1<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//NetScape Comm. Corp.//DTD HTML//EN"> 2<HTML> 3<HEAD> 4<TITLE>1st Cavalry Division - The OutPost</TITLE> 5<LINK REL="shortcut icon" HREF="http://www.first-team.us/favicon.ico" TYPE="image/x-icon"/> 6 7<META NAME="description" CONTENT="The history of the 1st Cavalry Division 8and its Subordinate Elements; Maneuver Units of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 1st 9Air Cavalry Combat Brigades; - the 1st, 4th, 5th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 12th 10Cavalry Regiments; - 1st and 2nd Battle Groups; - 58th and 227th Aviation 11Regiments: - Artillery, Engineer, Support, Separate Companies and Battalions 12Command Units; - 21st and 82nd Field Artillery Battalions; - 68th Chemical 13Company; - 8th, 20th, 91st Engineer Battalions; - 15th, 27th, 115th, 215th, 14515th, and 615th Support Battalions; - 5th Air Defense. 13th Signal and 312th 15MI Battalions; 545th MP Company; - Direct Support Command Units of the 9th Air 16Support Operations, 15th Finance Company, 15th Personnel Service Battalion; - 17Material Management Center; - 1st Cavalry Division Band, Horse Detachment and 18Museum which depicts the evolution of the horse soldier from the early days to 19the modern, highly trained, mission ready, assault and support forces of 20today."> 21 22<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Cavalry OutPost Publications, Military History 23of 1st Cavalry Division; - Order of Battle; - Fort Bliss; - World War II, 24Japan, Camp Drake; - Korean War, Hokkaido DMZ; - Fort Benning; - Vietnam War, 25Camp Radcliff, An Khe; - Fort Hood, Gulf War, Bosnia Peacekeepers; - Kuwait, 26Operation ENDURING FREEDOM, Operation IRAQI FREEDOM, Camp Victory, Baghdad and 27Iraq"> 28 29<META NAME="VW96.objecttype" CONTENT="Document"> 30<META NAME="ROBOTS" CONTENT="index, follow"> 31<META HTTP-EQUIV="Expires" CONTENT="-1"> 32<META HTTP-EQUIV="Pragma" CONTENT="no-cache"> 33<META HTTP-EQUIV="Window-target" CONTENT="_top"> 34 35<NOSCRIPT> 36<META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="00; URL=http://www.first-team.us/js_files/"> 37</NOSCRIPT> 38
39<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 40 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/js_files/urlguard.js"> 41</SCRIPT>
41 42
43<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 44 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/js_files/time_log.js"> 45</SCRIPT>
45 46
47<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 48 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/milmusic/cavmusic/cavtunes/tune_010/T_HC-Video-010.js"> 49</SCRIPT>
49 50 51<!--
52<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 53 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/js_files/banneret/1cd_cite/quotes.js"> 54</SCRIPT>
54 55--> 56
57<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 58 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/js_files/img_zoom.js"> 59</SCRIPT>
59 60
61<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 62 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/js_files/img_view.js"> 63</SCRIPT>
63 64
65<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 66 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/jwplayer.js"> 67</SCRIPT>
67 68 69</HEAD> 70 71<BODY BACKGROUND="1cd_bkgd.gif" BGCOLOR="AFFFFF" TEXT="000000" onLoad="startClock()";> 72 73<P> 74<CENTER> 75<STRONG> 76<IMG SRC="insignia.gif" WIDTH="150" HEIGHT="175" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" 77ALIGN="LEFT"> 78<IMG SRC="insignia.gif" WIDTH="150" HEIGHT="175" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" 79ALIGN="RIGHT"> 80 81 <H2>Cavalry OutPost ©<BR> 82 of the<BR> 83 1st Cavalry Division<BR> 84 and<BR> 85 Subordinate Commands</H2><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 86 87<P> 88<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 89<TR><TH><IMG SRC="http://www.first-team.us/milmusic/cavmusic/cavtunes/videocam.gif" 90 BORDER="0" WIDTH="45" HEIGHT="50" HSPACE="25"></TH> 91 <TH><BUTTON TYPE"button" STYLE="background-color:#AFFFFF; border-color:#FFD500; border-width:5px; color:#000000"; onClick = "Turn_On_Video()"> 92 <IMG SRC="http://www.first-team.us/milmusic/cavmusic/cavtunes/play.gif" WIDTH="40" HEIGHT="40"></BUTTON></TH> 93 94 <TH><FONT SIZE="5"> "Theme From Lyndon Johnson's Texas" </FONT></TH> 95 96 <TH><BUTTON TYPE"button" STYLE="background-color:#AFFFFF; border-color:#FFD500; border-width:5px; color:#000000"; onClick = "Turn_Off_Video()"> 97 <IMG SRC="http://www.first-team.us/milmusic/cavmusic/cavtunes/stop.gif" WIDTH="40" HEIGHT="40"></BUTTON></TH> 98 <TH><IMG SRC="http://www.first-team.us/milmusic/cavmusic/cavtunes/videocam.gif" 99 BORDER="0" WIDTH="45" HEIGHT="50" HSPACE="25"></TH></TR> 100<TR><TH COLSPAN="5"> 101 For those troopers who long for their "Texas Home"<BR> 102 Composed by Glrnn Paxton & Cindy Walker<BR> 103 1st Cavalry Division Band - Ft. Hood, TX.</TH></TR> 104</TABLE>
104</P> 105 106<P> 107<IMG SRC="1cdgreet.gif" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="90"> 108<FORM name="clock"> 109<TABLE BGCOLOR="AFFFFF" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="400" ALIGN="CENTER"> 110<TR><TH VALIGN="MIDDLE"> 111
111<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 112 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/cgi_perl/urltally/indexdat.js"> 113 </SCRIPT>
113</TH></TR> 114<TR><TH VALIGN="MIDDLE"> The Outpost Log indicates that you reported: <BR> 115 <B>Time: </B> <INPUT TYPE="text" STYLE="text-align: center" NAME="time" SIZE=9 VALUE=""> 116 <B>Date: </B> <INPUT TYPE="text" STYLE="text-align: center" NAME="date" SIZE=9 VALUE=""> </TH></TR> 117<TR><TD BGCOLOR="FFD500"> 118 <STYLE TYPE="text/css"> 119 <!-- 120 121 #overLay_contentBox { 122 position: absolute; 123 border: 0px solid #000000; 124 height: 0px; 125 background-color: #FFD500; 126 visibility: hidden; 127 overflow: hidden; 128 padding: 0px; 129 width: 100%; 130 } 131 132 #overLay_content { 133 position: relative; 134 font-family: ; 135 font-size: ; 136 padding: 0px; 137 width: 100%; 138 } 139 140 #overLay_slideDown { 141 position: relative; 142 width: 100%; 143 } 144 145 #tableCell_image { 146 position: absolute; 147 top: 2px; 148 Z-index: 1: 149 } 150 151 #tableCell_overLay { 152 position: relative; 153 top: 0px; 154 text-align: center; 155 font-weight: bold; 156 Z-index: 2: 157 } 158 159 --> 160 </STYLE> 161 162
162<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 163 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/js_files/slewgmap.js"> 164 </SCRIPT>
164 165 166
166<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 167 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/js_files/viewhide.js"> 168 </SCRIPT>
168 169 170 <DIV id="overLay_slideDown"> 171 <DIV id="overLay_control"> 172 <DIV id="tableCell_image"> 173 174 <A HREF="#" 175 onClick="slewGMap(); toggle('GeoMapIMG', 'GeoMap'); slidedown_showHide(); return false;"> 176 <IMG SRC="DnGeoMap.gif" NAME="GeoMapIMG" BORDER="0" WIDTH=100%" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="ABSMIDDLE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></A></DIV> 177 178 <DIV id="tableCell_overLay"> 179 <IMG SRC="finger-l.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="30" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="ABSMIDDLE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> 180 <I> Global Traffic </I> 181 <IMG SRC="finger-r.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="30" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="ABSMIDDLE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></DIV> 182 183 <DIV id="overLay_contentBox"> 184 <DIV id="overLay_content"> 185 186 <!-- Begin overLay slide down content --> 187 188 <TABLE BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 189 190 <TR><TH>
190<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript" 191 SRC="http://www.first-team.us/cgi_perl/axstally/geostats.js"> 192 </SCRIPT>
192</TH></TR> 193 194 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="000000" COLSPAN="3"> 195
195<SCRIPT TYPE="Text/JavaScript" src="http://ji.revolvermaps.com/p.js"></SCRIPT>
195 196
196<SCRIPT TYPE="Text/JavaScript">rm2d_ki101('5','370','185','8jusqckvniw','FFD500',0);</SCRIPT>
196</TH></TR> 197 198 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500" COLSPAN="3"><FONT SIZE="-1"><I> 199 Radiating Antenna Locations "OnLine" In Last 10 Minutes</FONT><BR> 200 Click On Global Traffic Image To Display Statistics<BR> 201 Thanks For Visiting The OutPost</I></TH></TR> 202 </TABLE> 203 204 <!--- End overLay slide down content ---> 205 206 </DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV> 207
207<SCRIPT TYPE="text/JavaScript"> 208 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 209 210 setSlideDownSpeed(3); // Set Slide Down Speed 211 212 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 213 </SCRIPT>
213</TD></TR> 214 215<TR><TD BGCOLOR="000000"><FONT COLOR="FFD500" SIZE="2"><B><I> 216 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 217 The Graphical Traffic of InterNet Provider (IP) Viewer Locations 218 displayed in the "drop down" menu above was prepared using statical 219 data gathered and provided by: <CENTER>Daniel Seifert, Developer of 220 Revolver Maps.com</CENTER></I></B></FONT></TD></TR> 221</TABLE> 222</FORM> 223<IMG SRC="kilroy.gif" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="28"></P> 224 225<HR> 226 227<P> 228</CENTER> 229<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 230<TR><TH><IMG SRC="1cd_pin.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="51" HEIGHT="45"></TH> 231 <TH><FONT SIZE="4"> The Outpost © <BR> 232 HomePage Of America's "First Team" </FONT></TH> 233 <TH><IMG SRC="1cd_pin.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="51" HEIGHT="45"></TH></TR> 234</TABLE> 235 236<P> 237<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 238<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-001.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 239<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>On The Trail To The Cavalry Outpost</I></TH></TR> 240</TABLE>
240</P> 241 242<P ALIGN="CENTER"> 243<IMG SRC="1cdintro.gif" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="90"></P> 244 245<P> 246<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 247<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"> 248Some of you old troopers may wonder why a new Internet GateWay Site was 249developed for the Cavalry OutPost ©, HomePage Of America's "First Team". 250As you read the history of many of the subordinate regiments of the 1st 251Cavalry Division, each grew out of the need for protection of the movements 252and property of settlers of the Frontier as it slowly ebbed its way West. 253 254<P> 255<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 256As the operating areas of each of the Regiments began to be focused and 257defined to the Southwest, Fort Bliss, TX began to play a more significant role 258in controlling the movements of these Regiments. In a timely manner, the Army 259established a permanent Cavalry Division Table of Organization & Equipment and 260activated and organized the 1st Cavalry Division (as one of two authorized 261Cavalry Divisions) at Fort Bliss, TX, and in the detailed organization, 262designated many of local Regiments as its subordinate Units.</P> 263 264<P> 265<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 266The information of this opening Chapter provides:<UL> 267 268 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 269 <LI>a background of the "western migration", 270 271 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 272 <LI>actions taken by the Army to provide protection of the settlers 273 moving west, 274 275 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 276 <LI>the long standing influence of the growth of Fort Bliss, TX on 277 the expansion of the Southwest, 278 279 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 280 <LI>the evolution and related history of the 1st Cavalry Division 281 until its World War II deployment to the Pacific Theater. 282 </UL><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 283 284<P> 285<FORM NAME="Img_Zoom"> 286<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 287<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 288 <TR><TH>
288<!-- CHANGE 300 to your image width, 230 to image height, and "myRoute" to your image's Name--> 289 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Expand " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 215, 'myWebSite', 'Expand', 13)" onMouseup="clearZoom()"> 290 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 291 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Normal " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 215, 'myWebSite', 'Normal', 13)"> 292 <!--<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 293 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Reduce " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 215, 'myWebSite', 'Reduce', 13)" onMouseup="clearZoom()">--> 294 </TH></TR> 295 <TR><TH><DIV STYLE="position:relative; width:200; height:215"> 296 <DIV STYLE="position:absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width:200; height:215"> 297 <IMG NAME="myWebSite" SRC="site_map.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="200" HEIGHT="215" ALT='Position cursor on selected function, "Click" and "Hold".'> 298 </DIV></DIV></TH></TR> 299 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Web_Site Map Instructions</I></TH></TR> 300 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 301</TABLE>
301 302</FORM> 303 304<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 305However, before browsing this website, it may be appropriate to view a map of 306the first two URLs of the WebSite that highlights the critical links of the 307various data bases so that your desired information of the 1st Cavalry 308Division and its subordinate units may be obtained in a minimum of your time 309and effort.</P> 310 311<P> 312<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 313To access the 4 ways to enter the WebSite Database (which are on the 2nd URL 314page). Expand the image to the left for improved viewability and follow the 315sequences described below:<UL> 316 317 <LI><IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 318 Read historical information contained on Ft. Bliss, Texas (the 319 organizational location of the 1st Cavalry Division and view its 320 early background development and current activities: or 321 322 <LI><IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 323 Scroll down the main URL (www.first-team.us) until an image of the 324 OutPost Fort comes into view. Double clicking on the image link 325 will direct your browser to the 2nd URL (The Scout's Prologue - 326 Organizational Legacy of the 1st Cavalry Division and Subordinate 327 Units.</UL></P> 328 329<P> 330<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 331In addition to additional historical data about the 1st Cavalry Division the 3322nd URL accommodates the branches that provide the separate links to enter the 333WebSite data information website stream.<OL> 334 335 <LI>Read and/or scroll down to the Table Listing of Active (Assigned) 336 Units of the Division. Select a Brigade Command or any of its 337 Subordinate Units. double clicking on the unit will direct your 338 browser to the specific organizational history of the unit 339 selected. Upon completion of that specific unit, a link (at the 340 end) entitled "1CD Organization" will return your browser to the 341 assigned Unit Listing Table. Or 342 343 <LI>Read and/or scroll down to the Table Listing of Legacy (Previously 344 Assigned and Deactivated) Commands and Subordinate Units. Selecting 345 a unit will replicate the viewing activity listed above. 346 347 <LI>The narrative history of the Division may be viewed by scrolling 348 directly to the Table Of Contents and double clicking on the 349 specific Chapter or Appendix of interest. The selection of the 350 first Chapter will continuously link all Chapters and the 351 Appendixes together. 352 353 <LI>A final and perhaps more specific data may researched by scrolling 354 to the "Scouts Out" website search engine and entering a "key" 355 search word or words of interest. The browser will list and link 356 all URLs containing the key word(s) -Thank You. </OL></P> 357 358<P ALIGN="CENTER"> 359<IMG SRC="manifest.gif" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="90"></P> 360 361<P> 362<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 363The time is the 1800s, the place of choice and Opportunity is the new western 364frontier, and the mood has turned to adventure and search of wealth. It had 365been several decades since the Unites States gained its independence, and 366during this time its geographical area has tripled. By the nature of its 367contagious landscape, the United States was destined to stretch from the 368Atlantic To The Pacific Oceans. As the Eastern portion of the country became 369more populated, the attention of many turned westward.</P> 370 371<P> 372<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 373The phrase <I>"Manifest Destiny"</I> was coined to describe the philosophy 374that the United States had a divine right to become a transcontinental nation. 375Most of the public was in favor of territorial expansion, though some 376politicians felt it contradicted the constitution. Strict constructionists 377were against territorial expansion, while loose constructionists felt 378expansion was the United States destiny. Strict constructionists centered 379their platform around the fact that the constitution never directly stated 380that the federal government had the right to acquire land. Those that view 381the constitution liberally, or loose constructionists, counter that stand by 382claiming the right of expansion falls under the implied powers of the 383government. The idea of <I>"Manifest Destiny"</I> split American politics more 384than any other factor up till the 1850's.</P> 385 386<P> 387<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" AL
387IGN="CENTER"> 388<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="1" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="739" ALIGN="CENTER"> 389 390 <TR BGCOLOR="FFD500"><TH COLSPAN="5"><FONT SIZE="5"> UNITED STATES TERRITORIAL EXPANSION, 1783 - 1917 </FONT></TH></TR> 391 392 <TR><TD><DIV STYLE="WIDTH: 741px; HEIGHT: 571px; OVERFLOW: AUTO;"> 393 394 <TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="1" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="717" ALIGN="CENTER"> 395 396 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TH COLSPAN="5"> 397 <IMG SRC="i_op-038.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="715"></TH></TR> 398 399 <TR BGCOLOR="FFD500" VALIGN="TOP"><TD COLSPAN="5" STYLE="CELLPADDING: 5px;"><B> 400 <CENTER>American Progress, John Gast (circa 1872)</I><BR> 401 402 </CENTER> 403 <STYLE TYPE="text/css"> 404 <!-- 405 .PADDING {PADDING: 0px 5px;} 406 .LEFT {FLOAT: LEFT;} .RIGHT {FLOAT: RIGHT;} 407 --> 408 </STYLE> 409 410 <DIV><DIV CLASS="PADDING" CLASS="LEFT"> 411 The painting, an allegorical representation of the western expansion, depicts 412 a personification of the United States, Columbia. leading American settlers 413 westward, stringing telegraph wire as she sweeps forward; she holds a school 414 textbook. The different stages of economic activity of the pioneers are 415 highlighted and, especially, the changing forms of transportation used to 416 achieve their objectives.</DIV> 417 <DIV CLASS="RIGHT">SCROLL DOWN HERE 418 <IMG SRC="arrow-r.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="30" HEIGHT="15"></DIV> 419 </DIV> </B></TD></TR> 420 421 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TH COLSPAN="5"> 422 423 <FORM NAME="Img_Zoom"> 424 <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 425 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"> 426 <!-- CHANGE 715 to your image width, 200 to image height, and "myGrafic" to your image's Name--> 427 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Expand " onMousedown="idGrafic(715, 483, 'myDestiny', 'Expand', 2)" onMouseup="clearZoom()"> 428 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 429 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Normal " onMousedown="idGrafic(715, 483, 'myDestiny', 'Normal', 2)"> 430 <!--<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 431 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Reduce " onMousedown="idGrafic(715, 483, 'myDestiny', 'Reduce', 2)" onMouseup="clearZoom()">--></TH></TR> 432 433 <TR><TH><DIV STYLE="position:relative; width:715; height:483"> 434 <DIV STYLE="position:absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width:715; height:483"> 435 <IMG NAME="myDestiny" SRC="i_op-039.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="715" HEIGHT="483" ALT='Position cursor on selected function, "Click" and "Hold".'> 436 </DIV></DIV></TH></TR> 437 438 </TABLE> 439 </FORM></TH></TR> 440 441 <TR BGCOLOR="FFD500" VALIGN="TOP"><TH COLSPAN="5"> 442 <I>Expansion Territories Undertaken Via Manifest Destiny Philosophy</I><BR> 443 444 </CENTER> 445 <STYLE TYPE="text/css"> 446 <!-- 447 .PADDING {PADDING: 0px 5px;} 448 .LEFT {FLOAT: LEFT;} .RIGHT {FLOAT: RIGHT;} 449 --> 450 </STYLE> 451 452 <DIV><DIV CLASS="PADDING" CLASS="LEFT"> 453 <DIV CLASS="RIGHT">SCROLL DOWN HERE 454 <IMG SRC="arrow-r.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="30" HEIGHT="15"></DIV> 455 </DIV> </B></TD></TR> 456 457 <TR BGCOLOR="000000"><TH WIDTH="150"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Land Area </TH> 458 <TH WIDTH= "45"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Year </TH> 459 <TH WIDTH="170"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Means Of Acquisition </TH> 460 <TH WIDTH= "90"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Cost </TH> 461 <TH WIDTH="260"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Impact / Significance </TH></TR> 462 463 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Original 13 Colonies And Land Extending To The Mississippi River. </B></TD> 464 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1783 </B></TH> 465 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Treaty Of Paris With England Concluding The Revolution War. </B></TD> 466 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 0 </B></TH> 467 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>US Gained The Trans - Appalachian Empire. 468 <LI>Led To The Recognition Of The Northwest Territories As US Lands By Passage Of The Northwest Ordinance In 1787.</UL></B></TD></TR> 469 470 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B>
470 Louisiana Territory. </B></TD> 471 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1803 </B></TH> 472 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Treaty with Napoleon Held In France. </B></TD> 473 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 15 Million </B></TH> 474 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>Doubled The Land Area Of The US. 475 <LI>The New Territory Gave The US Control Of The Mississippi River and The Port of New Orleans. 476 <LI>Lewis & Clark Explored The New Territory (1803 - 1806). 477 <LI>Eliminated France As A Threat To US Security. 478 <LI>Led To Conflicts Over Slavery In The New Territories.</UL> </B></TD></TR> 479 480 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Florida Territory. </B></TD> 481 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1819 </B></TH> 482 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Treaty Of Adams-Nois Held In Spain. </B></TD> 483 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 5 Million </B></TH> 484 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>Established The Sasbine River As The US Southern Boundary. 485 <LI>Established A Boundary Between New Spain And The Louisiana Territory. 486 <LI>Spain Recognized US Claims To The Oregon Territories. 487 <LI>US Surrendered Its Claims To Texas.</UL> </B></TD></TR> 488 489 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> British Cession. </B></TD> 490 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1818 </B></TH> 491 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Anglo-American Convention of 1818 </TD> 492 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 0 </B></TH> 493 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>US Secured Fishing Rights Along Newfoundland And Labrador. 494 <LI>
494Established The Boundary Between British North America (Canada) And The US.</UL></B></TD></TR> 495 496 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Texas Republic. </B></TD> 497 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1845 </B></TH> 498 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Annexation Of An Independent Republic. </TD> 499 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 0 </B></TH> 500 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>Texas Was Given The Right To Secede Fpm The Union In The Event Of A Civil War. 501 <LI>As A Condition Of Annexation, Texas Was Given The Right To Subdivide Into As Many As 5 States. 502 <LI>Texas Did Not Have To Surrender Any Public Lands To The US. 503 <LI>Admitted As The 28th State In 1845.</UL></B></TD> </TR> 504 505 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Oregon Country. </B></TD> 506 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1846 </B></TH> 507 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Treaty signed with England. </B></TD> 508 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 0 </B></TH> 509 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>Prevented War With England By Splitting The Oregon Territory At The 49th Parallel. 510 <LI>Gave US A Clear Claim To Land Bordering The Pacific Coast. 511 <LI>The Land Link Between The Atlantic And The Pacific Oceans Was Closed.</UL> </B></TD> 512 </TR> 513 514 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Mexican Cession. </B></TD> 515 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1848 </B></TH> 516 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Treaty Of Guadalupe - Hidalgo Signed At The End Of The Mexican Wars. </B></TD> 517 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 15 Million </B></TH> 518 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>US Acquired California And A Large Section Of Southwestern North America. 519 <LI>Acquisition Smothered The Drive For Manifest Destiny. 520 <LI>Led To Conflicts Over Slavery In The Newly Acquired Mexican Territory.</UL> </B></TD> 521 </TR> 522 523 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Gadsden Purchase. </B></TD> 524 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1853 </B></TH> 525 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Treaty Held With The Mexican Government. </B></TD> 526 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $10 Million </B></TH> 527 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>Purchased For A Southern Transcontinental Railroad Route Across US. 528 <LI>Instead, The Railroad Was Routed West Through The Central Plains.</UL> </B></TD> 529 </TR> 530 531 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Alaska Territory. </B></TD> 532 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1867 </B></TH> 533 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Negotiations With Russia. </B></TD> 534 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 7 Million </B></TH> 535 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>Land Mass Greater Than Twice The Size Of Texas. 536 <LI>Ultimate Financial Yield Of Natural Resources Far Greater Than The Original Purchase. 537 <LI>The Last "Open" US Frontier. 538 <LI>Admitted As The 49th State In 1959.</UL> </B></TD></TR> 539 540 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Hawaiian Islands. </B></TD> 541 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1898 </B></TH> 542 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Territory Annexed As A Military Base To Fight The Spanish </B></TD> 543 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 0 </B></TH> 544 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>Admitted As The 50th State In 1959.</UL> </B></TD> </TR> 545 546 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Puerto Rico. </B></TD> 547 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1898 </B></TH> 548 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Annexed Following the Spanish American War </B></TD> 549 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 0 </B></TH> 550 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>A Self Governing Commonwealth Of The US.</UL> </B></TD></TR> 551 552 <TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD WIDTH="150"><B> Virgin Islands </B></TD> 553 <TH WIDTH= "45"><B> 1917 </B></TH> 554 <TD WIDTH="170"><B> Purchased From Denmark </B></TD> 555 <TH WIDTH= "90"><B> $ 25 Million </B></TH> 556 <TD WIDTH="260"><B> <UL><LI>An Unincorporated Territory Of The US.</UL> </B></TD></TR> 557 558 <TR BGCOLOR="000000"><TH WIDTH="150"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Land Area </TH> 559 <TH WIDTH= "45"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Year </TH> 560 <TH WIDTH="170"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Means Of Acquisition </TH> 561 <TH WIDTH= "90"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Cost </TH> 562 <TH WIDTH="260"><FONT COLOR="FFD500"> Impact / Significance </TH></TR> 563 564 </TABLE> 565 </DIV></TD>
565</TR> 566 </TABLE></TH></TR> 567</TABLE></P> 568 569<P> 570<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 571Notwithstanding the growing contradictions to that end, the 1810s began a 572rapid territorial exploration and expansion that extended the domination of 573the United States into the far southern, western and northern regions of the 574North American continent. The most significant and noteworthy exploitations of 575these new areas was brought about by the establishment of a number of key, 576well traveled, overland routes. Some of the more notably famous were: 577<P><BR CLEAR="ALL"> 578 579 580<P> 581<FORM NAME="Img_Zoom"> 582<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 583<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 584 <TR><TH><!-- CHANGE 200 to your image width, 200 to image height, and "myGrafic" to your image's Name--> 585 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Expand " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 200, 'myTrails', 'Expand', 6)" onMouseup="clearZoom()"> 586 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 587 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Normal " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 200, 'myTrails', 'Normal', 6)"> 588 <!--<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 589 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Reduce " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 200, 'myTrails', 'Reduce', 6)" onMouseup="clearZoom()">--> 590 </TH></TR> 591 <TR><TH><DIV STYLE="position:relative; width:200; height:200"> 592 <DIV STYLE="position:absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width:200; height:200"> 593 <IMG NAME="myTrails" SRC="i_op-040.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="200" HEIGHT="200" ALT='Position cursor on selected function, "Click" and "Hold".'> 594 </DIV></DIV></TH></TR> 595 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>"Manifest Destiny" Trails</I></TH></TR> 596 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 597</TABLE>
597 598</FORM> 599 600<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"><UL> 601 <LI>Old Spanish Trail - Santa Fe, New Mexico Territory to Los Angeles, 602 California. 603 604 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 605 <LI>Santa Fe Trail - Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico 606 Territory. 607 608 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 609 <LI>Oregon Trail - Independence, Missouri to the Oregon Territory. 610 611 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 612 <LI>Mormon Trail - Nauvoo, Illinois to Salt Lake City, Utah Territory. 613 614 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 615 <LI>California Trail - Fort Hall, Oregon Territory to Sacramento, 616 California. 617 618 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 619 <LI>The Pony Express Mail Route - St. Joseph, Missouri passing through 620 territories of the present states of Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, 621 Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, and ending at Sacramento, 622 California, was 1840 miles in length. 623 624 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 625 <LI>Butterfield Overland Mail Route - a stagecoach route, operating 626 from 1857 to 1861 was a conduit for passengers and US mail from 627 two eastern terminals, Memphis, Tennessee and St. Louis, Missouri. 628 The routes from each terminal met at Fort Smith, Arkansas and then 629 continued through Indian Territory, Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, 630 ending at San Francisco, California. 631 632 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 633 <LI>El Camino Real - the ancient road in use for three hundred years 634 (1585 - 1885) connected Mexico City, Mexico with Santa Fe, San 635 Diego and San Francisco in the New Spain territories. 636 637 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 638 <LI>Southern Emigrant Trail - Mesilla, New Mexico Territory to Los 639 Angeles, California.</UL></P> 640 641<P> 642<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 643As a result of the perceived "Manifest Destiny", existence of these routes 644gave proof to the declaration, "<I>build it and they will come !</I>". As more 645and more emigrants and their wagon trains loaded with their worldly 646belongings, rolling west, were being stalked and attacked by Indians the need 647for control by the United States into the far reaches of a largely unsettled, 648hostile territory became necessary.</P> 649 650<P> 651<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 652The Army, having the charter to explore the large areas of land masses and 653protect the growing number of people who moved into the new territories, 654established a number of military posts at strategic locations along the 655emigration trails throughout the Southwest, West and Northwest regions. These 656"frontier outposts" were staffed with a fast, mobile and high spirited 657striking force of cavalry troops to provide protection along the arteries of 658emigration and commerce. The operation of these territorial missions in the 6591800s and early 1900s, began the long enduring sharpening of the tactical 660skills of the independent, highly maneuverable cavalry regiments of 661today.</P> 662 663<P> 664<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 665By the 1830's it had become apparent that the rapidly expanding frontier 666demanded highly mobile troops capable of tracking down and pursuing the 667Indians beyond their usual haunts to cover the vast expanses of the American 668West. The roots of the 1st Cavalry Division are found in an answer to those 669who advocated a mounted military force for speed and mobility, yet trained and 670properly equipped to fight dismounted as well as mounted. The <I>US Regiment 671of Dragoons</I> was regionally organized covering a wide segment of the 672country, as follows:<UL> 673 674 <LI>Headquarters - Jefferson Barracks, Missouri: 04 March, 1833. 675 676 <LI>"A" Troop - Nashville, Tennessee: 12 August, 1833. 677 678 <LI>"B" Troop - Sacketts Harbor, New York: 29 July, 1833. 679 680 <LI>"C" Troop - Louisville, Kentucky: June, 1833. 681 682 <LI>"D" Troop - Cincinnati, Ohio: 25 June. 1833. 683 684 <LI>"E" Troop - New York, New York: 29 June, 1833. 685 686 <LI>"F" Troop - Jefferson Barracks: 05 December, 1833 687 688 <LI>"G" Troop - Jefferson Barracks: 16 January, 1834. 689 690 <LI>"H" Troop - Jefferson Barracks: 02 March, 1834.</UL></P> 691 692<P>
693<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 694<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 695 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-041.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="300"></TH></TR> 696 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>US Regiment of Dragoons</I></TH></TR> 697 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 698</TABLE> 699 700<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 701In the field, enlisted men wore dark-blue wool fatigue jackets trimmed with 702yellow worsted tape around the collar, cuffs and shoulder straps. Officers 703generally retained their dress coats with two rows of brass buttons and gold 704or yellow epaulets to indicate rank; noncommissioned officers wore yellow 705sleeve chevrons. Trousers were sky blue, with a single yellow leg stripe for 706enlisted men and a double stripe for officers and NCOs. Off the parade ground, 707headgear consisted of the ubiquitous dark-blue round forage cap with its small 708black leather visor and chin strap. The cap of the officers might sport large 709brass stars or such other devices that caught their fancy.</P> 710 711<P> 712<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 713When the US Regiment of Dragoons were organized, the Western Department of the 714Army (Army of the West) protected the perimeter of the western frontier, a 715line stretching from Fort Snelling, Minnesota, in the north, to Fort Gibson, 716Arkansas Territory, in the south. In October 1833, the five companies first 717organized were sent under Colonel Dodge to winter in the vicinity of Fort 718Gibson which had been established 1824 in Indian Territory by Colonel Matthew 719Arbuckle. They remained there until June 1834.</P> 720 721<P> 722<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 723At headquarters, Colonel Henry Dodge and Lt. Colonel Steven Watts Kearny 724mapped the campaign that lay ahead. In the summer of 1834, their first western 725expedition, the first official contact between the American government and the 726Plains Indians. was charged with impressing the restless Pawnee, Kiowa and 727Comanche Indian Tribes of their presence and force. The US Dragoon Regiment 728left Fort Gibson, Oklahoma, on 20 June, 1834. On 25 June, they joined with the 729forces of General Henry Leavenworth, Commander of the Western Department of 730the Army, for a two month exploration and survey of the western plains.</P> 731 732<P> 733<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 734On 03 September 1834, Lt. Colonel Kearny, accompanied by three companies of 735Dragoons totaling 113 men, left Fort Gibson, Oklahoma to establish and occupy 736a new army post, Fort Des Moines No. 1, located at the mouth of the Des Moines 737River (near present day Montrose, Iowa), which would protect travelers from 738Indian encroachment, opening the new frontier territory for settlement. Such a 739post, located in the upper Mississippi country, would also minimize open 740warfare between the powerful Sioux, Chippewa and Sac Indian Tribes. In 741subsequent explorations, lead by Lt. Colonel Kearny, the Dragoons would select 742and recommended additional sites for two future military posts in the nearby 743frontier areas, Fort Dodge and Fort Des Moines No. 2, which would eventually 744become the cities of Fort Dodge and Des Moines, Iowa.</P> 745 746<P> 747<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 748On 29 May 1835, Colonel Henry Dodge and the US Regiment of Dragoons went on a 749second western exploration from Fort Leavenworth, Kansas to the Rocky 750Mountains. He traveled north, along the west bank of the Missouri River, to 751the mouth of the Platte River. Moving in a western direction, he followed the 752Platte River to its source in Colorado and went south to the head-waters of 753the Arkansas River (near present day Leadville, Colorado) and returned to the 754Kansas Plains down its valley.</P> 755 756<P> 757<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 758In 1836, with the successes of the First Regiment Of Dragoons in penetrating 759and mapping areas of the "New Frontier", quickly - additional cavalry units 760were placed in service as the Second Regiment of Dragoons was organized and 761the original United States Regiment of Dragoons was redesignated as the First 762Regiment Of Dragoons. In 1846 the Regiment Of Mounted Riflemen was organized, 763followed by the organization of the 1st and 2nd Cavalry Regiments in 1855.</P> 764 765<P ALIGN="CENTER"> 766<IMG SRC="mex_cess.gif" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="90"></P> 767 768<P>
769<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 770<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 771 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="ft_bliss.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="200" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 772 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Ft. Bliss, Texas</I></TH></TR> 773 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 774</TABLE> 775 776<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 777On 02 February 1848, at the conclusion of the Mexican American War hostilities 778- the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo awarded the United States a 779significant land holding comprising the present states of Texas, New Mexico, 780Arizona, and California. As the United States assumed responsibility for the 781security of its newest possession - the American Southwest, The War Department 782issued General Order No. 58 (07 November, 1848) declaring "the six companies 783of the 3rd Infantry Regiment now in Texas, will, as soon as the necessary 784reconnaissance can be made in the direction of El Paso, be put enroute to 785establish a post to protect the region."</P> 786 787<P> 788<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 789Historically, the mission resulted in the establishment of "The Post Opposite 790El Paso del Norte", 1849 - 1851, by Major Jefferson Van Horne and his troops 791of the 3rd Infantry Regiment. The Post was later named "Bliss" in honor of 792Lieutenant Colonel William Wallace Smith Bliss - a former Assistant Adjutant 793General in the American-Mexican War, was located on six acres of land (now 794downtown El Paso) leased for $250 per month from Benjamin Franklin Coons, a 795local merchant in the area. With a new American settlement on the north bank 796and adjacent to the Post, the Mexican city on the south bank of the Rio Grande 797River, now comprised of several thousand people, became known as Cuidad 798Juarez.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 799 800<P> 801<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 802<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-002.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="275"></TH></TR> 803<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>"The Post Opposite El Paso del Norte", (El Paso 1849 ~ 1851)</I></TH></TR> 804</TABLE>
804<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 805 806<P> 807<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 808The garrison of Fort Bliss, along with soldiers of Fort Selden, NM and other 809Southwestern outposts, protected the recently-won territory from harassing 810Apaches and Comanches. With constant Indian raids in the northern areas, the 811garrisons of Fort Bliss had to be moved frequently to meet the shifting 812threats. In 1851, the companies of troops stationed in El Paso were moved 40 813miles (64 km) north to the area of Fort Fillmore, New Mexico. Records indicate 814that for more than two years, there was none garrisoned at "The Post Opposite 815El Paso del Norte".</P> 816 817<P> 818<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 819In January 1854, at the urging of citizens of Franklin, Texas, a new 820fortification at a third location, "The Post of El Paso", was established on 821leased property of Magofflin's Ranch, also known as Magoffsville. 822<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 823 824<P> 825<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 826<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 827 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-003.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 828 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Officers' Quarters, Concordia</I></TH></TR> 829 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 830</TABLE>
830 831 832<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 833In 1859 the surrounding areas outgrew the name of "Franklin" and thereafter 834became known by its logical name "El Paso", taken from the natural 835geographical surroundings. On 31 March 1861, the onset of the Civil War 836brought about the surrender of all Texas Military Posts, including Fort Bliss 837at Magoffinsville, to Confederate volunteers. Following acceptance of 838surrender, the Confederates used Fort Bliss as an assembly point and base of 839operations for their invasion into Mexico in 1862. After failure of that 840venture, the Confederates destroyed what was left of the Fort and withdrew 841after burning it to the ground.</P> 842 843<P> 844<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 845In 1861, in a broader view of the divided political objectives of the North 846and South, which was leading to the possibility of a Civil War, the Army 847organized another new Cavalry Regiment (the 6th Cavalry Regiment) and 848recognized a prior inconsistency in naming previous Cavalry units. The former 849Regiments were numerically redesignated sequentially as they had been 850organized:<UL> 851 852 <LI>First Regiment Of Dragoons as the 1st Cavalry Regiment, 853 <LI>Second Regiment Of Dragoons as the 2nd Cavalry Regiment, 854 <LI>Regiment Of Mounted Riflemen to the 3rd Cavalry Regiment. 855 <LI>1st Cavalry (1855) to the 4th Cavalry Regiment and 856 <LI>2nd Cavalry (1855) to the 5th Cavalry Regiment.</UL></P> 857 858<P> 859<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 860On 16 October 1865, following the end of the Civil War, the US Army returned 861to Magoffinsville, temporally re-occupied, took quarters at the remains of 862Fort Bliss and attempted to restore it to an operable base of operations. 863<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 864 865<P> 866<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 867<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 868 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-046.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 869 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Cavalry Charges Into Indian Territory</I></TH></TR> 870 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 871</TABLE>
871 872 873<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 874In 1866, soon after the end of the Civil war, Congress initiated action to 875continue expanding the number of cavalry regiments in recognition of the need 876to fulfill the requirement to staff the growing frontier defenses, the 7th, 8778th, 9th and 10th Cavalry Regiment were formed and organized. Among the 878peacetime assignments of the established Cavalry Regiments occurred in the 879Great Plains and the Far West Frontier because of their capabilities in 880mounted mobile services.</P> 881 882<P> 883<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 884The sound of the bugle and the cry of "Charge" sent the thundering hooves of 885the US Cavalry troopers to protect the western bound settlers in an era when 886Indians roamed the western frontier and pioneering settlers clung to their 887land with determination. The 1st, 7th, 8th and 10th Cavalry Regiments, which 888in the future would form the nucleus of the 1st Cavalry Division, clashed with 889the Sioux, Comanche, Arapaho, Apache and the Indian Nations during the Indian 890Wars.</P> 891 892<P> 893<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 894The cavalrymen pursued marauding Indians on horseback, and if the chase ended, 895as it usually did, in a dismounted fight, the cavalrymen were trained for that 896as well. During the years immediately following the Civil War, the Army was 897indispensable to the opening of the Plains area. The numerous discoveries of 898precious metals, the availability of cheap land, and the construction of 899wagon roads and railroads brought more and more settlers to the new west. All 900needed military protection since the Indians resisted the encroachment of 901white society. The many posts established ahead of settlements, and abandoned 902when the frontier had moved beyond them, testify to the fact that the Army 903continuously cleared the way for civilization.</P> 904 905<P> 906<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10"> 907On November 1867, following the end of the Civil War and the recognition of 908the need for additional facilities and personnel in the Southwest, orders were 909issued to move to a fourth location and construct a new military facility on 910a hundred acres of property leased from the Concordia Ranch. Magoffsville was 911not vacated until Camp Concordia was completed in March 1868. Camp Concordia
912had three large adobe buildings that straddled three major roads. In addition 913there was six officers' quarters, plus a tree lined parade ground. 914<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 915 916<P> 917<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 918<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-004.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="225"></TH></TR> 919<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>El Paso, Texas - circa 1875 ~ 1880</I></TH></TR> 920</TABLE></P> 921 922<P> 923<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10"> 924In March 1869 Camp Concordia was redesignated as Ft. Bliss. Within the decade, 925tough economic times plagued the nation, and the government sought ways to 926reduce military expenditures. In part, even then, base closings were a means 927to save short term money. In January 1877, Ft. Bliss was closed.</P> 928 929<P> 930<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 931From 1866 until 1901 no new cavalry regiments were added to the Regular Army. 932There were, however, some alterations in regimental organization. In the major 933reduction of the Army in 1869/70, the cavalry companies lost a few 934noncommissioned officers, but for six years thereafter the authorized strength 935and organization of the companies were unchanged. In the meantime, campaigns 936against the Indians continued and commanders clamored for more mounted troops. 937At the time, cavalry units still constituted about one-fifth of the entire 938Army, roughly the same ratio as in France and Germany.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 939 940<P ALIGN="CENTER"> 941<IMG SRC="1cd_evol.gif" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="90"></P> 942 943<P> 944<FORM NAME="Img_Zoom"> 945<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 946<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 947 <TR><TH>
947<!-- CHANGE 300 to your image width, 200 to image height, and "myGrafic" to your image's Name--> 948 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Expand " onMousedown="idGrafic(300, 230, 'myGrafic', 'Expand', 6.5)" onMouseup="clearZoom()"> 949 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 950 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Normal " onMousedown="idGrafic(300, 230, 'myGrafic', 'Normal', 6.5)"> 951 <!--<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 952 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Reduce " onMousedown="idGrafic(300, 230, 'myGrafic', 'Reduce', 6.5)" onMouseup="clearZoom()">--> 953 </TH></TR> 954 <TR><TH><DIV STYLE="position:relative; width:300; height:230"> 955 <DIV STYLE="position:absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width:300; height:230"> 956 <IMG NAME="myGrafic" SRC="i_op-008.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="230" ALT='Position cursor on selected function, "Click" and "Hold".'> 957 </DIV></DIV></TH></TR> 958 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>The Western Frontier Regions</I></TH></TR> 959 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 960</TABLE>
960 961</FORM> 962 963<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 964By 1870 the bulk of the cavalry organizations were in the west. Ninety-two 965companies were stationed among 59 posts within the vast area from the Canadian 966border to the Rio Grande River and from Kansas to California. The Plains 967Indians who had inhabited much of this area traveled and fought on horseback 968with a skill that gained the respect of the US cavalrymen. They had mobility 969and speed, and since these features were characteristic of American cavalry, 970mounted soldiers were a more effective fighting force than infantry in 971employment against them.</P> 972 973<P> 974<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 975The fluid condition of the frontier caused most of the defensive tasks to be 976performed by small units. Usually a company of infantry and one of cavalry 977garrisoned a post, but often a single company constituted the only military 978protection for miles.</P> 979 980<P> 981<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 982In June 1876 the Sioux, when attacked, overcame nearly half (5 companies) of 983the 7th Cavalry at the Little Big Horn. Partly as a result of this 984catastrophe, Congress voted a permanent increase in the mounted force. The new 985law actually cut 5,000 from the total number of enlisted men in the Army as a 986whole, but added 2,500 to the cavalry units employed against the Indians. Each 987company so employed could have 100 enlisted men, provided the total Army 988strength of 25,000, then authorized, was exceeded by no more than 2,500. The 989maximum 100-man cavalry company continued until 1890, but few units reached 990the authorized strength and fewer maintained it.</P> 991 992<P> 993<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 994On New Year's Day, January 1878, with emphasis on a strategic fortification for 995the military protection, a fifth location. for Ft. Bliss was designated and it 996would rise again - like a Phoenix, by renting quarters in downtown El Paso 997which proved to be a poorly thought out plan, as the post needed better 998facilities than rented warehouses.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 999 1000<P> 1001<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 1002<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-037.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="225"></TH></TR> 1003<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Fort Bliss, El Paso, Texas - circa 1885</I></TH></TR> 1004</TABLE>
1004</P> 1005 1006<P> 1007<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1008A new site for the sixth Ft. Bliss was constructed in 1878 on 135 acres, known 1009by many as Hart's Mill, upstream at the mouth of the Pass of the North, which 1010had been purchased by the War Department. The site was in an excellent 1011location which provided the Army easy access through the mountain passes. 1012<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1013 1014<P> 1015<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 1016<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-005.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="325"></TH></TR> 1017<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Parade Ground, Ft. Bliss, TX. - Hart's Mill Location</I></TH></TR> 1018</TABLE></P> 1019 1020<P> 1021<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1022In 1882 the troops of the ten cavalry regiments were dispersed among 55 posts 1023in the Indian country. The posts having the largest mounted forces were 1024located in the Departments of Missouri and Texas. The 1st and 5th Cavalry were 1025the most widely dispersed, troops of the 1st Cavalry Regiment located 10 1026stations in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, and California, and those of 1027the 5th Cavalry Regiment in 7 posts in Wyoming and Nebraska. Improvement in 1028troop distribution came about very slowly. During the late 1880's subjugation 1029of most of the Indians and completion of many miles of railroad made possible 1030the concentration of larger forces at fewer posts.</P> 1031 1032<P> 1033<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10"> 1034Meanwhile - at Fort Bliss, the location and growth of the surrounding 1035territories was so good that the railroads exercised their rights of "eminent 1036domain" and laid their rails down through the middle of the parade grounds. 1037The scheduling of drills, marches and ceremonies around the train schedules 1038became too much of a headache. With financial support of the local citizens of 1039Franklin, Texas, the Army purchased a thousand acres of land on the edge of La 1040Noria Mesa, adjacent to the town of El Paso, TX which had experienced vigorous 1041growth. Construction of the, seventh and final, site at La Noria Mesa began in 1042August 1891 and continued over the next two years. The garrison layout 1043centered around a parade ground that was situated along the curve of the mesa. 1044The initial construction featured officers' quarters along the west side of 1045the parade ground and barracks, a mess hall, and a hospital along the east 1046side. Upon completion of construction, the Army abandoned, the Hart's Mill 1047facility in 1893. The La Noria Mesa site remains as the permanent station for 1048Ft. Bliss. </P> 1049 1050<P> 1051<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH=100% ALIGN="CENTER"> 1052<TR><TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1053 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-045.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 1054 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Battle Of Wounded Knee Creek</I></TH></TR> 1055 </TABLE></TD> 1056 1057 <TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT"> 1058 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 1059 <DIV id="player-010"></DIV></DIV> 1060
1060<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 1061 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 1062 1063 jwplayer("player-010").setup( { 1064 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 1065 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 1066 width: 300, 1067 height:205, 1068 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-010.flv", 1069 events:{ 1070 onComplete: function() { 1071 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 1072 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-010&Title=Battle Of Wounded Knee Creek"; 1073 } 1074 } 1075 } ); 1076 1077 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 1078 </SCRIPT>
1078</TH></TR> 1079 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Battle Of Wounded Knee Creek</I></TH></TR> 1080 </TABLE></TD></TR> 1081</TABLE><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1082 1083<P> 1084<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1085The Battle of Wounded Knee (29 December, 1890), subduing the Sioux in 1086southwestern South Dakota, was the last Indian engagement of any significance 1087to fall in the category of warfare; later incidents were more in the realm of 1088civil actions. The Army could now concentrate its forces at the larger and 1089more permanent posts and relinquish numerous smaller installations that had 1090outgrown their usefulness.</P> 1091 1092<P> 1093<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1094The specifics of the actions at Wounded Knee (Drexel Mission) have been 1095examined in detail by many representing all sides (Department of Army, 1096Department of Interior and the National Congress of American Indians) of the 1097issues which brought about military action. It is difficult to say that the 1098actions for all of the issues were vindicated or even validated. In 1999, the 1099Chief of Military History indicated:<UL> 1100 1101 <LI>"We have extensively reviewed the events of the Pine Ridge 1102 campaign and we believe that Pine Ridge is appropriately 1103 characterized as a campaign. Records also affirm that the Medals 1104 of Honor received by 23 soldiers who participated in the campaign 1105 were deserved, and that Wounded Knee was an isolated and 1106 unintended incident." 1107 1108 <LI>"There are several criteria considered when characterizing a 1109 military operation as a campaign. The number of forces involved, 1110 risk to combatants, geographic scope, a series of operations, 1111 strategic purpose, and noteworthy accomplishment are but a few of 1112 these." 1113 1114 <LI>"The Pine Ridge Campaign utilized 5 cavalry regiments (1st, 6th, 1115 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th) out of the 10 total active regiments and 9 1116 infantry regiments (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 7th, 8th, 12th, 16th, 17th, 1117 20th, 22nd and 25th along with the 1st and 2nd Artillery) out of 1118 the 25 total active regiments - or 37% of the existing combat 1119 units of the Army."</UL></P> 1120 1121<P> 1122<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1123However, with great losses in lives at Wounded Knee Creek, the next few years 1124(on the plains) were comparatively peaceful - which was the objective of the 1125original plan set forth for the Wounded Knee Mission. The abatement of the 1126Indian threat brought about the first reduction in cavalry strength since the 1127Civil War.</P> 1128 1129<P> 1130<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1131The nineteenth century was drawing to a close and the frontier was rapidly 1132disappearing. Territories were being replaced by states, and people, 1133settlements, government, and law were spreading across the land. The buffalo 1134were gone and the Indians were confined to reservations and dependent upon the 1135government for subsistence. An expanded rail system was available to move 1136troops quickly to trouble spots.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1137 1138<P> 1139<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1140<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1141 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-047.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 1142 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Krag-Jorgensen Service Rifles</I></TH></TR> 1143 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 1144</TABLE>
1144 1145 1146<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1147The years following the Indian Wars saw some improvements in the mounted arm. 1148There were new drill regulations and the Army adopted a new shoulder arm - the 1149Krag-Jorgensen repeating bolt action rifle. Manufactured as both a carbine 1150and a rifle, the Krag-Jorgensen was a .30-caliber magazine weapon. It had a 1151muzzle velocity of about 2,000 feet per second, and it used a cartridge 1152containing smokeless powder. The new weapon was not in full supply by 1898 1153when the United States intervened in the trouble between Spain and her island 1154possessions in the Spanish American War, but there were enough carbines to 1155equip the Regular Cavalry and one regiment of Volunteers.</P> 1156 1157<P> 1158<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1159Despite minor improvements, the US cavalry of 1898 was not prepared for war. 1160Enlisted cavalrymen numbered fewer than 6,000, and they were as scattered as 1161at the opening of the Civil War, mainly through the western part of the 1162country, though part of the 3rd Cavalry was at Fort Ethan Allen,
1163Vermont, and part of the 6th Cavalry was at Fort Myer, Virginia. Most of the 1164troopers were garrisoning posts in Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Kansas, and 1165other western states. Again they were called in from great distances, some 1166arriving on their mounts and others coming by rail.<LBR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1167 1168<P> 1169<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1170On 25 April, 1898, the United States declared war on Spain following the 1171sinking of the USS Maine anchored in Havana Harbor. This event, resulted from 1172the intervention of the United States in the ongoing Cuban War of 1173Independence. Ongoing United States naval attacks on Pacific possessions of 1174Spain, beginning in Manila Bay 01 May, led to involvement in the Philippine 1175Revolution and ultimately to the Philippine - American War. Although the main 1176issue was Independence for Cuba, the ten week war was fought in the Caribbean 1177and the Pacific. Cavalry regiments engaged in conflicts occurring in:<UL> 1178 1179 <LI>Cuba - 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 10th US Cavalry. 1180 1181 <LI>Puerto Rico - 2nd, 5th and 6th US Cavalry. 1182 1183 <LI>Philippine - 4th US Cavalry. (Arriving too late to actively 1184 participate in combat.)</UL></P> 1185 1186<P> 1187<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1188Except for their wide dispersion, the Regular cavalry regiments of 1898 were 1189in no worse condition than was the rest of the Army at the time. There were 1190only 27,000 enlisted men in the entire Army and therefore the Army had to be 1191strengthened. For the Regular cavalry, an act of 26 April 1898 authorized the 1192reactivation of 2 troops in each regiment- some of the reactivated troops had 1193been inactive since 1890.</P> 1194 1195<P> 1196<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1197Soon after the turn of the century, Ft. Bliss became the focus of activity to 1198clear the Mexican border of marauders, cattle rustlers and thieves who took 1199shelter in northern Mexico between raids. The United States involvement in the 1200Mexican Revolution (1910 - 1917) was varied. The United States relationship 1201with Mexico has often been turbulent. For both economic and political reasons, 1202the American government generally supported those who occupied the seats of 1203power, whether they held that power legitimately or not.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1204 1205<P> 1206<FORM NAME="Img_Zoom"> 1207<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1208<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1209 <TR><TH>
1209<!-- CHANGE 300 to your image width, 210 to image height, and "MyMexico" to your image's Name--> 1210 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Expand " onMousedown="idGrafic(300, 210, 'MyMexico', 'Expand', 5500/300)" onMouseup="clearZoom()"> 1211 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 1212 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Normal " onMousedown="idGrafic(300, 210, 'MyMexico', 'Normal', 5500/300)"> 1213 <!--<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 1214 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Reduce " onMousedown="idGrafic(300, 210, 'MyMexico', 'Reduce', 5500/300)" onMouseup="clearZoom()">--> 1215 </TH></TR> 1216 <TR><TH><DIV STYLE="position:relative; width:300; height:210"> 1217 <DIV STYLE="position:absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width:300; height:210"> 1218 <IMG NAME="MyMexico" SRC="i_op-042.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="210" ALT='Position cursor on selected function, "Click" and "Hold".'> 1219 </DIV></DIV></TH></TR> 1220 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1,944.70 Mile US-Mexico Border</I></TH></TR> 1221 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 1222</TABLE>
1222 1223 1224<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1225In 1910/11 internal political conditions resulted in the overthrow of the 1226Mexican Government and caused the United States to concentrate most of its 1227Army strength in the southwest. Thus, for a while necessity solved the problem 1228of a badly scattered Army. On 07 March 1911, the Army ordered 20,000 troops 1229(approximately 33% of its authorized strength) of the Regular Army and 1230National Guard to the US - Mexican border areas to provide security. While 1231most of the cavalry patrolled the border from Fort Brown, Texas (the mouth of 1232the Rio Grande) to Fort Lockett (San Diego), California, other units in the 1233area were organized into one division and two independent brigades for closer 1234control. One cavalry regiment, the 3rd, formed the core of the division, and 1235the 9th and 10th Cavalry plus a signal company made up the independent cavalry 1236brigade.</P> 1237 1238<P> 1239<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1240In 1911 and 1912, the 12 troop regiment was temporarily reorganized into one 1241of six troops by consolidating two troops into one. It was supposed that 1242this action would result in a more compact unit and bring all men within the 1243sound of the colonel's voice. Employment of cavalry versus cavalry in mounted 1244action was contemplated. Experimental drill regulations prescribed double rank 1245formations, as was the European custom, and field regulations stressed more 1246mounted action. Horsemanship, improvement of mounts, and proficiency in the 1247use of the saber were emphasized. At the same time, it was clearly stated that
1248cavalry's efficiency with the rifle and in fighting dismounted must not be 1249miunimized. 1250 1251<P> 1252<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1253In 1912, in response to several Congressional proposals to reduce the cavalry 1254from fifteen to ten regiments, the Chief of Staff opposed any reduction, 1255pointing out that the small amount of cavalry in the Organized Militia made it 1256most essential that the fifteen Regular mounted regiments "be maintained and 1257maintained at the highest degree of efficiency." At the same time, the Chief 1258of Staff called attention to the damaging effects upon regiments that resulted 1259from detaching troops to police the National Parks.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1260 1261<P> 1262<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1263<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1264 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-006.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 1265 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Pershing House, Ft. Bliss</I></TH></TR> 1266 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 1267</TABLE>
1267 1268 1269<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1270Prior to the inauguration of Woodrow Wilson in 1913, the US military focused 1271mainly on just warning the Mexican military that decisive action from the US 1272military would take place if lives and property of North Americans living in 1273the country were endangered. In 1913, when Woodrow Wilson became President, he 1274denounced the new revolutionary government in Mexico and refused to recognize 1275it as the legitimate government. As a result of his position, violence toward 1276Americans intensified and there were incidents of murder, robbery, kidnapping 1277for ransom and property destruction.</P> 1278 1279<P> 1280<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1281In January 1914, General "Blackjack" John Pershing arrived to take command of 1282Ft. Bliss and the 8th Army Brigade that he had brought from the Presidio near 1283San Francisco, California. At the time, the Mexican Revolution was underway in 1284Mexico. To provide better protection to the settlers in the area, the 8th Army 1285Brigade was assigned to patrol and guard the border between Serria Blanco, 1286Texas and Columbus, New Mexico.</P> 1287 1288<P> 1289<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1290On 26 August 1914, Pershing hosted Mexican Constitutionalist Generals Pancho 1291Villa and Alvaro Obregon. They met on a Rio Grande bridge, after which 1292Pershing escorted his guests to a review at Fort Bliss, then to socialize at 1293his home. A well-known photo of Obregon, Villa and Pershing was taken while 1294they were on the bridge at Nogales, AZ. Behind Pershing and to his left stands 12951st Lt. George S. Patton, Jr. who served as one of Pershing's aides. A second 1296officer, standing behind Patton, has been identified as 1st Lt. James Collins, 1297aide-de-camp (personal assistant) to Pershing. He went on to become a Major 1298General. His youngest son, Michael, became an astronaut. Michael Collins 1299piloted the Apollo 11 command module during the first moon landing on 20 July, 13001969.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1301 1302<P> 1303<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 1304<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-007.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600 HEIGHT="400"></TH></TR> 1305<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Generals Alvaro Obregon, Pancho Villa and John S. Pershing</I><BR> 1306 Background Right: <I>1st Lt. George S. Patton, Jr., 8th Cavalry 1307 Regiment</I></TH></TR> 1308</TABLE>
1308<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1309 1310<P> 1311<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1312In October 1914, experimental cavalry service regulations (based upon the 1313experimental drill regulations) were issued to all cavalry regiments and were 1314given an "extensive try out" in the border service of 1915 and 1916. Reports 1315from cavalry commanders showed that 90 percent of the commanders preferred the 1316old statutory organization of troop, squadron, and regiment employed in single 1317rank.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1318 1319<P> 1320<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1321The Mexican Revolution played an important part in defining the role of 1322history at Ft, Bliss. A major event that marked its influence was the 1323undertaking of the Mexican revolutionary leader,Francisco "Pancho" Villa in 1324his attack on Columbus, New Mexico, on 09 March 1916. It drew nationwide 1325attention to the border area and propelled Ft. Bliss to the forefront as an 1326important military post.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1327 1328<P> 1329<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH=100% ALIGN="CENTER"> 1330<TR><TH><TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1331 <TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1332 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-049.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 1333 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Columbus, NM Under Attack</I></TH></TR> 1334 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 1335 </TABLE></TH> 1336 1337 <TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT"> 1338 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 1339 <DIV id="player-007"></DIV></DIV> 1340
1340<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 1341 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 1342 1343 jwplayer("player-007").setup( { 1344 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 1345 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 1346 width: 300, 1347 height:205, 1348 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-007.flv", 1349 events:{ 1350 onComplete: function() { 1351 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 1352 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-007&Title=Pancho Villa And The Southern Border"; 1353 } 1354 } 1355 } ); 1356 1357 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 1358 </SCRIPT>
1358</TH></TR> 1359 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Pancho Villa And The Southern Border</I></TH></TR> 1360 </TABLE></TH></TR> 1361</TABLE><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1362 1363<P> 1364<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1365On the night of 08 March 1916, border events came to a head when Mexican 1366bandits made a surprise attack on Columbus, New Mexico. As a result, US 1367soldiers crossed the border for the ostensible purpose of capturing the 1368bandit leader, Francisco (Pancho) Villa. The Punitive Expedition into Mexico 1369was principally a horse cavalry action, the last such in American history. 1370<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1371 1372<P> 1373<FORM NAME="Img_Zoom"> 1374<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 1375<TR><TH><!-- CHANGE 300 to your image width, 230 to image height, and "myRoute" to your image's Name--> 1376 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Expand " onMousedown="idGrafic(430, 180, 'myRoute', 'Expand', 4.5)" onMouseup="clearZoom()"> 1377 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 1378 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Normal " onMousedown="idGrafic(430, 180, 'myRoute', 'Normal', 4.5)"> 1379 <!--<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 1380 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Reduce " onMousedown="idGrafic(430, 180, 'myRoute', 'Reduce', 4.5)" onMouseup="clearZoom()"> --> 1381 </TH></TR> 1382<TR><TH><DIV STYLE="position:relative; width:430; height:180"> 1383 <DIV STYLE="position:absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width:430; height:180"> 1384 <IMG NAME="myRoute" SRC="punitive.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="430" HEIGHT="180" ALT='Position cursor on selected function, "Click" and "Hold".'> 1385 </DIV></DIV></TH></TR> 1386<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Punitive Expedition Battles - 26 Nov 1915 to 27 Feb 1920</I></TH></TR> 1387</TABLE>
1387 1388</FORM><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1389 1390<P> 1391<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1392On 14 March 1916, Pershing led an expedition into Mexico to capture Pancho 1393Villa. Pershing organized and commanded the Mexican Punitive Expedition, a 1394combined armed force of 10,000 men that routed the revolutionaries of Pancho 1395Villa severely wounding the bandit himself. Advanced elements of the 1396expedition penetrated as far as Parral, some 400 miles south of the border, 1397but Villa was never captured. The campaign consisted primarily of dozens of 1398minor skirmishes with small bands of insurgents. There were even clashes with 1399Mexican Army units; the most serious was on 21 June 1916 at Carrizal, where a 1400detachment of the 10th Cavalry was nearly destroyed.</P> 1401 1402<P> 1403<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1404The American troops were operating in the domain of Pancho Villa where many 1405of the peasants held pro-Villa sympathies. The Mexican government officers 1406likewise questioned the right of Americans to be there. Even though American 1407officers carried and distributed a proclamation by Mexican Secretary of War, 1408Obregon, extending a vague permission to operate in Mexico, almost no Mexican 1409official believed the expedition to have any legitimate right to be 1410maneuvering through their territory.</P> 1411 1412<P> 1413<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1414In many respects the service performed by the troopers in Mexico was 1415comparable to that they experienced in tracking down the elusive Indians in 1416the years following the Civil War. The hardships they endured were increased 1417by the lack of co-operation on the part of the Mexican Government and the 1418natives. Conflicting information as to the direction the bandits took after 1419their forays more often than not sent the Americans on long circuitous routes, 1420thus delaying their arrival at strategic points and giving the bandits plenty 1421of time to escape. The rough, irregular terrain and the varied climate of 1422Mexico added many discomforts.</P> 1423 1424<P> 1425<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1426Although there had been talk of war on the border for years, no steps had been 1427taken to plan and provide for the handling of supplies for such an expedition. 1428Even so, virtually the entire Regular Army was involved, and most of the 1429National Guard had been Federalized and concentrated on the border before the 1430end of the affair.</P> 1431 1432<P> 1433<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1434On 10 January, 1917, General Funston informed Pershing "that it was the 1435intention of the United States government to withdraw from Mexico at an early 1436date." Pershing "recommended that the date of the beginning of the movement 1437from Dublan, Mexico, be not later than 28 January, 1917, the withdrawal to be 1438entirely by marching, and the command to assemble at Palomas, Chihuahua, and 1439march across the border together." The recommendation was approved, and the 1440Punitive Expedition officially ended the afternoon of 05 February, 1917.</P> 1441 1442<P> 1443<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1444Hostilities in Mexico continued well after the Americans left. On 11 March, 14451917, Carranza was officially elected the new President of Mexico but 1446continued to fight off overthrow attempts by Villa and Emiliano Zapata. On 10 1447April, 1919, Carranza had Zapata assassinated. A year later Carranza himself 1448was assassinated after fleeing Mexico City during a rebellion. Pancho Villa 1449met a similar fate on 20 July, 1923. Around the same time, the army disbanded 1450troops stationed along the Mexican border, thus bringing to a close a 1451turbulent period in Mexican-American relations.</P> 1452 1453<P> 1454<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1455Although the expedition failed to capture Villa, it did provide a valuable 1456training experience for the troopers of the 5th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, and 12th 1457Cavalry Regiments who took part and later became units of the 1st Cavalry 1458Division. One of the largest military American military operations since the 1459Civil War, it provided lessons to be utilized as the United States inched 1460closer and closer to World War I. Also, it served as an effective projection 1461of American power which aided in halting raids and aggression along the 1462border.</P> 1463 1464<P> 1465<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1466From 1901 to 1916 the size of the Army varied from year to year. In 1901 1467Congress had set the maximum strength at 100,000 and authorized the 1468organization of 5 new cavalry units:<UL> 1469 1470 <LI>11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, founded 1901 1471 <LI>12th Cavalry Regiment, founded 1901 1472 <LI>13th Cavalry Regiment, founded 1901 1473 <LI>14th Cavalry Regiment, founded 1901 1474 <LI>15th Cavalry Regiment, founded 1901 US Army Training and Doctrine 1475 Command unit.</UL></P> 1476 1477<P> 1478<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1479Following these authorized organizations and thereafter until 1916 the actual 1480strength was regulated by annual appropriations. From 1902 to 1911 the Army 1481averaged in excess of 65,000 personnel. Of this amount, the cavalry continued 1482to comprise about one-fifth of the total strength.</P> 1483 1484<P> 1485<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1486On 03 June 1916, the National Defense Act set the peace strength of the 1487Regular Army at 220,000 officers and men and of the National Guard at 450,000. 1488Increases to reach these strengths were to be spread over a period of five 1489years. In units, additions to the Regular Army amounted to 10 regiments of 1490cavalry, 33 of infantry, and 15 of field artillery; 13 battalions of 1491engineers; 93 companies of coast artillery; and a number of signal, medical, 1492and other auxiliary troops.</P> 1493 1494<P> 1495<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1496The regimental organization under the 1916 act remained unchanged, retaining 1497its 12 lettered troops in 3 squadrons, a headquarters troop, a supply troop, 1498and a machine gun troop. Enlisted strength of a line troop was fixed at 70 1499for peace and 105 for war. However the 1916 plan, increasing the strength of 1500the Army, authorized two new cavalry regiments in the first increment.<UL> 1501 1502 <LI>16th Cavalry Regiment, founded 1916 US Army Armor School 1503 <LI>17th Cavalry Regiment, founded 1916.</UL></P> 1504 1505<P> 1506<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1507To enable the new organizations to become operational as soon as possible, 1508experienced officers and men from existing cavalry regiments were transferred 1509to the new ones, and by mid-July 1916 the 16th and 17th Cavalry were in fair 1510shape. These were the last additions to the cavalry forces until after the
1511declaration of war on Germany.</P> 1512 1513<P> 1514<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1515The act also provided for the organization of brigades and divisions, which 1516previously had not been permanent- that is, they had been organized during an 1517emergency and existed only so long as the specific emergency lasted. Civil War 1518brigades and divisions, for example, were disbanded when the war ended, and 1519new ones created for the War with Spain were not continued after the close of 1520that struggle.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1521 1522<P> 1523<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 1524<TR><TD><IMG SRC="i_op-043.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="650" HEIGHT="360"></TD></TR> 1525<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500">Proposed Cavalry Division Table Of Organization - May, 1916</I></TH></TR> 1526</TABLE></P> 1527 1528<P> 1529<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1530The new plan called for the formation of 2 cavalry and 7 infantry divisions. 1531The cavalry division proposed consisted of a headquarters, 3 brigades (each 1532with 3 cavalry regiments) , a horse field artillery regiment, a mounted 1533engineer battalion, a mounted signal battalion, an aero squadron, and the 1534necessary trains: ammunition, supply, engineer, and sanitary. The remaining 7 1535authorized cavalry regiments were assigned to the 7 infantry divisions, a 1536regiment to each division, to provide a mobile force capable of performing 1537reconnaissance, counter reconnaissance, and security missions for the division. 1538Because of their mobility, the cavalry divisions were free for reconnaissance 1539or other duties that took them considerable distances from the remainder of 1540the Army.</P> 1541 1542<P> 1543<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1544On 02 April, 1917, when President Woodrow Wilson asked for a declaration of 1545war against Germany. it surprised no one. Congress, taking fast action, issued 1546the declaration four days later, When the United States entered World War-I 1547against Germany, the cavalry organization of seventeen regiments in effect was 1548based upon the National Defense Act of 1916. In May 1917 emergency laws called 1549for immediate increase to the full strength authorized by the National Defense 1550Act, and organization of the remaining eight new cavalry regiments, numbered 155118th through the 25th to begin at once.</P> 1552 1553<P> 1554<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1555On 18 May 1917, an act of Congress provided for twenty National Army (or 1556temporary) cavalry regiments, which were designated 301st through 320th. 1557Fifteen of them, the 301st through the 315th, were organized in early 1918 at 1558various National Army camps, but in August of that year they, too, were 1559converted to field artillery. Thirty field artillery regiments, the 44th 1560through the 72nd, and nine trench mortar batteries, the 15th through the 23rd, 1561were organized from them. None of those units served outside the United States 1562and all were demobilized in January-February of 1919. The 316th through the 1563320th Cavalry were not activated during the war years.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1564 1565<P> 1566<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1567<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1568 <TR><TH>
1568<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 1569 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 1570 1571 // Set Magnifyer Glass Dimensions 1572 1573 var zoomw=150; 1574 var zoomh=100; 1575 var defzoomamount=4; 1576 1577 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 1578 </SCRIPT>
1578 1579 <DIV STYLE="text-align: center; PADDING: 0px;"> 1580 <DIV STYLE="WIDTH: 300px; HEIGHT: 200px; MARGIN: auto;"> 1581 <DIV STYLE="float:left" 1582 onmouseover="zoom_on(event, 300, 200,'i_op-048.jpg');" 1583 onmousemove="zoom_move(event);" 1584 onmouseout="zoom_off();" 1585 onclick="zoom_click();"> 1586 <img src="i_op-048.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200" ALT="Strategy Of The Western Front" STYLE="PADDING 0; MARGIN: 0; BORDER: 0" /> 1587 </DIV> 1588 <DIV STYLE="clear: both;"> 1589 </DIV> 1590 </DIV> 1591 </DIV></TH></TR> 1592 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Strategy Of The Western Front</I></TH></TR> 1593 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 1594</TABLE> 1595 1596<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1597By the time the United States entered World War-I, the machine gun, together 1598with improved artillery, barbed wire, and elaborate field fortifications, had 1599produced a stalemate on the European Western Front. The Allies and the 1600Germans, with their opposing armies anchored on the sea in the west and on the 1601mountains in the east, repeatedly used waves of infantrymen and heavy 1602artillery barrages in vain efforts to break the deadlock. Their critical need 1603was for mobility and shock action, both traditional roles of horse cavalry, 1604but static trench warfare and the machine gun had made use of the horse 1605impractical.</P> 1606 1607<P> 1608<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1609Since US cavalrymen had been trained to fight dismounted as well as mounted, 1610many of them did see action as foot soldiers. Again, as in earlier wars, many 1611individual awards for gallantry were earned by the dismounted troopers who 1612fought in other arms and services.</P> 1613 1614<P> 1615<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1616Only a very small portion of the US cavalry saw any mounted service in 1617France. In late August 1918, just before the St. Mihiel offensive, a 1618provisional squadron was formed from Troops, "B", "D", "F", and "H" of the 2nd 1619Cavalry. Fourteen officers and 404 enlisted men from those troops with 1620convalescent horses furnished from the veterinary hospital moved to old Camp 1621Jeanne d'Arc, near Neufchateau, for training in mounted action. 1622After about ten days of training, one troop of the Provisional Squadron was 1623detached and marched to Menil-la-Tour, where it reported for courier duty with 1624the 1st, 42nd, and 89th Divisions. The remainder of the squadron reported to 1625the 1st Division on the night of 11 September 1918, and by a few minutes past 1626noon of the next day US cavalrymen, mounted, were at Nonsard, about five miles 1627behind the original front line of the enemy. Sent out on reconnaissance duty 1628beyond their capabilities, the cavalrymen met the enemy in considerable force 1629and were routed.</P> 1630 1631<P> 1632<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1633After the armistice, Headquarters, Band, and six troops of the 2nd Cavalry 1634acted as an advance guard for the Army movement into Germany, and afterward 1635were stationed along the Rhine with the American Army of Occupation.</P> 1636 1637<P> 1638<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1639Few recognized during World War-I that the means for returning mobility and 1640shock action to combat was already present in a device destined to 1641revolutionize warfare on the ground and in the air. This was the internal 1642combustion engine, which had made possible the development of the tank 1643and eventually would lead to the mechanized forces that were to assume the 1644old roles of horse cavalry and to loosen the grip of the machine gun on the 1645battlefield. With increased firepower and protection, these mechanized forces 1646would, only some twenty years later, become the armor of World War II. When 1647the armored artillery, the armored personnel carrier, the wheeled cargo 1648vehicle, and supporting aviation- all with adequate communications- were 1649added to constitute the combined arms team of the modern armored division, 1650commanders regained the capability of maneuver in most of the land areas of 1651the world.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1652 1653<P>
1654<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1655<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1656 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-044.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 1657 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>World War I Invention, The Tank</I></TH></TR> 1658 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 1659</TABLE> 1660 1661<P> 1662<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1663In the early stages of World War I, neither the Allies nor the Germans 1664foresaw the ultimate value of the tank. In late 1914 after observing a small 1665American-made caterpillar tractor in France, an English Officer, recommended 1666to the British Committee of Imperial Defense that caterpillar tractors be 1667armored and armed for use in combat. Although his proposal was not immediately 1668accepted by the committee, it gained strong support of one of its members, 1669Winston S. Churchill, then First Lord of the Admiralty.</P> 1670 1671<P> 1672<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1673In 1920, the Office of the Chief of Cavalry was established by the National 1674Defense Act. The total personnel authorization for cavalry was set at 950 1675officers and 20,000 enlisted men; its actual strength on 30 June 1920 was 965 1676officers and 15,812 men. In numbers of units, cavalry was little affected by 1677the immediate reduction in the Regular Army at the war's end, since the 1678mounted arm already had been fixed at 17 regiments by the National Defense Act 1679on 03 June 1916,<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1680 1681<P ALIGN="CENTER"> 1682<IMG SRC="1cd_toe.gif" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="90"></P> 1683 1684<P> 1685<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1686In addition to the established regiments, squadrons, and troops, the 1687larger units of cavalry divisions and brigades were provided by the 1920 act. 1688Two cavalry divisions, the 1st and the 2nd, were proposed to be added to the 1689Regular Army, the 1st being active and the 2nd inactive. Each division 1690contained two cavalry brigades, and each brigade had two regiments, a machine 1691gun squadron, and a headquarters troop. Other divisional elements were a horse 1692artillery battalion with 75-mm. guns, a mounted engineer battalion, an 1693ambulance company, the division trains, and special troops.</P> 1694 1695<P> 1696<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1697On 04 April 1921 the Army established a permanent Cavalry Division Table of 1698Organization & Equipment. It authorized a Square Division organization of 16997,463 Officers and Men, organized into a Headquarters Element (34); two 1700Separate Cavalry Brigades (2,803 each); an Engineer Battalion (357); a 1701separate Ambulance Company (63); a Field Artillery Battalion (790); a Division 1702Quartermaster Trains Command (276); and a Special Troops Command (337). 1703<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1704 1705<P> 1706<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 1707<TR><TD><IMG SRC="i_op-009.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="400"></TD></TR> 1708</TABLE>
1708</P> 1709 1710<P> 1711<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1712Each Cavalry Brigade was organized into a Headquarters and Headquarters Troop 1713(101); two Cavalry Regiments (1,155 each); and a separate Machine Gun Squadron 1714(392). Each Cavalry Regiment was organized into a Headquarters and 1715Headquarters Troop (121); two Squadrons (428 each); a separate Supply Troop 1716(127); and a Medical and Chaplain Detachment (51). Each Machine Gun Squadron 1717was organized into a Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment (47); three Line 1718Troops (110 each); and a Medical and Chaplain Detachment (15). Each Cavalry 1719Squadron was organized into a Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment (35); 1720and three Line Troops (131 each).</P> 1721 1722<P> 1723<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1724The Field Artillery Battalion was organized into a combined Headquarters and 1725Headquarters Battery and Combat Trains Command (227); three Batteries (161 1726each); and a Medical and Chaplain Detachment (30). The Special Troops Command 1727was organized into a Headquarters Element (11); the Division Headquarters 1728Troop (161); a Signal Troop (78); an Ordnance Maintenance Company (36); a 1729Veterinary Unit (38); and a Medical and Chaplain Detachment (13).</P> 1730 1731<P> 1732<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1733The Division Quartermaster Trains Command was a unitary structure that 1734contained all of the Quartermaster Corps elements of the Division. At this 1735time, all transportation was pack or animal-drawn (horse or mule), except for 173614 automobiles, 28 trucks, and 65 motorcycles that were scattered throughout 1737the various unit headquarters. Without the Trains Command, the 1st Cavalry 1738Division occupied 6.5 miles of road if it moved in a "column of twos". 1739<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1740 1741<P> 1742<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1743<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1744 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 1745 <DIV id="player-006"></DIV></DIV> 1746
1746<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 1747 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 1748 1749 jwplayer("player-006").setup( { 1750 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 1751 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 1752 width: 300, 1753 height:205, 1754 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-006.flv", 1755 events:{ 1756 onComplete: function() { 1757 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 1758 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-006&Title=Preview Of Coming Attractions"; 1759 } 1760 } 1761 } ); 1762 1763 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 1764 </SCRIPT>
1764</TH></TR> 1765 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Preview Of Coming Attractions</I></TH></TR> 1766 </TABLE></TH> 1767 <TH> </TH></TR> 1768</TABLE> 1769 1770<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1771<I>This first set of video clips provides the basis for appreciation of the 1772of the role formalized and continually executed by the 1st Cavalry Division 1773since its organization and activation. From the beginning and throughout all 1774of its history, the 1st Cavalry Division has met the ever changing challenges 1775of the defense needs of the United States. The narratives of this and the 1776continuing Organizational Legacy sections of the 1st Cavalry Division and its 1777assigned, attached and legacy commands and subordinate units describes the 1778historical combat encounters that brought about the evolution of the 1st 1779Cavalry Division's warring capability.</I></P> 1780 1781<P> 1782<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1783Subsequently on 20 August 1921 the 1st Cavalry Regiment, the first unit 1784assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division, was preassigned to the 1st Cavalry 1785Division nearly a month before the formal activation of the Division. On 13 1786September 1921, with the initiation of the National Defense Act, the 1st 1787Cavalry Division was formally activated at Ft. Bliss, Texas and Major General 1788Robert Lee Howze, a Texas native from Rusk County and seasoned veteran of the 1789Frontier Indian Wars, Spanish American War, Philippines Insurrection, Mexican 1790Expedition, World War I and recipient of the Medal of Honor, was selected as 1791its first Division Commander.</P> 1792 1793<P> 1794<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1795Upon activation, the 7th, 8th and 10th Cavalry Regiments were assigned to the 1796new Division. With almost a century of service behind the oldest of its 1797regiments and sixty five years of service for its youngest, the units that had 1798already ridden and fought its way into the pages of history were organized 1799into the newly formed divisional structure. The four regiments were now to 1800fight side by side. Other units initially assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division 1801in 1921 included the 1st and 2nd Machine Gun Squadrons, Weapons Troops, 10th 1802Light Tank Company, 13th Signal Troop, 15th Veterinary Company, 27th Ordnance 1803Company, 43rd Ambulance Company, 82nd Field Artillery Battalion (Horse) and 1804the 1st Cavalry Quartermaster Trains which later was redesignated as the 15th 1805Replacement Company.</P> 1806 1807<P> 1808<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1809Consolidation of these units into the 1st Cavalry Division and its 1810specialized support functions, along with new tactical equipment training and 1811developments enabled the Division to evolve into the modern, highly trained, 1812mission ready, assault and support force of today. As such, it is well staffed 1813and equipped to execute any on-order mission to deploy by land, sea or air to 1814any part of the world on short notice and at once engage the threat and 1815neutralize, suppress or destroy the enemy.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1816 1817<P> 1818<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 1819<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-010.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="300"></TH></TR> 1820<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Newly Organized 1st Cavalry Division Passes In Review</I></TH></TR> 1821</TABLE>
1821<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1822 1823<P> 1824<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1825The 1st Cavalry Division was assigned to the VIII Corps Area and its Division 1826Headquarters and 2nd Brigade Command along with its units were assigned to Ft. 1827Bliss, Texas. The 1st Brigade Command and its units were assigned to Camp 1828Harry J. Jones in Douglas, AZ. Later, the 5th Cavalry Regiment was assigned on 182918 December 1922, relieving the 10th Cavalry Regiment. It would not be until 183003 January 1933 that the 12th Cavalry Regiment, organized in 1901, would join 1831the 1st Cavalry Division, relieving the 1st Cavalry Regiment.</P> 1832 1833<P> 1834<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1835In early September 1921. the first venture of the 1st Cavalry Division into 1836the aviation environment was in cooperation with the 12th Observation 1837Squadron, one of the oldest Unites States Air Force Squadrons, that operated 1838out of Ft. Bliss. The Air Corps furnished the plane and pilot for observation 1839of artillery fire while the field artillery furnished the observer. Doctrine 1840specified that such observation planes should be attached to corps and from 1841there allotted to Cavalry Units on a mission-by-mission basis as the situation 1842dictated. The coordination process between Cavalry requirements and Squadron 1843fulfillment became a major obstacle in its implementation. The General Staff 1844officers of the Cavalry were often out of touch with the requirements of 1845modern aerial warfare that their chief complaint about air personnel was the 1846disrespectful manner in which flying officers flouted regulations by refusing 1847to wear their cavalry spurs while flying airplanes. The joint venture 1848experiment ended in June 1926.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1849 1850<P> 1851<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 1852<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-029.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="720" HEIGHT="320"></TH></TR> 1853<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>The Line Of March Covered The Harsh Terrain Of The "Big Bend" District</I></TH></TR> 1854</TABLE>
1854<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1855 1856<P> 1857<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1858In the fall of 1923 the 1st Cavalry Division assembled at Camp Marfa, Texas 1859to stage its first divisional-level maneuvers since its organization. The 1860maneuvers were held in the Marfa-Shafter-Alamito area of the Big Bend 1861District, Texas. The line of march was Fabens, Ft. Hancock, Sierra Blanca, Hot 1862Wells, Lobo Flats, and Valentine. The wagon trains, all drawn by four mules 1863(no motorized vehicles yet), seemed endless. Terrain covering an area of 900 1864square miles was obtained through the generosity and public spirit of ranch 1865owners. The enormous tract was mapped and marked by a detachment from the 8th 1866Engineer Battalion.</P> 1867 1868<P> 1869<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1870The actual maneuvers consisted of both one-sided and two-sided problems with 1871brigade against brigade and included the entire division as a whole. The 12th 1872Observation Squadron participated in maneuvers with the Division. The use of 1873aircraft allowed the maneuvers, in every detail, to conform with actual war 1874conditions. <I>(It was during this period, from 1922 to 1923, that Captain 1875Claire Chennault, of later "Flying Tiger" fame, served with the 12t has 1876aviation engineer officer.)</I> Since this was the first major United States 1877Army training exercise since WW I, the maneuvers were attended by 1878representatives of several foreign governments.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1879 1880<P> 1881<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1882<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1883 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 1884 <DIV id="player-001"></DIV></DIV> 1885
1885<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 1886 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 1887 1888 jwplayer("player-001").setup( { 1889 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 1890 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 1891 width: 300, 1892 height:205, 1893 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-001.flv", 1894 events:{ 1895 onComplete: function() { 1896 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 1897 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-001&Title=Early Cavalry Maneuvers - Marfa"; 1898 } 1899 } 1900 } ); 1901 1902 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 1903 </SCRIPT>
1903</TH></TR> 1904 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Early Cavalry Maneuvers - Marfa</I></TH></TR> 1905 </TABLE></TH> 1906 <TH> </TH></TR> 1907</TABLE> 1908 1909<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1910<I>This video clip of the 1st Cavalry Division, conducting a day of field 1911maneuver training in 1923, was filmed in the open, rough, desert terrain 1912surrounding Marfa, Texas. This historic document begins with a scene of the 19137th Cavalry Regiment deploying for the attack. As soon as the Regiment 1914establishes its "attack" starting location, and before the exercises started, 1915troopers from the supporting 82nd Field Artillery Battalion drove their 1916mobile "French" 75mm (rapid fire) field artillery pieces to a strategic 1917sighting and fire location.</I></P> 1918 1919<P> 1920<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1921On 02 July 1926, when the Army Air Corps was created by Act of Congress, it 1922began to develop specialized types of aircraft to perform its several 1923functional needs. Although the helicopter (still in its early stages of 1924development) was recognized for its ability to operate out of rough terrain - 1925such as the cavalry operated, it became clear that the fixed wing aircraft 1926was the device to develop for its operations. Various operational needs of the 1927cavalry were studied and the Army began to develop specialized types of 1928aircraft to perform its several functions. For observation - a tandem 1929two-seater, open cockpit biplane was generally used. Rather heavy, it required 1930a hard surface runway or its near equivalent.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1931 1932<P> 1933<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1934<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1935 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-031.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 1936 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1st Aero Squadron In Formation</I></TH></TR> 1937 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 1938</TABLE>
1938 1939 1940<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1941Published results of the exercises of the 1st Cavalry Division attracted the 1942interest of other cavalry organizations, nationally and international, which 1943placed emphasis on the incorporation of additional realism in successive 1944exercises which were planned to be repeated on an annual basis. However, 1945facing the aspects of the dilemma of the Army Organizations between realism and 1946idealism, financial constraints made that objective impossible. Only in 1927, 1947through the generosity of a few ranchers who provided free land, was the 1948Division able to conduct such exercises again.</P> 1949 1950<P> 1951<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1952In 1927 the 1st Cavalry Division carried out the second divisional field 1953maneuvers and readiness testing in the Marfa area. From a Time Magazine 1954article dated Monday, 10 October 1927: "<I>Not since the Civil War had US 1955cavalry engaged in maneuvers on the scale of those conducted last week on 120 1956square miles of terrain in and about Marfa, Texas. Some 280 officers, 4,000 1957men, 3,200 horses and 1,500 mules were deployed over gulches, hillocks and 1958sagebrush plains - the 2nd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division (Fort Bliss) playing 1959"Brown" army to the "White" army of the 1st Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division 1960(Fort Bliss) and 1st Cavalry Regiment (Marfa). Tanks, cannon, airplanes, Red 1961Cross ambulances and every appurtenance of real war, right down to hot 1962weather, secrecy and red tape, accompanied the show."</I></P> 1963 1964<P> 1965<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1966Following the maneuvers in October, the Division added the capability of 1967aerial observation by the assignment of the 1st Aero (Observation) Squadron, 1968US Army Air Corps, a unit that had previously been with General Pershing, in 19691916, on the Punitive Expedition into Mexico. The unit, a component squadron 1970of the 9th Observation Group, remained with the Division until the end of its 1971subsequent organizational changes in February 1929. Today, its predecessor 1972unit, the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron, 9th Reconnaissance Wing operates the 1973high altitude SR-71 (YS-12) Reconnaissance Aircraft and continues to play a 1974vital role in the defense of America.</P> 1975 1976<P> 1977<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1978In 1929 the 1st Cavalry Division carried out its third divisional field 1979maneuvers, reflecting organizational changes that occurred earlier. In 1928 1980the Chief of Cavalry, in an early bid to increase the firepower of the cavalry 1981division while at the same time having to remove personnel, reorganized the 1982four cavalry regiments of the Division. Aside from redistributing the 1983machine guns by giving them to each regiment, he authorized the addition of an 1984Armored Car Squadron.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 1985 1986<P> 1987<FORM NAME="Img_Zoom"> 1988<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1989<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 1990 <TR><TH><!-- CHANGE 200 to your image width, 200 to image height, and "myImage" to your image's Name--> 1991 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Expand " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 200, 'myImage', 'Expand', 11/2)" onMouseup="clearZoom()"> 1992 <IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 1993 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Normal " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 200, 'myImage', 'Normal', 11/2)"> 1994 <!--<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="10"> 1995 <INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE=" Reduce " onMousedown="idGrafic(200, 200, 'myImage', 'Reduce', 11/2)" onMouseup="clearZoom()">--> 1996 </TH></TR> 1997 <TR><TH><DIV STYLE="position:relative; width:200; height:200"> 1998 <DIV STYLE="position:absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; width:200; height:200"> 1999 <IMG NAME="myImage" SRC="i_op-032.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="200" HEIGHT="200" ALT='Position cursor on selected function, "Click" and "Hold".'> 2000 </DIV></DIV></TH></TR> 2001 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Ready For Field Maneuvers</I></TH></TR> 2002 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 2003</TABLE>
2003 2004</FORM> 2005 2006<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2007In the 1929 maneuvers, Liberty Trucks were of the World War I vintage in terms 2008of motorized transportation. included the first incorporation of armored cars 2009and anti-tank guns, and the Division revisited the use of "Portee (using 2010trucks and trailers to more speedily transport horses and their supplies) 2011Cavalry". "A" Troop, 1st Armored Car Squadron, participated in the maneuvers. 2012The armor plating was soft and the vehicles were armed with .30 caliber 2013machine guns. The mechanized scouts earned high marks for their ability to 2014conduct delaying operations, but their good mobility was attributed to dry 2015weather and the lack of fences and ditches along the Texas roads that 2016otherwise would have prevented them from gaining any degree of off-road 2017mobility. There was some surprise at the relative "invisibility" of the cars 2018until they moved.</P> 2019 2020<P> 2021<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2022The "Portee Cavalry" concept employed during the tactical exercise were given 2023high marks for strategic mobility, but were valued little for their tactical 2024mobility. During the regimental phase of the maneuvers the platoon conducted 2025reconnaissance ten miles forward of the main body and across a five-mile
2026front. Radio sets mounted in the vehicles allowed them to send reports every 2027two hours. The platoon was generally successful in delaying the opposing force 2028with the tactical use of ambushes and effective long-range machine gun fire. 2029Opposing forces learned to get off the roads and using their own towed 2030anti-tank weapons as a supporting base of fire, maneuvered to the flanks of 2031the armored cars.</P> 2032 2033<P> 2034<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2035For the next fifteen years, units of the Division, remained stationed at the 2036home base of Ft. Bliss with elements occasionally temporally based at Camp 2037Marfa and Ft. Clark, all located in Texas. The early missions of the Division 2038were comprised of rough riding, patrolling the Mexican border, and constant 2039training. Operating from horseback, the cavalry was the only viable force 2040capable of piercing the harsh terrain of the desert to halt the band of 2041smugglers that operated along the desolate Mexican border.</P> 2042 2043<P> 2044<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2045The history of Fort Bliss up to World War II essentially paralleled that of 2046the 1st Cavalry Division. But in a larger sense, the fortunes of the post 2047reflected the interplay of three factors. 1st and most important), the 2048revolution and resultant instability in Mexico determined the degree to which 2049the southern border needed protection. 2nd) the interwar years were 2050characterized by severe budget restrictions of the Army, a situation that did 2051not begin to improve until the military buildup of the late 1930s. 3rd and 2052last), the role of the horse cavalry as a combat arm in modem warfare 2053continued to decline.</P> 2054 2055<P> 2056<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2057By the mid-1930s even the most diehard cavalrymen at Fort Bliss could not have 2058been overly optimistic about the future of the cavalry. But the 1st Cavalry 2059Division was determined not to go out of existence with a whimper. In spite of 2060the lack of ample funding and the limited availability of new equipment, 2061priorities were placed on readiness preparation and evaluations by conducting 2062extensive field maneuvers. To this end, the large expanse of land in the 2063Marfa-Shafter-Alamito area of the Big Bend District, south of Ft. Bliss, was 2064used to stage its many divisional-level maneuvers.<BR CLEAR"ALL"></P> 2065 2066<P> 2067<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2068<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2069 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-011.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2070 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Maneuvers near Toyahvale, Texas</I></TH></TR> 2071 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 2072</TABLE>
2072 2073 2074<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2075During the fall of 1937, the 1st Cavalry Division, along with other troops 2076stationed at Ft. Bliss engaged in the Provisional Infantry Division (PID) 2077Tests at Ft. Sam Houston and Camp Bullis, Texas. The PID Tests developed the 2078partially motorized triangular division that was employed in World War II. 2079Following the completion of the tests, the Division returned to Ft. Bliss for 2080a brief period to rehabilitate the horses. In the early spring of 1938, the 2081Division moved out again and, against the background of growing international 2082tensions, began its fourth divisional maneuvers staged in the mountainous and 2083desert areas near Balmorhea and Toyahvale, Texas. In these maneuvers, the 1st 2084Cavalry Division conducted tests and evaluated the many organizational 2085recommendations for a Provisional Cavalry Division made by the Modernization 2086Board.</P> 2087 2088<P> 2089<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 209001 September 1939, the starting date for the fifth divisional readiness 2091maneuvers of the 1st Cavalry Division, coincided with the invasion of Poland 2092by Germany who used the most modern and deadly military force of its time, the 2093blitzkrieg. Against the background of the invasion of Poland, the Division 2094conducted their maneuvers from 07 to 30 October 1939, not stopping for the 2095turn of events, in the barren desert terrain around Balmorhea and Toyahvale. 2096TX. These exercises, made even more memorable and intense by their timing, 2097were observed by many international military personnel who would be soon 2098involved in a world conflict.</P> 2099 2100<P> 2101<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2102On the eve of the United States' entry into World War II, the authorized 2103strength of the 1st Cavalry Division was now 10,110. By 1940 the 1st Cavalry 2104Division had constructed the Logan Heights Cantonment area (temporary living 2105accommodations) for four National Guard Units (20,000 troops) and had made 2106significant improvements in the facilities at Biggs Airfield, the Ft. Bliss 2107air terminal. Additional training and preparation for involvement in the 2108anticipated World War was carried out at the national level by the 1st Cavalry 2109Division by their participation in the first 3rd Army maneuvers held in the 2110summer of 1940 at Camp Polk, Louisiana. By Executive Order No 8594, issued on 211116 November, 1940, the 56th Cavalry Brigade of the Texas National Guard was 2112federalized and integrated into the 1st Cavalry Division for intensive field 2113training.<BR CLEAR=ALL"></P> 2114 2115<P> 2116<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2117<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2118 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-023.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2119 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Ft Bliss and Logan Heights - 1940</I></TH></TR> 2120 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 2121</TABLE>
2121 2122 2123<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2124Early in 1941, the Division consolidated all its subordinate units on Fort 2125Bliss. The 12th Cavalry Regiment arrived from Camps Ringgold and Brown, and 2126the border patrols that had so long been a critical mission were discontinued 2127after Mexico declared war on Germany. In 1941 the Texas National Guard Unit 2128was replaced by the 1st Cavalry Brigade, previously stationed at Harry J. 2129Jones in Douglas, AZ. As America was poised to enter World War II, only two 2130active cavalry posts remained - Fort Riley, a cavalry post by tradition and 2131Fort Bliss, the last to have a strategic cavalry mission.</P> 2132 2133<P> 2134<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2135In 1941, the 1st Cavalry Division then staffed to approximately seventy 2136percent of their authorized strength, began planning for participation in the 2137second 3rd Army field readiness maneuvers that were to be held in the vicinity 2138of Leesville, Louisiana. The maneuvers would become a severe test for the men, 2139their equipments and horses. For the initial movement of the 1st Cavalry 2140Division, railroad cars were assembled from all over west Texas at El Paso, 2141Texas. In anticipation of extended marches over gravel roads in rural 2142Louisiana, each horse was provided with a spare set of shoes. Material and 2143horses were shipped by rail while the men and their personal gear were 2144transported by motor convoy to the maneuver areas.</P> 2145 2146<P> 2147<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2148From 10 August to 04 October 1941, the 1st Cavalry Division participated in 2149the second 3rd Army field readiness maneuvers that were held in the vicinity 2150of Leesville, Louisiana. The Division covered approximately 900 miles in the 2151maneuver area in the 60 day period. The "Blue" and the "Red" Armies that were 2152selected for this set of LOUISIANA MANEUVERS were the finest and best equipped 2153this country could then field. They represented a small part of the US Army 2154Military Establishment of about a quarter million, in total, who would soon 2155form the strong backbone of a mighty army in excess of thirteen million under 2156arms, so called today as "The Greatest Generation,<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2157 2158<P> 2159<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2160<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2161 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 2162 <DIV id="player-002"></DIV></DIV> 2163
2163<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 2164 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 2165 2166 jwplayer("player-002").setup( { 2167 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 2168 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 2169 width: 300, 2170 height:205, 2171 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-002.flv", 2172 events:{ 2173 onComplete: function() { 2174 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 2175 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-002&Title=The Beginning Of A Training Day"; 2176 } 2177 } 2178 } ); 2179 2180 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 2181 </SCRIPT>
2181</TH></TR> 2182 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>The Beginning Of A Training Day</I></TH></TR> 2183 </TABLE></TH> 2184 <TH> </TH></TR> 2185</TABLE> 2186 2187<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2188<I>This second video of the 1st Cavalry Division preparing for a day of field 2189maneuver training was filmed in 1942 at Fort Bliss, Texas. This historic 2190document begins with the troopers leaving the stable barns carrying their 2191saddles, saddle blankets and saddle bags. The troopers prepared for a long, 2192strenuous, training day starting with tending their horses in the stable yards 2193and carefully saddling them and adjusting equipment straps. Mounted, they 2194assemble in an orderly formation of a column of twos. As they move toward the 2195assembly area of the parade grounds, the street background scenes provide a 2196brief look and the barracks and base housing with trees and mountains in the 2197horizon.</P> 2198 2199<P> 2200<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2201Assembling on the parade grounds, the mounted troops move out toward the 2202surrounding training areas of open desert terrain, closely followed by the 2203training supply, support vehicles and weapon carriers that will also 2204competitively participate in the field exercises. Passing by buildings and 2205the landmark water tower of Fort Bliss, the rough and rugged terrain of the 2206forever present Franklin Mountains are seen in the background.</I> 2207<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2208 2209<P> 2210<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2211<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2212 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 2213 <DIV id="player-003"></DIV></DIV> 2214
2214<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 2215 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 2216 2217 jwplayer("player-003").setup( { 2218 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 2219 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 2220 width: 300, 2221 height:205, 2222 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-003.flv", 2223 events:{ 2224 onComplete: function() { 2225 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 2226 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-003&Title=Field Maneuver Training Exercises"; 2227 } 2228 } 2229 } ); 2230 2231 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 2232 </SCRIPT>
2232</TH></TR> 2233 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Field Maneuver Training Exercises</I></TH></TR> 2234 </TABLE></TH> 2235 <TH> </TH></TR> 2236</TABLE> 2237 2238<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2239<I>This third video of the 1st Cavalry Division conducting field manuever 2240training exercises is a continuation of the video clip above, was filmed in 2241the desert training grounds surrounding Fort Bliss, Texas. This historic 2242document begins with the troopers traversing the sagebrush laden, rugged, open 2243desert in a penetrating, galloping "group charge". Note that several of the 2244mounted troops are also leading, alongside, a pack mule that carries support 2245equipment and ammunition. This training exercise also included the integration 2246of jeeps, scout cars and weapons carriers in order to evaluate their ability 2247to maneuver rapidly over and through the rough desert terrain as well as the 2248mounted cavalry units.</I></P> 2249 2250<P> 2251<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2252Although the Division was anxious for immediate combat, its first wartime 2253mission was to continue border surveillance as a component of the Southern 2254Land Frontier and the Southern Defense Command. They patiently served on 2255border patrol and participated in the third 3rd Army LOUISIANA MANEUVERS which 2256were held near Mansfield, Louisiana from 04 August to 19 September, 1942.</P> 2257 2258<P> 2259<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2260Although the Louisiana maneuvers provided invaluable data on modernizing the 2261Regular Army, the nation was actually more vulnerable when the maneuvers ended 2262than it had been before they started. Even as the Army's two improvised Corps 2263sparred along the Calcasieu River, across the Atlantic ten German panzer 2264divisions spearheaded a stunning assault that shattered the French Army and 2265drove the British expeditionary force out of the continent.</P> 2266 2267<P> 2268<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2269However, even with the advantages of terrain mobility, the deployment of the 2270cavalry divisions proved to be a thorny problem. The cavalry units remained 2271unpopular with theater commanders because their horses and equipment required 2272shipping space and logistic support far more than that of other units. As a 2273result, the need for units in the Southwest Pacific led General McArthur to 2274accept the 1st Cavalry Division on the condition that they be dismounted.</P> 2275 2276<P> 2277<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2278<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2279 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-012.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2280 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>New Addition - Cavalry Scout Cars</I></TH></TR> 2281 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 2282</TABLE>
2282 2283 2284<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10"> 2285The period following the LOUISIANA MANEUVERS became an extension of field 2286exercises and unit testing which continued throughout the winter as rumors of 2287deployment possibilities circulated around the post. In February 1943 the 2288entire 1st Cavalry Division was alerted for an overseas assignment and it 2289began the historic transition to an Augmented Leg Infantry Division. In a 2290compressed schedule, the Division trained the troopers in a mobile environment 2291while beginning staging for movement to the Southwest Pacific theater as 2292infantry foot solders with the support of mechanized vehicles; tanks, armored 2293cars, trucks and scout cars.</P> 2294 2295<P> 2296<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2297In February 1943, the entire 1st Cavalry Division was alerted for an overseas 2298assignment. The 1st Cavalry Division was then converted with equipment as an 2299Augmented Leg Infantry Division. In the meantime, the troopers continued to 2300feed and water their horses until the Quartermaster assumed control of them. 2301Many of the proud cavalrymen would rather turn their stripes, bars, or stars 2302than trade in their saddles for a seat in any vehicle to become "cushion 2303pounders".<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2304 2305<P> 2306<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 2307<TR><TH>
2307<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 2308 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 2309 // Calculate Image Dimensions for full screen width presentation 2310 2311 var pageMargin = 10; // L & R margin space = 10px 2312 var borderWidth = 5; // Table border width = 5px 2313 var borderRidge = 1; // Border edge offset = 1px 2314 2315 if(typeof(window.innerWidth) == 'number') { 2316 // Non-IE 2317 tableWidth = window.innerWidth; 2318 } else if(document.documentElement && document.documentElement.clientWidth) { 2319 // IE 6+ in 'standards compliant mode' 2320 tableWidth = document.documentElement.clientWidth; 2321 } else if(document.body && document.body.clientWidth) { 2322 // IE 4 compatible 2323 tableWidth = document.body.clientWidth; 2324 } 2325 2326 var imageWidth = (tableWidth - 2*(pageMargin + borderWidth + borderRidge)); 2327 var swapWidth = imageWidth; 2328 var imageHeight = Math.round(0.3*imageWidth); // Height = 30% of imageWidth 2329 var swapHeight = imageHeight; 2330 2331 2332 function confirmation() { 2333 var dialog = "Click [____ OK ____] to zoom-in on invited guests." ; 2334 var response = confirm(dialog); 2335 if (response == true) { 2336 document.getElementById('image').src="i_op-027.jpg" ; 2337 document.getElementById('image').width="600" ; 2338 document.getElementById('image').height="400" ; 2339 } 2340 } 2341 2342 function dismountCeremony() { 2343 document.getElementById('image').src="i_op-026.jpg" ; 2344 document.getElementById('image').width=swapWidth ; 2345 document.getElementById('image').height=swapHeight ; 2346 } 2347
2348 // document.write('<img id="image" src="i_op-026.jpg" '); 2349 // document.write('onMouseover="confirmation()" '); 2350 // document.write('onMouseout="dismountCeremony()" width='+ imageWidth +' height='+ imageHeight +' /> '); 2351 2352 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 2353 </SCRIPT>
2353</TH></TR> 2354<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1st Cavalry Division Dismount Ceremony, Ft. Bliss, Texas</I></TH></TR> 2355</TABLE></P> 2356 2357<P> 2358<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2359<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2360 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-025.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2361 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I1>Legacy of the Cavalry</I></TH></TR> 2362 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 2363</TABLE> 2364 2365<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2366On 28 February, each of the Mounted Regiments, 5th, 7th, 8th and 12th Cavalry 2367held a dismount ceremony before they were stripped of their horses and with 2368mixed emotions, began the process of turning in horses, saddles, and bridles. 2369Rather than return the horses to the remount stations, the majority of them 2370were auctioned, at bargain prices, to owners of the large ranches around the 2371El Paso area. For many years following the end of WWII - many of the cavalry 2372horses, identifiable by the Preston Brand (on the left shoulder), were still 2373serving out their duty to the ranchers.</P> 2374 2375<P> 2376<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2377In June the overseas deployment from Ft. Bliss, Texas to Camp Stoneman, 2378California was made in two echelons. The first body, elements of the 5th and 23797th Cavalry Regiments, and the 8th Engineer Combat Squadron would be followed 2380by the remaining units of the main body of the Division. At the time of 2381deployment. no one would have ever thought that it would be twenty-eight years 2382before the Dvision would return to the United States. During the long 2383departure of the 1st Cavalry Division, it was deployed for engagement in the 2384following campaigns:<UL> 2385 2386 <LI>WW-II South PacificCampaigns 1943 - 1945 2387 2388 <LI>Occupation Of Japan 1945 - 1950 2389 2390 <LI>Korean War 1950 - 1951 2391 2392 <LI>Return To Japan 1951 - 1957 2393 2394 <LI>Demilitarized Zone - Korea 1957 - 1965 2395 2396 <LI>Ft. Benning, GA - Airmobile 1965 2397 2398 <LI>Vietnam 1965 - 1972</UL></P> 2399 2400<P> 2401<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2402On 26 March 1971, the First Team struck their "colors" at a Stand Down 2403Ceremony at Bein Hoa marking their departure of the 1st Cavalry Division from 2404Vietnam. With the simple but brief ceremony highlighted by the 1st Cavalry 2405Division Band and the bright colors, their tour of duty came to a close. After 2406sixty-six months "in country" and continuously in combat, the First Team and 2407left the 3rd Brigade (Separate) to carry on. The new home base of the 1st 2408Cavalry Division was designated to be located at Ft. Hood, Texas, not Ft. 2409Bliss, Texas, their organizational home base.</P> 2410 2411<P> 2412<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2413Ft. Hood, Texas had begun its own long history beginning on 15 January 1942, 2414when the War Department announced that a camp, to be a permanent station of 2415the Tank Destroyer and Firing Center, would be built in the vicinity of 2416Killeen, Texas. Orders were issued for the Real Estate Branch of the Engineer 2417Corps to acquire 10,800 acres of land northwest of Killeen. On 17 February 24181942, the Army announced that the camp would be named Camp Hood in honor of 2419General John Bell Hood, the "Fighting General" of the famous "Texas Brigade" 2420of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, who was later Commanding General 2421of the Confederate Army of Tennessee.</P> 2422 2423<P> 2424<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2425On 05 May 1971, the colors of the 1st Cavalry Division, minus those of the 3rd 2426Brigade (Separate), were moved from Vietnam to Ft. Hood, Texas and were passed 2427to the commander of the former 1st Armored Division, Major General James C. 2428Smith. After twenty-seven years of outstanding dedicated service, hardships 2429and service overseas, the major organizational units of the 1st Cavalry 2430Division were relocated back in the state of Texas where it had been organized 2431a half century before.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2432 2433<P> 2434<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH=100% ALIGN="CENTER"> 2435<TR><TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" AL
2435IGN="LEFT"> 2436 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-013.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2437 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>TRICAP Ceremony - 05 May, 1971</I></TH></TR> 2438 </TABLE></TD> 2439 <TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT"> 2440 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-014.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2441 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Division Headquarters - 1971</I></TH></TR> 2442 </TABLE></TD></TR> 2443</TABLE><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2444 2445<P> 2446<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2447In mid June 1972, the stand-down ceremony for the 3rd Brigade (Separate) was 2448held in Bein Hoa, Vietnam and their colors were returned to the United States. 2449The last trooper left from Tan Son Nhut on 26 June, completing the Division 2450recall which had started on 05 May 1971. With the 3rd Brigade completing its 2451withdrawal, the 1st Cavalry had become the first US Army Division to go to 2452Vietnam and the last to leave.</P> 2453 2454<P> 2455<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2456On 21 February 1975, with the conclusion of the TRICAP test evaluations, the 24571st Cavalry Division was once again reorganized, becoming the newest armored 2458division in the Army. In the organizational structure of "armor", the Division 2459was deployed overseas for four major Operations; the Persian Gulf War, 2460Operations DESERT SHIELD and DESERT STORM 1990 - 1991; the United Nations 2461Bosnia peacekeeping mission, Operation JOINT FORGE 1998 - 1999; the Southwest 2462Asia for preparation and participation in the invasion of Iraq, Operation 2463ENDURING FREEDOM 2003 and the occupation of Iraq, Operation IRAQI FREEDOM II 24642004 - 2005. Following each of these deployments, changes in the tactical 2465organizations and supporting equipments of the Division were made to improve 2466its mission performance ability.</P> 2467 2468<P> 2469<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2470A second interval of fourty years (18 October 2005) passed before a 1st 2471Cavalry Division unit was stationed at Ft. Bliss, Texas. In tyhis time period 2472the Division was deployed for engagement in the following campaigns:<UL> 2473 2474 <LI>Persain Gulf War - 1990 - 1991 2475 2476 <LI>Desert Peacekeeping 1992 - 2000 2477 2478 <LI>Bosnia Peacekeeping 1998 - 1999 2479 2480 <LI>Enduring Freedom 2001 2481 2482 <LI>Iraqi Freedom I 2003 2483 2484 <LI>Iraqi Transion 2003 - 2005 2485 2486 <LI>Iraqi Freedom II 2003 - 2005</UL><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2487 2488<P> 2489<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2490<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2491 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-024.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2492 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1st Cavalry Division Returns To Bliss</I></TH></TR> 2493 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 2494</TABLE>
2494 2495 2496<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2497Upon its return from Operation IRAQI FREEDOM II in 2005, the 1st Cavalry 2498Division was reorganized and aligned into the new Modular Force of the Army 2499structure. With limited expansion areas for forces at Ft. Hood, Texas an 2500element of the Division - <I>the 4th Brigade Combat Team</I> was organized and 2501activated in a ceremony at Noel Field, Ft. Bliss, Texas on 18 November 2005, 2502celebrating the return of the Division to western Texas sixty-two years after 2503its overseas deployment to the Pacific Theater in World War II. A major reason 2504for enabling the remote relocation of the Brigade is that the structure and 2505organizational capability of the new brigades allows them to be deployed as a 2506single, self sustaining, combat unit that replicates the war-fighting 2507capabilities of the Division on a somewhat smaller scale.</P> 2508 2509<P> 2510<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2511In celebration, the Horse Cavalry Detachment of the 1st Cavalry Division, with 2512sabers raised high and pistols blazing in a traditional charge, concluded the 2513ceremony with a reenactment of the famous "Cavalry Charge" across the field 2514that was named in 1928 after Lt. Paul A. Noel, 1st Armored Cavalry Troop, 82nd 2515Field Artillery Battalion, a famed polo player, who learned his skill as a 2516horseman while in the 1st Cavalry Division. <I>The cavalry had come home 2517!!</I> The 4th Brigade Combat Team remained remotely located at Ft. Bliss 2518until 2008 when it returned from its second deployment to Iraq and was 2519reunited with the Division at Ft. Hood, Texas.</P> 2520 2521<P> 2522<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2523On 07 July 2006, in anticipation of redeployment to Iraq for Operation IRAQI 2524FREEDOM IV, the 15th Support Brigade Sustainment Brigade (SB) and their 2525Special Troops Battalion (STB) cased their colors in a ceremony at the parade 2526grounds of Coopers Field, Ft. Hood, Texas. Their departure, on 29 July, marked 2527the start of the scheduled return of the Division to Iraq over the coming 2528months which culminated on 15 November, when the 1st Cavalry Division took the 2529reigns for the Multi-National Division in a Transfer Of Authority Ceremony at 2530Camp Liberty in Baghdad, Iraq. In order to accommodate the accelerated 2531build-up of troops in Iraq ("the surge"), the deployment of Operation IRAQI 2532FREEDOM IV, which was originally planned to be for one year, was extended to a 2533total of 15 months in the combat zone. During the deployment, with an influx 2534of the Division's resources on the ground patrolling the streets, bomb attacks 2535decreased 73 percent as well as the number of explosive devices identified and 2536detected before they could detonate and cause causalities.</P> 2537 2538<P> 2539<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2540On Wednesday, 27 February 2008, having completed their Transfer Of Authority 2541for operations in northern Iraq to the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment, returned 2542to Ft. Bliss and refreshed from their block leaves, thousands of the 4th 2543Combat Brigade Team, 1st Cavalry Division Troops marched through the downtown 2544streets of El Paso, Texas. in a "Welcome Home Heroes Parade". 2545<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2546 2547<P> 2548<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 2549<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-015.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="400"></TH></TR> 2550<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>4th Brigade Combat Team Marches Through Downtown El Paso</I></TH></TR> 2551</TABLE>
2551</P> 2552 2553<P> 2554<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2555The majority of the operations of the 4th Combat Brigade were in northwestern 2556Nineveh Province of Iraq. However, some of the soldiers served in the Iraq 2557capital city of Baghdad. They had deployed to Iraq in November 2006 and after 255814 months, the last soldiers returned the day before Christmas, 2007.</P> 2559 2560<P> 2561<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2562Capitalizing on the "Lessons Learned" from the most recent deployment in Iraq, 2563several constitutional changes were studied, considered and implemented in the 2564retraining processes of each unit in order to be more prepared and ready when 2565called for their next deployment. In an accelerated effort all of the changes 2566were incorporated by mid year and on 23 June 2008, approximately 200 Soldiers 2567of the advance staging party, 4th "Long Knife" Brigade Combat Team, 1st 2568Cavalry Division arrived at Tallil Airbase, Iraq to begin their 15-month 2569deployment in support of Operation IRAQ - VI (Rotation 08-10).</P> 2570 2571<P> 2572<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2573On 01 May 2009, the 1st Air Cavalry Brigade, the last Brigade of the 1st 2574Cavalry Division closed out its deployment departure schedule in support of 2575Operation IRAQ - VI (Rotation 08-10).</P> 2576 2577<P> 2578<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2579However it was not long before Ft. Hood began to be repopulated with returning 25801st Cavalry members as soon as 04 May, the "Torch Party" of almost 30 from the 25815th Battalion, 82nd Field Artillery, 4th Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry 2582Division, began their rotation of return deployments as they came back to 2583hundreds of cheering family members, fellow Soldiers and other guests at 2584Cameron Field, located near the 4th ID Headquarters.</P> 2585 2586<P> 2587<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 25880n 13 January 2010, the 1st Cavalry Division closed out its responsibilities 2589of Operation IRAQ - VI (Rotation 08-10), formally "Multi-National Division 2590Forces - West and Baghdad" by executing a Transfer Of Authority to the 2591commander of the incoming division (now designated as "USD - Center") of 2592control, the 1st Armored Division. The next day, 14 January, the flight of the 2593trail party of the 1st Cavalry Division Headquarters Soldiers arrived at Ft. 2594Hood, Texas and as they gathered at the homecoming ceremony at Coopers Field 2595to greet their family and friends, the Colors of the 1st Cavalry Division were 2596uncased, signifying the return of the Division from the combat operations of 2597Operation IRAQ - VI (Rotation 08-10).<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2598 2599<P> 2600<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 2601<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-016.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="240"></TH></TR> 2602<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1st Cavalry Division Uncases Its Colors On A Rainy And Cold Evening</I></TH></TR> 2603</TABLE>
2603</P> 2604 2605<P> 2606<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2607On 17 March, the advanced party of the 1st Air Cavalry Brigade, the last 2608organizational unit of the 1st Cavalry Division scheduled to leave 2609IRAQ - VI (Rotation 08-10), began its return to Ft. Hood as 150 soldiers were 2610welcomed back from Iraq at Cooper Field. Soldiers from across the Brigade made 2611up the advance party that will prepare for the arrival of the rest of the 2612Brigade in April.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2613 2614<P> 2615<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 261601 September, 2010 marked the official end to Operation IRAQI FREEDOM and 2617combat operations by United States forces in Iraq. The transition to Operation 2618NEW DAWN. During Operation NEW DAWN, the remaining 50,000 US service members 2619serving in Iraq will conduct stability operations, focusing on advising, 2620assisting and training Iraqi Security Forces (ISF). Operation NEW DAWN, 2621a compromise of the Republican and Democrat Parties to vacate the Iraqi 2622operation by mid 2010, also represents a shift from a predominantly military 2623US presence to one that is predominantly civilian, as the Departments of 2624Defense and State work together with governmental and non-governmental 2625agencies to help build Iraq s civil capacity.</P> 2626 2627<P> 2628<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH=100% ALIGN="CENTER"> 2629<TR><TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2630 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-017.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2631 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>"Long Knives" Stand In Formation</I></TH></TR> 2632 </TABLE></TD> 2633 <TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT"> 2634 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-018.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2635 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>4th Brigade Cases Its Colors</I></TH></TR> 2636 </TABLE></TD></TR> 2637</TABLE>
2637<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2638 2639<P> 2640<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2641Also on 01 September, in a symbolic ceremony that took place for the 4th 2642Combat Team - 1st Calvary Division held their colors casing ceremony at Ft. 2643Hood for the beginning of an historic mission that will start as they deploy 2644this month in support of Operation NEW DAWN. The 4th Brigade will be the first 2645unit of the 1st Cavalry Division to leave specifically in support of the new 2646mission.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2647 2648<P> 2649<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 2650<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-019.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2651<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1st Cavalry TOA In Afghanistan</I></TH></TR> 2652</TABLE></P> 2653 2654<P> 2655<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2656On 19 May, 2011, in continuing to expand its role in the mid-eastern theater 2657of operations, the 1st Cavalry Division unfurled the unit's new colors in a 2658transfer of authority ceremony with the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) 2659on Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan. During a pivotal time in the war on terror 2660and in Afghanistan s history, The command authority of the Regional Command 2661East shifted from Combined Joint Task Force-101 to CJTF-1.</P> 2662 2663<P> 2664<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2665The new mission of the 1st Cavalry Division takes the control of eight US, 2666French and Polish task forces and 14 provinces that, combined, provide safety 2667and security in an area populated by approximately 7.5 million Afghans. The 2668Area of Command consists of 43,000 square miles and shares 450 miles of border 2669with Pakistan.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2670 2671<P> 2672<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH=100% ALIGN="CENTER"> 2673<TR><TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2674 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-020.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2675 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Long Knives Begin Iraq Return</I></TH></TR> 2676 </TABLE></TD> 2677 <TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT"> 2678 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-021.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2679 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>2nd Echelon Of 4th Brigade Returns</I></TH></TR> 2680 </TABLE></TD></TR> 2681</TABLE>
2681<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2682 2683<P> 2684<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2685(Upper Left) On 17 August, in the first flight of 4th Brigade, 1st Cavalry 2686Division, more than 150 soldiers arrived at Robert Gray Army Airfield, 2687signaling the conclusion of their year long deployment to Iraq. These 2688soldiers, an advance party of troopers from units across the Brigade, were 2689home to help the rear detachment prepare for the return of their peers. After 2690greetings, some paperwork and checking in weapons, they were welcomed home in 2691a ceremony held at Cooper Field.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2692 2693<P> 2694<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2695(Upper Right) On 25 August, more that 200 Soldiers from the 4th Brigade, 1st 2696Cavalry Division arrived at the Robert Gray Army Airfield at Ft. Hood after a 2697year long deployment to Iraq. The Squadron was stationed in Mosul, working 2698with the Iraqi army at the Al Ghuzlani Training Center. The flight marked the 2699second battalion within the Brigade to uncase its colors and return home.</P> 2700 2701<P> 2702<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2703On 06 September, Soldiers, mostly from the 1st Squadron, 9th Cavalry Regiment 2704were greeted with a hug from Elizabeth Laird, Ft. Hood's Hug Lady, and checked 2705in their weapons. From there, soldiers were bused to Cooper Field, where family 2706and friends awaited them. During a colorful ceremony, the 4th Advise and 2707Assist Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division uncased its colors. The uncasing ceremony 2708marked the official stateside return of the 4th AAB, 1st Cavalry Division, 2709"Long Knife" Brigade after a year long deployment to Iraq in support of 2710Operation New Dawn.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2711 2712<P> 2713<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 2714<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-022.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2715<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Back In Loving Hands</I></TH></TR> 2716</TABLE>
2716</P> 2717 2718<P> 2719<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2720On 29 October, a flight from Kuwait brought home 55 soldiers, in what is known 2721as the advanced party, from the various battalions in the 3rd (Greywolf) 2722Brigade. Approximately another 1,200 will follow in the coming week, and the 2723entire Brigade is estimated to be back by the end of the year. This group is 2724the first personnel from three brigades that the 1st Cavalry Division will 2725bring home early from Iraq, alongside several other units across Ft. Hood. In 2726total, about 12,000 Ft. Hood soldiers will be returning home over the next two 2727and a half months.</P> 2728 2729<P> 2730<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2731On 02 November, just shy of a year-long deployment in Iraq, the "Warhorse" 2732Soldiers with the 3rd Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division 2733made their final stop at Ft, Hood and rightfully saying "mission complete." 2734The excitement and anticipation could be felt all over Cooper Field as 2735families reunited with one another after months of waiting.</P> 2736 2737<P> 2738<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2739Although the deployment of "Warhorse" Soldiers may have been long, it ended 2740with the Iraqi forces patrolling their own streets. Halfway through the unit's 2741deployment, they had to begin considering plans for the year-end draw-down. As 2742the Iraqi forces conducted more of their own operations, the Warhorse Soldiers 2743and command were allowed to concentrate more on redeploying. While this group 2744of Warhorse Soldiers begin their reintegration process at home, the command 2745will continue to work on bringing everyone else home before the beginning of 2746the new year.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2747 2748<P> 2749<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 2750<TR><TH><IMG SRC="11-11-11.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="100"></TH></TR> 2751<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>11 November - Veterans' Day</I></TH></TR> 2752</TABLE>
2752</P> 2753 2754<P> 2755<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 275611 November marks the anniversary of the end of World War I hostilities of the 2757Allied Nations and Germany. They signed the terms of armistice at the 11th 2758hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918. The anniversary date is also, 2759by Congressional action, the day that we give thanks, respect and honor to all 2760veterans for their service to the United States of America. 2761<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2762 2763<P> 2764<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 2765<TR><TH><DIV id="player-011" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 2766 <DIV id="player-011"></DIV></DIV> 2767
2767<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 2768 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 2769 2770 jwplayer("player-011").setup( { 2771 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 2772 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 2773 width: 300, 2774 height:205, 2775 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-011.flv", 2776 events:{ 2777 onComplete: function() { 2778 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 2779 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-011&Title=We Honor Our Military Forces"; 2780 } 2781 } 2782 } ); 2783 2784 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 2785 </SCRIPT>
2785</TH></TR> 2786<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>We Honor Our Military Forces</I></TH></TR> 2787</TABLE></P> 2788 2789 2790<P> 2791<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2792On 27 November, the 1st Battalion, 5th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Brigade, 1st 2793Cavalry Division returned from its fourth deployment to Iraq and uncased its 2794colors on Cooper Field. The battalion deployed in May to northern Iraq, 2795knowing they could be one of the last units to leave the country and that the 2796mission could change.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2797 2798<P> 2799<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2800<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2801 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-028.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2802 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>A Date "which will live in infamy,"</I></TH></TR> 2803 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 2804</TABLE> 2805 2806 2807<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 280807 December, 2012 marks the 71st anniversary of the date "which will live in 2809infamy." There was a moment of silence in Hawaii (and in other locations) at 28107:55 AM to remember the 2,390 Americans who died when Japan attacked Pearl 2811Harbor. While Americans have remembered this day with solemn tributes since 28121941, Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day became an official national day of 2813remembrance in 1994.</P> 2814 2815<P> 2816<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2817It was 7:55 AM local time when the attack began - a strike that would push 2818America into World War II. As explosions sounded and battleships burned, brave 2819service members fought back fiercely with everything they could find. Unknown 2820among these selfless individuals, the sacrifices endured on that infamous day 2821would galvanize America and come to symbolize the mettle of a generation. 2822Taken by surprise, the base was bombarded for two hours, leaving more than 28232,000 Americans dead, eight battleships destroyed and the course of American 2824and world history changed forever.</P> 2825 2826<P> 2827<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2828In response to this hostile action, President Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed 2829the Congress and delivered his <I>"a day which will live in infamy"</I> war 2830message. The following day, Congress declared war on Japan and the United 2831States entered World War II. In the wake of the bombing of Pearl Harbor and 2832the crippling of our Pacific Fleet, there were those who declared the United 2833States had been reduced to a third-class power. But rather than break the 2834spirit of our Nation, the attack brought Americans together and fortified our 2835resolve. Patriots across our country answered the call to defend our way of 2836life at home and abroad. They crossed oceans and stormed beaches, freeing 2837millions from the grip of tyranny and proving that our military is the 2838greatest force for liberty and security the world has ever known. 2839<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2840 2841<P> 2842<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2843<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2844 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-030.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 2845 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>2nd BCT Uncases Colors</I></TH></TR> 2846 </TABLE></TH><TH> </TH></TR> 2847</TABLE>
2847 2848 2849<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2850On 15 December, exactly eight months to the day they cased their colors, 2851Soldiers with the 2nd "Black Jack" Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division 2852assembled again on Cooper Field and uncased their colors, marking one of the 2853last units to leave Iraq in support of Operation New Dawn and allowing 2854Soldiers to be home just in time for the holidays. The Brigade had operated 2855primarily in the Northern Iraqi Joint Operations area.</P> 2856 2857<P> 2858<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2859The morning homecoming and ceremony on Cooper Field marked the return of the 2860Brigade from its fourth and final deployment to Iraq and its return to a 2861brigade combat team from an advise and assist brigade. Being home for the 2862holidays came as a surprise to the Black Jack Soldiers. They didn't know until 2863a couple of weeks ago that they would be back before the Christmas holiday, 2864and they were very fortunate everything worked out just right.</P> 2865 2866<P> 2867<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2868Many Black Jack Soldiers agreed that being one of the last units to leave 2869their footprint in Iraq made their numerous deployment rotations, loss of
2870comrades and countless holidays away from loved ones well worth it.<P> 2871 2872<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"> 2873<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"> 2874Last Unit to Leave Iraq, the 3rd Brigade, Returns to Ft. Hood. - December 2011 2875<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"></H3> 2876 2877<P> 2878<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2879On 21 December, the 3rd Brigade Special Troops Battalion, the last Army unit 2880to leave Iraq last Saturday night, had been stationed at Contingency Operating 2881Base Adder, which was the last base to close. Now in white buses, the 3rd 2882Brigade Soldiers, were being driven the route from Robert Gray Army Airfield 2883to Cooper Field in an atmosphere of excitement coupled with exhaustion that 2884filled the vehicles. Completing the trip in about 20 minutes, the white buses 2885turned onto Battalion Avenue and soldiers stared silently out the windows at 2886the cheering crowds - their voices muffled by the windows and the engines of 2887the buses.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 2888 2889<P> 2890<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2891<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2892 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 2893 <DIV id="player-004"></DIV></DIV> 2894
2894<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 2895 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 2896 2897 jwplayer("player-004").setup( { 2898 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 2899 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 2900 width: 300, 2901 height:205, 2902 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-004.flv", 2903 events:{ 2904 onComplete: function() { 2905 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 2906 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-004&Title=3rd Brigade At Khabari-Crossing"; 2907 } 2908 } 2909 } ); 2910 2911 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 2912 </SCRIPT>
2912</TH></TR> 2913 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>3rd Brigade At Khabari-Crossing</I></TH></TR> 2914 </TABLE></TH> 2915 <TH> </TH></TR> 2916</TABLE> 2917 2918<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2919<I>This is a video of the last convoy of heavily armored personnel carriers, 2920known as Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAPs) vehicles, of the 3rd Advise 2921and Assist Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division. They had left the staging base at 2922Camp Adder in southern Iraq in Sunday's early hours. No formal "exit 2923ceremony" was given as they slipped out under cover of darkness and strict 2924secrecy to prevent any final attacks. The 500 soldiers didn't even tell their 2925Iraqi comrades on the base they were leaving.</P> 2926 2927<P> 2928The film clip begins as they were preparing to leave Iraq and enter Camp 2929Virginia, Kuwait through the Khabari-Crossing that has been the gateway for 2930the passage of troops, equipment, and supplies, between Iraq and Kuwait during 2931Operation Iraqi Freedom as well as Operation New Dawn.</P> 2932 2933<P> 2934<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2935The movement of the 3rd Brigade, as the last unit to redeploy out of Iraq, 2936symbolizes the closing of a mission spanning nearly a decade. This last unit 2937to pass through the Khabari-Crossing played an essential role in Iraq since 2938the start of Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq in 2003. The Gray Wolf Brigade 2939was there at the beginning of the mission and now, as Operation New Dawn ends, 2940they will be a part of history in the making - and, in their legacy, will see 2941the mission to the very end.</I></P> 2942 2943<P> 2944<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2945Before "charging" to their loved ones, the Special Troops Battalion and 3rd 2946Brigade uncased their colors, officially marking their return to Ft. Hood. As 2947the soldiers marched onto Cooper Field, family and friends cheered and waved 2948homemade banners, one even offering a marriage proposal.</P> 2949 2950<P> 2951<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2952Near the end of the deployment, Greywolf was responsible for securing a 220 2953miles stretch of the International Highway, which ran north to south and was 2954traveled by other units leaving Iraq through Kuwait. The biggest challenge of 2955the mission hit within the last 60 days. Tough decisions had to be made while 2956balancing risk and force protection with continuing the mission.</P> 2957 2958<P> 2959<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2960Even though Greywolf will be remembered as the last brigade to leave, no 2961matter when or where in Iraq a soldier deployed over the last eight and a half 2962years, they are proud of their contribution.</P> 2963 2964<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"> 2965<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"> 2966Advanced Party "Hq & Hq Bn" Return from Afghanistan. - February 2012 2967<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"></H3> 2968 2969<P> 2970<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2971On 24 February a small group (approximately 55) of advanced party members of 2972Headquarters and Headquarters Battalion, 1st Cavalry Division, dressed in the 2973darker Army combat uniforms made for Afghanistan symbolizing "the promise of 2974greater things to come" following the "first, historic deployment of the 1st 2975Cavalry Division to Afghanistan." In its mission, the 1st Cavalry Division 2976has the lead position in guiding the coalition forces and civilian entities 2977that compose Combined Joint Task Force-1 in the country's Regional 2978Command-East, headquartered at Bagram Airbase.</P> 2979 2980<P> 2981<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2982More troops are expected at the end of March, with most expected home in 2983April. The soldiers who arrived Friday left shortly before a rash of riots 2984erupted across the country in response to the inadvertent burning of Qurans at 2985the airbase Monday evening. The Public Affairs director for the regional 2986command, indicated that "all remaining 1st Cavalry Division soldiers "are safe 2987and indeed accounted for in Eastern Afghanistan." Afghan security forces are 2988providing security outside Bagram's gates and talking to local leaders to 2989maintain a calm environment.<BR CLEAR-"ALL"></P> 2990 2991<P> 2992<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" AL
2992IGN="CENTER"> 2993<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-033.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="370"></TH></TR> 2994<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1st Cavalry Division Begins Return From Afghanistan</I></TH></TR> 2995</TABLE></P> 2996 2997<P> 2998<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 2999On 06 April, a second group of advance party Soldiers from the 1st Cavalry 3000Division arrived home after a yearlong deployment in Afghanistan with the 3001mission of supporting Operation Enduring Freedom XII. While deployed, the 3002First Team was in charge of Regional Command - East and the 31,000 Coalition 3003Forces Soldiers within it.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 3004 3005<P> 3006<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH=100% ALIGN="CENTER"> 3007<TR><TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3008 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-034.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 3009 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Preparing Division Colors For Casing</I></TH></TR> 3010 </TABLE></TD> 3011 3012 <TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT"> 3013 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 3014 <DIV id="player-008"></DIV></DIV> 3015
3015<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 3016 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 3017 3018 jwplayer("player-008").setup( { 3019 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 3020 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 3021 width: 300, 3022 height:205, 3023 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-008.flv", 3024 events:{ 3025 onComplete: function() { 3026 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 3027 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-008&Title=Transfer Of Authority In Afghanistan"; 3028 } 3029 } 3030 } ); 3031 3032 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 3033 </SCRIPT>
3033</TH></TR> 3034 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>Transfer Of Authority In Afghanistan</I></TH></TR> 3035 </TABLE></TH></TR> 3036</TABLE><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 3037 3038<P> 3039<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3040On 19 April, the Headquarters Battalion, 1st Cavalry Division transferred the 3041Authority for the Afghanistan Regional Command - East to the 1st Infantry 3042Division in a ceremony at Bagram Airfield which closed out an eventful 3043deployment for the Headquarters Battalion, 1st Calvary Division, which is 3044heading back to Fort Hood, Texas soon. For the last year, the unit has 3045overseen day-to-day operations in eastern Afghanistan, a highly complex 3046region of 14 provinces that included the capital Kabul as well 450 miles of 3047border with Pakistan.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 3048 3049<P> 3050<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH=100% ALIGN="CENTER"> 3051<TR><TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3052 <TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-035.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="300" HEIGHT="200"></TH></TR> 3053 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1CD Uncasing The Division Colors</I></TH></TR> 3054 </TABLE></TD> 3055 3056 <TD><TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="RIGHT"> 3057 <TR><TH><DIV id="jwplayer" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 3058 <DIV id="player-009"></DIV></DIV> 3059
3059<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 3060 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 3061 3062 jwplayer("player-009").setup( { 3063 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 3064 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 3065 width: 300, 3066 height:205, 3067 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-009.flv", 3068 events:{ 3069 onComplete: function() { 3070 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 3071 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-009&Title=1CD Return and Uncasing The Colors"; 3072 } 3073 } 3074 } ); 3075 3076 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 3077 </SCRIPT>
3077</TH></TR> 3078 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1CD Return and Uncasing The Colors<I></TH></TR> 3079 </TABLE></TH></TR> 3080</TABLE><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 3081 3082<P> 3083<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3084On 20 April, a significant homecoming took place at Fort Hood as the colors of 3085the 1st Cavalry Division returned home amid a few brewing storm clouds and 3086some drizzle, allowing the symbolic uncasing of the colors of the Division. 3087Since 2003, soldiers from the 1st Cavalry have been deployed to western Asia 3088five times.</P> 3089 3090<P> 3091<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3092The return of the 1st Cavalry Command Staff, 30 members strong, may be have 3093been small in number, but the emotional family reunions made for a big day. 3094The main body of the 1st Cavalry started the returned to Fort Hood last week. 3095There are still a few more soldiers from the Division waiting to come home as 3096the Air Calvary is still in Afghanistan and preparing for their Transfer of 3097Authority and redeployment home along with and the 1st Brigade remaining in 3098Kuwait. The entire Division should be back at Ft. Hood by the end of summer 3099allowing them to reconstitute personnel and modernize equipment and start the 3100next leg of their long, classified (at this time) journey.<BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 3101 3102<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"> 3103<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"> 3104Advanced Party 1st Air Cavalry Brigade Returns From Iraq. - May17 2012 3105<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"></H3> 3106 3107<P> 3108<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 3109<TR><TH><IMG SRC="i_op-036.jpg" BORDER="0" WIDTH="600" HEIGHT="370"></TH></TR> 3110<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1st Air Cavalry Begins Begin Return From Iraq</I></TH></TR> 3111</TABLE>
3111</P> 3112 3113<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3114On 17 May, after being gone for a year, the first group of Soldiers of the 1st 3115Air Cavalry Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division came home to a sunny Fort Hood 3116evening, as 150 soldiers were welcomed back from Iraq at Cooper Field. 3117Soldiers from 1st Air Cavalry Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division were welcomed home 3118by American flag wielding Families and friends at Cooper Field.</P> 3119 3120<P> 3121<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3122The Brigade replaced the 4th Infantry Division's Combat Aviation Brigade on 02 3123June 2011 at Camp Taji, Iraq. It was the second time the Fort Hood-based units 3124exchanged places at Camp Taji. Soldiers from across the brigade made up the 3125advance party that will prepare for the rest of the brigade's arrival starting 3126in mid-April. It will take about two weeks to bring all of the brigade back 3127from Iraq.</P> 3128 3129<HR> 3130 3131<P> 3132<TABLE BGCOLOR="000000" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" Width="100%" ALIGN="CENTER"> 3133<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="000000" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 3134 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="000000"><FONT COLOR="FFD500" SIZE="4"> Continuing To Build On Their Heritage, America's First Team Moves On! </FONT></TH></TR> 3135 </TABLE></TH></TR> 3136<TR><TH>
3136<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 3137 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 3138 // Calculate Image Dimensions for full screen width presentation 3139 3140 var pageMargin = 10; // L & R margin space = 10px 3141 var borderWidth = 5; // Table border width = 5px 3142 var borderRidge = 1; // Border edge offset = 1px 3143 3144 if(typeof(window.innerWidth) == 'number') { 3145 // Non-IE 3146 tableWidth = window.innerWidth; 3147 } else if(document.documentElement && document.documentElement.clientWidth) { 3148 // IE 6+ in 'standards compliant mode' 3149 tableWidth = document.documentElement.clientWidth; 3150 } else if(document.body && document.body.clientWidth) { 3151 // IE 4 compatible 3152 tableWidth = document.body.clientWidth; 3153 } 3154 3155 var imageWidth = (tableWidth - 2*(pageMargin + borderWidth + borderRidge)); 3156 imageHeight = Math.round(0.1*imageWidth); // Height = 10% of imageWidth 3157
3158 document.write('<OBJECT classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,0,0" WIDTH='+ imageWidth +' HEIGHT='+ imageHeight +' id="http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/SWF_Ext/I_OP-Video-001.swf" ALIGN="">'); 3159 document.write('<PARAM NAME=movie VALUE="http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/SWF_Ext/I_OP-Video-001.swf">'); 3160 document.write('<PARAM NAME=quality VALUE=high>'); 3161 document.write('<PARAM NAME=bgcolor VALUE=#000000>'); 3162 document.write('<EMBED src="http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/SWF_Ext/I_OP-Video-001.swf" quality=high bgcolor=#000000 WIDTH='+ imageWidth +' HEIGHT='+ imageHeight +' NAME="http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/SWF_Ext/I_OP-Video-001.swf" ALIGN="" TYPE="application/x-shockwave-flash" PLUGINSPAGE="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></EMBED>'); 3163 document.write('</OBJECT>'); 3164 3165 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 3166 </SCRIPT>
3166</TH></TR> 3167<TR><TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="000000" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 3168 <TR><TH BGCOLOR="000000"><FONT COLOR="FFD500" SIZE="4"> Our Future Evolves From Our Heritage </FONT></TH></TR> 3169 </TABLE></TH></TR> 3170</TABLE></P> 3171 3172<P> 3173<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3174<I>The following video, taken at Camp Liberty and surrounding areas of Iraq, 3175briefly summaries the present role of the 1st Cavalry Division. Scenes include 3176the 1st Cavalry Division Color Guard marching with the Colors as well as a 3177montage of Troopers in recent actions and a film clip of Major Bruce P. 3178Crandall, A-229th Assault Helicopter Battalion, receiving the Congressional 3179Medal Of Honor from President Bush while the Division Band plays the "Star 3180Spangled Banner" in the background,</I><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 3181 3182<P> 3183<TABLE BGCOLOR="EEEDDD" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 3184<TR><TH><DIV id="player-005" CLASS="JWVideo" STYLE="background: transparent !important;"> 3185 <DIV id="player-005"></DIV></DIV> 3186
3186<SCRIPT Language="JavaScript"> 3187 <!-- Hide the script from other browsers 3188 3189 jwplayer("player-005").setup( { 3190 flashplayer: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Play_Ext/JWplayer/player.swf", 3191 image: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/Prologue/marquee.gif", 3192 width: 300, 3193 height:205, 3194 file: "http://www.first-team.us/AV_Media/FLV_Ext/I_OP-Video-005.flv", 3195 events:{ 3196 onComplete: function() { 3197 // 1.0 Link To Viedo Completion Response 3198 document.location = "http://www.first-team.us/js_files/flv_pgms/response.html?Name=I_OP-Video-005&Title=1st Cavalry Division Honor Guard"; 3199 } 3200 } 3201 } ); 3202 3203 // Stop hiding script from other browsers --> 3204 </SCRIPT>
3204</TH></TR> 3205<TR><TH BGCOLOR="FFD500"><I>1st Cavalry Division Honor Guard</I></TH></TR> 3206</TABLE></P> 3207 3208<HR> 3209 3210<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"> 3211<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"> 3212Mission of the Cavalry OutPost 3213<IMG SRC="star_1.gif" WIDTH="15" HEIGHT="15" ALIGN="TOP"></H3> 3214 3215<P> 3216<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3217The charter mission of the Cavalry OutPost © was, and still is, to search 3218continuously, conduct reconnaissance and document the activities of the past 3219and current elements of the 1st Cavalry Division and its future generations of 3220units that will follow. The subsequent sections of the OutPost WebSite starts 3221with the early days of the horse soldier regiments whose initial mission was 3222to protect the western movement of people and trade along the Northwest Oregon 3223and Southwest Santa Fe Trails and railroads and continues to the present day 3224organization and its worldwide operations.</P> 3225 3226<P> 3227<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3228Your are invited to enter the Cavalry OutPost to review a tableaux of the 3229history and operational accomplishments of the 1st Cavalry Division, also 3230know as "The First Team". To enter, just click on the OutPost image below.</P> 3231 3232<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT SIZE="4"> 3233 <A HREF="http://www.first-team.us/tableaux/"> 3234 OutPost © - Dakota Territory, circa 1832<BR> 3235 3236<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 3237<TR><TH><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="CENTER"> 3238 <TR><TH><A HREF="http://www.first-team.us/tableaux/"> 3239 <FONT SIZE="4"><I> "Click To Open" </FONT></I></A></TH></TR> 3240 3241 <TR><TH><A HREF="http://www.first-team.us/tableaux/"> 3242 <IMG SRC="blu_rght.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="96" HEIGHT="24"> 3243 </A></TH></TR> 3244 3245 <TR><TH><A HREF="http://www.first-team.us/tableaux/"> 3246 <FONT SIZE="4"><I> Outpost Entrance </FONT></I></A></TH></TR> 3247 </TABLE></TH> 3248 3249 <TH><TABLE BGCOLOR="FFD500" BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER"> 3250 <TR><TH STYLE="background-image: url(outpost-fort.gif); background-position: 50% 20%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"> 3251 <A HREF="http://www.first-team.us/tableaux/"> 3252 <IMG SRC="opengate.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="200" HEIGHT="225"></A></TH></TR> 3253 </TABLE></TH> 3254 3255 <TH>
3255<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" VAILGN="CENTER"> 3256 <TR><TH><A HREF="http://www.first-team.us/tableaux/"> 3257 <FONT SIZE="4"><I> "Click To Open" </I></FONT></A></TH></TR> 3258 3259 <TR><TH><A HREF="http://www.first-team.us/tableaux/"> 3260 <IMG SRC="blu_left.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="96" HEIGHT="24"> 3261 </A></TH></TR> 3262 3263 <TR><TH><A HREF="http://www.first-team.us/tableaux/"> 3264 <FONT SIZE="4"><I> Outpost Entrance </FONT></I></A></TH></TR> 3265 </TABLE></TH></TR> 3266</TABLE> 3267 Painted by Frederick Behman<BR> 3268 of the<BR> 3269 Chouteau Fur Trading Company</A></FONT><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 3270 3271 3272<!--[if IE]> 3273<P> 3274<TABLE BORDER="5" BORDERCOLORDARK="000000" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="FFD500" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="5" ALIGN="CENTER"> 3275<TR><TH ROWSPAN="2"><IMG SRC="bookmark.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="75" HEIGHT="75"></TH> 3276 <TH COLSPAN="2"> Cavalry OutPost Bookmark © </TH> 3277 <TH ROWSPAN="2"><IMG SRC="bookmark.gif" BORDER="0" WIDTH="75" HEIGHT="75"></TH></TR> 3278<TR><TH><SPAN STYLE="cursor: hand" 3279 onClick="this.style.behavior='url(#default#homepage)';this.setHomePage(location.href);"><FONT SIZE="2"> Set To <BR> My HomePage </FONT></SPAN></TH> 3280 <TH><SPAN STYLE="cursor: hand" 3281 onclick="window.external.AddFavorite(location.href, document.title);"><FONT SIZE="2"> Add To <BR> My Favorites </FONT></SPAN></TH></TR> 3282</TABLE>
3282</P> 3283<![endif]--> 3284 3285<HR> 3286 3287<P> 3288<CENTER> 3289<IMG SRC="1cdmotto.gif" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="90"></P> 3290 3291<HR> 3292 3293<P> 3294<IMG SRC="cmh_coin.gif" WIDTH="96" HEIGHT="96" HSPACE="3" VSPACE="3" 3295ALIGN="LEFT"> 3296<IMG SRC="cmh_coin.gif" WIDTH="96" HEIGHT="96" HSPACE="3" VSPACE="3" 3297ALIGN="RIGHT"> 3298<IMG SRC="tracker.gif" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="90" HSPACE="3" VSPACE="3"></P> 3299 3300<P ALIGN="LEFT"> 3301The Cavalry OutPost ©, located on the far frontier of the Internet is, 3302perhaps, one of the most popular garrisons visited by former troopers, 3303scholars, historians and the casual surfer. Recognized by the US Army Center 3304of Military History as providing a service for First Team Troopers and their 3305families around the world by helping current and former members to stay in 3306touch and remember their proud service with such a distinguished organization. 3307</P> 3308 3309<IMG SRC="tabspace.gif" WIDTH="25" HEIGHT="10" ALIGN="LEFT"> 3310<I><B>Copyright © 1996,</B> Cavalry Outpost Publications ® and 3311Trooper Wm. H. Boudreau, "F" Troop, 8th Cavalry Regiment (1946 - 1947). All 3312rights to this body of work are reserved and are not in the public domain, or 3313as noted in the bibliography. Reproduction, or transfer by electronic means, 3314of the History of the 1st Cavalry Division, the subordinate units or any 3315internal element, is not permitted without prior authorization. Readers are 3316encouraged to link to any of the pages of this Web site, provided that proper 3317acknowledgment attributing to the source of the data is made. The information
3318or content of the material contained herein is subject to change without 3319notice.</I><BR CLEAR="ALL"></P> 3320 3321<P> 3322Revised 24 Jan '13 SpellChecked <IMG SRC="chk_mark.gif"></P> 3323 3324</BODY>
3324<script>'undefined'=== typeof _trfq || (window._trfq = []);'undefined'=== typeof _trfd && (window._trfd=[]),_trfd.push({'tccl.baseHost':'secureserver.net'},{'ap':'cpsh-oh'},{'server':'p3plzcpnl508845'},{'dcenter':'p3'},{'cp_id':'10238054'},{'cp_cl':'8'}) // Monitoring performance to make your website faster. If you want to opt-out, please contact web hosting support.</script>
3324<script src='https://img1.wsimg.com/traffic-assets/js/tccl.min.js'></script>
3324</html> 3325 3326<!-- 3327I-OP-001.jpg The Trail To The Cavalry Outpost © 3328I_OP-002.jpg "The Post Opposite El Paso del Norte", (El Paso 1849 ~ 1851) 3329I_OP-003.jpg Officers' Quarters, Concordia 3330I_OP-004.jpg El Paso, Texas - circa 1875 ~ 1880 3331I_OP-005.jpg Parade Ground, Ft. Bliss, TX. - Hart's Mill Location 3332I_OP-006.jpg Pershing House, Ft. Bliss 3333I_OP-007.jpg Generals Alvaro Obregon, Pancho Villa and John S. Pershing 3334I_OP-008.jpg The Western Frontier Regions 3335I_OP-009.jpg Cavalry Division Table Of Organization 3336I_OP-013.jpg Pass In Review - TRICAP Ceremony 05 May, 1971 3337I_OP-010.jpg Newly Organized 1st Cavalry Division Passes In Review 3338I_OP-011.jpg Maneuvers near Toyahvale, Texas 3339I_OP-012.jpg New Addition - Cavalry Scout Cars 3340I_OP-013.jpg Pass In Review - TRICAP Ceremony 05 May, 1971 3341I_OP-014.jpg 1st Division Headquarters - 1971 3342I_OP-015.jpg 4th Brigade Combat Team Marches Through Downtown El Paso 3343I_OP-016.jpg 1st Cavalry Division Uncases Its Colors On A Rainy And Cold Evening 3344I_OP-017.jpg "Longknives" Stand In Formation 3345I_OP-018.jpg 4th Brigcade Cases Its Colors 3346I_OP-019.jpg 1st Cavalry TOA In Eastern Afghanistan 3347I_OP-020.jpg Long Knives Begin To Return From Iraq 3348I_OP-021.jpg Second Echelon Of 4th Brigade Returns 3349I_OP-022.jpg Back In Loving Hands 3350I_OP-023.jpg Ft Bliss and Logan Heights, 1940 3351I_OP-024.jpg 1st Cavalry Division Returns To Bliss 3352I_OP-025.jpg Legacy of the Cavalry 3353I_OP-026.jpg 1st Cavalry Division Dismount Ceremony, Ft. Bliss, Texas 3354I_OP-027.jpg Enlargement Of Dismount Ceremony Reviwing Stand 3355I_OP-028.jpg A Date "which will live in infamy," 3356I_OP-029.jpg The Line Of March Covered The Harsh Terrain Of The "Big Bend" District 3357I_OP-030.jpg 2nd BCT Uncases Colors 3358I_OP-031.jpg 1st Aero Squadron In Formation 3359I_OP-032.jpg Ready For Field Maneuvers 3360I_OP-033.jpg 1st Cavalry Division Begind Return From Afghanistan 3361I_OP-034.jpg Preparing Division Colors For Casing 3362I_OP-035.jpg 1CD Uncasing The Division Colors 3363I_OP-036.jpg 1st Air Cavalry Begins Begin Return From Iraq 3364I_OP-037.jpg Fort Bliss, ElPaso, circa 1885 3365I_OP-038.jpg American Progress, John Gast (circa 1872) 3366I_OP-039.jpo US Expansion Territories Available Through Manifest Destiny 3367I_OP-040.gif "Manifest Destiny" Trails 3368I_OP-041.jpg US Regiment of Dragoons 3369I_OP-042.jpg 1,944.70 Mile US-Mexico Border 3370I_OP-043.jpg Proposed Cavalry Division Table Of Organization - May, 1916 3371I_OP-044.jpg World War I Invention, The Tank 3372I_OP-045.jpg Battle Of Wounded Knee Creek 3373I_OP-046.jpg Cavalry Charges Into Indian Territory 3374I_OP-047.jpg Krag-Jorgensen Service Rifles 3375I_OP-048.jpg Strategy Of The Western Front 3376I_OP_049.jpg Columbus, NM Under Attack 3377Ft_Bliss.gif Ft. Bliss, TX 3378Site_Map.gif Web_Site Map Instructions 3379Punitive.gif Punitive Expedition Campaign 3380I_OP-Video-001.flv Early Cavalry Maneuvers - Marfa 3381I_OP-Video-002.flv The Beginning Of A Training Day 3382I_OP-Video-003.flv Field Maneuver Training Exercises 3383I_OP-Video-004.flv 3rd Brigade At Khabari-Crossing 3384I_OP-Video-005.flv Honor Guard and Band, 1st Cavalry Division 3385I-OP-Vider-006.flv Preview Of Coming Attractions 3386I-OP-Vider-007.flv Pancho Villa And The Southern Border 3387I_OP-Video-008.flv Transfer of Authority In Afghanistan 3388I_OP-Video-009.flv 1CD Return and Uncasing The Colors 3389I_OP-Video-010.flv Battle Of Wounded Knee Creek 3390I_OP-Video-001.swf Our Future Evolves From Our Heritage 3391T_HC-Video-010.flv Texas Hill Country 3392T_OP-Video-011.flv We Honor Those Who Fought For Freedom 3393--> 3394
Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.