industry<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-fast-lane-costs-more-than-projected-using-demand-analysis-to-reveal-impacts-of-the-rise-in-nairobi-expressway-toll-fees-using-demand-concepts/'>The Rise in Nairobi Expressway Toll Fees: The Fast Lane Costs More than Projected.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/key-political-economy-issues-of-kenyas-taxation-system/'>Key Political Economy Issues of Kenya’s Taxation System<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/court-adjournments-and-case-burdens-and-the-implications-for-access-to-justice/'>Court adjournments and case burdens, and the implications for access to justice<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/potential-benefits-and-risks-of-inter-sacco-lending-rate/'>Potential Benefits and Risks of Inter-Sacco Lending Rate<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/increasing-enrolment-in-kenyas-social-health-insurance-how-best-it-can-be-done/'>Increasing Enrolment in Kenya’s Social Health Insurance: How Best It Can Be Done<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/double-taxation-agreements-how-they-work/'>Double Taxation Agreements: How they Work<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/courts-as-monopolies-what-does-it-mean-for-access-to-justice/'>Courts as Monopolies: What Does It Mean for Access to Justice?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-importance-of-timely-implementing-public-policies-the-case-of-nssf-act/'>The Importance of Timely Implementing Public Policies: The Case of NSSF Act<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/data-privacy-and-protection-for-smes-in-kenya/'>Data Privacy and Protection for SMEs in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/reoffending-in-kenyas-prisons/'>Reoffending in Kenya’s Prisons<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/significant-political-economy-issues-from-the-2023-wto-public-forum/'>Significant Political Economy Issues from the 2023 WTO Public Forum<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/nssf-act-2013-third-schedule-ambiguity-interpretation-challenges-and-implications-for-implementation/'>NSSF Act 2013, Third Schedule: Ambiguity, Interpretation Challenges and Implications for Implementation<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-kenya-kwanza-administrations-push-for-higher-taxes-misguided-or-a-masterstroke/'>Is Kenya Kwanza Administration’s Push for Higher Taxes Misguided or a Masterstroke?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/number-of-the-week-case-resolution-in-judiciary/'>Number of the Week: Case Resolution in Judiciary<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/did-the-competition-authority-find-a-vicious-cartel-in-kenya/'>Did the Competition Authority Find a Vicious Cartel in Kenya?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/economic-freedom-and-taxation-a-kenyan-perspective/'>Economic Freedom and Taxation: A Kenyan Perspective<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/reducing-child-mortality-in-kenya-is-both-urgent-and-possible/'>Reducing Child Mortality in Kenya is both Urgent and Possible<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-far-is-kenya-from-being-a-singapore-for-africa/'>How Far is Kenya from Being a Singapore for Africa?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/agoa-and-epz-boosting-kenyas-export-oriented-industrial-sector/'>AGOA and EPZ: Boosting Kenya’s Export-Oriented Industrial Sector<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/restating-the-case-for-privatization-of-soes-in-kenya-today/'>Restating the Case for Privatization of SOEs in Kenya Today<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/economics-of-court-automation-in-kenya/'>Economics of Court Automation in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/strengthening-parliamentary-committees-roles-in-kenyas-appropriation-
639process/'>Strengthening Parliamentary Committees&#8217; Roles in Kenya&#8217;s Appropriation Process <option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/market-instruments-will-be-an-effective-solution-to-water-provision-in-kenya/'>Market Instruments will be an Effective Solution to Water Provision in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/malaria-undermines-economic-growth-and-makes-house-holds-poorer/'>Malaria Undermines Economic Growth and Traps House-holds in a Cycle of Poverty<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/does-moodys-downgrade-of-kenyas-debt-rating-matter/'>Does Moody’s Downgrade of Kenya’s Debt Rating Matter?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/economics-of-climate-change-in-kenya-evidence-from-sectoral-studies/'>Economics of Climate Change in Kenya: Evidence from Sectoral Studies<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/exploring-the-institutional-constraints-and-political-incentives-a-problem-driven-political-economy-analysis-of-resource-allocations-to-kenyas-judiciary/'>Exploring the Institutional Constraints and Political Incentives: A Problem-Driven Political Economy Analysis of Resource Allocations to Kenya&#8217;s Judiciary<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-reality-and-consequences-of-kenyas-public-debt-burden/'>The Reality and Consequences of Kenya’s Public Debt Burden<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/investigating-a-more-efficient-and-affordable-mechanism-for-distributing-food-subsidies-in-kenya/'>Investigating a More Efficient and Affordable Mechanism for Distributing Food Subsidies in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-us-kenya-trade-negotiations-which-way-for-kenya/'>The US-Kenya Trade Negotiations: Which Way for Kenya?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/illegal-immigrants-into-africa-provides-reasons-for-proper-global-conversation/'>Illegal Immigrants into Africa Provides Reasons for Proper Global Conversation  <option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/property-rights-and-state-overreach-lessons-from-the-china-mall-square-controversy/'>Property Rights and State Overreach: Lessons from the China Mall Square Controversy<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-pros-and-cons-of-the-upwards-adjustment-of-university-tuition-fees/'>The Pros and Cons of the Upwards Adjustment of University Tuition Fees<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-is-the-state-of-the-global-trade-integrated-circuits-controllers-and-processors-part-2/'>What is the State of the Global Trade Integrated Circuits: Controllers and Processors? 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639How China Escaped The Poverty Trap (Part 6)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-china-escaped-poverty-trap-lessons-for-kenya-part-5/'>How China Escaped Poverty Trap: Lessons for Kenya (Part 5)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-china-escaped-the-poverty-trap-a-blog-series-part-4/'>How China Escaped The Poverty Trap: A Blog Series (Part 4)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-china-escaped-the-poverty-trap-a-blog-series-part-3/'>How China Escaped The Poverty Trap: A Blog Series (Part 3)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-china-escaped-the-poverty-trap-a-blog-series-2/'>How China Escaped The Poverty Trap: A Blog Series<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-china-escaped-the-poverty-trap-a-blog-series/'>How China Escaped The Poverty Trap: A Blog Series<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/womens-economic-empowerment-and-fiscal-policy-a-note-for-kenyas-13th-parliament/'>Women&#8217;s Economic Empowerment and Fiscal Policy: A Note for Kenya&#8217;s 13Th Parliament<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/implementation-considerations-for-kenyas-fuel-subsidy-reform/'>Implementation Considerations for Kenya’s Fuel Subsidy Reform<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-pros-and-cons-of-the-ksh-3500-fertilizer-subsidy/'>The Pros and Cons of the Ksh 3500 Fertilizer Subsidy<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-do-ideas-matter-in-the-management-of-economic-policy-in-kenya/'>Why Do Ideas Matter in the Management of Economic Policy in Kenya?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/promoting-gender-equality-in-free-trade-agreements/'>Promoting Gender Equality in Free Trade Agreements<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-unintended-consequences-of-kenyas-policy-against-substitutes-for-breast-milk/'>The Unintended Consequences of Kenya’s Policy Against Substitutes for Breast Milk<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-central-bank-of-kenya-attempt-to-control-the-exchange-rate-wont-work/'>Why Central Bank of Kenya Attempt to Control the Exchange Rate won’t work<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/foreign-aid-and-the-challenges-in-kenya/'>Foreign aid and the challenges in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/are-the-interests-of-the-counties-being-protected-in-the-fiscal-policy-process-without-the-senates-input/'>Are the interests of the counties being protected in the fiscal policy process without the Senate&#8217;s input?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/making-kenyas-economic-policymakers-accountable/'>Making Kenya&#8217;s Economic Policymakers Accountable<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/shit-in-a-pit-and-from-a-pit-to-product/'>Shit in a Pit and from a Pit to Product<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-readiness-in-uptake-of-artificial-intelligence-ai/'>Kenya’s Readiness in Uptake of Artificial Intelligence (AI)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-economists-oppose-infant-industry/'>Infant Industry Argument?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/expanding-provision-of-public-goods-economic-data/'>Expanding Provision of Public Goods: Economic Data<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/policy-reforms-on-process-of-varying-national-tax-code-making-the-submission-and-consideration-of-the-finance-bill-conditional/'>Policy Reforms on Process of Varying National Tax Code: Making The Submission and Consideration of The Finance Bill Conditional.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/court-filings-and-court-judgements-delivery-of-justice-without-undue-procedural-technicalities/'>Court Filings and Court Judgements: Delivery of Justice without Undue Procedural Technicalities<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tracking-international-labour-organization-candidate-greg-vines/'>Tracking International Labour Organization &#8211; Candidate Greg Vines<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tracking-international-labour-organization-candidate-mthunzi-mdwaba/'>Tracking International Labour Organization- Candidate Mthunzi Mdwaba<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tracking-international-labour-organization-france-candidate/'>Tracking International Labour Organization: France Candidate<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-clamour-for-a-reduction-in-food-prices-in-kenya-is-really-about-size-of-government/'>The Clamour for A Reduction in Food Prices in Kenya is Really About Size of Government<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-constitutional-right-of-consumer-protection-in-kenya/'>The Constitutional Right of Consumer Protection in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-kenyas-higher-education-funding-model-locking-out-some-learners/'>Is Kenya’s Higher Education Funding Model Locking Out Some Learners?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-four-governance-issues-for-effective-judicial-service-commission-and-judiciary/'>The Four Governance Issues for Effective Judicial Service Commission and  Judiciary<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tracking-international-labour-organization/'>Tracking International Labour Organization<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-public-debt-distress-issues-and-scenarios/'>Kenya’s Public Debt Distress: Issues and Scenarios<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/should-kenya-join-oecds-two-pillar-solution-for-harmful-tax-policies/'>Should Kenya Join OECD’s Two-Pillar Solution for Harmful Tax Policies?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/effect-of-covid-19-on-learning-in-the-united-states-of-america/'>Effect of Covid-19 on Learning in the United States of America<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/effect-of-covid-19-on-learning-in-uganda/'>Effect of Covid-19 on Learning in Uganda<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/covid-19-and-well-being-in-the-united-kingdom/'>Covid-19 and well being in the United Kingdom<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/effect-of-covid-19-on-learning-in-kenya/'>Effect of Covid-19 on Learning in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/effect-of-covid-19-on-learning-in-nigeria/'>Effect of Covid-19 on learning in Nigeria<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/education-in-germany-effect-of-covid-19-on-the-german-education-system/'>Effect of Covid-19 on the German education system<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-education-in-kenya/'>The Impact of Covid-19 on Education in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/rule-of-law-and-economic-freedoms-as-the-key-to-improve-national-welfare/'>Rule of Law and Economic Freedoms as the Key to Improve National Welfare<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/can-people-afford-to-pay-out-of-pocket-for-health-care-in-kenya/'>Can People Afford to Pay Out of Pocket for Health Care in Kenya?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-market-dynamics-of-corruption-in-kenya/'>The Market Dynamics of Corruption in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/tracking-kenyas-economic-and-institutional-performance/'>Tracking Kenya’s Economic and Institutional Performance<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/demonetization-gets-rid-of-black-money-is-a-fallacy/'>Demonetization Gets Rid of Black Money is a Fallacy<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-delusion-that-was-and-is-covid-19-measures-in-the-matatu-sector/'>The Delusion That Was and Is COVID 19 Measures in the Matatu Sector<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-education-technology-the-great-equalizer-lessons-from-kenya/'>Is Education Technology the great equalizer? Lessons from Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/are-matatus-the-main-cause-of-traffic-congestion-in-kenya/'>Are Matatus the main Cause of Traffic Congestion in Kenya?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-case-for-more-women-in-kenyas-supreme-court/'>The Case for More Women in Kenya’s Supreme Court<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/evaluating-kenyas-tax-law-changes-on-paye-in-january-2021/'>Evaluating Kenya’s Tax Law Changes on PAYE in January 2021<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-complexity-in-international-trade-and-the-global-supply-chain-undermines-the-argument-for-self-sufficiency/'>How Complexity in International Trade and the Global Supply Chain Undermines the Argument for Self Sufficiency<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/improving-the-efficiency-of-committees-in-kenyas-parliament-the-case-of-national-assembly/'>Improving the Efficiency of Committees in Kenya’s Parliament: The Case of National Assembly<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-role-can-the-private-sector-in-kenya-play-in-hastening-attainment-of-herd-immunity/'>What Role Can the Private Sector in Kenya Play in Hastening Attainment of Herd Immunity?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/compliance-of-two-thirds-gender-principle-an-assessment-of-kenyas-judiciary/'>Compliance of Two-Thirds Gender Principle: An Assessment of Kenya’s Judiciary<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/call-for-participation-in-pre-budget-forums-pointers-to-note/'>Call for Participation in Pre- Budget Forums: Pointers to Note<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/application-of-competition-law-in-kenyas-public-sector-the-case-of-kenyan-health-sector/'>Application of Competition Law in Kenya’s Public Sector: The Case of Kenyan Health Sector<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-fallacy-of-a-vaccine-as-a-public-good/'>The Fallacy of a Vaccine as a Public Good<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/neglected-social-justice-principles-in-kenyas-constitution/'>Neglected Social Justice Principles in Kenya’s Constitution.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-viability-of-turkana-oil/'>The Viability of Turkana Oil<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-the-corona-virus-numbers-reveal/'>What the corona virus numbers reveal?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/access-to-water-and-its-role-in-the-fight-against-the-spread-of-covid-19/'>Access to Water and It’s Role In The Fight Against The Spread Of Covid-19<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/collective-failure-in-management-of-public-resources-analysis-of-kenyas-covid-19-public-procurement-breaches/'>
639Collective Failure in Management of Public Resources: Analysis of Kenya’s COVID-19 Public Procurement Breaches<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-the-kenyan-economy/'>The Impact of Covid-19 on The Kenyan Economy<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-2019-nobel-prize-in-economic-sciences-and-the-hype-of-rcts/'>The 2019 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences and the Hype of RCTs<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-world-health-organisation-budget-figures-for-financial-periods-2018-2019-2020-2021/'>The World Health Organisation Budget Figures for Financial Periods 2018-2019 &#038; 2020-2021<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-economics-of-tax-laws-should-newly-designed-tax-measures-have-conformed-to/'>What Economics of Tax Laws should newly designed tax measures have conformed to?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/covid-19-pandemic-might-decelerate-efforts-to-attain-universal-health-coverage-by-2022/'>Covid-19 Pandemic Might Decelerate Efforts to attain Universal Health Coverage by 2022<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-availability-of-masks-amid-covid-19-pandemic/'>The Availability of Masks Amid COVID-19 Pandemic<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/disruption-of-covid-19-on-the-education-system-and-learners-in-kenya/'>Disruption of Covid-19 on the Education System and Learners in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/two-covid19-lessons-that-were-long-overdue-to-kenyas-justice-sector/'>Two COVID-19 Lessons that were long Overdue to Kenya’s Justice Sector<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/covid-19-could-the-fear-of-infection-from-bank-notes-hasten-the-replacement-of-cash-with-digital-transactions/'>COVID-19: Could the fear of infection from bank notes hasten the replacement of cash with digital transactions?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/efficient-allocation-of-resources-across-counties-based-on-population-at-risk-and-health-care-capacity-is-key-in-response-to-covid-19-pandemic/'>Efficient Allocation of Resources across Counties based on Population at Risk and Health Care Capacity is key in response to COVID-19 pandemic<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/assessment-of-kenyas-preparedness-for-the-covid-19-emergency/'>Assessment of Kenya’s Preparedness for The COVID-19 Emergency<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/gender-inequality-in-kenya-through-the-gii-lens/'>Gender Inequality in Kenya through the GII Lens<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/four-policy-moves-government-must-avoid-during-the-covid-19-emergency-in-kenya/'>Four Policy Moves Government Must avoid during the COVID-19 Emergency in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-is-at-stake-with-no-substantive-auditor-general-in-place/'>What is at Stake with no Substantive Auditor General in Place?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/economics-of-wildlife-conservation-case-example-of-kenya-rangelands/'>Economics of Wildlife Conservation: Case Example of Kenya Rangelands<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-missing-market-
639of-crop-insurance-in-kenya/'>The Missing Market of Crop Insurance in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/state-of-the-unclaimed-financial-assets-in-kenya/'>State of the Unclaimed Financial Assets in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/illicit-trade-in-kenya-efforts-towards-curbing-the-vice/'>Illicit Trade in Kenya: Efforts Towards Curbing the Vice<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-growth-in-exports-should-be-a-cause-for-concern-for-policy-makers/'>Why Growth in Exports Should Be a Cause for Concern for Policy Makers<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyan-government-fails-to-budget-for-blood-transfusion-services-in-2020/'>Kenyan Government Fails to Budget for Blood Transfusion Services in 2020.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-economic-costs-of-ignoring-early-warnings-of-the-locust-invasion/'>The economic costs of ignoring early warnings of the locust invasion<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/judiciary-funding-problems-correlate-with-its-efficiency-questions/'>Judiciary Funding Problems Correlate with its Efficiency Questions<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/application-of-competition-law-in-kenyas-public-sector-the-case-of-kenyan-health-sector-2/'>Application of Competition Law in Kenya’s Public Sector: The Case of Kenyan Health Sector<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/trade-policy-review-east-african-community-eac/'>Trade Policy Review – East African Community (EAC)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/newspaper-readership-is-not-declining-the-landscape-is-changing/'>Newspaper Readership is not Declining, The Landscape is Changing<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/road-map-towards-universal-health-coverage-uhc-in-kenya-what-is-the-state-of-play-from-a-health-financing-perspective/'>Road map towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Kenya: What is the state of play from a health financing perspective?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/overly-ambitious-four-months-extension-to-conclude-economic-partnership-agreements-epas-between-the-east-african-community-eac-and-the-european-union-eu/'>Overly Ambitious Four Months Extension to Conclude Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAS) between the East African Community (EAC) and the European Union (EU)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/motivation-policy-considerations-in-adopting-irrigation-management-transfer-part-two/'>Motivation &#038; Policy Considerations in adopting Irrigation Management Transfer (Part Two)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-africa-continental-free-trade-area-afcfta/'>The Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/improving-efficiency-and-productivity-of-kenyas-irrigation-schemes-by-adopting-irrigation-management-transfer-imt-part-one/'>Improving Efficiency and Productivity of Kenya’s Irrigation Schemes by Adopting Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) Part One<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/plot-mafuta-mafuta-matters-land/'>Plot ‘Mafuta Mafuta’: Matters Land<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/shit-happens-lets-talk-about-it/'>Shit happens! let’s talk about it<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/utilizing-the-public-finance-management-act-2012-in-tackling-public-entities-receiving-disclaimer-of-opinion/'>Utilizing The Public Finance Management Act 2012 in tackling Public entities receiving disclaimer of opinion<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/lesson-for-the-big-four-housing-agenda-in-kenya/'>Lesson for the Big Four Housing Agenda in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/results-from-the-19th-ordinary-summit-of-heads-of-state-of-the-east-african-community-and-opportunities-for-kenya/'>Results from the 19th Ordinary Summit of Heads of State of the East African Community and Opportunities for Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-european-union-east-africa-community-trade-agreement-epas-hard-sell/'>The European Union – East Africa Community Trade Agreement: EPA’s Hard Sell<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-cfta-and-opportunities-for-kenya/'>The CFTA and Opportunities for Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/foster-government-and-insurance-industry-relationship-to-counter-the-effects-of-natural-disasters/'>Foster Government and Insurance Industry Relationship to Counter the Effects of Natural Disasters<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/misalignment-of-risk-management-strategies-in-kenya/'>Misalignment of Risk management Strategies in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/11th-ministerial-meeting-of-the-world-trade-organization-outcome-challenges-and-way-forward/'>11th Ministerial Meeting of the World Trade Organization: Outcome, Challenges and Way Forward<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/food-affordability-is-a-bigger-threat-to-food-insecurity-in-kenya-compared-to-food-availability/'>Food Affordability Is A Bigger Threat To Food Insecurity In Kenya Compared To Food Availability.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenya-and-food-security-part-2-100-food-security-in-5-years-an-immodest-goal-by-the-new-administration/'>Kenya and Food Security Part 2: 100% Food Security in 5 Years, an Immodest Goal by the New Administration<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/food-security-is-a-multidimensional-issue-and-deserves-a-central-place-in-national-development-plans/'>
639Food Security is a multidimensional issue and deserves a central place in national development plans.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/state-of-use-of-country-system-ucs-in-infrastructure-financing-in-kenya/'>State of Use of Country System (UCS) in Infrastructure Financing in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/education-sector-in-kenya/'>Education Sector in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-tti-supported-work-in-kenya-may-trigger-commitment-to-open-government-at-sub-national-level/'>How TTI Supported work in Kenya may Trigger Commitment to Open Government at Sub-national level?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-efforts-to-unlock-mobilization-of-local-revenue-collection-in-nairobi-are-critical-to-improved-service-delivery/'>Why Efforts to Unlock Mobilization of Local Revenue Collection in Nairobi are Critical to Improved Service Delivery?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-plastic-consumption-needs-to-be-addressed/'>Kenya’s plastic consumption needs to be addressed<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/liquor-laws-effect-on-womens-conviction/'>Liquor laws effect on Women’s conviction<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/unctad-14-from-decisions-to-actions/'>UNCTAD 14: From Decisions to Actions<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/lessons-the-eac-can-learn-from-brexit/'>Lessons the EAC can learn from Brexit<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-those-who-can-least-afford-betting-practice-it-the-most/'>Why those who can least afford betting practice it the most<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/is-it-time-to-shift-gears-from-8-4-4-to-2-6-6-3-education-system/'>Is it time to shift gears from 8-4-4 to 2-6-6-3 education system?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/bank-crises-causes-and-measures-to-safeguard-the-interests-of-depositors/'>Bank crises: Causes and measures to safeguard the interests of depositors<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kericho-malindi-by-elections-2016-analysis-using-benfords-law/'>Kericho, Malindi By &#8211; Elections 2016: Analysis using Benford&#8217;s Law<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/analysis-of-the-ugandan-general-elections-using-benford/'>Analysis of the Ugandan General Elections Using Benford<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/location-should-not-determine-quality-of-education/'>Location should not determine quality of education<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/dont-depend-on-the-government-for-jobs-be-innovative-youth-told/'>Don’t depend on the government for jobs, be innovative &#8211; youth told<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/imperial-bank-saga-shows-why-central-bank-should-encourage-whistle-blower/'>Imperial Bank Saga Shows Why Central Bank Should Encourage Whistle-Blower<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-right-incentives-can-encourage-public-servants-to-rethink-strikes/'>The right incentives can encourage public servants to rethink strikes<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/put-measures-to-end-extravagant-spending-by-county-governments/'>Put Measures to End Extravagant Spending by County Governments<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/youth-economic-dialogues-partnership-between-iea-kenya-and-alternatives-africa/'>Youth Economic Dialogues: Partnership between IEA Kenya and Alternatives Africa<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/let-us-learn-and-avoid-the-pitfalls-of-devolution/'>Let Us Learn and Avoid the Pitfalls of Devolution<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/do-you-know-what-has-been-allocated-funds-in-your-countys-budget/'>Do You Know What Has Been Allocated Funds in Your County’s Budget?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-elephant-conservation-policy-time-for-new-policy-tricks-and-trade-offs/'>Kenya’s Elephant Conservation Policy: Time for New Policy Tricks and Trade Offs<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/are-counties-getting-enough-money-public-forum-on-division-of-revenue-bill-2013/'>Are Counties Getting Enough Money?? Public Forum on Division of Revenue Bill 2013<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/vocational-education-and-training-key-lessons-for-kenya/'>Vocational Education and Training: Key Lessons for Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/nairobis-future-will-it-change-with-devolution-not-likely/'>Nairobi’s Future: Will it change with Devolution? Not likely.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/letter-to-the-governors/'>Letter to the Governors<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-fallacy-of-the-24-hour-economy/'>The Fallacy of The 24-Hour Economy<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/how-to-consolidate-and-improve-gains-in-budget-transparency/'>How to consolidate and improve gains in Budget transparency.<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-first-take-on-manifestos/'>The First Take on Manifestos<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/scenarios-for-the-future-role-the-youth-can-play/'>Scenarios For The Future: Role The Youth Can Play<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/iea-kenya-ranks-among-top-50-think-tanks-on-the-continent/'>IEA-Kenya Ranks Among Top 50 Think Tanks On The Continent<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenya-our-debt-expenditure-and-future-taxes/'>Kenya: Our Debt, Expenditure and Future Taxes<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/mps-award-themselves-hefty-severance-package/'>MPs Award Themselves Hefty Severance Package<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenya-airways-vs-its-retrenched-workers/'>Kenya Airways Vs Its Retrenched Workers<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/scenario-building-for-dummies/'>Scenario Building for Dummies<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/dealing-with-the-shortage-of-coins-in-kenya/'>Dealing With the Shortage of Coins in Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/thoughts-on-imfs-regional-economic-outlook-for-october-2012/'>Thoughts on IMF’s Regional Economic Outlook for October 2012<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/taxes-and-public-sector-pay-a-suggestion-about-the-mps-gratuity-award/'>Taxes and Public Sector Pay: A Suggestion about the MPs Gratuity Award<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/public-participation-under-kenyas-new-public-financial-management-law/'>Public Participation under Kenya’s New Public Financial Management Law<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/lessons-kenya-can-learn-from-the-us-presidential-debate/'>Lessons Kenya Can Learn From The US Presidential Debate<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/should-kenyan-economists-be-regulated/'>Should Kenyan Economists be Regulated?<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-youth-should-be-the-drivers-of-change/'>The Youth should be the drivers of change<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-role-of-the-youth-in-building-a-more-democratic-kenya/'>The Role of the Youth in Building a More Democratic Kenya<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/policies-implementation/'>Policies &#038; Implementation<option value='https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/4-lessons-from-nhif-and-missing-hospitals/'>4 Lessons from NHIF and Missing Hospitals									</select>
640										
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664	
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667        <div class="row">
668            <div class="col-md-12">
669					<h3></h3>
670
671					<div class="row">
672											
673						<!-- Begin Output Results -->
674			<div class="container">
675						<h3>327  Found </h3><br>
676						<div class='row'>										<!-- Heading -->
677											<div class="col-md-4">
678												<div class="overhead">To what extent is Kenya exposed to the USA Economic Outcast Sanctions on Iran?</div>
679											<a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/to-what-extent-is-kenya-exposed-to-the-usa-economic-outcast-sanctions-on-iran/">
680											  <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/to-what-extent-is-kenya-exposed-to-the-usa-economic-outcast-sanctions-on-iran/">
681						<section class="sub-bnr"  style="background-repeat: no-repeat; height: auto; min-height: 250px; background-size: cover; background-image: url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Untitled-design3.png);"></section></a>
682											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Wed, Sep 30, 2026 | 10:14 pm</i></font>
683											<!-- Para -->
684											<div class="myjustify"> 
685																										Kenya has benefited from its relations with the world. Multilateral, plurilateral or bilateral relationships with other countries has increased Kenyan firms and ...  <br><br>
686												</div>
687
688											<!-- Read More -->
689											<p align='right'><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/to-what-extent-is-kenya-exposed-to-the-usa-economic-outcast-sanctions-on-iran/" class="more-link"><button class="btn btn-success">READ MORE</button></a>
690
691											<div class="post-meta clearfix">
692											   <hr>
693											</div>
694												
695										</div>
696										
697																		<!-- Heading -->
698											<div class="col-md-4">
699												<div class="overhead">Kenya Has Been Here Before: Contingent Liabilities and the National Infrastru
699cture Fund Act</div>
700											<a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenya-has-been-here-before-contingent-liabilities-and-the-national-infrastructure-fund-act/">
701											  <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenya-has-been-here-before-contingent-liabilities-and-the-national-infrastructure-fund-act/">
702						<section class="sub-bnr"  style="background-repeat: no-repeat; height: auto; min-height: 250px; background-size: cover; background-image: url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Untitled-design-46.png);"></section></a>
703											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Tue, Sep 22, 2026 | 2:53 pm</i></font>
704											<!-- Para -->
705											<div class="myjustify"> 
706																										The National Infrastructure Fund Act (No. 4 of 2026) took effect on 25 March 2026 with a headline financing target: to raise ...  <br><br>
707												</div>
708
709											<!-- Read More -->
710											<p align='right'><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenya-has-been-here-before-contingent-liabilities-and-the-national-infrastructure-fund-act/" class="more-link"><button class="btn btn-success">READ MORE</button></a>
711
712											<div class="post-meta clearfix">
713											   <hr>
714											</div>
715												
716										</div>
717										
718																		<!-- Heading -->
719											<div class="col-md-4">
720												<div class="overhead">Kenya’s National Budget: A Matatu Ride Reflecting Fiscal Volatility and Structural Inefficiencies</div>
721											<a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-national-budget-a-matatu-ride-reflecting-fiscal-volatility-and-structural-inefficiencies/">
722											  <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-national-budget-a-matatu-ride-reflecting-fiscal-volatility-and-structural-inefficiencies/">
723						<section class="sub-bnr"  style="background-repeat: no-repeat; height: auto; min-height: 250px; background-size: cover; background-image: url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/240-by-250-5.png);"></section></a>
724											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Wed, Sep 2, 2026 | 10:35 am</i></font>
725											<!-- Para -->
726											<div class="myjustify"> 
727																										Introduction
728The matatu metaphor can be used to analytically frame Kenya’s budget as a system that is subject to binding constraints, evolving ...  <br><br>
729												</div>
730
731											<!-- Read More -->
732											<p align='right'><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-national-budget-a-matatu-ride-reflecting-fiscal-volatility-and-structural-inefficiencies/" class="more-link"><button class="btn btn-success">READ MORE</button></a>
733
734											<div class="post-meta clearfix">
735											   <hr>
736											</div>
737												
738										</div>
739										
740																		<!-- Heading -->
741											<div class="col-md-4">
742												<div class="overhead">NTSA Should Not Regulate Public Service Vehicle Fares</div>
743											<a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/ntsa-should-not-regulate-public-service-vehicle-fares/">
744											  <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/ntsa-should-not-regulate-public-service-vehicle-fares/">
745						<section class="sub-bnr"  style="background-repeat: no-repeat; height: auto; min-height: 250px; background-size: cover; background-image: url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Screenshot-2026-08-14-at-20.36.09.png);"></section></a>
746											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Fri, Aug 14, 2026 | 8:34 pm</i></font>
747											<!-- Para -->
748											<div class="myjustify"> 
749																										Introduction
750Imagine paying the same fare to travel at 6 a.m. as you would at 6 p.m., even though ...  <br><br>
751												</div>
752
753											<!-- Read More -->
754											<p align='right'><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/ntsa-should-not-regulate-public-service-vehicle-fares/" class="more-link"><button class="btn btn-success">READ MORE</button></a>
755
756											<div class="post-meta clearfix">
757											   <hr>
758											</div>
759												
760										</div>
761										
762																		<!-- Heading -->
763											<div class="col-md-4">
764												<div class="overhead">What Would It Mean for a Hypothetical Listing of Space X On Nairobi Stock Exchange?</div>
765											<a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-would-it-mean-for-a-hypothetical-listing-of-space-x-on-nairobi-stock-exchange/">
766											  <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-would-it-mean-for-a-hypothetical-listing-of-space-x-on-nairobi-stock-exchange/">
767						<section class="sub-bnr"  style="background-repeat: no-repeat; height: auto; min-height: 250px; background-size: cover; background-image: url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/magnific_nairobi-city-skyline-at-s_MBoBr4oDCm.png);"></section></a>
768											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Fri, Aug 14, 2026 | 7:56 pm</i></font>
769											<!-- Para -->
770											<div class="myjustify"> 
771																										Absurd hypotheticals are useful precisely because they stress-test a system until its constraints become visible. This note asks what would break first ...  <br><br>
772												</div>
773
774											<!-- Read More -->
775											<p align='right'><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/what-would-it-mean-for-a-hypothetical-listing-of-space-x-on-nairobi-stock-exchange/" class="more-link"><button class="btn btn-success">READ MORE</button></a>
776
777											<div class="post-meta clearfix">
778											   <hr>
779											</div>
780												
781										</div>
782										
783																		<!-- Heading -->
784											<div class="col-md-4">
785												<div class="overhead">The Arithmetic of Ambition: What Kenya&#8217;s First-World Dream Really Requires?</div>
786											<a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-arithmetic-of-ambition-what-kenyas-first-world-dream-really-requires/">
787											  <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-arithmetic-of-ambition-what-kenyas-first-world-dream-really-requires/">
788						<section class="sub-bnr"  style="background-repeat: no-repeat; height: auto; min-height: 250px; background-size: cover; background-image: url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Untitled-design-15.png);"></section></a>
789											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Thu, Aug 13, 2026 | 9:30 am</i></font>
790											<!-- Para -->
791											<div class="myjustify"> 
792																										Kenya’s proposed post-2030 Vision commits the country to high-income status “within a generation.” One positive issue that should be emulated is ...  <br><br>
793												</div>
794
795											<!-- Read More -->
796											<p align='right'><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/the-arithmetic-of-ambition-what-kenyas-first-world-dream-really-requires/" class="more-link"><button class="btn btn-success">READ MORE</button></a>
797
798											<div class="post-meta clearfix">
799											   <hr>
800											</div>
801												
802										</div>
803										
804																		<!-- Heading -->
805											<div class="col-md-4">
806												<div class="overhead">Kenya&#8217;s Debt: Borrow Today, Pay Tomorrow</div>
807											<a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-debt-borrow-today-pay-tomorrow/">
808											  <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-debt-borrow-today-pay-tomorrow/">
809						<section class="sub-bnr"  style="background-repeat: no-repeat; height: auto; min-height: 250px; background-size: cover; background-image: url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Winnies-blog.png);"></section></a>
810											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Tue, Aug 11, 2026 | 10:46 pm</i></font>
811											<!-- Para -->
812											<div class="myjustify"> 
813																										According to the Annual Debt Report 2024/25, as shown in Chart 1 below, Kenya today is such that for every one hundred ...  <br><br>
814												</div>
815
816											<!-- Read More -->
817											<p align='right'><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/kenyas-debt-borrow-today-pay-tomorrow/" class="more-link"><button class="btn btn-success">READ MORE</button></a>
818
819											<div class="post-meta clearfix">
820											   <hr>
821											</div>
822												
823										</div>
824										
825																		<!-- Heading -->
826											<div class="col-md-4">
827												<div class="overhead">Why Kenya should Reconsider price and wage Control Policies.</div>
828											<a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-kenya-should-reconsider-price-and-wage-control-policies/">
829											  <a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-kenya-should-reconsider-price-and-wage-control-policies/">
830						<section class="sub-bnr"  style="background-repeat: no-repeat; height: auto; min-height: 250px; background-size: cover; background-image: url(https://ieakenya.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/5963a6ce-27c9-48b8-a173-1650b44ebf08.png);"></section></a>
831											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Mon, Aug 3, 2026 | 9:37 am</i></font>
832											<!-- Para -->
833											<div class="myjustify"> 
834																										Price and wage control policy by governments is often justified from the thinking that unregulated market prices are unfair and the pursuit ...  <br><br>
835												</div>
836
837											<!-- Read More -->
838											<p align='right'><a href="https://ieakenya.or.ke/blog/why-kenya-should-reconsider-price-and-wage-control-policies/" class="more-link"><button class="btn btn-success">READ MORE</button></a>
839
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841											   <hr>
842											</div>
843												
844										</div>
845										
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848												<div class="overhead">How to Fulfil the Constitutional Promise for Free Primary Education Now</div>
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852											</a><br><font size="2" color="#000"><i>Fri, Jul 24, 2026 | 11:50 am</i></font>
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855																										The constitutional promise for free and compulsory basic education for all children in Kenya remains elusive 16 years after the promulgation of ...  <br><br>
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